Electric motor stator hairpin winding

Abstract

A stator (1) for an electric machine (100), comprising: - a plurality of pins (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27) arranged in slots (51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56) in the stator, on concentric circles at different distances from a center point (M) of the stator, and each concentric circle forming a layer (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6); - wherein every six pins (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27) in different layers (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6) are connected in series with each other and form a winding (41), - a first pin (21) of the winding (41) is located in a first slot (51) in the 6n-4 layer (L2), where n is a natural number; - a second pin (22) of the winding (41) is located in a second slot (52) in the 6n-5 layer (L1), where the second slot (52) is at a first radial distance (71) from the first slot (51) in a first circumferential direction of the stator (1); - a third pin (23) of the winding (41) is located in a first slot (51) in the 6n-2 layer (L4); - a fourth pin (24) of the winding (41) is located in a second slot (52) in the 6n-3 layer (L3); - a fifth pin (25) is located in a first slot (51) in the 6n layer (L6); - a sixth pin (26) of the winding (41) is located in a second slot (52) in the 6n-1 layer (L5).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a stator with pins for use in electric motors, especially electric motors. Background Technology

[0002] Electric motors are well-known and are increasingly used as electric motors to drive vehicles. An electric motor consists of a stator and a rotor.

[0003] The stator comprises multiple slots in which the windings are guided. The windings can be formed from insulated copper rods in the form of pins. The rotor is located within the stator and is connected to the rotor shaft.

[0004] For example, such pin motors, U-pin motors, or hairpin motors are known from US9136738B2. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The subject of this invention is to provide a stator having a winding composed of pins and being easy to manufacture.

[0006] According to the present invention, the stator for an electric motor includes a plurality of pins arranged in slots in the stator on concentric circles at different distances from the center point of the stator, and each concentric circle forms a layer, wherein six pins in different layers are connected in series with each other to form a winding. The first pin of the winding is located in the first slot of the 6n-4 layer, where n is a natural number greater than zero; the second pin of the winding is located in the second slot of the 6n-5 layer, wherein the second slot is a first radial distance away from the first slot in the first circumferential direction of the stator; the third pin of the winding is located in the first slot of the 6n-2 layer; the fourth pin of the winding is located in the second slot of the 6n-3 layer; the fifth pin is located in the first slot of the 6n layer; and the sixth pin of the winding is located in the second slot of the 6n-1 layer.

[0007] In this respect, the windings can also wrap around the teeth multiple times. These layers can be numbered in ascending order from the outside to the inside relative to the stator center point.

[0008] Stator with windings according to the invention can be readily manufactured and generates an effective electromagnetic field. These types of connections create a conductive connection between pins in the slots. This type of connection can be achieved by welding conductors to the pins, or the pins can already be in the form of double pins, i.e., so-called U-pins, thus forming a connection upon insertion into the stator. Furthermore, welding the ends of pins bent towards each other together also constitutes a type of connection.

[0009] Preferably, the stator may have first and second front ends, and the first and second pins may be connected to each other at the second front ends by a first type of connection, the second and third pins may be connected to each other at the first front ends by a second type of connection, the third and fourth pins may be connected to each other at the second front ends by a third type of connection, the fourth and fifth pins may be connected to each other at the first front ends by a fourth type of connection, and the fifth and sixth pins may be connected to each other at the second front ends by a fifth type of connection, wherein the first, second, third, fourth and fifth type connections are different from each other.

[0010] Different types of connections enable improved manufacturing. The alternating positions of these types of connections on different front ends allow for the efficient formation of windings around the stator teeth located between the slots.

[0011] Because the pins bend in different directions relative to the inside or outside of the stator, these types of connections on the same front end of the stator may also be different.

[0012] In one embodiment of the invention, the stator may have at least two windings, and at least a sixth pin in the second slot may be connected to a seventh pin in the 6n-4 layers of the third slot via a sixth type connection.

[0013] Combinations of the above connection types on different or the same front ends of the stator are also possible. The same type of connection on the same front end of the stator and different types of connections on different front ends make easy and rapid manufacturing possible. For example, on one front end, a connection is created by a pre-bent pin, called a double pin or U-pin, while on another front end of the stator, the sides of a single pin or double pin are welded to each other. The weld points may be located at the feet of the pins or double pins.

[0014] Furthermore, preferably, the stator may include a plurality of windings that extend over the entire circumference of the stator to form a coil portion.

[0015] This means that the windings are symmetrical, thus producing a uniform rotating field.

[0016] In another embodiment, the corresponding pins of the three coil portions can be connected to each other by a seventh type connection or an eighth type connection to form a coil.

[0017] These pins can be called end pins because they mark the end of the coil section.

[0018] Preferably, the coil section can form six coils, and three phases are assigned to them, such that two coils assigned to the same phase are located in three adjacent slots respectively.

[0019] Furthermore, the corresponding inputs of the end pins of the two coils can be connected to each other via a type 9 connection.

[0020] Type 9 connections can be created by a conductor connected to a pin or by a conductive ring.

[0021] The two coils can be connected in parallel and can be fed by the same phase. The parallel connection can be achieved by connecting the first and fifth or fourth and eighth pins in pairs.

[0022] The two coils can be connected in parallel and can be fed by the same phase.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the corresponding outputs of the end pins of the two coils can be connected to each other, and the two coils can therefore be connected in parallel, particularly assigned to one phase.

[0024] Furthermore, the two phases may each have approximately the same current and voltage curves, and therefore the six-phase inverter only controls a three-phase motor. This arrangement makes current distribution among the switching elements in the inverter possible.

[0025] Therefore, two coils in the same slot can be connected in parallel and fed by one phase, thus producing a stator with windings for a three-phase motor.

[0026] Preferably, the second type of connection may include a first double pin formed by a second pin and a third pin, wherein the first double pin has two inwardly bent pin feet with corresponding weld points and bridges a first radial distance.

[0027] A double pin can be inserted into the stator from one front end and soldered to another double pin at the other front end.

[0028] In one embodiment of the invention, the fourth type of connection may include a second double pin formed by a fourth pin and a fifth pin, wherein the second double pin has two inwardly bent pin feet with corresponding weld points and bridges a first radial distance.

[0029] The first distance describes the number of slots to be bridged. The actual spatial distance to be bridged depends on the position of the pins in the layers, since double pins connect different layers.

[0030] Preferably, the sixth type connection may include a third double pin formed by a sixth pin and a seventh pin, wherein the second double pin has two outwardly bent pin feet with corresponding weld points and bridges the first radial distance.

[0031] Furthermore, preferably, the seventh type of connection may include a fourth double pin formed by a second end pin and a third end pin, wherein the fourth double pin has two outwardly bent pin feet with corresponding weld points and bridges the second radial distance.

[0032] The second radial distance can be at least one groove shorter than the first radial distance.

[0033] In another embodiment of the invention, the eighth type connection may include a fifth double pin formed by a sixth end pin and a seventh end pin, wherein the fifth double pin has two inwardly bent pin feet with corresponding weld points and bridges a second radial distance.

[0034] In another embodiment, the first single pin may include a first end pin and have a pin foot that is bent clockwise and has a weld point.

[0035] Preferably, the second pin may include a fifth end pin and has a pin foot that is bent counterclockwise and has a weld point.

[0036] Furthermore, preferably, the third single pin includes a fourth end pin and has a pin foot that is bent counterclockwise and has a weld point.

[0037] In another embodiment, the fourth pin may include an eighth end pin and has a pin foot that is bent clockwise and has a weld point.

[0038] Preferably, the first type of connection can be formed by a welded connection between a first weld point at the pin foot of a first double pin, a fifth double pin, or a second single pin, and a second weld point at the pin foot of a third double pin, a fourth double pin, or a first single pin.

[0039] In another embodiment, the third type of connection may be formed by a welded connection between a third welding point at the pin foot of the first double pin or the fifth double pin and a fourth welding point at the pin foot of the second double pin or the third single pin.

[0040] Preferably, the fifth type of connection can be formed by a welded connection between a fifth welding point at the pin foot of the second double pin or the fourth single pin and a sixth welding point at the pin foot of the third double pin, the fourth double pin, or the fourth single pin.

[0041] According to the present invention, the vehicle includes an electric motor having a stator according to one of the preferred embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 The stator is shown.

[0043] Figure 2 A stator with six slots and six layers is shown.

[0044] Figure 3 The winding pattern of the first coil section is shown.

[0045] Figure 4 The winding pattern of the second coil section is shown.

[0046] Figure 5 The winding pattern of the third coil section is shown.

[0047] Figure 6A stator with three coil sections is shown, along with the connections between the coil sections and each other, thus forming the first coil.

[0048] Figure 7 The winding pattern of another first coil section is shown.

[0049] Figure 8 The stator is shown with three additional coil sections and the connections between these coil sections, thus forming a second coil.

[0050] Figure 9 A stator with two coils is shown, comprising three corresponding coil sections.

[0051] Figure 10 A stator with two additional coils is shown.

[0052] Figure 11 A stator with two additional coils is shown.

[0053] Figure 12 A stator with six coils is shown.

[0054] Figure 13 The first and second single pins are shown.

[0055] Figure 14 The third and fourth single pins are shown.

[0056] Figure 15 The first double pin is shown.

[0057] Figure 16 The second double pin is shown.

[0058] Figure 17 The third double pin is shown.

[0059] Figure 18 The fourth double pin is shown.

[0060] Figure 19 The fifth double pin is shown.

[0061] Figure 20 The winding pattern of the first coil is shown.

[0062] Figure 21 The winding pattern of the second coil is shown.

[0063] Figure 22 A vehicle with an electric motor, particularly an electric motor, is shown, which has a stator with an interface. Detailed Implementation

[0064] Figure 1A stator 1 with multiple slots 5 is shown, in which pins 2 and 3 are guided. The stator 1 has a first front end 7 and a second front end 9 disposed opposite to it. On the first front end 7, inputs 81, 87, 101, 107, 111, and 117 of the coil section are shown, used to connect the pins to the energy source for motor operation. Of course, the rotor is also necessary for motor operation. For connection purposes, the pins are close to each other, allowing for short connecting wires.

[0065] Figure 2 A stator 1 with slots and pins on six layers is shown, with only six slots 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, and 56 shown. Pins 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27 are arranged in the slots. The pins are adjacent to each other in the slots; Figure 2 In the example, the six pins are adjacent to each other in the slots. Therefore, the six pins in one slot lie on different concentric circles L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6 around the stator center point M, and these circles thus form separate layers. There is a distance 71 between the two corresponding slots. This distance 71... Figure 2 All the slots shown are the same.

[0066] Figure 3 It shows Figure 2 Stator 1. The pins are still arranged on concentric circles, that is, on layers. For better illustration, the concentric circles are not depicted. Figure 3 The diagram shows which pins are connected in series. The first pin 21 is located in the first slot 51 of layer L2. This first pin 21 is connected to the second pin 22 in the second slot 52 via a first-type connection 61, as shown by the solid line. The second pin 22 is located in layer L1. The second pin 22 is connected to the third pin 23 in the first slot 51 via a second-type connection 62, as shown by the dashed line. The third pin 23 is also located in the first slot 51, that is, in the same slot as the first pin 21. However, the third pin 23 is located in layer L4. Therefore, there is still space in layer L3 between the first pin 21 and the third pin 23 in the first slot 51 for another pin.

[0067] The third pin 23 is connected to the fourth pin 24 via a third-type connection 63, as shown by the long-pitched dashed lines. The fourth pin 24 is located in the same second slot 52 as the second pin 22. The fourth pin 24 is located in layer L3. Therefore, there is still space in the second slot 52 for another pin in layer L2 between the fourth pin 24 and the second pin 22.

[0068] The fourth pin 24 is connected to the fifth pin 25 in the first slot 51 via a fourth type connection 64, as shown by the long-pitched dashed lines. The fifth pin 25 is also located in the first slot 51, that is, in the same slot as the first pin 21 and the third pin 23. The fifth pin 25 is located in layer L6. Therefore, there is still space in layer L5 between the third pin 23 and the fifth pin 25 in the first slot 51 for another pin.

[0069] The fifth pin 25 is connected to the sixth pin 26 via a fifth type connection 65, as shown by the ultra-short pitch dashed line. The sixth pin 26 is located in the same slot 52 as the second pin 22 and the fourth pin 24. The sixth pin 26 is located in layer L5. Therefore, there is still space in the second slot 52 for another pin in layer 4 between the fourth pin 24 and the sixth pin 26. The connection of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth pins forms the first winding 41.

[0070] The sixth pin 26 is connected to the seventh pin 27 in the L2 layer of the third slot 53 via a sixth type connection 66, as shown by the short-pitched dashed lines. For the seventh pin 27, the above-mentioned series connection of the subsequent pins in the stator begins again, and the seventh pin 27 is similar to the first pin 21, but the slot is offset by 120 degrees.

[0071] The seventh pin 27 is connected in series with the other pins in the other two slots 53 and 54 to form the second winding 42. The first, second, third, fourth and fifth type connections 61, 62, 63, 64 and 65 between these pins are the same as the first, second, third, fourth and fifth type connections 61, 62, 63, 64 and 65 of the pins of the first winding 41.

[0072] Two windings 41 and 42 are connected by a sixth-type connection 66. The series connection continues in two additional slots 55 and 56 to form a third winding 43. Windings 41, 42, and 43 are each connected by a sixth-type connection 66. Therefore, the sixth-type connections 66 between each winding are identical. Also, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth-type connections 61, 62, 63, 64, and 65 between the pins of winding 43 are identical to the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth-type connections 61, 62, 63, 64, and 65 of the first and second windings 41 and 42.

[0073] Three windings 41, 42, and 43 form a first coil portion through a clockwise loop around stator 1. The first pin 21 also has an input 81 for connecting an energy source. Therefore, the first pin 21 of winding 41 constitutes a first end pin. The coil portion terminates at pin 28 of winding 43. Therefore, the last pin 28 of winding 43 constitutes a second end pin.

[0074] Figure 4 It shows Figure 3The stator 1 is shown, and six slots 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, and 96 are shown, which are located in Figure 3 The groove is right next to it.

[0075] Sales numbers 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, and 38 are related to... Figure 3 Pins 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, and 28 are connected in the same way. Even this type of connection is similar to... Figure 3 Same as, and indicated by the same reference numerals. With Figure 3 In the same manner, windings 44, 45, and 46 are formed and connected to each other clockwise via a sixth type of connection 66.

[0076] The three windings 44, 45, and 46 form a second coil section through a clockwise loop around stator 1. The coil section begins at 31, which is the third end pin. The coil section terminates at pin 38 of winding 46. Therefore, the last pin 38 of winding 43 constitutes another second end pin.

[0077] Figure 5 Showing from Figure 3 and Figure 4 The stator 1 is shown, and six slots 51a, 52a, 53a, 54a, 55a, and 56a are shown, which are located in Figure 4 The immediate vicinity of the groove.

[0078] Selling 21a, 22a, 23a, 24a, 25a, 26a, 27a, 28a and... Figure 3 Sales numbers 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 and Figure 4 Pins 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, and 38 are connected in the same way. Even this type of connection is similar to... Figure 3 and Figure 4 They are the same and are represented by the same reference numerals. (In contrast to...) Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the same manner, windings 47, 48, and 49 are formed and connected to each other clockwise via a sixth type connection 66. The last pin 28a in slot 56a on layer L5 of winding 49 is the fourth end pin and has an output 83 for connecting energy. The three windings 47, 48, and 49 form a third coil section through a clockwise loop around stator 1. Pin 21a is the starting point of the coil section and constitutes another third end pin. The coil section terminates at pin 28a of winding 49. Figure 5 The slots shown are spaced 71 apart from each other.

[0079] Figure 6 It shows crossing Figure 3 , 4The pin configurations of the first, second, and third coil portions in section 5 are shown by black squares. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same pins, slots, and connections. The sixth pin 28 (also the second end pin) of the winding 43 of the first coil portion in slot 56, layer L5, and the first pin 31 (also the third end pin) of the first winding 44 of the second coil portion in slot 91, layer L2, are connected by a seventh-type connection 67.

[0080] The sixth pin 38 (also the second end pin) of the winding 46 of the second coil portion in slot 96, layer L5 and the first pin 21a (also the third end pin) of the first winding 47 of the third coil portion in slot 51a, layer L2 are connected by a seventh type connection 67.

[0081] Therefore, the seventh type connection 67 connects the second end pins 28, 38 to the third end pins 21a, 31.

[0082] Therefore, the three coil sections form a first coil 201 with input 81 and output 83 after three radial clockwise loops around the stator. The second distance 75 shown in the figure is one slot shorter than the first distance 71 in the previous figure. Furthermore, a third distance 73 between the coil slots is shown. This is two slots shorter than the first distance 71 and one slot shorter than the second distance.

[0083] Figure 7 It shows Figure 2 Stator 1. The pins are still arranged on concentric circles, that is, on layers. For better illustration, the concentric circles are not depicted. The pins are shown as black squares on a white background, connected in series to form the first coil portion of the second coil 202. The fifth end pin 21c is located in the first slot 51 in layer L1. This fifth end pin 21c is connected to the seventh pin 27b in the sixth slot 56 via a first type connection 61. The seventh pin 27b is located in layer L2. The seventh pin 27b is connected to the sixth pin 26b in layer L5 in the fifth slot 55 via a sixth type connection 66.

[0084] The sixth pin 26b is connected to the fifth pin 25b in layer L6 of the fourth slot 54 via a fifth type connection 65. The fifth pin 25b is connected to the fourth pin 24b in the fifth slot 55 via a fourth type connection 64. The fourth pin 24b is also located in the fifth slot 55, that is, in the same slot as the sixth pin 26b. The fourth pin 24b is located in layer L3. Therefore, there is still space in layer L4 between the sixth pin 26b and the fourth pin 24b in slot 55 for another pin.

[0085] The fourth pin 24b is connected to the third pin 23b via a third-type connection 63. The third pin 23b is located in the same slot 54 as the fifth pin 25b. The third pin 23b is located in layer L4. Therefore, in layer L5 between the fifth pin 25b and the third pin 23b, there is still space in slot 54 for another pin.

[0086] The third pin 23b is connected to the second pin 22b via a second-type connection 62. The second pin 22b is located in the same slot 55 as the fourth pin 24b and the sixth pin 26b. The second pin 22b is located in layer L1. Therefore, in layer L2 between the fourth pin 24b and the second pin 22b, there is still space in slot 55 for another pin.

[0087] The second pin 22b is connected to another seventh pin 27b2 via a first-type connection 61. This seventh pin 27b2 is located in the same slot 54 as the third pin 23b. The seventh pin 27b2 is located in layer L2. Therefore, in layer L3 between the third pin 23b and the seventh pin 27b, there is still space in slot 54 for another pin. The two seventh pins 27b and 27b2 are located in the same layer, but in slots rotated 120 degrees.

[0088] The first winding 41b of the first coil portion of the second coil 202 is formed by the connection of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth pins of this type.

[0089] The seventh pin 27b2 in the fourth slot 54 is connected in series with the other pins in the third and second slots 53 and 52 to form the second winding 42b. The first, second, third, fourth and fifth type connections 61, 62, 63, 64 and 65 between these pins are the same as the first, second, third, fourth and fifth type connections 61, 62, 63, 64 and 65 of the pins in the previous figure.

[0090] The two windings 41b and 42b are connected by a sixth type connection 66. Initially, the third winding 43b begins with the fifth end pin 21c and is completed by continuing to connect in series in the first and sixth slots 51 and 56 after a counterclockwise loop around the stator.

[0091] Windings 41b, 42b, and 43b are connected by a sixth-type connection 66. Therefore, the sixth-type connections 66 between each winding are identical. Similarly, the first, third, fourth, and fifth-type connections 61, 63, 64, and 65 between the pins of winding 43b are identical to the first, third, fourth, and fifth-type connections 61, 63, 64, and 65 of the first and second windings 41b and 42b. There is no second-type connection 62 in winding 43b.

[0092] Three windings 41b, 42b, and 43b form the first coil portion of the second coil 202 through a counterclockwise loop around stator 1. The fifth terminal pin 21c also has an input 87 for connecting an energy source. The first coil portion of the second coil terminates at the sixth terminal pin 28b of winding 43b.

[0093] Figure 8 It shows crossing Figure 7 The pin structure of the first coil portion of the second coil, and according to Figure 7 and 21 The pins of the other two coil sections are connected in a pattern where the slot edge rotates counterclockwise directly with the pin. Figure 7 The slots are adjacent.

[0094] The first, second, and third coil portions of the second coil are shown by black double squares. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same pins, slots, and connections. The sixth end pin 28b of the winding 43b of the first coil portion of the second coil in slot 56, layer L4, and the seventh end pin 31b of the first winding of the second coil portion of the second coil in slot 91 of layer L1 are connected by an eighth-type connection 68. The sixth end pin 38b of the first winding of the second coil portion of the second coil in slot 96, layer L4, and the seventh end pin 21b of the first winding of the third coil portion of the second coil in slot 51a, layer L1, are connected by an eighth-type connection 68.

[0095] Therefore, the three coil sections form a second coil 202 with input 87 and output 85 after three radial counterclockwise loops around the stator. The eighth end pin 28c also has an output 85 for connecting a power source.

[0096] Figure 9 It shows crossing Figure 6 The pin configuration of the first coil 201 is shown by a black square. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same pins, slots, and connections. Furthermore, Figure 8 The second coil 202 is shown as a black square on a white background and is located in the same slot but in a different layer. The coil portions of the two coils are connected by a seventh type connection 67 (first coil) or an eighth type connection 68 (second coil).

[0097] Therefore, two parallel coils are shown, each consisting of three coil sections. The inputs and outputs of the coils are also shown. The input 81 of the first coil is located in slot 51, and the output 83 is located in slot 56a. Similarly, the input 87 of the second coil is located in slot 51, and the output 85 is located in slot 56a. Thus, the inputs and outputs of both coils are located in the same corresponding slots.

[0098] Figure 10The pin configuration passing through the third and fourth coils is shown, with black squares having white dots and white squares having black dots. This is by... Figure 3 , 4 The winding pattern established in steps 5 and 7 results in a winding pattern that, compared to the pins and connections of the coil section shown in later diagrams, is offset counterclockwise by two slots in each case. It should be noted that... Figure 7 Corresponding to Figure 3 However, it has an offset layer and a counter-clockwise connection loop. The input 101 and output 103 of the third coil and the input 107 and output 105 of the fourth coil are also shown. Therefore, the inputs and outputs of the two coils are located in the same corresponding slots.

[0099] Figure 11 The pin configuration passing through the fifth and sixth coils is shown, with black squares having white crosses and white squares having black crosses. This is achieved through... Figure 3 , 4 The winding pattern established in steps 5 and 7 results in a winding pattern that is offset counterclockwise by five slots compared to the pins and connections of the coil section shown in the later diagrams. It should be noted that... Figure 7 Corresponding to Figure 3 However, it has an offset layer and a counterclockwise connection loop. The input 111 and output 113 of the fifth coil and the input 117 and output 115 of the sixth coil are also shown. Therefore, the inputs and outputs of both coils are located in the same corresponding slots.

[0100] Figure 12 It was shown as Figure 10 , 11 The pin configuration, consisting of 12 and 12, passes through six coils. It is evident from the positions of inputs 81, 87, 101, 107, 111, 117 and outputs 83, 85, 103, 105, 113, 115, that the coils can be interconnected within 18 slots. In the case of the illustrated 54-slot stator, the inputs and outputs can therefore be interconnected within one-third of the stator circumference. Purely in terms of inputs or outputs, independent loops within seven slots are possible.

[0101] On the left side, Figure 13 A first single pin 216, also known as an I-pin, is shown. A first end pin 21 is located at the center and is arranged, for example, in the first slot 51, L2 layer of the stator. The reference numerals are the same as in the previous figures. Viewed from the center point of the stator, the first single pin 216 is shown with the first front end 7 facing upwards. At the bottom end, the first single pin 216 has a pin foot 61a with a second welding point 223. Inputs 81, 101, and 111 are located at the top.

[0102] Figure 13The second single pin 217 is shown on the right side. The fifth end pin 21c is located at the center and is arranged, for example, in the first slot 51, L1 layer of the stator. The reference numerals are the same as in the previous figure. From the perspective of the center point of the stator, the pin is shown with the first front end 7 facing upward. At the bottom end, the second single pin 217 has a pin foot 61b with a first weld point 221. Inputs 87, 107, and 117 are located at the top.

[0103] On the left side, Figure 14 The third single pin 218, also known as the I-pin, is shown. The eighth end pin 28c is located at the center and is arranged, for example, in the slot 56a or layer L4 of the stator. The reference numerals are the same as in the previous figures. Viewed from the center point of the stator, the single pin is shown with the first front end 7 facing upwards. At the bottom, the third single pin 218 has a pin foot 63b with a fourth weld point 227. Outputs 83, 103, and 113 are located at the top.

[0104] Figure 14 The right side shows the fourth single pin 219. The fourth end pin 28a is located at the center and is arranged, for example, in the slot 56a of the stator, layer L5. The reference numerals are the same as in the previous figure. From the perspective of the center point of the stator, the pin is shown with the first front end 7 facing upward. At the bottom end, the fourth single pin 219 has a pin foot 65a with a fifth welding point 231. Outputs 85, 105, and 115 are located at the top.

[0105] Figure 15 A first double pin 211 or U-pin is shown, which establishes a second type of connection 62 between the second pins 22, 32, 22a and the third pins 23, 33, 23a. The double pin 211 can bridge a first distance 71 between the slots. At the bottom end, the double pin has two inwardly bent pin feet 63a, 61b with a third weld point 225 and a first weld point 221.

[0106] Figure 16 A second double pin 212 or U-shaped pin is shown, which establishes a fourth type of connection 64 between the fifth pins 25, 35, 25a and the fourth pins 24, 34, 24a. The double pin 211 can bridge the first distance 71 between the slots. At the bottom end, the double pin has two inwardly bent pin feet 65a, 63b with a fifth weld point 231 and a fourth weld point 227.

[0107] Figure 17 A third double pin 213 or U-pin is shown, which establishes a sixth type connection 66 between the sixth pins 26, 36, 26a and the seventh pins 27, 37, 27a. The third double pin (213) can bridge the first distance 71 between the slots. At the bottom end, the double pin has two outwardly bent pin feet 65b, 61a with a sixth welding point 233 and a second welding point 223.

[0108] The first distance 71 is the same only in terms of the number of slots to be bridged. The actual spatial distance to be bridged is different because the double pins connect different layers.

[0109] Figure 18 A fourth double pin 214, or U-pin, is shown, which establishes a seventh type connection 67 between the second end pins 28, 38 and the third end pins 31, 21a. Therefore, the fourth double pin 214 can bridge a second distance 75 that is one slot smaller than the first distance 71. At the bottom end, the fourth double pin 214 has two outwardly bent pin feet 65b, 61a with a sixth weld point 233 and a second weld point 223.

[0110] Figure 19 A fifth double pin 215, or U-pin, is shown, which establishes an eighth type connection 68 between the sixth end pins 28b, 38b and the seventh end pins 31b, 21b. Therefore, the fifth double pin 215 can bridge a second distance 75 that is one slot smaller than the first distance 71. At the bottom end, the fifth double pin 215 has two inwardly bent pin feet 63a, 61b with a third weld point 225 and a first weld point 221.

[0111] Figures 13 to 19 The various single and double pins in the connection have similar pin feet. The first type of connection 61 is formed by welding a first solder point 221 at pin foot 61a to a second solder point 223 at pin foot 61b according to a winding pattern. The third type of connection 63 is formed by welding a second solder point 225 at pin foot 63a to a fourth solder point 227 at pin foot 63b according to a winding pattern. The fifth type of connection 65 is formed by welding a fifth solder point 231 at pin foot 65a to a sixth solder point 233 at pin foot 65b according to a winding pattern. Corresponding types of connections also connect single pins to double pins, resulting in pins extending around the stator as continuous electrical conductors.

[0112] Figure 20 The winding pattern of the three coil sections of the first coil 201 is shown. The consecutive "slot numbers" are not reference numerals. Reference numerals with arrows pointing to the slots are the same as in the preceding figures and allow for comparison with those figures.

[0113] Figure 21 The winding pattern of the three coil sections of the second coil 202 is shown. The consecutive "slot numbers" are not reference numerals. Reference numerals with arrows pointing to the slots are the same as in the preceding figures and allow for comparison with those figures.

[0114] Figure 22This is a basic schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of vehicle 403, such as a hybrid vehicle or electric vehicle, including motor 401, particularly an electric motor, having an exemplary embodiment of a stator 1 for driving vehicle 403. Vehicle 403 may also include inverter 405, which supplies alternating current from a DC power source to motor 401.

[0115] List of reference numerals

[0116] 1. Stator

[0117] 2,3,22-38b Pin

[0118] 5,51-56a,91-96 slots

[0119] 7 First Front End

[0120] 9 Second Front End

[0121] 21 First end pin

[0122] 28,38 Second end pin

[0123] 31,21 Third end pin

[0124] 28 Fourth end pin

[0125] 21 Fifth end pin

[0126] 28b, 38b Sixth end pin

[0127] 21b, 31b Seventh end pin

[0128] 28c Eighth end pin

[0129] 41–49, 41b, 42b, 43b windings

[0130] 61 First type of connection

[0131] 62 Second type of connection

[0132] 63 Third type of connection

[0133] 64. Fourth type of connection

[0134] 65. Fifth type of connection

[0135] 66. The Sixth Type of Connection

[0136] 67. Seventh type of connection

[0137] 68. Eighth type of connection

[0138] 61a, 61b, 63a, 63b, 65a, 65b pins

[0139] 71 First Distance

[0140] 75 Second Distance

[0141] 73 Third Distance

[0142] 201 First Coil

[0143] 202 Second Coil

[0144] 211, 212, 213, 214, 215 Double sales

[0145] 216, 217, 218, 219 Single sales

[0146] Welding points 221, 223, 225, 227, 231, 233

[0147] 401 motor

[0148] Vehicle 403

[0149] 405 Inverter

[0150] L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6 layers

[0151] M Stator center point

Claims

1. A stator (1) for an electric motor (100), comprising: - Multiple pins (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27) are arranged in slots (51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56) in the stator, located on concentric circles at different distances from the center point (M) of the stator, and each concentric circle forms a layer (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6). - In this configuration, six pins (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27) in each of the different layers (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6) are connected in series to form a winding (41). - The first pin (21) of the winding (41) is located in the first slot (51) of the 6n-4 layer (L2), where n is a natural number; - The second pin (22) of the winding (41) is located in the second slot (52) in the 6n-5 layer (L1), wherein the second slot (52) is a first radial distance (71) from the first slot (51) in the first circumferential direction of the stator (1); - The third pin (23) of the winding (41) is located in the first slot (51) in the 6n-2 layer (L4); - The fourth pin (24) of the winding (41) is located in the second slot (52) in the 6n-3 layer (L3); - The fifth pin (25) is located in the first slot (51) in the 6n layer (L6); - The sixth pin (26) of the winding (41) is located in the second slot (52) in the 6n-1 layer (L5); The stator (1) has a first front end (7) and a second front end (9); and - The first pin (21) and the second pin (22) are connected to each other at the second front end by a first type of connection (61); - The second pin (22) and the third pin (23) are connected to each other at the first front end (7) by a second type of connection (62); - The third pin (23) and the fourth pin (24) are connected to each other at the second front end by a third type of connection (63); - The fourth pin (24) and the fifth pin (25) are connected to each other at the first front end (7) via a fourth type connection (64); - The fifth pin (25) and the sixth pin (26) are connected to each other at the second front end via a fifth type connection (65); Among them, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth types of connections are different from each other.

2. The stator (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The stator (1) has at least two windings (41, 42, 43), and the sixth pin (26) in at least the second slot (52, 54) is connected to the seventh pin (27) in the 6n-4 layer (L2) in the third slot (53, 55) via a sixth type connection (66).

3. The stator (1) according to claim 2, wherein, The stator (1) includes a plurality of windings (41, 42) that extend over the entire circumference of the stator (1) to form a coil portion.

4. The stator (1) according to claim 3, wherein, The corresponding pins of the three coil sections are connected to each other by a seventh type connection (67) or an eighth type connection (68) to form coils (201, 202).

5. The stator (1) according to claim 4, wherein, The coil portion forms six coils, and three phases are assigned to them such that two coils assigned to the same phase are respectively located in three adjacent slots (51-56, 91-96, 51a-56a).

6. The stator (1) according to claim 4, wherein, Each input (81, 101, 111, 87, 107, 117) of the end pins (21, 21a) of the two coils (201, 202) is connected to each other via a Type 9 connection.

7. The stator (1) according to claim 6, wherein, Each output (83, 103, 113, 85, 105, 115) of the end pins (28, 28c) of the two coils (201, 202) 6 is connected to each other, and the two coils (201, 202) are thus connected in parallel and specifically assigned to one phase.

8. The stator (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein, The second type of connection (62) includes a first double pin (211) formed by the second pin (22, 32) and the third pin (23, 33), wherein the first double pin (211) has two inwardly bent pin feet (61b, 63a) with corresponding weld points (221, 225) and bridges a first radial distance (71).

9. The stator (1) according to any one of claims 8, wherein, The fourth type of connection (64) includes a second double pin (212) formed by the fourth pin (24, 34) and the fifth pin (25, 35), wherein the second double pin (212) has two inwardly bent pin feet (63b, 65b) with corresponding weld points (227, 231) and bridges a first radial distance (71).

10. The stator (1) according to any one of claims 9, wherein, The sixth type connection (66) includes a third double pin (213) formed by the sixth pin (26, 36, 26a) and the seventh pin (27, 37, 27a), wherein the third double pin (213) has two outwardly bent pin feet (61a, 65b) with corresponding weld points (233, 223) and bridges the first radial distance (71).

11. The stator (1) according to any one of claims 10, wherein, The seventh type connection (67) includes a fourth double pin (214) formed by a second end pin (28, 38) and a third end pin (31, 21a), wherein the fourth double pin (214) has two outwardly bent pin feet (65b, 61a) with corresponding weld points (233, 223) and bridges a second radial distance (75).

12. The stator (1) according to claim 11, wherein, The eighth type connection (68) includes a fifth double pin (215) formed by a sixth end pin (28b, 38b) and a seventh end pin (31b, 21b), wherein the fifth double pin (215) has two inwardly bent pin feet (63a, 61b) with corresponding weld points (225, 221) and bridges a second radial distance (75).

13. The stator (1) according to any one of claims 12, wherein, The first single pin (216) includes a first end pin (21) and has a pin foot (61a) that is bent clockwise and has a weld point (223).

14. The stator (1) according to any one of claims 13, wherein, The second single pin (217) includes a fifth end pin (21c) and has a pin foot (61b) that is bent counterclockwise and has a weld point (221).

15. The stator (1) according to any one of claims 14, wherein, The third single pin (218) includes a fourth end pin (28a) and a pin foot (63b) that is bent counterclockwise and has a weld point (227).

16. The stator (1) according to any one of claims 15, wherein, The fourth single pin (219) includes the eighth end pin (28c) and has a pin foot (65a) that is bent clockwise and has a weld point (231).

17. The stator (1) according to claim 14, wherein, The first type of connection (61) is formed by a welded connection between a first weld point (221) at the pin foot (61b) of the first double pin (211) or the fifth double pin (215) or the second single pin (217) and a second weld point (223) at the pin foot (61a) of the third double pin (213) or the fourth double pin (214) or the first single pin (216).

18. The stator (1) according to claim 15, wherein, The third type of connection (63) is formed by a welded connection between the third weld point (225) at the pin foot (63a) of the first double pin (211) or the fifth double pin (215) and the fourth weld point (227) at the pin foot (63b) of the second double pin (212) or the third single pin (218).

19. The stator (1) according to claim 16, wherein, The fifth type of connection (65) is formed by a welded connection between the fifth weld point (231) at the pin foot (65a) of the second double pin (212) or the fourth single pin (219) and the sixth weld point (233) at the pin foot (65b) of the third double pin (213) or the fourth double pin (214) or the fourth single pin (219).

20. A vehicle (403) comprising an electric motor (401) having a stator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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