A method for distinguishing Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for distinguishing Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima, comprising the following steps: firstly, preparing Quercus variabilis sample materials and Quercus acutissima materials, respectively performing vacuuming and fixing treatments on the prepared Quercus variabilis materials and Quercus acutissima materials, obtaining Quercus variabilis solidified samples and Quercus acutissima solidified samples, respectively performing softening and dehydration treatments on the Quercus variabilis solidified samples and Quercus acutissima solidified samples, respectively, obtaining Quercus variabilis dehydrated samples and Quercus acutissima dehydrated samples, obtaining Quercus variabilis transparent samples and Quercus acutissima transparent samples, obtaining Quercus variabilis paraffin samples and Quercus acutissima paraffin samples, obtaining pure Quercus variabilis samples and Quercus acutissima samples, obtaining Quercus variabilis observation samples and Quercus acutissima observation samples, and distinguishing Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima by observing the cell size of the samples. By observing the cell morphology of the samples by paraffin section in combination with a microscope, the Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima can be intuitively and accurately distinguished, especially for trees of younger age, with high accuracy, and the influence of individual differences can be excluded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the biological field, and in particular to a method for distinguishing Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima. Background Art

[0002] The cork oak (Quercus variabilis Bl.) is widely distributed in my country and has important ecological benefits. The cork layer produced by the differentiation of its cork cambium is green and renewable, commonly known as "soft gold". It is widely used in aviation, transportation, building materials and other fields, and has great economic value and application prospects. Quercus acutissima is a close species of the cork oak.

[0003] At present, the distinction between Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima is generally judged by the degree of bark depression, the color of the back of the leaves, and whether the back of the leaves is densely covered with pubescence. When the leaves of Quercus acutissima are young, the back of the leaves is covered with light green pubescence. When they are mature, the leaves are smooth and the back of the leaves is light green. The back of the mature leaves of Quercus variabilis is white and densely covered with pubescence. There is no description of a systematic distinction method. This distinction method is generally applicable to perennial Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima, and this method has the disadvantage of being limited by the growth period. There is no systematic report on how to accurately and effectively distinguish the two in microscopic morphology, and the above distinction method has certain limitations:

[0004] 1. Distinguishing between the two based on personal experience is prone to subjective errors and is not rigorous and scientific;

[0005] 2. When trees shed their leaves, it is impossible to identify species based on the leaves;

[0006] 3. Generally applicable to perennial Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima. When the trees are young, the bark and leaf morphology of the two are similar, the bark is smooth, the back of the leaves are densely covered with pubescence, and the color is not significantly distinguished, so it cannot be judged by the bark and leaf morphology. In addition, the back color of the leaves of Quercus variabilis sometimes shows individual differences, which can easily be confused with Quercus acutissima (for example, the back color of the leaves of Quercus variabilis individual plants of different families aged 1 to 2 years is green, which can easily be mistaken for Quercus acutissima). Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the technical problems that the current method for distinguishing Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima has large errors and is prone to misjudgment when the trees are young, the present application proposes a method for distinguishing Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima.

[0008] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present application discloses a method for distinguishing Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. First, prepare the sample materials of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima;

[0011] S2, vacuuming and fixing the prepared Quercus variabilis material and Quercus acutissima material respectively to obtain a Quercus variabilis solidified sample and a Quercus acutissima solidified sample;

[0012] S3, sequentially softening and dehydrating the Quercus variabilis solidified sample and the Quercus acutissima solidified sample to obtain a Quercus variabilis dehydrated sample and a Quercus acutissima dehydrated sample;

[0013] S4, decolorizing the dehydrated Quercus variabilis sample and the dehydrated Quercus acutissima sample to obtain a transparent Quercus variabilis sample and a transparent Quercus acutissima sample;

[0014] S5, performing wax immersion and embedding treatments on the transparent samples of Quercus variabilis and the transparent samples of Quercus acutissima respectively, to obtain the paraffin samples of Quercus variabilis and the paraffin samples of Quercus acutissima;

[0015] S6, slicing the Quercus variabilis paraffin samples and the Quercus acutissima paraffin samples respectively to obtain Quercus variabilis paraffin sections and Quercus acutissima paraffin sections;

[0016] S7, spreading the Quercus variabilis paraffin sections and Quercus acutissima paraffin sections on glass slides, absorbing moisture from the glass slides, and drying them;

[0017] S8, dewaxing and rehydrating the dried Quercus variabilis paraffin sections and Quercus acutissima paraffin sections, respectively, to obtain pure Quercus variabilis samples and Quercus acutissima samples;

[0018] S9, dyeing the pure Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample respectively to obtain a Quercus variabilis dyed sample and a Quercus acutissima dyed sample;

[0019] S10, performing transparent and sealing treatments on the Quercus variabilis stained sample and the Quercus acutissima stained sample respectively, to obtain a Quercus variabilis observation sample and a Quercus acutissima observation sample;

[0020] S11. Place the Quercus variabilis observation sample and the Quercus acutissima observation sample under a microscope for observation respectively, and observe the cell sizes of the samples to distinguish between the Quercus variabilis and the Quercus acutissima.

[0021] Preferably, in step S1, the sample materials of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima are taken from the bark of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima or the base of the stem segment of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima that is less than one year old.

[0022] Preferably, the vacuuming and fixing treatment method in step S2 includes placing the Quercus variabilis sample material and the Quercus acutissima sample material in a FAA fixative and vacuuming the material until no bubbles are seen in the FAA fixative, and then fixing the Quercus variabilis sample material and the Quercus acutissima sample material in the FAA fixative for at least 72 hours.

[0023] Preferably, the softening and dehydration treatment method in step S3 includes placing the fixed oak solidified sample and the acuta australis solidified sample in boiling water for 1 hour to soften them, then placing the softened oak sample and the acuta australis sample in 70% alcohol, 85% alcohol, 95% alcohol and anhydrous ethanol and soaking them for 1 hour respectively, and finally placing the soaked oak sample and the acuta australis sample in new anhydrous ethanol and soaking them for 1 hour again to complete the dehydration treatment of the oak sample and the acuta australis sample.

[0024] Preferably, the decolorization method in step S4 comprises soaking the dehydrated Quercus variabilis samples and Quercus acutissima samples in a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and xylene in a ratio of 1:1 for 12 hours, and then soaking the Quercus variabilis samples and Quercus acutissima samples in xylene solution twice, each time for 2 hours.

[0025] Preferably, the wax dipping and embedding treatment method in step S5 comprises the following steps:

[0026] S51, placing the cork oak transparent sample and the acuta quercus transparent sample in a small crucible, adding a small amount of xylene, and adding the molten wax along the wall of the crucible, so that the molten wax solidifies on the xylene liquid, and the paraffin wax does not contact the cork oak transparent sample and the acuta quercus transparent sample, then standing for 1 hour, after the paraffin wax solidifies, placing the crucible in a 36° C. thermostat for 12 hours;

[0027] S52, gradually raising the temperature in the constant temperature box to 62°C, and performing temperature change treatment on the Quercus variabilis transparent sample and the Quercus acutissima transparent sample;

[0028] S53, taking out the Quercus variabilis transparent sample and Quercus acutissima transparent sample after the temperature change treatment from the small crucible respectively, and putting them into cup No. 1 in a 62° C. constant temperature box to soak for 2 hours, and then transferring each sample into cup No. 2 to soak again for 2 hours;

[0029] S54. Pour the melted paraffin into a container and remove the bubbles on the edge of the container. Then use heated tweezers to place the Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample in the paraffin. Adjust the positions of the Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample and align the cut surfaces of the Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample with the edges.

[0030] Preferably, the dewaxing and rehydration method in step S8 includes first soaking the Quercus variabilis paraffin sections and the Quercus acutissima paraffin sections in xylene for 30 minutes, then soaking them in the replaced xylene solution for 10 minutes to complete dewaxing, and then soaking them in a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and xylene in a 1:1 ratio, 100% ethanol, 95% ethanol, 85% ethanol, 70% ethanol, 50% ethanol and 30% ethanol in sequence, each soaking for 10 minutes.

[0031] Preferably, the dyeing method in step S9 comprises soaking the pure Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample in a 0.05% toluidine blue aqueous solution for 5-6 minutes, then washing the pure Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample with clean water twice, each time for 20 seconds, and then soaking them in 30% alcohol, 50% alcohol, 70% alcohol, 85% alcohol, 95% alcohol and anhydrous ethanol in turn, each time for 10 minutes.

[0032] Preferably, in step S11, when the Quercus variabilis observation sample and the Quercus acutissima observation sample are respectively selected from the cortex of a half-year-old Quercus variabilis stem segment and the cortex of a half-year-old Quercus acutissima stem segment, by observing the length of the subepidermal cells, when the length of the subepidermal cells is 30-33 μm and is significantly larger than that of the epidermal cells and phloem cells, it is Quercus variabilis; when the thickness of the subepidermal cells is 6-9 μm and is similar in size to that of the epidermal cells and phloem cells, it is Quercus acutissima.

[0033] Preferably, in step S11, when the Quercus variabilis observation sample and the Quercus acutissima observation sample are respectively selected from the cortex of one-year-old Quercus variabilis stem segment and the cortex of one-year-old Quercus acutissima stem segment, the cell distribution shape is observed. When 7-9 layers of brick-shaped cork cells are observed, which are neatly and tightly arranged, with a thickness of 55-60 μm, and the number of cork cell layers and the thickness of the cork layer increase with the age of the tree, and the epidermal cells and cork cells on the cross section are arranged regularly and the surface is relatively smooth, then it is Quercus variabilis; when the epidermal cells and part of the cork cells are observed to be broken in a roll shape with a rolled thickness of 73-88 μm, then it is Quercus acutissima.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are:

[0035] 1. Paraffin sections and microscope observation of sample cell morphology can intuitively and accurately distinguish Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima, especially for younger trees, with high accuracy and the influence of individual differences can be eliminated;

[0036] 2. By selecting the annual bark of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima for the operation, the continued survival of the seedlings is guaranteed. For perennial seedlings, the current year or annual branches can also be used for this operation to achieve the purpose of species differentiation;

[0037] 3. The paraffin material is dyed with 0.05% toluidine blue aqueous solution for 5-6 minutes. Compared with the traditional safranin fast green dyeing method, the dyeing time is shortened by 4-5 hours while achieving the dyeing purpose. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a work flow chart of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a paraffin section of the cortex at the base of a half-year-old stem segment of Quercus variabilis.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a paraffin section of the cortex at the base of a half-year-old stem segment of Quercus acutissima.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a paraffin section of the cortex at the base of an annual stem segment of Quercus variabilis.

[0043] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Magnified image of .

[0044] Figure 6 This is a paraffin section of the cortex at the base of an annual stem segment of Quercus acutissima.

[0045] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Magnified image of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following is combined with Figure 1-7 , the technical solution of the present invention is further explained:

[0047] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the present application discloses a method for distinguishing Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima, comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1. First, prepare the sample materials of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima. The sample materials of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima are taken from the bark of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima or the base of the stem segment of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima less than one year old. In other words, the bark of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima is peeled off as the material, with a size of about 0.5cm×0.25cm (length×width). The length and width can be appropriately reduced so as not to affect the growth of the plant. The base of the stem segment less than one year old can also be directly cut for operation, which is about 0.5cm long.

[0049] S2. The prepared Quercus variabilis material and Quercus acutissima material are subjected to vacuuming and fixing treatment respectively, and the Quercus variabilis sample material and Quercus acutissima sample material are placed in FAA fixative and vacuumed until no bubbles are seen in the FAA fixative, and then the Quercus variabilis sample material and Quercus acutissima sample material are fixed in the FAA fixative for at least 72 hours to obtain the Quercus variabilis fixed sample and Quercus acutissima fixed sample. It should be noted that the FAA fixative solution is a mixture of 70% ethanol: formaldehyde: acetic acid = 90:5:5.

[0050] S3. The cork oak solidified samples and the acuta oak solidified samples are softened and dehydrated in turn, the cork oak solidified samples and the acuta oak solidified samples after fixation are placed in boiling water and boiled for 1 hour to soften them, and then the softened cork oak samples and the acuta oak samples are placed in 70% alcohol, 85% alcohol, 95% alcohol and anhydrous ethanol and soaked for 1 hour respectively, and finally the soaked cork oak samples and the acuta oak samples are placed in new anhydrous ethanol and soaked for 1 hour again, completing the dehydration of the cork oak samples and the acuta oak samples to obtain the cork oak dehydrated samples and the acuta oak dehydrated samples.

[0051] S4. Decolorize the dehydrated samples of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima. Soak the dehydrated samples of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima in a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and xylene in a ratio of 1:1 for 12 hours. Then, soak the samples of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima in xylene solution twice, each time for 2 hours, to obtain transparent samples of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima.

[0052] S5. Waxing and embedding the transparent Quercus variabilis sample and the transparent Quercus acutissima sample respectively to obtain the Quercus variabilis paraffin sample and the Quercus acutissima paraffin sample. The waxing and embedding method comprises the following steps:

[0053] S51, placing the cork oak transparent sample and the acuta quercus transparent sample in a small crucible, adding a small amount of xylene, and adding the molten wax along the wall of the crucible, so that the molten wax solidifies on the xylene liquid, and the paraffin wax does not contact the cork oak transparent sample and the acuta quercus transparent sample, then standing for 1 hour, after the paraffin wax solidifies, placing the crucible in a 36° C. thermostat for 12 hours;

[0054] S52, gradually raising the temperature in the constant temperature box to 62°C, and performing temperature change treatment on the Quercus variabilis transparent sample and the Quercus acutissima transparent sample;

[0055] S53, taking out the Quercus variabilis transparent sample and Quercus acutissima transparent sample after the temperature change treatment from the small crucible respectively, and putting them into cup No. 1 in a 62° C. constant temperature box to soak for 2 hours, and then transferring each sample into cup No. 2 to soak again for 2 hours;

[0056] S54. Pour the melted paraffin into the small boat container and remove the bubbles on the edge of the boat. Then use the heated tweezers to place the Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample in the paraffin, adjust the positions of the Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample, and align the cut surfaces of the Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample with the edges.

[0057] S6. Slice the Quercus variabilis paraffin samples and Quercus acutissima paraffin samples respectively, and use a knife to trim the wax block into a trapezoidal shape with the upper and lower parts parallel. Place the heated knife on a wooden table, place the bottom of the wax block on the knife, slightly heat it until it slides, press the cut surface with the left hand to make the wax block stick to the wooden table, and use a microtome to cut into slices with a thickness of 10 μm to obtain Quercus variabilis paraffin sections and Quercus acutissima paraffin sections.

[0058] S7. Spread the cork oak paraffin sections and the hesperidium oak paraffin sections on a glass slide, absorb the moisture on the glass slide, and dry it. Place a clean glass slide on a slide drying machine set at 37°C, write a label on one end with a pencil, apply egg white glycerin on the slide, and then drop 3 to 4 drops of distilled water. Hold the brush in your left hand, hold up the wax tape, and fully spread it on the slide. Use filter paper to absorb excess moisture and bake it overnight until dry.

[0059] S8. Dewax and rehydrate the dried Quercus variabilis paraffin sections and Quercus acutissima paraffin sections respectively. First, soak the Quercus variabilis paraffin sections and Quercus acutissima paraffin sections in xylene for 30 minutes, and then soak them in the replaced xylene solution for 10 minutes to complete dewaxing. Then, soak them in a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and xylene in a 1:1 ratio, 100% ethanol, 95% ethanol, 85% ethanol, 70% ethanol, 50% ethanol and 30% ethanol in turn, each time for 10 minutes, to obtain pure Quercus variabilis samples and Quercus acutissima samples.

[0060] S9. Dye the pure Quercus variabilis samples and Quercus acutissima samples separately, soak the pure Quercus variabilis samples and Quercus acutissima samples in 0.05% toluidine blue aqueous solution for 5-6 minutes, then wash the floating color of the pure Quercus variabilis samples and Quercus acutissima samples with clean water twice, each time for 20 seconds, and then soak them in 30% alcohol, 50% alcohol, 70% alcohol, 85% alcohol, 95% alcohol and anhydrous ethanol in turn, each time for 10 minutes, to obtain Quercus variabilis dyed samples and Quercus acutissima dyed samples.

[0061] S10, respectively, performing transparent and sealing treatments on the Quercus variabilis stained samples and the Quercus acutissima stained samples, soaking the Quercus variabilis stained samples and the Quercus acutissima stained samples in a 1:1 mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and xylene for 15 minutes, then soaking them in a xylene solution for 15 minutes, and then soaking them in the replaced xylene solution for another 15 minutes, then dropping an appropriate amount (1 to 2 drops) of neutral gum on the slide, then tilting a clean cover glass and placing the slides on the slides, and drying the sections in a 40° C. incubator overnight to obtain the Quercus variabilis observation samples and the Quercus acutissima observation samples;

[0062] S11. Place the Quercus variabilis observation sample and the Quercus acutissima observation sample under a microscope for observation respectively, and distinguish the Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima by observing the size of the sample cells; when the Quercus variabilis observation sample and the Quercus acutissima observation sample are respectively selected from the cortex of a half-year-old Quercus variabilis stem segment and the cortex of a half-year-old Quercus acutissima stem segment, by observing the length of the subepidermal cells, when the length of the subepidermal cells is 30-33μm, and is significantly larger than that of the epidermal cells and phloem cells, it is Quercus variabilis; when the thickness of the subepidermal cells is 6-9μm, and is similar in size to that of the epidermal cells and phloem cells, it is Quercus acutissima.

[0063] When the Quercus variabilis observation samples and the Quercus acutissima observation samples were respectively selected from the cortex of one-year-old Quercus variabilis stem segments and the cortex of one-year-old Quercus acutissima stem segments, the cell distribution shape was observed. When 7-9 layers of brick-shaped cork cells were observed, which were neatly and tightly arranged with a thickness of 55-60μm, and the number of cork cell layers and the thickness of the cork layer increased with the age of the tree, and the epidermal cells and cork cells were arranged regularly on the cross section with a relatively smooth surface, then it was Quercus variabilis; when the epidermal cells and part of the cork cells were observed to be broken in a roll shape with a rolled thickness of 73-88μm, then it was Quercus acutissima.

[0064] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A method for distinguishing Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. First, prepare the sample materials of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima; S2, vacuuming and fixing the prepared Quercus variabilis material and Quercus acutissima material respectively to obtain a Quercus variabilis solidified sample and a Quercus acutissima solidified sample; S3, sequentially softening and dehydrating the Quercus variabilis solidified sample and the Quercus acutissima solidified sample to obtain a Quercus variabilis dehydrated sample and a Quercus acutissima dehydrated sample; S4, decolorizing the dehydrated Quercus variabilis sample and the dehydrated Quercus acutissima sample to obtain a transparent Quercus variabilis sample and a transparent Quercus acutissima sample; S5, performing wax immersion and embedding treatments on the transparent samples of Quercus variabilis and the transparent samples of Quercus acutissima respectively, to obtain the paraffin samples of Quercus variabilis and the paraffin samples of Quercus acutissima; S6, slicing the Quercus variabilis paraffin samples and the Quercus acutissima paraffin samples respectively to obtain Quercus variabilis paraffin sections and Quercus acutissima paraffin sections; S7, spreading the Quercus variabilis paraffin sections and Quercus acutissima paraffin sections on glass slides, absorbing moisture from the glass slides, and drying them; S8, dewaxing and rehydrating the dried Quercus variabilis paraffin sections and Quercus acutissima paraffin sections, respectively, to obtain pure Quercus variabilis samples and Quercus acutissima samples; S9, dyeing the pure Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample respectively to obtain a Quercus variabilis dyed sample and a Quercus acutissima dyed sample; S10, performing transparent and sealing treatments on the Quercus variabilis stained sample and the Quercus acutissima stained sample respectively, to obtain a Quercus variabilis observation sample and a Quercus acutissima observation sample; S11. Place the Quercus variabilis observation sample and the Quercus acutissima observation sample under a microscope for observation respectively, and observe the cell sizes of the samples to distinguish between the Quercus variabilis and the Quercus acutissima.

2. The method for distinguishing Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the sample materials of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima are taken from the bark of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima or the base of the stem segment of Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima that is less than one year old.

3. The method for distinguishing between Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuuming and fixing method in step S2 includes placing the Quercus variabilis sample material and the Quercus acutissima sample material in FAA fixative and vacuuming until no bubbles are seen in the FAA fixative, and then fixing the Quercus variabilis sample material and the Quercus acutissima sample material in the FAA fixative for at least 72 hours.

4. The method for distinguishing between Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima according to claim 1, characterized in that: The softening and dehydration treatment method in step S3 includes placing the fixed oak solidified sample and the acuta australis oak solidified sample in boiling water for 1 hour to soften them, then placing the softened oak sample and the acuta australis oak sample in 70% alcohol, 85% alcohol, 95% alcohol and anhydrous ethanol and soaking them for 1 hour respectively, and finally placing the soaked oak sample and the acuta australis oak sample in new anhydrous ethanol and soaking them for 1 hour again to complete the dehydration treatment of the oak sample and the acuta australis oak sample.

5. The method for distinguishing between Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decolorization method in step S4 includes soaking the dehydrated Quercus variabilis samples and Quercus acutissima samples in a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and xylene in a ratio of 1:1 for 12 hours, and then soaking the Quercus variabilis samples and Quercus acutissima samples in the xylene solution twice, each time for 2 hours.

6. The method for distinguishing between Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wax dipping and embedding treatment method in step S5 comprises the following steps: S51, placing the cork oak transparent sample and the acuta quercus transparent sample in a small crucible, adding a small amount of xylene, and adding the molten wax along the wall of the crucible, so that the molten wax solidifies on the xylene liquid, and the paraffin wax does not contact the cork oak transparent sample and the acuta quercus transparent sample, then standing for 1 hour, after the paraffin wax solidifies, placing the crucible in a 36° C. thermostat for 12 hours; S52, gradually raising the temperature in the constant temperature box to 62°C, and performing temperature change treatment on the Quercus variabilis transparent sample and the Quercus acutissima transparent sample; S53, taking out the Quercus variabilis transparent sample and Quercus acutissima transparent sample after the temperature change treatment from the small crucible respectively, and putting them into cup No. 1 in a 62° C. constant temperature box to soak for 2 hours, and then transferring each sample into cup No. 2 to soak again for 2 hours; S54. Pour the melted paraffin into a container and remove the bubbles on the edge of the container. Then use heated tweezers to place the Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample in the paraffin. Adjust the positions of the Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample and align the cut surfaces of the Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample with the edges.

7. The method for distinguishing between Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dewaxing and rehydration treatment method in step S8 includes first soaking the cork oak paraffin sections and the aconite oak paraffin sections in xylene for 30 minutes, then soaking them in the replaced xylene solution for 10 minutes to complete dewaxing, and then soaking them in a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and xylene in a ratio of 1:1, 100% ethanol, 95% ethanol, 85% ethanol, 70% ethanol, 50% ethanol and 30% ethanol in sequence, each soaking for 10 minutes.

8. The method for distinguishing between Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dyeing method in step S9 includes soaking the pure Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample in a 0.05% toluidine blue aqueous solution for 5-6 minutes, then washing the pure Quercus variabilis sample and the Quercus acutissima sample with clean water twice, each time for 20 seconds, and then soaking them in 30% alcohol, 50% alcohol, 70% alcohol, 85% alcohol, 95% alcohol and anhydrous ethanol in turn, each time for 10 minutes.

9. The method for distinguishing between Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S11, when the Quercus variabilis observation sample and the Quercus acutissima observation sample are respectively selected from the cortex of a half-year-old Quercus variabilis stem segment and the cortex of a half-year-old Quercus acutissima stem segment, by observing the length of the subepidermal cells, when the length of the subepidermal cells is 30-33 μm and is significantly larger than the epidermal cells and phloem cells, it is Quercus variabilis; when the thickness of the subepidermal cells is 6-9 μm and is similar in size to the epidermal cells and phloem cells, it is Quercus acutissima.

10. The method for distinguishing between Quercus variabilis and Quercus acutissima according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S11, when the Quercus variabilis observation sample and the Quercus acutissima observation sample are respectively selected from the cortex of a one-year-old Quercus variabilis stem segment and the cortex of a one-year-old Quercus acutissima stem segment, the cell distribution shape is observed. When 7-9 layers of brick-shaped cork cells are observed, which are neatly and tightly arranged, with a thickness of 55-60 μm, and the number of cork cell layers and the thickness of the cork layer increase with the age of the tree, and the epidermal cells and cork cells are arranged regularly on the cross section, and the surface is relatively smooth, then it is Quercus variabilis; when the epidermal cells and part of the cork cells are observed to be broken and rolled, and the rolled thickness is 73-88 μm, then it is Quercus acutissima.

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