A plugging device and plugging method for short wall filling mining

Abstract

A sealing device and method for short-wall filling mining, comprising: a baffle trough including a straight section and an inclined section, connected to a traction machine via a jack; multiple baffles disposed in the baffle trough; and anchor rods mounted on the baffles and the baffle trough. Method: leveling the entire cross-section of the filling surface; connecting the baffle trough to the traction machine; assembling the baffles and anchor rods; pushing the baffle trough to the opening of the filling short wall; grouting and filling; stopping filling when the grouting reaches a predetermined height on the first filling surface, disengaging the traction machine from the baffle trough after solidification, and performing sealing on the second filling surface; filling the second filling surface, and performing a second-stage filling on the first filling surface; stopping filling when the grouting reaches a predetermined height on the second filling surface, disengaging the traction machine from the baffle trough after solidification, and performing sealing on the third filling surface; filling the third filling surface, and performing a third-stage sealing on the first filling surface, and a second-stage sealing on the second filling surface. The device and method can efficiently and continuously perform the sealing operation of the filling surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine filling mining, and in particular to a plugging device and a plugging method for short-wall filling mining. Background Art

[0002] Currently, a large amount of mineral resources in my country are located beneath railways, buildings, and bodies of water. With the increasing demand for coal resource development, the problem of "underground mining" ("three-underground mining") has become increasingly prominent and has become a major constraint on coal development. During the "underground mining" process, rock strata movement, surface subsidence, and damage to surface structures and the ecological environment are significant. Currently, backfill mining has become an effective technical approach to addressing the range of issues caused by "underground mining" and has played a key role. Short-wall paste backfill technology, among other things, increases coal resource recovery efficiency and effectively reduces coal gangue emissions. It also limits rock strata movement and surface subsidence to a certain extent, effectively reducing damage to surface structures and the ecological environment.

[0003] In the short-wall paste filling mining process, the filling material used is a mixed slurry of cement, gangue and water. When a working face is mined, the mixed slurry is immediately injected from the upper mouth of the short wall to start filling. In the early stage of filling, the mixed slurry has strong fluidity. In order to prevent the slurry from flowing out of the short wall to the tunnel through the lower mouth of the short wall, affecting the filling effect and normal safe production work, it is necessary to perform a blocking operation at the lower mouth of the short wall. However, the traditional method usually uses wooden boards for blocking, or steel plates combined with single hydraulic pillars for blocking. This process requires a series of complex manual operations to form a set of temporary blocking devices. This method not only has low blocking efficiency, but also lacks stability and poor reliability. Repeated blocking often occurs. In addition, this method has a large labor load, especially when repeated blocking operations occur, which will greatly increase the labor intensity of workers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a short-wall filling mining plugging device and a plugging method. The device has good stability and high reliability, can significantly improve the plugging efficiency, and can effectively reduce the workload of workers.

[0005] This method has simple process and convenient operation, can realize the plugging operation of the filling surface efficiently and continuously, and can greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers. It has good engineering value and economic benefits and is easy to promote and apply on a large scale.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a plugging device for short-wall filling mining, comprising a tractor, a hydraulic jack, a baffle, a baffle groove, an anchor rod, a slurry stopper, a pad and a nut;

[0007] The baffle groove is arranged vertically, and has an accommodating cavity extending along its length direction, and the opening of the accommodating cavity extends to the upper end of the baffle groove; at least one row of positioning hole groups is provided in the middle of the baffle groove, and a row of positioning hole groups is composed of a plurality of pairs of positioning holes evenly distributed along the length direction of the baffle groove, and each pair of positioning holes is relatively opened on the groove plates on both sides of the width direction of the accommodating cavity; the baffle groove is composed of a straight section located in the middle and two oblique sections located at both ends of the straight section, and the length direction of the straight section extends along the front-to-back direction, the two oblique sections are located on the left side of the straight section, and their right ends are fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the straight section respectively, and their left ends extend obliquely in the direction away from each other; a plurality of card slots are evenly fixedly connected to the right side of the outside of the straight section along the length direction;

[0008] The traction machine is arranged on the right side of the straight section;

[0009] The hydraulic jack is arranged horizontally, with its length extending in the left-right direction, and its piston rod end is arranged close to the straight section; multiple hydraulic jacks are evenly arranged between the straight section and the tractor in the front-to-back direction, and are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the slots; the piston rod end of the hydraulic jack is provided with a bayonet at the portion corresponding to the slot, and is fixedly mounted in the slot through the bayonet, and the cylinder base of the hydraulic jack is fixedly mounted on the tractor;

[0010] The baffle is vertically arranged, with multiple through holes evenly opened along the height direction, its height is adapted to the height of the short wall surface of the laneway, and its thickness is adapted to the width of the accommodating cavity; multiple baffles are sequentially connected to form an overall structure adapted to the size of the accommodating cavity, and are inserted into the accommodating cavity, and the multiple through holes in the area where the accommodating cavity is located are arranged one-to-one with the multiple pairs of positioning holes;

[0011] The number of the anchor rods is the same as the number of the through holes, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the multiple anchor rods are respectively arranged in the area where the baffle groove is located and the area outside the baffle groove; the fastening end of the anchor rod in the area where the baffle groove is located passes through a pair of positioning holes and the through hole in sequence from left to right and then extends to the right side of the baffle groove; the fastening end of the anchor rod in the area outside the baffle groove passes through the through hole from left to right and then extends to the right side of the baffle;

[0012] The number of the slurry stoppers is the same as the number of the anchor rods, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the multiple slurry stoppers are respectively arranged in the area where the baffle groove is located and the area outside the baffle groove; the slurry stoppers in the area where the baffle groove is located are sleeved on the outside of the anchor rod fastening end and are sealed with a pair of positioning holes and a through hole; the slurry stoppers in the area outside the baffle groove are sleeved on the outside of the anchor rod fastening end and are sealed with the through hole;

[0013] The number of the pads is the same as the number of the anchor rods, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the multiple pads are respectively arranged in the area where the baffle groove is located and the area outside the baffle groove; the pad in the area where the baffle groove is located is arranged on the right side of the baffle groove and is sleeved on the outside of the anchor rod fastening end through the mounting hole in its center; the pad in the area outside the baffle groove is arranged on the right side of the baffle and is sleeved on the outside of the anchor rod fastening end through the mounting hole in its center;

[0014] The number of the nuts is the same as the number of anchor rods, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; multiple nuts are respectively arranged in the area where the baffle groove is located and the area outside the baffle groove; the nut in the area where the baffle groove is located is arranged on the right side of the baffle groove, and is fitted on the outside of the anchor rod fastening end through threaded fitting, and the pad is pressed against the baffle groove; the nut in the area outside the baffle groove is arranged on the right side of the baffle, and is fitted on the outside of the anchor rod fastening end through threaded fitting, and the pad is pressed against the baffle.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to provide reliable traction power to the entire plugging device and to facilitate driving the plugging device to work in different operating positions, the traction machine is a crawler traction machine.

[0016] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the rapid assembly and separation of the bayonet and the slot on the hydraulic jack piston rod and to ensure a stable connection state during assembly, the open end of the slot is arranged downward.

[0017] Furthermore, in order to improve the anchoring ability of the sealing device to ensure the sealing effect, and at the same time, to increase the connection strength between the baffle groove and the baffle, two rows of positioning hole groups are provided on the baffle groove, and the two rows of positioning hole groups are distributed spaced apart from each other and are arranged correspondingly from top to bottom.

[0018] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the interlocking connection between adjacent baffles and enhance the overall closure, the left part of the rear end edge and the right part of the front end edge of the baffle respectively have a rear overlapping part extending toward the rear and a front overlapping part extending toward the front, and the rear overlapping parts and the front overlapping parts between adjacent baffles are connected by interlocking with each other.

[0019] Furthermore, in order to ensure the connection strength of the connection and to make the thickness of the connection consistent with the thickness of the main body, the thickness of the rear overlapping portion and the front overlapping portion are both half of the thickness of the baffle.

[0020] In the present invention, the baffle groove is composed of a straight section located in the middle and two oblique sections located at both ends, so that the cross-section of the baffle groove can be trapezoidal. In this way, it can not only ensure the best force conditions when sealing the slurry, and thus reduce the overall working resistance of the sealing device to a certain extent, but also use the two oblique sections to tightly embed into the filling short wall, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the sealing; the baffle groove can be customized according to the width of the surface to be filled, thereby ensuring that the present invention has a wide range of adaptability. By connecting the plurality of baffles into a whole in sequence and then inserting them into the accommodating cavity, the accommodating cavity in the baffle groove can be used to limit the lateral movement of the plurality of baffles, thereby helping to form the plurality of baffles and the baffle groove into an integral plate-type sealing structure. At the same time, the cross section of the plate-type sealing structure is trapezoidal, which can improve the bearing capacity of the overall structure when sealing the slurry, and further ensure the sealing effect. In addition, the matching mode of connecting the plurality of baffles into a whole can fix the specifications of the baffles, thereby facilitating the production and processing of the baffles. At the same time, the number of baffles can be increased or decreased to adapt to different filling surfaces, which can make the The device has strong versatility; the right side of the baffle groove is fixedly connected with multiple card slots, and at the same time, the piston rod end of the hydraulic jack is provided with a card slot adapted to the card slot, and the tractor is connected to the card slot on the baffle groove through the card slots on the multiple hydraulic jacks. The overall structural position can be easily changed by driving the tractor, so that the blocking device can be flexibly changed in position, which greatly improves the convenience of the blocking operation and is conducive to the continuous and efficient operation of short wall filling. At the same time, the connection and disconnection of the hydraulic jack and the baffle groove can be conveniently achieved through the quick clamping cooperation of the card slot and the card slot. The present invention forms a plate-type plugging structure by connecting multiple baffles into a whole and inserting them into the baffle groove, and assembling multiple anchor rods on the plate-type plugging structure, and then connecting multiple hydraulic jacks to the baffle groove and the traction machine to form an integrated mobile self-anchoring slurry blocking device. The device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, can be moved by itself, has good flexibility and strong maneuverability, can realize continuous and efficient operation of short wall filling, and can effectively reduce the labor intensity of workers.

[0021] The present invention also provides a plugging method for shortwall filling mining, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: The working face is divided into multiple coal pillars along the strike direction, which are mined in sequence. After the coal pillars are mined, they serve as the filling surface. After all equipment is removed, the entire cross-section of the filling surface is leveled.

[0023] Step 2: Select a baffle trough of suitable size and place it on the first filling surface, and connect it to the traction machine located in the tunnel through multiple hydraulic jacks;

[0024] Step 3: Place multiple baffles in the baffle grooves in sequence, and make the through holes correspond to the paired positioning holes one by one. At the same time, connect the adjacent baffles into an integrated structure by interlocking the rear overlapping portion and the front overlapping portion;

[0025] Step 4: Use the through-holes on the baffle to assemble the anchor rods; for the through-holes located outside the baffle groove, first install the stop slurry plug on the outside of the fastening end of the corresponding anchor rod, and then pass it through the through-hole from left to right, at the same time, make the stop slurry plug seal with the through-hole, and then install the gasket and nut on the right side of the baffle in turn, and fasten the corresponding anchor rod to the baffle through the nut; for the through-holes in the baffle groove, first install the stop slurry plug on the outside of the fastening end of the corresponding anchor rod, and then pass it through the through-hole and the corresponding pair of positioning holes from left to right, and at the same time, make the stop slurry plug seal with the through-hole and the corresponding pair of positioning holes, and then install the gasket and nut on the right side of the baffle groove in turn, and fasten the corresponding anchor rod to the baffle groove through the nut;

[0026] Step 5: Control the tractor to reach the filling short wall opening and fix the position. Then use the hydraulic system to control the piston rods of multiple hydraulic jacks to extend synchronously, pushing the baffle groove toward the short wall surface until both ends of the baffle groove contact and embed into the pre-leveled short wall surface.

[0027] Step 6: When the lower opening of the filling surface is completely sealed, grouting filling is carried out from the upper opening of the filling surface;

[0028] Step 7: When the height of the filling slurry reaches the upper edge of the baffle groove or is higher than the upper edge of the baffle groove, the filling work of the filling surface is stopped. At this time, the filling slurry has been bonded with all the preset anchor rods in the baffle groove area, and during the slurry solidification period, it is bonded together with the preset anchor rods to form a whole, and a self-anchoring area is formed; after the slurry is completely solidified, the self-anchoring area takes effect, and the baffle groove and the baffle are fixed to the first filling surface through the preset anchor rods and the solidified slurry;

[0029] Step 8: After the baffle groove and baffle are tightened, multiple hydraulic jacks are synchronously controlled to descend and separate from the baffle groove, and then the tractor is controlled to withdraw from the filling surface and move to the lower end of the second filling surface; the separated baffle groove, baffle and all anchor rods form a plugging device for the first filling surface;

[0030] Step 9: Repeat steps 1 to 8 on the second filling surface. At the same time, perform the second stage of filling on the upper end of the first filling surface until the filling reaches 2 / 3 of the height of the plugging device on the first filling surface. During this process, the plugging device on the first filling surface automatically performs the second stage of plugging on the lower end of the first filling surface. After the slurry on the second filling surface solidifies and is bonded to the preset anchor rods connected to the baffle, perform step 10.

[0031] Step 10: Repeat steps 1 to 8 on the third filling surface. At the same time, the third stage of filling of the first filling surface is carried out at the upper end of the first filling surface until the filling reaches the full height of the sealing device at the first filling surface and the top is connected. During this process, the sealing device at the first filling surface is automatically used to carry out the third stage of sealing at the lower end of the first filling surface. At the same time, the second stage of filling is carried out at the upper end of the second filling surface. During this process, the sealing device at the second filling surface is automatically used to carry out the second stage of sealing at the lower end of the second filling surface until the filling reaches 2 / 3 of the height of the sealing device at the second filling surface. After the slurry on the third filling surface solidifies and is bonded to the preset anchor rod connected to the baffle as a whole, step 11 is carried out.

[0032] Step 11: Use the above-mentioned plugging method to carry out filling work section by section in sequence until the plugging operation is completed.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, in step 4, when assembling the anchor rod, the assembly is started from top to bottom.

[0034] Furthermore, in order to utilize the subsequently formed filling columns to effectively support the tunnel roof, in step five, after the baffle groove is embedded in the pre-leveled short wall surface, ensure that the left ends of the two inclined sections in the baffle groove are flush with the cross-section of the tunnel floor.

[0035] This method utilizes a trapezoidal sealing structure formed by a baffle groove with a trapezoidal cross section and multiple baffles, which can be tightly embedded in the filling short wall during operation, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the plugging; at the same time, the shape of the trapezoidal cross section is optimal for stress conditions when plugging slurry, effectively reducing the overall working resistance of the plugging device. After all the preset anchor rods in the filling slurry and the trapezoidal sealing structure are fully in contact and bonded into a whole, a self-anchoring area can be formed, and then the baffle groove, all the baffles in the baffle groove, and all the preset anchor rods on the baffles can be formed into a sealing device fixed to the filling surface, and then the traction machine is separated from the sealing device and moved to the next filling surface for subsequent sealing work. In this way, the sealing process can be carried out simultaneously in multiple stages and on multiple sides, and simultaneous sealing operations on three or more sides can be achieved. This method enhances stability and firmness through self-anchoring, and realizes the self-movement of the plugging device through the crawler tractor, thereby effectively combining the active support of the tractor with the active anchoring of the preset anchor rod, thereby enabling timely and rapid sealing of the slurry on the filling surface.

[0036] This method addresses the issue of "three-down" coal compression. Based on traditional filling and plugging methods, it integrates a mobile self-anchoring slurry retaining device to conveniently resolve the slurry plugging problem and achieve efficient and continuous short-wall filling. The entire operation process of this method is simple and portable, and it can perform continuous filling work on each filling surface in sequence. While improving operational efficiency, it also greatly reduces worker labor intensity, thereby effectively ensuring the continuity of mining and filling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the blocking device in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the baffle groove in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the baffle in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A top view of

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the baffle groove, baffle and tractor in the filling short wall port of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the filling and plugging process in the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0043] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the filling and plugging process in the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the filling and plugging process in the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0046] In the figure: 1. filling surface, 2. baffle groove, 3. hydraulic jack, 4. baffle, 5. anchor rod, 6. slurry stopper, 7. nut, 8. pad, 9. traction machine, 10. filling slurry, 11. self-anchoring area, 12. tunnel, 13. tunnel bottom plate, 14. tunnel top plate, 15. through hole, 16. positioning hole, 17. slot, 18. straight section, 19. inclined section, 20. accommodating cavity, 21. rear overlap, 22. front overlap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides a plugging device for short-wall filling mining, comprising a tractor 9, a hydraulic jack 3, a baffle 4, a baffle groove 2, an anchor rod 5, a slurry stopper 6, a pad 8 and a nut 7;

[0049] The baffle groove 2 is vertically arranged, and has an accommodating cavity 20 extending along its length direction. The opening of the accommodating cavity 20 extends to the upper end of the baffle groove 2; as a preferred embodiment, the height of the accommodating cavity 20 is 1000 mm and its width is 60 mm.

[0050] At least one row of positioning hole groups is provided in the middle of the baffle groove 2, and one row of positioning hole groups is composed of a plurality of pairs of positioning holes 16 evenly distributed along the length direction of the baffle groove 2, and each pair of positioning holes 16 is relatively opened on the groove plates on both sides of the width direction of the accommodating cavity 20; the baffle groove 2 is composed of a straight section 18 located in the middle and two oblique sections 19 located at both ends of the straight section 18, and the length direction of the straight section 18 extends along the front-to-back direction, the two oblique sections 19 are located on the left side of the straight section 18, and their right ends are fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the straight section 18, and their left ends extend obliquely away from each other; a plurality of card slots 17 are evenly fixedly connected to the right side of the outside of the straight section 18 along the length direction; as a preferred embodiment, the card slot 17 is located in the middle of the height direction of the baffle groove 2.

[0051] The traction machine 9 is arranged on the right side of the straight section 18;

[0052] The hydraulic jack 3 is arranged horizontally, with its length extending in the left-right direction, and its piston rod end is arranged close to the straight section 18; multiple hydraulic jacks 3 are evenly arranged between the straight section 18 and the tractor 9 in the front-to-back direction, and are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the slots 17; the piston rod end of the hydraulic jack 3 is provided with a bayonet corresponding to the slot 17, and is fixed in the slot 17 through the bayonet, and the cylinder base of the hydraulic jack 3 is fixedly installed on the tractor 9. The tractor 9 can control the multiple hydraulic jacks 3 to perform a certain range of lifting and lowering movements in the longitudinal direction, thereby conveniently realizing the needs of rapid assembly and disassembly of the baffle slot 2.

[0053] The baffle 4 is vertically arranged, and has multiple through holes 15 uniformly formed along the height direction. Its height is adapted to the height of the short wall surface of the laneway 12, and its thickness is adapted to the width of the accommodating cavity 20. The multiple baffles 4 are sequentially connected to form an integral structure adapted to the size of the accommodating cavity 20, and are inserted into the accommodating cavity 20. The multiple through holes 15 in the area where the accommodating cavity 20 is located are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple pairs of positioning holes 16.

[0054] The number of the anchor rods 5 is the same as the number of the through holes 15, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the multiple anchor rods 5 are respectively arranged in the area where the baffle groove 2 is located and the area outside the baffle groove 2; the anchor rods 5 in the area where the baffle groove 2 is located, the fastening ends of which pass through the pair of positioning holes 16 and the through holes 15 from left to right in sequence and then extend to the right side of the baffle groove 2; the anchor rods 5 in the area outside the baffle groove 2, the fastening ends of which pass through the through holes 15 from left to right and then extend to the right side of the baffle 4;

[0055] The number of the grouting plugs 6 is the same as the number of the anchor rods 5, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the multiple grouting plugs 6 are respectively arranged in the area where the baffle groove 2 is located and the area outside the baffle groove 2; the grouting plugs 6 in the area where the baffle groove 2 is located are sleeved on the outside of the fastening end of the anchor rod 5, and are sealed with a pair of positioning holes 16 and the through hole 15; the grouting plugs 6 in the area outside the baffle groove 2 are sleeved on the outside of the fastening end of the anchor rod 5, and are sealed with the through hole 15;

[0056] The number of the pads 8 is the same as the number of the anchor rods 5, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the multiple pads 8 are respectively arranged in the area where the baffle groove 2 is located and the area outside the baffle groove 2; the pad 8 in the area where the baffle groove 2 is located is arranged on the right side of the baffle groove 2, and is sleeved on the outside of the fastening end of the anchor rod 5 through the mounting hole in the center thereof; the pad 8 in the area outside the baffle groove 2 is arranged on the right side of the baffle 4, and is sleeved on the outside of the fastening end of the anchor rod 5 through the mounting hole in the center thereof;

[0057] The number of the nuts 7 is the same as the number of the anchor rods 5, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; multiple nuts 7 are respectively arranged in the area where the baffle groove 2 is located and the area outside the baffle groove 2; the nut 7 in the area where the baffle groove 2 is located is arranged on the right side of the baffle groove 2, and is threadedly fitted onto the outside of the fastening end of the anchor rod 5, and the gasket 8 is pressed onto the baffle groove 2; the nut 7 in the area outside the baffle groove 2 is arranged on the right side of the baffle 4, and is threadedly fitted onto the outside of the fastening end of the anchor rod 5, and the gasket 8 is pressed onto the baffle 4.

[0058] In order to provide reliable traction power to the entire plugging device and to facilitate driving the plugging device to work in different operating positions, the traction machine 9 is a crawler traction machine.

[0059] In order to facilitate the rapid assembly and separation of the bayonet and the slot on the hydraulic jack piston rod and to ensure a stable connection state during assembly, the opening end of the slot 17 is arranged downward.

[0060] In order to improve the anchoring ability of the sealing device to ensure the sealing effect, and at the same time, to increase the connection strength between the baffle groove and the baffle, two rows of positioning hole groups are provided on the baffle groove 2, and the two rows of positioning hole groups are distributed spaced apart and corresponding to each other.

[0061] In order to facilitate the interlocking connection between adjacent baffles and enhance the overall closure, the left part of the rear end edge and the right part of the front end edge of the baffle 4 respectively have a rear overlapping part 21 extending toward the rear and a front overlapping part 22 extending toward the front. The rear overlapping parts 21 and the front overlapping parts 22 between adjacent baffles 4 are connected by interlocking with each other.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, two edge baffles are further included, and the two edge baffles are only provided with overlapping parts on one side, so as to facilitate assembly on the edge and ensure the sealing and connection strength at the edge.

[0063] In order to ensure the connection strength of the joint and to make the thickness of the joint consistent with the thickness of the main body, the thickness of the rear overlap portion 21 and the front overlap portion 22 are both half the thickness of the baffle 4. As a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the baffle 4 is 30 mm, and the thickness of the rear overlap portion 21 and the front overlap portion 22 are both 15 mm.

[0064] In the present invention, the baffle groove is composed of a straight section located in the middle and two oblique sections located at both ends, so that the cross-section of the baffle groove can be trapezoidal. In this way, it can not only ensure the best force conditions when sealing the slurry, and thus reduce the overall working resistance of the sealing device to a certain extent, but also use the two oblique sections to tightly embed into the filling short wall, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the sealing; the baffle groove can be customized according to the width of the surface to be filled, thereby ensuring that the present invention has a wide range of adaptability. By connecting the plurality of baffles into a whole in sequence and then inserting them into the accommodating cavity, the accommodating cavity in the baffle groove can be used to limit the lateral movement of the plurality of baffles, thereby helping to form the plurality of baffles and the baffle groove into an integral plate-type sealing structure. At the same time, the cross-section of the plate-type sealing structure is trapezoidal, which can improve the bearing capacity of the overall structure when sealing the slurry, and further ensure the sealing effect. In addition, the matching mode of connecting the plurality of baffles into a whole can fix the specifications of the baffles, thereby facilitating the production and processing of the baffles. At the same time, the number of baffles can be increased or decreased to adapt to different filling surfaces, which can make the device The device has strong versatility; the right side of the baffle groove is fixedly connected with multiple card slots, and at the same time, the piston rod end of the hydraulic jack is provided with a card slot adapted to the card slot, and the tractor is connected to the card slot on the baffle groove through the card slots on the multiple hydraulic jacks. The overall structural position can be easily changed by driving the tractor, and the blocking device can be flexibly changed in position, which greatly improves the convenience of the blocking operation and is conducive to the continuous and efficient operation of short wall filling. At the same time, the connection and separation of the hydraulic jack and the baffle groove can be conveniently achieved through the quick clamping cooperation of the card slot and the card slot. The present invention forms a plate-type plugging structure by connecting multiple baffles into a whole and inserting them into the baffle groove, and assembling multiple anchor rods on the plate-type plugging structure, and then connecting multiple hydraulic jacks to the baffle groove and the traction machine to form an integrated mobile self-anchoring slurry blocking device. The device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, can be moved by itself, has good flexibility and strong maneuverability, can realize continuous and efficient operation of short wall filling, and can effectively reduce the labor intensity of workers.

[0065] like Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, the present invention also provides a plugging method for shortwall filling mining, comprising the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: The working face is divided into multiple coal pillars along the strike direction, which are mined in sequence. After the coal pillars are mined, they serve as the filling surface. After all equipment is removed, the entire cross-section of the filling surface is leveled. As a preferred method, the surface of the roadway floor 13 is leveled to facilitate the smooth movement of the traction machine 9.

[0067] Step 2: Select a baffle trough 2 of suitable size and place it on the first filling surface, and connect it to the traction machine 9 located in the tunnel 12 through multiple hydraulic jacks 3;

[0068] Step 3: Place multiple baffles 4 in the baffle grooves 2 in sequence, and make the through holes 15 correspond to the paired positioning holes 16 one by one. At the same time, connect two adjacent baffles 4 into an integrated structure by interlocking the rear overlapping portion 21 and the front overlapping portion 22;

[0069] Step 4: Use the through holes 15 on the baffle plate 4 to assemble the anchor rod 5; for the through holes 15 located outside the baffle plate groove 2, first set the grouting plug 6 on the outside of the fastening end of the corresponding anchor rod 5, and then pass it through the through hole 15 from left to right, at the same time, make the grouting plug 6 and the through hole 15 seal and match, then sequentially set the backing plate 8 and the nut 7 on the right side of the baffle plate 4, and fasten the corresponding anchor rod 5 to the baffle plate 4 through the nut 7; for the through holes 15 in the baffle plate groove 2, first set the grouting plug 6 on the outside of the fastening end of the corresponding anchor rod 5, and then pass it through the through hole 15 and the corresponding pair of positioning holes 16 from left to right, at the same time, make the grouting plug 6 and the through hole 15 and the corresponding pair of positioning holes 16 seal and match, then sequentially set the backing plate 8 and the nut 7 on the right side of the baffle plate groove 2, and fasten the corresponding anchor rod 5 to the baffle plate groove 2 through the nut 7;

[0070] Step 5: Control the tractor 9 to arrive at the filling short wall opening and fix the position, then use the hydraulic system to control the piston rods of multiple hydraulic jacks 3 to extend synchronously, pushing the baffle groove 2 toward the short wall surface until the two ends of the baffle groove 2 contact and embed into the pre-leveled short wall surface;

[0071] As a preferred embodiment, the tractor 9 uses its own brake device to fix the position; as a further preferred embodiment, a counterweight box is provided on the tractor 9, and a counterweight block is installed in the counterweight box, so as to effectively resist the impact of the filling slurry on the baffle during the fixing process;

[0072] Step 6: When the lower opening of the filling surface is completely sealed, grouting filling is carried out from the upper opening of the filling surface;

[0073] Step 7: When the height of the slurry to be filled reaches the upper edge of the baffle groove 2 or is higher than the upper edge of the baffle groove 2, the filling work of the filling surface is stopped. At this time, the filling slurry has been bonded with all the preset anchor rods 5 in the area of the baffle groove 2, and during the solidification period of the slurry, it is bonded together with the preset anchor rods 5 and becomes a whole, and forms a self-anchoring area. In this process, when the height of the slurry to be filled is higher than the upper edge of the baffle groove 2, the filling slurry will also fully contact the preset anchor rods 5 near the bottom of the area above the baffle groove 2.

[0074] After the slurry is completely solidified, the self-anchoring area takes effect and fixes the baffle groove 2 and the baffle 4 to the first filling surface through the preset anchor rod 5 and the solidified slurry;

[0075] Step 8: After the baffle groove 2 and the baffle 4 are tightened, the multiple hydraulic jacks 3 are synchronously controlled to descend and separate from the baffle groove 2, and then the tractor 9 is controlled to withdraw from the filling surface and move to the lower opening of the second filling surface; the separated baffle groove 2, baffle 4 and all anchor rods 5 form a plugging device for the first filling surface;

[0076] Step 9: Repeat steps 1 to 8 on the second filling surface, using the next set of baffle grooves 2, multiple baffles 4, multiple anchor rods 5, multiple grouting plugs 6, multiple pads 8 and multiple nuts 7 to form a plugging device for the second filling surface, and then perform the first stage filling work on the second filling surface. At the same time, perform the second stage filling work on the first filling surface at the upper end of the first filling surface until the filling reaches 2 / 3 of the height of the plugging device at the first filling surface. During this process, the plugging device at the first filling surface automatically performs the second stage plugging work at the lower end of the first filling surface. After the slurry on the second filling surface solidifies and is bonded to the preset anchor rods 5 connected to the baffles 4 as a whole, perform step 10.

[0077] Step 10: Repeat steps 1 to 8 on the third filling surface, use the next set of baffle grooves 2, multiple baffles 4, multiple anchor rods 5, multiple slurry stoppers 6, multiple pads 8 and multiple nuts 7 to form a sealing device of the third filling surface on the third filling surface, and then perform the first stage filling work of the third filling surface. At the same time, the third stage filling work of the first filling surface is performed at the upper end of the first filling surface until it is filled to the full height of the sealing device at the first filling surface and connected to the top, so that the slurry is connected to the tunnel roof 14. During this process, the sealing device at the first filling surface is used to automatically perform the third stage sealing work at the lower end of the first filling surface; at the same time, the second stage filling work is performed at the upper end of the second filling surface. During this process, the sealing device at the second filling surface is used to automatically perform the second stage sealing work at the lower end of the second filling surface until it is filled to 2 / 3 of the height of the sealing device at the second filling surface. After the slurry on the third filling surface solidifies and is bonded to the preset anchor rods 5 connected to the baffles 4 as a whole, perform step 11;

[0078] Step 11: Use the above-mentioned plugging method to carry out filling work section by section in sequence until the plugging operation is completed.

[0079] As a preference, in step four, when assembling the anchor rod 5, the assembly is started from top to bottom.

[0080] To effectively support the tunnel roof 14 using the subsequently formed filling column, in step five, after the baffle groove 2 is embedded in the pre-leveled short wall surface, ensure that the left ends of the two oblique sections 19 in the baffle groove 2 are flush with the cross-section of the tunnel floor 13. By forming a filling space with a trapezoidal cross-section between the left ends of the two oblique sections 19 and the tunnel floor 13, a trapezoidal filling column is formed between the tunnel floor 13 and the tunnel roof 14 after filling, which effectively supports the tunnel roof and further improves the safety of the operation.

[0081] This method utilizes a trapezoidal sealing structure formed by a baffle groove with a trapezoidal cross section and multiple baffles, which can be tightly embedded in the filling short wall during operation, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the plugging; at the same time, the shape of the trapezoidal cross section is optimal for stress conditions when plugging slurry, effectively reducing the overall working resistance of the plugging device. After all the preset anchor rods in the filling slurry and the trapezoidal sealing structure are fully in contact and bonded into a whole, a self-anchoring area can be formed, and then the baffle groove, all the baffles in the baffle groove, and all the preset anchor rods on the baffles can be formed into a sealing device fixed to the filling surface, and then the traction machine is separated from the sealing device and moved to the next filling surface for subsequent sealing work. In this way, the sealing process can be carried out simultaneously in multiple stages and on multiple sides, and simultaneous sealing operations on three or more sides can be achieved. This method enhances stability and firmness through self-anchoring, and realizes the self-movement of the plugging device through the crawler tractor, thereby effectively combining the active support of the tractor with the active anchoring of the preset anchor rod, thereby enabling timely and rapid sealing of the slurry on the filling surface.

[0082] This method addresses the issue of "three-down" coal compression. Based on traditional filling and plugging methods, it integrates a mobile self-anchoring slurry retaining device to conveniently resolve the slurry plugging problem and achieve efficient and continuous short-wall filling. The entire operation process of this method is simple and portable, and it can perform continuous filling work on each filling surface in sequence. While improving operational efficiency, it also greatly reduces worker labor intensity, thereby effectively ensuring the continuity of mining and filling.

Claims

1. A plugging device for short-wall filling mining, comprising a tractor, a hydraulic jack and a baffle, characterized in that: It also includes baffle grooves, anchor rods, slurry stoppers, pads and nuts; The baffle groove is arranged vertically, and has an accommodating cavity extending along its length direction, and the opening of the accommodating cavity extends to the upper end of the baffle groove; at least one row of positioning hole groups is provided in the middle of the baffle groove, and a row of positioning hole groups is composed of a plurality of pairs of positioning holes evenly distributed along the length direction of the baffle groove, and each pair of positioning holes is relatively opened on the groove plates on both sides of the width direction of the accommodating cavity; the baffle groove is composed of a straight section located in the middle and two oblique sections located at both ends of the straight section, and the length direction of the straight section extends along the front-to-back direction, the two oblique sections are located on the left side of the straight section, and their right ends are fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the straight section respectively, and their left ends extend obliquely in the direction away from each other; a plurality of card slots are evenly fixedly connected to the right side of the outside of the straight section along the length direction; The traction machine is arranged on the right side of the straight section; The hydraulic jack is arranged horizontally, with its length extending in the left-right direction, and its piston rod end is arranged close to the straight section; multiple hydraulic jacks are evenly arranged between the straight section and the tractor in the front-to-back direction, and are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the slots; the piston rod end of the hydraulic jack is provided with a bayonet at the portion corresponding to the slot, and is fixedly mounted in the slot through the bayonet, and the cylinder base of the hydraulic jack is fixedly mounted on the tractor; The baffle is vertically arranged, with multiple through holes evenly opened along the height direction, its height is adapted to the height of the short wall surface of the laneway, and its thickness is adapted to the width of the accommodating cavity; multiple baffles are sequentially connected to form an overall structure adapted to the size of the accommodating cavity, and are inserted into the accommodating cavity, and the multiple through holes in the area where the accommodating cavity is located are arranged one-to-one with the multiple pairs of positioning holes; The number of the anchor rods is the same as the number of the through holes, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the multiple anchor rods are respectively arranged in the area where the baffle groove is located and the area outside the baffle groove; the fastening end of the anchor rod in the area where the baffle groove is located passes through a pair of positioning holes and the through hole in sequence from left to right and then extends to the right side of the baffle groove; the fastening end of the anchor rod in the area outside the baffle groove passes through the through hole from left to right and then extends to the right side of the baffle; The number of the slurry stoppers is the same as the number of the anchor rods, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the multiple slurry stoppers are respectively arranged in the area where the baffle groove is located and the area outside the baffle groove; the slurry stoppers in the area where the baffle groove is located are sleeved on the outside of the anchor rod fastening end and are sealed with a pair of positioning holes and a through hole; the slurry stoppers in the area outside the baffle groove are sleeved on the outside of the anchor rod fastening end and are sealed with the through hole; The number of the pads is the same as the number of the anchor rods, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the multiple pads are respectively arranged in the area where the baffle groove is located and the area outside the baffle groove; the pad in the area where the baffle groove is located is arranged on the right side of the baffle groove and is sleeved on the outside of the anchor rod fastening end through the mounting hole in its center; the pad in the area outside the baffle groove is arranged on the right side of the baffle and is sleeved on the outside of the anchor rod fastening end through the mounting hole in its center; The number of the nuts is the same as the number of anchor rods, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; multiple nuts are respectively arranged in the area where the baffle groove is located and the area outside the baffle groove; the nut in the area where the baffle groove is located is arranged on the right side of the baffle groove, and is fitted on the outside of the anchor rod fastening end through threaded fitting, and the pad is pressed against the baffle groove; the nut in the area outside the baffle groove is arranged on the right side of the baffle, and is fitted on the outside of the anchor rod fastening end through threaded fitting, and the pad is pressed against the baffle.

2. A plugging device for shortwall filling mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tractor is a crawler-type tractor.

3. A plugging device for shortwall filling mining according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The opening end of the card slot is arranged downward.

4. A plugging device for shortwall filling mining according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The baffle groove is provided with two rows of positioning hole groups, which are spaced apart and arranged correspondingly up and down.

5. The plugging device for shortwall filling mining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The left portion of the rear end edge and the right portion of the front end edge of the baffle respectively have a rear overlap portion extending rearward and a front overlap portion extending forward, and the rear overlap portions and the front overlap portions between adjacent baffles are connected by interlocking.

6. The plugging device for shortwall filling mining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the rear overlapping portion and the front overlapping portion are both half of the thickness of the baffle.

7. A plugging method for short-wall filling mining, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The working face is divided into multiple coal pillars along the strike direction, which are mined in sequence. After the coal pillars are mined, they serve as the filling surface. After all equipment is removed, the entire cross-section of the filling surface is leveled. Step 2: Select a baffle trough of suitable size and place it on the first filling surface, and connect it to the traction machine located in the tunnel through multiple hydraulic jacks; Step 3: Place multiple baffles in the baffle grooves in sequence, and make the through holes correspond to the paired positioning holes one by one. At the same time, connect the adjacent baffles into an integrated structure by interlocking the rear overlapping portion and the front overlapping portion; Step 4: Use the through-holes on the baffle to assemble the anchor rods; for the through-holes located outside the baffle groove, first install the stop grouting plug on the outside of the fastening end of the corresponding anchor rod, and then pass it through the through-hole from left to right, at the same time, make the stop grouting plug seal with the through-hole, and then install the gasket and nut on the right side of the baffle in turn, and fasten the corresponding anchor rod to the baffle through the nut; for the through-holes in the baffle groove, first install the stop grouting plug on the outside of the fastening end of the corresponding anchor rod, and then pass it through the through-hole and the corresponding pair of positioning holes from left to right, and at the same time, make the stop grouting plug seal with the through-hole and the corresponding pair of positioning holes, and then install the gasket and nut on the right side of the baffle groove in turn, and fasten the corresponding anchor rod to the baffle groove through the nut; Step 5: Control the tractor to reach the filling short wall opening and fix the position. Then use the hydraulic system to control the piston rods of multiple hydraulic jacks to extend synchronously, pushing the baffle groove toward the short wall surface until both ends of the baffle groove contact and embed into the pre-leveled short wall surface. Step 6: When the lower opening of the filling surface is completely sealed, grouting filling is carried out from the upper opening of the filling surface; Step 7: When the height of the filling slurry reaches the upper edge of the baffle groove or is higher than the upper edge of the baffle groove, the filling work of the filling surface is stopped. At this time, the filling slurry has been bonded with all the preset anchor rods in the baffle groove area, and during the slurry solidification period, it is bonded together with the preset anchor rods to form a whole, and a self-anchoring area is formed; after the slurry is completely solidified, the self-anchoring area takes effect, and the baffle groove and the baffle are fixed to the first filling surface through the preset anchor rods and the solidified slurry; Step 8: After the baffle groove and baffle are tightened, multiple hydraulic jacks are synchronously controlled to descend and separate from the baffle groove, and then the tractor is controlled to withdraw from the filling surface and move to the lower end of the second filling surface; the separated baffle groove, baffle and all anchor rods form a plugging device for the first filling surface; Step 9: Repeat steps 1 to 8 on the second filling surface. At the same time, perform the second stage of filling on the upper end of the first filling surface until the filling reaches 2 / 3 of the height of the plugging device on the first filling surface. During this process, the plugging device on the first filling surface automatically performs the second stage of plugging on the lower end of the first filling surface. After the slurry on the second filling surface solidifies and is bonded to the preset anchor rods connected to the baffle, perform step 10. Step 10: Repeat steps 1 to 8 on the third filling surface. At the same time, the third stage of filling of the first filling surface is carried out at the upper end of the first filling surface until the filling reaches the full height of the sealing device at the first filling surface and the top is connected. During this process, the sealing device at the first filling surface is automatically used to carry out the third stage of sealing at the lower end of the first filling surface. At the same time, the second stage of filling is carried out at the upper end of the second filling surface. During this process, the sealing device at the second filling surface is automatically used to carry out the second stage of sealing at the lower end of the second filling surface until the filling reaches 2 / 3 of the height of the sealing device at the second filling surface. After the slurry on the third filling surface solidifies and is bonded to the preset anchor rod connected to the baffle as a whole, step 11 is carried out. Step 11: Use the above-mentioned plugging method to carry out filling work section by section in sequence until the plugging operation is completed.

8. The plugging method for shortwall filling mining according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step four, when assembling the anchor rod, start assembling from top to bottom.

9. The plugging method for shortwall filling mining according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step five, after the baffle groove is embedded in the short wall surface that has been leveled in advance, ensure that the left ends of the two oblique sections in the baffle groove are flush with the cross-section of the tunnel floor.

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