Visual detection device and method for positioning and vertical adjustment of steel tube concrete columns

Abstract

A visual inspection device and measurement method for positioning and vertical adjustment of concrete-filled steel tube columns belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering field operations and monitoring technology. A target plate is located at the bottom of the steel column. A centering bracket is located at the top of the column. A hollow plate serves as the target plate in the flange at the bottom of the column, with a bull's eye in the center. A compass is located nearby. The inner ends of the centering bracket's arms and the centering flange are hinged and fixed with a mounting mechanism. The lower surfaces of the outer ends of the arms have arm slots that align with the edges of the steel column. Three connecting rods form a triangle, with the ends of the two connecting rods connected by corresponding centering pins. Each arm has a strip-shaped socket for the centering pin. A pulley is located in the center hole of the centering flange, and a camera is installed within the visual droop. The load-bearing line of the droop passes over the pulley. A sight is located in the opening at the bottom end of the droop. The sight is used to locate the bull's eye when the droop is lowered. By leveraging the absolute verticality of the line of action of gravity, the present invention ensures a constant error that does not increase with height, resulting in greater accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering field operations and monitoring technology, and is particularly a method and device for detecting and adjusting the installation verticality of steel tube concrete columns, which is mainly suitable for the construction and detection of permanent steel tube concrete columns in subway station foundation pits using the reverse construction method. Background Art

[0002] During subway station construction, concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns require drilling holes at predetermined locations on the ground. The steel tubes are then hoisted and inserted into the holes. After adjusting their position and verticality, they are secured and poured with concrete. (During operation, they are embedded in the underground soil, and the steel tubes create a shielding effect, preventing the use of wireless signal equipment. This complicates inspection.) During subway excavation, CFST columns serve as temporary structures, but they will become permanent structures at the station after the excavation is complete. Therefore, extremely high requirements are placed on positioning accuracy and verticality during operation and installation. Regulations require that verticality deviation must not exceed one thousandth of its length and must not exceed 15mm. The current practice involves installing several electronic gyroscopes on the sidewalls of the column to monitor installation verticality. However, this approach requires very high installation precision for the gyroscopes, and the deviation increases with length. Currently, there are many difficulties in constructing 50-meter-long steel tube concrete columns in subway stations, as current monitoring and vertical adjustment methods are only suitable for shorter steel tubes (such as 10 meters). For longer steel tube column structures, it is difficult to ensure their vertical accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, one objective of the present invention is to provide a visual detection device for positioning and vertical adjustment of concrete-filled steel tube columns. Another objective is to provide a detection method using this device. Experiments have shown that the absolute value of the detection accuracy is approximately 3-4 mm, with a constant error that does not increase with increasing length. Therefore, as long as the detection length exceeds 10 meters, the present invention will be more accurate than existing methods.

[0004] The technical solution adopted is:

[0005] A visual detection device for positioning and vertical adjustment of steel tube concrete columns includes a target plate system, a centering bracket system and a visual drooping and vertical adjustment system.

[0006] The technical points are:

[0007] The target plate system is set at the bottom of the steel column.

[0008] The centering support system is set at the top of the steel column.

[0009] The target plate system is a hollow plate fixed to the bottom flange of the steel column as a target plate. A bull's eye is set in the middle of the target plate, which includes a center point and multiple target rings on the outside.

[0010] There is a compass next to the bull's eye on the target board.

[0011] The centering support system is a herringbone steel frame, including a centering flange and three support arms.

[0012] The inner end of the support arm and the centering flange are provided with a hinge device and a fixing device.

[0013] An arm slot is provided on the lower surface of the outer end of the arm, corresponding to the edge of the steel column.

[0014] There are three connecting rods forming a triangle shape, and the ends of the two connecting rods are connected by corresponding centering pins. 14 6 2 3 8 1 3A

[0015] Each support arm is provided with a strip-shaped insertion hole, and each centering pin is inserted into the corresponding strip-shaped insertion hole.

[0016] A pulley is provided at the center hole of the centering flange, and the groove of the pulley is located in the center of the steel column and the centering flange.

[0017] The visual drooping pendant adjustment system has a drooping pendant and a camera set up in the interior space. The upper end of the drooping pendant is connected to the load-bearing line and passed through the pulley.

[0018] There is a front sight at the opening at the lower end of the drop.

[0019] A silicone gasket is provided at the lower end of the front sight.

[0020] An LED fill light strip is set in the middle of the drooping pendant.

[0021] The present invention also provides a detection method using a visual detection device for positioning and vertical adjustment of a steel tube concrete column.

[0022] Its advantages are:

[0023] During construction, steel columns are located underground, and the shielding effect of the steel pipes prevents the use of wireless signal equipment. This makes inspection difficult, and conventional surface-based inspection and measurement methods are impractical. The current practice involves installing several electronic gyroscopes on the sidewalls of the columns to monitor verticality. However, this approach requires very high installation precision, and the deviation increases with length. (The concrete-filled steel tube columns in multi-story subway stations currently under construction can reach lengths exceeding 50 meters, with an inner diameter of 90 cm. If a gyroscope with a base width of 5 cm is installed with a slightly uneven base, resulting in a height deviation of 0.1 mm between the bottom surfaces of the gyroscope, the verticality of the 50-meter-long steel column will deviate by 100 mm. Therefore, current monitoring and vertical adjustment methods are only suitable for shorter steel pipes. It is difficult to ensure vertical accuracy for longer steel pipe column structures during operation.)

[0024] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing methods and takes advantage of the absolute verticality of the line of gravity. Detection errors are inherent to the system (installation errors and system center of gravity offset errors). Field measurements have shown that the absolute accuracy of detection can reach 1-4 mm, with a constant error that does not increase with height. When the detection length exceeds 10 meters, it is more accurate than existing methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steel column, target plate system, centering bracket system and visual drooping and vertical adjustment system.

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the target plate.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of the bull's eye.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the centering bracket system.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a partial enlarged view of the centering flange.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a side view of the centering bracket system.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a partial enlarged view of the strip jack.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a visual drooping and drooping adjustment device.

[0033] Figure 9 It is a side view of the visual drooping and plumbing adjustment device.

[0034] Figure 10 It is an acrylic plate sight chart.

[0035] Bull's eye 1, compass 2, support arm 3, centering flange 4, steel column 5, connecting rod 6, strip socket 7, pulley 8, pendant 9, camera 10, pendant pin hole 11, pendant pin 12, front sight 13, silicone gasket 14, fill light strip 15, load-bearing wire 16, power supply signal line 17, target plate 18, bottom flange 19, target plate connecting plate 20, support arm slot 21, centering pin 22, target ring 23. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] A visual detection device for positioning and vertical adjustment of steel tube concrete columns includes a target plate system, a centering bracket system and a visual drooping and vertical adjustment system.

[0037] The target plate system is arranged at the bottom of the steel column 5.

[0038] The centering support system is arranged at the top of the steel column 5.

[0039] The visual drooping and adjusting system includes drooping pendant 9, power supply, signal and load-bearing line pay-out system.

[0040] The target plate system is a hollow plate (steel plate) welded at the connection of the bottom flange 19 of the steel column 5 as a target plate 18. A bull's eye 1 is provided in the middle of the target plate 18. The bull's eye 1 includes a center point and multiple target rings 23 with a circle every 5 mm.

[0041] A compass 2 is provided next to the bull's eye 1 of the target plate 18 to facilitate identification of deviation from the orientation during vertical adjustment.

[0042] The target plate 18 is hollowed out except for the bottom flange 19, target ring 23, and target plate connecting plate 20, making it easy to insert the conduit during concrete pouring. High-precision CNC machining is used to ensure that the positioning center 1 is located in the center of the steel column 5 during welding.

[0043] The centering support system is a herringbone steel frame, including a centering flange 4 and three support arms 3.

[0044] The inner end of the support arm 3 and the centering flange 4 have a hinge axis for rotation and corresponding fixing holes for fixing with bolts.

[0045] An arm slot 21 is formed on the lower surface of the outer end of the arm 3 , corresponding to the edge of the steel column 5 .

[0046] There are three connecting rods 6 forming a triangle shape, and the ends of two connecting rods 6 are connected to the corresponding centering pins 22 respectively.

[0047] Each support arm 3 is provided with a strip-shaped insertion hole 7 , and each centering pin 22 is inserted into the corresponding strip-shaped insertion hole 7 .

[0048] The centering flange 4 is a double-layer flange with upper and lower layers, which is more stable.

[0049] Manually rotating the centering flange 4 can tighten the multiple arms 3 inwards ( Figure 4 The white box in the center shows the arm 3 in its unused state. Rotating the centering flange 4 causes the inner side of the arm 3 to move to the shaded position, tightening the outer end of the arm 3. Reduce the outer diameter of the arm slot 21 to secure the steel column 5 (the shaded area indicates the position of the arm 3 when tightened). Then, bolt the centering flange 4 and the three arms 3 together.

[0050] The arms 3 are connected by connecting rods 6 of equal length, maintaining a regular triangle. The outer ends of the arms 3 are fixed to the connecting rods 6 with centering pins 22, leveraging the stability of the triangle. The centering pins 22 are inserted from top to bottom through the two connecting rods 6 and then into the strip-shaped sockets 7 on the arms 3, connecting but not locking them. The arms 3 can now move axially along the strip-shaped sockets 7, but are restricted by the connecting rods 6 and cannot move laterally. The bolt holes 7 on the arms 3 are machined into strips to allow for axial movement along the arms 3.

[0051] There is a center hole at the center of the centering flange 4. The diameter of the center hole is 2 mm and is used to pass the load-bearing line 16.

[0052] A pulley 8 is provided at the center hole of the centering flange. The groove of the pulley 8 is exactly in the center of the steel column 5 and the centering flange 4. The groove of the pulley 8 is provided with a bearing line 16.

[0053] The visual drooping pendant adjustment system is a CNC-machined spindle-shaped drooping pendant 9 (hollow iron pendant), with flattened upper and lower ends, and both upper and lower ends can be conical. The taper of the upper cone angle plane is 40°, which is convenient for sliding down or pulling out inside the steel column 5 and will not be stuck by the internal structure of the steel column 5. The taper at about one-third of the lower part is changed to 12°, so that it can ensure the shooting angle of the bottom camera without hindering the illumination of the fill light. The interior is hollowed out to set the camera 10. A drooping pendant pin hole 11 is provided at the upper end to insert a horizontally arranged drooping pendant pin 12, and load-bearing line hanging holes are provided at both ends of the drooping pendant pin 12 to connect the load-bearing line 16 to ensure the verticality of the iron pendant itself.

[0054] The lower end of the opening is provided with a round, highly transparent acrylic plate made of a cross-slotted front sight 13. The lower end of the front sight 13 is provided with a silicone gasket 14 to reduce the swing and cushion the impact when the iron pendant falls to the bottom of the steel column 5. An LED fill light strip 15 is provided in the lower middle of the pendant 9 to provide supplementary light in night vision conditions.

[0055] The power supply, signal, and load-bearing wire payout system consists of the load-bearing wire 16 (four high-strength, thin Kevlar strands), the power signal wire 17, and a reel. The power signal wire 17 is wrapped around the load-bearing wire 16 to prevent it from affecting the verticality of the system. A 10-centimeter free length is left where the power signal wire 17 connects to the camera 10, ensuring that the entire load is borne by the load-bearing wire 16. The reel has a brake and locking system to slow down or stop the iron drop during descent or ascent.

[0056] The detection method using a visual detection device for positioning and vertical adjustment of steel tube concrete columns includes the following steps:

[0057] When the centering flange 4 is manually rotated, the multiple arms 3 can be tightened inward to reduce the outer ends, and the diameter arm slots 21 clamp the edges of the steel columns 5, and then the centering flange 4 and the three arms 3 are fixed with bolts.

[0058] After the power is turned on, use the pay-off reel to lower the load-bearing line 16 of the drooping pendant 9 along the pulley 8 of the centering bracket system to near the bull's eye 1 at the bottom of the steel column 5. During the descent, check the image of the camera 10 in real time. When it is close to the bottom of the steel column 5, the bottom silicone gasket 14 is touched to the bottom to reduce the vibration. Then observe the steel column 5 through the image of the camera 10, measure the deviation of the acrylic plate sight 13 on the bull's eye 1, observe the deviation direction through the compass 2, and instruct the operating personnel to adjust the verticality of the steel column 5 and observe again (just lift the drooping pendant 9 slightly and wait for it to stabilize for observation). Repeat the operation until the verticality meets the specification requirements.

Claims

1. A visual detection device for positioning and vertical adjustment of steel tube concrete columns, including a target plate system, a centering bracket system, and a visual drooping and vertical adjustment system; its characteristics are: The target plate system is arranged at the bottom of the steel column (5); The centering support system is arranged on the top of the steel column (5); The target plate system is a hollow plate fixed to the bottom flange (19) of the steel column (5) as a target plate (18), and a bull's eye (1) is provided in the middle of the target plate (18). The bull's eye (1) includes a center point and multiple target rings (23) on the outside. A compass (2) is provided next to the bull's eye (1) of the target plate (18); The centering support system is a herringbone steel frame, including a centering flange (4) and three support arms (3); The inner end of the support arm (3) and the centering flange (4) are provided with a hinge device and a fixing device; The lower surface of the outer end of the support arm (3) is provided with a support arm slot (21) corresponding to the edge of the steel column (5); There are also three connecting rods (6) forming a triangular shape, and the ends of two connecting rods (6) are connected by corresponding centering pins (22); Each support arm (3) is provided with a strip-shaped insertion hole (7), and each centering pin (22) is inserted into the corresponding strip-shaped insertion hole (7); A pulley (8) is provided at the center hole of the centering flange, and the groove of the pulley (8) is located in the center of the steel column (5) and the centering flange (4); The visual drooping and adjusting system comprises a drooping pendant (9), an internal space of which is provided with a camera (10); the upper end of the drooping pendant (9) is connected to The load-bearing line (16) passes around the pulley (8); The lower opening of the drooping pendant (9) is provided with a front sight (13); The front sight (13) lower end is provided with a silicone gasket (14).

2. The visual detection device for positioning and vertical adjustment of concrete-filled steel tube columns according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner end of the support arm (3) and the centering flange (4) have a hinge shaft as a hinge device, and also have corresponding fixing holes fixed by bolts as a fixing device.

3. The visual detection device for positioning and vertical adjustment of concrete-filled steel tube columns according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The centering flange (4) is a double-layer flange with upper and lower layers.

4. The visual detection device for positioning and vertical adjustment of concrete-filled steel tube columns according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drooping pendant (9) is in the shape of a shuttle, and the upper and lower parts are both in the shape of cones.

5. The visual detection device for positioning and vertical adjustment of concrete-filled steel tube columns according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An LED fill light strip (15) is arranged in the middle of the drooping pendant (9).

6. A detection method using the visual detection device for positioning and vertical adjustment of steel tube concrete columns according to claim 1, characterized in that The following steps are involved: When the centering flange (4) is manually rotated, the multiple support arms (3) can be tightened inward to reduce the outer ends, and the diameter support arm slots (21) clamp the edges of the steel columns (5), and then the centering flange (4) and the three support arms (3) are fixed with bolts; The load-bearing line (16) of the drooping (9) is lowered along the pulley (8) of the centering support system to the vicinity of the bull's eye (1) at the bottom of the steel column (5). During the descent, the image of the camera (10) is viewed in real time. Then, the steel column (5) is observed through the image of the camera (10), and the deviation of the acrylic plate sight (13) on the bull's eye (1) is measured. The deviation direction is observed through the compass (2), and the operator is instructed to adjust the verticality of the steel column (5) and observe again. The operation is repeated until the verticality meets the specification requirements.

7. The detection method of the visual detection device for positioning and vertical adjustment of steel tube concrete columns according to claim 6 is characterized in that The following steps are involved: When the drooping drop (9) approaches the bottom of the steel column (5), the bottom end silicone gasket (14) touches the bottom to reduce the shimmy.

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