A regulated load joint system for tunnel steel frames and method of use

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of tunnel steel frame with regulated and controlled bearing joint system and use method, the system includes steel frame bearing joint upper part and steel frame bearing joint lower part, medium sand in the cavity of steel frame bearing joint upper part, multiple spherical stainless steel plates and incompressible medium in the cavity of steel frame bearing joint lower part;Steel frame bearing joint upper part includes with upper part steel frame connection upper fixed plate and is arranged in the first vertical plate of upper fixed plate lower surface and is arranged in the bottom plate of first vertical plate bottom;Steel frame bearing joint lower part includes with lower part steel frame connection lower fixed plate and vertically arranged on second vertical plate of lower fixed plate;Spherical stainless steel plate is used as pressure-bearing unit to make steel frame in preset stable state;Incompressible medium is filled in the cavity of steel frame bearing joint lower part to make steel frame joint system deformation range adjustable;It can solve the problem that existing telescopic steel frame telescopic amount is limited, steel frame limit bearing capacity cannot be controlled, and steel frame cannot be effectively protected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction engineering, and more particularly relates to a regulated bearing joint system for a tunnel steel frame and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for travel, a large number of expressways have been built in various regions of China. Due to the influence of topographic conditions, the smoothness and convenience of expressways often require perfect tunnel construction schemes. In tunnel construction, large deformation of tunnels often occurs, which greatly affects the construction of highway tunnel projects. Large deformation of tunnels increases the safety risk during tunnel construction and is not conducive to the stable operation in the later period.

[0003] The existing technology mainly uses methods such as reserving deformation, enhancing initial support or temporary support, and constructing secondary lining to control the deformation of surrounding rock and improve the self-bearing capacity of surrounding rock in response to large deformation of tunnels. Steel frames are widely used in the response to large deformation of tunnels and are the most effective means of supporting surrounding rock. However, the steel frame joints currently used are mainly rigid connections, which will twist and even shear and fail as the deformation continues to increase after large deformation occurs, greatly reducing the bearing capacity of the initial support. The deformation of surrounding rock cannot be effectively inhibited, and the surrounding rock often deteriorates further. In order to ensure the safety of the tunnel structure and meet the building limit, the initial support can only be removed and rebuilt, causing great safety risks and high construction costs. At the same time, in engineering construction practice, the steel frame joint needs to absorb energy in a large compression stroke under a large load to cooperate with the sinking of the steel frame support. However, due to the limitation of installation space, the size of the steel frame joint is limited, and it must have safety, stability, and durability. However, the existing design has developed a telescopic steel frame, but its telescopic amount is limited, and it cannot effectively control the range of telescopic amount and the ultimate bearing capacity of the steel frame, thereby failing to effectively protect the steel frame.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a regulated bearing joint system for a tunnel steel frame that is telescopic, has a controllable telescopic range, has a large safety margin for ultimate bearing capacity, and is stable and durable to effectively protect the steel frame and the internal support structure of the tunnel. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the above problems or improve the prior art, the present application provides a kind of tunnel steel frame bearing joint system for regulation and control, by being provided with sealed cavity on the upper part of steel frame bearing joint, filling medium sand in the sealed cavity, being provided with the semi-sealed cavity of top opening on the lower part of steel frame bearing joint, multiple spherical stainless steel plates are arranged from bottom to top in the semi-sealed cavity, and incompressible medium is filled;Using spherical stainless steel plate as pressure-bearing unit, the steel frame can be in preset stable state, contact is stable, stress is uniform, and the safety margin of ultimate bearing capacity is large and stable and durable;Incompressible medium is filled in the lower part of steel frame bearing joint, so that the deformation range of the whole steel frame joint system can be regulated and controlled, and safety is good;The natural settlement of tunnel steel frame is realized by the relative displacement of the upper fixed plate of the upper part of the steel frame bearing joint and the lower fixed plate of the lower part of the steel frame bearing joint or the compression of spherical stainless steel plate by the bottom plate of the first vertical plate on the upper part of the steel frame bearing joint and the downward deformation of spherical stainless steel plate, and the volume change value of semi-sealed cavity is calculated accordingly, and the same volume of incompressible medium is filled into semi-sealed cavity, so as to regulate and control the compression stroke of bearing joint and increase the stiffness of compressed tunnel steel frame system;Through the staged yield of spherical stainless steel plate, the compression stiffness gradually increases, which is beneficial to the proper settlement of tunnel steel frame and the final reaching of stable state;The upper fixed plate on the upper part of the steel frame bearing joint and the upper steel frame are connected by bolts, and the lower fixed plate on the lower part of the steel frame bearing joint and the lower steel frame are also connected by bolts, so that the operation is simple, the installation is simple, the telescopic amount of existing telescopic steel frame can be solved, the telescopic amount range cannot be effectively controlled, the ultimate bearing capacity of steel frame cannot be controlled, and the problem that the steel frame cannot be effectively protected is solved.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, one aspect of the present application provides a kind of tunnel steel frame bearing joint system for regulation and control, including steel frame bearing joint upper part and steel frame bearing joint lower part, medium sand in the cavity of the steel frame bearing joint upper part, multiple spherical stainless steel plates and incompressible medium in the cavity of the steel frame bearing joint lower part;Wherein,

[0007] The upper part of the steel frame bearing joint includes upper fixed plate connected with upper steel frame, first vertical plate vertically arranged on the lower surface of the upper fixed plate and bottom plate arranged on the bottom of the first vertical plate;

[0008] The lower part of the steel frame bearing joint includes lower fixed plate connected with lower steel frame and second vertical plate vertically arranged on the upper surface of the lower fixed plate;

[0009] The first vertical plate and the second vertical plate are arranged in parallel and spaced apart;

[0010] Hole structure suitable for the flow of incompressible medium is opened on the spherical stainless steel plate;

[0011] The spherical stainless steel plate serves as a pressure bearing unit, so that the steel frame is in a preset stable state; the required volume value of the incompressible medium filled in the cavity below the steel frame bearing joint is obtained through the natural settlement amount of the tunnel steel frame, and the incompressible medium is filled, so as to regulate the compression stroke of the bearing joint and increase the stiffness of the tunnel steel frame system after compression of the bearing joint, thereby effectively protecting the steel frame.

[0012] Further, the first vertical plate is in a barrel structure;

[0013] The bottom plate is a circular plate matched with the bottom of the first vertical plate;

[0014] The first vertical plate and the bottom plate are integrally formed;

[0015] The upper fixed plate, the first vertical plate and the bottom plate jointly form a fully enclosed first closed cavity;

[0016] The first closed cavity is a cylindrical cavity, and the medium sand is filled in the first closed cavity, so as to enhance the overall stiffness of the steel frame bearing joint upper part while reducing the overall weight of the steel frame bearing joint upper part.

[0017] Further, the second vertical plate is in a barrel structure;

[0018] The outer circle diameter of the first vertical plate is the same as the inner circle diameter of the second vertical plate;

[0019] The second vertical plate and the lower fixed plate jointly form a semi-sealed cavity with an open top, and the semi-sealed cavity is a cylindrical cavity;

[0020] The bottom part of the first vertical plate is embedded in the top part of the second vertical plate;

[0021] The bottom outer circle of the first vertical plate is embedded and matched with the top inner circle part of the second vertical plate;

[0022] The bottom surface of the first vertical plate and the inner side surface of the second vertical plate jointly form a closed second closed cavity.

[0023] Further, the incompressible medium and a plurality of the spherical stainless steel plates are filled in the semi-sealed cavity, so that the deformation range of the steel frame joint system can be regulated.

[0024] Further, a plurality of the spherical stainless steel plates are sequentially arranged from bottom to top in the semi-sealed cavity, so that the steel frame bearing joint upper part and the steel frame bearing joint lower part are in a preset stable state.

[0025] Further, the incompressible medium includes sand and liquid polyurethane.

[0026] Another aspect of the present application provides a method for using a regulated load joint for a tunnel steel frame, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S100: installing a spherical stainless steel plate in a semi-sealed cavity at the lower part of a steel frame load joint;

[0028] S200: calculating and obtaining the volume value of the incompressible medium required to be filled according to the natural settlement amount of the tunnel steel frame;

[0029] S300: filling the incompressible medium into the semi-sealed cavity according to the volume value of the incompressible medium required to be filled obtained in step S200;

[0030] S400: installing the upper part of the steel frame load joint at the top of the semi-sealed cavity filled with the incompressible medium, so that the lower part of the steel frame load joint and the upper part of the steel frame load joint form a steel frame joint as a whole;

[0031] S500: installing the steel frame joint as a whole on the tunnel steel frame, and closing the connection between the lower part of the steel frame load joint and the upper part of the steel frame load joint to close the semi-sealed cavity when the tunnel steel frame reaches a stable state.

[0032] Further, in step S200, the natural settlement amount of the tunnel steel frame includes the relative displacement between the upper fixed plate of the upper part of the steel frame load joint and the lower fixed plate of the lower part of the steel frame load joint, or the deformation compression amount of the spherical stainless steel plate caused by the downward pushing of the bottom of the first vertical plate of the upper part of the steel frame load joint.

[0033] Further, in step S200, the volume value V of the incompressible medium required to be filled is: 介 V 介 = V-V 1， , wherein V1 represents the volume reduction amount of the semi-sealed cavity, and V represents the initial volume of the semi-sealed cavity.

[0034] Further, in step S200, the volume value V of the incompressible medium required to be filled is: 介

[0035] V 介 = V-0.25πd 2 ·h1,

[0036] , wherein V represents the initial volume of the semi-sealed cavity, d represents the internal diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the semi-sealed cavity, and h1 represents the settlement amount of the tunnel steel frame or the deformation compression amount of the spherical stainless steel plate.

[0037] Overall, the above technical solutions conceived by the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:​

[0038] (1) The tunnel steel frame regulating type bearing joint system of the present application is characterized in that a sealed cavity is arranged on the upper part of the steel frame bearing joint, a medium sand is filled in the sealed cavity, a semi-sealed cavity with an open top is arranged on the lower part of the steel frame bearing joint, and a plurality of spherical stainless steel plates are arranged in the semi-sealed cavity from bottom to top and filled with an incompressible medium. The spherical stainless steel plate is used as a pressure-bearing unit, which can make the steel frame in a preset stable state, stable contact, uniform stress, large and stable safety margin of ultimate bearing capacity, and durable. The incompressible medium filled in the lower part of the steel frame bearing joint can regulate the deformation range of the entire steel frame joint system and improve the safety. The present application can solve the problems of the existing telescopic steel frame, such as limited telescopic amount, unable to effectively control the telescopic range, unable to control the ultimate bearing capacity of the steel frame, and unable to effectively protect the steel frame.

[0039] (2) The tunnel steel frame regulating type bearing joint system of the present application is characterized in that the natural settlement amount of the tunnel steel frame is realized by the relative displacement of the upper fixed plate on the upper part of the steel frame bearing joint and the lower fixed plate on the lower part of the steel frame bearing joint or the compression of the spherical stainless steel plate by the bottom plate of the first vertical plate on the upper part of the steel frame bearing joint and the downward deformation of the spherical stainless steel plate, and the volume change value of the semi-sealed cavity is calculated accordingly, and an incompressible medium with the same volume is filled into the semi-sealed cavity, thereby regulating the compression stroke of the bearing joint and increasing the stiffness of the tunnel steel frame system after compression. The staged yielding of the spherical stainless steel plate gradually increases the compression stiffness, which is beneficial to the proper settlement and final stable state of the tunnel steel frame.

[0040] (3) The tunnel steel frame regulating type bearing joint system of the present application is characterized in that the upper fixed plate on the upper part of the steel frame bearing joint is connected with the upper steel frame by bolts, and the lower fixed plate on the lower part of the steel frame bearing joint is connected with the lower steel frame by bolts, which is simple to operate and easy to install. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic diagram of the tunnel steel frame regulating type bearing joint system of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the tunnel steel frame regulating type bearing joint system of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the use method of the tunnel steel frame regulating type bearing joint of the present application;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a stress nephogram of the plastic deformation of the spherical stainless steel plate with compression;

[0045] Figure 5 Deformation cloud of the spherical stainless steel plate with plastic deformation occurring with compression.

[0046] In all the drawings, the same reference signs refer to the same technical features, in particular: 1 - upper part of the steel frame bearing joint, 11 - upper fixed plate, 12 - first vertical plate, 13 - bottom plate, 14 - first closed cavity, 15 - bolt hole, 2 - lower part of the steel frame bearing joint, 21 - lower fixed plate, 22 - second vertical plate, 23 - semi-sealed cavity, 24 - second closed cavity, 3 - medium sand, 4 - spherical stainless steel plate, 5 - incompressible medium. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following further describes the present application with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and should not be used to limit the present application. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0048] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, when an element is referred to as "fixed to", "provided on" or "provided in" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element; the terms "mount", "connect", "connect", "provide" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0050] As Figures 1-5As shown, the present application provides a kind of tunnel steel frame with regulated bearing joint system, including steel frame bearing joint upper part 1 and steel frame bearing joint lower part 2, medium sand 3 in the cavity of the steel frame bearing joint upper part 1, a plurality of spherical stainless steel plate 4 and incompressible medium 5 in the cavity of the steel frame bearing joint lower part 2;The present application can make steel frame in preset stable state by using spherical stainless steel plate as pressure-bearing unit, contact stable, stress uniform, large and stable endurance of ultimate bearing capacity safety margin;The volume value of the required filling incompressible medium 5 in the cavity of the steel frame bearing joint lower part 2 is obtained by the natural settlement of tunnel steel frame, and filling is carried out, to regulate the compression stroke of bearing joint and increase the stiffness of tunnel steel frame system after compression of bearing joint, thereby effectively protecting the steel frame, and good safety;It can solve the problems of existing telescopic steel frame telescopic amount limit, cannot effectively control the range of telescopic amount, also cannot control the ultimate bearing capacity of steel frame and then cannot effectively protect the steel frame.

[0051] Further, as shown in Figure 1 And Figure 2 The steel frame bearing joint upper part 1 includes upper fixed plate 11 connected with upper steel frame, first vertical plate 12 vertically arranged on the lower surface of the upper fixed plate 11 and bottom plate 13 arranged at the bottom of the first vertical plate 12;The first vertical plate 12 is barrel-shaped structure;The bottom plate 13 is a round plate matched with the bottom of the first vertical plate 12;The first vertical plate 12 and the bottom plate 13 are integrally formed;The upper fixed plate 11, the first vertical plate 12 and the bottom plate 13 jointly form the first closed cavity 14;The first closed cavity 14 is cylindrical cavity, the medium sand 3 is filled in the first closed cavity 14, which enhances the overall stiffness of steel frame bearing joint upper part 1 while reducing the overall weight of steel frame bearing joint upper part 1;A plurality of bolt holes 15 are arranged on the upper fixed plate 11 of the steel frame bearing joint upper part 1, for bolt connection between upper steel frame;A plurality of bolt holes 15 are also arranged on the lower fixed plate 21 of the steel frame bearing joint lower part 2, for bolt connection between lower steel frame, simple operation, easy to assemble and disassemble.

[0052] Further, as shown in Figure 1 And Figure 2As shown, the lower part 2 of the steel frame bearing joint comprises a lower fixed plate 21 connected with the lower steel frame and a second vertical plate 22 vertically arranged on the upper surface of the lower fixed plate 21, the second vertical plate 22 is a barrel-shaped structure; the outer circle diameter of the first vertical plate 12 is the same as the inner circle diameter of the second vertical plate 22; the second vertical plate 22 and the lower fixed plate 21 jointly form a semi-sealed cavity 23 with an open top; the bottom outer circle of the first vertical plate 12 is partially embedded and arranged in close contact with the top inner circle of the second vertical plate 22; the bottom surface of the first vertical plate 12 and the inner side surface of the second vertical plate 22 jointly form a closed second closed cavity 24; the non-compressible medium 5 and a plurality of spherical stainless steel plates 4 are filled in the semi-sealed cavity 23; the non-compressible medium 5 comprises sand and liquid polyurethane; the first vertical plate 12 and the second vertical plate 22 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart; the semi-sealed cavity 23 in the lower part 2 of the steel frame bearing joint is filled with non-compressible medium, so that the deformation range of the steel frame joint system can be adjusted and controlled, and the safety is good.

[0053] Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a plurality of spherical stainless steel plates 4 are arranged in the semi-sealed cavity 23 from bottom to top in turn, which are respectively first steel plate, second steel plate, third steel plate, fourth steel plate, etc., both ends of the first steel plate are located at the opposite two included angles formed by the second vertical plate 22 and the lower fixed plate 21, and the spherical top of the first steel plate is arranged upward; the spherical top of the second steel plate is arranged downward and in close contact with the spherical top of the first steel plate; the third steel plate is arranged in the same direction as the first steel plate, and both ends of the third steel plate are arranged in close contact with both ends of the second steel plate; the fourth steel plate is arranged in the same direction as the second steel plate, and the spherical top of the fourth steel plate is arranged in close contact with the spherical top of the third steel plate, and so on; the present application uses a plurality of spherical stainless steel plates arranged in turn from bottom to top as pressure-bearing units, which can make the upper and lower steel frames in a preset stable state, the contact is stable, the stress is uniform, the safety margin of the ultimate bearing capacity is large and stable and durable; the number of spherical stainless steel plates is determined according to actual needs; according to actual needs, small holes suitable for the flow of the non-compressible medium 5 are opened on the spherical stainless steel plate 4 to effectively protect the steel frame and increase the system stability and safety.

[0054] As shown in Figure 3 , the present application provides a method for using the regulated bearing joint for tunnel steel frame, which comprises the following steps:

[0055] S100: installing a spherical stainless steel plate 4 in the semi-sealed cavity 23 of the lower part 2 of the steel frame bearing joint;

[0056] S200: Calculate and obtain the required volume of incompressible medium 5 based on the natural settlement of the tunnel steel frame; the compression of the steel frame bearing joint is mainly achieved by the relative displacement between the upper and lower fixed plates, or by the compression of the spherical stainless steel plate 4 by the bottom of the first vertical plate 12 on the upper part 1 of the steel frame bearing joint, which pushes the spherical stainless steel plate 4 downward to generate deformation. During this process, the volume of the semi-sealed cavity 23 decreases; according to Scheme 1: assuming the volume reduction of the semi-sealed cavity 23 is V1, if the initial volume is V, then the required volume of incompressible medium V 介 For: V 介 =V-V1; According to Scheme 2: If the settlement of the tunnel steel frame is h1, then the deformation and compression of the spherical stainless steel plate of the steel frame joint is also h1; The internal diameter of the cylinder of the semi-sealed cavity 23 is a fixed value d, then the required volume value V of the incompressible medium is... 介 For: V 介 =V-0.25πd 2 ·h1;

[0057] S300: Fill the semi-sealed cavity 23 with the incompressible medium 5 according to the volume value of the incompressible medium 5 to be filled obtained in step S200;

[0058] S400: Install the upper part 1 of the steel frame bearing joint on the top of the semi-sealed cavity 23 filled with the incompressible medium 5, so that the lower part 2 of the steel frame bearing joint and the upper part 1 of the steel frame bearing joint form a whole steel frame joint.

[0059] S500: Install the steel frame joint as a whole onto the tunnel steel frame. Once the tunnel steel frame reaches a stable state, seal the connection between the lower part 2 of the steel frame bearing joint and the upper part 1 of the steel frame bearing joint to seal the semi-sealed cavity 23.

[0060] The working principle of the tunnel steel frame regulating type bearing joint system provided by the application is as follows: a sealed cavity is arranged on the upper part 1 of the steel frame bearing joint, a medium sand is filled in the sealed cavity, a semi-sealed cavity with an open top is arranged on the lower part 2 of the steel frame bearing joint, and a plurality of spherical stainless steel plates are arranged in the semi-sealed cavity from bottom to top and filled with an incompressible medium; the spherical stainless steel plate is used as a pressure bearing unit, so that the steel frame is in a preset stable state, the contact is stable, the stress is uniform, the safety margin of the ultimate bearing capacity is large and stable and durable; the incompressible medium 5 is filled in the lower part 2 of the steel frame bearing joint, so that the deformation range of the whole steel frame joint system can be regulated and controlled, and the safety is good; the natural settlement amount of the tunnel steel frame is embodied by the relative displacement of the upper fixed plate 11 of the upper part 1 of the steel frame bearing joint and the lower fixed plate 21 of the lower part 2 of the steel frame bearing joint or the compression of the spherical stainless steel plate 4 by the bottom plate 13 of the first vertical plate 12 on the upper part 1 of the steel frame bearing joint and the downward deformation of the spherical stainless steel plate 4, and the volume change value of the semi-sealed cavity 23 is calculated accordingly, and an incompressible medium 5 with the same volume is filled into the semi-sealed cavity 23, so as to regulate the compression stroke of the bearing joint and increase the stiffness of the tunnel steel frame system after compression; the compression stiffness gradually increases through the staged yielding of the spherical stainless steel plate, which is beneficial to the proper settlement of the tunnel steel frame and the final reaching of a stable state; the upper part of the steel frame bearing joint and the upper steel frame are connected by bolts, and the lower part of the steel frame bearing joint and the lower steel frame are also connected by bolts, so that the operation is simple, the installation and removal are easy, the limitations of the existing telescopic steel frame can be solved, the range of the telescopic amount cannot be effectively controlled, the ultimate bearing capacity of the steel frame cannot be controlled, and the steel frame cannot be effectively protected.

[0061] In addition, in order to verify the compression resistance and plastic deformation performance of the spherical stainless steel plate used in the application, a lower rigid plate is fixed on a plane, a spherical stainless steel plate protruding upward is fixed on the lower rigid plate, and an upper rigid plate is fixed on the top of the spherical stainless steel plate, so that the upper rigid plate vertically and uniformly downwardly displaces to compress the stainless steel plate; the deformation cloud diagram and the stress cloud diagram correspond to each other, and the position with the largest deformation is the region where plastic deformation occurs (as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 ); the deformation in the compression process corresponds to the stress, and the plastic strain also corresponds to the stress; it can be known from the above stress change diagram that, with the compression, the place where the spherical stainless steel plate contacts the upper steel plate starts to have plastic deformation from the inner circle of the spherical stainless steel plate, and continuously spreads to the outer circle, and finally most regions of the whole spherical stainless steel plate have plastic deformation; the spherical stainless steel plate of the application meets the basic compression resistance requirements of tunnel construction.

[0062] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of using a regulated load joint for a tunnel steel frame, characterized in that, The application relates to a tunnel steel frame regulating type bearing joint system, and relates to the field of tunnel steel frame bearing joint systems. S100: installing a spherical stainless steel plate (4) in a semi-sealed cavity (23) of a lower part (2) of a steel frame bearing joint; S200: calculating and obtaining a volume value of a required incompressible medium (5) according to a natural settlement amount of a tunnel steel frame; S300: filling the incompressible medium (5) into the semi-sealed cavity (23) according to the volume value of the required incompressible medium (5) obtained in the step S200; S400: installing an upper part (1) of the steel frame bearing joint on the top of the semi-sealed cavity (23) filled with the incompressible medium (5), so that the lower part (2) of the steel frame bearing joint and the upper part (1) of the steel frame bearing joint form a steel frame joint whole; S500: installing the steel frame joint whole on the tunnel steel frame, and closing the connection between the lower part (2) of the steel frame bearing joint and the upper part (1) of the steel frame bearing joint to close the semi-sealed cavity (23) when the tunnel steel frame reaches a stable state; The tunnel steel frame regulating type bearing joint system comprises an upper part (1) of a steel frame bearing joint and a lower part (2) of the steel frame bearing joint, a medium sand (3) arranged in a cavity of the upper part (1) of the steel frame bearing joint, a plurality of spherical stainless steel plates (4) arranged in a cavity of the lower part (2) of the steel frame bearing joint and an incompressible medium (5); wherein The upper part (1) of the steel frame bearing joint comprises an upper fixed plate (11) connected with an upper part of a steel frame, a first vertical plate (12) vertically arranged on the lower surface of the upper fixed plate (11) and a bottom plate (13) arranged at the bottom of the first vertical plate (12); The lower part (2) of the steel frame bearing joint comprises a lower fixed plate (21) connected with a lower part of a steel frame and a second vertical plate (22) vertically arranged on the upper surface of the lower fixed plate (21); The first vertical plate (12) and the second vertical plate (22) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart; The spherical stainless steel plate (4) is provided with a hole structure suitable for the flow of the incompressible medium (5); The spherical stainless steel plate (4) serves as a pressure-bearing unit, the steel frame is in a preset stable state, the volume value of the incompressible medium (5) required to be filled in the cavity of the lower part (2) of the steel frame bearing joint is obtained according to the natural settlement amount of the tunnel steel frame, and the incompressible medium (5) is filled, so that the compression stroke of the bearing joint is regulated, the rigidity of the tunnel steel frame system after compression of the bearing joint is increased, and the steel frame is effectively protected.

2. The method of using a regulated load joint for a tunnel steel frame according to claim 1, wherein: The first vertical plate (12) is in a barrel-shaped structure; The bottom plate (13) is a circular plate matched with the bottom of the first vertical plate (12); The first vertical plate (12) and the bottom plate (13) are integrally formed; The upper fixed plate (11), the first vertical plate (12) and the bottom plate (13) jointly form a fully-closed first closed cavity (14); The first closed cavity (14) is a cylindrical cavity, the medium sand (3) is filled in the first closed cavity (14), the overall rigidity of the upper part (1) of the steel frame bearing joint is enhanced, and the overall weight of the upper part (1) of the steel frame bearing joint is reduced.

3. The method of using a regulated load joint for a tunnel steel frame according to claim 2, wherein: The second vertical plate (22) is a barrel-shaped structure. The outer circle diameter of the first vertical plate (12) is the same as the inner circle diameter of the second vertical plate (22). The second vertical plate (22) and the lower fixed plate (21) jointly form a top-opened semi-sealed cavity (23), which is a cylindrical cavity. The bottom part of the first vertical plate (12) is embedded in the top part of the second vertical plate (22). The bottom outer circle of the first vertical plate (12) is embedded and matched with the top inner circle part of the second vertical plate (22). The bottom surface of the first vertical plate (12) and the inner side surface of the second vertical plate (22) jointly form a closed second closed cavity (24).

4. The method of using a regulated load joint for a tunnel steel frame according to claim 3, wherein: The incompressible medium (5) and a plurality of spherical stainless steel plates (4) are filled in the semi-sealed cavity (23), so that the deformation range of the steel frame joint system can be adjusted and controlled.

5. The method of using a regulated load joint for a tunnel steel frame according to claim 4, wherein: The plurality of spherical stainless steel plates (4) are sequentially arranged from bottom to top in the semi-sealed cavity (23), so that the upper part (1) and the lower part (2) of the steel frame bearing joint are in a preset stable state.

6. The method of using a regulated load joint for a tunnel steel frame according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: The incompressible medium (5) includes sand and liquid polyurethane.

7. The method of using a regulated load joint for a tunnel steel frame according to claim 1, wherein, In step S200, the natural settlement amount of the tunnel steel frame includes the relative displacement of the upper fixed plate (11) of the upper part (1) of the steel frame bearing joint and the lower fixed plate (21) of the lower part (2) of the steel frame bearing joint, or the deformation compression amount of the spherical stainless steel plate caused by the downward pushing of the bottom part of the first vertical plate (12) of the upper part (1) of the steel frame bearing joint.

8. The method of using a regulated load joint for a tunnel steel frame according to claim 7, wherein, The volume value of the incompressible medium (5) to be filled in step S200 is: wherein Vi represents the volume reduction of the semi-hermetic cavity (23) and V represents the initial volume of the semi-hermetic cavity (23).

9. The method of using a regulated load joint for a tunnel steel frame according to claim 7, wherein, The volume value of the incompressible medium (5) to be filled in step S200 is: ， Wherein, V represents the initial volume of the semi-sealed cavity (23), d represents the internal diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the semi-sealed cavity (23), and h1 represents the settlement amount of the tunnel steel frame or the deformation compression amount of the spherical stainless steel plate.

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