Welding tool for laser welding and laser welding method using the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a welding jig for laser welding and a laser welding method using the same. The welding jig for laser welding comprises: a gas protection layer and a flexible compression layer, wherein the gas protection layer and the flexible compression layer are stacked; a vent is provided on one side of the gas protection layer, and the vent is used to output welding shielding gas; the flexible compression layer is made of a stress-deformed material. The laser welding method comprises the following steps: aligning the parts to be welded to form a weld, and arranging a welding jig on both sides of the weld; applying pressure toward the parts to be welded to the welding jig so that the flexible compression layer is in close contact with the surface of the parts to be welded; adjusting the vent to output welding shielding gas; performing laser welding on the weld; closing the shielding gas and releasing the welding jig. The present invention integrates the functions of gas protection and welding constraint, greatly improving welding accessibility and gas protection effect, and ensuring the quality of weld protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and in particular to a welding tool for laser welding and a laser welding method using the same. Background Art

[0002] For laser autogenous welding or laser wire welding of titanium alloy butt joints, on the one hand, in order to prevent welding deformation, pressure plates are usually used on both sides of the weld to constrain it; on the other hand, in order to prevent oxidation or the generation of porosity defects, the molten pool and especially the weld after solidification need to be protected by inert gas. Usually, coaxial gas protection combined with weld drag hood or side blowing gas protection is used.

[0003] For complex curved welds, due to surface limitations, in order to ensure that both sides of the weld are pressed tightly, the welding restraint pressure plate needs to be specially made according to the surface shape, and the drag hood is affected by the curved surface welding, which increases the difficulty of pressure plate manufacturing and assembly. Although there is inert gas protection, the gas flow control is difficult and the weld protection effect is difficult to guarantee. Summary of the invention

[0004] (1) Technical issues to be solved

[0005] The first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a welding tool for laser welding, comprising: a gas protection layer and a flexible compression layer, the gas protection layer and the flexible compression layer are stacked; a vent hole is provided on one side of the gas protection layer, the vent hole is used to output welding shielding gas; the flexible compression layer is made of a stress-deformed material. The present invention integrates gas protection and welding constraint functions, greatly improves welding accessibility and gas protection effect, and ensures the quality of weld protection.

[0006] The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a laser welding method, including aligning the parts to be welded to form a weld, and setting a welding tool on both sides of the weld; applying pressure to the welding tool toward the parts to be welded so that the flexible compression layer is in close contact with the surface of the parts to be welded; adjusting the vent to output the shielding gas for welding; performing laser welding on the weld; closing the shielding gas and releasing the welding tool. The present invention integrates the gas protection and welding constraint functions, greatly improving the welding accessibility and gas protection effect, and ensuring the quality of weld protection.

[0007] (2) Technical solution

[0008] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention proposes a welding tool for laser welding, comprising: a gas protection layer and a flexible compression layer, wherein the gas protection layer and the flexible compression layer are stacked; a ventilation hole is provided on one side of the gas protection layer, and the ventilation hole is used to output the shielding gas for welding; the flexible compression layer is made of a stress-deformable material.

[0009] Furthermore, the welding tool further comprises a contact pressure plate, and the contact pressure plate is stacked on a side of the gas protection layer away from the flexible pressing layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the gas protection layer and / or the contact pressure plate are both made of metal material.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of ventilation holes are provided, and the plurality of ventilation holes are arranged along the side direction of the air protection layer.

[0012] Furthermore, adjacent ventilation holes are evenly arranged.

[0013] Furthermore, the flexible compression layer is a composite layer, the outer layer is made of rubber material, and the inner layer is filled with metal sand.

[0014] Furthermore, a ventilation pipe is provided inside the air protection layer, one end of the ventilation pipe is connected to the ventilation hole, and the other end of the ventilation pipe is connected to the protection gas source.

[0015] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser welding method, using any welding tool provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the laser welding method comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Align the parts to be welded to form a weld, and set a welding tool on both sides of the weld;

[0017] Step 2: Apply pressure to the welding tool toward the workpiece to be welded, so that the flexible pressing layer is in close contact with the surface of the workpiece to be welded;

[0018] Step 3: Adjust the vent to output welding shielding gas;

[0019] Step 4: Laser welding the weld;

[0020] Step 5: Turn off the shielding gas and release the welding tooling.

[0021] Furthermore, the step three further comprises, after the vent hole outputs the shielding gas for welding: detecting the oxygen content measurement value at the weld, and performing welding when the content measurement value at the weld is less than 100 ppm.

[0022] Furthermore, after the welding in step 4 is completed, the shielding gas continues to be output for a certain period of time.

[0023] (3) Beneficial effects

[0024] The present invention utilizes the characteristic of the flexible pressing layer to deform under force to press the material to be welded. The flexible pressing layer can be deformed according to the surface shape of the material to be welded during the pressing process, so that the pressing operation can be fully performed on the surface of the material to be welded, which is not limited by the surface shape of the material to be welded and has a wide range of applications. Furthermore, the gas protection layer and the flexible pressing layer are stacked, and the vent holes of the gas protection layer face the weld, so that a protective atmosphere can be formed around the weld, which is conducive to the smooth progress of laser welding.

[0025] The embodiment of the present invention integrates gas protection and welding constraint functions, and can replace the drag hood, side blowing and other devices, especially for curved welds, so as to greatly improve the welding accessibility and gas protection effect, and ensure the quality of weld protection. The flexible compression layer can quickly and accurately perform welding compression and constraint on the materials to be welded (especially the materials to be welded on curved surfaces), and can be reused according to different surface positions, avoiding the problem that traditional hard compression blocks must be specially made according to specific surfaces and are difficult to assemble.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a welding tool in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a welding tool being pressed onto a workpiece to be welded in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 1 is a flow chart of a laser welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: air protection layer 1, ventilation hole 11, flexible compression layer 2, contact pressure plate 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to exemplarily illustrate the principles of the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention, that is, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and covers any modification, replacement and improvement of parts, components and connection modes without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other.

[0034] The following will refer to the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 The present application is described in detail with reference to embodiments.

[0035] According to the first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a welding tool for laser welding comprises: a gas protection layer 1 and a flexible compression layer 2, wherein the gas protection layer 1 and the flexible compression layer 2 are stacked; a ventilation hole 11 is provided on one side of the gas protection layer 1, and the ventilation hole 11 is used to output the shielding gas for welding; the flexible compression layer 2 is made of a stress-deformable material.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present invention, the welding tool comprises a gas protection layer 1 and a flexible compression layer 2. A vent hole 11 is provided on one side of the gas protection layer 1. The vent hole 11 is used to output the shielding gas for welding. In the actual welding process, the welding tool is placed on one side of the weld, and the gas output by the gas protection layer 1 can just cover the weld, so that a shielding gas atmosphere can be formed around the weld during the welding process, thereby preventing oxidation by oxygen during the laser welding process and affecting the welding effect.

[0037] In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the flexible compression layer 2 and the gas protection layer 1 are stacked, and the flexible compression layer 2 can be pressed tightly on the material to be welded before actual welding. Since the flexible compression layer 2 is made of a stress-deformable material, when the flexible compression layer 2 is pressed on the material to be welded, it will not be affected by the surface shape of the material to be welded. Even when the surface of the material to be welded is a curved surface, the flexible compression layer 2 can also be deformed according to its shape after pressing the material to be welded to achieve complete compression on the surface of the material to be welded, thereby playing a role of stable compression.

[0038] Finally, the flexible compression layer 2 compresses the welding material so as to form a stable weld that is not easily deformed, and then stable laser welding can be achieved in the atmosphere of the protective gas filled in the gas protection layer 1.

[0039] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the characteristic of the flexible compression layer 2 that it deforms when subjected to force to compress the material to be welded. The flexible compression layer 2 can deform according to the surface shape of the material to be welded during the compression process, so that the compression operation can be fully performed on the surface of the material to be welded. This is not limited by the surface shape of the material to be welded and has a wide range of applications. Furthermore, the gas protection layer 1 and the flexible compression layer 2 are stacked, and the vent 11 of the gas protection layer 1 faces the weld, so that a protective atmosphere can be formed around the weld, which is conducive to the smooth progress of laser welding.

[0040] The embodiment of the present invention integrates gas protection and welding constraint functions, and can replace the drag hood, side blowing and other devices, especially for curved welds, so as to greatly improve the welding accessibility and gas protection effect, and ensure the quality of weld protection. The flexible compression layer 2 can quickly and accurately perform welding compression and constraint on the materials to be welded (especially the materials to be welded on curved surfaces), and can be reused according to different profile positions, avoiding the problem that traditional hard compression blocks must be specially made according to specific profiles and are difficult to assemble.

[0041] According to another embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the welding tool further comprises a contact pressure plate 3, and the contact pressure plate 3 is stacked on a side of the gas protection layer 1 away from the flexible pressing layer 2. Figure 1 As shown, the arrangement of the contact pressure plate 3 allows the welding tool to be connected to a component that applies pressure (such as a pressure beam of a welding machine) through the contact pressure plate 3, which facilitates the connection.

[0042] According to another embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the gas protective layer 1 and / or the contact pressure plate 3 are both made of metal material, which can improve the structural strength of the gas protective layer 1 and / or the contact pressure plate 3, avoid deformation or damage when pressing the parts to be welded, thereby affecting the gas protection effect or the pressing effect.

[0043] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, the contact pressure plate 3 can be made of stainless steel with a width of not less than 100 mm and a thickness of 3-5 mm. The contact pressure plate 3 mainly serves to connect with the pressure beam of the laser welding laser, and at the same time connects the gas protection layer 1 and the flexible compression layer 2.

[0044] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, the gas protection layer 1 may also be made of stainless steel with a thickness of 3-5 mm, and the vent holes 11 are arranged on a side of the gas protection layer 1 close to the weld. The thickness of the flexible compression layer 2 may be 30-40 mm.

[0045] Specifically, the flexible compression layer 2 and the air protection layer 1 are connected and fixed by bolts all around, and the flexible compression layer 2 and the air protection layer 1 are connected by bolts embedded in the center of the contact surface. The air protection layer 1 and the contact pressure plate 3 can be fixedly connected or connected by bolts or other means.

[0046] Of course, in actual use, the width and thickness of the contact pressure plate 3, the thickness of the air protection layer 1, and the thickness of the flexible compression layer 2 can be set as needed, and should not constitute a limitation to the present application.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of ventilation holes 11 are provided, and the plurality of ventilation holes 11 are arranged along the side direction of the air protection layer 1. Figure 1As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of vent holes 11 are provided so that the gas can fill the part to be welded (that is, around the weld), thereby being more conducive to the role of gas protection and anti-oxidation.

[0048] Specifically, according to another embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the adjacent vent holes 11 are evenly arranged. Figure 1 As shown, this can make the gas sprayed into the weld more uniform.

[0049] Specifically, according to another embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the flexible compression layer 2 is a composite layer, the outer layer is made of rubber material, and the inner layer is filled with metal sand. In this way, the shape of the flexible compression layer 2 can be deformed on the attached object according to the change of the pressure applied by the outside world, and can be well attached to the attached object (the part to be welded).

[0050] Specifically, according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a vent pipe is provided inside the gas protection layer 1, one end of the vent pipe is connected to the vent hole 11, and the other end of the vent pipe is connected to a protective gas source. In this way, the protective gas source can be input to the vent hole 11 through the vent pipe, and then output to the weld from the vent hole 11, forming a protective atmosphere at the weld to be welded.

[0051] According to a laser welding method of the second aspect of the present invention, the welding tool described in any one of the first aspect of the present invention is used. Figure 3 As shown, the laser welding method comprises the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Align the parts to be welded to form a weld, and set a welding tool on both sides of the weld;

[0053] Step 2: applying pressure to the welding tool toward the workpiece to be welded, so that the flexible pressing layer 2 is in close contact with the surface of the workpiece to be welded;

[0054] Step 3: Adjust the vent hole 11 to output welding shielding gas;

[0055] Step 4: Laser welding the weld;

[0056] Step 5: Turn off the shielding gas and release the welding tooling.

[0057] The following is combined with Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 To illustrate the embodiment of the present invention, in the embodiment of the present invention, refer to the attached Figure 2 As shown in the figure, firstly align the parts to be welded left and right to form a weld, and set a welding tool on both sides of the weld; then apply pressure to the welding tool toward the parts to be welded (as shown in the figure). Figure 2The flexible pressing layer 2 of the welding tool is pressed against the surface of the workpiece to be welded. Since the flexible pressing layer 2 of the welding tool is deformed due to the force, the flexible pressing layer 2 can be deformed according to the surface shape of the material to be welded during the pressing process, so that it can fully fit the surface of the material to be welded, so that it can be fully pressed without being restricted by the surface shape of the material to be welded. After the welding tool presses the workpieces to be welded on both sides of the weld, the vents 11 are adjusted to output the welding shielding gas, and the welding shielding gas on both sides is sprayed toward the middle weld to form a protective atmosphere around the weld; then, laser welding is performed on the weld; after welding is completed, the shielding gas is turned off and the welding tool is released.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, the welding tooling of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention can be used to complete the clamping and restraining operation according to the surface shapes of different parts to be welded. Since the flexible clamping layer 2 is a structure that is deformed by force, the flexible clamping layer 2 can match parts to be welded of different shapes. Then, the parts to be welded on both sides of the welding tooling are respectively clamped, thereby forming a stable weld. Next, the vents 11 on the welding tooling on both sides are used to supplement the protective gas around the weld to form a protective atmosphere. The embodiment of the present invention combines gas protection and welding restraint functions, and can replace devices such as drag hoods and side blowing, especially curved welds, so that welding accessibility and gas protection effects are greatly improved, the quality of weld protection is ensured, and the welding process is simple, convenient, and easy.

[0059] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the step 3 further includes: detecting the oxygen content measurement value at the weld, and welding when the content measurement value at the weld is less than 100ppm. By detecting the oxygen content measurement value at the weld, the gas supply of the vent 11 is adjusted to ensure that the oxygen content around the weld is lower than the requirement, thereby ensuring the welding quality. Of course, in actual processing, the threshold value of 100ppm can be set as needed, and it should not constitute a limitation to the present application.

[0060] According to another embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, after the welding in step four is completed, the shielding gas continues to be output for a certain period of time, which can ensure that the weld is cooled to below the oxidation temperature under the protective atmosphere so that it will not be oxidized, which is beneficial to improving the welding quality.

[0061] Specifically, when releasing the welding tooling, the welding tooling on both sides should release the clamping force symmetrically, so that the weld can be evenly stressed and less likely to deform.

[0062] It should be clear that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the embodiments of the method, the relevant parts can refer to the partial description of the device embodiment. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the figures. In addition, for the sake of brevity, a detailed description of known method technologies is omitted here.

[0063] The above is only an embodiment of the present application and is not limited to the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser welding method, characterized in that: A welding tool for laser welding is used, the welding tool for laser welding comprising: a gas protection layer (1) and a flexible compression layer (2), the gas protection layer (1) and the flexible compression layer (2) being stacked; a vent hole (11) is provided on one side of the gas protection layer (1), the vent hole (11) is used to output welding shielding gas; the flexible compression layer (2) is made of a material that is deformed by force; The welding tool further comprises a contact pressure plate (3), wherein the contact pressure plate (3) is stacked on a side of the gas protection layer (1) away from the flexible pressing layer (2); the welding tool is connected to a component that applies pressure via the contact pressure plate (3); The flexible compression layer (2) and the gas protection layer (1) are connected and fixed by bolts all around, and the flexible compression layer (2) and the gas protection layer (1) are connected by bolts embedded in the center of the contact surface; The flexible pressing layer (2) is deformed on the attached object according to the change of the pressure applied by the outside, so that the flexible pressing layer (2) is closely attached to the attached object; The laser welding method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Align the parts to be welded to form a weld, and set a welding tool on both sides of the weld; Step 2: applying pressure to the welding tool toward the workpiece to be welded, so that the flexible pressing layer (2) is in close contact with the surface of the workpiece to be welded; Step 3: Adjust the vent hole (11) to output welding shielding gas; Step 4: Laser welding the weld; Step 5: Turn off the shielding gas and release the welding tooling; The step 3 further comprises: detecting the oxygen content at the weld seam after the vent hole (11) outputs the shielding gas for welding, and welding is performed when the oxygen content at the weld seam is less than 100 ppm; After the welding in step 4 is completed, the shielding gas continues to be output for a certain period of time.

2. A laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas protection layer (1) and / or the contact pressure plate (3) are both made of metal material.

3. A laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of ventilation holes (11) are provided, and the plurality of ventilation holes (11) are arranged along the side direction of the air protection layer (1).

4. A laser welding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjacent ventilation holes (11) are evenly arranged.

5. A laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible compression layer (2) is a composite layer, the outer layer of which is made of rubber material and the inner layer is filled with metal sand.

6. A laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ventilation pipe is provided inside the air protection layer (1), one end of the ventilation pipe is connected to the ventilation hole (11), and the other end of the ventilation pipe is connected to a protective air source.

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