Prefabricated counterweight device to prevent shield tail from floating

Abstract

This invention provides a prefabricated counterweight device to prevent shield tail from floating. It includes force-applying units positioned opposite each other on either side of a segment feeder. One side of each force-applying unit is hinged to the segment feeder. Each force-applying unit includes multiple counterweight devices arranged along the segment laying direction. A load-bearing plate is provided under each counterweight device, and a steel frame is mounted on the load-bearing plate. Multiple counterweight grooves are located within the steel frame, and counterweights are detachably mounted within each counterweight groove. Multiple traveling force-transmitting wheels are located at the bottom of the load-bearing plate, and these wheels are slidably connected to the segments. This invention features a compact structure, ease of use, rapid installation and assembly within tunnels, convenient adjustment and control, high construction efficiency, high segment installation accuracy, and stable condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) engineering technology, and in particular to a prefabricated counterweight device for preventing the shield tail from floating. Background Technology

[0002] When a tunnel boring machine (TBM) is excavating in the ground, the segments that have just emerged from the tail of the shield often experience partial or complete floating. This leads to unsatisfactory TBM attitude correction, severe segment misalignment and damage, and in severe cases, excessive deviation of the tunnel axis. The main reasons for this are as follows:

[0003] There is a gap between the excavation diameter of the cutterhead and the outer diameter of the tunnel segment. If this gap cannot be filled by the synchronous grouting slurry in time, or if the initial setting time of the slurry is too long, the tunnel segment will float after being enclosed by groundwater and grouting slurry after detaching from the shield tail. If the pressure difference between the upper and lower zones is set too large during the tunnel segment advancement, the tunnel segment will generate a longitudinal eccentric load, which will aggravate the floating of the shield tail segment to a certain extent. When a large cutting water pressure is used in a slurry shield, it may cause the shield tail to lift up, which in turn will cause the tunnel segments near the shield tail to float up together.

[0004] For the common engineering quality problem of tunnel lining segment floating, the commonly used solutions are mainly as follows:

[0005] Changing the synchronous grouting mix ratio shortens the initial setting time of the grout. This method is currently the most commonly used, but it is prone to clogging of the grouting pipes, which is quite troublesome and requires multiple shifts for cleaning. Timely secondary grouting is performed on the segments that have detached from the shield tail. The secondary grouting location is generally selected on the segments at the top of the No. 1 trolley. If it is far from the shield tail, the effect is not obvious. If it is close to the shield tail, there is a risk of encasing the shield body. For areas where the segments that have detached from the shield tail float up severely, heavy blocks are placed on the No. 1 trolley, but if it is far from the shield tail, the control effect is not obvious.

[0006] Chinese patent document CN 113279771 A describes a prefabricated assembly structure for preventing underwater shield tunnel segments from floating. This structure is mainly used for large-diameter shields and is installed at the tail of the shield. It is then removed after the grout solidifies. During construction, it needs to be continuously disassembled and reassembled to keep the point of action fixed at the tail of the shield. The operation is relatively cumbersome and the efficiency is low. Therefore, it has defects and needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a prefabricated counterweight device to prevent shield tail from floating, which solves the problems that during the shield tunneling process, when the segments float, the assembled and adjusted counterweights cannot be quickly applied on site, the relative position of the counterweights cannot be changed as required, the control effect is poor, and it will affect the construction process.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a prefabricated counterweight device for preventing the shield tail from floating, comprising force application units arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the feeder, one side of the force application unit being hinged to the feeder, the force application unit including multiple counterweight devices arranged along the laying direction of the tube segments, a load-bearing plate provided on the lower side of the counterweight device, a steel frame provided on the load-bearing plate, multiple counterweight grooves provided in the steel frame, counterweight bodies being detachably provided in the counterweight grooves, and multiple traveling force transmission wheels provided at the bottom of the load-bearing plate, the traveling force transmission wheels being slidably connected to the tube segments;

[0009] Each pair of counterweights is connected by a connecting unit, which is connected to the counterweight via a fixing plate.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the weighting device is provided with multiple supports in parallel on the side near the tablet feeder, and the supports are hinged to the tablet feeder via pins.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the connecting unit includes a base plate, which is fixed on a fixing plate. A mounting plate is provided on one side of the base plate, and a fixing rod is provided on the mounting plate. A threaded rod is provided on one side of the fixing rod, and a step is provided between the threaded rod and the conical hole. A docking platform is provided on the threaded rod.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the mounting plate has a first through hole, the fixing rod passes through the first through hole, and the fixing rod is connected to the mounting plate by a nut;

[0013] The mounting plate is symmetrically provided with two second threaded holes, and a first mating post and a second mating post are respectively threaded into the two second threaded holes. A conical post is provided on one side of the first mating post, and a conical hole is provided on one side of the second mating post. The size of the conical post and the size of the conical hole are matched.

[0014] The base plate is also provided with a first threaded hole, and a second through hole is provided through the fixing rod. A positioning rod is inserted into the second through hole, and one side of the positioning rod is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, multiple limiting struts are provided between the steel frame and the load-bearing plate, a channel is provided on the side farther from the feeding machine, and multiple slots are provided on the upper part of the steel frame, with detachable partitions inside the slots.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, multiple third ball bearings are evenly distributed on both sides of the partition, and multiple first ball bearings are evenly distributed on the upper part of the load-bearing plate.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, a first push plate is provided on the top of the counterweight groove on the side of the steel frame closer to the tablet feeder, and a second push plate is provided on the top of the counterweight groove on the side of the steel frame farther from the tablet feeder. The same side of the first push plate and the second push plate is fixed to the first support seat and the second support seat respectively by two screw rods, and the same other side of the first push plate and the second push plate is fixed to the two first adjustment seats respectively by optical shafts.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the first push plate and the second push plate have the same structure. The first push plate and the second push plate are respectively provided with a third threaded hole and a fourth threaded hole on the same side. The first push plate and the second push plate are respectively provided with a first groove and a second groove on the same other side. The two lead screws are respectively threaded into the third threaded hole and the fourth threaded hole. The first push plate and the second push plate are respectively provided with a plurality of second balls on the side away from the tablet feeder.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the first adjustment seat is provided with a fixing groove, one side of the optical axis is located in the fixing groove, and the upper part of the first adjustment seat is connected to a first cover plate by screws, and the first cover plate is provided with a fifth threaded hole;

[0020] A second adjusting seat is provided between the two first adjusting seats. The axis of the second adjusting seat coincides with the axis of the first adjusting seat. The second adjusting seat is provided with a through groove. The upper part of the second adjusting seat is connected to a second cover plate by screws. The second cover plate is provided with a sixth threaded hole.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the outer side of the steel frame is provided with multiple ear plates, each ear plate has a through hole, a hanger is inserted into the ear plate, a hook is provided on one side of the hanger and inserted into the through hole, and the hanger has a cavity for loading counterweights.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By setting counterweight devices on both sides of the feeder, the counterweight devices are driven forward during the feeder's movement. The counterweight devices are equipped with multiple counterweight slots. According to the condition of the tunnel segments, counterweights are loaded into the counterweight slots. The whole device is easy to use and is equipped with a hanger, which allows for convenient and quick adjustment of the position of the counterweights. Multiple counterweight devices can be easily assembled through a connecting unit. The overall installation accuracy is high and the structure is stable, which greatly improves the fixing efficiency of tunnel segments during tunnel boring and ensures the safety and efficiency of the construction process.

[0023] 1) By directly adding vertical force at the shield tail, the upward floating of the segments that have detached from the shield tail can be effectively controlled;

[0024] 2) By adding different numbers of counterweights, the magnitude of the vertical force can be effectively adjusted to avoid excessive vertical force causing the shield tail to sink; and during use, the position of the counterweights can be adjusted to ensure that the segments are more stable under pressure.

[0025] 3) The entire device moves together with the tablet feeder without the need for external force, making it reliable and economical in cost;

[0026] 4) The entire device is easy to install and disassemble, convenient to splice and adjust, and can be used immediately without affecting the normal construction and assembly operations of the tunnel boring machine. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention installed inside a tunnel;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection and usage of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention, state one;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention, state two;

[0033] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A top-down view;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first adjustment seat;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second adjustment seat;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a frontal view of the entire assembly when the connecting units are docked.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a top-view diagram showing the overall connection of the units during docking.

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure when the connecting units are docked;

[0039] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 An explosion diagram.

[0040] In the figure: segment 1; feeder 2; weight pressing device 3; steel framework 301; weight body 302; pin shaft 303; fixing plate 304; traveling force transmission wheel 305; limiting support rod 306; bearing plate 307; first ball 308; weight groove 309; first push plate 310; second push plate 311; partition plate 312; slot 313; hanging bracket 314; ear plate 315; hook 316; first adjustment seat 317; first support seat 318; second support seat 319; second adjustment seat 320; second ball 321; third ball 322; limiting convex plate 323; optical axis 324; screw rod 325; driving head 326; first groove 327; second groove 328; third threaded hole 329; fourth threaded hole 330; fixing groove 331; first cover plate 332; screw 333; fifth threaded hole 334; through slot 335; second cover plate 336; sixth threaded hole 337; through hole 338; cavity 339; channel 340; support 341; connecting unit 4; bottom plate 401; mounting plate 402; first threaded hole 403; second threaded hole 404; first through hole 405; fixing rod 406; step 407; second through hole 408; positioning rod 409; first threaded column 410; first docking column 411; second threaded column 412; conical column 413; second docking column 414; third threaded column 415; conical hole 416; nut 417; threaded rod 418; positioning area 419; docking platform 420; circular ring groove 421; force applying unit 5. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] As Figure 1-12 shown in, an assembled weight pressing device for preventing the shield tail from floating includes force applying units 5 oppositely arranged on both sides of the feeder 2. One side of the force applying unit 5 is hinged to the feeder 2. The force applying unit 5 includes a plurality of weight pressing devices 3 arranged along the laying direction of the segment 1. A bearing plate 307 is provided on the lower side of the weight pressing device 3. A steel framework 301 is provided on the bearing plate 307. A plurality of weight grooves 309 are provided in the steel framework 301. A weight body 302 is detachably provided in the weight groove 309. A plurality of traveling force transmission wheels 305 are provided at the bottom of the bearing plate 307. The traveling force transmission wheels 305 are slidably connected to the segment 1. Each two weight pressing devices 3 are connected through a connecting unit 4. The connecting unit 4 is connected to the weight pressing device 3 through a fixing plate 304. The steel framework 301 has a "grid" structure. With this structure, the number of weight bodies 302 can be increased or decreased in the weight groove 309 as needed, ensuring that the weight bodies 302 apply force to the bearing plate 307 stably. Thus, the pressing force of the traveling force transmission wheels 305 on the segment is more sufficient and stable, avoiding the floating of the segment 1, and enabling the overall weight pressing device 3 to follow the feeder 2 without generating excessive friction during walking, prolonging the service life of the weight pressing device 3, and not affecting the normal excavation process of the shield machine and the normal assembly of the segments during the process of the weight pressing device 3 applying force to the segment 1.

[0042] In the preferred embodiment, the counterweight device 3 is provided with multiple supports 341 parallel to the side near the feeder 2, and the supports 341 are hinged to the feeder 2 via pins 303. This structure facilitates easy installation and disassembly. The number of counterweight devices 3 can be adjusted at any time along the laying direction of the tunnel segment 1 as needed, making it more flexible and convenient to use. At the same time, the counterweight device 3 can adaptively press down on the tunnel segment 1 under its own weight according to changes in direction and height within the tunnel. Furthermore, the connection between the feeder 2 and the counterweight device 3 is more stable.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the connecting unit 4 includes a base plate 401, which is fixed to a fixing plate 304. A mounting plate 402 is provided on one side of the base plate 401, and a fixing rod 406 is provided on the mounting plate 402. A threaded rod 418 is provided on one side of the fixing rod 406. A step 407 is provided between the threaded rod 418 and the conical hole 416. A docking platform 420 is provided on the threaded rod 418. The threaded rod 418 has an open half-structure, and the docking platform 420 is a smooth contact surface. This structure allows the fixing plate 304 to support the base plate 401 without affecting the overall stress of the steel frame 301. During docking, the docking platforms 420 of the two opposing threaded rods 418 fit together, splicing the two threaded rods 418 on both sides. Rotating the nut 417 then completes the connection and fastening of the two threaded rods 418. The threaded rod 418 has both positive and negative threads, ensuring better installation accuracy and fixing effect after the two threaded rods 418 are aligned.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the mounting plate 402 is provided with a first through hole 405, the fixing rod 406 passes through the first through hole 405, and the fixing rod 406 is connected to the mounting plate 402 by a nut 417;

[0045] The mounting plate 402 is symmetrically provided with two second threaded holes 404. The two second threaded holes 404 are respectively threaded with a first mating post 411 and a second mating post 414. A conical post 413 is provided on one side of the first mating post 411, and a conical hole 416 is provided on one side of the second mating post 414. The size of the conical post 413 and the size of the conical hole 416 are matched.

[0046] The base plate 401 is also provided with a first threaded hole 403, and the fixing rod 406 is provided with a second through hole 408. A positioning rod 409 is inserted into the second through hole 408, and one side of the positioning rod 409 is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole 403. The threaded rod 418 is provided with a positioning area 419 near the fixing rod 406. The positioning area 419 is used for retraction when the nut 417 is removed. One side of the positioning rod 409 is provided with a first threaded post 410, which is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole 403. The fixing rod 406 is provided with an annular groove 421, and threads are provided on both sides of the annular groove 421. A second threaded post 412 is provided on one side of the first mating post 411, and a third threaded post 415 is provided on one side of the second mating post 414. The second threaded post 412 and the third threaded post 415 are respectively connected to the second threaded hole. The 404 threaded connection allows the fixing rod 406 to be fixed to the mounting plate 402 by the nut 417. The width of the annular groove 421 matches the thickness of the mounting plate 402, ensuring a more secure installation of the fixing rod 406 by the nut 417. At the same time, the installation and removal of the fixing rod 406, the first docking post 411, and the second docking post 414 are more convenient. The positioning rod 409 ensures the accurate angle of the fixing rod 406, thereby ensuring that the plane of the docking platform 420 of the threaded rods 418 on both sides is parallel to the plane of the base plate 401, making installation and adjustment more convenient.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of limiting struts 306 are provided between the steel frame 301 and the load-bearing plate 307, a channel 340 is provided on the side farther from the feeder 2, and a plurality of slots 313 are provided on the upper part of the steel frame 301, with a partition 312 detachably provided in the slot 313. The inner side of the limiting support rod 306 is also provided with a limiting protrusion 323. During use, since the tube segment 1 has a certain curvature, when the counterweight device 3 presses on the tube segment 1, the counterweight 302 will tilt towards the side closer to the feeder 2. This structure allows the limiting support rod 306 to limit and support the counterweight 302, while reducing the overall weight. At the same time, the limiting protrusion 323 acts as a barrier to adjacent counterweights 323, preventing the counterweights 302 from sliding and affecting each other in the counterweight groove 309. Since the counterweight device 3 needs to move with the feeder 2, there will be vibration. The limiting protrusion 323 ensures more stable and smooth movement. The slot 313 is equipped with a partition 312 as needed. The partition 312 ensures that the counterweights 302 are stably placed in the counterweight groove 309, and each counterweight 302 is separated from each other, resulting in a better uniform force distribution on the tube segment 1.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, multiple third ball bearings 322 are evenly distributed on both sides of the partition 312, and multiple first ball bearings 308 are evenly distributed on the upper part of the load-bearing plate 307. This structure results in a smaller contact area between the counterweight 302, the load-bearing plate 307, and the partition 312. When the position of the counterweight 302 is changed, the sliding friction is reduced, making it easier to move the counterweight 302 and more convenient to use.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, a first push plate 310 is provided on the top of the counterweight groove 309 on the side of the steel frame 301 closer to the tablet feeder 2, and a second push plate 311 is provided on the top of the counterweight groove 309 on the side of the steel frame 301 farther from the tablet feeder 2. The same side of the first push plate 310 and the second push plate 311 are fixed to the first support seat 318 and the second support seat 319 respectively by two lead screws 325. The same other side of the first push plate 310 and the second push plate 311 are fixed to the two first adjustment seats 317 respectively by an optical shaft 324. A drive head 326 is provided on one side of the lead screw 325. The drive head 326 adopts a hexagonal boss. The height of the first support seat 318 is higher than that of the second support seat 319. This structure allows the two lead screws 325 to have different heights, enabling the drive head 326 to quickly perform actions under the action of an external socket wrench. The positions of the first push plate 310 and the second push plate 311 can be adjusted as needed, and the adjustment is convenient.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the first push plate 310 and the second push plate 311 have the same structure. The first push plate 310 and the second push plate 311 are respectively provided with a third threaded hole 329 and a fourth threaded hole 330 on the same side. The first push plate 310 and the second push plate 311 are respectively provided with a first groove 327 and a second groove 328 on the same other side. Two lead screws 325 are respectively threaded into the third threaded hole 329 and the fourth threaded hole 330. The first push plate 310 and the second push plate 311 are respectively provided with a plurality of second balls 321 on the side away from the tablet feeder 2. This structure allows both the first push plate 310 and the second push plate 311 to adjust the position of the counterweight 302, moving the counterweight 302 away from the tablet feeder 2. With the help of the lead screw 325, after the locking of the optical axis 324 is released, both the first push plate 310 and the second push plate 311 can rotate out of the counterweight groove 309, ensuring the interconnection between the counterweight grooves 309. The counterweight 302 in the counterweight groove 309 near the tablet feeder 2 can be moved to the counterweight groove 309 away from the tablet feeder 2.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the first adjustment seat 317 is provided with a fixing groove 331, one side of the optical axis 324 is located in the fixing groove 331, and the upper part of the first adjustment seat 317 is connected to a first cover plate 332 by screws 333. The first cover plate 332 is provided with a fifth threaded hole 334.

[0052] A second adjusting seat 320 is provided between the two first adjusting seats 317. The axis of the second adjusting seat 320 coincides with the axis of the first adjusting seat 317. The second adjusting seat 320 is provided with a through groove 335. The upper part of the second adjusting seat 320 is connected to a second cover plate 336 by screws 333. The second cover plate 336 is provided with a sixth threaded hole 337. Screws 333 are installed in the fifth threaded hole 334 and the sixth threaded hole 337, respectively. With this structure, by adjusting the position of the screws 333, the optical axis 324 can be fixed in the fixing groove 331 of the first adjusting seat 317 and the through groove 335 of the second adjusting seat 320, thereby limiting the other side of the first push plate 310 and the second push plate 311, respectively. The optical axis 324 plays the role of limiting and guiding.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the outer side of the steel frame 301 is provided with multiple ear plates 315, each ear plate 315 having a through hole 338. A hanger 314 is inserted into the ear plate 315, and a hook 316 is provided on one side of the hanger 314, which is inserted into the through hole 338. The hanger 314 has a cavity 339 for loading the counterweight 302. This structure allows for the rapid and temporary loading of the counterweight 302 as needed. Simultaneously, the hanger 314 extends the force application range of the steel frame 301, and the counterweight 302 can be moved from the counterweight groove 309 into the cavity 339 according to the different conditions of the pipe segments 1 at different locations, thus changing the overall pressure distribution and making it more convenient to use.

[0054] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated counterweight device for preventing shield tail from floating, characterized in that: It includes force application units (5) arranged on both sides of the feeder (2), one side of the force application unit (5) is hinged to the feeder (2), the force application unit (5) includes multiple weight devices (3) arranged along the laying direction of the tube segment (1), the weight device (3) is provided with a load-bearing plate (307) on the lower side, the load-bearing plate (307) is provided with a steel frame (301), the steel frame (301) is provided with multiple counterweight grooves (309), the counterweight grooves (309) are provided with a detachable counterweight (302), the bottom of the load-bearing plate (307) is provided with multiple walking force transmission wheels (305), the walking force transmission wheels (305) are slidably connected to the tube segment (1); Each pair of the aforementioned counterweights (3) are connected by a connecting unit (4), which is connected to the counterweights (3) by a fixing plate (304); The counterweight device (3) has multiple supports (341) arranged in parallel on the side near the tablet feeder (2). The supports (341) are hinged to the tablet feeder (2) through pin supports (303). The outer side of the steel frame (301) is provided with multiple ear plates (315), the ear plates (315) are provided with through holes (338), the ear plates (315) are connected with a bracket (314), the bracket (314) is provided with a hook (316) on one side, the hook (316) is inserted into the through hole (338), the bracket (314) is provided with a cavity (339), the cavity (339) is used to load the counterweight (302).

2. The assembled counterweight device for preventing shield tail from floating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting unit (4) includes a base plate (401), which is fixed on a fixing plate (304). A mounting plate (402) is provided on one side of the base plate (401), and a fixing rod (406) is provided on the mounting plate (402). A threaded rod (418) is provided on one side of the fixing rod (406), and a step (407) is provided between the threaded rod (418) and the fixing rod (406). A docking platform (420) is provided on the threaded rod (418).

3. The assembled counterweight device for preventing shield tail from floating according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting plate (402) is provided with a first through hole (405), and the fixing rod (406) passes through the first through hole (405). The fixing rod (406) is connected to the mounting plate (402) by a nut (417). The mounting plate (402) is symmetrically provided with two second threaded holes (404), and the two second threaded holes (404) are respectively threaded with a first mating post (411) and a second mating post (414). A conical post (413) is provided on one side of the first mating post (411), and a conical hole (416) is provided on one side of the second mating post (414). The size of the conical post (413) and the size of the conical hole (416) are matched. The base plate (401) is also provided with a first threaded hole (403), and a second through hole (408) is provided through the fixing rod (406). A positioning rod (409) is provided inside the second through hole (408), and one side of the positioning rod (409) is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole (403).

4. The assembled counterweight device for preventing shield tail from floating according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple limiting struts (306) are provided between the steel frame (301) and the load-bearing plate (307). A channel (340) is provided on the side farther away from the feeder (2). Multiple slots (313) are provided on the upper part of the steel frame (301). A partition (312) is detachably provided in the slot (313).

5. The assembled counterweight device for preventing shield tail from floating according to claim 4, characterized in that: The partition (312) is provided with a plurality of third balls (322) evenly on both sides, and the upper part of the load-bearing plate (307) is provided with a plurality of first balls (308).

6. The assembled counterweight device for preventing shield tail from floating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel frame (301) has a first push plate (310) on the top of the counterweight groove (309) closer to the tablet feeder (2) and a second push plate (311) on the top of the counterweight groove (309) farther from the tablet feeder (2). The same side of the first push plate (310) and the second push plate (311) are fixed to the first support seat (318) and the second support seat (319) respectively by two screws (325). The same other side of the first push plate (310) and the second push plate (311) is fixed to the two first adjustment seats (317) respectively by an optical axis (324).

7. The assembled counterweight device for preventing shield tail from floating according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first push plate (310) and the second push plate (311) have the same structure. The first push plate (310) and the second push plate (311) are respectively provided with a third threaded hole (329) and a fourth threaded hole (330) on the same side. The first push plate (310) and the second push plate (311) are respectively provided with a first groove (327) and a second groove (328) on the other side. Two lead screws (325) are respectively threaded into the third threaded hole (329) and the fourth threaded hole (330). The first push plate (310) and the second push plate (311) are respectively provided with multiple second balls (321) on the side away from the feeder (2).

8. The assembled counterweight device for preventing shield tail from floating according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first adjustment seat (317) is provided with a fixing groove (331), and one side of the optical axis (324) is located in the fixing groove (331). The upper part of the first adjustment seat (317) is connected to a first cover plate (332) by screws (333), and the first cover plate (332) is provided with a fifth threaded hole (334). A second adjustment seat (320) is provided between the two first adjustment seats (317). The axis of the second adjustment seat (320) coincides with the axis of the first adjustment seat (317). The second adjustment seat (320) is provided with a through groove (335). The upper part of the second adjustment seat (320) is connected to a second cover plate (336) by screws (333). The second cover plate (336) is provided with a sixth threaded hole (337).

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