Data processing device for individualized prediction and calibration of glycosylated hemoglobin values ​​and assisting in determining the risk of elevated blood sugar

Abstract

The present invention discloses a data processing device for individualized prediction and calibration of glycated hemoglobin values ​​and auxiliary judgment of the risk of elevated blood sugar. It includes the following modules: (A) a data receiving module, the data receiving module is configured to receive at least one of the following parameters: a single fasting plasma blood sugar, a single 2-hour postprandial plasma blood sugar, the arithmetic mean of multiple fasting capillary blood sugars, the calculated arithmetic mean of multiple 2-hour postprandial capillary blood sugars, and a single glycated albumin; (B) a data calculation module; the data calculation module is configured to receive data from the data receiving module; the data calculation module includes a parameter calculation module 1 and a parameter calculation module 2, which calculates and obtains the HbA1c point estimate; the HbA1c prediction range width and the HbA1c point estimate are set according to clinical needs, and the lower limit and upper limit of the HbA1c prediction range of the subject to be tested are calculated. The present invention adopts a method of setting the prediction range width according to clinical needs, which improves the accuracy of auxiliary judgment of elevated blood sugar.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a data processing device for individualized prediction and calibration of glycosylated hemoglobin values ​​and auxiliary judgment of blood sugar increase risk, belonging to the field of biomedicine. Background Art

[0002] Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a non-enzymatic glycosylation product of hemoglobin in red blood cells. It reflects the average blood sugar level for 2-3 months and is the "gold standard" for evaluating the blood sugar control of diabetic patients for 3 months. Controlling the HbA1c of adult diabetic patients to <7.0% can significantly reduce the risk of diabetic microangiopathy. In clinical practice, HbA1c is the most important basis for doctors to adjust the dosage and type of hypoglycemic drugs.

[0003] However, HbA1c also has limitations as an indicator for monitoring blood sugar control and adjusting blood sugar-lowering programs. First, since changes in HbA1c levels take 2-3 months, it cannot be used as a basis for adjusting hypoglycemic drugs in the short term; second, the method used for HbA1c determination should be traceable to the HbA1c detection method used in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT). Although the standardized determination of HbA1c is constantly advancing in my country, the results of HbA1c tests are unreliable in laboratories where HbA1c determination is not standardized; third, in diseases with increased or decreased red blood cell conversion rates, such as the presence of hemoglobin variants, anemia, renal insufficiency, etc., the results of HbA1c tests are unreliable. In addition, factors such as age, race, altitude, and even smoking and drinking may cause systematic errors in HbA1c's reflection of blood sugar levels to a certain extent.

[0004] Clinical indicators that reflect short-term blood sugar levels include: (1) Blood sugar, which can be divided into fasting blood sugar before breakfast, blood sugar before lunch and dinner, blood sugar two hours after three meals, blood sugar before bedtime, and blood sugar at night in terms of detection time; in terms of detection method, it can be divided into venous plasma blood sugar detected by biochemical analyzers in medical institutions and capillary blood sugar detected by patients themselves. (2) Glucose sensors are used to monitor the glucose concentration in the subcutaneous interstitial fluid. (3) Glycated albumin (GA), a non-enzymatic glycosylation product of serum albumin, can reflect the average blood sugar level for 2-3 weeks. Various blood sugar tests can reflect blood sugar levels in a timely manner. Both fasting blood sugar and blood sugar two hours after a meal are linearly correlated with HbA1c. Plasma glucose has a standardized measurement method and is comparable between different laboratories, but it requires patients to go to the hospital to collect venous blood, which is difficult to test multiple times in a short period of time. Although there are differences between blood sugar meters, the capillary blood sugar values ​​that patients monitor themselves using blood glucose meters are simple and easy to use and can be used by doctors to understand patients' recent blood sugar levels. Glycated albumin reflects the average level of blood sugar over 2-3 weeks. Patients need to go to the hospital for blood draw and measurement every month. Glycated albumin is not affected by the lifespan of the patient's red blood cells.

[0005] It is of great clinical significance to use these short-term indicators reflecting blood sugar to predict HbA1c levels and evaluate the consistency between HbA1c levels and blood sugar. On the one hand, it can help clinicians adjust the glucose-lowering plan in a timely manner and promote HbA1c to reach the target after 2-3 months, which has the meaning of "prediction" for HbA1c. On the other hand, when the indicators reflecting blood sugar in the short term and HbA1c are tested at the same time, cases of "inconsistency" between blood sugar and HbA1c can be found, prompting clinicians to analyze the reasons, such as those with large fluctuations in blood sugar, the presence of diseases that affect the life span of red blood cells affecting the determination of HbA1c, and the inaccurate determination of HbA1c using non-DCCT traceable methods, so as to select more reliable indicators to evaluate blood sugar control, which has the meaning of "correction" for HbA1c. At present, there is no clinical application system that uses blood sugar and glycated albumin to predict and correct HbA1c levels individually.

[0006] At present, clinicians rely solely on their clinical experience to estimate HbA1c using blood glucose and glycated albumin, and to evaluate whether blood glucose and glycated albumin are consistent with the individual's actual measured HbA1c. This empirical evaluation has no unified standard, and even experienced endocrinologists find it difficult to accurately evaluate. Previous studies have mostly used blood glucose or glycated albumin to predict HbA1c by establishing a linear regression model based on the least squares method. Due to the influence of factors such as diet, exercise, mood, and sleep, blood glucose has a large intra-individual biological variation. In addition, even at the same fasting blood glucose level, postprandial blood glucose levels are affected by the individual's diet and exercise, and vary greatly between individuals. There is also biological variation in the postprandial blood glucose levels of each meal within an individual. Similarly, at the same postprandial blood glucose level, fasting blood glucose also has inter-individual and intra-individual biological variation. These factors make the correlation between the mean of single plasma blood glucose and multiple capillary blood glucose and HbA1c very different in different studies. In our previous study, if the same linear regression analysis as in previous studies was used, the analysis of the data of patients with stable diabetes treatment for ≥3 months showed that the mean range width of the 95% confidence interval of HbA1c predicted by fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose, the average of the last 3 fasting capillary blood glucose within 3 months, and the average of the last 3-9 2-hour postprandial capillary blood glucose within 3 months was 4.9%, 5.1%, 4.6%, and 4.6%, respectively. As the patient's blood glucose level increased, the difference between the predicted HbA1c and the measured HbA1c became larger, indicating that it is difficult to accurately predict the individual HbA1c level through a simple linear regression model for any blood glucose index. Glycated albumin reflects the average blood glucose level in the last 2-3 weeks. Our previous analysis showed that the mean range width of the 95% confidence interval of HbA1c predicted by the linear regression model was 3.9%, which also cannot meet the clinical demand for the accuracy of HbA1c prediction. In addition, our previous studies have also shown that the HbA1c estimated by the same patient's fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose, the average of the last 3 fasting capillary blood glucose within 3 months, the average of the last 3-9 2-hour postprandial capillary blood glucose within 3 months, and glycated albumin can be very different, suggesting that the comprehensive fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, and glycated albumin have important clinical significance in predicting and correcting HbA1c. However, due to the collinearity between fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, and glycated albumin, they cannot be simultaneously entered into the linear regression equation as independent variables. Therefore, when patients have recently tested multiple blood glucose measurement indicators at the same time, the traditional linear regression model cannot combine these indicators to predict and correct the actual measured HbA1c, thereby losing some blood glucose information.

[0007] Because HbA1c is an indicator of average blood sugar, the continuous glucose monitoring technology (CGM) that uses a glucose sensor to monitor the glucose concentration of the subcutaneous interstitial fluid can measure blood sugar at multiple points within 2 weeks and calculate the average blood sugar, which can theoretically reflect the HbA1c level more accurately. However, studies have shown that any measured HbA1c value corresponds to a wider average blood sugar range obtained from CGM (Diabetes Care. 2017; 40(8): 994-9.), suggesting that the average blood sugar monitored by CGM to predict HbA1c still lacks the accuracy required for clinical practice. In addition, due to the high price of CGM, the Chinese Type 2 Diabetes Prevention and Treatment Guidelines recommend that CGM be used mainly for patients with type 2 diabetes who require intensive insulin therapy or patients with unexplained severe hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and large blood sugar fluctuations. Therefore, it is currently impossible to routinely use CGM as a prediction and correction system for HbA1c in clinical practice.

[0008] In summary, the clinic needs a system for individualized prediction of blood glucose and glycated albumin and correction of HbA1c levels to help clinicians accurately assess patients' blood glucose control levels and guide the formulation of clinical treatment plans. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a data processing device for individualized prediction and calibration of glycosylated hemoglobin values ​​and assisting in determining the risk of elevated blood sugar.

[0010] The present invention provides a data processing device for individualized prediction and calibration of glycosylated hemoglobin values ​​and auxiliary judgment of the risk of elevated blood sugar, comprising the following modules:

[0011] (A) a data receiving module; the data receiving module is configured to receive at least one of the following parameters: (a1) a single fasting plasma blood glucose measurement of the subject, recorded as FPG; (a2) a single 2-hour postprandial plasma blood glucose measurement of the subject, recorded as PPG2h; (a3) ​​multiple fasting capillary blood glucose measurements of the subject, and calculation of the arithmetic mean, recorded as mean FCG; (a4) multiple 2-hour postprandial capillary blood glucose measurements of the subject, and calculation of the arithmetic mean, recorded as mean PCG; (a5) a single glycated albumin measurement of the subject, recorded as GA;

[0012] (B) a data operation module; the data operation module is configured to receive data from the data receiving module;

[0013] The data operation module includes a parameter operation module 1 and a parameter operation module 2; the parameter operation module 1 is configured to calculate the HbA1c point estimates for different FPG value ranges according to the values of the FPG, PPG2h, mean FCG, mean PCG, or GA as follows in formulas (1) to (5); calculate the HbA1c point estimates for different PPG2h value ranges according to the following formulas (6) to (10); calculate the HbA1c point estimates for different mean FCG value ranges according to the following formulas (11) to (13); calculate the HbA1c point estimates for different mean PCG value ranges according to the following formulas (14) to (17); calculate the HbA1c point estimates for different GA value ranges according to the following formulas (18) to (21); set the HbA1c prediction range width and the HbA1c point estimates according to clinical requirements, and calculate the lower and upper limits of the HbA1c prediction range for the subject to be tested;

[0014] When the parameter operation module 1 is configured with at least two parameters among the values of the FPG, PPG2h, mean FCG, mean PCG, and GA, after each parameter is operated by the parameter operation module 1, the parameter operation module 2 is configured to calculate the HbA1c point estimate according to at least two parameters among the values of the FPG, PPG2h, mean FCG, mean PCG, and GA as follows in formulas (22) to (47); set the HbA1c prediction range width and the HbA1c point estimates according to clinical requirements, and calculate the lower and upper limits of the HbA1c prediction range for the subject to be tested;

[0015] In the following formulas (1) to (5), FPG represents the single fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c (FPG) represents the HbA1c point estimate within different FPG ranges;

[0016] When 2.99 < FPG ≤ 5.37 mmol / L,

[0017] Formula (1): HbA1c (2.99<FPG≤5.37mmol / L) = 0.41750 × FPG + 3.53997;

[0018] The HbA1c (2.99 < FPG ≤ 5.37 mmol / L) is denoted as y*, and the lower and upper limits of the HbA1c prediction range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0019] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y* - 0.54, upper limit = y* + 0.46, correct estimation probability 69.88%;

[0020] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.68, Upper limit = y* + 0.82, Probability of correct estimation 77.11%;

[0021] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.93, Upper limit = y* + 1.07, Probability of correct estimation 81.93%;

[0022] When 5.37 < FPG ≤ 6.66 mmol / L,

[0023] Equation (2): HbA1c (5.37<FPG≤6.66mmol / L) = 0.44010 × FPG + 3.56308;

[0024] HbA1c (5.37<FPG≤6.66mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0025] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.69, Upper limit = y* + 0.31, Probability of correct estimation 53.94%;

[0026] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.79, Upper limit = y* + 0.71, Probability of correct estimation 70.30%;

[0027] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.79, Upper limit = y* + 1.21, Probability of correct estimation 81.82%;

[0028] When 6.66 < FPG ≤ 7.82 mmol / L,

[0029] Equation (3): HbA1c (6.66<FPG≤7.82mmol / L) = 0.45225 × FPG + 3.65442;

[0030] HbA1c (6.66<FPG≤7.82mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0031] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.50, Upper limit = y* + 0.50, Probability of correct estimation 57.32%;

[0032] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.88, Upper limit = y* + 0.62, Probability of correct estimation 67.68%;

[0033] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.90, Upper limit = y* + 1.10, Probability of correct estimation 76.83%;

[0034] When 7.82 < FPG ≤ 12.90 mmol / L,

[0035] Equation (4): HbA1c(7.82<FPG≤12.90mmol / L) = 0.45933 × FPG + 3.67723;

[0036] HbA1c (7.82<FPG≤12.90mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0037] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.58, upper limit = y* + 0.42, probability of correct estimation 41.34%;

[0038] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.61, upper limit = y* + 0.89, probability of correct estimation 54.71%;

[0039] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.98, upper limit = y* + 1.02, probability of correct estimation 66.87%;

[0040] When 12.90 < FPG ≤ 24.50 mmol / L,

[0041] Equation (5): HbA1c (12.90<FPG≤24.50mmol / L) = 0.42062 × FPG + 3.55807;

[0042] HbA1c (12.90<FPG≤24.50mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0043] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.36, upper limit = y* + 0.64, probability of correct estimation 29.27%;

[0044] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.53, upper limit = y* + 0.97, probability of correct estimation 40.24%;.

[0045] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 1.01, upper limit = y* + 0.99, probability of correct estimation 48.78%;

[0046] In the following equations (6) to (10), PPG2h represents the plasma glucose level 2 hours after a single meal; HbA1c (PPG2h) represents the point estimate value of HbA1c within different ranges of PPG2h;

[0047] When 4.19 < PPG2h ≤ 8.30 mmol / L,

[0048] Equation (6): HbA1c (4.19<PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L) = 0.22762 × PPG2h + 4.13680;

[0049] HbA1c (4.19<PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0050] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.33, Upper limit = y* + 0.67, Probability of correct estimation 63.10%;

[0051] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.58, Upper limit = y* + 0.92, Probability of correct estimation 77.38%;

[0052] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.76, Upper limit = y* + 1.24, Probability of correct estimation 86.31%;

[0053] When 8.30 < PPG2h ≤ 9.61 mmol / L,

[0054] Equation (7): HbA1c (8.30<PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L) = 0.25794 × PPG2h + 4.10227;

[0055] HbA1c (8.30<PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0056] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.50, Upper limit = y* + 0.50, Probability of correct estimation 51.25%;

[0057] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.52, Upper limit = y* + 0.98, Probability of correct estimation 66.25%;

[0058] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.84, Upper limit = y* + 1.16, Probability of correct estimation 82.50%;

[0059] When 9.61 < PPG2h ≤ 12.36 mmol / L,

[0060] Equation (8): HbA1c (9.61<PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L) = 0.27500 × PPG2h + 4.26850;

[0061] HbA1c (9.61<PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0062] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.39, Upper limit = y* + 0.61, Probability of correct estimation 48.78%;

[0063] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.89, Upper limit = y* + 0.61, Probability of correct estimation 62.20%;

[0064] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 1.24, Upper limit = y* + 0.76, Probability of correct estimation 73.17;

[0065] When 12.36 < PPG2h ≤ 19.66 mmol / L,

[0066] Equation (9): HbA1c (12.36<PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L) = 0.27660 × PPG2h + 4.19787;

[0067] HbA1c (12.36<PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range for the subject to be predicted are as follows:

[0068] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.49, Upper limit = y* + 0.51, Probability of correct estimation 29.88%;

[0069] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 1.18, Upper limit = y* + 0.32, Probability of correct estimation 41.16%;

[0070] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 1.48, Upper limit = y* + 0.52, Probability of correct estimation 54.27%;

[0071] When 19.66 < PPG2h ≤ 33.60 mmol / L,

[0072] Equation (10): HbA1c (19.66<PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L) = 0.22762 × PPG2h + 4.13680;

[0073] HbA1c (19.66<PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range for the subject to be predicted are as follows:

[0074] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.56, Upper limit = y* + 0.44, Probability of correct estimation 33.73%;

[0075] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.60, Upper limit = y* + 0.90, Probability of correct estimation 42.17%;

[0076] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.56, Upper limit = y* + 1.44, Probability of correct estimation 49.40%;

[0077] In the following equations (11) to (13), mean FCG represents the arithmetic mean calculated from multiple fasting capillary blood glucose; HbA1c (mean FCG) represents the point estimate of HbA1c within different mean FCG ranges;

[0078] When 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L,

[0079] Equation (11): HbA1c (3.83<meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L) = 0.57473 × meanFCG + 2.69896;

[0080] HbA1c (3.83<meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0081] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.50, Upper limit = y* + 0.50, Probability of correct estimation 71.69%;

[0082] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.65, Upper limit = y* + 0.85, Probability of correct estimation 82.53%;

[0083] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.72, Upper limit = y* + 1.28, Probability of correct estimation 90.36%;

[0084] When 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L,

[0085] Equation (12): HbA1c (6.10<meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L) = 0.60706 × meanFCG + 2.65881;

[0086] HbA1c (6.10<meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0087] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.58, Upper limit = y* + 0.42, Probability of correct estimation 46.04%;

[0088] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.72, Upper limit = y* + 0.78, Probability of correct estimation 61.66%;

[0089] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.96, Upper limit = y* + 1.04, Probability of correct estimation 72.62%;

[0090] When 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L,

[0091] Equation (13): HbA1c (9.90<meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L) = 0.59259 × meanFCG + 2.64642;

[0092] HbA1c (9.90<meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0093] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.53, Upper limit = y* + 0.47, Probability of correct estimation 34.15%;

[0094] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.75, Upper limit = y* + 0.75, Probability of correct estimation 46.34%;

[0095] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 1.43, Upper limit = y* + 0.57, Probability of correct estimation 55.49%;

[0096] In the following formulas (14) to (17), mean PCG represents the arithmetic mean of capillary blood glucose 2 hours after multiple meals; HbA1c (mean PCG) represents the point estimate of HbA1c within different mean PCG ranges;

[0097] When 5.03 < meanPCG ≤ 8.24 mmol / L,

[0098] Formula (14): HbA1c (5.03<meanPCG≤8.24mmol / L) = 0.36948 × meanPCG + 3.18069;

[0099] HbA1c (5.03<meanPCG≤8.24mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0100] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.50, Upper limit = y* + 0.50, Probability of correct estimation 66.67%;

[0101] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.70, Upper limit = y* + 0.80, Probability of correct estimation 80.00%;

[0102] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.65, Upper limit = y* + 1.35, Probability of correct estimation 88.48%;

[0103] When 8.24 < meanPCG ≤ 12.86 mmol / L,

[0104] Formula (15): HbA1c (8.24<meanPCG≤12.86mmol / L) = 0.38881 × meanPCG + 3.16476;

[0105] HbA1c (8.24<meanPCG≤12.86mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0106] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.53, Upper limit = y* + 0.47, Probability of correct estimation 44.31%;

[0107] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.66, Upper limit = y* + 0.84, Probability of correct estimation 61.50%;

[0108] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 1.17, Upper limit = y* + 0.83, Probability of correct estimation 72.40%;

[0109] When 12.86 < meanPCG ≤ 16.33 mmol / L,

[0110] Equation (16): HbA1c (12.86<meanPCG≤16.33mmol / L) = 0.37158 × meanPCG + 3.24796;

[0111] HbA1c (12.86<meanPCG≤16.33mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0112] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.69, Upper limit = y* + 0.31, Probability of correct estimation 33.33%;

[0113] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.69, Upper limit = y* + 0.81, Probability of correct estimation 50.62%;

[0114] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.94, Upper limit = y* + 1.06, Probability of correct estimation 63.58%;

[0115] When 16.33 < meanPCG ≤ 28.90 mmol / L,

[0116] Equation (17): HbA1c (16.33<meanPCG≤28.90mmol / L) = 0.42633 × meanPCG + 3.00251;

[0117] HbA1c (16.33<meanPCG≤28.90mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0118] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.26, Upper limit = y* + 0.74, Probability of correct estimation 30.12%;

[0119] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.75, Upper limit = y* + 0.75, Probability of correct estimation 37.35%;

[0120] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 1.37, Upper limit = y* + 0.63, Probability of correct estimation 48.19%;

[0121] In the following formulas (18) to (21), GA represents glycated albumin in one instance; HbA1c (GA) represents the point estimate of HbA1c within different ranges of GA;

[0122] When 11.91 < GA ≤ 16.84%,

[0123] Formula (18): HbA1c (11.91<GA≤16.84％) = 0.25959 × GA + 2.21196;

[0124] HbA1c (11.91<GA≤16.84％) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0125] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.52, upper limit = y* + 0.48, probability of correct estimation 56.28%;

[0126] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.69, upper limit = y* + 0.81, probability of correct estimation 77.33%;

[0127] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.92, upper limit = y* + 1.08, probability of correct estimation 90.69%;

[0128] When 16.84 < GA ≤ 20.95%,

[0129] Formula (19): HbA1c (16.84<GA≤20.95％) = 0.27023 × GA + 2.21192;

[0130] HbA1c (16.84<GA≤20.95％) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be tested are as follows:

[0131] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.53, upper limit = y* + 0.47, probability of correct estimation 51.82%;

[0132] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.65, upper limit = y* + 0.85, probability of correct estimation 68.42%;

[0133] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 1.14, upper limit = y* + 0.86, probability of correct estimation 80.16%;

[0134] When 20.95 < GA ≤ 25.26%,

[0135] Formula (20): HbA1c (20.95<GA≤25.26％) = 0.26565 × GA + 2.22182;

[0136] HbA1c(20.95<GA≤25.26％) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be predicted are as follows:

[0137] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.81, upper limit = y* + 0.19, probability of correct estimation 40.85%;

[0138] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.65, upper limit = y* + 0.85, probability of correct estimation 57.93%;

[0139] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 1.01, upper limit = y* + 0.99, probability of correct estimation 71.95%;

[0140] When 25.26 < GA ≤ 65.13%,

[0141] Equation (21): HbA1c (25.26<GA≤65.13％) = 0.25959 × GA + 2.21196;

[0142] HbA1c (25.26<GA≤65.13％) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be predicted are as follows:

[0143] Range width 1.0%: Lower limit = y* - 0.40, upper limit = y* + 0.60, probability of correct estimation 34.55%;

[0144] Range width 1.5%: Lower limit = y* - 0.87, upper limit = y* + 0.63, probability of correct estimation 47.27%;

[0145] Range width 2.0%: Lower limit = y* - 1.06, upper limit = y* + 0.94, probability of correct estimation 61.21%;

[0146] In the following equations (22) to (47), y* represents the point estimate value of HbA1c calculated from at least two parameters among the values of the FPG, the PPG2h, the mean FCG, the mean PCG, and the GA;

[0147] Equation (22): y* = 0.02979 × FPG + 0.02896 × PPG2h + 0.16356 × meanFCG + 0.06158 × meanPCG + 0.15019 × GA + 1.98343;

[0148] Using y* in Equation (22) to predict the lower and upper limits of the prediction range for the subject to be predicted are as follows:

[0149] 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L:

[0150] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+0.35, correct estimation probability 69.28%;

[0151] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.74, correct estimation probability 84.94%;

[0152] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, probability of correct estimation 91.57%;

[0153] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0154] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.59, upper limit = y*+0.41, probability of correct estimation 58.01%;

[0155] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.86, upper limit = y*+0.64, correct estimation probability 74.85%;

[0156] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.08, upper limit = y*+0.92, correct estimation probability 84.58%;

[0157] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0158] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.52, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 40.85%;

[0159] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.73, upper limit = y*+0.77, correct estimation probability 56.71%;

[0160] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.23, upper limit = y*+0.77, correct estimation probability 68.90%;

[0161] Formula (23): y*=0.09885×FPG+0.06516×PPG2h+0.21217×meanFCG+ 0.11607×meanPCG+3.01847;

[0162] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (23) as follows:

[0163] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0164] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.73, upper limit = y*+0.27, correct estimation probability 72.29%;

[0165] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.45, correct estimation probability 86.75%;

[0166] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.95, correct estimation probability 92.77%;

[0167] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0168] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.25, correct estimation probability 51.52%;

[0169] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.47, correct estimation probability 67.95%;

[0170] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.23, upper limit = y*+0.77, probability of correct estimation 79.92%;

[0171] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0172] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, correct estimation probability 35.37%;

[0173] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.45, correct estimation probability 50.00%;

[0174] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, correct estimation probability 62.80%;

[0175] Formula (24): y*=0.02295×FPG+0.04521×PPG2h+0.21126×meanFCG+ 0.15705×GA+2.01184

[0176] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (24) as follows:

[0177] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0178] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.28, correct estimation probability 69.28%;

[0179] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.78, upper limit = y*+0.72, correct estimation probability 81.93%;

[0180] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 90.36%;

[0181] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0182] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, probability of correct estimation 58.22%;

[0183] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+0.59, probability of correct estimation 75.25%;

[0184] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, correct estimation probability 85.40%;

[0185] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0186] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 41.46%;

[0187] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+0.54, correct estimation probability 56.10%;

[0188] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, correct estimation probability 68.29%;

[0189] Formula (25): y*=0.08110×FPG+0.02169×PPG2h+0.12070×meanPCG+ 0.16022×GA+2.09849

[0190] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (25) as follows:

[0191] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[0192] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.64, upper limit = y*+0.36, correct estimation probability 67.86%;

[0193] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.39, correct estimation probability 85.12%;

[0194] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, probability of correct estimation 94.05%;

[0195] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[0196] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.6, upper limit = y*+0.4, probability of correct estimation 57.50%;

[0197] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.86, upper limit = y*+0.64, correct estimation probability 80.00%;

[0198] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, probability of correct estimation 90.00%;

[0199] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[0200] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, probability of correct estimation 58.54%;

[0201] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.79, upper limit = y*+0.71, correct estimation probability 75.61%;

[0202] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.98, correct estimation probability 85.98%;

[0203] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[0204] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, correct estimation probability 52.74%;

[0205] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.67, upper limit = y*+0.83, correct estimation probability 67.99%;

[0206] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+1.09, probability of correct estimation 77.44%;

[0207] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[0208] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.32, upper limit = y*+0.68, correct estimation probability 39.76%;

[0209] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.25, upper limit = y*+1.25, correct estimation probability 59.04%;

[0210] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.89, upper limit = y*+1.11, probability of correct estimation 72.29%;

[0211] Formula (26): y*=0.04381×FPG+0.15819×meanFCG+0.08186×meanPCG+ 0.15442×GA+1.95619;

[0212] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (26) as follows:

[0213] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0214] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.67, upper limit = y*+0.33, correct estimation probability 68.07%;

[0215] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.85, upper limit = y*+0.65, correct estimation probability 84.94%;

[0216] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 92.17%;

[0217] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0218] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.64, upper limit = y*+0.36, probability of correct estimation 56.39%;

[0219] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.74, upper limit = y*+0.76, correct estimation probability 73.63%;

[0220] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.98, upper limit = y*+1.02, correct estimation probability 83.57%;

[0221] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0222] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 40.85%;

[0223] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 54.88%;

[0224] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+1.24, correct estimation probability 67.68%;

[0225] Formula (27): y*=0.03419×PPG2h+0.18259×meanFCG+0.05939×meanPCG+ 0.15326×GA+1.97405;

[0226] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (27) as follows:

[0227] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0228] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.69, upper limit = y*+0.31, correct estimation probability 69.28%;

[0229] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 84.34%;

[0230] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 91.57%;

[0231] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0232] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.39, probability of correct estimation 57.61%;

[0233] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.7, probability of correct estimation 74.65%;

[0234] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, correct estimation probability 84.99%;

[0235] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0236] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.28, correct estimation probability 42.07%;

[0237] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.74, correct estimation probability 57.32%;

[0238] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.2, upper limit = y*+0.8, correct estimation probability 68.29%;

[0239] Formula (28): y*=0.09178×FPG+0.10019×PPG2h+0.32012×meanFCG+3.08517;

[0240] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (28) as follows:

[0241] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0242] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.17, probability of correct estimation 71.69%;

[0243] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 84.94%;

[0244] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.13, upper limit = y*+0.87, correct estimation probability 89.16%;

[0245] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0246] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.28, correct estimation probability 51.52%;

[0247] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.1, upper limit = y*+0.4, correct estimation probability 68.15%;

[0248] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, correct estimation probability 80.12%;

[0249] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0250] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.78, upper limit = y*+0.22, correct estimation probability 34.76%;

[0251] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.34, correct estimation probability 47.56%;

[0252] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.84, correct estimation probability 59.76%;

[0253] Formula (29): y*=0.17305×FPG+0.06016×PPG2h+0.20460×meanPCG+3.17850;

[0254] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (29) as follows:

[0255] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[0256] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.7, upper limit = y*+0.3, probability of correct estimation 70.24%;

[0257] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.49, correct estimation probability 85.12%;

[0258] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, probability of correct estimation 90.48%;

[0259] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[0260] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.52, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 67.50%;

[0261] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.08, upper limit = y*+0.42, correct estimation probability 82.50%;

[0262] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.84, probability of correct estimation 91.25%;

[0263] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[0264] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.53, upper limit = y*+0.47, probability of correct estimation 54.27%;

[0265] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.36, correct estimation probability 71.34%;

[0266] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, probability of correct estimation 85.37%;

[0267] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[0268] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, correct estimation probability 44.21%;

[0269] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.7, correct estimation probability 56.10%;

[0270] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+1.08, correct estimation probability 68.29%;

[0271] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[0272] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 39.76%;

[0273] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.62, upper limit = y*+0.88, correct estimation probability 54.22%;

[0274] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+1.03, correct estimation probability 68.67%;

[0275] Formula (30): y*=0.10888×FPG+0.06253×PPG2h+0.17991×GA+2.33256;

[0276] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (30) as follows:

[0277] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[0278] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.13, correct estimation probability 70.24%;

[0279] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.85, upper limit = y*+0.65, correct estimation probability 84.52%;

[0280] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.12, upper limit = y*+0.88, probability of correct estimation 93.45%;

[0281] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[0282] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.56, upper limit = y*+0.44, correct estimation probability 60.00%;

[0283] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+0.54, correct estimation probability 75.00%;

[0284] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+1.04, correct estimation probability 86.25%;

[0285] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[0286] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.5, upper limit = y*+0.5, correct estimation probability 56.10%;

[0287] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 76.22%;

[0288] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+1.09, correct estimation probability 85.37%;

[0289] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[0290] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.62, upper limit = y*+0.38, probability of correct estimation 51.52%;

[0291] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.67, correct estimation probability 68.60%;

[0292] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+1.03, probability of correct estimation 77.44%;

[0293] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[0294] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.38, upper limit = y*+0.62, correct estimation probability 43.37%;

[0295] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, probability of correct estimation 57.83%;

[0296] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, correct estimation probability 73.49%;

[0297] Formula (31): y*=0.13171×FPG+0.21800×meanFCG+0.16150×meanPCG+2.99804;

[0298] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (31) as follows:

[0299] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0300] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.77, upper limit = y*+0.23, correct estimation probability 74.10%;

[0301] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 87.35%;

[0302] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.07, upper limit = y*+0.93, correct estimation probability 93.98%;

[0303] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0304] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.39, correct estimation probability 49.70%;

[0305] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.47, correct estimation probability 65.11%;

[0306] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.22, upper limit = y*+0.78, probability of correct estimation 76.88%;

[0307] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0308] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.48, upper limit = y*+0.52, correct estimation probability 35.98%;

[0309] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+0.85, correct estimation probability 48.78%;

[0310] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, correct estimation probability 61.59%;

[0311] Formula (32): y*=0.04658×FPG+0.23063×meanFCG+0.16898×GA+1.98222;

[0312] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (32) as follows:

[0313] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0314] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.71, upper limit = y*+0.29, correct estimation probability 67.47%;

[0315] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+0.53, correct estimation probability 81.33%;

[0316] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.98, probability of correct estimation 90.96%;

[0317] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0318] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.43, upper limit = y*+0.57, probability of correct estimation 55.38%;

[0319] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.86, upper limit = y*+0.64, probability of correct estimation 73.02%;

[0320] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, correct estimation probability 83.57%;

[0321] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0322] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.44, upper limit = y*+0.56, correct estimation probability 39.63%;

[0323] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.94, upper limit = y*+0.56, correct estimation probability 54.88%;

[0324] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+1.09, correct estimation probability 64.63%;

[0325] Formula (33): y*=0.09210×FPG+0.13487×meanPCG+0.16115×GA+2.09892;

[0326] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (33) as follows:

[0327] 11.91 <GA≤16.84%:

[0328] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.64, upper limit = y*+0.36, correct estimation probability 66.80%;

[0329] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.77, upper limit = y*+0.73, correct estimation probability 83.40%;

[0330] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 95.55%;

[0331] 16.84 <GA≤20.95%:

[0332] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 59.51%;

[0333] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+0.66, probability of correct estimation 76.52%;

[0334] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+1.16, correct estimation probability 85.02%;

[0335] 20.95 <GA≤25.26%:

[0336] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.48, upper limit = y*+0.52, correct estimation probability 48.78%;

[0337] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.82, correct estimation probability 64.02%;

[0338] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.97, probability of correct estimation 76.22%;

[0339] 25.26 <GA≤65.13%:

[0340] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+0.08, correct estimation probability 37.58%;

[0341] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.04, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 52.12%;

[0342] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+1.24, correct estimation probability 64.24%;

[0343] Formula (34): y*=0.08452×PPG2h+0.28468×meanFCG+0.11726×meanPCG+2.99782;

[0344] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (34) as follows:

[0345] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0346] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, probability of correct estimation 72.29%;

[0347] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 86.75%;

[0348] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.98, probability of correct estimation 91.57%;

[0349] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0350] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.25, correct estimation probability 51.93%;

[0351] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+0.53, correct estimation probability 66.73%;

[0352] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.13, upper limit = y*+0.87, probability of correct estimation 78.50%;

[0353] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0354] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.66, upper limit = y*+0.34, correct estimation probability 32.93%;

[0355] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.47, correct estimation probability 48.78%;

[0356] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.97, correct estimation probability 61.59%;

[0357] Formula (35): y*=0.04860×PPG2h+0.22505×meanFCG+0.15953×GA+1.99793;

[0358] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (35) as follows:

[0359] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0360] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, correct estimation probability 68.67%;

[0361] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.82, upper limit = y*+0.68, correct estimation probability 81.93%;

[0362] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.98, probability of correct estimation 90.36%;

[0363] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0364] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, correct estimation probability 57.00%;

[0365] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, probability of correct estimation 75.25%;

[0366] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, correct estimation probability 85.19%;

[0367] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0368] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.49, upper limit = y*+0.51, correct estimation probability 40.85%;

[0369] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+0.5, correct estimation probability 56.71%;

[0370] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.84, correct estimation probability 68.29%;

[0371] Formula (36): y*=0.03725×PPG2h+0.13752×meanPCG+0.17321×GA+2.12427;

[0372] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject to be tested are predicted using y* in formula (36) as follows:

[0373] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[0374] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.79, upper limit = y*+0.21, correct estimation probability 66.07%;

[0375] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.57, correct estimation probability 83.33%;

[0376] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, probability of correct estimation 92.26%;

[0377] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[0378] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.46, upper limit = y*+0.54, correct estimation probability 55.00%;

[0379] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+0.59, probability of correct estimation 78.75%;

[0380] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, correct estimation probability 87.50%;

[0381] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[0382] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.39, probability of correct estimation 58.54%;

[0383] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+0.58, correct estimation probability 74.39%;

[0384] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+1.04, correct estimation probability 86.59%;

[0385] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[0386] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.7, upper limit = y*+0.3, correct estimation probability 51.52%;

[0387] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.74, upper limit = y*+0.76, correct estimation probability 67.07%;

[0388] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+1.04, probability of correct estimation 76.52%;

[0389] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[0390] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.5, upper limit = y*+0.5, correct estimation probability 37.35%;

[0391] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.41, upper limit = y*+1.09, probability of correct estimation 53.01%;

[0392] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+1.25, correct estimation probability 67.47%;

[0393] Formula (37): y*=0.18681×meanFCG+0.08537×meanPCG+0.15949×GA+1.94643;

[0394] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (37) as follows:

[0395] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0396] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.17, correct estimation probability 68.07%;

[0397] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.67, correct estimation probability 84.34%;

[0398] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, probability of correct estimation 92.17%;

[0399] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0400] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.44, upper limit = y*+0.56, correct estimation probability 55.98%;

[0401] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.73, upper limit = y*+0.77, probability of correct estimation 72.82%;

[0402] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, correct estimation probability 82.76%;

[0403] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0404] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.6, upper limit = y*+0.4, correct estimation probability 40.85%;

[0405] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.77, upper limit = y*+0.73, correct estimation probability 56.71%;

[0406] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.77, upper limit = y*+1.23, correct estimation probability 69.51%;

[0407] Formula (38): y*=0.24784×FPG+0.14416×PPG2h+3.84417;

[0408] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted using y* in formula (38) as follows:

[0409] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[0410] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.2, correct estimation probability 69.05%;

[0411] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.45, correct estimation probability 85.12%;

[0412] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, correct estimation probability 91.67%;

[0413] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[0414] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.78, upper limit = y*+0.22, correct estimation probability 58.75%;

[0415] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 78.75%;

[0416] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, correct estimation probability 86.25%;

[0417] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[0418] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.56, upper limit = y*+0.44, probability of correct estimation 53.05%;

[0419] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+0.51, correct estimation probability 69.51%;

[0420] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, probability of correct estimation 79.88%;

[0421] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[0422] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.13, correct estimation probability 37.80%;

[0423] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.27, upper limit = y*+0.23, correct estimation probability 53.35%;

[0424] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.37, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 62.80%;

[0425] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[0426] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+0.08, correct estimation probability 38.55%;

[0427] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.9, upper limit = y*+0.6, correct estimation probability 53.01%;

[0428] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.22, upper limit = y*+0.78, correct estimation probability 63.86%;

[0429] Formula (39): y*=0.16175×FPG+0.38735×meanFCG+3.21836

[0430] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (39) as follows:

[0431] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0432] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+0.01, probability of correct estimation 71.08%;

[0433] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 84.34%;

[0434] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 89.76%;

[0435] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0436] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.81, upper limit = y*+0.19, correct estimation probability 48.07%;

[0437] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+0.53, correct estimation probability 63.29%;

[0438] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.32, upper limit = y*+0.68, probability of correct estimation 75.66%;

[0439] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0440] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.55, upper limit = y*+0.45, correct estimation probability 33.54%;

[0441] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.7, upper limit = y*+0.8, correct estimation probability 46.95%;

[0442] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.1, upper limit = y*+0.9, probability of correct estimation 56.10%;

[0443] Formula (40): y*=0.20471×FPG+0.24956×meanPCG+3.15785

[0444] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted using y* in formula (40) as follows:

[0445] y*=0.20471×FPG+0.24956×meanPCG+3.15785

[0446] 5.03 <meanPCG≤8.24mmol / L:

[0447] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.6, upper limit = y*+0.4, correct estimation probability 70.30%;

[0448] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.49, correct estimation probability 86.67%;

[0449] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 93.33%;

[0450] 8.24 <meanPCG≤12.86mmol / L:

[0451] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.63, upper limit = y*+0.37, correct estimation probability 52.78%;

[0452] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.12, upper limit = y*+0.38, correct estimation probability 66.83%;

[0453] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.19, upper limit = y*+0.81, probability of correct estimation 77.00%;

[0454] 12.86 <meanPCG≤16.33mmol / L:

[0455] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.63, upper limit = y*+0.37, correct estimation probability 38.89%;

[0456] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.25, upper limit = y*+0.25, correct estimation probability 54.94%;

[0457] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.13, upper limit = y*+0.87, correct estimation probability 65.43%;

[0458] 16.33 <meanPCG≤28.90mmol / L:

[0459] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.51, upper limit = y*+0.49, correct estimation probability 32.53%;

[0460] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+0.66, correct estimation probability 45.78%;

[0461] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+1.16, correct estimation probability 56.63%;

[0462] Formula (41): y*=0.15520×FPG+0.19954×GA+2.33232

[0463] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject to be tested are predicted using y* in formula (41) as follows:

[0464] 11.91 <GA≤16.84%:

[0465] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.66, upper limit = y*+0.34, correct estimation probability 63.97%;

[0466] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.89, upper limit = y*+0.61, correct estimation probability 85.02%;

[0467] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.98, upper limit = y*+1.02, probability of correct estimation 94.33%;

[0468] 16.84 <GA≤20.95%:

[0469] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.5, upper limit = y*+0.5, correct estimation probability 57.89%;

[0470] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+0.5, correct estimation probability 71.26%;

[0471] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.21, upper limit = y*+0.79, correct estimation probability 81.78%;

[0472] 20.95 <GA≤25.26%:

[0473] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.32, upper limit = y*+0.68, correct estimation probability 42.68%;

[0474] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.78, correct estimation probability 64.02%;

[0475] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, correct estimation probability 75.00%;

[0476] 25.26 <GA≤65.13%:

[0477] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.07, correct estimation probability 36.36%;

[0478] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.57, probability of correct estimation 51.52%;

[0479] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, correct estimation probability 65.45%;

[0480] Formula (42): y*=0.11847×PPG2h+0.38677×meanFCG+3.08044;

[0481] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject to be tested are predicted using y* in formula (42) as follows:

[0482] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0483] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.24, correct estimation probability 69.88%;

[0484] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.57, correct estimation probability 83.73%;

[0485] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.25, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 89.16%;

[0486] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0487] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.07, correct estimation probability 49.29%;

[0488] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+0.5, correct estimation probability 66.13%;

[0489] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.84, probability of correct estimation 78.30%;

[0490] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0491] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.73, upper limit = y*+0.27, correct estimation probability 34.15%;

[0492] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.06, upper limit = y*+0.44, correct estimation probability 48.78%;

[0493] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 59.15%;

[0494] Formula (43): y*=0.10402×PPG2h+0.25953×meanPCG+3.45175;

[0495] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (43) as follows:

[0496] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[0497] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+0.16, correct estimation probability 67.26%;

[0498] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 80.36%;

[0499] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.31, upper limit = y*+0.69, correct estimation probability 88.10%;

[0500] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[0501] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.39, correct estimation probability 61.25%;

[0502] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.7, probability of correct estimation 75.00%;

[0503] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.25, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 87.50%;

[0504] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[0505] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.59, upper limit = y*+0.41, correct estimation probability 51.22%;

[0506] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 66.46%;

[0507] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.06, upper limit = y*+0.94, probability of correct estimation 79.27%;

[0508] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[0509] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.81, upper limit = y*+0.19, correct estimation probability 37.20%;

[0510] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+0.59, probability of correct estimation 53.35%;

[0511] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, correct estimation probability 64.63%;

[0512] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[0513] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.55, upper limit = y*+0.45, correct estimation probability 32.53%;

[0514] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.98, upper limit = y*+0.52, correct estimation probability 45.78%;

[0515] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, probability of correct estimation 57.83%;

[0516] Formula (44): y*=0.09302×PPG2h+0.20178×GA+2.41458;

[0517] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted using y* in formula (44) as follows:

[0518] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[0519] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.07, correct estimation probability 64.29%;

[0520] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.57, correct estimation probability 82.74%;

[0521] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, probability of correct estimation 92.26%;

[0522] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[0523] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.35, upper limit = y*+0.65, correct estimation probability 56.25%;

[0524] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.74, correct estimation probability 71.25%;

[0525] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.94, upper limit = y*+1.06, correct estimation probability 86.25%;

[0526] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[0527] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.67, upper limit = y*+0.33, correct estimation probability 56.10%;

[0528] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 73.78%;

[0529] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.9, upper limit = y*+1.1, correct estimation probability 85.98%;

[0530] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[0531] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, correct estimation probability 51.52%;

[0532] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.85, upper limit = y*+0.65, correct estimation probability 65.85%;

[0533] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.24, upper limit = y*+0.76, correct estimation probability 76.52%;

[0534] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[0535] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 39.76%;

[0536] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.04, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 55.42%;

[0537] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, probability of correct estimation 71.08%;

[0538] Formula (45): y*=0.31984×meanFCG+0.18709×meanPCG+2.97921;

[0539] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject to be tested are predicted using y* in formula (45) as follows:

[0540] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0541] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.82, upper limit = y*+0.18, probability of correct estimation 73.49%;

[0542] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.82, upper limit = y*+0.68, correct estimation probability 86.14%;

[0543] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, probability of correct estimation 92.77%;

[0544] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0545] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.28, correct estimation probability 46.45%;

[0546] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.78, upper limit = y*+0.72, correct estimation probability 63.49%;

[0547] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.27, upper limit = y*+0.73, probability of correct estimation 75.66%;

[0548] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0549] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.37, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 34.76%;

[0550] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.67, correct estimation probability 47.56%;

[0551] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.85, upper limit = y*+1.15, correct estimation probability 59.15%;

[0552] Formula (46): y*=0.26487×meanFCG+0.17457×GA+1.97928;

[0553] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject to be tested are predicted using y* in formula (46) as follows:

[0554] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0555] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.2, correct estimation probability 66.87%;

[0556] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.74, correct estimation probability 80.12%;

[0557] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.95, probability of correct estimation 90.36%;

[0558] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0559] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.49, upper limit = y*+0.51, probability of correct estimation 53.96%;

[0560] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.79, upper limit = y*+0.71, correct estimation probability 73.02%;

[0561] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, probability of correct estimation 82.76%;

[0562] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0563] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.17, correct estimation probability 40.85%;

[0564] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.67, correct estimation probability 54.88%;

[0565] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.19, upper limit = y*+0.81, correct estimation probability 65.85%;

[0566] Formula (47): y*=0.16821×meanPCG+0.17968×GA+2.11076;

[0567] The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (47) as follows:

[0568] 11.91 <GA≤16.84%:

[0569] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.57, upper limit = y*+0.43, correct estimation probability 65.18%;

[0570] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.78, correct estimation probability 80.57%;

[0571] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, probability of correct estimation 92.71%;

[0572] 16.84 <GA≤20.95%:

[0573] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.52, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 58.70%;

[0574] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.86, upper limit = y*+0.64, correct estimation probability 75.30%;

[0575] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.95, upper limit = y*+1.05, correct estimation probability 83.40%;

[0576] 20.95 <GA≤25.26%:

[0577] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.43, upper limit = y*+0.57, correct estimation probability 46.95%;

[0578] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.71, upper limit = y*+0.79, correct estimation probability 65.24%;

[0579] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.95, upper limit = y*+1.05, correct estimation probability 75.00%;

[0580] 25.26 <GA≤65.13%:

[0581] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.66, upper limit = y*+0.34, correct estimation probability 35.15%;

[0582] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.06, upper limit = y*+0.44, correct estimation probability 48.48%;

[0583] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.89, upper limit = y*+1.11, correct estimation probability 63.03%.

[0584] In the present invention, the principle of obtaining the formulas for calculating the lower limit and upper limit of the predicted range of the HbA1c of the person to be measured according to different range widths is as follows: Set the HbA1c prediction range width and multiple groups of low and high values of the estimation error according to clinical requirements. According to the measured HbA1c, select a group of low and high values of the estimation error with the highest correct estimation rate and the smallest absolute value of the sum of the low and high values of the estimation error, and use it to calculate the lower limit and upper limit of the predicted range of the HbA1c of the person to be measured. For example, among 83 people in the validation population, the FPG satisfies 2.99 < FPG ≤ 5.37 mmol / L. When the preset prediction range width is 1.0%, sets of low and high values of the estimation error are respectively [-0.01%, +0.99%], [-0.02%, +0.98%],.... [-0.98%, +0.02%], [-0.99%, +0.01%]; for a certain patient, the measured FPG is 5.3 mmol / L, and the measured HbA1c is 5.6%. The HbA1c point estimate calculated according to formula (1) is 5.75%, and the estimation error is the difference between the measured value and the predicted value, -0.15%. If this estimation error is within certain estimation error groups, such as within the estimation error groups [-0.40%, +0.60%], [-0.30%, +0.70%], [-0.20%, +0.80%], etc., it is called a correct estimation. Calculate the proportion of the number of correct estimations in each estimation error group to the total number of 83 people to obtain the correct estimation possibility of each estimation error group. Select the estimation error group with the highest correct estimation possibility and the sum of the high and low values of the estimation error closest to 0; therefore, the formulas for the lower limit and upper limit of the predicted range of the HbA1c of the person to be measured are respectively the point estimate + the low value of the estimation error, and the point estimate + the high value of the estimation error.

[0585] In the above data processing device, the data processing device further includes a control module or a controller; the control module or the controller is used to control each module.

[0586] In the above data processing device, the parameter acquisition device includes a biochemical analyzer for detecting plasma glucose and glycated albumin, a blood glucose meter for detecting capillary blood glucose, and a glycated hemoglobin analyzer.

[0587] The present invention also provides a system for assisting in judging the risk of blood glucose increase based on an individualized prediction and correction system for glycated hemoglobin, which includes a biochemical analyzer for detecting plasma glucose and glycated albumin, a blood glucose meter for detecting capillary blood glucose, a glycated hemoglobin analyzer, and a computing device provided with the above data processing device for individualized prediction and calibration of glycated hemoglobin values and assisting in judging the risk of blood glucose increase.

[0588] In the above system, the system further includes an input device and an output device;

[0589] The computing device includes a computer or a mobile phone.

[0590] The present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned data processing device or the above-mentioned system for assisting in determining the risk of elevated blood sugar based on the individualized prediction of glycated hemoglobin or the above-mentioned system for assisting in determining the risk of elevated blood sugar based on the individualized prediction and correction of glycated hemoglobin, comprising the following steps: measuring at least one parameter value of the test subject's fasting plasma blood sugar, 2-hour postprandial plasma blood sugar, fasting capillary blood sugar, 2-hour postprandial capillary blood sugar and glycated albumin, and recording the values; inputting the parameter values ​​into a computing device using the above-mentioned data processing device or the above-mentioned system provided with the above-mentioned data processing device for individualized prediction and calibration of glycated hemoglobin values ​​and assisting in determining the risk of elevated blood sugar, to obtain an HbA1c point estimate, setting the HbA1c prediction range width and the HbA1c point estimate according to clinical needs, and calculating the lower limit and upper limit of the HbA1c prediction range of the test subject to assist in determining the risk of elevated blood sugar.

[0591] The present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the following steps:

[0592] Receive at least one of the following data: (a1) a single fasting plasma blood glucose measurement of the subject, recorded as FPG; (a2) a single 2-hour postprandial plasma blood glucose measurement of the subject, recorded as PPG2h; (a3) ​​multiple fasting capillary blood glucose measurements of the subject, and the arithmetic mean value calculated, recorded as mean FCG; (a4) multiple 2-hour postprandial capillary blood glucose measurements of the subject, and the arithmetic mean value calculated, recorded as mean PCG; (a5) a single glycated albumin measurement of the subject, recorded as GA;

[0593] According to any one of the values ​​of the FPG, the PPG2h, the mean FCG, the mean PCG or the GA, the width of the HbA1c prediction range and the HbA1c point estimate are set according to clinical needs, and the lower limit and upper limit of the HbA1c prediction range of the subject are calculated to assist in determining the risk of elevated blood sugar.

[0594] The data processing device of the present invention is applied to the preparation of products for assisting in determining the risk of increased blood sugar based on the individualized prediction and correction system for glycated hemoglobin.

[0595] The blood glucose measuring reagent and / or measuring device, the glycated albumin reagent and / or measuring device and the above-mentioned data processing device in the present invention are used to prepare products for assisting in judging the risk of elevated blood glucose based on the glycated hemoglobin individualized prediction and correction system.

[0596] The predicted range of HbA1c of the subject measured according to the above scheme; the criteria for judging the risk of elevated blood sugar are as follows: (1) According to the guidelines for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes, the HbA1c control target for ordinary adults with type 2 diabetes is <7.0%. The HbA1c control target is appropriately relaxed for elderly patients or patients with severe complications and repeated hypoglycemia. As the probability of correct estimation of HbA1c by this system decreases with the increase of blood sugar, it is recommended that for patients with fasting blood sugar ≤8.5mmol / L or 2-hour postprandial blood sugar ≤12.0mmol / L or GA ≤20%, a prediction range of 1.0% or 1.5% be used for prediction, and for patients with fasting blood sugar >8.5mmol / L or 2-hour postprandial blood sugar >12.0mmol / L or GA >20%, a prediction range of 1.5% or 2.0% be used for prediction.

[0597] (2) When there is no actual HbA1c value measured during the same period, the system's predicted range and point estimate of HbA1c can be used to preliminarily determine whether the patient's HbA1c can reach the control target. If it is determined that the control target cannot be reached, the doctor will adjust the hypoglycemic treatment plan.

[0598] (3) Compared with the actual HbA1c value during the same period, it is applicable to patients whose glucose-lowering treatment regimen has been stable for 3 months:

[0599] A. If the measured HbA1c is within the predicted range, that is, the lower limit of the predicted range ≤ the measured HbA1c ≤ the upper limit of the predicted range, the blood glucose index is judged to be consistent with the measured HbA1c. The doctor will decide whether to adjust the patient's blood glucose-lowering treatment plan based on whether the measured HbA1c reaches the control target.

[0600] B. If the measured HbA1c does not reach the control target, the 1.0% prediction range predicted by this system includes the HbA1c control target, and the measured HbA1c is higher than the upper limit of the prediction range, that is, the lower limit of the 1.0% prediction range ≤ [HbA1c control target] ≤ the upper limit of the 1.0% prediction range < the measured HbA1c, it is recommended to provide other blood glucose indicators to predict HbA1c and perform the prediction of parameter operation module 2, which will help explain the reason for the increase in the measured HbA1c and adjust the treatment plan. If the upper limits of the HbA1c prediction range predicted by multiple blood glucose indicators alone or in combination are lower than the measured HbA1c, it is necessary to find out whether the patient has factors that affect blood glucose indicators in the short term, such as changes in diet, exercise or hypoglycemic drugs, or whether there are factors that affect HbA1c detection, such as anemia, hemoglobin variants, etc.

[0601] C. If the measured HbA1c has reached the control target and the lower limit of the 1.0% prediction range is higher than the control target, that is, the measured HbA1c < [HbA1c control target] < 1.0% prediction range lower limit, it is recommended to provide other blood glucose indicators to predict HbA1c and perform parameter calculation module 2 prediction. If the lower limit of the HbA1c 1.0% range predicted by multiple blood glucose indicators alone or in combination is higher than the HbA1c control target, it is necessary to find out whether the patient has factors that affect blood glucose indicators in the short term, such as changes in diet, exercise or hypoglycemic drugs, or whether there are factors that affect HbA1c levels or detection, such as repeated hypoglycemia, anemia, renal insufficiency, hemoglobin variants, etc.

[0602] D. If the measured HbA1c is significantly lower than the HbA1c control target, and the lower limit of the 1.0% prediction range is lower than the HbA1c control target, that is, the measured HbA1c <1.0% prediction range lower limit < [HbA1c control target], it is recommended to provide other blood glucose indicators to predict HbA1c and perform parameter calculation module 2 prediction. If the lower limits of the HbA1c 1.0% range predicted by multiple blood glucose indicators alone or in combination are all higher than the measured HbA1c, it is necessary to find out whether the patient has factors that affect the HbA1c level or detection, such as repeated hypoglycemia, anemia, renal insufficiency, hemoglobin variants, etc.

[0603] E. If the measured HbA1c and the lower limit of the predicted range are both significantly higher than the HbA1c control target, and the measured HbA1c is not within the predicted range, it is recommended to adjust the patient's hypoglycemic treatment plan first, and re-evaluate whether the measured HbA1c is consistent with the HbA1c predicted range 2-3 months after the blood sugar level is lowered.

[0604] (4) When there are factors that clearly affect HbA1c testing, such as anemia, renal insufficiency, hemoglobin variants, etc., or when HbA1c testing has not yet been standardized in hospitals, since HbA1c testing is inaccurate at this time, the point estimate and range prediction of HbA1c can help doctors judge the patient's blood sugar control status.

[0605] (5) This system is not suitable for HbA1c prediction in diabetic patients who are known to have frequent hypoglycemia.

[0606] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0607] (1) Provide individual HbA1c point estimates based on fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose, fasting capillary mean glucose, 2-hour postprandial capillary mean glucose, or glycated albumin, and provide upper and lower limits and probabilities for determining HbA1c within the prediction range of 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%.

[0608] The problem of inconsistent HbA1c point estimates predicted by different blood sugar indices is solved. When a patient has tested multiple blood sugar indices, the blood sugar level information provided by each indicator is fully utilized to comprehensively predict the HbA1c (%) point estimate and determine the upper and lower limits and probability of HbA1c within the prediction range of 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%.

[0609] (2) The quantile regression and ridge regression methods were used to establish the model, which solved the defects of the traditional linear regression prediction model, which was greatly affected by outliers and could not make predictions based on various blood glucose indicators.

[0610] Under the condition that the width of the HbA1c (%) prediction range is controlled to be 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%, the possibility of measuring HbA1c within this range is provided, providing multi-level information for clinicians to evaluate the blood sugar control of patients.

[0611] (3) In patients with stable diabetes treatment for ≥3 months, without screening, the mean range widths of the individual 95% confidence intervals of HbA1c predicted by fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose, the average of the last 3 fasting capillary blood glucose, and the average of the last 3-9 2-hour postprandial capillary blood glucose were 4.9%, 5.1%, 4.6%, and 4.6%, respectively. The present invention adopts a method of setting the prediction range width according to clinical needs, which greatly improves the accuracy of auxiliary judgment of elevated blood glucose.

[0612] (4) The original data used to establish the model came from eight centers across the country. The HbA1c measurement passed the HbA1c standardization consistency comparison of the national central laboratory (Department of Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University), ensuring the accuracy of the HbA1c measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0613] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a data processing device for assisting in determining the risk of elevated blood sugar based on the individualized prediction and correction system for glycated hemoglobin of the present invention.

[0614] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart of a data processing device for assisting in determining the risk of elevated blood sugar using the individualized prediction and correction system for glycated hemoglobin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0615] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods.

[0616] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0617] In the following embodiments, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of HbA1c of the subject to be tested are calculated based on the determination of different parameters; the criteria for judging the risk of elevated blood sugar are as follows: (1) According to the guidelines for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes, the HbA1c control target for ordinary adults with type 2 diabetes is <7.0%. For elderly patients or patients with severe complications or repeated hypoglycemia, the HbA1c control target is appropriately relaxed. As the blood sugar level increases, the possibility of the correct estimation of HbA1c by this system decreases. It is recommended that for patients with fasting blood sugar ≤8.5mmol / L or 2-hour postprandial blood sugar ≤12.0mmol / L or GA ≤20%, a prediction range of 1.0% or 1.5% be used for prediction, and for patients with fasting blood sugar >8.5mmol / L or 2-hour postprandial blood sugar >12.0mmol / L or GA >20%, a prediction range of 1.5% or 2.0% be used for prediction.

[0618] (2) When there is no actual HbA1c value measured during the same period, the system's predicted range and point estimate of HbA1c can be used to preliminarily determine whether the patient's HbA1c can reach the control target. If it is determined that the control target cannot be reached, the doctor will adjust the hypoglycemic treatment plan.

[0619] (3) Compared with the actual HbA1c value during the same period, it is applicable to patients whose glucose-lowering treatment regimen has been stable for 3 months:

[0620] A. If the measured HbA1c is within the predicted range, that is, the lower limit of the predicted range ≤ the measured HbA1c ≤ the upper limit of the predicted range, the blood glucose index is judged to be consistent with the measured HbA1c. The doctor will decide whether to adjust the patient's blood glucose-lowering treatment plan based on whether the measured HbA1c reaches the control target.

[0621] B. If the measured HbA1c does not reach the control target, the 1.0% prediction range predicted by this system includes the HbA1c control target, and the measured HbA1c is higher than the upper limit of the prediction range, that is, the lower limit of the 1.0% prediction range ≤ [HbA1c control target] ≤ the upper limit of the 1.0% prediction range < the measured HbA1c, it is recommended to provide other blood glucose indicators to predict HbA1c and perform the prediction of parameter operation module 2, which will help explain the reason for the increase in the measured HbA1c and adjust the treatment plan. If the upper limits of the HbA1c prediction range predicted by multiple blood glucose indicators alone or in combination are lower than the measured HbA1c, it is necessary to find out whether the patient has factors that affect blood glucose indicators in the short term, such as changes in diet, exercise or hypoglycemic drugs, or whether there are factors that affect HbA1c detection, such as anemia, hemoglobin variants, etc.

[0622] C. If the measured HbA1c has reached the control target and the lower limit of the 1.0% prediction range is higher than the control target, that is, the measured HbA1c < [HbA1c control target] < 1.0% prediction range lower limit, it is recommended to provide other blood glucose indicators to predict HbA1c and perform parameter calculation module 2 prediction. If the lower limit of the HbA1c 1.0% range predicted by multiple blood glucose indicators alone or in combination is higher than the HbA1c control target, it is necessary to find out whether the patient has factors that affect blood glucose indicators in the short term, such as changes in diet, exercise or hypoglycemic drugs, or whether there are factors that affect HbA1c levels or detection, such as repeated hypoglycemia, anemia, renal insufficiency, hemoglobin variants, etc.

[0623] D. If the measured HbA1c is significantly lower than the HbA1c control target, and the lower limit of the 1.0% prediction range is lower than the HbA1c control target, that is, the measured HbA1c <1.0% prediction range lower limit < [HbA1c control target], it is recommended to provide other blood glucose indicators to predict HbA1c and perform parameter calculation module 2 prediction. If the lower limits of the HbA1c 1.0% range predicted by multiple blood glucose indicators alone or in combination are all higher than the measured HbA1c, it is necessary to find out whether the patient has factors that affect the HbA1c level or detection, such as repeated hypoglycemia, anemia, renal insufficiency, hemoglobin variants, etc.

[0624] E. If the measured HbA1c and the lower limit of the predicted range are both significantly higher than the HbA1c control target, and the measured HbA1c is not within the predicted range, it is recommended to adjust the patient's hypoglycemic treatment plan first, and re-evaluate whether the measured HbA1c is consistent with the HbA1c predicted range 2-3 months after the blood sugar level is lowered.

[0625] (4) When there are factors that clearly affect HbA1c testing, such as anemia, renal insufficiency, hemoglobin variants, etc., or when HbA1c testing has not yet been standardized in hospitals, since HbA1c testing is inaccurate at this time, the point estimate and range prediction of HbA1c can help doctors judge the patient's blood sugar control status.

[0626] (5) This system is not suitable for HbA1c prediction in diabetic patients who are known to have frequent hypoglycemia.

[0627] Example

[0628] 1. Randomization of the study population

[0629] Clinical data from eight hospitals across the country were used. The blood sugar-lowering treatment regimen (including diet, exercise, and medication) of type 2 diabetes patients was stable for at least 3 months. A total of 1,642 type 2 diabetes patients were collected and randomly divided into a model establishment group of 819 and a model validation group of 823. The main data included demographic data, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c (%)), fasting plasma glucose (FPG (mmol / L)), postprandial 2-hour plasma glucose (PPG2h (mmol / L)), 3 fasting capillary blood glucose (FCG (mmol / L)) and mean FCG (mmol / L), 3 to 9 postprandial capillary blood glucose (PCG (mmol / L)) and mean PCG (mmol / L), and central determination of glycated albumin (GA (%)). The HbA1c determinations of the eight centers were all compared with the HbA1c standardization consistency of the national central laboratory (Department of Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University).

[0630] 2. Establishing a single blood glucose index to predict HbA1c model

[0631] The quantile regression method was adopted, and the model establishment group data was used. A single blood glucose index was used to establish a 5% to 95% quantile regression model for predicting HbA1c with an interval of 1%; the model validation group data was used to group the blood glucose index into deciles, and according to the set predicted HbA1c (%) range width (hereinafter referred to as range width) of 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%, the quantile regression model with the highest correct prediction rate and good symmetry of the point estimate value from the upper and lower limits of the set prediction range was screened in each decile group, and the adjacent decile groups with the same screened quantile regression models were merged.

[0632] 1. Predict HbA1c (%) using fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mmol / L):

[0633] A quantile regression model for predicting HbA1c (%) using FPG (mmol / L) was established based on the data of the model establishment population:

[0634] (1) Point estimate:

[0635] 2.99 <FPG≤5.37mmol / L:

[0636] y*=β1x*+β0=0.41750×FPG+3.53997

[0637] 5.37 <FPG≤6.66mmol / L:

[0638] y*=β1x*+β0=0.44010×FPG+3.56308

[0639] 6.66 <FPG≤7.82mmol / L:

[0640] y*=β1x*+β0=0.45225×FPG+3.65442

[0641] 7.82 <FPG≤12.90mmol / L:

[0642] y*=β1x*+β0=0.45933×FPG+3.67723

[0643] 12.90 <FPG≤24.50mmol / L:

[0644] y*=β1x*+β0=0.42062×FPG+3.55807

[0645] Enter the FPG of the predicted individual (x*(mmol / L)), determine the FPG range, and use the corresponding model to calculate the HbA1c point estimate (y*(%)).

[0646] (2) The upper and lower limits of the predicted HbA1c (%) range widths of 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% are calculated and the probability of measuring HbA1c within this range (correct estimation probability), where y* is obtained from 1(1):

[0647] 2.99 <FPG≤5.37mmol / L:

[0648] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 69.88%;

[0649] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.82, probability of correct estimation 77.11%;

[0650] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+1.07, correct estimation probability 81.93%;

[0651] 5.37 <FPG≤6.66mmol / L:

[0652] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.69, upper limit = y*+0.31, probability of correct estimation 53.94%;

[0653] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.79, upper limit = y*+0.71, correct estimation probability 70.30%;

[0654] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.79, upper limit = y*+1.21, correct estimation probability 81.82%;

[0655] 6.66 <FPG≤7.82mmol / L:

[0656] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.50, upper limit = y*+0.50, probability of correct estimation 57.32%;

[0657] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.88, upper limit = y*+0.62, correct estimation probability 67.68%;

[0658] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.90, upper limit = y*+1.10, probability of correct estimation 76.83%;

[0659] 7.82 <FPG≤12.90mmol / L:

[0660] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, correct estimation probability 41.34%;

[0661] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.89, correct estimation probability 54.71%;

[0662] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.98, upper limit = y*+1.02, correct estimation probability 66.87%;

[0663] 12.90 <FPG≤24.50mmol / L:

[0664] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.36, upper limit = y*+0.64, correct estimation probability 29.27%;

[0665] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.53, upper limit = y*+0.97, correct estimation probability 40.24%;

[0666] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, correct estimation probability 48.78%.

[0667] Examples of specific patients measured using the above model are as follows:

[0668] A. The patient's fasting plasma blood glucose was measured to be 8.19 mmol / L. Based on the above calculation, the HbA1c point estimate and the range width of 1.0% were 7.44% (6.86-7.86%). This patient has not yet reached the required level of 7.0% or less in clinical treatment and needs to have his treatment adjusted.

[0669] B. An elderly patient has multiple complications. The clinical individualized HbA1c target value is less than 8.0%. The fasting plasma blood glucose is 9.34mmol / L. The actual HbA1c is 7.8%. The patient believes that the fasting blood glucose is too high and the HbA1c value is too low. He visits the doctor and asks for adjustment of hypoglycemic drugs. According to the above calculation, the HbA1c point estimate and the range of 1.0% width are 7.97% (7.39-8.39%). The measured HbA1c is still within this range. Explain to the patient that there is no need to add or increase the dosage of drugs that have the effect of lowering fasting blood glucose.

[0670] C. The patient complained of fasting plasma glucose of 5.97mmol / L, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose of 6.85mol / L, and HbA1c of 4.0% (instrument brand and model TOSOH G8 HbA1c). According to the above calculations, the HbA1c point estimate and the range of 1.0% width are 6.19% (5.50-6.50%). The clinical question is: Is hypoglycemia suspected? Is HbA1c needed to adjust hypoglycemic drugs? It was finally discovered that the patient had a hemoglobin variant, which affected the measurement results on the TOSOH G8 HbA1c instrument. Using other detection methods that are not affected by hemoglobin variants, the patient's HbA1c was measured to be 5.8%, which is consistent with the fasting plasma glucose level. The current hypoglycemic treatment is continued. According to the guidelines, patients with hemoglobin variants are recommended to replace HbA1c testing with blood glucose monitoring.

[0671] D. The patient's fasting plasma blood glucose was 7.13 mmol / L and HbA1c was 8.0%. Based on the above calculations, the HbA1c point estimate and the range with a width of 1.0% were 6.88% (6.38-7.38%). HbA1c was underestimated. It is recommended to monitor various blood glucose parameters such as fasting and 2-hour postprandial capillary blood glucose to guide the adjustment of hypoglycemic drug regimens.

[0672] E. Comparison with previously published linear regression prediction models: A patient's fasting plasma glucose was 7.08 mmol / L, and the actual HbA1c was 7.1%. According to the previously published model, HbA1c = 3.12 + 0.49 × FPG (Diabetes Care 1999; 22 (6): 904-907.), the predicted HbA1c was 6.6%, which was difficult to interpret clinically. In this prediction system, the predicted HbA1c was 6.86% (6.36-7.36%). The patient's actual HbA1c was within this range, which can be reasonably interpreted clinically.

[0673] 2. Plasma glucose 2 hours after a meal (PPG2h) predicts HbA1c:

[0674] Calculation parameter list:

[0675] A quantile regression model for predicting HbA1c (%) by PPG2h (mmol / L) was established based on the data of the model establishment population:

[0676] (1) Point estimate:

[0677] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[0678] y*=β1x*+β0=0.22762×PPG2h+4.13680

[0679] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[0680] y*=β1x*+β0=0.25794×PPG2h+4.10227

[0681] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[0682] y*=β1x*+β0=0.27500×PPG2h+4.26850

[0683] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[0684] y*=β1x*+β0=0.27660×PPG2h+4.19787

[0685] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[0686] y*=β1x*+β0=0.22762×PPG2h+4.13680

[0687] Enter the PPG2h (x*(mmol / L)) of the individual being predicted, determine the PPG2h range, and use the corresponding model to calculate the HbA1c point estimate (y*(%)).

[0688] (2) The upper and lower limits of the predicted HbA1c (%) range widths of 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% are calculated and the probability of measuring HbA1c within this range (correct estimation probability), where y* is obtained from 2(1):

[0689] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[0690] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.33, upper limit = y*+0.67, correct estimation probability 63.10%;

[0691] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.92, probability of correct estimation 77.38%;

[0692] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+1.24, correct estimation probability 86.31%;

[0693] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[0694] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.50, upper limit = y*+0.50, probability of correct estimation 51.25%;

[0695] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.52, upper limit = y*+0.98, correct estimation probability 66.25%;

[0696] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+1.16, correct estimation probability 82.50%;

[0697] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[0698] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.39, upper limit = y*+0.61, correct estimation probability 48.78%;

[0699] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.89, upper limit = y*+0.61, correct estimation probability 62.20%;

[0700] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.24, upper limit = y*+0.76, probability of correct estimation 73.17%;

[0701] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[0702] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.49, upper limit = y*+0.51, correct estimation probability 29.88%;

[0703] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.18, upper limit = y*+0.32, correct estimation probability 41.16%;

[0704] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.48, upper limit = y*+0.52, probability of correct estimation 54.27%;

[0705] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[0706] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.56, upper limit = y*+0.44, correct estimation probability 33.73%;

[0707] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.60, upper limit = y*+0.90, correct estimation probability 42.17%;

[0708] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.56, upper limit = y*+1.44, correct estimation probability 49.40%.

[0709] Examples of specific patients measured using the above model are as follows:

[0710] It is rare to measure plasma blood glucose alone 2 hours after a meal in clinical practice, and it is often used together with other blood glucose parameters.

[0711] In Example 1, Case D, the patient's fasting plasma blood glucose was 7.13 mmol / L and HbA1c was 8.0% at the same time. The prediction of HbA1c by fasting plasma blood glucose was underestimated, and it was necessary to combine other blood glucose parameters to evaluate whether the patient's measured HbA1c was consistent with the actual blood glucose level; the patient's plasma blood glucose was measured 2 hours after the meal on the same day, which was 12.78 mmol / L. The HbA1c point estimate and the prediction range with a width of 1.0% were 7.73% (7.24-8.24%), indicating that the patient had a state of postprandial hyperglycemia and needed to adjust the drug treatment plan.

[0712] 3. Predict HbA1c using mean fasting capillary glucose (mean FCG):

[0713] Calculation parameter list:

[0714] A quantile regression model for predicting HbA1c using meanFCG was established from the data of the model establishment population:

[0715] (1) Point estimate:

[0716] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0717] y*=β1x*+β0=0.57473×meanFCG+2.69896

[0718] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0719] y*=β1x*+β0=0.60706×meanFCG+2.65881

[0720] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0721] y*=β1x*+β0=0.59259×meanFCG+2.64642

[0722] Enter the meanFCG (x*(mmol / L)) of the predicted individual, determine the meanFCG range, and use the corresponding model to calculate the HbA1c point estimate (y*(%)).

[0723] (2) Predict the upper and lower limits of the HbA1c (%) range width of 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% and calculate and measure the probability of HbA1c within this range (correct estimate of the probability), where y* is obtained from 3(1):

[0724] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0725] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.50, upper limit = y*+0.50, correct estimation probability 71.69%;

[0726] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+0.85, correct estimation probability 82.53%;

[0727] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+1.28, correct estimation probability 90.36%;

[0728] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0729] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, correct estimation probability 46.04%;

[0730] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.78, correct estimation probability 61.66%;

[0731] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+1.04, probability of correct estimation 72.62%;

[0732] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0733] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.53, upper limit = y*+0.47, correct estimation probability 34.15%;

[0734] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 46.34%;

[0735] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.43, upper limit = y*+0.57, correct estimation probability 55.49%.

[0736] Examples of specific patients measured using the above model are as follows:

[0737] In Example D of the above "1. Predicting HbA1c (%) with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mmol / L)", the patient's fasting plasma glucose was 7.13 mmol / L and HbA1c was 8.0% at the same time, while the HbA1c point estimate and the range of 1.0% were 6.88% (6.38-7.38%), indicating that the prediction of HbA1c with fasting plasma glucose is underestimated, and it is necessary to combine other blood glucose parameters to evaluate whether the patient's measured HbA1c is consistent with the actual blood glucose level; the patient recently measured three fasting capillary blood glucose values, and the calculated mean was 8.07 mmol / L, and the HbA1c point estimate and the range of 1.0% were 7.56% (6.98-7.98%), indicating that the patient's fasting blood glucose did not meet the standard and treatment adjustment was needed.

[0738] 4. Mean PCG 2 hours after meal predicts HbA1c:

[0739] Calculation parameter list:

[0740] A quantile regression model for predicting HbA1c (%) using meanPCG (mmol / L) was established based on the data of the model establishment population:

[0741] (1) Point estimate:

[0742] 5.03 <meanPCG≤8.24mmol / L:

[0743] y*=β1x*+β0=0.36948×meanPCG+3.18069

[0744] 8.24 <meanPCG≤12.86mmol / L:

[0745] y*=β1x*+β0=0.38881×meanPCG+3.16476

[0746] 12.86 <meanPCG≤16.33mmol / L:

[0747] y*=β1x*+β0=0.37158×meanPCG+3.24796

[0748] 16.33 <meanPCG≤28.90mmol / L:

[0749] y*=β1x*+β0=0.42633×meanPCG+3.00251

[0750] Enter the meanPCG (x*(mmol / L)) of the predicted individual, determine the meanPCG range, and use the corresponding model to calculate the HbA1c point estimate (y*(%)).

[0751] (2) Predict the upper and lower limits of the HbA1c range width (%) of 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% and calculate and measure the probability of HbA1c within this range (correct estimate of the probability), where y* is obtained from 4(1):

[0752] 5.03 <meanPCG≤8.24mmol / L:

[0753] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.50, upper limit = y*+0.50, correct estimation probability 66.67%;

[0754] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.70, upper limit = y*+0.80, correct estimation probability 80.00%;

[0755] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+1.35, correct estimation probability 88.48%;

[0756] 8.24 <meanPCG≤12.86mmol / L:

[0757] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.53, upper limit = y*+0.47, correct estimation probability 44.31%;

[0758] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.66, upper limit = y*+0.84, correct estimation probability 61.50%;

[0759] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, probability of correct estimation 72.40%;

[0760] 12.86 <meanPCG≤16.33mmol / L:

[0761] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.69, upper limit = y*+0.31, correct estimation probability 33.33%;

[0762] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.69, upper limit = y*+0.81, correct estimation probability 50.62%;

[0763] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.94, upper limit = y*+1.06, correct estimation probability 63.58%;

[0764] 16.33 <meanPCG≤28.90mmol / L:

[0765] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.26, upper limit = y*+0.74, correct estimation probability 30.12%;

[0766] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 37.35%;

[0767] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.37, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 48.19%.

[0768] Examples of specific patients measured using the above model are as follows:

[0769] In the above example D of "1. Predicting HbA1c (%) with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mmol / L)", the patient's fasting plasma glucose was 7.13mmol / L and HbA1c was 8.0% at the same time, while the point estimate of HbA1c and the range with a width of 1.0% were 6.88% (6.38-7.38%), indicating that the prediction of HbA1c with fasting plasma glucose is underestimated, and it is necessary to combine other blood glucose parameters to evaluate whether the patient's measured HbA1c is consistent with the actual blood glucose level; the patient recently measured several capillary blood glucose values ​​2 hours after meals, and the calculated mean was 12.65mmol / L, and the point estimate of HbA1c and the range with a width of 1.0% were 8.08% (7.55-8.55%), indicating that the patient's blood glucose 2 hours after meals did not meet the standard and treatment adjustment was required.

[0770] 5. Using Glycated Albumin (GA) to Predict HbA1c:

[0771] A quantile regression model for GA (%) predicting HbA1c (%) was established based on the data of the model establishment population:

[0772] (1) Point estimate:

[0773] 11.91 <GA≤16.84%:

[0774] y*=β1x*+β0=0.25959×GA+2.21196

[0775] 16.84 <GA≤20.95%:

[0776] y*=β1x*+β0=0.27023×GA+2.21192

[0777] 20.95 <GA≤25.26%:

[0778] y*=β1x*+β0=0.26565×GA+2.22182

[0779] 25.26 <GA≤65.13%:

[0780] y*=β1x*+β0=0.25959×GA+2.21196

[0781] Enter the GA (x*(%)) of the predicted individual, determine the GA range, and use the corresponding model to calculate the HbA1c point estimate (y*(%)).

[0782] (2) Predict the upper and lower limits of the HbA1c (%) range width of 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% and calculate and measure the probability of HbA1c within this range (correct estimate of the probability), where y* is obtained from 5(1):

[0783] 11.91 <GA≤16.84%:

[0784] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.52, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 56.28%;

[0785] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.69, upper limit = y*+0.81, correct estimation probability 77.33%;

[0786] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+1.08, correct estimation probability 90.69%;

[0787] 16.84 <GA≤20.95%:

[0788] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.53, upper limit = y*+0.47, probability of correct estimation 51.82%;

[0789] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+0.85, correct estimation probability 68.42%;

[0790] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, correct estimation probability 80.16%;

[0791] 20.95 <GA≤25.26%:

[0792] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.81, upper limit = y*+0.19, correct estimation probability 40.85%;

[0793] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+0.85, correct estimation probability 57.93%;

[0794] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 71.95%;

[0795] 25.26 <GA≤65.13%:

[0796] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.40, upper limit = y*+0.60, correct estimation probability 34.55%;

[0797] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 47.27%;

[0798] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.06, upper limit = y*+0.94, correct estimation probability 61.21%.

[0799] Examples of specific patients measured using the above model are as follows:

[0800] In the above example D of "1. Predicting HbA1c (%) with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mmol / L)", the patient's fasting plasma glucose was 7.13mmol / L and HbA1c was 8.0% at the same time, while the HbA1c point estimate and the range of 1.0% width were 6.88% (6.38-7.38%), indicating that the prediction of HbA1c with fasting plasma glucose was underestimated, and it was necessary to combine other blood glucose parameters to evaluate whether the patient's measured HbA1c was consistent with the actual blood glucose level; although the HbA1c predicted by the patient's 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose, fasting and 2-hour postprandial capillary blood glucose was relatively consistent with the measured HbA1c, the measured GA was 18.9%, and the predicted HbA1c was 7.32% (6.79-7.79%), which also underestimated the measured HbA1c. This case also shows that the evaluation of whether the HbA1c measurement can reflect the blood glucose level requires a comprehensive evaluation of other blood glucose parameters.

[0801] 3. Predict HbA1c by combining 2-5 blood sugar indicators

[0802] When the blood glucose index detected by the patient is greater than 1, the ridge regression analysis method was used to establish the model of HbA1c predicted under each blood glucose index combination among the 819 people who established the model. Among the 823 people who verified the model, the HbA1c point estimate of the established model was used, according to the set predicted HbA1c (%) range width of 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%, and according to the grouping of the single blood glucose index HbA1c point estimate (see 2. Establishing a single blood glucose index to predict HbA1c model) to calculate the blood glucose index with the highest correct prediction rate and the upper and lower limits of the prediction range in the corresponding group. After screening, the blood glucose indexes calculated by grouping were used in the following order: meanFCG, PPG2h, GA, meanPCG.

[0803] Prediction models under each combination:

[0804] (1)FPG, PPG2h, meanFCG, meanPCG, GA

[0805] y*=0.02979×FPG+0.02896×PPG2h+0.16356×meanFCG+0.06158×meanPCG +0.15019×GA+1.98343

[0806] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0807] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+0.35, correct estimation probability 69.28%;

[0808] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.74, correct estimation probability 84.94%;

[0809] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, probability of correct estimation 91.57%;

[0810] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0811] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.59, upper limit = y*+0.41, probability of correct estimation 58.01%;

[0812] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.86, upper limit = y*+0.64, correct estimation probability 74.85%;

[0813] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.08, upper limit = y*+0.92, correct estimation probability 84.58%;

[0814] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0815] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.52, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 40.85%;

[0816] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.73, upper limit = y*+0.77, correct estimation probability 56.71%;

[0817] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.23, upper limit = y*+0.77, correct estimation probability 68.90%;

[0818] (2)FPG,PPG2h,meanFCG,meanPCG

[0819] y*=0.09885×FPG+0.06516×PPG2h+0.21217×meanFCG+0.11607×meanPCG +3.01847

[0820] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0821] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.73, upper limit = y*+0.27, correct estimation probability 72.29%;

[0822] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.45, correct estimation probability 86.75%;

[0823] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.95, correct estimation probability 92.77%;

[0824] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0825] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.25, correct estimation probability 51.52%;

[0826] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.47, correct estimation probability 67.95%;

[0827] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.23, upper limit = y*+0.77, correct estimation probability 79.92%;

[0828] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0829] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, correct estimation probability 35.37%;

[0830] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.45, correct estimation probability 50.00%;

[0831] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, correct estimation probability 62.80%;

[0832] (3)FPG,PPG2h,meanFCG,GA

[0833] y*=0.02295×FPG+0.04521×PPG2h+0.21126×meanFCG+0.15705×GA+ 2.01184

[0834] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0835] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.28, correct estimation probability 69.28%;

[0836] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.78, upper limit = y*+0.72, correct estimation probability 81.93%;

[0837] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 90.36%;

[0838] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0839] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, probability of correct estimation 58.22%;

[0840] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+0.59, probability of correct estimation 75.25%;

[0841] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, correct estimation probability 85.40%;

[0842] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0843] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 41.46%;

[0844] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+0.54, correct estimation probability 56.10%;

[0845] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, correct estimation probability 68.29%;

[0846] (4)FPG,PPG2h,meanPCG,GA

[0847] y*=0.08110×FPG+0.02169×PPG2h+0.12070×meanPCG+0.16022×GA+ 2.09849

[0848] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[0849] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.64, upper limit = y*+0.36, correct estimation probability 67.86%;

[0850] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.39, correct estimation probability 85.12%;

[0851] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, probability of correct estimation 94.05%;

[0852] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[0853] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.6, upper limit = y*+0.4, probability of correct estimation 57.50%;

[0854] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.86, upper limit = y*+0.64, correct estimation probability 80.00%;

[0855] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, probability of correct estimation 90.00%;

[0856] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[0857] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, probability of correct estimation 58.54%;

[0858] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.79, upper limit = y*+0.71, correct estimation probability 75.61%;

[0859] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.98, correct estimation probability 85.98%;

[0860] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[0861] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, correct estimation probability 52.74%;

[0862] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.67, upper limit = y*+0.83, correct estimation probability 67.99%;

[0863] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+1.09, probability of correct estimation 77.44%;

[0864] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[0865] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.32, upper limit = y*+0.68, correct estimation probability 39.76%;

[0866] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.25, upper limit = y*+1.25, correct estimation probability 59.04%;

[0867] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.89, upper limit = y*+1.11, probability of correct estimation 72.29%;

[0868] (5)FPG,meanFCG,meanPCG,GA

[0869] y*=0.04381×FPG+0.15819×meanFCG+0.08186×meanPCG+0.15442×GA+1.95619

[0870] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0871] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.67, upper limit = y*+0.33, correct estimation probability 68.07%;

[0872] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.85, upper limit = y*+0.65, correct estimation probability 84.94%;

[0873] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 92.17%;

[0874] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0875] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.64, upper limit = y*+0.36, probability of correct estimation 56.39%;

[0876] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.74, upper limit = y*+0.76, correct estimation probability 73.63%;

[0877] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.98, upper limit = y*+1.02, correct estimation probability 83.57%;

[0878] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0879] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 40.85%;

[0880] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 54.88%;

[0881] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+1.24, correct estimation probability 67.68%;

[0882] (6)PPG2h,meanFCG,meanPCG,GA

[0883] y*=0.03419×PPG2h+0.18259×meanFCG+0.05939×meanPCG+0.15326×GA+1.97405

[0884] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0885] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.69, upper limit = y*+0.31, correct estimation probability 69.28%;

[0886] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 84.34%;

[0887] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 91.57%;

[0888] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0889] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.39, probability of correct estimation 57.61%;

[0890] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.7, probability of correct estimation 74.65%;

[0891] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, correct estimation probability 84.99%;

[0892] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0893] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.28, correct estimation probability 42.07%;

[0894] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.74, correct estimation probability 57.32%;

[0895] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.2, upper limit = y*+0.8, correct estimation probability 68.29%;

[0896] (7)FPG,PPG2h,meanFCG

[0897] y*=0.09178×FPG+0.10019×PPG2h+0.32012×meanFCG+3.08517

[0898] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0899] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.17, probability of correct estimation 71.69%;

[0900] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 84.94%;

[0901] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.13, upper limit = y*+0.87, correct estimation probability 89.16%;

[0902] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0903] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.28, correct estimation probability 51.52%;

[0904] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.1, upper limit = y*+0.4, correct estimation probability 68.15%;

[0905] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, correct estimation probability 80.12%;

[0906] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0907] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.78, upper limit = y*+0.22, correct estimation probability 34.76%;

[0908] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.34, correct estimation probability 47.56%;

[0909] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.84, correct estimation probability 59.76%;

[0910] (8)FPG,PPG2h,meanPCG

[0911] y*=0.17305×FPG+0.06016×PPG2h+0.20460×meanPCG+3.17850

[0912] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[0913] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.7, upper limit = y*+0.3, probability of correct estimation 70.24%;

[0914] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.49, correct estimation probability 85.12%;

[0915] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, probability of correct estimation 90.48%;

[0916] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[0917] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.52, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 67.50%;

[0918] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.08, upper limit = y*+0.42, correct estimation probability 82.50%;

[0919] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.84, probability of correct estimation 91.25%;

[0920] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[0921] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.53, upper limit = y*+0.47, probability of correct estimation 54.27%;

[0922] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.36, correct estimation probability 71.34%;

[0923] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, probability of correct estimation 85.37%;

[0924] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[0925] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, correct estimation probability 44.21%;

[0926] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.7, correct estimation probability 56.10%;

[0927] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+1.08, correct estimation probability 68.29%;

[0928] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[0929] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 39.76%;

[0930] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.62, upper limit = y*+0.88, correct estimation probability 54.22%;

[0931] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+1.03, correct estimation probability 68.67%;

[0932] (9)FPG,PPG2h,GA

[0933] y*=0.10888×FPG+0.06253×PPG2h+0.17991×GA+2.33256

[0934] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[0935] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.13, correct estimation probability 70.24%;

[0936] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.85, upper limit = y*+0.65, correct estimation probability 84.52%;

[0937] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.12, upper limit = y*+0.88, probability of correct estimation 93.45%;

[0938] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[0939] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.56, upper limit = y*+0.44, correct estimation probability 60.00%;

[0940] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+0.54, correct estimation probability 75.00%;

[0941] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+1.04, correct estimation probability 86.25%;

[0942] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[0943] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.5, upper limit = y*+0.5, correct estimation probability 56.10%;

[0944] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 76.22%;

[0945] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+1.09, correct estimation probability 85.37%;

[0946] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[0947] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.62, upper limit = y*+0.38, probability of correct estimation 51.52%;

[0948] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.67, correct estimation probability 68.60%;

[0949] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+1.03, probability of correct estimation 77.44%;

[0950] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[0951] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.38, upper limit = y*+0.62, correct estimation probability 43.37%;

[0952] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, probability of correct estimation 57.83%;

[0953] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, correct estimation probability 73.49%;

[0954] (10)FPG,meanFCG,meanPCG

[0955] y*=0.13171×FPG+0.21800×meanFCG+0.16150×meanPCG+2.99804

[0956] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0957] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.77, upper limit = y*+0.23, correct estimation probability 74.10%;

[0958] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 87.35%;

[0959] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.07, upper limit = y*+0.93, correct estimation probability 93.98%;

[0960] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0961] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.39, correct estimation probability 49.70%;

[0962] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.47, correct estimation probability 65.11%;

[0963] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.22, upper limit = y*+0.78, probability of correct estimation 76.88%;

[0964] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0965] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.48, upper limit = y*+0.52, correct estimation probability 35.98%;

[0966] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+0.85, correct estimation probability 48.78%;

[0967] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, correct estimation probability 61.59%;

[0968] (11)FPG,meanFCG,GA

[0969] y*=0.04658×FPG+0.23063×meanFCG+0.16898×GA+1.98222

[0970] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[0971] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.71, upper limit = y*+0.29, correct estimation probability 67.47%;

[0972] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+0.53, correct estimation probability 81.33%;

[0973] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.98, probability of correct estimation 90.96%;

[0974] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[0975] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.43, upper limit = y*+0.57, probability of correct estimation 55.38%;

[0976] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.86, upper limit = y*+0.64, probability of correct estimation 73.02%;

[0977] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, correct estimation probability 83.57%;

[0978] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[0979] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.44, upper limit = y*+0.56, correct estimation probability 39.63%;

[0980] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.94, upper limit = y*+0.56, correct estimation probability 54.88%;

[0981] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+1.09, correct estimation probability 64.63%;

[0982] (12)FPG,meanPCG,GA

[0983] y*=0.09210×FPG+0.13487×meanPCG+0.16115×GA+2.09892

[0984] 11.91 <GA≤16.84%:

[0985] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.64, upper limit = y*+0.36, correct estimation probability 66.80%;

[0986] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.77, upper limit = y*+0.73, correct estimation probability 83.40%;

[0987] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 95.55%;

[0988] 16.84 <GA≤20.95%:

[0989] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 59.51%;

[0990] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+0.66, probability of correct estimation 76.52%;

[0991] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+1.16, correct estimation probability 85.02%;

[0992] 20.95 <GA≤25.26%:

[0993] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.48, upper limit = y*+0.52, correct estimation probability 48.78%;

[0994] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.82, correct estimation probability 64.02%;

[0995] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.97, probability of correct estimation 76.22%;

[0996] 25.26 <GA≤65.13%:

[0997] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+0.08, correct estimation probability 37.58%;

[0998] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.04, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 52.12%;

[0999] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+1.24, correct estimation probability 64.24%;

[1000] (13)PPG2h,meanFCG,meanPCG

[1001] y*=0.08452×PPG2h+0.28468×meanFCG+0.11726×meanPCG+2.99782

[1002] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[1003] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, probability of correct estimation 72.29%;

[1004] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 86.75%;

[1005] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.98, probability of correct estimation 91.57%;

[1006] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[1007] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.25, correct estimation probability 51.93%;

[1008] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+0.53, correct estimation probability 66.73%;

[1009] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.13, upper limit = y*+0.87, probability of correct estimation 78.50%;

[1010] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[1011] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.66, upper limit = y*+0.34, correct estimation probability 32.93%;

[1012] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.47, correct estimation probability 48.78%;

[1013] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.97, correct estimation probability 61.59%;

[1014] (14)PPG2h,meanFCG,GA

[1015] y*=0.04860×PPG2h+0.22505×meanFCG+0.15953×GA+1.99793

[1016] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[1017] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, correct estimation probability 68.67%;

[1018] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.82, upper limit = y*+0.68, correct estimation probability 81.93%;

[1019] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.98, probability of correct estimation 90.36%;

[1020] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[1021] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, correct estimation probability 57.00%;

[1022] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 75.25%;

[1023] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, correct estimation probability 85.19%;

[1024] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[1025] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.49, upper limit = y*+0.51, correct estimation probability 40.85%;

[1026] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+0.5, correct estimation probability 56.71%;

[1027] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.84, correct estimation probability 68.29%;

[1028] (15)PPG2h,meanPCG,GA

[1029] y*=0.03725×PPG2h+0.13752×meanPCG+0.17321×GA+2.12427

[1030] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[1031] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.79, upper limit = y*+0.21, correct estimation probability 66.07%;

[1032] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.57, correct estimation probability 83.33%;

[1033] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, probability of correct estimation 92.26%;

[1034] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[1035] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.46, upper limit = y*+0.54, correct estimation probability 55.00%;

[1036] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+0.59, probability of correct estimation 78.75%;

[1037] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, correct estimation probability 87.50%;

[1038] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[1039] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.39, probability of correct estimation 58.54%;

[1040] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+0.58, correct estimation probability 74.39%;

[1041] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+1.04, correct estimation probability 86.59%;

[1042] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[1043] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.7, upper limit = y*+0.3, correct estimation probability 51.52%;

[1044] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.74, upper limit = y*+0.76, correct estimation probability 67.07%;

[1045] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+1.04, probability of correct estimation 76.52%;

[1046] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[1047] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.5, upper limit = y*+0.5, correct estimation probability 37.35%;

[1048] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.41, upper limit = y*+1.09, probability of correct estimation 53.01%;

[1049] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+1.25, correct estimation probability 67.47%;

[1050] (16)meanFCG,meanPCG,GA

[1051] y*=0.18681×meanFCG+0.08537×meanPCG+0.15949×GA+1.94643

[1052] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[1053] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.17, correct estimation probability 68.07%;

[1054] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.67, correct estimation probability 84.34%;

[1055] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, probability of correct estimation 92.17%;

[1056] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[1057] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.44, upper limit = y*+0.56, correct estimation probability 55.98%;

[1058] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.73, upper limit = y*+0.77, correct estimation probability 72.82%;

[1059] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 82.76%;

[1060] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[1061] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.6, upper limit = y*+0.4, correct estimation probability 40.85%;

[1062] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.77, upper limit = y*+0.73, correct estimation probability 56.71%;

[1063] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.77, upper limit = y*+1.23, correct estimation probability 69.51%;

[1064] (17)FPG,PPG2h

[1065] y*=0.24784×FPG+0.14416×PPG2h+3.84417

[1066] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[1067] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.2, correct estimation probability 69.05%;

[1068] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.45, correct estimation probability 85.12%;

[1069] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, correct estimation probability 91.67%;

[1070] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[1071] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.78, upper limit = y*+0.22, correct estimation probability 58.75%;

[1072] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 78.75%;

[1073] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, correct estimation probability 86.25%;

[1074] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[1075] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.56, upper limit = y*+0.44, probability of correct estimation 53.05%;

[1076] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+0.51, correct estimation probability 69.51%;

[1077] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, probability of correct estimation 79.88%;

[1078] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[1079] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.13, correct estimation probability 37.80%;

[1080] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.27, upper limit = y*+0.23, correct estimation probability 53.35%;

[1081] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.37, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 62.80%;

[1082] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[1083] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+0.08, correct estimation probability 38.55%;

[1084] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.9, upper limit = y*+0.6, correct estimation probability 53.01%;

[1085] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.22, upper limit = y*+0.78, correct estimation probability 63.86%;

[1086] (18)FPG,meanFCG

[1087] y*=0.16175×FPG+0.38735×meanFCG+3.21836

[1088] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[1089] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+0.01, probability of correct estimation 71.08%;

[1090] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 84.34%;

[1091] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 89.76%;

[1092] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[1093] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.81, upper limit = y*+0.19, correct estimation probability 48.07%;

[1094] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+0.53, correct estimation probability 63.29%;

[1095] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.32, upper limit = y*+0.68, probability of correct estimation 75.66%;

[1096] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[1097] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.55, upper limit = y*+0.45, correct estimation probability 33.54%;

[1098] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.7, upper limit = y*+0.8, correct estimation probability 46.95%;

[1099] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.1, upper limit = y*+0.9, probability of correct estimation 56.10%;

[1100] (19)FPG,meanPCG

[1101] y*=0.20471×FPG+0.24956×meanPCG+3.15785

[1102] 5.03 <meanPCG≤8.24mmol / L:

[1103] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.6, upper limit = y*+0.4, correct estimation probability 70.30%;

[1104] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.49, correct estimation probability 86.67%;

[1105] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 93.33%;

[1106] 8.24 <meanPCG≤12.86mmol / L:

[1107] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.63, upper limit = y*+0.37, correct estimation probability 52.78%;

[1108] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.12, upper limit = y*+0.38, correct estimation probability 66.83%;

[1109] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.19, upper limit = y*+0.81, probability of correct estimation 77.00%;

[1110] 12.86 <meanPCG≤16.33mmol / L:

[1111] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.63, upper limit = y*+0.37, correct estimation probability 38.89%;

[1112] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.25, upper limit = y*+0.25, correct estimation probability 54.94%;

[1113] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.13, upper limit = y*+0.87, correct estimation probability 65.43%;

[1114] 16.33 <meanPCG≤28.90mmol / L:

[1115] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.51, upper limit = y*+0.49, correct estimation probability 32.53%;

[1116] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+0.66, correct estimation probability 45.78%;

[1117] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+1.16, correct estimation probability 56.63%;

[1118] (20)FPG,GA

[1119] y*=0.15520×FPG+0.19954×GA+2.33232

[1120] 11.91 <GA≤16.84%:

[1121] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.66, upper limit = y*+0.34, correct estimation probability 63.97%;

[1122] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.89, upper limit = y*+0.61, correct estimation probability 85.02%;

[1123] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.98, upper limit = y*+1.02, probability of correct estimation 94.33%;

[1124] 16.84 <GA≤20.95%:

[1125] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.5, upper limit = y*+0.5, correct estimation probability 57.89%;

[1126] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+0.5, correct estimation probability 71.26%;

[1127] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.21, upper limit = y*+0.79, correct estimation probability 81.78%;

[1128] 20.95 <GA≤25.26%:

[1129] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.32, upper limit = y*+0.68, correct estimation probability 42.68%;

[1130] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.78, correct estimation probability 64.02%;

[1131] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, correct estimation probability 75.00%;

[1132] 25.26 <GA≤65.13%:

[1133] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.07, correct estimation probability 36.36%;

[1134] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.57, probability of correct estimation 51.52%;

[1135] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, correct estimation probability 65.45%;

[1136] (21)PPG2h,meanFCG

[1137] y*=0.11847×PPG2h+0.38677×meanFCG+3.08044

[1138] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[1139] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.24, correct estimation probability 69.88%;

[1140] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.57, correct estimation probability 83.73%;

[1141] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.25, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 89.16%;

[1142] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[1143] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.07, correct estimation probability 49.29%;

[1144] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+0.5, correct estimation probability 66.13%;

[1145] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.84, probability of correct estimation 78.30%;

[1146] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[1147] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.73, upper limit = y*+0.27, correct estimation probability 34.15%;

[1148] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.06, upper limit = y*+0.44, correct estimation probability 48.78%;

[1149] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 59.15%;

[1150] (22)PPG2h,meanPCG

[1151] y*=0.10402×PPG2h+0.25953×meanPCG+3.45175

[1152] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[1153] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+0.16, correct estimation probability 67.26%;

[1154] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, correct estimation probability 80.36%;

[1155] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.31, upper limit = y*+0.69, correct estimation probability 88.10%;

[1156] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[1157] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.39, correct estimation probability 61.25%;

[1158] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.7, probability of correct estimation 75.00%;

[1159] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.25, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 87.50%;

[1160] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[1161] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.59, upper limit = y*+0.41, correct estimation probability 51.22%;

[1162] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 66.46%;

[1163] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.06, upper limit = y*+0.94, probability of correct estimation 79.27%;

[1164] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[1165] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.81, upper limit = y*+0.19, correct estimation probability 37.20%;

[1166] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+0.59, probability of correct estimation 53.35%;

[1167] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, correct estimation probability 64.63%;

[1168] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[1169] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.55, upper limit = y*+0.45, correct estimation probability 32.53%;

[1170] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.98, upper limit = y*+0.52, correct estimation probability 45.78%;

[1171] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, probability of correct estimation 57.83%;

[1172] (23)PPG2h,GA

[1173] y*=0.09302×PPG2h+0.20178×GA+2.41458

[1174] 4.19 <PPG2h≤8.30mmol / L:

[1175] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.07, correct estimation probability 64.29%;

[1176] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.57, correct estimation probability 82.74%;

[1177] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, probability of correct estimation 92.26%;

[1178] 8.30 <PPG2h≤9.61mmol / L:

[1179] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.35, upper limit = y*+0.65, correct estimation probability 56.25%;

[1180] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.74, correct estimation probability 71.25%;

[1181] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.94, upper limit = y*+1.06, correct estimation probability 86.25%;

[1182] 9.61 <PPG2h≤12.36mmol / L:

[1183] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.67, upper limit = y*+0.33, correct estimation probability 56.10%;

[1184] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 73.78%;

[1185] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.9, upper limit = y*+1.1, correct estimation probability 85.98%;

[1186] 12.36 <PPG2h≤19.66mmol / L:

[1187] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, correct estimation probability 51.52%;

[1188] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.85, upper limit = y*+0.65, correct estimation probability 65.85%;

[1189] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.24, upper limit = y*+0.76, correct estimation probability 76.52%;

[1190] 19.66 <PPG2h≤33.60mmol / L:

[1191] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 39.76%;

[1192] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.04, upper limit = y*+0.46, correct estimation probability 55.42%;

[1193] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, probability of correct estimation 71.08%;

[1194] (24)meanFCG,meanPCG

[1195] y*=0.31984×meanFCG+0.18709×meanPCG+2.97921

[1196] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[1197] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.82, upper limit = y*+0.18, probability of correct estimation 73.49%;

[1198] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.82, upper limit = y*+0.68, correct estimation probability 86.14%;

[1199] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, probability of correct estimation 92.77%;

[1200] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[1201] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.28, correct estimation probability 46.45%;

[1202] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.78, upper limit = y*+0.72, correct estimation probability 63.49%;

[1203] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.27, upper limit = y*+0.73, probability of correct estimation 75.66%;

[1204] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[1205] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.37, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 34.76%;

[1206] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.67, correct estimation probability 47.56%;

[1207] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.85, upper limit = y*+1.15, correct estimation probability 59.15%;

[1208] (25) meanFCG, GA

[1209] y*=0.26487×meanFCG+0.17457×GA+1.97928

[1210] 3.83 <meanFCG≤6.10mmol / L:

[1211] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.2, correct estimation probability 66.87%;

[1212] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.74, correct estimation probability 80.12%;

[1213] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.95, probability of correct estimation 90.36%;

[1214] 6.10 <meanFCG≤9.90mmol / L:

[1215] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.49, upper limit = y*+0.51, probability of correct estimation 53.96%;

[1216] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.79, upper limit = y*+0.71, correct estimation probability 73.02%;

[1217] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, probability of correct estimation 82.76%;

[1218] 9.90 <meanFCG≤18.99mmol / L:

[1219] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.17, correct estimation probability 40.85%;

[1220] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.67, correct estimation probability 54.88%;

[1221] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.19, upper limit = y*+0.81, correct estimation probability 65.85%;

[1222] (26)meanPCG,GA

[1223] y*=0.16821×meanPCG+0.17968×GA+2.11076

[1224] 11.91 <GA≤16.84%:

[1225] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.57, upper limit = y*+0.43, correct estimation probability 65.18%;

[1226] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.78, correct estimation probability 80.57%;

[1227] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, probability of correct estimation 92.71%;

[1228] 16.84 <GA≤20.95%:

[1229] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.52, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 58.70%;

[1230] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.86, upper limit = y*+0.64, correct estimation probability 75.30%;

[1231] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.95, upper limit = y*+1.05, correct estimation probability 83.40%;

[1232] 20.95 <GA≤25.26%:

[1233] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.43, upper limit = y*+0.57, correct estimation probability 46.95%;

[1234] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.71, upper limit = y*+0.79, correct estimation probability 65.24%;

[1235] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.95, upper limit = y*+1.05, correct estimation probability 75.00%;

[1236] 25.26 <GA≤65.13%:

[1237] Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.66, upper limit = y*+0.34, correct estimation probability 35.15%;

[1238] Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.06, upper limit = y*+0.44, correct estimation probability 48.48%;

[1239] Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.89, upper limit = y*+1.11, correct estimation probability 63.03%.

[1240] For example, the FPG, PPG2h, meanFCG, meanPCG and GA of a patient were 7.27mmol / L, 8.58mmol / L, 5.97mmol / L, 10.57mmol / L and 15.975% respectively. The estimated HbA1c point value predicted by this system was 6.48% (5.83%-6.83%), and the actual HbA1c of the patient was 7.3%. The actual measured value was higher than the predicted value, suggesting that doctors should be cautious in hypoglycemic treatment to prevent patients from hypoglycemia; at the same time, patients are advised to monitor fasting and 2 hours after meals blood sugar to dynamically predict HbA1c.

[1241] IV. Description of clinical situations in which this system is applicable:

[1242] 1. For patients with type 2 diabetes who have recently adjusted their glucose-lowering treatment regimen, the HbA1c level will be predicted 3 months later based on 1 to 5 of the patient's blood glucose parameters. If the target cannot be achieved on an individual basis, the regimen needs to be adjusted again.

[1243] 2. For patients with type 2 diabetes who have been on stable blood sugar-lowering treatment for more than 3 months and have not yet had blood drawn in the hospital for examination, they can bring their own blood sugar monitoring data to the doctor. The system helps doctors determine whether it is necessary to adjust the blood sugar-lowering treatment plan.

[1244] 3. If the patient also tests HbA1c, the system can help doctors clinically interpret the patient's "abnormal" blood sugar parameters. When the actual HbA1c value deviates from the maximum predicted range and is difficult to explain clinically, further examination is recommended, including (1) dynamic blood sugar monitoring to understand the patient's blood sugar fluctuations, find undetected hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, and adjust the corresponding treatment plan. (2) Find out whether there are hemoglobin variants that interfere with HbA1c determination.

[1245] 4. In actual clinical application, clinicians should select the corresponding prediction range according to the patient's blood sugar volatility. For patients with a short course of diabetes and who do not use insulin secretagogues or insulin and other drugs that can cause hypoglycemia, blood sugar volatility is expected to be small, and a narrower prediction range can be used. For patients at risk of hypoglycemia and with large blood sugar fluctuations, it is recommended to use a wider prediction range.

[1246] 5. This prediction system is also applicable to situations where patients are known to have interference with HbA1c determination and need to use HbA1c to evaluate blood sugar control, such as anemia, renal insufficiency, and the presence of hemoglobin variants. It is also applicable to primary hospitals where HbA1c determination has not yet been standardized to evaluate blood sugar in diabetic patients.

Claims

1. A data processing device for individualized prediction and calibration of glycosylated hemoglobin values ​​and assisting in determining the risk of elevated blood sugar, comprising the following modules: (A) Data receiving module; the data receiving module is configured to receive the following parameters: (a1) measuring a single fasting plasma blood glucose of the subject, recorded as FPG; (a2) measuring a single 2-hour postprandial plasma blood glucose of the subject, recorded as PPG2h; (a3) ​​measuring multiple fasting capillary blood glucose of the subject, calculating the arithmetic mean, recorded as mean FCG; (a4) Measure the subject's multiple 2-hour postprandial capillary blood glucose levels, calculate the arithmetic mean, and record it as mean PCG; (a5) Measure the subject's single glycated albumin, and record it as GA; (B) a data operation module; the data operation module is configured to receive data from the data receiving module; The data calculation module includes a parameter calculation module 1 and a parameter calculation module 2; the data calculation module 1 is configured to calculate the HbA1c point estimate values ​​of different FPG value ranges according to the values ​​of the FPG, the PPG2h, the mean FCG, the mean PCG or the GA according to the following formulas (1) to (5); calculate the HbA1c point estimate values ​​of different PPG2h value ranges according to the following formulas (6) to (10); calculate the HbA1c point estimate values ​​of different meanFCG value ranges according to the following formulas (11) to (13); calculate the HbA1c point estimate values ​​of different mean PCG value ranges according to the following formulas (14) to (17); calculate the HbA1c point estimate values ​​of different GA value ranges according to the following formulas (18) to (21); set the HbA1c prediction range width and the HbA1c point estimate value according to clinical needs, and calculate the lower limit and upper limit of the HbA1c prediction range of the subject; When the data operation module 1 is configured to be at least two parameters of the numerical values ​​of the FPG, the PPG2h, the mean FCG, the mean PCG and the GA, after each parameter is operated by the parameter operation module 1, the parameter operation module 2 is configured to be at least two parameters of the numerical values ​​of the FPG, the PPG2h, the mean FCG, the mean PCG and the GA according to the following formulas (22) to (47) to obtain an estimated HbA1c point value; the HbA1c prediction range width and the HbA1c point estimate are set according to clinical needs, and the lower limit and upper limit of the HbA1c prediction range of the subject are calculated; In the following formulas (1) to (5), FPG represents a single fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c (FPG) It indicates the use of HbA1c point estimates within different FPG ranges; When 2.99 < FPG ≤5.37 mmol / L, Formula (1): HbA1c (2.99 < FPG ≤5.37 mmol / L) = 0.41750×FPG+3.53997; HbA1c (2.99 < FPG ≤5.37 mmol / L) is denoted as y*. The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of HbA1c of the subject are as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, probability of correct estimation 69.88%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.82, probability of correct estimation 77.11%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+1.07, probability of correct estimation 81.93%; When 5.37 < FPG ≤6.66 mmol / L, Formula (2): HbA1c (5.37 < FPG ≤6.66 mmol / L) = 0.44010×FPG+3.56308; HbA1c (5.37 < FPG ≤6.66 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.69, upper limit = y*+0.31, probability of correct estimation 53.94%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.79, upper limit = y*+0.71, probability of correct estimation 70.30%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.79, upper limit = y*+1.21, probability of correct estimation 81.82%; When 6.66 < FPG ≤7.82 mmol / L, Formula (3): HbA1c (6.66 < FPG ≤7.82 mmol / L) = 0.45225×FPG + 3.65442; HbA1c (6.66 < FPG ≤7.82 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.50, upper limit = y*+0.50, probability of correct estimation 57.32%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.88, upper limit = y*+0.62, correct estimation probability 67.68%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.90, upper limit = y*+1.10, probability of correct estimation 76.83%; When 7.82 < FPG ≤12.90 mmol / L, Formula (4): HbA1c (7.82 < FPG ≤12.90 mmol / L) = 0.45933×FPG + 3.67723; HbA1c (7.82 < FPG ≤12.90 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, probability of correct estimation 41.34%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.89, probability of correct estimation 54.71%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.98, upper limit = y*+1.02, probability of correct estimation 66.87%; When 12.90 < FPG ≤24.50 mmol / L, Formula (5): HbA1c (12.90 < FPG ≤24.50 mmol / L) = 0.42062×FPG + 3.55807; HbA1c (12.90 < FPG ≤24.50 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.36, upper limit = y*+0.64, probability of correct estimation 29.27%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.53, upper limit = y*+0.97, correct estimation probability 40.24%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 48.78%; In the following formulas (6) to (10), PPG2h represents plasma glucose 2 hours after a single meal; HbA1c (PPG2h) It indicates the use of HbA1c point estimates within different PPG2h ranges; When 4.19 < PPG2h ≤8.30 mmol / L, Formula (6): HbA1c (4.19 < PPG2h ≤8.30 mmol / L) = 0.22762×PPG2h + 4.13680; HbA1c (4.19 < PPG2h ≤8.30 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.33, upper limit = y*+0.67, correct estimation probability 63.10%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.92, probability of correct estimation 77.38%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+1.24, probability of correct estimation 86.31%; When 8.30 < PPG2h ≤9.61mmol / L, Formula (7): HbA1c (8.30 < PPG2h ≤9.61mmol / L) = 0.25794×PPG2h + 4.10227; HbA1c (8.30 < PPG2h ≤9.61mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.50, upper limit = y*+0.50, probability of correct estimation 51.25%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.52, upper limit = y*+0.98, correct estimation probability 66.25%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+1.16, probability of correct estimation 82.50%; When 9.61 < PPG2h ≤12.36 mmol / L, Formula (8): HbA1c (9.61 < PPG2h ≤12.36 mmol / L) = 0.27500×PPG2h + 4.26850; HbA1c (9.61 < PPG2h ≤12.36 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.39, upper limit = y*+0.61, probability of correct estimation 48.78%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.89, upper limit = y*+0.61, correct estimation probability 62.20%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.24, upper limit = y*+0.76, probability of correct estimation 73.17; When 12.36 < PPG2h ≤19.66 mmol / L, Formula (9): HbA1c (12.36 < PPG2h ≤19.66 mmol / L) = 0.27660×PPG2h + 4.19787; HbA1c (12.36 < PPG2h ≤19.66 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.49, upper limit = y*+0.51, probability of correct estimation 29.88%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.18, upper limit = y*+0.32, the probability of correct estimation is 41.16%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.48, upper limit = y*+0.52, probability of correct estimation 54.27%; When 19.66 < PPG2h ≤33.60 mmol / L, Formula (10): HbA1c (19.66 < PPG2h ≤33.60 mmol / L) = 0.22762×PPG2h + 4.13680; HbA1c (19.66 < PPG2h ≤33.60 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.56, upper limit = y*+0.44, the probability of correct estimation is 33.73%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.60, upper limit = y*+0.90, probability of correct estimation 42.17%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.56, upper limit = y*+1.44, probability of correct estimation 49.40%; In the following formulas (11) to (13), mean FCG represents the arithmetic mean of multiple fasting capillary blood glucose measurements; HbA1c (mean FCG) Indicates the point estimate of HbA1c within different mean FCG ranges; When 3.83 < meanFCG ≤6.10 mmol / L, Formula (11): HbA1c (3.83 < meanFCG ≤6.10 mmol / L) = 0.57473×meanFCG + 2.69896; HbA1c (3.83 < meanFCG ≤6.10 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.50, upper limit = y*+0.50, probability of correct estimation 71.69%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+0.85, the probability of correct estimation is 82.53%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+1.28, probability of correct estimation 90.36%; When 6.10 < meanFCG ≤9.90mmol / L, Formula (12): HbA1c (6.10 < meanFCG ≤9.90mmol / L) = 0.60706×meanFCG + 2.65881; HbA1c (6.10 < meanFCG ≤9.90mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, probability of correct estimation 46.04%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.78, probability of correct estimation 61.66%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+1.04, probability of correct estimation 72.62%; When 9.90 < meanFCG ≤18.99 mmol / L, Formula (13): HbA1c (9.90 < meanFCG ≤18.99 mmol / L) = 0.59259×meanFCG + 2.64642; HbA1c (9.90 < meanFCG ≤18.99 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.53, upper limit = y*+0.47, probability of correct estimation 34.15%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 46.34%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.43, upper limit = y*+0.57, probability of correct estimation 55.49%; In the following formulas (14) to (17), mean PCG represents the arithmetic mean of capillary blood glucose 2 hours after multiple meals; HbA1c (mean PCG) Indicates the point estimate of HbA1c using different mean PCG ranges; When 5.03 < meanPCG ≤8.24 mmol / L, Formula (14): HbA1c (5.03 < meanPCG ≤8.24 mmol / L) = 0.36948×meanPCG + 3.18069; HbA1c (5.03 < meanPCG ≤8.24 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.50, upper limit = y*+0.50, probability of correct estimation 66.67%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.70, upper limit = y*+0.80, probability of correct estimation 80.00%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+1.35, probability of correct estimation 88.48%; When 8.24< meanPCG ≤12.86 mmol / L, Formula (15): HbA1c (8.24< meanPCG ≤12.86 mmol / L) = 0.38881×meanPCG + 3.16476; HbA1c (8.24< meanPCG ≤12.86 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.53, upper limit = y*+0.47, probability of correct estimation 44.31%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.66, upper limit = y*+0.84, correct estimation probability 61.50%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, probability of correct estimation 72.40%; When 12.86 < meanPCG ≤16.33 mmol / L, Formula (16): HbA1c (12.86 < meanPCG ≤16.33 mmol / L) = 0.37158×meanPCG + 3.24796; HbA1c (12.86 < meanPCG ≤16.33 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.69, upper limit = y*+0.31, probability of correct estimation 33.33%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.69, upper limit = y*+0.81, probability of correct estimation 50.62%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.94, upper limit = y*+1.06, probability of correct estimation 63.58%; When 16.33 < meanPCG ≤28.90 mmol / L, Formula (17): HbA1c (16.33 < meanPCG ≤28.90 mmol / L) = 0.42633×meanPCG + 3.00251; HbA1c (16.33 < meanPCG ≤28.90 mmol / L) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.26, upper limit = y*+0.74, correct estimation probability 30.12%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 37.35%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.37, upper limit = y*+0.63, probability of correct estimation 48.19%; In the following formulas (18) to (21), GA represents single glycated albumin; HbA1c (GA) It indicates that the HbA1c point estimate value was adopted in different GA ranges; When 11.91 < GA ≤16.84%, Formula (18): HbA1c (11.91 < GA ≤16.84 %) = 0.25959×GA + 2.21196; HbA1c (11.91 < GA ≤16.84 %) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.52, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 56.28%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.69, upper limit = y*+0.81, probability of correct estimation 77.33%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+1.08, probability of correct estimation 90.69%; When 16.84< GA ≤20.95%, Formula (19): HbA1c (16.84< GA ≤20.95 %) = 0.27023×GA + 2.21192; HbA1c (16.84< GA ≤20.95 %) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.53, upper limit = y*+0.47, probability of correct estimation 51.82%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+0.85, correct estimation probability 68.42%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, probability of correct estimation 80.16%; When 20.95 < GA ≤25.26%, Formula (20): HbA1c (20.95 < GA ≤25.26 %) =0.26565×GA + 2.22182; HbA1c (20.95 < GA ≤25.26 %) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.81, upper limit = y*+0.19, probability of correct estimation 40.85%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+0.85, correct estimation probability 57.93%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 71.95%; When 25.26 < GA ≤65.13%, Formula (21): HbA1c (25.26 < GA ≤65.13 %) = 0.25959×GA + 2.21196; HbA1c (25.26 < GA ≤65.13 %) Denoted as y*, the lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subject are predicted as follows: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.40, upper limit = y*+0.60, probability of correct estimation 34.55%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 47.27%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.06, upper limit = y*+0.94, correct estimation probability 61.21%; In the following formulas (22) to (47), y* represents the HbA1c point estimate calculated from at least two parameters of the numerical values ​​of the FPG, the PPG2h, the mean FCG, the mean PCG and the GA; Equation (22): y*= 0.02979×FPG + 0.02896×PPG2h + 0.16356×meanFCG + 0.06158×meanPCG + 0.15019×GA + 1.98343; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (22) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+0.35, the probability of correct estimation is 69.28%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.74, probability of correct estimation 84.94%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, probability of correct estimation 91.57%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.59, upper limit = y*+0.41, probability of correct estimation 58.01%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.86, upper limit = y*+0.64, probability of correct estimation 74.85%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.08, upper limit = y*+0.92, probability of correct estimation 84.58%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.52, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 40.85%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.73, upper limit = y*+0.77, probability of correct estimation 56.71%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.23, upper limit = y*+0.77, correct estimation probability 68.90%; Equation (23): y*=0.09885×FPG + 0.06516×PPG2h + 0.21217×meanFCG + 0.11607×meanPCG + 3.01847; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (23) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.73, upper limit = y*+0.27, probability of correct estimation 72.29%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.45, correct estimation probability 86.75%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.95, probability of correct estimation 92.77%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.25, probability of correct estimation 51.52%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.47, correct estimation probability 67.95%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.23, upper limit = y*+0.77, probability of correct estimation 79.92%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, probability of correct estimation 35.37%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.45, correct estimation probability 50.00%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, probability of correct estimation 62.80%; Equation (24): y*= 0.02295×FPG + 0.04521×PPG2h + 0.21126×meanFCG + 0.15705×GA+ 2.01184 The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (24) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.28, correct estimation probability 69.28%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.78, upper limit = y*+0.72, correct estimation probability 81.93%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 90.36%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, probability of correct estimation 58.22%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+0.59, probability of correct estimation 75.25%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, probability of correct estimation 85.40%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, probability of correct estimation 41.46%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+0.54, probability of correct estimation 56.10%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, probability of correct estimation 68.29%; Equation (25): y*= 0.08110×FPG + 0.02169×PPG2h + 0.12070×meanPCG + 0.16022×GA+ 2.09849 The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (25) as follows: 4.19 <PPG2h ≤ 8.30 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.64, upper limit = y*+0.36, correct estimation probability 67.86%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.39, the probability of correct estimation is 85.12%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, probability of correct estimation 94.05%; 8.30 <PPG2h ≤ 9.61 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.6, upper limit = y*+0.4, probability of correct estimation 57.50%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.86, upper limit = y*+0.64, correct estimation probability 80.00%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, probability of correct estimation 90.00%; 9.61 <PPG2h ≤ 12.36 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, probability of correct estimation 58.54%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.79, upper limit = y*+0.71, probability of correct estimation 75.61%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.98, probability of correct estimation 85.98%; 12.36 <PPG2h ≤ 19.66 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, probability of correct estimation 52.74%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.67, upper limit = y*+0.83, correct estimation probability 67.99%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+1.09, probability of correct estimation 77.44%; 19.66 <PPG2h ≤ 33.60 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.32, upper limit = y*+0.68, probability of correct estimation 39.76%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.25, upper limit = y*+1.25, the probability of correct estimation is 59.04%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.89, upper limit = y*+1.11, probability of correct estimation 72.29%; Equation (26): y*= 0.04381×FPG + 0.15819×meanFCG + 0.08186×meanPCG + 0.15442×GA + 1.95619; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (26) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.67, upper limit = y*+0.33, probability of correct estimation 68.07%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.85, upper limit = y*+0.65, correct estimation probability 84.94%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 92.17%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.64, upper limit = y*+0.36, probability of correct estimation 56.39%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.74, upper limit = y*+0.76, the probability of correct estimation is 73.63%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.98, upper limit = y*+1.02, probability of correct estimation 83.57%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, probability of correct estimation 40.85%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.75, probability of correct estimation 54.88%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+1.24, correct estimation probability 67.68%; Equation (27): y*= 0.03419×PPG2h + 0.18259×meanFCG + 0.05939×meanPCG + 0.15326×GA + 1.97405; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (27) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.69, upper limit = y*+0.31, probability of correct estimation 69.28%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.75, correct estimation probability 84.34%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 91.57%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.39, probability of correct estimation 57.61%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.7, probability of correct estimation 74.65%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, probability of correct estimation 84.99%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.28, probability of correct estimation 42.07%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.74, probability of correct estimation 57.32%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.2, upper limit = y*+0.8, probability of correct estimation 68.29%; Equation (28): y*= 0.09178×FPG + 0.10019×PPG2h + 0.32012×meanFCG + 3.08517; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (28) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.17, probability of correct estimation 71.69%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 84.94%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.13, upper limit = y*+0.87, probability of correct estimation 89.16%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.28, probability of correct estimation 51.52%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.1, upper limit = y*+0.4, the probability of correct estimation is 68.15%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, correct estimation probability 80.12%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.78, upper limit = y*+0.22, the probability of correct estimation is 34.76%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.34, the probability of correct estimation is 47.56%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.84, probability of correct estimation 59.76%; Equation (29): y*= 0.17305×FPG + 0.06016×PPG2h + 0.20460×meanPCG + 3.17850; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (29) as follows: 4.19 <PPG2h ≤ 8.30 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.7, upper limit = y*+0.3, probability of correct estimation 70.24%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.49, the probability of correct estimation is 85.12%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, probability of correct estimation 90.48%; 8.30 <PPG2h ≤ 9.61 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.52, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 67.50%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.08, upper limit = y*+0.42, probability of correct estimation 82.50%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.84, probability of correct estimation 91.25%; 9.61 <PPG2h ≤ 12.36 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.53, upper limit = y*+0.47, probability of correct estimation 54.27%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.36, probability of correct estimation 71.34%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, probability of correct estimation 85.37%; 12.36 <PPG2h ≤ 19.66 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, probability of correct estimation 44.21%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.7, probability of correct estimation 56.10%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+1.08, probability of correct estimation 68.29%; 19.66 <PPG2h ≤ 33.60 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, probability of correct estimation 39.76%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.62, upper limit = y*+0.88, probability of correct estimation 54.22%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+1.03, probability of correct estimation 68.67%; Equation (30): y*= 0.10888×FPG + 0.06253×PPG2h + 0.17991×GA + 2.33256; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (30) as follows: 4.19 <PPG2h ≤ 8.30 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.13, probability of correct estimation 70.24%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.85, upper limit = y*+0.65, correct estimation probability 84.52%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.12, upper limit = y*+0.88, probability of correct estimation 93.45%; 8.30 <PPG2h ≤ 9.61 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.56, upper limit = y*+0.44, correct estimation probability 60.00%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+0.54, probability of correct estimation 75.00%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+1.04, probability of correct estimation 86.25%; 9.61 <PPG2h ≤ 12.36 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.5, upper limit = y*+0.5, probability of correct estimation 56.10%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, probability of correct estimation 76.22%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+1.09, probability of correct estimation 85.37%; 12.36 <PPG2h ≤ 19.66 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.62, upper limit = y*+0.38, probability of correct estimation 51.52%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.67, correct estimation probability 68.60%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+1.03, probability of correct estimation 77.44%; 19.66 <PPG2h ≤ 33.60 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.38, upper limit = y*+0.62, probability of correct estimation 43.37%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, probability of correct estimation 57.83%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, probability of correct estimation 73.49%; Equation (31): y*= 0.13171×FPG + 0.21800×meanFCG + 0.16150×meanPCG + 2.99804; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (31) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.77, upper limit = y*+0.23, probability of correct estimation 74.10%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 87.35%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.07, upper limit = y*+0.93, probability of correct estimation 93.98%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.39, probability of correct estimation 49.70%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.47, correct estimation probability 65.11%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.22, upper limit = y*+0.78, probability of correct estimation 76.88%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.48, upper limit = y*+0.52, probability of correct estimation 35.98%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.65, upper limit = y*+0.85, the probability of correct estimation is 48.78%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, probability of correct estimation 61.59%; Equation (32): y*= 0.04658×FPG + 0.23063×meanFCG + 0.16898×GA + 1.98222; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (32) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.71, upper limit = y*+0.29, probability of correct estimation 67.47%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+0.53, the probability of correct estimation is 81.33%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.98, probability of correct estimation 90.96%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.43, upper limit = y*+0.57, probability of correct estimation 55.38%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.86, upper limit = y*+0.64, probability of correct estimation 73.02%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 83.57%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.44, upper limit = y*+0.56, the probability of correct estimation is 39.63%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.94, upper limit = y*+0.56, probability of correct estimation 54.88%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+1.09, probability of correct estimation 64.63%; Equation (33): y*= 0.09210×FPG + 0.13487×meanPCG + 0.16115×GA + 2.09892; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (33) as follows: 11.91 <GA ≤ 16.84 % : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.64, upper limit = y*+0.36, probability of correct estimation 66.80%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.77, upper limit = y*+0.73, correct estimation probability 83.40%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 95.55%; 16.84 <GA ≤ 20.95 % : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, probability of correct estimation 59.51%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+0.66, probability of correct estimation 76.52%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+1.16, probability of correct estimation 85.02%; 20.95 <GA ≤ 25.26 % : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.48, upper limit = y*+0.52, probability of correct estimation 48.78%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.82, correct estimation probability 64.02%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.97, probability of correct estimation 76.22%; 25.26 <GA ≤ 65.13 % : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+0.08, probability of correct estimation 37.58%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.04, upper limit = y*+0.46, probability of correct estimation 52.12%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+1.24, correct estimation probability 64.24%; Equation (34): y*= 0.08452×PPG2h + 0.28468×meanFCG + 0.11726×meanPCG +2.99782; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (34) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, probability of correct estimation 72.29%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 86.75%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.98, probability of correct estimation 91.57%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.25, the probability of correct estimation is 51.93%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+0.53, correct estimation probability 66.73%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.13, upper limit = y*+0.87, probability of correct estimation 78.50%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.66, upper limit = y*+0.34, the probability of correct estimation is 32.93%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.47, the probability of correct estimation is 48.78%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.03, upper limit = y*+0.97, correct estimation probability 61.59%; Equation (35): y*= 0.04860×PPG2h + 0.22505×meanFCG + 0.15953×GA + 1.99793; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (35) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, probability of correct estimation 68.67%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.82, upper limit = y*+0.68, correct estimation probability 81.93%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.98, probability of correct estimation 90.36%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.58, upper limit = y*+0.42, probability of correct estimation 57.00%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, probability of correct estimation 75.25%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, probability of correct estimation 85.19%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.49, upper limit = y*+0.51, probability of correct estimation 40.85%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+0.5, probability of correct estimation 56.71%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.84, correct estimation probability 68.29%; Equation (36): y*= 0.03725×PPG2h + 0.13752×meanPCG + 0.17321×GA + 2.12427; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (36) as follows: 4.19 <PPG2h ≤ 8.30 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.79, upper limit = y*+0.21, correct estimation probability 66.07%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.57, correct estimation probability 83.33%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, probability of correct estimation 92.26%; 8.30 <PPG2h ≤ 9.61 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.46, upper limit = y*+0.54, probability of correct estimation 55.00%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+0.59, probability of correct estimation 78.75%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 87.50%; 9.61 <PPG2h ≤ 12.36 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.39, probability of correct estimation 58.54%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+0.58, probability of correct estimation 74.39%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+1.04, probability of correct estimation 86.59%; 12.36 <PPG2h ≤ 19.66 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.7, upper limit = y*+0.3, probability of correct estimation 51.52%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.74, upper limit = y*+0.76, correct estimation probability 67.07%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.96, upper limit = y*+1.04, probability of correct estimation 76.52%; 19.66 <PPG2h ≤ 33.60 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.5, upper limit = y*+0.5, the probability of correct estimation is 37.35%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.41, upper limit = y*+1.09, probability of correct estimation 53.01%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+1.25, correct estimation probability 67.47%; Formula (37): y*= 0.18681×meanFCG + 0.08537×meanPCG + 0.15949×GA + 1.94643; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (37) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.17, correct estimation probability 68.07%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.67, probability of correct estimation 84.34%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, probability of correct estimation 92.17%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.44, upper limit = y*+0.56, probability of correct estimation 55.98%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.73, upper limit = y*+0.77, probability of correct estimation 72.82%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 82.76%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.6, upper limit = y*+0.4, correct estimation probability 40.85%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.77, upper limit = y*+0.73, probability of correct estimation 56.71%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.77, upper limit = y*+1.23, correct estimation probability 69.51%; Equation (38): y*= 0.24784×FPG + 0.14416×PPG2h + 3.84417; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (38) as follows: 4.19 <PPG2h ≤ 8.30 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.2, probability of correct estimation 69.05%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.45, the probability of correct estimation is 85.12%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, probability of correct estimation 91.67%; 8.30 <PPG2h ≤ 9.61 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.78, upper limit = y*+0.22, probability of correct estimation 58.75%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 78.75%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, probability of correct estimation 86.25%; 9.61 <PPG2h ≤ 12.36 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.56, upper limit = y*+0.44, probability of correct estimation 53.05%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+0.51, the probability of correct estimation is 69.51%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, probability of correct estimation 79.88%; 12.36 <PPG2h ≤ 19.66 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.13, correct estimation probability 37.80%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.27, upper limit = y*+0.23, probability of correct estimation 53.35%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.37, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 62.80%; 19.66 <PPG2h ≤ 33.60 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.92, upper limit = y*+0.08, probability of correct estimation 38.55%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.9, upper limit = y*+0.6, probability of correct estimation 53.01%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.22, upper limit = y*+0.78, probability of correct estimation 63.86%; Formula (39): y*= 0.16175×FPG + 0.38735×meanFCG + 3.21836 The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (39) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+0.01, probability of correct estimation 71.08%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 84.34%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 89.76%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.81, upper limit = y*+0.19, probability of correct estimation 48.07%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.97, upper limit = y*+0.53, correct estimation probability 63.29%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.32, upper limit = y*+0.68, probability of correct estimation 75.66%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.55, upper limit = y*+0.45, the probability of correct estimation is 33.54%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.7, upper limit = y*+0.8, probability of correct estimation 46.95%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.1, upper limit = y*+0.9, probability of correct estimation 56.10%; Formula (40): y*= 0.20471×FPG + 0.24956×meanPCG + 3.15785 The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (40) as follows: y*= 0.20471×FPG + 0.24956×meanPCG + 3.15785 5.03 <meanPCG ≤ 8.24 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.6, upper limit = y*+0.4, probability of correct estimation 70.30%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.49, the probability of correct estimation is 86.67%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.01, upper limit = y*+0.99, probability of correct estimation 93.33%; 8.24 <meanPCG ≤ 12.86 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.63, upper limit = y*+0.37, probability of correct estimation 52.78%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.12, upper limit = y*+0.38, correct estimation probability 66.83%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.19, upper limit = y*+0.81, probability of correct estimation 77.00%; 12.86 <meanPCG ≤ 16.33 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.63, upper limit = y*+0.37, probability of correct estimation 38.89%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.25, upper limit = y*+0.25, the probability of correct estimation is 54.94%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.13, upper limit = y*+0.87, correct estimation probability 65.43%; 16.33 <meanPCG ≤ 28.90 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.51, upper limit = y*+0.49, the probability of correct estimation is 32.53%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+0.66, correct estimation probability 45.78%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+1.16, probability of correct estimation 56.63%; Equation (41): y*= 0.15520×FPG + 0.19954×GA + 2.33232 The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (41) as follows: 11.91 <GA ≤ 16.84 % : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.66, upper limit = y*+0.34, the probability of correct estimation is 63.97%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.89, upper limit = y*+0.61, correct estimation probability 85.02%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.98, upper limit = y*+1.02, probability of correct estimation 94.33%; 16.84 <GA ≤ 20.95 % : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.5, upper limit = y*+0.5, probability of correct estimation 57.89%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+0.5, the probability of correct estimation is 71.26%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.21, upper limit = y*+0.79, probability of correct estimation 81.78%; 20.95 <GA ≤ 25.26 % : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.32, upper limit = y*+0.68, probability of correct estimation 42.68%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.78, correct estimation probability 64.02%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 75.00%; 25.26 <GA ≤ 65.13 % : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.07, probability of correct estimation 36.36%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.57, probability of correct estimation 51.52%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, probability of correct estimation 65.45%; Formula (42): y*= 0.11847×PPG2h + 0.38677×meanFCG + 3.08044; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (42) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.24, correct estimation probability 69.88%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.57, the probability of correct estimation is 83.73%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.25, upper limit = y*+0.75, probability of correct estimation 89.16%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.07, probability of correct estimation 49.29%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+0.5, correct estimation probability 66.13%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.16, upper limit = y*+0.84, probability of correct estimation 78.30%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.73, upper limit = y*+0.27, probability of correct estimation 34.15%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.06, upper limit = y*+0.44, the probability of correct estimation is 48.78%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.0, upper limit = y*+1.0, probability of correct estimation 59.15%; Formula (43): y*= 0.10402×PPG2h + 0.25953×meanPCG + 3.45175; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (43) as follows: 4.19 <PPG2h ≤ 8.30 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.84, upper limit = y*+0.16, probability of correct estimation 67.26%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.02, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 80.36%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.31, upper limit = y*+0.69, probability of correct estimation 88.10%; 8.30 <PPG2h ≤ 9.61 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.61, upper limit = y*+0.39, probability of correct estimation 61.25%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.7, probability of correct estimation 75.00%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.25, upper limit = y*+0.75, probability of correct estimation 87.50%; 9.61 <PPG2h ≤ 12.36 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.59, upper limit = y*+0.41, probability of correct estimation 51.22%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.87, upper limit = y*+0.63, correct estimation probability 66.46%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.06, upper limit = y*+0.94, probability of correct estimation 79.27%; 12.36 <PPG2h ≤ 19.66 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.81, upper limit = y*+0.19, probability of correct estimation 37.20%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.91, upper limit = y*+0.59, probability of correct estimation 53.35%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, correct estimation probability 64.63%; 19.66 <PPG2h ≤ 33.60 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.55, upper limit = y*+0.45, the probability of correct estimation is 32.53%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.98, upper limit = y*+0.52, correct estimation probability 45.78%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.99, upper limit = y*+1.01, probability of correct estimation 57.83%; Equation (44): y*= 0.09302×PPG2h + 0.20178×GA + 2.41458; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (44) as follows: 4.19 <PPG2h ≤ 8.30 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.07, probability of correct estimation 64.29%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.93, upper limit = y*+0.57, probability of correct estimation 82.74%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.14, upper limit = y*+0.86, probability of correct estimation 92.26%; 8.30 <PPG2h ≤ 9.61 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.35, upper limit = y*+0.65, probability of correct estimation 56.25%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.74, probability of correct estimation 71.25%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.94, upper limit = y*+1.06, probability of correct estimation 86.25%; 9.61 <PPG2h ≤ 12.36 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.67, upper limit = y*+0.33, probability of correct estimation 56.10%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.75, upper limit = y*+0.75, the probability of correct estimation is 73.78%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.9, upper limit = y*+1.1, probability of correct estimation 85.98%; 12.36 <PPG2h ≤ 19.66 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.68, upper limit = y*+0.32, probability of correct estimation 51.52%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.85, upper limit = y*+0.65, correct estimation probability 65.85%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.24, upper limit = y*+0.76, probability of correct estimation 76.52%; 19.66 <PPG2h ≤ 33.60 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.54, upper limit = y*+0.46, probability of correct estimation 39.76%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.04, upper limit = y*+0.46, probability of correct estimation 55.42%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.17, upper limit = y*+0.83, probability of correct estimation 71.08%; Formula (45): y*= 0.31984×meanFCG + 0.18709×meanPCG + 2.97921; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (45) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.82, upper limit = y*+0.18, probability of correct estimation 73.49%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.82, upper limit = y*+0.68, correct estimation probability 86.14%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.09, upper limit = y*+0.91, probability of correct estimation 92.77%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.28, probability of correct estimation 46.45%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.78, upper limit = y*+0.72, correct estimation probability 63.49%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.27, upper limit = y*+0.73, probability of correct estimation 75.66%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.37, upper limit = y*+0.63, probability of correct estimation 34.76%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.67, the probability of correct estimation is 47.56%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.85, upper limit = y*+1.15, probability of correct estimation 59.15%; Formula (46): y*= 0.26487×meanFCG + 0.17457×GA + 1.97928; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (46) as follows: 3.83 < meanFCG ≤ 6.10 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.8, upper limit = y*+0.2, probability of correct estimation 66.87%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.76, upper limit = y*+0.74, correct estimation probability 80.12%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.05, upper limit = y*+0.95, probability of correct estimation 90.36%; 6.10 < meanFCG ≤ 9.90 mmol / L: Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.49, upper limit = y*+0.51, probability of correct estimation 53.96%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.79, upper limit = y*+0.71, probability of correct estimation 73.02%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, probability of correct estimation 82.76%; 9.90 < meanFCG ≤ 18.99 mmol / L : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.17, probability of correct estimation 40.85%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.83, upper limit = y*+0.67, probability of correct estimation 54.88%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.19, upper limit = y*+0.81, probability of correct estimation 65.85%; Formula (47): y*= 0.16821×meanPCG + 0.17968×GA + 2.11076; The lower and upper limits of the predicted range of the subjects are predicted using y* in formula (47) as follows: 11.91 <GA ≤ 16.84 % : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.57, upper limit = y*+0.43, probability of correct estimation 65.18%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.72, upper limit = y*+0.78, probability of correct estimation 80.57%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-1.11, upper limit = y*+0.89, probability of correct estimation 92.71%; 16.84 <GA ≤ 20.95 % : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.52, upper limit = y*+0.48, probability of correct estimation 58.70%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.86, upper limit = y*+0.64, probability of correct estimation 75.30%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.95, upper limit = y*+1.05, correct estimation probability 83.40%; 20.95 <GA ≤ 25.26 % : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.43, upper limit = y*+0.57, probability of correct estimation 46.95%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-0.71, upper limit = y*+0.79, correct estimation probability 65.24%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.95, upper limit = y*+1.05, probability of correct estimation 75.00%; 25.26 <GA ≤ 65.13 % : Range width 1.0%: lower limit = y*-0.66, upper limit = y*+0.34, correct estimation probability 35.15%; Range width 1.5%: lower limit = y*-1.06, upper limit = y*+0.44, the probability of correct estimation is 48.48%; Range width 2.0%: lower limit = y*-0.89, upper limit = y*+1.11, probability of correct estimation 63.03%.

2. The data processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing device further comprises a control module or a controller; the control module or the controller is used to control each module.

3. The data processing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The parameter collection equipment includes a biochemical analyzer for detecting plasma blood sugar and glycosylated albumin, a blood glucose meter for detecting capillary blood sugar and a glycosylated hemoglobin analyzer.

4. A system for assisting in judging the risk of elevated blood sugar based on an individualized prediction and correction system for glycated hemoglobin, characterized in that: It includes a biochemical analyzer for detecting plasma blood glucose and glycosylated albumin, a blood glucose meter and a glycosylated hemoglobin analyzer for detecting capillary blood glucose, and a computing device equipped with a data processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for individualized prediction and calibration of glycosylated hemoglobin values ​​and assisting in determining the risk of elevated blood glucose.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The system also includes an input device and an output device; The computing device includes a computer or a mobile phone.

6. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the following steps: Receive at least one of the following data: (a1) a single fasting plasma blood glucose measurement of the subject, recorded as FPG; (a2) a single 2-hour postprandial plasma blood glucose measurement of the subject, recorded as PPG2h; (a3) ​​multiple fasting capillary blood glucose measurements of the subject, the arithmetic mean of which is recorded as mean FCG; (a4) multiple 2-hour postprandial capillary blood glucose measurements of the subject, the arithmetic mean of which is recorded as mean PCG; (a5) a single glycated albumin measurement of the subject, recorded as GA; According to any one of the numerical values ​​of the FPG, the PPG2h, the mean FCG, the mean PCG or the GA, the formula in the data calculation module in the data processing device for individualized prediction and calibration of glycated hemoglobin values ​​and assisting in determining the risk of elevated blood sugar as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 is calculated to obtain an HbA1c point estimate, the width of the HbA1c prediction range and the HbA1c point estimate are set according to clinical needs, and the lower limit and upper limit of the HbA1c prediction range of the subject are calculated to assist in determining the risk of elevated blood sugar.

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