Multi-energy integrated management energy router and control method with hydrogen energy storage

Abstract

This invention provides a multi-energy integrated management energy router and control method incorporating hydrogen energy storage, relating to the fields of new energy and microgrid power conversion technology. The router includes a three-phase PWM rectifier unit, a bidirectional DC-DC converter unit, a single-phase DC-AC converter unit, a photovoltaic Boost-type multi-level DC / DC converter unit, a VSC converter unit, a battery energy storage interleaved parallel Boost / Buck multi-level DC / DC converter unit, a wind turbine multi-level inverter unit, an alkaline electrolyzer self-current sharing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit, a fuel cell Boost converter unit, a water circulation pump Buck converter unit, a hydrogen energy storage system, a medium-voltage DC bus, and a low-voltage DC bus. When the output power of the wind turbine and the photovoltaic power generation system exceeds the load power, excess electrical energy is converted into hydrogen through water electrolysis and stored in the hydrogen energy storage system. When the output power is less than the load power, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell uses hydrogen to generate electricity, feeding back the electricity to the load unit or the power distribution network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy and microgrid power conversion technology, and in particular to a multi-energy integrated management energy router and control method with hydrogen energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional energy routers are based on solid-state transformers, have a single operating mode, and low energy conversion efficiency. Furthermore, due to the random and unpredictable nature of renewable energy generation, energy routers are typically connected to energy storage devices. Traditional energy storage devices mainly include lead-acid batteries and supercapacitors, which have drawbacks such as low energy density, low capacity, short lifespan, high cost, and difficult maintenance. In addition, discarded lead-acid batteries pollute the environment, which is inconsistent with the current national advocacy of green development.

[0003] Currently, the primary method for utilizing distributed energy is through grid connection via energy routers. Traditional energy routers, centered on solid-state transformers, have a single operating mode and low energy conversion efficiency. Furthermore, due to the random and unpredictable nature of renewable energy generation, energy routers typically connect to energy storage devices. Traditional energy storage devices mainly include lead-acid batteries and supercapacitors, which suffer from drawbacks such as low energy density, low capacity, short lifespan, high cost, and difficult maintenance. In addition, discarded lead-acid batteries pollute the environment. Traditional energy router power allocation algorithms do not adequately consider the battery's state of charge (SOC), resulting in a high probability of overcharging and over-discharging, severely impacting the lifespan of the energy storage devices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a multi-energy integrated management energy router and control method with hydrogen energy storage, which enables the energy router to adaptively switch between multiple working modes according to its internal power reserve, dynamically adjust the internal power according to the load, and make the SOC state approach a reasonable range by reasonably adjusting the SOH state of the hydrogen energy storage module, thereby avoiding the lithium battery pack from working in an overcharged or over-discharged state.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: On the one hand, the present invention provides a multi-energy integrated management energy router with hydrogen energy storage, including a three-phase PWM rectifier unit, a bidirectional DC-DC converter unit, a single-phase DC-AC converter unit, a photovoltaic Boost type multi-level DC / DC converter unit, a VSC converter unit, a battery energy storage interleaved parallel Boost / Buck multi-level DC / DC converter unit, a wind turbine multi-level inverter unit, an alkaline electrolyzer self-current sharing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit, a fuel cell Boost converter unit, a water circulation pump Buck converter unit, a hydrogen energy storage system, a medium-voltage DC bus and a low-voltage DC bus;

[0006] The input of the three-phase PWM rectifier unit is connected to the medium-voltage power distribution network, and its output is connected to the input of the bidirectional DC-DC converter unit via the medium-voltage DC bus. The output of the bidirectional DC-DC converter unit is connected to the low-voltage DC bus. The input of the single-phase DC-AC converter unit is connected to the low-voltage DC bus, and its output is connected to the AC charging pile. The output of the photovoltaic Boost-type multi-level DC / DC converter unit is connected to the low-voltage DC bus, and its input is connected to the photovoltaic sequence. The input of the wind turbine multi-level inverter unit is connected to the wind turbine generator, and its output is connected to the medium-voltage DC bus. The input of the VSC converter unit is connected to the AC charging pile, and its output is connected to the low-voltage DC bus. The battery energy storage interleaved parallel Boost / Buck converter unit... The input of the multi-level DC / DC converter unit is connected to the lithium battery energy storage system, and the output is connected to the medium-voltage DC bus. The input of the alkaline electrolyzer self-current sharing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit is connected to the medium-voltage DC bus, and the output is connected to the alkaline electrolyzer. The input of the fuel cell Boost converter unit is connected to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the output is connected to the low-voltage DC bus. The input of the water circulation pump Buck converter unit is connected to the low-voltage DC bus, and the output is connected to the DC water circulation pump, which provides the water circulation power between the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the alkaline electrolyzer. The inlet port of the hydrogen energy storage system is connected to the hydrogen output port of the alkaline electrolyzer, and the outlet port is connected to the hydrogen inlet port of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

[0007] Preferably, the multi-energy integrated management energy router containing electric / hydrogen composite energy storage adaptively switches between multiple operating modes based on its internal power surplus. When the output power of the wind turbine and the photovoltaic power generation system is greater than the load power, the excess electrical energy is converted into hydrogen through water electrolysis and stored in the hydrogen energy storage system. When the output power of the wind turbine and the photovoltaic power generation system is less than the load power, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell uses hydrogen to generate electricity and feeds the electricity back to the load unit or the power distribution network. The hydrogen energy storage system and the lithium battery energy storage system together constitute an electric / hydrogen composite energy storage system.

[0008] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a control method for a multi-energy integrated management energy router containing electro-hydrogen energy storage, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Power allocation of the multi-energy integrated management energy router is performed using a fuzzy logic controller;

[0010] Based on the two scenarios of excess and insufficient differential power within the energy router, the fuzzy logic controller is divided into an AE-FLC module and an FC-FLC module. The AE-FLC module is activated when there is excess differential power within the energy router, and is used to optimize the power allocation during charging of the alkaline electrolyzer and the lithium battery energy storage system. The FC-FLC module is activated when there is insufficient differential power within the energy router, and is used to optimize and allocate the power generation of the lithium battery and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell in the lithium battery energy storage system. The inputs of the fuzzy logic controller are the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery and the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage unit, and the output is the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system. bf A hysteresis loop is added to the fuzzy logic controller, with the hysteresis width L designed to be log2. α(δ) α(δ) represents the internal differential power P of the energy router. net The minimum noise function of actual parameters and error variables;

[0011] The internal differential power of the energy router is shown in the following formula:

[0012] P net =β(P w +P pv -P L )

[0013] Among them, P w P represents the output power of the wind turbine generator set. pv P represents the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system. L β is the load power; β is the differential power compensation coefficient of the energy router.

[0014] When P netWhen P > 0, the energy router has excess power, requiring hydrogen production from the alkaline electrolyzer and charging of the lithium battery energy storage system to maintain power balance; when P net When P < 0, the power within the energy router is insufficient, requiring the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to generate electricity and the lithium battery energy storage system to discharge to maintain power balance; when P net When the value is greater than 0, the lithium battery state of charge (SOC) and the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage unit are input into the AE-FLC module to obtain the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system. bf ; and the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system bf The power difference P between the internal power of the energy router net Multiplying them together yields the energy storage power reference value P. ref Add a limiting step to prevent power overruns; adjust the internal differential power P of the energy router. net Subtract the energy storage power reference value P ref Obtain the power reference value P when there is excess differential power inside the energy router. aeref Because the power inside the energy router is excessive, the power reference value P when the internal power difference of the energy router is insufficient is... fcref It is zero; when P net When the value is less than 0, the lithium battery state of charge (SOC) and the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage unit are input into the FC-FLC module to obtain the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system. bf , and combined with P net Determine P fcref At this time, the power reference value P when the internal differential power of the energy router is excessive aeref It is zero;

[0015] In the fuzzy logic controller, the universe of discourse for both input and output variables is defined as [0,1]. The universe of discourse is divided into three subsets, {PS,PM,PB}, representing {small, medium, and large}. The input and output variables are transformed using a triangular membership function. When there is excess power in the multi-energy integrated management energy router device, the SOC of the lithium battery and the SOH of the hydrogen energy storage system are detected.

[0016] SOC, SOH and k bf Within the domain [0,1] marked by a unit, when P net When the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system is >0, bf Obtained from the AE-FLC module;

[0017] Constructing the power allocation factor k of a lithium battery energy storage system bf The output state fuzzy function, if k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] k bf =PM

[0020] At this point, it indicates that the lithium battery energy storage system and the alkaline electrolyzer jointly bear the excess power;

[0021] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] k bf =PB

[0024] At this point, the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage system is close to its upper limit, and the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is close to its lower limit. Therefore, the charging power of the lithium battery energy storage system is higher than that of the hydrogen energy storage system when it is not close to its upper limit.

[0025] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] k bf =PS

[0028] At this point, the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage system is close to the lower limit, while the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is close to the upper limit. Therefore, the alkaline electrolyzer increases its power to produce hydrogen.

[0029] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0030]

[0031] k bf =PS

[0032] At this time, the alkaline electrolyzer will increase hydrogen production power and increase hydrogen storage capacity;

[0033] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0034]

[0035] k bf =PB

[0036] At this time, the alkaline electrolyzer will reduce the hydrogen production power to avoid a rapid increase in pressure in the hydrogen energy storage system;

[0037] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] k bf =PB

[0040] At this time, the energy storage system will increase the charging power, quickly increase the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery, and prevent the lithium battery from working in the over-discharge region.

[0041] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0042]

[0043] k bf =PS

[0044] At this time, the lithium battery energy storage system will reduce the charging power, slow down the rise of the lithium battery's state of charge (SOC), and prevent the lithium battery from working in the deep charging region.

[0045] When P net When <0, the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system bf Obtained from the FC-FLC module, construct K bf Output state fuzzy function, if k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0046]

[0047] k bf =PM

[0048] At this point, the lithium battery energy storage system and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell work together to provide the power required by the energy router;

[0049] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] k bf =PS

[0052] At this point, the hydrogen energy storage system is close to its upper limit, while the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is close to its lower limit. Therefore, the discharge power of the fuel cell is higher than that of the hydrogen energy storage system when it is not close to its upper limit.

[0053] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] k bf =PB

[0056] At this point, the hydrogen energy storage system is close to its lower limit, while the lithium battery's state of charge (SOC) is close to its upper limit. Therefore, the discharge power of the lithium battery energy storage system is higher than that of the hydrogen energy storage system when it is not close to its lower limit.

[0057] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] k bf =PB

[0060] At this point, the fuel cell will reduce its discharge power to prevent the hydrogen energy storage system capacity from quickly reaching its lower limit.

[0061] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] k bf =PS

[0064] At this point, the fuel cell will increase its discharge power to prevent the hydrogen storage system pressure from being in the upper limit region;

[0065] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] k bf =PS

[0068] At this time, the lithium battery energy storage system will reduce the discharge power to prevent the lithium battery state of charge (SOC) from quickly reaching the lower limit and to avoid the lithium battery from working in the deep discharge region for a long time.

[0069] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0070]

[0071] k bf =PB

[0072] At this time, the lithium battery energy storage system will increase the discharge power, and the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery will drop rapidly, avoiding the lithium battery from working in the deep charging area for a long time.

[0073] Step 2: The upper-layer system of the multi-energy integrated management type energy router collects the distribution network voltage Up and the DC bus voltage U. dc Wind turbine output power P w The output power P of the photovoltaic power generation systempv Load power P L The operating state set is composed of the SOC of the lithium battery energy storage system and the SOH of the hydrogen energy storage system. Based on the current operating state set, the power command of the electric / hydrogen composite energy storage system, the theoretical voltage value of the alkaline electrolyzer, the hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer, and the hydrogen state of the hydrogen energy storage system are calculated. This enables the energy router to operate in one of the following basic operating modes: grid-connected operation mode, off-grid operation mode, distribution network dispatching power absorption mode, distribution network dispatching power supply mode, system protection mode, and system shutdown mode.

[0074] (1) The power reference value P when the internal differential power of the energy router is insufficient. fcref The power reference value P when there is excess power difference acref The power command for the electric / hydrogen hybrid energy storage system is shown in the following formula:

[0075] P aeref =β*(P net -P ref )

[0076] P fcref =0

[0077] or

[0078] P fcref =β*(P net -P ref )

[0079] P aeref =0

[0080] (2) Collect the output voltage U of the self-current equalizing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit of the alkaline electrolyzer. cellref The difference between this difference and the theoretical voltage value of the alkaline electrolyzer is calculated, and then the ratio ΔU / U of this difference to the theoretical voltage value of the alkaline electrolyzer is obtained. cell Where, ΔU=U cellref -U cell U is the absolute value of the difference between the actual output voltage and the theoretical output voltage. cell The theoretical voltage value for the alkaline electrolyzer is given by the following formula:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, U rev R is the voltage of the reversible cell in the alkaline electrolyzer, and r1 and r2 are the ohmic resistance parameters of the electrolyte; T ae The temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer; A cell I represents the area of ​​the electrolysis module in the alkaline electrolyzer; aeU represents the current in the alkaline electrolytic cell; s1, s2, s3, t1, t2, and t3 are all electrode overvoltage coefficients; U ae This is the actual voltage of the alkaline electrolytic cell;

[0083] (3) The fuzzy logic controller controls the output voltage of the self-current-equalizing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit of the alkaline electrolyzer. The hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer responds dynamically in real time according to the fuzzy rules, and the response equation is:

[0084]

[0085] Where, U1(t) is the time-varying function of the output voltage of the self-current-equalizing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit in the alkaline electrolyzer; U2(t) is the time-varying function of the electrode voltage in the alkaline electrolyzer; T(t) is the temperature variation function of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolyzer; T0 is the initial temperature of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolyzer; K bf η is the output factor of the membership function; F The hydrogen production rate of an alkaline electrolyzer is expressed as:

[0086]

[0087] Where z is the number of electrons reacted in each reaction of the basic electrolyzer; F is the Faraday constant; and a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, and a6 are all Faraday efficiency coefficients.

[0088] (4) Hydrogen demand rate of constructing proton exchange membrane fuel cells With membership function output factor K bf The optimal control function:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, i fc For the output current of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, N fc This refers to the number of individual fuel cells;

[0091] Define the pressure P of the hydrogen energy storage system. s for:

[0092]

[0093] Among them, T s V represents the temperature of the hydrogen energy storage system. s R represents the volume of the hydrogen energy storage system. s The gas constant is... This represents the molar mass number of hydrogen gas.

[0094] Define the hydrogen state S of a hydrogen energy storage system SOH for:

[0095]

[0096] Among them, P smax This is the upper pressure limit for hydrogen energy storage systems;

[0097] Step 3: Determine the control mode of the wind turbine based on the upper-level system control instructions of the multi-energy integrated management energy router;

[0098] Step 3.1: Select the initial value of the wind turbine's rotational speed, the reference rotational speed, and the disturbance step size, and calculate the output power of the wind turbine.

[0099] Step 3.2: Determine whether the wind turbine speed change exceeds the speed change threshold Δω under a certain step length. min If yes, proceed to step 3.3; otherwise, set the difference in wind turbine speed Δω within one step size. k+1 =0;

[0100] Step 3.3: Calculate the difference in wind turbine speed Δω under one step size. k+1 =Δp k / Δω k ; where Δω k Δp represents the increment of the horizontal axis on the pw curve of the wind power generation system. k Let Δω be the increment of the x-axis on the pw curve. k The corresponding increment of the ordinate;

[0101] Step 3.4: Calculate the wind turbine rotational speed ω in step k+1. k+1 =ω k +Δω k+1 ;

[0102] Step 3.5: Repeat steps 3.2 to 3.4 until the maximum power output point of the wind turbine is found; at this point, the wind turbine speed is the optimal speed command ω. rmref ;

[0103] Step 3.6, Optimal speed command ω for wind turbine unit rmref A modulation signal is generated by dual closed-loop control of speed and current, and then a drive pulse is obtained by SPWM modulation.

[0104] Step 3.7: When the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the state of charge (S max At that time, SOC max To achieve the maximum permissible SOC of the lithium battery, a modulation signal is generated using an outer loop of DC bus voltage and an inner loop of current control. To avoid deep discharge of the lithium battery, the wind turbine will switch from MPPT mode to CV control mode to achieve reduced power operation.

[0105] Step 3.8: When the wind speed of the wind turbine is less than the cut-in wind speed or greater than the cut-out wind speed, the wind turbine will operate in standby mode.

[0106] Step 4: Determine the control mode of the photovoltaic power generation system based on the upper-level system control instructions of the multi-energy integrated management type energy router;

[0107] Step 4.1: During the daytime, the photovoltaic power generation system uses the perturbation observation method to obtain the optimal voltage value U from the photovoltaic array voltage and current. dcref ;

[0108] Step 4.2: Calculate the optimal voltage value U. dcref The duty cycle d is obtained by performing voltage closed-loop control. b ;

[0109] Step 4.3: When the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the state of charge (SOC) max When the system is in operation, the photovoltaic power generation system will switch from MPPT mode to CV control to achieve reduced power operation. CV control uses voltage outer loop control and current inner loop control to generate duty cycle dpv. At night or on cloudy days, the photovoltaic power generation system will be in standby mode.

[0110] Step 5: Determine the control mode of the lithium battery energy storage system based on the upper-level system control instructions of the multi-energy integrated management energy router;

[0111] Step 5.1: When the multi-energy integrated management type energy router device is operating in islanded mode, the lithium battery energy storage system, as the main control unit, uses CV control to maintain DC voltage stability. CV control includes DC voltage outer loop control and current inner loop control. The current inner loop control generates the duty cycle d. b ;

[0112] Step 5.2: When the lithium battery energy storage system reaches its rated power, it switches from CV mode to CP mode. In CP mode, the current reference value is calculated based on the rated power and the lithium battery terminal voltage, and then current closed-loop control is performed to generate the duty cycle d. b ;

[0113] Step 5.3: When the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the state of charge (SOC) max In order to avoid deep charging, the lithium battery energy storage system will operate in standby mode.

[0114] Step 6: Determine the control mode of the alkaline electrolyzer and fuel cell power generation system based on the upper-level system control instructions of the multi-energy integrated management type energy router;

[0115] Step 6.1, when the internal differential power P of the energy router net When the temperature is ≥0, the alkaline electrolyzer is working to produce hydrogen, and the fuel cell power generation system is in standby mode.

[0116] Step 6.2, when the internal differential power P of the energy router net When the value is ≤0, the fuel cell power generation system starts discharging, and the alkaline electrolyzer is in standby mode;

[0117] Step 6.3: The CP control command for the alkaline electrolyzer and fuel cell power generation system is generated by a fuzzy power allocation algorithm. Upon receiving the CP control command, the alkaline electrolyzer and fuel cell power generation system obtain the current command i when the differential power inside the energy router is insufficient or excessive, based on the terminal voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer or fuel cell. aeref or i fcref ;

[0118] Step 6.4, issue current command i aeref or i fcref Current closed-loop control is performed to generate the duty cycle signal d ae or d fc ;

[0119] Step 6.5: Detect the pressure P of the hydrogen energy storage system. s When the hydrogen energy storage system pressure P s ≥P smax At that time, P smax When the pressure reaches the maximum withstand pressure of the hydrogen energy storage system, it indicates that the system is full, and the alkaline electrolyzer will switch to standby mode. When the pressure P of the hydrogen energy storage system reaches its maximum withstand pressure, it indicates that the system is full, and the alkaline electrolyzer will switch to standby mode. s ≤P smin At that time, P smax This is the minimum pressure that the hydrogen energy storage system can withstand. It indicates that there is not enough hydrogen in the hydrogen energy storage system, and at this time the fuel cell power generation system will switch to standby mode.

[0120] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: This invention provides a multi-energy integrated management energy router with electro-hydrogen energy storage. This energy router can adaptively switch between multiple operating modes according to its internal power surplus. When there is excess internal power, the excess electrical energy is converted into hydrogen through water electrolysis and stored in the hydrogen energy storage system; when there is insufficient internal power, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell uses hydrogen to generate electricity and feeds it to the load unit or power distribution network. The hydrogen energy storage system and the lithium battery energy storage system together constitute an electro-hydrogen composite energy storage system. Compared with traditional lead-acid battery energy storage, the electro-hydrogen composite energy storage system has a higher energy density and better dynamic response performance. In addition, the energy router can dynamically adjust its internal power according to the load conditions. By reasonably adjusting the SOH state of the hydrogen energy storage system, the SOC state of the lithium battery is brought closer to a reasonable range, avoiding the lithium battery energy storage system from operating in an overcharged or over-discharged state. Under the premise of meeting the normal operation of the multi-energy integrated management energy router, the service life of the lithium battery can be effectively extended. Attached Figure Description

[0121] Figure 1 This is a circuit topology diagram of a multi-energy integrated management energy router with electro-hydrogen energy storage provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0122] Figure 2 This is an internal energy flow diagram of a multi-energy integrated management energy router with electro-hydrogen energy storage provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0123] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a multi-energy integrated management energy router with electro-hydrogen energy storage provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0124] Figure 4 A three-layer distributed control diagram of a multi-energy integrated management energy router with electro-hydrogen energy storage provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0125] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the operation of a multi-energy integrated management energy router incorporating electro-hydrogen energy storage, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0126] Figure 6 A flowchart of the fuzzy control algorithm provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0127] Figure 7 An optimized control block diagram of a wind turbine power generation system and a photovoltaic power generation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0128] Figure 8 This is an optimized control block diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0129] Figure 9 An optimized control block diagram of a lithium battery energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0130] Figure 10 An optimized control block diagram of a hydrogen energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0131] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0132] In this embodiment, a multi-energy integrated management energy router containing electro-hydrogen energy storage, such as... Figure 1 , 2As shown, it includes a three-phase PWM rectifier unit, a bidirectional DC-DC converter unit, a single-phase DC-AC converter unit, a photovoltaic Boost type multilevel DC / DC converter unit, a VSC converter unit, a battery energy storage interleaved parallel type Boost / Buck multilevel DC / DC converter unit, a wind turbine multilevel inverter unit, an alkaline electrolyzer self-current sharing resonant type multilevel DC / DC converter unit, a fuel cell Boost converter unit, a water circulation pump Buck converter unit, a hydrogen energy storage system, a medium-voltage DC bus, and a low-voltage DC bus;

[0133] The input of the three-phase PWM rectifier unit is connected to the medium-voltage power distribution network, and its output is connected to the input of the bidirectional DC-DC converter unit via the medium-voltage DC bus. The output of the bidirectional DC-DC converter unit is connected to the low-voltage DC bus. The input of the single-phase DC-AC converter unit is connected to the low-voltage DC bus, and its output is connected to the AC charging pile. The output of the photovoltaic Boost-type multi-level DC / DC converter unit is connected to the low-voltage DC bus, and its input is connected to the photovoltaic sequence. The input of the wind turbine multi-level inverter unit is connected to the wind turbine generator, and its output is connected to the medium-voltage DC bus. The input of the VSC converter unit is connected to the AC charging pile, and its output is connected to the low-voltage DC bus. The battery energy storage interleaved parallel Boost / Buck converter unit... The input of the multi-level DC / DC converter unit is connected to the lithium battery energy storage system, and the output is connected to the medium-voltage DC bus. The input of the alkaline electrolyzer self-current sharing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit is connected to the medium-voltage DC bus, and the output is connected to the alkaline electrolyzer. The input of the fuel cell Boost converter unit is connected to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the output is connected to the low-voltage DC bus. The input of the water circulation pump Buck converter unit is connected to the low-voltage DC bus, and the output is connected to the DC water circulation pump, which provides the water circulation power between the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the alkaline electrolyzer. The inlet port of the hydrogen energy storage system is connected to the hydrogen output port of the alkaline electrolyzer, and the outlet port is connected to the hydrogen inlet port of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

[0134] The three-phase PWM rectifier unit completes the power conversion process between 380V-1000V, 50HZ AC power and medium-voltage DC bus. It has a wide voltage output range and can maintain the sinusoidal input current of the distribution network and keep it synchronized with the distribution network voltage in order to obtain a unity input power factor and achieve reactive power compensation. At the same time, it ensures that the voltage of the DC bus connected to the bidirectional rectifier unit is constant.

[0135] The bidirectional DC-DC converter unit completes the power conversion between 600V DC and 400V DC; it realizes bidirectional energy flow between the medium-voltage DC bus and the low-voltage DC bus; as a key component in the energy router device, the bidirectional DC-DC converter unit serves as a bridge for energy exchange between grid power and distributed energy sources. Different control methods can be selected to achieve both boost and buck functions. By adding a high-frequency transformer to the bidirectional DC-DC converter unit, the energy exchange efficiency is greatly improved, and the size of the hardware circuitry is significantly reduced. The Buck converter unit for the water circulation pump, the medium-voltage DC bus, the low-voltage DC bus, and the VSC inverter unit realize the conversion of electrical energy between the low-voltage AC load and 400V DC; it realizes the energy flow between the low-voltage DC bus and single-phase load equipment; when a DC electric vehicle is connected as a load, the VSC inverter unit can perform constant voltage charging on its lithium battery. When the lithium battery's state of charge (SOC) is close to full, it switches to constant current charging mode, effectively extending the lithium battery's lifespan.

[0136] The photovoltaic Boost-type multilevel DC / DC converter unit realizes the connection and energy flow between the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel and the low-voltage DC bus. Compared with the traditional Boost circuit, the voltage stress on the switching transistor is reduced to half, exhibiting good dynamic performance under high-voltage conditions. At the same time, it can effectively reduce the conduction loss of the switching transistor and improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic system.

[0137] The single-phase DC-AC converter unit completes the conversion of electrical energy between the AC load and the low-voltage DC bus, realizing the connection and energy transfer between the AC load and the low-voltage DC bus.

[0138] The multi-level inverter unit for wind turbines enables the connection and energy flow between the electrical energy generated by the wind turbine and the medium-voltage DC bus. The reduced voltage stress on the switching transistors of the multi-level inverter unit allows for its application in high-voltage environments; the multiple inverter voltage levels result in a smooth output waveform and low harmonics, effectively reducing harmonic interference to energy router devices.

[0139] The interleaved parallel Boost / Buck multilevel DC / DC converter unit facilitates the connection between the lithium battery energy storage system and the medium-voltage DC bus, enabling bidirectional energy flow. This interleaved parallel Boost / Buck multilevel DC / DC converter unit can operate in both Buck and Boost modes. In Buck mode, the lithium battery energy storage system absorbs electrical energy and begins charging, storing the energy in the lithium battery. In Boost mode, energy is transferred from the lithium battery energy storage system to the medium-voltage DC bus, maintaining a stable DC voltage on the bus.

[0140] The self-current-sharing resonant multilevel DC / DC converter unit for the alkaline electrolyzer completes the connection between the alkaline electrolyzer and the medium-voltage DC bus and facilitates energy flow. The reduced voltage stress on the switching transistors of this self-current-sharing resonant multilevel DC / DC converter unit effectively lowers conduction losses and improves the efficiency of hydrogen production through water electrolysis. Simultaneously, the self-current-sharing characteristic of this converter unit can automatically adjust the output current to adapt to the constantly changing conditions of the electrolyzer.

[0141] The fuel cell Boost converter unit completes the connection between the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the low-voltage DC bus and the flow of energy.

[0142] The Buck converter unit for the water circulation pump connects the DC water circulation pump to the low-voltage DC bus and facilitates energy flow. The only emission product of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is water, which can be pumped by the DC water circulation pump to an alkaline electrolyzer for hydrogen production, achieving recycling.

[0143] The medium-voltage DC bus is used to stabilize the output voltage of the three-phase PWM rectifier unit, the wind turbine multi-level inverter unit, the battery energy storage interleaved parallel Boost / Buck multi-level DC / DC converter unit, and the alkaline electrolytic cell self-current sharing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit, as well as the input voltage of the bidirectional DC-DC converter unit; it completes the interconnection of the three-phase PWM rectifier unit, the bidirectional DC-DC converter unit, the wind turbine multi-level inverter unit, the battery energy storage interleaved parallel Boost / Buck multi-level DC / DC converter unit, and the alkaline electrolytic cell self-current sharing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit; and it completes the bidirectional flow of energy among the three-phase PWM rectifier unit, the bidirectional DC-DC converter unit, the wind turbine multi-level inverter unit, the battery energy storage interleaved parallel Boost / Buck multi-level DC / DC converter unit, and the alkaline electrolytic cell self-current sharing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit.

[0144] The low-voltage DC bus is used to stabilize the input voltage of the VSC inverter unit, single-phase DC-AC converter unit, and water circulation pump Buck converter unit, as well as the output voltage of the bidirectional DC-DC converter unit, photovoltaic Boost type multilevel DC / DC converter unit, and fuel cell Boost converter unit; and to complete the interconnection and energy flow of the VSC inverter unit, single-phase DC-DC converter unit, water circulation pump Buck converter unit, bidirectional DC-DC converter unit, photovoltaic Boost type multilevel DC / DC converter unit, and fuel cell Boost converter unit.

[0145] In this embodiment, the structural framework of a multi-energy integrated management energy router containing an electro-hydrogen composite energy storage system is as follows: Figure 3As shown, the input port of the multi-energy integrated management type energy router device containing the electric / hydrogen composite energy storage system can be connected to the 380V-1000V power distribution network, photovoltaic power generation system, wind turbine, lithium battery energy storage system and natural gas network; the output port can be connected to the hydrogen energy storage system, DC load, AC load, lithium battery energy storage system and heat and cold load.

[0146] In this embodiment, the three-layer distributed control applied to a multi-energy integrated management energy router containing electro-hydrogen energy storage is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the control system of the entire multi-energy integrated management energy router, which includes hydrogen energy storage, is divided into a three-layer tree architecture, from top to bottom: the scheduling layer, the microgrid control layer, and the local control layer. Based on this overall architecture, unified coordination, control, and communication scheduling of wind turbine power generation, photovoltaic power generation, lithium battery energy storage systems, other distributed energy systems, and the power distribution network are achieved.

[0147] Under the premise of meeting the requirements of power supply quality, power supply reliability and security of the distribution network, the dispatching layer adopts the optimization dispatching algorithm under centralized control mode to minimize the operating cost and maximize the benefits of the entire system. For distributed power sources, multi-level distributed fuzzy control is adopted on the basis of distributed fuzzy control. Each local control adopts a two-layer control structure, with the upper layer being the microgrid control layer and the lower layer being the local control layer, which is used to track the reference value and realize wind, solar and hydrogen storage complementary power generation. Without changing the grid connection mode of each distributed power source, it provides bidirectional reliable power flow and information flow, and realizes overall coordinated and optimized operation and energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0148] Communication and dispatching methods for distributed energy systems: Due to the decentralized nature of distributed energy systems, their operation and control rely on unified coordination and control through communication. The dispatching layer coordinates the operation between units based on distribution network forecasts. The dispatching network issues commands such as power regulation, operating modes, and generation arrangements to the microgrid control layer through the controller. The microgrid control layer coordinates and controls power allocation by detecting the status of user terminals and collecting information. A communication and control module is added to the power electronic converter of the local control layer and connected to the centralized controller of the energy router of the microgrid control layer through a communication bus. The control unit can make it respond to the commands of the microgrid control layer and upload the terminal status and control-required data information to the microgrid control layer. The microgrid control layer uniformly uploads the terminal status and control-required data information to the dispatching layer. The dispatching layer selects the optimal operating mode based on the feedback values ​​output from the user layer, thereby coordinating the work of each unit under the local control layer.

[0149] In this embodiment, a control method for a multi-energy integrated management energy router containing electro-hydrogen energy storage is described, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0150] Step 1: Power allocation of the multi-energy integrated management energy router is performed using a fuzzy logic controller;

[0151] Based on the two scenarios of excess and insufficient differential power within the energy router, the fuzzy logic controller is divided into an AE-FLC module and an FC-FLC module. The AE-FLC module is activated when there is excess differential power within the energy router, and is used to optimize the power allocation during charging of the alkaline electrolyzer and the lithium battery energy storage system. The FC-FLC module is activated when there is insufficient differential power within the energy router, and is used to optimize and allocate the power generation of the lithium battery and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell in the lithium battery energy storage system. The inputs of the fuzzy logic controller are the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery and the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage unit, and the output is the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system. bf A hysteresis loop is added to the fuzzy logic controller to prevent oscillations during critical switching; the hysteresis width L is designed to be log2. α(δ) α(δ) represents the internal differential power P of the energy router. net The minimum noise function of actual parameters and error variables;

[0152] The internal differential power of the energy router is shown in the following formula:

[0153] P net =β*(P w +P pv -P L )

[0154] Among them, P w P represents the output power of the wind turbine generator set. pv P represents the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system. L β is the load power; β is the differential power compensation coefficient of the energy router. In this embodiment, β = 1.005.

[0155] When P net When P > 0, the energy router has excess power, requiring hydrogen production from the alkaline electrolyzer and charging of the lithium battery energy storage system to maintain power balance; when P net When P < 0, the power within the energy router is insufficient, requiring the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to generate electricity and the lithium battery energy storage system to discharge to maintain power balance; when P net When the value is greater than 0, the lithium battery state of charge (SOC) and the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage unit are input into the AE-FLC module to obtain the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system. bf ; and the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system bf The power difference P between the internal power of the energy router net Multiplying them together yields the energy storage power reference value P. ref Add a limiting step to prevent power overruns; adjust the internal differential power P of the energy router.net Subtract the energy storage power reference value P ref Obtain the power reference value P when there is excess differential power inside the energy router. aeref Because the power inside the energy router is excessive, the power reference value P when the internal power difference of the energy router is insufficient is... fcref It is zero; when P net When the value is less than 0, the lithium battery state of charge (SOC) and the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage unit are input into the FC-FLC module to obtain the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system. bf and combined with P net Determine P fcref At this time, the power reference value P when the internal differential power of the energy router is excessive aeref Zero;

[0156] In the fuzzy logic controller, the universe of discourse for both input and output variables is defined as [0,1]. The universe of discourse is divided into three subsets, {PS,PM,PB}, representing {small, medium, and large}. The input and output variables are transformed using a triangular membership function. When there is excess power in the multi-energy integrated management energy router device, the SOC of the lithium battery and the SOH of the hydrogen energy storage system are detected.

[0157] SOC, SOH and k bf Within the domain [0,1] marked by a unit, when P net When the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system is >0, bf Obtained from the AE-FLC module;

[0158] Constructing the power allocation factor k of a lithium battery energy storage system bf The output state fuzzy function, if k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0159]

[0160] k bf =PM

[0161] At this point, it indicates that the lithium battery energy storage system and the alkaline electrolyzer jointly bear the excess power;

[0162] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0163]

[0164] k bf =PB

[0165] At this point, the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage system is close to its upper limit, and the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is close to its lower limit. Therefore, the charging power of the lithium battery energy storage system is higher than that of the hydrogen energy storage system when it is not close to its upper limit.

[0166] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0167]

[0168] k bf =PS

[0169] At this point, the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage system is close to the lower limit, while the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is close to the upper limit. Therefore, the alkaline electrolyzer increases its power to produce hydrogen.

[0170] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0171]

[0172] k bf =PS

[0173] At this time, the alkaline electrolyzer will increase hydrogen production power and increase hydrogen storage capacity;

[0174] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0175]

[0176] k bf =PB

[0177] At this time, the alkaline electrolyzer will reduce the hydrogen production power to avoid a rapid increase in pressure in the hydrogen energy storage system;

[0178] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0179]

[0180] k bf =PB

[0181] At this time, the energy storage system will increase the charging power, quickly increase the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery, and prevent the lithium battery from working in the over-discharge region.

[0182] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0183]

[0184] k bf=PS

[0185] At this time, the lithium battery energy storage system will reduce the charging power, slow down the rise of the lithium battery's state of charge (SOC), and prevent the lithium battery from working in the deep charging region.

[0186] When P net When <0, the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system bf Obtained from the FC-FLC module, construct K bf Output state fuzzy function, if k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0187]

[0188] k bf =PM

[0189] At this point, the lithium battery energy storage system and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell work together to provide the power required by the energy router;

[0190] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0191]

[0192] k bf =PS

[0193] At this point, the hydrogen energy storage system is close to its upper limit, while the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is close to its lower limit. Therefore, the discharge power of the fuel cell is higher than that of the hydrogen energy storage system when it is not close to its upper limit.

[0194] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0195]

[0196] k bf =PB

[0197] At this point, the hydrogen energy storage system is close to its lower limit, while the lithium battery's state of charge (SOC) is close to its upper limit. Therefore, the discharge power of the lithium battery energy storage system is higher than that of the hydrogen energy storage system when it is not close to its lower limit.

[0198] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0199]

[0200] k bf =PB

[0201] At this point, the fuel cell will reduce its discharge power to prevent the hydrogen energy storage system capacity from quickly reaching its lower limit.

[0202] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0203]

[0204] k bf =PS

[0205] At this point, the fuel cell will increase its discharge power to prevent the hydrogen storage system pressure from being in the upper limit region;

[0206] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0207]

[0208] k bf =PS

[0209] At this time, the lithium battery energy storage system will reduce the discharge power to prevent the lithium battery state of charge (SOC) from quickly reaching the lower limit and to avoid the lithium battery from working in the deep discharge region for a long time.

[0210] If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows:

[0211]

[0212] k bf =PB

[0213] At this time, the lithium battery energy storage system will increase the discharge power, and the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery will drop rapidly, avoiding the lithium battery from working in the deep charging area for a long time.

[0214] Step 2: The upper-layer system of the multi-energy integrated management type energy router collects the distribution network voltage Up and the DC bus voltage U. dc Wind turbine output power P w The output power P of the photovoltaic power generation system pv Load power P LThe operating state set consists of the State of Charge (SOC) of the lithium battery energy storage system and the State of Harshness (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage system. (The upper-layer system of the energy router includes sampling, communication, calculation, and control, mainly responsible for collecting various signals, performing calculations, and finally issuing control commands; the lower-layer system makes corresponding adjustments based on the commands.) Based on the current operating state set, the power command of the electric / hydrogen composite energy storage system, the theoretical voltage value of the alkaline electrolyzer, the hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer, and the hydrogen state of the hydrogen energy storage system are calculated, thereby enabling the energy router to operate in one of the following basic operating modes: grid-connected operation mode, off-grid operation mode, distribution network dispatching power absorption mode, distribution network dispatching power supply mode, system protection mode, and system shutdown mode.

[0215] (1) The power reference value P when the internal differential power of the energy router is insufficient. fcref The power reference value P when there is excess power difference acref The power command for the electric / hydrogen hybrid energy storage system is shown in the following formula:

[0216] P aeref =β*(P net -P ref )

[0217] P fcref =0

[0218] or

[0219] P fcref =β*(P net -P ref )

[0220] P aeref =0

[0221] (2) Collect the output voltage U of the self-current equalizing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit of the alkaline electrolyzer. cellref The difference between this difference and the theoretical voltage value of the alkaline electrolyzer is calculated, and then the ratio ΔU / U of this difference to the theoretical voltage value of the alkaline electrolyzer is obtained. cell Where, ΔU=U cellref -U cell U is the absolute value of the difference between the actual output voltage and the theoretical output voltage. cell The theoretical voltage value for the alkaline electrolyzer is given by the following formula:

[0222]

[0223] Among them, U rev R is the voltage of the reversible cell in the alkaline electrolyzer, and r1 and r2 are the ohmic resistance parameters of the electrolyte; T ae The temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer; A cell I represents the area of ​​the electrolysis module in the alkaline electrolyzer;ae U represents the current in the alkaline electrolytic cell; s1, s2, s3, t1, t2, and t3 are all electrode overvoltage coefficients; U ae This is the actual voltage of the alkaline electrolytic cell;

[0224] (3) The fuzzy logic controller controls the output voltage of the self-current-equalizing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit of the alkaline electrolyzer. The hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer responds dynamically in real time according to the fuzzy rules, and the response equation is:

[0225]

[0226] Where, U1(t) is the time-varying function of the output voltage of the self-current-equalizing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit in the alkaline electrolyzer; U2(t) is the time-varying function of the electrode voltage in the alkaline electrolyzer; T(t) is the temperature variation function of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolyzer; T0 is the initial temperature of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolyzer; K bf η is the output factor of the membership function. F The hydrogen production rate of an alkaline electrolyzer is expressed as:

[0227]

[0228] Where z is the number of electrons reacted in each reaction of the basic electrolyzer; F is the Faraday constant; and a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, and a6 are all Faraday efficiency coefficients.

[0229] (4) Hydrogen demand rate of constructing proton exchange membrane fuel cells With membership function output factor K bf The optimal control function:

[0230]

[0231] Among them, i fc For the output current of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, N fc This refers to the number of individual fuel cells;

[0232] Define the pressure P of the hydrogen energy storage system. s for:

[0233]

[0234] Among them, T s V represents the temperature of the hydrogen energy storage system. s R represents the volume of the hydrogen energy storage system. s The gas constant is... This represents the molar mass number of hydrogen gas.

[0235] Define the hydrogen state S of a hydrogen energy storage system SOH for:

[0236]

[0237] Among them, P smax This is the upper pressure limit for hydrogen energy storage systems.

[0238] In this embodiment, the energy router operates in different modes depending on the trigger signal, such as... Figure 6 As shown, specifically:

[0239] 1) Multi-energy integrated management type energy router operates in grid-connected mode: Grid-connected operation mode is the basic operating mode of the energy router when connected to the grid and without scheduling. When an electric vehicle is connected to charging and the SOC and SOH of the energy storage system are high, the electric / hydrogen composite energy storage system discharges, and the electric vehicle is charged; if the SOC and SOH of the energy storage system are low, the energy storage backup is not working, and the electric vehicle is charged. When an electric vehicle is connected to discharge, due to the capacity limitation of the VSC, the energy storage is in standby mode, and the electric vehicle discharges; when the electric vehicle is not connected and the SOC and SOH of the energy storage system are high, the energy storage is in standby mode.

[0240] 2) Multi-energy integrated management type energy router operates in off-grid mode: When there is a fault on the distribution network side or a VSC failure, the energy router operates in off-grid mode. When an electric vehicle is connected for charging, the energy storage system discharges, and the photovoltaic system and proton exchange membrane fuel cell charge it together. When the electric vehicle is not connected, but the photovoltaic system is outputting power, the energy storage system fully absorbs the photovoltaic output, and the alkaline electrolyzer uses excess electricity to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen, which is then compressed and stored in a hydrogen tank. When the electric vehicle is not connected and the photovoltaic system is not outputting power, the system is in standby mode, and there is no power flow within the energy router. In off-grid mode, the VSC is disconnected, and the system's power must be entirely balanced by the energy router itself to maintain a stable DC bus voltage.

[0241] 3) When the voltage or frequency of the distribution network drops, the overall energy of the distribution network is insufficient. At this time, the distribution network dispatching layer can dispatch energy routers to feed power to the distribution network to support it. When electric vehicles are connected to charging and charging cannot wait, the energy storage system and fuel cells discharge to charge the electric vehicles; when electric vehicles can wait to charge, the energy storage system discharges and feeds power to the distribution network along with the electricity generated by photovoltaics, wind turbines, and fuel cells; when electric vehicles are connected to discharge and the discharge generates economic value, the energy storage is used for backup; when electric vehicles are not connected, the energy storage system discharges and feeds power to the distribution network along with photovoltaics, wind turbines, and fuel cells. In the dispatching power feeding mode, photovoltaics always operate in MPPT mode, and VSC always operates in voltage stabilization mode.

[0242] 4) When the overall load on the distribution network is low, the voltage or frequency of the distribution network may be high. In this case, the distribution network can dispatch various energy routers to absorb excess power. The energy routers rationally absorb excess power from the distribution network side according to their own conditions. When an electric vehicle is connected for charging, it charges and absorbs power together with the energy storage system; when an electric vehicle is connected for discharging, it waits until the distribution network stops dispatching power absorption, at which point the energy storage system charges, the electrolyzer starts, and the produced hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen energy storage system for backup use by the fuel cell; when an electric vehicle is not connected, the energy storage system charges and absorbs power, and the alkaline electrolyzer produces hydrogen. In the dispatched power absorption mode, the photovoltaic system always operates in MPPT mode, and the VSC always operates in voltage regulation mode.

[0243] 5) When the SOC of an electric vehicle battery or energy storage system reaches the critical overcharge or over-discharge threshold, the battery must be protected and the system must enter protection mode. When the SOC of the energy storage reaches the upper limit, the energy storage system can only discharge or not operate; when the SOC reaches the lower limit, the energy storage system can only charge or not operate. Electric vehicle battery protection mode: When the electric vehicle is fully charged, it is disconnected; when the electric vehicle discharges to a set value, it is disconnected or recharged according to the actual situation. When the SOH of the hydrogen energy storage system reaches the lower limit, the hydrogen energy storage system can only store hydrogen or not operate; when the SOH reaches the upper limit, the hydrogen energy storage system can only provide hydrogen to the fuel cell or not operate, and cannot continue to store hydrogen to prevent the hydrogen energy storage system from exploding due to excessive pressure.

[0244] 6) When all the above operating modes are in steady state or seamlessly switched, the DC bus voltage can be maintained at the rated value. However, when the electric vehicle is not connected to the grid, the photovoltaic system outputs power while the energy storage system reaches the protection mode, the power in the system cannot be balanced, which will inevitably lead to the DC bus voltage exceeding the limit. In this case, the system enters the shutdown mode, locks the switching tubes, and all converters stop working.

[0245] Step 3: Based on the upper-level system control commands of the multi-energy integrated management energy router, determine the control mode of the wind turbine, such as... Figure 7 As shown;

[0246] Step 3.1: Select the initial value of the wind turbine's rotational speed, the reference rotational speed, and the disturbance step size, and calculate the output power of the wind turbine.

[0247] Step 3.2: Determine whether the wind turbine speed change exceeds the speed change threshold Δω under a certain step length. min If yes, proceed to step 3.3; otherwise, set the difference in wind turbine speed Δω within one step size. k+1 =0;

[0248] Step 3.3: Calculate the difference in wind turbine speed Δω under one step size. k+1 =Δp k / Δω k ; where Δω k Δp represents the increment of the horizontal axis on the pw curve of the wind power generation system. k Let Δω be the increment of the x-axis on the pw curve. k The corresponding increment of the ordinate;

[0249] Step 3.4: Calculate the wind turbine rotational speed ω in step k+1. k+1 =ω k +Δω k+1 ;

[0250] Step 3.5: Repeat steps 3.2 to 3.4 until the maximum power output point of the wind turbine is found; at this point, the wind turbine speed is the optimal speed command ω. rmref ;

[0251] Step 3.6, Optimal speed command ω for wind turbine unit rmref A modulation signal is generated by dual closed-loop control of speed and current, and then a drive pulse is obtained by SPWM modulation.

[0252] Step 3.7: When the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the state of charge (S max At that time, SOC max To achieve the maximum permissible SOC of the lithium battery, a modulation signal is generated using an outer loop of DC bus voltage and an inner loop of current control. To avoid deep discharge of the lithium battery, the wind turbine will switch from MPPT (maximum power point tracking) mode to CV (constant voltage) control mode to achieve reduced power operation.

[0253] Step 3.8: When the wind speed of the wind turbine is less than the cut-in wind speed or greater than the cut-out wind speed, the wind turbine will operate in idle standby mode.

[0254] Step 4: Based on the upper-level system control commands of the multi-energy integrated management energy router, determine the control mode of the photovoltaic power generation system, such as... Figure 8 As shown;

[0255] Step 4.1: During the daytime, the photovoltaic power generation system uses the perturbation observation method to obtain the optimal voltage value U by utilizing the voltage and current of the photovoltaic array. dcref ;

[0256] Step 4.2: Calculate the optimal voltage value U. dcref The duty cycle d is obtained by performing voltage closed-loop control. b ;

[0257] Step 4.3: When the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the state of charge (S maxWhen the system is in operation, the photovoltaic power generation system will switch from MPPT mode to CV control to achieve reduced power operation. CV control uses voltage outer loop control and current inner loop control to generate duty cycle dpv. At night or on cloudy days, the photovoltaic power generation system will be in standby mode.

[0258] Step 5: Based on the upper-level system control commands of the multi-energy integrated management energy router, determine the control mode of the lithium battery energy storage system, such as... Figure 9 As shown;

[0259] Step 5.1: When the multi-energy integrated management type energy router device is operating in islanded mode, the lithium battery energy storage system, as the main control unit, uses CV control to maintain DC voltage stability. CV control includes DC voltage outer loop control and current inner loop control. The current inner loop control generates the duty cycle d. b ;

[0260] Step 5.2: When the lithium battery energy storage system reaches its rated power, it switches from CV mode to CP (constant power) mode. CP (constant power) mode calculates the current reference value based on the rated power and the lithium battery terminal voltage, and then performs current closed-loop control to generate the duty cycle d. b ;

[0261] Step 5.3: When the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the state of charge (SOC) max In order to avoid deep charging, the lithium battery energy storage system will operate in standby mode.

[0262] Step 6: Based on the upper-level system control commands of the multi-energy integrated management energy router, determine the control mode of the alkaline electrolyzer and fuel cell power generation system, such as... Figure 10 As shown;

[0263] Step 6.1, when the internal differential power P of the energy router net When the temperature is ≥0, the alkaline electrolyzer is working to produce hydrogen, and the fuel cell power generation system is in standby mode.

[0264] Step 6.2, when the internal differential power P of the energy router net When the value is ≤0, the fuel cell power generation system starts discharging, and the alkaline electrolyzer is in standby mode.

[0265] Step 6.3: The CP control command for the alkaline electrolyzer and fuel cell power generation system is generated by a fuzzy power allocation algorithm. Upon receiving the CP control command, the alkaline electrolyzer and fuel cell power generation system obtain the current command i when the differential power inside the energy router is insufficient or excessive, based on the terminal voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer or fuel cell. aeref or i fcref ;

[0266] Step 6.4, issue current command iaeref or i fcref Current closed-loop control is performed to generate the duty cycle signal d ae or d fc ;

[0267] Step 6.5: Detect the pressure P of the hydrogen energy storage system. s When the hydrogen energy storage system pressure P s ≥P smax At that time, P smax When the pressure reaches the maximum withstand pressure of the hydrogen energy storage system, it indicates that the system is full, and the alkaline electrolyzer will switch to standby mode. When the pressure P of the hydrogen energy storage system reaches its maximum withstand pressure, it indicates that the system is full, and the alkaline electrolyzer will switch to standby mode. s ≤P smin At that time, P smax This is the minimum pressure that the hydrogen energy storage system can withstand. It indicates that there is not enough hydrogen in the hydrogen energy storage system, and at this time the fuel cell power generation system will switch to standby mode.

[0268] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for a multi-energy integrated management energy router containing electro-hydrogen energy storage, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Use a fuzzy logic controller to allocate power in a multi-energy integrated management energy router that includes hydrogen energy storage; The multi-energy integrated management energy router with hydrogen energy storage includes a three-phase PWM rectifier unit, a bidirectional DC-DC converter unit, a single-phase DC-AC converter unit, a photovoltaic Boost type multi-level DC / DC converter unit, a VSC converter unit, a battery energy storage interleaved parallel Boost / Buck multi-level DC / DC converter unit, a wind turbine multi-level inverter unit, an alkaline electrolyzer self-current sharing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit, a fuel cell Boost converter unit, a water circulation pump Buck converter unit, a hydrogen energy storage system, a medium-voltage DC bus, and a low-voltage DC bus. The input of the three-phase PWM rectifier unit is connected to the medium-voltage power distribution network, and its output is connected to the input of the bidirectional DC-DC converter unit via the medium-voltage DC bus. The output of the bidirectional DC-DC converter unit is connected to the low-voltage DC bus. The input of the single-phase DC-AC converter unit is connected to the low-voltage DC bus, and its output is connected to the AC charging pile. The output of the photovoltaic Boost-type multi-level DC / DC converter unit is connected to the low-voltage DC bus, and its input is connected to the photovoltaic sequence. The input of the wind turbine multi-level inverter unit is connected to the wind turbine generator, and its output is connected to the medium-voltage DC bus. The input of the VSC converter unit is connected to the AC charging pile, and its output is connected to the low-voltage DC bus. The battery energy storage interleaved parallel Boost / Buck converter unit... The input terminal of the multi-level DC / DC converter unit is connected to the lithium battery energy storage system, and the output terminal is connected to the medium-voltage DC bus; the input terminal of the alkaline electrolyzer self-current sharing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit is connected to the medium-voltage DC bus, and the output terminal is connected to the alkaline electrolyzer; the input terminal of the fuel cell Boost converter unit is connected to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the output terminal is connected to the low-voltage DC bus; the input terminal of the water circulation pump Buck converter unit is connected to the low-voltage DC bus, and the output terminal is connected to the DC water circulation pump, which provides water circulation power between the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the alkaline electrolyzer; the inlet port of the hydrogen energy storage system is connected to the hydrogen output port of the alkaline electrolyzer, and the outlet port is connected to the hydrogen inlet port of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Step 2: The upper-layer system of the multi-energy integrated management type energy router collects the distribution network voltage Up and the DC bus voltage U. dc Wind turbine output power P w The output power P of the photovoltaic power generation system pv Load power P L The operating state set is composed of the SOC of the lithium battery energy storage system and the SOH of the hydrogen energy storage system. Based on the current operating state set, the power command of the electric / hydrogen composite energy storage system, the theoretical voltage value of the alkaline electrolyzer, the hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer, and the hydrogen state of the hydrogen energy storage system are calculated. This enables the energy router to operate in one of the following basic operating modes: grid-connected operation mode, off-grid operation mode, distribution network dispatching power absorption mode, distribution network dispatching power supply mode, system protection mode, and system shutdown mode. The specific methods for calculating the power command of the electric / hydrogen hybrid energy storage system, the theoretical voltage value of the alkaline electrolyzer, the hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer, and the hydrogen state of the hydrogen energy storage system are as follows: (1) The power reference value P when the internal differential power of the energy router is insufficient. fcref The power reference value P when there is excess power difference acref The power command for the electric / hydrogen hybrid energy storage system is shown in the following formula: P aeref =β*(P new -P ref ) P fcref ＝0 or P fcref =β*(P net -P ref ) P aeref ＝0 Among them, P net For the differential power within the energy router, P ref β is the energy storage power reference value, and β is the energy router differential power compensation coefficient; (2) Collect the output voltage U of the self-current equalizing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit of the alkaline electrolyzer. cellref The difference between this difference and the theoretical voltage value of the alkaline electrolyzer is calculated, and then the ratio ΔU / U of this difference to the theoretical voltage value of the alkaline electrolyzer is obtained. cell Where, ΔU=U cellref -U cell U is the absolute value of the difference between the actual output voltage and the theoretical output voltage. cell The theoretical voltage value for the alkaline electrolyzer is given by the following formula: Among them, U rev R is the voltage of the reversible cell in the alkaline electrolyzer, and r1 and r2 are the ohmic resistance parameters of the electrolyte; T ae The temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer; A cell I represents the area of ​​the electrolysis module in the alkaline electrolyzer; ae U represents the current in the alkaline electrolytic cell; s1, s2, s3, t1, t2, and t3 are all electrode overvoltage coefficients; U ae This is the actual voltage of the alkaline electrolytic cell; (3) The fuzzy logic controller controls the output voltage of the self-current-equalizing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit of the alkaline electrolyzer. The hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer responds dynamically in real time according to the fuzzy rules, and the response equation is: Where, U1(t) is the time-varying function of the output voltage of the self-current-equalizing resonant multi-level DC / DC converter unit in the alkaline electrolyzer; U2(t) is the time-varying function of the electrode voltage in the alkaline electrolyzer; T(t) is the temperature variation function of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolyzer; T0 is the initial temperature of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolyzer; K bf η is the output factor of the membership function; F The hydrogen production rate of an alkaline electrolyzer is expressed as: Where z is the number of electrons reacted in each reaction of the basic electrolyzer; F is the Faraday constant; and a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, and a6 are all Faraday efficiency coefficients. (4) Hydrogen demand rate of constructing proton exchange membrane fuel cells With membership function output factor K bf The optimal control function: Among them, i fc For the output current of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, N fc This refers to the number of individual fuel cells; Define the pressure P of the hydrogen energy storage system. s for: Among them, T s V represents the temperature of the hydrogen energy storage system. s R represents the volume of the hydrogen energy storage system. s The gas constant is This represents the molar mass number of hydrogen gas. Define the hydrogen state S of a hydrogen energy storage system SOH for: Among them, P smax This is the upper pressure limit for hydrogen energy storage systems; Step 3: Determine the control mode of the wind turbine based on the upper-level system control instructions of the multi-energy integrated management energy router; Step 4: Determine the control mode of the photovoltaic power generation system based on the upper-level system control instructions of the multi-energy integrated management type energy router; Step 5: Determine the control mode of the lithium battery energy storage system based on the upper-level system control instructions of the multi-energy integrated management energy router; Step 6: Determine the control mode of the alkaline electrolyzer and fuel cell power generation system based on the upper-level system control instructions of the multi-energy integrated management type energy router.

2. The control method for a multi-energy integrated management energy router with electro-hydrogen energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for step 1 is as follows: Based on the two scenarios of excess and insufficient differential power within the energy router, the fuzzy logic controller is divided into an AE-FLC module and an FC-FLC module. The AE-FLC module is activated when there is excess differential power within the energy router, and is used to optimize the power allocation during charging of the alkaline electrolyzer and the lithium battery energy storage system. The FC-FLC module is activated when there is insufficient differential power within the energy router, and is used to optimize and allocate the power generation of the lithium battery and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell in the lithium battery energy storage system. The inputs of the fuzzy logic controller are the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery and the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage unit, and the output is the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system. bf A hysteresis loop is added to the fuzzy logic controller, with the hysteresis width L designed to be log2. α(δ) α(δ) represents the internal differential power P of the energy router. net The minimum noise function of actual parameters and error variables; The internal differential power of the energy router is shown in the following formula: P net =β(P w +P pv -P L ) Among them, P w P represents the output power of the wind turbine generator set. pv P represents the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system. L β is the load power; β is the differential power compensation coefficient of the energy router. When P net When P > 0, the energy router has excess power, requiring hydrogen production from the alkaline electrolyzer and charging of the lithium battery energy storage system to maintain power balance; when P net When P < 0, the power within the energy router is insufficient, requiring the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to generate electricity and the lithium battery energy storage system to discharge to maintain power balance; when P net When the value is greater than 0, the lithium battery state of charge (SOC) and the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage unit are input into the AE-FLC module to obtain the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system. bf ; and the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system bf The power difference P between the internal power router and the power source net Multiplying them together yields the energy storage power reference value P. ref Add a limiting step to prevent power overruns; adjust the internal differential power P of the energy router. net Subtract the energy storage power reference value P ref Obtain the power reference value P when there is excess differential power inside the energy router. aeref Because the power inside the energy router is excessive, the power reference value P when the internal power difference of the energy router is insufficient is... fcref It is zero; when P net When the value is less than 0, the lithium battery state of charge (SOC) and the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage unit are input into the FC-FLC module to obtain the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system. bf and combined with P net Determine P fcref At this time, the power reference value P when the internal differential power of the energy router is excessive aeref It is zero.

3. The control method for a multi-energy integrated management energy router with electro-hydrogen energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for determining the power allocation factor of the lithium battery energy storage system is as follows: In the fuzzy logic controller, the universe of discourse for both input and output variables is defined as [0,1]. The universe of discourse is divided into three subsets, {PS,PM,PB}, representing {small, medium, and large}. The input and output variables are transformed using a triangular membership function. When there is excess power in the multi-energy integrated management energy router device, the SOC of the lithium battery and the SOH of the hydrogen energy storage system are detected. SOC, SOH and k bf Within the domain [0,1] marked by a unit, when P net When the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system is >0, bf Obtained from the AE-FLC module; when P net When <0, the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system bf Obtained from the FC-FLC module; I. When P net When <0, the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system bf Obtained from the FC-FLC module, specifically: Constructing the power allocation factor k of a lithium battery energy storage system bf The output state fuzzy function, if k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PM At this point, it indicates that the lithium battery energy storage system and the alkaline electrolyzer jointly bear the excess power; If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PB At this point, the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage system is close to its upper limit, and the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is close to its lower limit. Therefore, the charging power of the lithium battery energy storage system is higher than that of the hydrogen energy storage system when it is not close to its upper limit. If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PS At this point, the remaining capacity (SOH) of the hydrogen energy storage system is close to the lower limit, while the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is close to the upper limit. Therefore, the alkaline electrolyzer increases its power to produce hydrogen. If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PS At this time, the alkaline electrolyzer will increase hydrogen production power and increase hydrogen storage capacity; If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PB At this time, the alkaline electrolyzer will reduce the hydrogen production power to avoid a rapid increase in pressure in the hydrogen energy storage system; If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PB At this time, the energy storage system will increase the charging power, quickly increase the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery, and prevent the lithium battery from working in the over-discharge region. If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PS At this time, the lithium battery energy storage system will reduce the charging power, slow down the rise of the lithium battery's state of charge (SOC), and prevent the lithium battery from working in the deep charging region. II. When P net When <0, the power allocation factor k of the lithium battery energy storage system bf Obtained from the FC-FLC module, the specific method is as follows: Construct K bf Output state fuzzy function, if k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PM At this point, the lithium battery energy storage system and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell work together to provide the power required by the energy router; If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PS At this point, the hydrogen energy storage system is close to its upper limit, while the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is close to its lower limit. Therefore, the discharge power of the fuel cell is higher than that of the hydrogen energy storage system when it is not close to its upper limit. If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PB At this point, the hydrogen energy storage system is close to its lower limit, while the lithium battery's state of charge (SOC) is close to its upper limit. Therefore, the discharge power of the lithium battery energy storage system is higher than that of the hydrogen energy storage system when it is not close to its lower limit. If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PB At this point, the fuel cell will reduce its discharge power to prevent the hydrogen energy storage system capacity from quickly reaching its lower limit. If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PS At this point, the fuel cell will increase its discharge power to prevent the hydrogen storage system pressure from being in the upper limit region; If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PS At this time, the lithium battery energy storage system will reduce the discharge power to prevent the lithium battery state of charge (SOC) from quickly reaching the lower limit and to avoid the lithium battery from working in the deep discharge region for a long time. If k bf The output state fuzzy function is as follows: k bf =PB At this time, the lithium battery energy storage system will increase the discharge power, and the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery will drop rapidly, preventing the lithium battery from working in the deep charging region for a long time.

4. The control method for a multi-energy integrated management energy router with electro-hydrogen energy storage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific method for step 3 is as follows: Step 3.1: Select the initial value of the wind turbine's rotational speed, the reference rotational speed, and the disturbance step size, and calculate the output power of the wind turbine. Step 3.2: Determine whether the wind turbine speed change exceeds the speed change threshold Δω under a certain step length. min If yes, proceed to step 3.3; otherwise, set the difference in wind turbine speed Δω within one step size. k+1 =0; Step 3.3: Calculate the difference in wind turbine speed Δω under one step size. k+1 =Δp k / Δω k ; where Δω k Δp represents the increment of the horizontal axis on the pw curve of the wind power generation system. k Let Δω be the increment of the x-axis on the pw curve. k The corresponding increment of the ordinate; Step 3.4: Calculate the wind turbine rotational speed ω in step k+1. k+1 =ω k +Δω k+1 ; Step 3.5: Repeat steps 3.2 to 3.4 until the maximum power output point of the wind turbine is found; at this point, the wind turbine speed is the optimal speed command ω. rmref ; Step 3.6, Optimal speed command ω for wind turbine unit rmref A modulation signal is generated by dual closed-loop control of speed and current, and then a drive pulse is obtained by SPWM modulation. Step 3.7: When the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the state of charge (S max At that time, SOC max To achieve the maximum permissible SOC of the lithium battery, a modulation signal is generated using an outer loop of DC bus voltage and an inner loop of current control. To avoid deep discharge of the lithium battery, the wind turbine will switch from MPPT mode to CV control mode to achieve reduced power operation. Step 3.8: When the wind speed of the wind turbine is less than the cut-in wind speed or greater than the cut-out wind speed, the wind turbine will operate in standby mode.

5. The control method for a multi-energy integrated management energy router with electro-hydrogen energy storage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific method for step 4 is as follows: Step 4.1: During the daytime, the photovoltaic power generation system uses the perturbation observation method to obtain the optimal voltage value U from the photovoltaic array voltage and current. dcref ; Step 4.2: Calculate the optimal voltage value U. dcref The duty cycle d is obtained by performing voltage closed-loop control. b ; Step 4.3: When the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the state of charge (SOC) max When the system is in operation, the photovoltaic power generation system will switch from MPPT mode to CV control to achieve reduced power operation. CV control uses voltage outer loop control and current inner loop control to generate duty cycle dpv. At night or on cloudy days, the photovoltaic power generation system will be in standby mode.

6. The control method for a multi-energy integrated management energy router with electro-hydrogen energy storage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific method for step 5 is as follows: Step 5.1: When the multi-energy integrated management type energy router device is operating in islanded mode, the lithium battery energy storage system, as the main control unit, uses CV control to maintain DC voltage stability. CV control includes DC voltage outer loop control and current inner loop control. The current inner loop control generates the duty cycle d. b ; Step 5.2: When the lithium battery energy storage system reaches its rated power, it switches from CV mode to CP mode. In CP mode, the current reference value is calculated based on the rated power and the lithium battery terminal voltage, and then current closed-loop control is performed to generate the duty cycle d. b ; Step 5.3: When the state of charge (SOC) of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the state of charge (S max In order to avoid deep charging, the lithium battery energy storage system will operate in standby mode.

7. The control method for a multi-energy integrated management energy router with electro-hydrogen energy storage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific method for step 6 is as follows: Step 6.1, when the internal differential power P of the energy router net When the temperature is ≥0, the alkaline electrolyzer is working to produce hydrogen, and the fuel cell power generation system is in standby mode. Step 6.2, when the internal differential power P of the energy router net When the value is ≤0, the fuel cell power generation system starts discharging, and the alkaline electrolyzer is in standby mode; Step 6.3: The CP control command for the alkaline electrolyzer and fuel cell power generation system is generated by a fuzzy power allocation algorithm. Upon receiving the CP control command, the alkaline electrolyzer and fuel cell power generation system obtain the current command i when the differential power inside the energy router is insufficient or excessive, based on the terminal voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer or fuel cell. aeref or i fcref ; Step 6.4, issue current command i aeref or i fcref Current closed-loop control is performed to generate the duty cycle signal d ae or d fc ; Step 6.5: Detect the pressure P of the hydrogen energy storage system. s When the hydrogen energy storage system pressure P s ≥P smax At that time, P smax If the pressure reaches the maximum withstand pressure of the hydrogen energy storage system, it indicates that the hydrogen energy storage system is full, and the alkaline electrolyzer will switch to standby mode. When the hydrogen energy storage system pressure P s ≤P smin At that time, P smax This is the minimum pressure that the hydrogen energy storage system can withstand. It indicates that there is not enough hydrogen in the hydrogen energy storage system, and at this time the fuel cell power generation system will switch to standby mode.

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