Automatic Detection Equipment for Abnormal Operation of Transformer Windings and Its Detection Method

Abstract

The present invention provides an automatic detection device for abnormal operation of a transformer winding, belonging to the technical field of transformers. It includes: a transformer box body (1), a data transmission mechanism (2), a magnetic force detection mechanism (3), a vibration detection mechanism (4), and a fixing mechanism (10), wherein: the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) is used to detect the leakage magnetic field generated by the winding (11) and output an electrical signal to the data transmission mechanism (2) by controlling the on / off of a travel switch through magnetic force; the vibration detection mechanism (4) is used to collect vibration signals and sound signals during the operation of the transformer and transmit them to the data transmission mechanism (2); the data transmission mechanism (2) is used to calculate the transmission frequency value of the electrical signal and report the transmission frequency value to the terminal, and is also used to report the vibration signal and the sound signal to the terminal for the terminal to judge whether the winding (11) has an abnormal operation condition. The present invention also provides an automatic detection method for abnormal operation of a transformer winding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transformers, and particularly to an automatic detection device for abnormal operation of a transformer winding and a detection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Power transformers undertake the tasks of voltage conversion and power distribution in the power system and play a very important role. Their safe and reliable operation is crucial for the safety and stability of the entire power grid. The working conditions of power transformers operating under load for a long time are very harsh, and aging and failures are inevitable during operation. Among these failures, faults such as winding deformation, displacement, and collapse are the most serious, which have seriously affected the service life of transformers and endangered the safe operation of the power grid. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the windings of transformers in real time and analyze whether the windings are operating abnormally. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides an automatic detection device for abnormal operation of a transformer winding and a detection method thereof, which are used to detect the windings of a transformer in real time and analyze whether the windings are operating abnormally.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the embodiments of the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows:

[0005] An automatic detection device for abnormal operation of a transformer winding includes: a transformer box body (1), a data transmission mechanism (2), a magnetic force detection mechanism (3), a vibration detection mechanism (4), and a fixing mechanism (10), wherein:

[0006] The data transmission mechanism (2) and the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) are both fixedly installed on the side of the transformer box body (1), the vibration detection mechanism (4) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the transformer box body (1), and the fixing mechanism (10) is inside the transformer and located outside the winding (11) of the transformer;

[0007] Both the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) and the vibration detection mechanism (4) are electrically connected to the data transmission mechanism (2);

[0008] The magnetic force detection mechanism (3) is used to detect the leakage magnetic field generated by the winding (11) and output an electrical signal to the data transmission mechanism (2) by controlling the on-off of a travel switch through magnetic force, and the vibration detection mechanism (4) is used to collect vibration signals and sound signals when the transformer is working and transmit them to the data transmission mechanism (2);

[0009] The data transmission mechanism (2) is used to calculate the on-off frequency value of the electrical signal and report the on-off frequency value to the terminal, so that the terminal can judge whether the winding (11) has abnormal working conditions according to the on-off frequency value. The on-off frequency value is used to reflect the magnitude of the leakage magnetic field generated by the winding due to loosening and deformation; the data transmission mechanism (2) is used to report the vibration signal and the sound signal to the terminal, so that the terminal can judge whether the winding (11) has abnormal working conditions according to the vibration signal and the sound signal.

[0010] Preferably, the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) includes a housing (301), a first rotating block (303), a rotating rod (309), a second rotating block (3010), a travel switch, and a wire (307), where:

[0011] Both ends of the rotating rod (309) are fixedly connected to the geometric center of the upper surface of the first rotating block (303) and the geometric center of the lower surface of the second rotating block (3010) respectively. A first through hole is provided on the side of the transformer box body (1). The rotating rod (309) passes through the first through hole. The first rotating block (303) is located outside the transformer box body (1), and the second rotating block (3010) is located inside the transformer box body (1). The second rotating block (3010) is made of a magnetic material and rotates with the straight line where the rotating rod (309) is located as the axis under the action of the magnetic field force. The rotating rod (309) is driven by the force of the second rotating block (3010) to drive the first rotating block (303) to rotate clockwise; the first rotating block (303) is cylindrical, and N first connecting plates (302) are fixedly and evenly installed on the cylindrical side surface of the first rotating block (303). The included angles formed by the geometric centers of adjacent two first connecting plates (302) and the first rotating block (303) are the same;

[0012] The housing (301) is fixedly installed outside the transformer box body (1), and the first rotating block (303) is located inside the housing (301);

[0013] The travel switch consists of a first connection block (3011), a second connection plate (304), a spring (308), a first connection piece (305), a second connection piece (306), and a wire (307). A cylindrical first connection block (3011) is fixedly installed on the inner sidewall of the housing (301). The second connection plate (304) is movably installed on the first connection block (3011). The front side of the second connection plate (304) faces the first rotating block (303), and the back side of the second connection plate (304) faces the inner sidewall of the housing (301). The back side of the second connection plate (304) is connected to the inner sidewall of the housing (301) by the spring (308). The first connection piece (305) is fixedly installed on the back side of the second connection plate (304). The second connection piece (306) is fixedly installed on the inner sidewall of the housing (301). One end of the wire (307) passes through the sidewall of the housing (301) and is connected to the second connection piece (306), and the other end of the wire (307) is connected to the data transmission mechanism (2). During the rotation of the first rotating block (303), the first rotating block (303) pushes the second connection plate (304). Under the thrust of the first rotating block (303), the second connection plate (304) rotates counterclockwise around the first connection block (3011) and compresses the spring (308) until the first connection piece (305) contacts the second connection piece (306), and the wire (307) conducts and transmits the electrical signal. After the first rotating block (303) leaves the second connection plate (304), the second connection plate (304) resets under the elastic force of the spring (308), the first connection piece (305) leaves the second connection piece (306), and the wire (307) stops transmitting the electrical signal.

[0014] Preferably, a set of bushings is installed on each of two opposite sides of the upper surface of the transformer box body (1). A set of low-voltage bushings (5) is provided on one side, and a set of high-voltage bushings (7) is provided on the other side. The vibration detection mechanism (4) is located between the low-voltage bushings (5) and the high-voltage bushings (7). The oil column (6) of the transformer is fixedly installed between the low-voltage bushings (5) and the high-voltage bushings (7). Positive heat plates (9) are fixedly connected to both the front and back of the transformer box body (1). A side heat dissipation plate (8) is fixedly installed on the first side of the transformer box body (1). The data transmission mechanism (2) and the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) are installed on the second side of the transformer box body (1).

[0015] The fixing mechanism (10) includes a mounting block (12), a high-voltage connection block (13) and a low-voltage connection block (14). The mounting block (12) is located between the bottom of the transformer housing (1) and the lower surface of the winding (11). The high-voltage connection block (13) is located between the lower side of the low-voltage bushing (5) and the upper surface of the winding (11). The low-voltage connection block (14) is located between the lower side of the high-voltage bushing (7) and the upper surface of the winding (11). The mounting block (12), the high-voltage connection block (13) and the low-voltage connection block (14) are all fixedly connected to the transformer housing (1) and jointly fill the gap between the winding (11) and the transformer housing (1), so that the winding (11) is stably installed inside the transformer housing (1). The winding (11) is connected to the low-voltage bushing (5) by a wire through the low-voltage connection block (14), and the winding (11) is connected to the high-voltage bushing (7) by a wire through the high-voltage connection block (13).

[0016] Preferably, the fixing mechanism (10) further includes a stabilizing plate (1002), a third rotating block (1003), a collar (1004), a threaded rod (1006), and a sleeve (1007):

[0017] The stabilizing plate (1002) is U-shaped. An anti-collision pad (1001) is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the U-shaped groove of the stabilizing plate (1002). The anti-collision pad (1001) is used to contact the side surface of the winding. The stabilizing plate (1002) is located below the high-voltage connection block (13).

[0018] The collar (1004) is fixedly installed at the center position of the outer surface of the U-shaped groove of the stabilizing plate (1002). The third rotating block (1003) is located inside the collar (1004). The lower surface of the third rotating block (1003) contacts the surface of the transformer housing (1). After a sealing pad (1005) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the third rotating block (1003), the bottom of the threaded rod (1006) is fixedly connected. A second through hole is opened on the front surface of the transformer housing (1). The sleeve (1007) is fixedly installed on the inner edge of the second through hole and forms an angle of 90° with the front surface of the transformer housing (1). The threaded rod (1006) is located inside the sleeve (1007). The sleeve (1007) has an internal thread matching the external thread size of the threaded rod (1006). The head of the threaded rod (1006) has a grooved recess. By rotating the threaded rod (1006) with a screwdriver, the sealing pad (1005) of the stabilizing plate (1002) is pushed into close contact with the winding (11). The sealing pad (1005) is used to seal the sleeve (1007).

[0019] Preferably, the data transmission mechanism (2) is composed of a cover plate (201), a mounting plate (202), and a main board (203). The mounting plate (202) is fixedly installed on the side surface of the transformer box body (1). The main board (203) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (202). A vibration data module (204), a magnetic force data module (205), a sound data module (206), and a wireless transmission module (207) are installed on the main board (203). The vibration data module (204), the magnetic force data module (205), the sound data module (206), and the wireless transmission module (207) are all electrically connected to the controller in the main board (203). The vibration data module (204) is used to receive the vibration signal collected by the vibration sensor (403) and analyze the vibration frequency according to the vibration signal. The wire (307) is connected to the magnetic force data module (205) of the main board (203). The magnetic force data module (205) is used to receive the contact signal of the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) through the wire (307). The sound data module (206) is used to receive the sound signal collected by the sound sensor (404). The wireless transmission module (207) is used to transmit the vibration frequency data, the contact signal, and the sound data to the terminal in real time. The cover plate (201) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (202) and places the main board (203) between the cover plate (201) and the mounting plate (202). A switch (208) is movably sleeved in the middle of the cover plate (201). The switch (208) is electrically connected to the controller of the main board (203).

[0020] Preferably, the vibration detection mechanism (4) includes a support block (401), a support plate (402), a vibration sensor (403), a sound sensor (404), a first permanent magnet (405), a fixing plate (406), a fixing pin (407), a fixing cylinder (409), a fastening ring (408), a connecting ring (4010), a slider (4011), and a second permanent magnet (4012), where:

[0021] The lower surface of the support block (401) is fixedly connected to the surface of the transformer box body. The upper surface of the support block (401) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate (402). The upper surface of the support plate (402) has a groove. The fixing plate (406) is located above the support plate (402). The fixing plate (406) has a pin hole. The fixing pin (407) is inserted into the pin hole and placed in the groove to keep the relative position between the support block (401) and the fixing plate (406) fixed. The size of the pin hole and the size of the groove are both matched with the fixing pin (407).

[0022] At both the left and right ends of the support plate (402), there are U-shaped grooves with the same shape and size for placing the connecting ring (4010). The two groove side walls of the U-shaped groove are L-shaped sliding rails. The bottom of the U-shaped groove is semi-circular and fits with the semi-circular outer edge of the connecting ring (4010). The two groove walls of the U-shaped groove are arranged as L-shaped sliding rails. A pair of the sliders (4011) are symmetrically arranged on the outer edge of the connecting ring (4010). The two sliders (4011) are placed on the two L-shaped sliding rails. The upper surface of the connecting ring (4010) has an annular groove, and the second permanent magnet (4012) is installed in the annular groove. The lower surface of the connecting ring (4010) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top of the fixed cylinder (409). The bottom of the fixed cylinder has a threaded ring structure, and there is a shrinkage groove on the threaded ring structure. The threaded ring structure forms a rotational connection with the internal threaded structure of the fastening ring (408). The size of the threaded ring structure of the fixed cylinder (409) is larger than the size of the internal threaded structure of the fastening ring (408). The vibration sensor (403) is located inside the threaded ring structure of the fixed cylinder (409). After the fastening ring (408) is tightened, the vibration sensor (403) or the sound sensor (404) is fixed in the fixed cylinder (409).

[0023] Preferably, in the two U-shaped grooves of the support plate (402), the bottom of the left U-shaped groove and the bottom of the right U-shaped groove are symmetrically arranged with the groove as the center. The vibration sensor (403) is located in the fixed cylinder (409) in the left U-shaped groove, and the sound sensor (404) is located in the fixed cylinder (409) in the right U-shaped groove. Two first permanent magnets (405) are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the support plate (402). The size of the first permanent magnets (405) is the same as that of the second permanent magnet (4012) and the polarities are opposite. The two first permanent magnets (405) are respectively located directly above the two annular grooves. The first permanent magnets (405) play a role in positioning and fixing the connecting ring (4010). Through the magnetic connection between the first permanent magnets (405) and the second permanent magnet (4012), the vibration sensor (403) and the sound sensor (404) are firmly connected to the support plate (402) and remain relatively fixed.

[0024] Furthermore, the present invention also provides an automatic detection method for abnormal operation of a transformer winding. The implementation subject is the aforementioned automatic detection device for abnormal operation of a transformer winding. The steps include:

[0025] The automatic detection device for the transformer to be measured collects the real-time vibration signal and real-time sound signal during the operation of the transformer to be measured in real time and sends them to the terminal;

[0026] The automatic detection device of the transformer to be tested calculates the real-time on-off frequency value in real time and sends it to the terminal, and the real-time on-off frequency value is used to reflect the magnitude of the leakage magnetic field generated by the loosening and deformation of the windings in the transformer to be tested;

[0027] The terminal receives the real-time vibration signal and judges whether the real-time vibration signal is abnormal based on the reference vibration signal;

[0028] The terminal receives the real-time sound signal and judges whether the real-time sound signal is abnormal based on the reference sound signal;

[0029] The terminal receives the real-time on-off frequency value and judges whether the on-off frequency value is abnormal based on the reference frequency value;

[0030] When it is judged that the real-time on-off frequency value, the real-time sound signal and the real-time vibration signal are all abnormal, it is determined that the windings in the transformer to be tested have abnormal working conditions and a prompt message is generated.

[0031] Preferably, before the automatic detection device of the transformer to be tested collects the real-time vibration signal and the real-time sound signal during the operation of the transformer to be tested and sends them to the terminal, it further includes:

[0032] Select a transformer with good winding state as a prototype, and start the automatic detection device on the prototype;

[0033] Record the vibration signal, sound signal and on-off frequency value output by the automatic detection device on the prototype to the terminal continuously for a time T during the operation of the prototype;

[0034] The terminal receives the vibration signal and calculates the reference vibration signal according to all the vibration signals received within the time T;

[0035] The terminal receives the sound signal and calculates the reference sound signal according to all the sound signals received within the time T;

[0036] The terminal receives the on-off frequency value and calculates the reference frequency value according to all the on-off frequency values received within the time T, where the on-off frequency value is the on-off frequency of the travel switch in the data transmission mechanism (2) of the automatic detection device driven by the magnetic field force of the leakage magnetic field generated by the winding (11).

[0037] Preferably, the automatic detection device of the transformer to be tested collects the real-time vibration signal and the real-time sound signal during the operation of the transformer to be tested and sends them to the terminal, including:

[0038] In the automatic detection device, after the switch (208) is pressed, the data transmission mechanism (2) is activated;

[0039] The data transmission mechanism (2) continuously collects the real-time vibration signal of the transformer under test during operation through the vibration sensor (403);

[0040] The data transmission mechanism (2) continuously collects the real-time sound signal of the transformer under test during operation through the sound sensor (404);

[0041] The data transmission mechanism (2) sends the real-time vibration signal and the sound signal to the terminal through the wireless transmission module (207);

[0042] The automatic detection device of the transformer under test calculates the real-time on-off frequency value in real time and sends it to the terminal, including:

[0043] The data transmission mechanism (2) continuously receives the electrical signal input by the magnetic force detection mechanism (3), and calculates the real-time on-off frequency value according to the reception time of the electrical signal;

[0044] The data transmission mechanism (2) sends the real-time on-off frequency value to the terminal through the wireless transmission module (207).

[0045] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the automatic detection device for abnormal operation of the transformer winding provided by the embodiment of the present invention is specifically composed of a transformer box body, a data transmission mechanism, a magnetic force detection mechanism, a vibration detection mechanism and a fixing mechanism. The magnetic force detection mechanism detects the leakage magnetic field generated by the winding and outputs an electrical signal to the data transmission mechanism by controlling the on-off of the travel switch through the magnetic field force. The vibration detection mechanism collects the vibration signal and the sound signal during the operation of the transformer and transmits them to the data transmission mechanism; the data transmission mechanism calculates the on-off frequency value of the electrical signal and reports the on-off frequency value to the terminal for the terminal to judge whether the winding has abnormal operation according to the on-off frequency value; the data transmission mechanism reports the vibration signal and the sound signal to the terminal for the terminal to judge whether the winding has abnormal operation according to the vibration signal and the sound signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic detection device for abnormal operation of the transformer winding of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic sectional view of the overall structure of the automatic detection device for abnormal operation of the transformer winding of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the automatic detection device for abnormal operation of the transformer winding of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the vibration detection mechanism of the automatic detection device for abnormal operation of the transformer winding of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the connection ring of the automatic detection device for abnormal operation of the transformer winding of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism of the automatic detection device for abnormal operation of the transformer winding of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the magnetic force detection mechanism of the automatic detection device for abnormal operation of the transformer winding of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the data transmission mechanism of the automatic detection device for abnormal operation of the transformer winding of the present invention.

[0054] Reference numerals are: 1, transformer box body; 2, data transmission mechanism; 201, cover plate; 202, mounting plate; 203, main board; 204, vibration data module; 205, magnetic force data module; 206, sound data module; 207, wireless transmission module; 208, switch; 3, magnetic force detection mechanism; 301, housing; 302, first connecting plate; 303, first rotating block; 304, second connecting plate; 305, first connecting piece; 306, second connecting piece; 307, wire; 308, spring; 309, rotating rod; 3010, second rotating block; 3011, first connecting block; 4, vibration detection mechanism; 401, support block; 402, support plate; 403, vibration sensor; 404, sound sensor; 405, first permanent magnet; 406, fixing plate; 407, fixing pin; 408, fastening ring; 409, fixing cylinder; 4010, connecting ring; 4011, slider; 4012, second permanent magnet; 5, low-voltage bushing; 6, oil column; 7, high-voltage bushing; 8, side heat dissipation plate; 9, positive heat plate; 10, fixing mechanism; 1001, anti-collision pad; 1002, stabilizing plate; 1003, third rotating block; 1004, collar; 1005, sealing pad; 1006, threaded rod; 1007, sleeve; 11, winding; 12, mounting block; 13, high-voltage connecting block; 14, low-voltage connecting block. Detailed implementation manners

[0055] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. In addition, the forms of each structure described in the following embodiments are merely examples, and the automatic detection device and its detection method for abnormal operation of the transformer winding involved in the present invention are not limited to the structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] As Figure 1-8 shown, the automatic detection device for abnormal operation of the transformer winding provided by the present invention is composed of a transformer box body (1), a data transmission mechanism (2), a magnetic force detection mechanism (3), a vibration detection mechanism (4) and a fixing mechanism (10), wherein:

[0057] The data transmission mechanism (2) and the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) are both fixedly installed on the side of the transformer box body (1). As Figure 1 shown in the example, the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) is located below the data transmission mechanism (2); the vibration detection mechanism (4) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the transformer box body (1), and the fixing mechanism (10) is inside the transformer and located outside the winding (11) of the transformer;

[0058] Both the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) and the vibration detection mechanism (4) are electrically connected to the data transmission mechanism (2);

[0059] The magnetic force detection mechanism (3) is used to detect the leakage magnetic field generated by the winding (11) and output an electrical signal to the data transmission mechanism (2) by controlling the on-off of the travel switch through magnetic force. The vibration detection mechanism (4) is used to collect vibration signals and sound signals during the operation of the transformer and transmit them to the data transmission mechanism (2);

[0060] The data transmission mechanism (2) is used to calculate the on-off frequency value of the travel switch and report the on-off frequency value to the terminal for the terminal to judge whether the winding (11) has abnormal operation according to the on-off frequency value. The on-off frequency value is used to reflect the magnitude of the leakage magnetic field generated by the winding due to loosening and deformation; the data transmission mechanism (2) is used to report the vibration signal and the sound signal to the terminal for the terminal to judge whether the winding (11) has abnormal operation according to the vibration signal and the sound signal.

[0061] Specifically, as Figure 7 shown, the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) includes a housing (301), a first rotating block (303), a rotating rod (309), a second rotating block (3010), a travel switch and a wire (307), wherein:

[0062] Both ends of the rotating rod (309) are fixedly connected to the geometric center of the upper surface of the first rotating block (303) and the geometric center of the lower surface of the second rotating block (3010) respectively. A first through hole is provided on the side of the transformer box body (1). The rotating rod (309) passes through the first through hole. The first rotating block (303) is located outside the transformer box body (1), and the second rotating block (3010) is located inside the transformer box body (1). The second rotating block (3010) is made of magnetic material and rotates around the straight line where the rotating rod (309) is located under the action of magnetic force. The rotating rod (309) is affected by the force of the second rotating block (3010) and drives the first rotating block (303) to rotate clockwise. The first rotating block (303) is cylindrical, and N first connecting plates (302) are fixedly and evenly installed on the cylindrical side surface of the first rotating block (303). The included angles formed by the geometric centers of two adjacent first connecting plates (302) and the first rotating block (303) are the same.

[0063] The housing (301) is fixedly installed outside the transformer box body (1), and the first rotating block (303) is located inside the housing (301).

[0064] The travel switch consists of a first connecting block (3011), a second connecting plate (304), a spring (308), a first connecting piece (305), a second connecting piece (306), and a wire (307). A cylindrical first connecting block (3011) is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the housing (301). The second connecting plate (304) is movably sleeved on the first connecting block (3011). The front surface of the second connecting plate (304) faces the first rotating block (303), and the back surface of the second connecting plate (304) faces the inner side wall of the housing (301). The back surface of the second connecting plate (304) is connected to the inner side wall of the housing (301) through a spring (308). A first connecting piece (305) is fixedly installed on the back surface of the second connecting plate (304). A second connecting piece (306) is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the housing (301). One end of the wire (307) passes through the side wall of the housing (301) and is connected to the second connecting piece (306), and the other end of the wire (307) is connected to the data transmission mechanism (2). During the rotation of the first rotating block (303), the first rotating block (303) pushes the second connecting plate (304). The second connecting plate (304) rotates counterclockwise around the first connecting block (3011) under the thrust of the first rotating block (303) and compresses the spring (308) until the first connecting piece (305) contacts the second connecting piece (306), and the wire (307) conducts and transmits an electrical signal. After the first rotating block (303) leaves the second connecting plate (304), the second connecting plate (304) resets under the elastic force of the spring (308), the first connecting piece (305) leaves the second connecting piece (306), and the wire (307) stops transmitting the electrical signal. As Figure 7In the example, N is 4. That is, under the action of the magnetic force, within the time t for the second rotating block (3010) to rotate one week, the travel switch is triggered 4 times, the wire (307) transmits electrical signals outward 4 times, and the on-off frequency value is t / 4.

[0065] As Figure 1-3 shown, on each of two opposite sides of the upper surface of the transformer housing (1), a set of bushings is installed. One side is provided with a set of low-voltage bushings (5), and the other side is provided with a set of high-voltage bushings (7). The vibration detection mechanism (4) is located between the low-voltage bushing (5) and the high-voltage bushing (7). The oil column (6) of the transformer is fixedly installed between the low-voltage bushing (5) and the high-voltage bushing (7). Positive heat plates (9) are fixedly connected to the front and back of the transformer housing (1). A side heat dissipation plate (8) is fixedly installed on the first side of the transformer housing (1). By providing the side heat dissipation plate (8) and the positive heat plates (9), it is beneficial to accelerate the dissipation of the heat generated during the operation of the winding (11) and prevent the winding (11) from being damaged due to overheating. The data transmission mechanism (2) and the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) are installed on the second side of the transformer housing (1);

[0066] As Figure 3 and Figure 6 shown, the fixing mechanism (10) includes a mounting block (12), a high-voltage connection block (13), and a low-voltage connection block (14). The mounting block (12) is located between the bottom of the transformer housing (1) and the lower surface of the winding (11). The high-voltage connection block (13) is located between the lower side of the low-voltage bushing (5) and the upper surface of the winding (11). The low-voltage connection block (14) is located between the lower side of the high-voltage bushing (7) and the upper surface of the winding (11). The mounting block (12), the high-voltage connection block (13), and the low-voltage connection block (14) are all fixedly connected to the transformer housing (1) and jointly fill the gap between the winding (11) and the transformer housing (1), so that the winding (11) is stably installed inside the transformer housing (1). The winding (11) is connected to the low-voltage bushing (5) through a wire between the low-voltage connection block (14). The winding (11) is connected to the high-voltage bushing (7) through a wire between the high-voltage connection block (13). The top of the low-voltage connection block is wire-connected to the low-voltage bushing, and the top of the high-voltage connection block is wire-connected to the high-voltage bushing.

[0067] The fixing mechanism (10) further includes a stabilizing plate (1002), a third rotating block (1003), a collar (1004), a threaded rod (1006), and a sleeve (1007), where:

[0068] The stabilizing plate (1002) is U-shaped. An anti-collision pad (1001) is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the U-shaped groove of the stabilizing plate (1002). The anti-collision pad (1001) is used to contact the side surface of the winding. The stabilizing plate (1002) is located below the high-voltage connection block (13);

[0069] A collar (1004) is fixedly installed at the center position of the outer surface of the U-shaped groove of the stabilizing plate (1002). The third rotating block (1003) is located inside the collar (1004). The lower surface of the third rotating block (1003) contacts the surface of the transformer box body (1). After a sealing gasket (1005) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the third rotating block (1003), the bottom of a threaded rod (1006) is fixedly connected thereto. A second through hole is formed in the front surface of the transformer box body (1). A sleeve (1007) is fixedly installed on the inner edge of the second through hole and forms an angle of 90° with the front surface of the transformer box body (1). The threaded rod (1006) is located inside the sleeve (1007). The sleeve (1007) has an internal thread matching the external thread size of the threaded rod (1006). The head of the threaded rod (1006) has a grooved pattern. By rotating the threaded rod (1006) with a screwdriver, the sealing gasket (1005) of the stabilizing plate (1002) is pushed into close contact with the winding (11). The sealing gasket (1005) is used to seal the sleeve (1007). The threaded rod is movably sleeved with the sleeve. The shape of the sealing gasket is conical. The grooved pattern of the threaded rod is hexagonal. The material of the collar is rubber material.

[0070] The specific use of the fixing mechanism is as follows: During transportation, by a staff member turning the threaded rod (1006), the stabilizing plate (1002) is moved, and then the anti-collision pad (1001) is connected to the winding (11), making the winding (11) more stable during transportation. During installation, by a staff member turning the threaded rod (1006), the sealing gasket (1005) is moved, so that the sleeve (1007) is sealed.

[0071] Such as Figure 8As shown in the figure, the data transmission mechanism (2) is composed of a cover plate (201), a mounting plate (202), and a main board (203). The mounting plate (202) is fixedly installed on the side surface of the transformer box body (1), and the main board (203) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (202). A vibration data module (204), a magnetic force data module (205), a sound data module (206), and a wireless transmission module (207) are installed on the main board (203). The vibration data module (204), the magnetic force data module (205), the sound data module (206), and the wireless transmission module (207) are all electrically connected to the controller in the main board (203). The vibration data module (204) is used to receive the vibration signal collected by the vibration sensor (403) and analyze the vibration frequency according to the vibration signal. The wire (307) is connected to the magnetic force data module (205) of the main board (203). The magnetic force data module (205) is used to receive the contact signal of the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) through the wire (307). The sound data module (206) is used to receive the sound signal collected by the sound sensor (404). The wireless transmission module (207) is used to transmit the vibration frequency data, the contact signal, and the sound data to the terminal in real time, which is beneficial to transmitting the detection data into the computer for the staff to view. The cover plate (201) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (202) and places the main board (203) between the cover plate (201) and the mounting plate (202). A switch (208) is movably sleeved in the middle of the cover plate (201). One end of the switch (208) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate and is electrically connected to the controller of the main board (203). A ventilation hole is provided on one side of the cover plate.

[0072] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown in the figure, the vibration detection mechanism (4) is composed of a support block (401), a support plate (402), a vibration sensor (403), a sound sensor (404), a first permanent magnet (405), a fixing plate (406), a fixing pin (407), a fixing cylinder (409), a fastening ring (408), a connecting ring (4010), a slider (4011), and a second permanent magnet (4012), where:

[0073] The lower surface of the support block (401) is fixedly connected to the surface of the transformer box body. The upper surface of the support block (401) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate (402). The upper surface of the support plate (402) has a groove. The fixing plate (406) is located above the support plate (402). The fixing plate (406) has a pin hole. The fixing pin (407) is inserted into the pin hole and placed in the groove to keep the relative position between the support block (401) and the fixing plate (406) fixed. The size of the pin hole and the size of the groove both match the fixing pin (407).

[0074] At both the left and right ends of the support plate (402), there are U-shaped grooves with the same shape and size for placing the connection ring (4010). The two groove side walls of the U-shaped groove are L-shaped sliding rails, and the bottom of the U-shaped groove is semi-circular and fits the semi-circular outer edge of the connection ring (4010). The two groove walls of the U-shaped groove are set as L-shaped sliding rails. A pair of sliders (4011) are symmetrically arranged on the outer edge of the connection ring (4010). The two sliders (4011) are placed on the two L-shaped sliding rails. When the connection ring (4010) is pushed, the two sliders (4011) can slide on the L-shaped sliding rails. The upper surface of the connection ring (4010) has an annular groove, and a second permanent magnet (4012) is installed in the annular groove. The lower surface of the connection ring (4010) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top of the fixed cylinder (409). The bottom of the fixed cylinder has a threaded ring structure, and there is a shrinkage groove on the threaded ring structure. The threaded ring structure forms a rotational connection with the internal threaded structure of the fastening ring (408). The size of the threaded ring structure of the fixed cylinder (409) is larger than the size of the internal threaded structure of the fastening ring (408). The inner surface of the fixed cylinder (409) is fixedly connected with an anti-slip pad. The vibration sensor (403) or the sound sensor (404) is located inside the threaded ring structure of the fixed cylinder (409). After the fastening ring (408) is tightened, the vibration sensor (403) or the sound sensor (404) is fixed between the fixed cylinder (409).

[0075] In the two U-shaped grooves of the support plate (402), the bottom of the left U-shaped groove and the bottom of the right U-shaped groove are symmetrically arranged with the groove as the center. The vibration sensor (403) is located in the fixed cylinder (409) in the left U-shaped groove, and the sound sensor (404) is located in the fixed cylinder (409) in the right U-shaped groove. The lower surface of the support plate (402) is fixedly installed with two first permanent magnets (405). The size of the first permanent magnets (405) is the same as that of the second permanent magnet (4012), but the polarities are opposite. The two first permanent magnets (405) are respectively located directly above the two annular grooves. The first permanent magnets (405) play a role in positioning and fixing the connection ring (4010). Through the magnetic connection between the first permanent magnet (405) and the second permanent magnet (4012), the vibration sensor (403) and the sound sensor (404) are firmly connected to the support plate (402) and remain relatively fixed.

[0076] The above-mentioned terminal can specifically be a computer device, that is, a terminal device with communication capabilities and data calculation and analysis capabilities.

[0077] In the automatic detection device of the present invention, the on-off of the travel switch is driven by the magnetic field force of the winding leakage magnetic flux, and the on-off frequency value is analyzed. The on-off frequency value can be used to analyze the magnetic force generated by the winding, so as to detect whether the winding is deformed and reflect the actual working state of the winding. In addition, the vibration signal and the sound signal during the operation of the transformer are collected simultaneously.

[0078] The present invention is provided with a switch, which is conducive to starting the detection device. By providing a wireless transmission module, it is conducive to transmitting the detection data into the computer for the staff to view.

[0079] The present invention is provided with a threaded rod, which is conducive to moving the stabilizing plate, thereby fixing the winding. By providing an anti-collision pad, it is conducive to preventing the winding from being bruised. By providing a sealing pad, it is conducive to closing the sleeve and preventing the cooling oil from leaking.

[0080] Furthermore, the present invention also provides an automatic detection method for abnormal operation of a transformer winding, and the implementation subject is Figure 1-8 the automatic detection equipment for abnormal operation of the transformer winding, and the steps include:

[0081] Step S11, the automatic detection equipment of the transformer to be tested collects the real-time vibration signal and real-time sound signal during the operation of the transformer to be tested and sends them to the terminal;

[0082] Step S12, the automatic detection equipment of the transformer to be tested calculates the real-time on-off frequency value in real time and sends it to the terminal. Among them, the real-time on-off frequency value is the on-off frequency of the magnetic field force triggering the travel switch, which is used to reflect the magnitude of the leakage magnetic field generated by the winding in the transformer to be tested due to loosening and deformation;

[0083] Step S13, the terminal receives the real-time vibration signal and judges whether the real-time vibration signal is abnormal based on the reference vibration signal;

[0084] Step S14, the terminal receives the real-time sound signal and judges whether the real-time sound signal is abnormal based on the reference sound signal;

[0085] Step S15, the terminal receives the real-time on-off frequency value and judges whether the on-off frequency value is abnormal based on the reference frequency value;

[0086] Step S16, when it is judged that the real-time on-off frequency value, the real-time sound signal and the real-time vibration signal are all abnormal, it is determined that the winding in the transformer to be tested has an abnormal working condition and a prompt message is generated.

[0087] Among them, the reference signals and reference values mentioned in Step S13, Step S14, and Step S15 are preset after data analysis. The specific preset steps include:

[0088] Step S21, select a transformer with good winding state as a prototype and start the automatic detection equipment on the prototype;

[0089] Step S22, record the vibration signal, sound signal and on-off frequency value output by the automatic detection equipment on the prototype to the terminal continuously for T time during the operation of the prototype;

[0090] Step S23: The terminal receives vibration signals and calculates a reference vibration signal based on all the vibration signals received within time T. The specific calculation process may include: First, remove abnormal signals, then take the average of the parameters of multiple vibration signals (such as vibration frequency values), and then add the error range to obtain the parameter values of the reference vibration signal.

[0091] Step S24: The terminal receives sound signals and calculates a reference sound signal based on all the sound signals received within time T. The specific calculation process may include: First, remove abnormal signals, then take the average of the parameters of multiple sound signals (such as decibel values), and then add the error range to obtain the parameter values of the reference sound signal.

[0092] Step S25: The terminal receives on-off frequency values and calculates a reference frequency value based on all the on-off frequency values received within time T. The on-off frequency value is the on frequency of the travel switch in the data transmission mechanism (2) of the automatic detection device under the driving action of the magnetic force generated by the leakage magnetic field of the winding (11). The specific calculation process may include: After removing abnormal values, take the average value as the reference frequency value.

[0093] Specifically, the specific process of the automatic detection device of the transformer under test for real-time collecting the real-time vibration signal and real-time sound signal during the operation of the transformer under test and sending them to the terminal is as follows:

[0094] Step S31: In the automatic detection device, after the switch (208) is pressed, the data transmission mechanism (2) is started.

[0095] Step S32: The data transmission mechanism (2) continuously collects the real-time vibration signal during the operation of the transformer under test through the vibration sensor (403).

[0096] Step S33: The data transmission mechanism (2) continuously collects the real-time sound signal during the operation of the transformer under test through the sound sensor (404).

[0097] Step S34: The data transmission mechanism (2) sends the real-time vibration signal and sound signal to the terminal through the wireless transmission module (207).

[0098] Specifically, the specific process of the automatic detection device of the transformer under test for real-time calculating the real-time on-off frequency value and sending it to the terminal includes:

[0099] Step S41: The data transmission mechanism (2) continuously receives the electrical signal input by the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) and calculates the real-time on-off frequency value according to the reception time of the electrical signal.

[0100] Step S42: The data transmission mechanism (2) sends the real-time on-off frequency value to the terminal through the wireless transmission module (207).

[0101] The above terminal can be a computer. The wireless transmission module 207 transmits data to the computer via 5G, and the computer further performs data analysis. Internal staff can directly view relevant information on the computer.

[0102] In the automatic detection method for abnormal operation of the transformer winding of the present invention, the on-off of the travel switch is driven by the magnetic field force of the winding leakage magnetic flux, and the on-off frequency, that is, the on-off frequency value, is analyzed. The on-off frequency value can be used to analyze the magnitude of the magnetic force generated by the winding, so as to detect whether the winding is deformed and reflect the actual working state of the winding. In addition, auxiliary judgment is carried out according to the vibration signal and sound signal during the operation of the transformer at the same time. When the vibration signal, sound signal and on-off frequency value are all abnormal, it can be determined that the winding of the transformer is operating abnormally and needs to be repaired.

[0103] Finally, several points should be noted: First, in the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, which can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or the internal connection of two components, and can be directly connected. The terms "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to represent the relative position relationship. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative position relationship may change;

[0104] Second: In the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments of the present invention are involved. For other structures, reference can be made to the usual designs. Without conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other;

[0105] Finally: The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic detection device for abnormal operation of a transformer winding, characterized in that, Including: A transformer box body (1), a data transmission mechanism (2), a magnetic force detection mechanism (3), a vibration detection mechanism (4), and a fixing mechanism (10), where: The data transmission mechanism (2) and the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) are both fixedly installed on the side of the transformer box body (1), the vibration detection mechanism (4) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the transformer box body (1), and the fixing mechanism (10) is inside the transformer and located outside the winding (11) of the transformer; Both the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) and the vibration detection mechanism (4) are electrically connected to the data transmission mechanism (2); The magnetic force detection mechanism (3) is used to detect the leakage magnetic field generated by the winding (11) and output an electrical signal to the data transmission mechanism (2) by controlling the on / off of a travel switch through magnetic force. The vibration detection mechanism (4) is used to collect vibration signals and sound signals when the transformer is working and transmit them to the data transmission mechanism (2); The data transmission mechanism (2) is used to calculate the on / off frequency value of the travel switch and report the on / off frequency value to a terminal, so that the terminal can judge whether the winding (11) has an abnormal working condition according to the on / off frequency value. The on / off frequency value is used to reflect the magnitude of the leakage magnetic field generated by the winding due to loosening and deformation. The data transmission mechanism (2) is used to report the vibration signal and the sound signal to the terminal, so that the terminal can judge whether the winding (11) has an abnormal working condition according to the vibration signal and the sound signal.

2. The automatic detection device for abnormal operation of a transformer winding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic force detection mechanism (3) includes a housing (301), a first rotating block (303), a rotating rod (309), a second rotating block (3010), a travel switch, and a wire (307), where: Both ends of the rotating rod (309) are fixedly connected to the geometric center of the upper surface of the first rotating block (303) and the geometric center of the lower surface of the second rotating block (3010) respectively. A first through hole is provided on the side of the transformer box body (1), and the rotating rod (309) passes through the first through hole. The first rotating block (303) is located outside the transformer box body (1), and the second rotating block (3010) is located inside the transformer box body (1). The second rotating block (3010) is made of a magnetic material and rotates around the straight line where the rotating rod (309) is located under the action of magnetic force. The rotating rod (309) is driven by the force of the second rotating block (3010) to drive the first rotating block (303) to rotate clockwise. The first rotating block (303) is cylindrical, and N first connecting plates (302) are fixedly installed on the cylindrical side surface of the first rotating block (303) at equal intervals. The included angle formed by the geometric center of the first rotating block (303) and two adjacent first connecting plates (302) is the same; The housing (301) is fixedly installed outside the transformer box body (1), and the first rotating block (303) is located inside the housing (301); The travel switch consists of a first connection block (3011), a second connection plate (304), a spring (308), a first connection piece (305), a second connection piece (306), and a wire (307). A cylindrical first connection block (3011) is fixedly installed on the inner sidewall of the housing (301). The second connection plate (304) is movably installed on the first connection block (3011). The front side of the second connection plate (304) faces the first rotating block (303), and the back side of the second connection plate (304) faces the inner sidewall of the housing (301). The back side of the second connection plate (304) is connected to the inner sidewall of the housing (301) by the spring (308). The first connection piece (305) is fixedly installed on the back side of the second connection plate (304). The second connection piece (306) is fixedly installed on the inner sidewall of the housing (301). One end of the wire (307) passes through the sidewall of the housing (301) and is connected to the second connection piece (306), and the other end of the wire (307) is connected to the data transmission mechanism (2). During the rotation of the first rotating block (303), the first rotating block (303) pushes the second connection plate (304); under the thrust of the first rotating block (303), the second connection plate (304) rotates counterclockwise around the first connection block (3011) and compresses the spring (308) until the first connection piece (305) contacts the second connection piece (306), and the wire (307) conducts and transmits the electrical signal; after the first rotating block (303) leaves the second connection plate (304), the second connection plate (304) resets under the elastic force of the spring (308), the first connection piece (305) leaves the second connection piece (306), and the wire (307) stops transmitting the electrical signal.

3. The automatic detection device for abnormal operation of a transformer winding according to claim 2, characterized in that On each of two opposite sides of the upper surface of the transformer box body (1), a set of bushings is installed. On one side, a set of low-voltage bushings (5) is provided, and on the other side, a set of high-voltage bushings (7) is provided. The vibration detection mechanism (4) is located between the low-voltage bushings (5) and the high-voltage bushings (7). The oil column (6) of the transformer is fixedly installed between the low-voltage bushings (5) and the high-voltage bushings (7). Positive heat plates (9) are fixedly connected to both the front and back surfaces of the transformer box body (1). A side heat dissipation plate (8) is fixedly installed on the first side surface of the transformer box body (1). The data transmission mechanism (2) and the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) are installed on the second side surface of the transformer box body (1); The fixing mechanism (10) includes a mounting block (12), a high-voltage connection block (13) and a low-voltage connection block (14). The mounting block (12) is located between the bottom of the transformer casing (1) and the lower surface of the winding (11). The high-voltage connection block (13) is located between the lower part directly below the high-voltage bushing (7) and the upper surface of the winding (11). The low-voltage connection block (14) is located between the lower part directly below the low-voltage bushing (5) and the upper surface of the winding (11). The mounting block (12), the high-voltage connection block (13) and the low-voltage connection block (14) are all fixedly connected to the transformer casing (1) and jointly fill the gap between the winding (11) and the transformer casing (1), so that the winding (11) is stably installed inside the transformer casing (1). The winding (11) is connected by a wire between the low-voltage connection block (14) and the low-voltage bushing (5), and the winding (11) is connected by a wire between the high-voltage connection block (13) and the high-voltage bushing (7).

4. The automatic detection device for abnormal operation of a transformer winding according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism (10) further includes a stabilizing plate (1002), a third rotating block (1003), a collar (1004), a threaded rod (1006), and a sleeve (1007): The stabilizing plate (1002) is U-shaped. An anti-collision pad (1001) is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the U-shaped groove of the stabilizing plate (1002). The anti-collision pad (1001) is used to contact the side surface of the winding. The stabilizing plate (1002) is located below the high-voltage connection block (13). The collar (1004) is fixedly installed at the center position of the outer surface of the U-shaped groove of the stabilizing plate (1002). The third rotating block (1003) is located inside the collar (1004). The lower surface of the third rotating block (1003) contacts the surface of the transformer casing (1). After a sealing pad (1005) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the third rotating block (1003), the bottom of the threaded rod (1006) is fixedly connected thereto. A second through hole is formed in the front surface of the transformer casing (1). The sleeve (1007) is fixedly installed on the inner edge of the second through hole and forms an angle of 90° with the front surface of the transformer casing (1). The threaded rod (1006) is located inside the sleeve (1007). The sleeve (1007) has an internal thread matching the external thread size of the threaded rod (1006). The head of the threaded rod (1006) has a grooved pattern. By rotating the threaded rod (1006) with a screwdriver, the sealing pad (1005) of the stabilizing plate (1002) is pushed into close contact with the winding (11). The sealing pad (1005) is used to seal the sleeve (1007).

5. The automatic detection device for abnormal operation of a transformer winding according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data transmission mechanism (2) consists of a cover plate (201), a mounting plate (202), and a main board (203). The mounting plate (202) is fixedly installed on the side surface of the transformer box body (1). The main board (203) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (202). A vibration data module (204), a magnetic force data module (205), a sound data module (206), and a wireless transmission module (207) are installed on the main board (203). The vibration data module (204), the magnetic force data module (205), the sound data module (206), and the wireless transmission module (207) are all electrically connected to the controller in the main board (203). The vibration data module (204) is used to receive the vibration signal collected by the vibration sensor (403) and analyze the vibration frequency according to the vibration signal. The wire (307) is connected to the magnetic force data module (205) of the main board (203). The magnetic force data module (205) is used to receive the contact signal of the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) through the wire (307). The sound data module (206) is used to receive the sound signal collected by the sound sensor (404). The wireless transmission module (207) is used to transmit the vibration frequency data, the contact signal, and the sound data to the terminal in real time. The cover plate (201) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (202) and places the main board (203) between the cover plate (201) and the mounting plate (202). A switch (208) is movably sleeved in the middle of the cover plate (201). The switch (208) is electrically connected to the controller of the main board (203).

6. The automatic detection device for abnormal operation of a transformer winding according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vibration detection mechanism (4) includes a support block (401), a support plate (402), a vibration sensor (403), a sound sensor (404), a first permanent magnet (405), a fixing plate (406), a fixing pin (407), a fixing cylinder (409), a fastening ring (408), a connecting ring (4010), a slider (4011), and a second permanent magnet (4012), where: The lower surface of the support block (401) is fixedly connected to the surface of the transformer box body. The upper surface of the support block (401) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate (402). The upper surface of the support plate (402) has a groove. The fixing plate (406) is located above the support plate (402). The fixing plate (406) has a pin hole. The fixing pin (407) is inserted into the pin hole and placed in the groove to keep the relative position between the support block (401) and the fixing plate (406) fixed. The size of the pin hole and the size of the groove are both matched with the fixing pin (407). At both the left and right ends of the support plate (402), there are U-shaped grooves with the same shape and size for placing the connecting ring (4010). The two groove side walls of the U-shaped groove are L-shaped slide rails, and the groove bottom of the U-shaped groove is semi-circular and fits with the semi-circular outer edge of the connecting ring (4010). The two groove walls of the U-shaped groove are arranged as L-shaped slide rails. A pair of the sliders (4011) are symmetrically arranged on the outer edge of the connecting ring (4010), and the two sliders (4011) are placed on the two L-shaped slide rails. The upper surface of the connecting ring (4010) has an annular groove, and the second permanent magnet (4012) is installed in the annular groove. The lower surface of the connecting ring (4010) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top of the fixed cylinder (409). The bottom of the fixed cylinder has a threaded ring structure, and there is a shrinkage groove on the threaded ring structure. The threaded ring structure is rotationally connected with the internal threaded structure of the fastening ring (408). The size of the threaded ring structure of the fixed cylinder (409) is larger than the size of the internal threaded structure of the fastening ring (408). The inner surface of the fixed cylinder (409) is fixedly connected with an anti-slip pad. The vibration sensor (403) or the sound sensor (404) is located inside the threaded ring structure of the fixed cylinder (409). After the fastening ring (408) is tightened, the vibration sensor (403) or the sound sensor (404) is fixed with respect to the fixed cylinder (409).

7. The automatic detection device for abnormal operation of a transformer winding according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the two U-shaped grooves of the support plate (402), the groove bottom of the left U-shaped groove and the groove bottom of the right U-shaped groove are symmetrically arranged with the groove as the center. The vibration sensor (403) is located in the fixed cylinder (409) in the left U-shaped groove, and the sound sensor (404) is located in the fixed cylinder (409) in the right U-shaped groove. Two first permanent magnets (405) are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the support plate (402). The size of the first permanent magnets (405) is the same as that of the second permanent magnet (4012), but the polarities are opposite. The two first permanent magnets (405) are respectively located directly above the two annular grooves. The first permanent magnets (405) play a role in positioning and fixing the connecting ring (4010). Through the magnetic connection between the first permanent magnets (405) and the second permanent magnet (4012), the vibration sensor (403) and the sound sensor (404) are firmly connected to the support plate (402) and remain relatively fixed.

8. An automatic detection method for abnormal operation of a transformer winding, characterized in that, The implementation subject is the automatic detection device for abnormal operation of the transformer winding according to any one of claims 5-7. The steps include: The automatic detection device of the transformer to be measured collects the vibration signal and sound signal during the operation of the transformer to be measured in real time and sends them to the terminal; The automatic detection device of the transformer to be measured calculates the on-off frequency value in real time and sends it to the terminal. The on-off frequency value is the on-off frequency of the travel switch in the automatic detection device triggered by the magnetic force, and the on-off frequency value is used to reflect the magnitude of the leakage magnetic field generated by the loosening and deformation of the winding in the transformer to be measured; The terminal receives the vibration signal and determines whether the vibration signal is abnormal based on a reference vibration signal; The terminal receives the sound signal and determines whether the sound signal is abnormal based on a reference sound signal; The terminal receives the on-off frequency value and determines whether the on-off frequency value is abnormal based on a reference frequency value; When it is determined that the on-off frequency value, the sound signal, and the vibration signal are all abnormal, it is determined that the windings in the transformer under test are operating abnormally and a prompt message is generated.

9. The automatic detection method for abnormal operation of a transformer winding according to claim 8, wherein Before the automatic detection device of the transformer under test collects the vibration signal and the sound signal during the operation of the transformer under test and sends them to the terminal in real time, it further includes: Select a transformer with good winding status as a prototype and start the automatic detection device on the prototype; Record the vibration signal, the sound signal, and the on-off frequency value output by the automatic detection device on the prototype to the terminal continuously for a duration of T during the operation of the prototype; The terminal receives the vibration signal and calculates the reference vibration signal based on all the vibration signals received within the duration of T; The terminal receives the sound signal and calculates the reference sound signal based on all the sound signals received within the duration of T; The terminal receives the on-off frequency value and calculates the reference frequency value based on all the on-off frequency values received within the duration of T, where the on-off frequency value is the switching-on frequency of the travel switch in the data transmission mechanism (2) of the automatic detection device driven by the magnetic field force of the leakage magnetic field generated by the winding (11).

10. The automatic detection method for abnormal operation of a transformer winding according to claim 9, wherein The automatic detection device of the transformer under test collects the vibration signal and the sound signal during the operation of the transformer under test and sends them to the terminal in real time, including: In the automatic detection device, after the switch (208) is pressed, the data transmission mechanism (2) is started; The data transmission mechanism (2) continuously collects the vibration signal during the operation of the transformer under test through the vibration sensor (403); The data transmission mechanism (2) continuously collects the sound signal during the operation of the transformer under test through the sound sensor (404); The data transmission mechanism (2) sends the vibration signal and the sound signal to the terminal through the wireless transmission module (207); The automatic detection device of the transformer under test calculates the on-off frequency value in real time and sends it to the terminal, including: The data transmission mechanism (2) continuously receives the electrical signal input by the magnetic force detection mechanism (3) and calculates the on-off frequency value based on the reception time of the electrical signal; The data transmission mechanism (2) sends the on-off frequency value to the terminal through the wireless transmission module (207).

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