A slurry wall protecting drilling machine and method suitable for karst areas

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of suitable karst area's mud wall protection drilling machine and method, belong to mud wall protection drilling machine construction technical field, including control device, air pump, mud injection device, hot airflow injection device, drill rod and drill bit, the mud injection device and hot airflow injection device are sleeved on drill rod, the mud injection device is connected with slurry pool;The hot airflow injection device is connected with air pump;The drill bit, air pump, mud injection device and hot airflow injection device are all communicated with control device or electrically connected.The mud wall protection drilling machine, while construction can realize effective wall protection to karst cave and weak interlayer etc., avoids the problem that hole formed by drilling is prone to collapse due to rock layer softening in karst cave and weak interlayer.The wall protection method using the mud wall protection drilling machine is high in flexibility, easy to operate, can effectively improve drilling efficiency, and reduce the possibility of drilling collapse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling rig construction, and relates to a mud wall protection drilling rig and a method, in particular to a mud wall protection drilling rig and a method suitable for karst areas. Background Art

[0002] At present, drilling rigs are widely used in the construction of infrastructure projects such as buildings and railways. As key infrastructure projects, the construction quality and efficiency of drilling rigs are of vital importance. Mud wall drilling rigs have always been favored by the engineering community because of their fast drilling speed, high pile-making efficiency, and good hole-making quality.

[0003] However, in practice, many construction sites are located in karst areas, where caves and weak interlayers are present. This causes the holes formed during drilling for cast-in-place piles, anchor bolts, geological exploration, and other projects in these interlayers to collapse, resulting in substandard drilling quality. This forces construction workers to slow down the drilling speed and adjust the mud material and proportion, seriously affecting the efficiency of the mud wall drilling rig and the quality of subsequent construction, resulting in economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a mud wall protection drilling rig and method suitable for karst areas, which can quickly and effectively realize the wall protection process of the surrounding rock layer during the drilling process of the drilling rig, thereby avoiding the problems of low drilling efficiency and poor drilling quality caused by the collapse of the hole.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a mud wall protection drilling rig suitable for karst areas, comprising a control device, an air pump, a mud injection device, a hot air flow ejection device, a drill rod and a drill bit. The drill rod is arranged at the axis position of the drill bit and is connected to the tail of the drill bit. The mud output end of the drill rod is connected to a sedimentation tank through a mud conveying pipe; the mud injection device is sleeved on the drill rod and connected to the mud tank through a mud conveying pipe; the hot air flow ejection device is sleeved on the drill rod and connected to the air pump through an air conveying pipe; the air pump, the drill bit, the mud injection device and the hot air flow ejection device are all communicatively connected or electrically connected to the control device.

[0007] Preferably, the above-mentioned mud wall drilling rig further includes a shear force sensor, which is arranged inside the drill bit cavity and is communicatively connected or electrically connected to the control device.

[0008] Preferably, a power sensor is further provided in the drill bit cavity, and the power sensor is communicatively connected or electrically connected to the control device.

[0009] Preferably, an air flow control valve is provided on the air delivery pipe between the inflation pump and the hot air flow ejection device, and the air flow control valve is communicatively connected or electrically connected to the control device.

[0010] Preferably, a mud control valve is provided on the mud delivery pipe between the mud injection device and the mud pool, and the mud control valve is communicatively connected or electrically connected to the control device.

[0011] Preferably, the mud injection device is a circular ring structure with a cavity, and the cavity of the circular ring structure is connected to the mud conveying pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the mud injection device is provided with a plurality of mud injection holes in a circumferential direction along the outer wall of the annular structure.

[0013] Preferably, the hot air flow ejection device is a circular ring structure, and a plurality of ejection holes are circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the circular ring.

[0014] Preferably, a harness protection device is provided between the inner wall of the drill rod and the internal harness thereof, for preventing the mud in the drill rod from damaging the harness inside the rod.

[0015] A mud wall protection method suitable for karst areas using the above-mentioned wall protection drilling rig comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: Dig sedimentation tanks and mud pools according to construction requirements;

[0017] S2: Obtain the rock layer structure and prepare the required concrete slurry in the slurry pool according to the designed proportion based on the rock layer structure;

[0018] S3: starting the control device to control the drill bit to drill forward, pressing the drilled concrete slurry with rock layer fragments into the drill rod, and transporting the concrete slurry with rock layer fragments to the sedimentation tank through the drill rod and the mud pipe (6);

[0019] S4: obtaining power information of the drill bit and mechanical information of the rock and soil layer when drilling forward;

[0020] S5: Based on the information obtained in S4, determine whether the rock and soil layer needs to be reinforced; if yes, execute S6-S8 in sequence; if not, execute S8 directly;

[0021] S6: The mud in the mud pool is introduced into the mud injection device, and the concrete mud is sprayed onto the soft soil layer or the rock cave surface around the drill bit;

[0022] S7: Using the control device to control the air pump to pump the superheated air flow to the hot air flow ejection device, and spraying the superheated air flow onto the soft soil layer or the cave sprayed with the concrete slurry to solidify the concrete slurry;

[0023] S8: Inspect the hole drilled by the drill bit. If it passes the inspection, it will be poured with underwater concrete and cleaned to complete the mud wall protection process in the karst area.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention utilizes a mud injection device and a hot air jet device mounted on the drill pipe, allowing the drill rig to simultaneously spray concrete slurry onto the rock layer surrounding the drill bit and onto the hole walls that require reinforcement. The hot air jet device rapidly dries and solidifies the slurry, forming a protective wall, effectively reinforcing karst caves and weak interlayers, preventing hole collapse. Furthermore, the hot air jet from the hot air jet device directly blows onto the concrete slurry within the hole, adding an upward force to the drilling fluid and slurry, increasing slurry rotation efficiency and further improving drilling efficiency. The simple device and low modification cost effectively improve construction efficiency and reduce economic losses caused by hole collapse.

[0026] In addition, the setting of control devices, cutting force sensors and power sensors realizes the intelligent spraying protection of the entire wall protection drilling rig, which can not only effectively improve construction efficiency and reduce the labor intensity of construction workers, but also save mud and reduce construction costs.

[0027] By utilizing the above-mentioned mud wall drilling rig method, mud is sprayed on the surrounding rock formations to reinforce them during the drilling process of the drill bit, and high-temperature airflow is sprayed, so that the hole wall after the mud is sprayed can quickly form a protective wall, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the hole from collapsing. This method has a clear principle and is easy to implement. It greatly improves the construction efficiency of construction personnel, improves the drilling quality, and effectively reduces the economic losses caused by hole collapse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a mud wall drilling rig suitable for karst areas according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the mud injection device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 The figure is a flow chart of the mud wall protection method applicable to karst areas of the present invention.

[0032] Among them: 1-control device, 2-air pump, 3-air flow control valve, 4-mud pool, 5-mud control valve, 6-mud pipe, 7-sedimentation tank, 8-hot air flow ejection device, 9-cutting force sensor, 10-power sensor, 11-drill bit, 12-mud injection device, 13-drill pipe, 14-mud delivery pipe, 15-air pipe, 81-mud injection hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0034] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," etc. appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0039] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0040] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a mud wall drilling rig suitable for karst areas, including a control device 1, the control device 1 is communicatively connected or electrically connected to an air pump 2, a mud injection device 12, a hot air flow ejection device 8 and a drill bit 11, a shear force sensor 9 and a power sensor 10 are arranged inside the drill bit 11, the shear force sensor 9 and the power sensor 10 are communicatively connected or electrically connected to the control device 1, a drill rod 13 is connected to the rear axis of the drill bit 11, and the mud output end of the drill rod 13 is connected to the drill bit through a mud pipe 6. It is connected to the sedimentation tank 7; the mud injection device 12 is sleeved on the drill rod 13 and is connected to the mud pool 4 through a mud delivery pipe 14. The mud delivery pipe 14 is provided with a mud control valve 5, and the mud control valve 5 is communicatively connected or electrically connected to the control device 1; the hot air flow ejection device 8 is sleeved on the drill rod 13 and is connected to the air pump 2 through an air delivery pipe 15. The air delivery pipe 15 is provided with an air flow control valve 3, and the air flow control valve 3 is communicatively connected or electrically connected to the control device 1.

[0041] Preferably, the cutting force sensor 9 is a thin-walled cylindrical cutting force sensor; the wiring harness connected to the drill bit 11 passes through the inside of the drill rod 13, and a wiring harness protection device is provided on the outside of the wiring harness to protect the wiring harness inside the drill rod 13 and prevent the mud in the drill rod 13 from damaging the wiring harness; the mud injection device 12 is a circular ring structure with a cavity, the cavity of the circular ring structure is connected to the mud conveying pipe 15, and a number of mud injection holes 81 are circumferentially arranged along the outer wall of the circular ring; the hot air flow ejection device 8 is a circular ring structure, and a number of jet holes are circumferentially arranged along the outer wall of the circular ring.

[0042] See also Figure 3 The present invention also provides a mud wall protection method suitable for karst areas using the above-mentioned wall protection drilling rig, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1: Digging a sedimentation tank 7 and a mud pool 4 according to construction requirements: To ensure that the mud wall drilling rig and other facilities work normally and safely, the site must first be designed and arranged according to construction requirements, and a sedimentation tank 7 and a mud pool 4 must be dug.

[0044] S2: Obtain the rock layer structure, and prepare the required concrete mud in the mud pool 4 according to the rock layer structure and the designed ratio: artificially prepare the mud required for drilling (clay, bentonite, etc.) and concrete mud.

[0045] S3: Start the control device 1 to control the drill bit 11 to drill forward, press the drilled concrete mud with rock layer fragments into the drill rod 13, and transport the concrete mud with rock layer fragments to the sedimentation tank 7 through the drill rod 13 and the mud pipe 6, so that the mud required for drilling can be recycled.

[0046] S4: Obtaining the power information of the drill bit 11 and the mechanical information of the rock and soil layer when it drills forward: Using the thin-walled cylindrical cutting force sensor and the power sensor 10, obtain the power information of the drill bit 11 and the mechanical information of the rock and soil layer when it drills forward, and transmit the information to the control device 1.

[0047] S5: Based on the information obtained in S4, determine whether the rock and soil layer needs to be reinforced; if yes, execute S6-S8 in sequence; if no, execute S8 directly: if the cutting force of the drill bit 11 is less than ten kilonewtons, it is determined that the mechanical properties of the rock and soil layer are poor; or when the cutting force of the drill bit fluctuates and the power is relatively small, it is necessary to further determine whether the group of strata needs to be reinforced. If the group of strata needs to be sprayed with concrete mud, execute the next step.

[0048] S6: The mud in the mud pool 4 is introduced into the mud injection device 12, and concrete mud is sprayed onto the soft soil layer or rock cave surface around the drill bit 11: the control device 1 is used to start the mud control valve 5, and the concrete mud is sent into the inner ring of the mud injection device 12 through the mud conveying pipe 14, and the mud injection device 12 is started to spray the concrete mud through the mud injection hole onto the rock and soil layer to be reinforced.

[0049] S7: Use the control device 1 to control the air pump 2 to pump the superheated air flow to the hot air flow ejection device 8, and spray the superheated air flow on the soft soil layer or cave sprayed with concrete mud to solidify the concrete mud: Use the control device 1 to start the air flow control valve 3, and transport the high-temperature air flow to the hot air flow ejection device 8 through the air pipe 15, and spray it onto the rock and soil layer sprayed with concrete mud, so that it can be quickly air-dried to complete the reinforcement of the rock and soil layer. The hot air flow is directly blown onto the freshly ejected concrete mud to accelerate the solidification speed of the concrete mud. It can also add an upward force to the drilling fluid and mud, making the mud rotation efficiency higher and further improving the rotation efficiency.

[0050] S8: The hole drilled by the drill bit 11 is inspected. After passing the inspection, underwater concrete pouring is performed on it and the hole is cleaned to complete the mud wall protection process in the karst area. According to national standards, when the hole position deviation of the hole drilled by the drill bit 11 is less than or equal to 30mm and the verticality is less than 1%, it is checked twice with a sediment thickness meter or a heavy hammer to ensure that the sediment at the bottom of the hole is less than or equal to 50mm, the curvature of the steel cage is less than 1%, and the pile top elevation is controlled within 1D (the outer diameter of the pile foundation end) and greater than or equal to 600mm, the hole quality is judged to be qualified.

[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mud wall protection method suitable for karst areas using a mud wall protection drilling rig, characterized in that: The mud wall drilling rig comprises a control device (1), an air pump (2), a mud injection device (12), a hot air flow ejection device (8), a drill rod (13) and a drill bit (11); the drill rod (13) is arranged at an axial position of the drill bit (11) and is connected to the tail of the drill bit (11); the mud output end of the drill rod (13) is connected to a sedimentation tank (7) through a mud delivery pipe (6); the mud injection device (12) is sleeved on the drill rod (13) and is connected to the mud tank (4) through a mud delivery pipe (14); the hot air flow ejection device (8) is sleeved on the drill rod (13), and is connected to the air pump (2) through the air pipe (15); the mud injection device (12) is a circular ring structure with a cavity, and the cavity of the circular ring structure is connected to the mud delivery pipe; the mud injection device (12) is provided with a plurality of mud injection holes (81) along the outer wall of the circular ring structure in a circumferential direction; the hot air flow ejection device (8) is a circular ring structure, and a plurality of jet holes are provided circumferentially on the outer wall of the circular ring; the air pump (2), the drill bit (11), the mud injection device (12) and the hot air flow ejection device (8) are all communicatively connected or electrically connected to the control device (1); The specific method is: S1: According to the construction requirements, dig a sedimentation tank (7) and a mud tank (4); S2: Obtain the rock layer structure, and prepare the required concrete slurry in the slurry pool (4) according to the designed proportion based on the rock layer structure; S3: starting the control device (1) to control the drill bit (11) to drill forward, pressing the drilled concrete slurry with the rock layer fragments into the drill rod (13), and transporting the concrete slurry with the rock layer fragments to the sedimentation tank (7) through the drill rod (13) and the mud pipe (6); S4: obtaining power information of the drill bit (11) when drilling forward and mechanical information of the rock and soil layer; S5: Based on the information obtained in S4, determine whether the rock and soil layer needs to be reinforced; if yes, execute S6-S8 in sequence; if not, execute S8 directly; S6: The mud in the mud pool (4) is introduced into the mud injection device (12), and the concrete mud is injected onto the soft soil layer or the surface of the rock cave around the drill bit (11); S7: Using the control device (1) to control the air pump (2) to pump the superheated air flow to the hot air flow ejection device (8), and spraying the superheated air flow onto the soft soil layer or the cave sprayed with the concrete slurry, so as to solidify the concrete slurry; S8: The hole drilled by the drill bit (11) is inspected. After passing the inspection, underwater concrete pouring is performed on it and the hole is cleaned to complete the mud wall protection process in the karst area.

2. The slurry wall protection method applicable to karst areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a shear force sensor (9), which is arranged inside the cavity of the drill bit (11) and is communicatively connected or electrically connected to the control device (1).

3. The slurry wall protection method applicable to karst areas according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A power sensor (10) is also provided in the cavity of the drill bit (11), and the power sensor (10) is communicatively connected or electrically connected to the control device (1).

4. The slurry wall protection method suitable for karst areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An air flow control valve (3) is provided on the air delivery pipe (15) between the air pump (2) and the hot air flow ejection device (8), and the air flow control valve (3) is communicatively connected or electrically connected to the control device (1).

5. The slurry wall protection method applicable to karst areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A mud control valve (5) is provided on the mud delivery pipe (14) between the mud injection device (12) and the mud pool (4), and the mud control valve (5) is communicatively connected or electrically connected to the control device (1).

6. The slurry wall protection method suitable for karst areas according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A harness protection device is provided between the inner wall of the drill rod (13) and the internal harness thereof, for preventing mud in the drill rod (13) from damaging the harness inside the rod.

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