Circularly polarized equal flux radiation antenna and wireless communication system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a circularly polarized equal-flux radiation antenna and a wireless communication system. The antenna includes: a feed network, a dielectric substrate, a floor, a feed source and a dielectric lens. The dielectric substrate is stacked with the floor. The feed network is arranged on the side of the dielectric substrate away from the floor. The feed source is arranged on the side of the floor away from the dielectric substrate, and the feed source is connected to the feed network. The dielectric lens is arranged on the floor and covers the feed source. The side of the dielectric lens away from the floor is the exit direction of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. The dielectric lens is used to adjust the phase of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. The field distribution on the aperture field of the dielectric lens satisfies the corresponding near-field distribution to realize circularly polarized equal-flux radiation beamforming. The technical solution of the present invention can realize circularly polarized equal-flux beamforming, and also has the advantages of simple structure, good beamforming performance, obvious out-of-beam suppression effect, etc. It can meet the requirements of wireless communication systems for equal or approximately equal signal strength coverage of the coverage area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna communication technology, and in particular to a circularly polarized equal-flux radiation antenna and a wireless communication system. Background Art

[0002] At present, antennas play a vital role in wireless communication systems. Their performance determines the quality of wireless links and the coverage of wireless signals. In recent years, mobile communication technology in my country and around the world has developed rapidly. 5G communication has been gradually commercialized, and newer next-generation communication technology solutions are also being explored and researched. It is generally believed that new communication technologies such as higher-frequency communications and satellite communications will play a unique role in future communication technologies.

[0003] As the frequency of use increases, different application scenarios often require refined and targeted designs to meet different application requirements. For example, in higher frequency bands and satellite communication scenarios, when the transmission path is long, the path loss will have a significant impact on the signal strength in the coverage area. Affected by this, ordinary pencil-shaped radiation beams will cause large differences in signal strength in the coverage area, and the quality of communication connections in the edge areas will decrease. Therefore, in order to improve the equal coverage of signals in the coverage area, it is necessary to design the communication system to meet the equal flux coverage of the signal. Taking into account the coverage area and link budget, equal flux coverage can be efficiently achieved by shaping the antenna radiation beam. Circularly polarized radiation can avoid polarization loss and further ensure communication quality. At present, the design of this type of circularly polarized antenna is mostly based on complex array models or reflection surface technology, and most of them face problems such as large size, complex structure, and poor out-of-beam suppression.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to propose further improvements to the structure of the current circularly polarized antenna. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna and a wireless communication system.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a circularly polarized equal-flux radiation antenna including: a feeding network, a dielectric substrate, a floor, a feed source and a dielectric lens, wherein the dielectric substrate is overlapped with the floor, and the feeding network is arranged on a side of the dielectric substrate away from the floor, and is used to evenly divide the received signal into at least two signals and perform orderly feeding, and the phase difference between adjacent signals is 90°; the feed source is arranged on a side of the floor away from the dielectric substrate, and the feed source is connected to the feeding network, and is used to synthesize at least two feed signals into a circularly polarized signal and emit a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave; the dielectric lens is arranged on the floor and covers the feed source, and the side of the dielectric lens away from the floor is the emission direction of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, and the dielectric lens is used to adjust the phase of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, and the field distribution on the dielectric lens aperture field satisfies the corresponding near-field distribution to realize circularly polarized equal-flux radiation beamforming.

[0007] The dielectric lens comprises a cylindrical seat and a hemispherical dielectric body connected to the seat, one end of the seat away from the dielectric body abuts against the floor, and a notch is formed on one side of the dielectric body away from the seat.

[0008] Among them, the diameter of the seat body is 1.45 wavelengths of the antenna operating frequency, and the height is between 0.5 wavelengths and 1.0 wavelengths of the antenna operating frequency. The ratio of the height of the seat body to the depth of the recess is between 0.7 and 1.1; the diameter of the dielectric body is 1.45 wavelengths of the antenna operating frequency, and the height is 0.54 wavelengths of the antenna operating frequency.

[0009] Wherein, the material of the dielectric lens is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0010] The feed source includes an antenna unit and an annular metal structure surrounding the antenna unit.

[0011] Wherein, the antenna unit is a patch antenna or a horn antenna.

[0012] The feeding network is a one-to-four network composed of Wilkins power dividers, which is used to divide the received signal into four equal parts.

[0013] Wherein, the dielectric substrate is a Rogers board.

[0014] To achieve the above object, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a wireless communication system, including the above circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention can control the distribution of electromagnetic waves at the radiation aperture through the dielectric lens structure, realize equal flux radiation beam, and have certain beam space selection characteristics to suppress interference outside the beam; by loading the feed source inside the medium, the integration is improved, and the overall size of the antenna is reduced to achieve integrated installation; through the feed network and feed source, the sequence feeding technology is adopted to achieve low cross-polarization radiation within a large spatial angle range. Through the implementation of the above embodiments, this solution realizes compact circularly polarized equal flux radiation beamforming, and also has the advantages of compact and simple structure, and spatial cutoff capability outside the beam. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a circularly polarized equal-flux radiating antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a side view of a circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of a circularly polarized equal-flux radiating antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a feeding network in a circularly polarized equal-flux radiating antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 is a performance curve diagram of the circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a right-hand polarization curve diagram of the circularly polarized equal-flux radiating antenna of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a left-hand polarization curve diagram of the circularly polarized equal-flux radiating antenna of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 It is an axial ratio curve diagram of the circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna of the present invention.

[0025] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0028] Different from the circular polarization antennas in the prior art, which are mostly designed based on complex array models or reflective surface technology, and most of them face the problems of large size, complex structure, and poor out-of-beam suppression, the present invention provides a circular polarization equal flux radiating antenna, which can realize circular polarization equal flux beamforming, and also has the advantages of simple structure, good beamforming performance, and obvious out-of-beam suppression, and can meet the requirements of wireless communication systems for equal or approximately equal signal strength coverage in the coverage area. Please refer to the following embodiments for the specific structure of the circular polarization equal flux radiating antenna.

[0029] In order to more clearly describe the embodiments of this solution, Figures 1 to 3 To illustrate the specific structure of the circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a circularly polarized equal-flux radiating antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a side view of a circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3The figure is a schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of a circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of the present invention, the circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna comprises: a feeding network 100, a dielectric substrate 200, a floor 300, a feed source 400 and a dielectric lens 500. The dielectric substrate 200 is stacked with the floor 300. The feeding network 100 is arranged on a side of the dielectric substrate 200 away from the floor 300, and is used to evenly divide the received signal into at least two signals and feed them in an orderly manner, and the phase difference between adjacent signals is 90°. The feed source 400 is arranged on a side of the floor 300 away from the dielectric substrate 200, and the feed source 400 is arranged on a side of the floor 300 away from the dielectric substrate 200. 400 is connected to the feeding network 100, and is used to synthesize at least two feeding signals into a circularly polarized signal and emit a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave; the dielectric lens 500 is arranged on the floor 300 and covers the feed source 400, and the side of the dielectric lens 500 away from the floor 300 is the emission direction of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. The dielectric lens 500 is used to adjust the phase of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, and the field distribution on the aperture field of the dielectric lens 500 satisfies the near-field distribution of the aperture field of the dielectric lens 500, so as to realize circularly polarized equal-flux radiation beamforming.

[0031] Specifically, the feed network 100 is arranged on the dielectric substrate 200, and the feed network 100 has at least two feed ends, the dielectric substrate 200 is overlapped with the floor 300, and the area of ​​the dielectric substrate 200 is smaller than the area of ​​the floor 300, the feed source 400 is arranged on the side of the floor 300 away from the dielectric substrate 200, the dielectric substrate 200 and the floor 300 both have a through hole 201 for the feed end to pass through, the feed end is electrically connected to the feed source 400, and the feed source 400 can synthesize the feed signals of at least two feed ends into a circularly polarized signal and emit a corresponding circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. The dielectric lens 500 is covered on the feed source 400, and the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source 400 can be regulated, and the field distribution on the aperture field of the dielectric lens 500 satisfies the corresponding near-field distribution to achieve circularly polarized equal flux radiation beamforming.

[0032] When working, the above-mentioned feeding network 100 can divide the received signal or the input signal into at least two signals; at least two signals are fed into the feed source 400 through the dielectric substrate 200 using the ordered feeding technology, and the feed source 400 synthesizes at least two feeding signals into a circularly polarized signal and emits a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. Finally, the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave is regulated by the dielectric lens 500, and the field distribution on the aperture field of the dielectric lens 500 satisfies the corresponding near-field distribution to achieve circularly polarized equal-flux radiation beamforming.

[0033] Specifically, the dielectric lens 500 includes a cylindrical base 510 and a hemispherical dielectric body 520 connected to the base 510. One end of the base 510 away from the dielectric body 520 abuts against the floor 300, and a notch 530 is formed on the side of the dielectric body 520 away from the base 510. In this embodiment, the base 510 is hollow inside, and the feed source 400 is located at the bottom of the base 510. The dielectric lens 500 can adjust the phase of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, and the field distribution on the aperture field of the dielectric lens 500 satisfies the corresponding near-field distribution to achieve circularly polarized equal-flux radiation beamforming. Furthermore, the diameter of the seat body 510 is 1.45 wavelengths of the antenna operating frequency, and the height is between 0.5 wavelengths and 1.0 wavelengths of the antenna operating frequency. The ratio of the seat body height to the depth of the recess is between 0.7 and 1.1. The diameter of the dielectric body 520 is 1.45 wavelengths of the antenna operating frequency, and the height is 0.54 wavelengths of the antenna operating frequency.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, the dielectric lens 500 is made of thermoplastic medium such as polytetrafluoroethylene. The corresponding dielectric size of the dielectric lens 500 will change with the change of dielectric constants of different media.

[0035] Further, the feed source 400 includes an antenna unit 410 and an annular metal structure 420 arranged around the antenna unit 410. The antenna unit 410 is located in the middle of the annular metal structure 420 to prevent the feed signal from overflowing and to prevent external signal interference. Further, the antenna unit 410 is a patch antenna or a horn antenna.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding network 100 in the circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna of one embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, the feeding network 100 is a one-to-four network composed of Wilkins power dividers, which is used to divide the received signal into four equal parts. Specifically, the feeding network 100 includes an input terminal 110, a first feeding terminal 121, a second feeding terminal 122, a third feeding terminal 123, a fourth feeding terminal 124 and a transmission network 130, and the input terminal 110 is connected to the first feeding terminal 121, the second feeding terminal 122, the third feeding terminal 123 and the fourth feeding terminal 124 respectively through the transmission network 130. The phases of the signals in the first feeding terminal 121, the second feeding terminal 122, the third feeding terminal 123 and the fourth feeding terminal 124 differ by 90 degrees. Each feeding terminal is electrically connected to the antenna unit 400 through a metal column.

[0037] The dielectric substrate 200 is a Rogers board RO4003.

[0038] In order to more clearly describe the solution of this embodiment, the following is combined with the accompanying drawings Figures 5 to 8 The test performance of the circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna is further explained.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 is the performance curve of the circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna of the present invention, Figure 5 It can be seen that the s11 of the circularly polarized isoflux antenna of this scheme is better than -15dB in the range of 4.5 to 6.5GHz. Figure 6 , Figure 6 is the right-hand polarization curve of the circularly polarized equal-flux radiating antenna of the present invention, Figure 6 It can be seen that the circularly polarized isoflux antenna of this scheme achieves isoflux beam coverage within a range of 68 degrees, with a marginal maximum gain of 6.72dB and a sidelobe less than -15dB. Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 is the left-hand polarization curve of the circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna of the present invention, Figure 7 It can be seen that the circularly polarized isoflux antenna of this scheme has a left-hand circularly polarized wave of less than -25dB within the range of 150 degrees. Figure 8 , Figure 8 is the axial ratio curve of the circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna of the present invention, Figure 8 It can be seen that the circularly polarized equal flux antenna of this scheme has an axial ratio of less than 3dB within the range of 145 degrees.

[0040] In summary, in this scheme, the signal is fed through the feeding network 100 and divided into four equal parts, and the phase difference of each feeding signal is 90 degrees. Then the feeding signal is fed into the feed source 400 in an orderly feeding manner, and then the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source 400 is regulated by the dielectric lens 500 to achieve the regulation of the radiation phase plane, thereby achieving circular polarization equal flux beamforming. The antenna has a simple structure, good beamforming performance, obvious out-of-beam suppression, an equal flux beam width of 68 degrees, and a 3dB axial ratio coverage range of 145 degrees. It can work at the C-band frequency and can be easily designed and applied in other working frequency bands.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the wireless communication system includes a circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna. The specific structure of the circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna is referred to the above embodiment, which will not be described here. Since the wireless communication system of this solution applies the above circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna, it has all the advantages and effects of the circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical solution of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna, characterized in that: The circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna comprises: a feeding network, a dielectric substrate, a floor, a feeding source and a dielectric lens, wherein the dielectric substrate is stacked with the floor, the feeding network is arranged on a side of the dielectric substrate away from the floor, and is used to evenly divide the received signal into at least two signals and perform orderly feeding, and the phase difference between adjacent signals is 90°; the feeding source is arranged on a side of the floor away from the dielectric substrate, and the feeding source is connected to the feeding network, and is used to synthesize at least two feeding signals into a circularly polarized signal and emit a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave; the dielectric lens The dielectric lens is arranged on the floor and covers the feed source. The side of the dielectric lens away from the floor is the emission direction of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. The dielectric lens is used to adjust the phase of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. The field distribution on the aperture field of the dielectric lens satisfies the corresponding near-field distribution to achieve circularly polarized equal-flux radiation beamforming. The dielectric lens includes a cylindrical base body and a hemispherical dielectric body connected to the base body. One end of the base body away from the dielectric body abuts against the floor, and a recess is formed on the side of the dielectric body away from the base body.

2. The circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the seat body is 1.45 wavelengths of the antenna operating frequency, and the height is between 0.5 wavelengths and 1.0 wavelengths of the antenna operating frequency. The ratio of the height of the seat body to the depth of the recess is between 0.7 and 1.

1. The diameter of the dielectric body is 1.45 wavelengths of the antenna operating frequency, and the height is 0.54 wavelengths of the antenna operating frequency.

3. The circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The material of the dielectric lens is polytetrafluoroethylene.

4. The circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed source includes an antenna unit and an annular metal structure arranged around the antenna unit.

5. The circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The antenna unit is a patch antenna or a horn antenna.

6. The circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding network is a one-to-four network composed of Wilkins power dividers, which is used to divide the received signal into four equal parts.

7. The circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate is a Rogers board.

8. A wireless communication system, characterized in that: The wireless communication system comprises the circularly polarized equal flux radiating antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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