A tunnel boring machine escape device and escape method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for disengaging a tunnel boring machine, comprising a lever assembly; the lever assembly comprises a first telescopic member, a lever arm, and a reset assembly; the other end of the lever arm can mesh with a gear ring on the tunnel boring machine; the reset assembly comprises a movable arm and a second telescopic member; the second telescopic member is used to drive the lever arm to move in the tunneling direction; when the tunnel boring machine is normally excavating, the lever arm is disengaged from the gear ring and does not interfere with the normal excavation construction of the tunnel boring machine. When the tunnel boring machine needs to be disengaged, the gear ring can obtain a large torque through the lever principle, which can greatly improve the ability of the cutterhead to disengage without affecting the structural strength of the cutterhead and the arrangement of the tools, without occupying the cutterhead space, and can complete the tunnel boring machine disengagement under harsh working conditions. The present invention also discloses a method for disengaging a tunnel boring machine, wherein the method selects different numbers of lever assemblies to assist the tunnel boring machine in disengaging according to the actual degree of distress of the tunnel boring machine, avoiding the use of excessive torque for disengagement when the tunnel boring machine is slightly trapped, thereby wasting power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel boring machines, and in particular to a tunnel boring machine escape device and escape method. Background Art

[0002] The main reason why TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) gets stuck is that the main drive torque cannot meet the requirements for getting out of trouble. There are two ways to solve the jam problem with existing technology: one is to directly increase the main drive's escape torque and rely on the improvement of driving capacity to get out of trouble; the other is to use other auxiliary means to get out of trouble; due to equipment space limitations and motor maximum torque limitations, it is obviously impossible to increase the drive torque by infinitely increasing the number of drive motors or improving the motor capacity. Therefore, using other methods to assist in getting out of trouble is a more effective way.

[0003] However, the existing escape devices have the following problems: 1. They take up a lot of space, affecting the entire cutterhead structure and tool arrangement, and affecting the cutterhead performance; 2. They provide little power, which is insufficient to free the TBM; 3. They are not very flexible and easily interfere with the operation of the cutterhead.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for a roadheader escape device and escape method that takes up little space, has sufficient power and high flexibility to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a roadheader escape device and escape method to solve the problems existing in the prior art. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0006] A tunnel boring machine escape device includes a lever assembly; the lever assembly includes a first telescopic member, a lever arm and a reset assembly; one end of the first telescopic member is movably connected to the tunnel boring machine, and the other end is movably connected to one end of the lever arm; the other end of the lever arm is used to move the gear ring of the tunnel boring machine; the reset assembly includes a movable arm and a second telescopic member; the movable arm is slidably arranged on the tunnel boring machine along the tunneling direction; the lever arm is hinged to the movable arm; the two ends of the second telescopic member are respectively connected to the tunnel boring machine and the movable arm, and the second telescopic member is used to drive the lever arm to move in the tunneling direction.

[0007] The above technical solution is preferred, wherein the reset assembly also includes a fixed seat; the fixed seat is arranged on the tunneling machine, and the fixed seat is provided with a guide groove along the tunneling direction; a sliding part is provided on the movable arm that cooperates with the guide groove, and the sliding part is slidably arranged on the main drive of the tunneling machine through the guide groove.

[0008] Preferably, the above technical solution comprises: the reset assembly further comprising a connecting piece; the lever arm and the movable arm are hingedly connected via the connecting piece.

[0009] Preferably, the above technical solution is that the movable arm is arranged inside the lever arm.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the distance between the connecting piece and one end of the lever arm is L1, the distance between the connecting piece and the other end of the lever arm is L2, and the ratio of L1:L2 is 3-7:1.

[0011] Preferably, the other end of the lever arm is provided with a shifting tooth engaged with the gear ring.

[0012] The above technical solution is preferred, wherein the two ends of the first telescopic member are respectively hinged to the lever arm and the main drive of the tunnel boring machine; the two ends of the second telescopic member are respectively hinged to the main drive and the movable arm of the tunnel boring machine; the first telescopic member and the second telescopic member are both telescopic cylinders.

[0013] Preferably, the above technical solution is such that a plurality of lever assemblies are arranged along the circumference of the tunnel boring machine.

[0014] A method for getting a roadheader out of trouble, using the roadheader out of trouble device, comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step S1: Determine the number of lever assemblies that need to be operated based on the degree of entrapment;

[0016] Step S2: The second telescopic member extends toward the tunnel face, and the movable arm drives the lever arm to move toward the tunnel face until the other end of the lever arm can engage with the gear ring of the tunnel boring machine;

[0017] Step S3: The first telescopic member operates, driving the lever arm to move the gear ring so that the cutter head of the tunnel boring machine rotates, and the tunnel boring machine moves forward;

[0018] Step S4: After the tunnel boring machine escapes from the trapped road section, the second telescopic member retracts, and the movable arm drives the lever arm to move in a direction away from the tunnel face until the other end of the lever arm disengages from the ring gear of the tunnel boring machine, and the escape work is completed.

[0019] The above technical solution is preferred. In step S3, when the power of the first telescopic member is insufficient to drive the lever arm to move the ring gear, the cutterhead motor on the tunnel boring machine is started, and the first telescopic member and the cutterhead motor are used to cooperate to drive the cutterhead to rotate.

[0020] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The tunnel boring machine escape device of the present invention includes a lever assembly; the lever assembly includes a first telescopic member, a lever arm and a reset assembly; one end of the first telescopic member is movably connected to the tunnel boring machine, and the other end is movably connected to one end of the lever arm; the other end of the lever arm can engage with the gear ring on the tunnel boring machine; the reset assembly includes a movable arm and a second telescopic member; the second telescopic member is used to drive the lever arm to move in the tunneling direction; when the tunnel boring machine is normally excavating, the lever arm is disengaged from the gear ring and does not interfere with the normal excavation construction of the tunnel boring machine. When the tunnel boring machine needs to escape, the gear ring can obtain a large torque through the lever principle, which can greatly improve the cutter disc escape ability without affecting the cutter disc structural strength and tool arrangement, and does not occupy the cutter disc space, and can complete the tunnel boring machine escape under harsh working conditions.

[0022] (2) The present invention can limit the movable direction of the movable arm through the cooperation of the sliding part and the guide groove, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the structure.

[0023] (3) The lever arm and the movable arm of the present invention are hinged by a connecting piece, and the connection strength is high; preferably, the movable arm is arranged inside the lever arm, which has a compact structure and a small space occupancy rate.

[0024] (4) The ratio L1:L2 of the present invention is 3-7:1, which can give full play to the amplifying effect of the lever, so that the gear ring and the cutter disc can obtain large torque to get out of trouble.

[0025] (5) When the tunnel boring machine is trapped, the shifting teeth can cooperate with the gear ring at any time. Compared with the existing technology, the shifting teeth engagement method of the present invention does not require adjusting the cutter head state (the cutter head state is difficult to adjust when trapped) to cater to the escape device when the tunnel boring machine is trapped, and has good practicality.

[0026] (6) The first telescopic member and the second telescopic member of the present invention are both telescopic oil cylinders with strong power and are suitable for excavation construction.

[0027] (7) The multiple lever assemblies of the present invention are arranged along the circumference of the tunnel boring machine, the gear ring is subjected to reasonable force, and the space occupancy rate is small. The present invention can increase or decrease the number of lever assemblies as needed and control the working status of the multiple lever assemblies when getting out of trouble according to actual working conditions to meet different escape needs.

[0028] The method for freeing a tunnel boring machine of the present invention selects different numbers of lever assemblies to assist the tunnel boring machine in freeing itself according to the actual degree of entrapment of the tunnel boring machine, thereby avoiding the use of excessive torque for freeing itself when the tunnel boring machine is slightly trapped, thereby causing waste of power.

[0029] In the tunnel boring machine escape method of the present invention, when the force of the first telescopic member is insufficient to drive the lever arm to move the gear ring, the cutter head motor on the tunnel boring machine is started, so that the cutter head escape torque is instantly and significantly increased, thereby achieving escape and being able to adapt to working conditions when seriously trapped.

[0030] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0032] In the attached figure:

[0033] Figure 1 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the roadheader escape device of this embodiment;

[0034] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the A-direction perspective;

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the B-direction perspective;

[0036] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A vertical cross-section of the movable arm, lever arm, and fixed seat;

[0037] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A top view of the middle fixing seat;

[0038] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 sectional view of

[0039] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the shifting gear and the gear ring in this embodiment (only the partial structure is shown in the figure);

[0040] Among them, 1. First telescopic part; 2. Lever arm; 2.1. Shifting gear; 3. Reset assembly; 3.1. Movable arm; 3.11. Sliding part; 3.2. Second telescopic part; 3.3. Fixed seat; 3.31. Guide groove; 3.4. Connecting part; 4. Gear ring; 5. Cutting disc; 6. Main drive; 7. Cutting disc motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0042] Example:

[0043] A roadheader escape device includes a lever assembly; the lever assembly includes a first telescopic member 1, a lever arm 2, and a reset assembly 3;

[0044] The number of lever assemblies in this embodiment is selected according to actual working conditions, preferably according to the geological conditions of construction. Multiple groups of lever assemblies in this embodiment are arranged on the main drive 6 of the tunnel boring machine along the circumference of the tunnel boring machine.

[0045] One end of the first telescopic member 1 is movably connected (hinged) to the main drive 6. Specifically, a mounting seat corresponding to the first telescopic member 1 is fixedly provided on the main drive 6. One end of the first telescopic member 1 is hinged to the mounting seat through a pin shaft. The other end of the first telescopic member 1 is movably connected (hinged) to one end of the lever arm 2. The other end of the lever arm 2 can engage with the ring gear 4 of the tunnel boring machine (the ring gear 4 is fixedly connected to the cutter disc 5). When it is necessary to escape, the first telescopic member 1 provides power to drive the other end of the lever arm 2 to move the ring gear 4, thereby escaping.

[0046] Preferably, a shifting tooth 2.1 is provided on the other end of the lever arm 2, and the shifting tooth 2.1 can engage with the ring gear 4, thereby shifting the ring gear 4 to rotate.

[0047] The reset assembly 3 is used to drive the lever arm 2 to move in the excavation direction, specifically as follows:

[0048] The reset assembly 3 includes a movable arm 3.1, a second telescopic member 3.2, a fixed seat 3.3 and a connecting member 3.4; the fixed seat 3.3 is fixed to the main drive 6; the movable arm 3.1 is slidably arranged on the fixed seat 3.3, and the movable arm 3.1 can slide back and forth in the excavation direction, and the sliding arrangement is as follows: the fixed seat 3.3 is provided with a guide groove 3.31 along the excavation direction, and a sliding portion 3.11 is provided on the movable arm 3.1, and the sliding portion 3.11 is slidably arranged in the guide groove 3.31. Through the cooperation of the sliding portion 3.11 and the guide groove 3.31, the movable arm 3.1 can only slide back and forth in the excavation direction; the two ends of the second telescopic member 3.2 are respectively movably connected (hinged) to the movable arm 3.1 and the main drive 6, and the second telescopic member 3.2 is extended and retracted to drive the movable arm 3.1 to slide back and forth in the excavation direction;

[0049] The lever arm 2 and the movable arm 3.1 are hingedly connected by a connecting member 3.4 (preferably a pin). Specifically, the movable arm 3.1 is inserted into the lever arm 2, and the connecting member 3.4 is arranged to pass through the movable arm 3.1 and the lever arm 2. The lever arm 2 can rotate around the connecting member 3.4, thereby shifting the ring gear 4. Here, the connecting member 3.4 provides a rotation fulcrum for the lever arm 2. The distance between the connecting member 3.4 and one end of the lever arm 2 is L1, and the distance between the connecting member 3.4 and the other end of the lever arm 2 (i.e., the end close to the ring gear 4) is L2. The ratio L1:L2 is 3-7:1 (preferably 5:1 in this embodiment).

[0050] In this embodiment, there are several points that need to be explained:

[0051] 1. The movable arm 3.1 can be slidably arranged on the main drive 6 without passing through the fixed seat 3.3, that is, the main drive 6 can also be directly provided with a guide groove, or an existing sliding mechanism (such as a slide rail, etc.) can be set between the movable arm 3.1 and the main drive 6.

[0052] 2. The first telescopic member 1 and the second telescopic member 3.2 refer to existing telescopic components. In this embodiment, it is preferred that the first telescopic member 1 and the second telescopic member 3.2 are both telescopic cylinders.

[0053] This embodiment also discloses a method for getting a roadheader out of trouble, which uses the roadheader out of trouble device, and the steps are as follows:

[0054] Step S1: Determine the number of lever assemblies that need to be activated based on the degree of distress. For example, in this embodiment, the degree of distress of the roadheader is divided into mild distress, moderate distress, severe distress, and extremely severe distress. In this embodiment, the total number of lever assemblies circumferentially arranged on the main drive 6 is X groups (for example, 10 groups, only 2 groups are shown in the drawings of this embodiment). The number of lever assemblies that need to be activated corresponding to each degree of distress is as follows:

[0055] Slightly trapped: The total number of lever assemblies that need to be selected is 0.4X groups;

[0056] Moderate distress: The total number of lever assemblies that need to be selected is 0.6X groups;

[0057] Seriously trapped: The total number of lever assemblies that need to be selected is 0.8X groups;

[0058] Extremely severe distress: The total number of lever assemblies that need to be selected is X groups;

[0059] When the total number of lever assemblies required to work is not an integer, round it up. It is preferred to evenly select the lever assemblies required to work along the circumference to ensure that the force on the gear ring is reasonable.

[0060] After determining the lever assembly that needs to be worked, the extrication action of the lever assembly that needs to be worked is as follows:

[0061] Step S2: The second telescopic member 3.2 extends toward the tunnel face, and the movable arm 3.1 drives the lever arm 2 to move toward the tunnel face until the other end of the lever arm 2 can engage with the ring gear 4 of the tunnel boring machine;

[0062] Step S3: The first telescopic member 1 operates, driving the lever arm 2 to rotate around the connecting member 3.4, so that the shifting tooth 2.1 of the lever arm 2 shifts the ring gear 4, and the ring gear 4 and the cutterhead 5 rotate, and the roadheader moves forward to escape from the trapped section;

[0063] Step S4: After the tunnel boring machine escapes from the trapped section, the second telescopic member 3.2 retracts, and the movable arm 3.1 drives the lever arm 2 to move away from the tunnel face until the shifting tooth 2.1 of the lever arm 2 disengages from the gear ring 4 of the tunnel boring machine, and the escape is completed.

[0064] The method of this embodiment is preferred. In step S3, when the power of the first telescopic member 1 is insufficient to drive the lever arm 2 to move the ring gear 4, the cutterhead motor 7 on the tunnel boring machine is started (the cutterhead motor is used to drive the cutterhead to rotate), and the first telescopic member 1 and the cutterhead motor 7 are used to drive the cutterhead 5 to rotate. It should be noted that the cutterhead motor 7 can be used under working conditions of different degrees of entrapment, and is not limited to working conditions of extremely severe entrapment. It can maximize the use of the structure of the tunnel boring machine itself (i.e., the cutterhead motor 7) for escape, and avoid the escape device causing damage to the structure of the tunnel boring machine itself.

[0065] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roadheader escape device, characterized in that: It comprises a lever assembly; the lever assembly comprises a first telescopic member (1), a lever arm (2) and a reset assembly (3); One end of the first telescopic member (1) is movably connected to the tunnel boring machine, and the other end is movably connected to one end of a lever arm (2); the other end of the lever arm (2) is used to shift the gear ring (4) of the tunnel boring machine; The reset assembly (3) comprises a movable arm (3.1) and a second telescopic member (3.2); the movable arm (3.1) is slidably arranged on the roadheader along the excavation direction; the lever arm (2) is hinged to the movable arm (3.1); the two ends of the second telescopic member (3.2) are respectively connected to the roadheader and the movable arm (3.1), and the second telescopic member (3.2) is used to drive the lever arm (2) to move in the excavation direction; the reset assembly (3) further comprises a fixed seat (3.3); the fixed seat (3.3) is arranged on the roadheader, and the fixed seat (3.3) is provided with a guide groove (3.31) along the excavation direction; the movable arm (3.1) is provided with a sliding portion (3.11) that cooperates with the guide groove (3.31), and the sliding portion (3.11) is slidably arranged on the main drive (6) of the roadheader through the guide groove (3.31).

2. The roadheader escape device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset assembly (3) further comprises a connecting piece (3.4); the lever arm (2) and the movable arm (3.1) are hingedly connected via the connecting piece (3.4).

3. The roadheader escape device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable arm (3.1) is arranged inside the lever arm (2).

4. The roadheader escape device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the connecting piece (3.4) and one end of the lever arm (2) is L1, and the distance between the connecting piece (3.4) and the other end of the lever arm (2) is L2, and the ratio of L1:L2 is 3-7:

1.

5. The roadheader escape device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The other end of the lever arm (2) is provided with a shifting tooth (2.1) that meshes with the gear ring (4).

6. The roadheader escape device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the first telescopic member (1) are respectively hinged to the lever arm (2) and the main drive (6) of the roadheader; the two ends of the second telescopic member (3.2) are respectively hinged to the main drive (6) of the roadheader and the movable arm (3.1); the first telescopic member (1) and the second telescopic member (3.2) are both telescopic oil cylinders.

7. The roadheader escape device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A plurality of lever assemblies are arranged along the circumference of the tunnel boring machine.

8. A method for escaping a roadheader, characterized in that: The tunnel boring machine escape device according to claim 7 is used, and the steps are as follows: Step S1: Determine the number of lever assemblies that need to be operated based on the degree of entrapment; Step S2: the second telescopic member (3.2) extends toward the tunnel face, and the movable arm (3.1) drives the lever arm (2) to move toward the tunnel face until the other end of the lever arm (2) can engage with the gear ring (4) of the tunnel boring machine; Step S3: The first telescopic member (1) works, driving the lever arm (2) to move the gear ring (4) so ​​that the cutter head (5) of the tunnel boring machine rotates, and the tunnel boring machine moves forward; Step S4: After the tunnel boring machine escapes from the trapped road section, the second telescopic member (3.2) retracts, and the movable arm (3.1) drives the lever arm (2) to move in a direction away from the tunnel face until the other end of the lever arm (2) is disengaged from the gear ring (4) of the tunnel boring machine, and the escape work is completed.

9. The method for escaping a roadheader according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, when the power of the first telescopic member (1) is insufficient to drive the lever arm (2) to shift the gear ring (4), the cutterhead motor (7) on the tunnel boring machine is started, and the first telescopic member (1) and the cutterhead motor (7) cooperate to drive the cutterhead (5) to rotate.

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