A motor stator winding, a stator, a motor, and a vehicle

Abstract

The present invention discloses a motor stator winding, a stator, a motor and a vehicle. The motor stator winding comprises three-phase windings, each phase winding comprising a plurality of parallel-connected winding branches. Each winding branch comprises two parallel-connected branches, and each branch comprises a plurality of coils arranged in sequence and connected in series on the circumferential core slots of the stator core; both of the two branches comprise m coils with a span of y + 1 and n coils with a span of y - 1, and the spans of other coils are all y; in the two branches, the coils with a span of y + 1 and the coils with a span of y - 1 are both arranged on the outermost layer of the slot opening of the core slot, and the coils with a span of y + 1 in one of the two branches of each winding branch and the coils with a span of y - 1 in the adjacent other branch are arranged in adjacent core slots. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, balanced potential of each branch, no circulating current, etc., reduces the wire type, has no special-shaped wire, reduces the complexity of the manufacturing process, and eliminates a series of problems caused by the asymmetry of each branch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a motor stator winding, a stator having the same, a motor, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicle technology, the drive motor, as the heart of an electric vehicle, has increasingly high performance requirements. Currently, high speed, light weight, and high efficiency have become the development trends of drive motors, with higher requirements for the power density, high-efficiency area, and heat dissipation capacity of the motors.

[0003] Motor stator windings can be divided into round wires and flat wires. Compared with round wire windings, flat wire windings can effectively increase the slot fill factor of the motor, reduce the copper loss of the motor, thereby improving the motor efficiency. At the same time, they can also reduce the height of the motor winding end, thereby reducing the motor volume and increasing the power / torque density. However, the flat wire winding has an inherent skin effect phenomenon, especially in high-speed motors, and the skin effect is particularly obvious. To reduce the skin effect, the existing technology is to increase the number of conductors in the iron core slot, such as even layers of 4 layers, 6 layers, 8 layers, etc., or odd layers of 3 layers, 5 layers, 7 layers, etc.

[0004] However, due to problems such as the complex and variable arrangement of odd layers and the greater difficulty in making the branch circuits symmetric, there are very few motors using odd layers on the market currently. Moreover, in the existing odd-layer motors, the winding arrangement is single, and the conductors of each parallel branch are distributed at different positions in the stator slots, resulting in the phenomenon of non-strict symmetry of the branch circuits, leading to differences in back electromotive force, resistance, and inductance, thereby forming a circulating current, increasing additional losses and reducing efficiency, and at the same time causing local overheating of the motor winding and affecting the service life of the motor.

[0005] In addition, the winding layout and connection method in a hairpin motor are one of the difficulties in the design of this type of motor. The existing hairpin coil layout methods mainly have the following problems:

[0006] 1) There are many types of hairpin coils and the layout is complex; a large number of busbars and bus bars are required to connect the branches and the center points of each phase winding, resulting in an increase in the height of the winding end and an extension of the axial length of the motor;

[0007] 2) A relatively large number of special-shaped coils are used, and the existence of special-shaped coils will increase the manufacturing difficulty of the coils and is not conducive to mass production;

[0008] 3) There is a problem of asymmetry in the winding branches, resulting in differences in back electromotive force, resistance, inductance, etc., causing a decline in motor performance, winding circulating current, increasing the additional losses of the motor, and easily causing local overheating of the motor. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a motor stator winding with a compact structure, simple production, symmetric branches, and neat arrangement, a motor having the same, and a vehicle.

[0010] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] A motor stator winding includes three-phase windings. Each of the phase windings includes multiple groups of parallel winding branches. Each group of winding branches includes two parallel branches. Each of the branches includes multiple coils arranged in sequence and connected in series on the circumferential core slots of the stator core.

[0012] Both of the two branches include m coils with a span of y + 1 and n coils with a span of y - 1. The spans of the other coils are all y. Both m and n are positive integers. In the two branches, the coils with a span of y + 1 and the coils with a span of y - 1 are both arranged on the outermost layer of the slot opening of the core slot. And in each group of winding branches, the coils with a span of y + 1 in one of the branches are arranged in adjacent core slots with the coils with a span of y - 1 in the adjacent other branch. Different types of coils with a span of y are arranged in the innermost layer and the second innermost layer of the slot bottom of the core slot to achieve commutation.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the stator core includes y×q core slots, and the total number of layers of the core slots is M. Each group of winding branches includes a first branch and a second branch. And each coil in the first branch and the second branch includes an upper layer and a lower layer. In the core slots belonging to the same phase winding, if the first M layers of the core slot numbered X are filled with the upper layers of the coils in the first branch or the second branch, then the first M layers of the core slot numbered (X + y) are alternately filled with the lower layers of the coils in the first branch and the second branch.

[0014] Wherein, M is a positive odd number greater than 3, y is the coil span, q is the number of poles of the motor, and X ≤ [y×(q - 1)].

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the coil with a span of y - 1 located on the outermost layer of the slot opening is located inside the coil with a span of y + 1, and the two coils are concentrically arranged.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the coil with a span of y includes a first coil. The first coil includes a first coil body and a first bending portion. The first coil body includes two first rods arranged in parallel and a first head connecting one ends of the two first rods. The first bending portion is located at the other ends of the two first rods, and the ends of the two first bending portions are bent in opposite directions and fixedly connected to form a welding end.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the coil with a span of y further includes a second coil, which includes a second coil body and a second bending portion. The second coil body includes two second rods arranged in parallel with each other and a second head connecting one ends of the two second rods. The second bending portion is located at the other ends of the two second rods to form a welding end, and the second bending portions on the two second rods are both bent along one side in the width direction of the second coil body.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the coils with a span of y + 1 and a span of y - 1 both include a third coil, which includes a third coil body. The third coil body includes two third rods arranged in parallel with each other and a third head connecting one ends of the two third rods. Third bending portions are provided at the other ends of the two third rods to form a welding end, and the third bending portions on the two third rods are both bent along one side in the width direction of the third coil body, and the bending direction of the second bending portion is opposite to that of the third bending portion.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the neutral points of the coils are connected by a copper busbar, and its height does not exceed the height of the welding end of the coil.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the parallel connection form between the two branches in each winding branch is star connection or delta connection.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the phase winding includes a group of winding branches. One of the branches in the winding branch includes coils A1 - a2, A3 - a4, A5 - a6, A7 - a8, A9 - a10, and the other branch includes coils B1 - b2, B3 - b4, B5 - b6, B7 - b8, B9 - b10;

[0022] The spans of coils A1 - a2 and B1 - b2 are both y, and their upper sides are located in the first layer of the iron core slot, and the lower sides are located in the second layer of the iron core slot;

[0023] The spans of coils A3 - a4 and B3 - b4 are both y, and their upper sides are located in the third layer of the iron core slot, and the lower sides are located in the fourth layer of the iron core slot;

[0024] The upper and lower sides of coils A5 - a6 and B5 - b6 are both located in the fifth layer of the iron core slot. The span of coil A5 - a6 is y + 1, the span of coil B5 - b6 is y - 1, coil B5 - b6 is located inside coil A5 - a6, and the two coils are concentrically arranged;

[0025] The spans of coils A7 - a8 and B7 - b8 are both y, and their upper sides are located in the fourth layer of the iron core slot, and the lower sides are located in the third layer of the iron core slot;

[0026] The span of coils A9-a10 and B9-b10 is both y. Their upper sides are located in the second layer of the iron core slots, and their lower sides are located in the first layer of the iron core slots.

[0027] Coil A1-a2 is connected to coil A3-a4 at the welding end, coil A3-a4 is connected to coil A5-a6 at the welding end, coil A5-a6 is connected to coil A7-a8 at the welding end, and so on.

[0028] The connection sequence of the coils is from the first layer to the fifth layer in turn, and then from the fifth layer to the first layer in turn, repeating in this cycle.

[0029] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a stator, including a stator core and the above-mentioned motor stator winding. A plurality of iron core slots are provided in the circumferential direction of the stator core, and the phase windings in the motor stator winding are arranged in the iron core slots.

[0030] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a motor, including the above-mentioned stator.

[0031] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a vehicle, including the above-mentioned motor.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] 1. For the motor stator winding, the stator, the motor, and the vehicle of the present invention, the two parallel branches in each winding branch both include coils with spans of y-1, y, and y+1. Different-span and same-type concentric coils are arranged at the outermost layer of the slot opening of the iron core slot to achieve commutation, and different-type coils with a span of y are arranged at the innermost layer and the second innermost layer of the slot bottom of the iron core slot to achieve commutation, so as to eliminate the phase difference between different branches; in the remaining layers of the iron core slot, the same-type coils with a span of y are used for winding, ensuring that each branch is completely symmetrical, reducing the wire types and having no special-shaped wires, which is convenient for assembly and mass production. By setting concentric coils to commutate the coils, the phase difference between different branches is eliminated, ensuring that each branch is symmetrical both in the slot and in the layer, that is, the two parallel branches are distributed in an annular symmetrical structure in the iron core slot, thereby realizing the uniform and symmetrical distribution of each phase winding, making the potential of each branch balanced, without circulating current, and canceling harmonics, greatly improving the performance of the motor.

[0034] 2. The motor stator winding, stator, motor, and vehicle of the present invention. In the iron core slots belonging to the same phase winding, the two parallel branches are not only alternately arranged in the iron core slots with the same number, but also individually fill the iron core slots with the same number. The arrangement is simple, effectively ensuring that the two branches are evenly and symmetrically distributed in the iron core slots. The windings in each layer within the iron core slots with the same number are of the same phase, and there is no overlap between the coil bodies of each coil, and they are arranged neatly. This greatly reduces the complexity of the manufacturing process and facilitates mass production. The present invention not only solves a series of problems caused by the asymmetry of each branch, but also effectively reduces the problems of high difficulty in the flat wire winding process and high manufacturing cost of the motor due to the increase in the number of phases. At the same time, it also enriches the arrangement methods of odd-layer motors and effectively reduces the manufacturing cost of the vehicle.

[0035] 3. The motor stator winding, stator, motor, and vehicle of the present invention. The neutral points of each coil are welded through a single copper busbar, and its height does not exceed the height of the welding end of the coil. It not only has a simple structure, but also reduces the height of the winding end, saves the end space, and effectively reduces the volume of the motor. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the first coil in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the second coil in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the third coil in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the motor stator winding in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the stator in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the phase arrangement of any one phase winding in the present invention.

[0042] Legend Explanation: 1. First Coil; 11. First Coil Body; 111. First Rod; 112. First Head; 12. First Bending Portion; 2. Second Coil; 21. Second Coil Body; 211. Second Rod; 212. Second Head; 22. Second Bending Portion; 3. Third Coil; 31. Third Coil Body; 311. Fourth Three Rods; 312. Third Head; 32. Third Bending Portion; 4. Copper Busbar; 5. Stator Core; 51. Core Slot. Detailed Embodiments

[0043] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification and specific preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0044] Embodiment

[0045] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, the motor stator winding of this embodiment includes three-phase windings. Each phase winding includes multiple groups of parallel winding branches, and each group of winding branches includes two parallel branches. Each branch includes a plurality of coils arranged in sequence and connected in series on the circumferential core slots 51 of the stator core 5.

[0046] Both of the two branches include m coils with a span of y + 1 and n coils with a span of y - 1. The spans of other coils are all y, and both m and n are positive integers. In the two branches, the coils with a span of y + 1 and the coils with a span of y - 1 are both arranged in the outermost layer of the slot opening of the core slot 51 (the last first layer from the bottom of the slot to the slot opening), and the coils with a span of y + 1 in one of the two branches of each group of winding branches and the coils with a span of y - 1 in the adjacent other branch are arranged in adjacent core slots. Different types of coils with a span of y are arranged in the innermost layer of the slot bottom (the first layer from the bottom of the slot to the slot opening) and the second innermost layer of the slot bottom (the second layer from the bottom of the slot to the slot opening) of the core slot 51 to achieve commutation.

[0047] In this embodiment, the coils with a span of y + 1 and the coils with a span of y - 1 are both arranged in the outermost layer of the slot opening, and the coils with a span of y - 1 located in the outermost layer of the slot opening are located inside the coils with a span of y + 1, and the two coils are arranged concentrically.

[0048] In this embodiment, the two parallel branches of each group of winding branches both include coils with spans of y - 1, y, and y + 1. Concentric coils with different spans and the same type are arranged in the outermost layer of the slot opening of the core slot to achieve commutation, and different types of coils with a span of y are arranged in the innermost layer of the slot bottom and the second innermost layer of the slot bottom of the core slot to achieve commutation, so as to eliminate the phase difference between different branches; in the remaining layers of the core slot, the same type of coils with a span of y are used for winding, ensuring that each branch is completely symmetrical, and at the same time reducing the wire type and having no special-shaped wires, which is convenient for assembly and mass production. By arranging concentric coils to commutate the coils, the phase difference between different branches is eliminated, ensuring that each branch is symmetrical both on the slot and on the layer, that is, the two parallel branches are distributed in a circular symmetrical structure in the core slot, thereby realizing the uniform and symmetrical distribution of each phase winding, making the potential of each branch balanced, without circulating current, and canceling harmonics, greatly improving the performance of the motor.

[0049] In this embodiment, the stator core 5 includes y×q core slots 51, and the total number of layers of the core slots 51 is M; each winding branch includes a first branch and a second branch, and each coil in the first branch and the second branch includes an upper layer and a lower layer; in the core slots 51 belonging to the same-phase winding, if the first to Mth layers of the core slot 51 numbered X are filled with the upper layers of the coils in the first branch or the second branch, then the first to Mth layers of the core slot 51 numbered (X + y) are alternately filled with the lower layers of the coils in the first branch and the second branch; where M is a positive odd number greater than 3, y is the coil span, q is the number of poles of the motor, and X ≤ [y×(q - 1)]. Specifically, in this embodiment, y is equal to 6, q is equal to 8, M is equal to 5, the numbers of the core slots 51 are arranged from 1 to 48, and the numbers of the coils are all arranged from 1 to 40.

[0050] In this embodiment, considering the combination of the numbers of the core slots 51 and the numbers of the branch coils, if the first to 5th layers of the core slot 51 numbered 1 are filled with the upper layers of the coils in the first branch or the second branch, then the first to 5th layers of the core slot 51 numbered 7 are alternately filled with the lower layers of the coils in the first branch and the second branch, and so on. By adopting the above coil arrangement method, it is ensured that the two branches are evenly and symmetrically distributed in the stator core 5, and at the same time, the arrangement method of the odd-layer windings is simplified, and the complexity of the manufacturing process is reduced.

[0051] As Figure 1 shown, in this embodiment, the coils with a span of y all include a first coil 1, and the first coil 1 includes a first coil body 11 and a first bending part 12. The first coil body 11 includes two first struts 111 arranged in parallel with each other and a first head 112 connecting one ends of the two first struts 111. The first bending part 12 is located at the other ends of the two first struts 111, and the ends of the two first bending parts 12 are bent and overlapped in opposite directions to form a welding end.

[0052] As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the coils with a span of y further include a second coil 2, and the second coil 2 includes a second coil body 21 and a second bending part 22. The second coil body 21 includes two second struts 211 arranged in parallel with each other and a second head 212 connecting one ends of the two second struts 211. The second bending part 22 is located at the other ends of the two second struts 211 to form a welding end, and the second bending parts 22 on the two second struts 211 are both bent along one side in the width direction of the second coil body 21.

[0053] As Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the coils with a span of y + 1 and the coils with a span of y - 1 both include a third coil 3. The third coil 3 includes a third coil body 31. The third coil body 31 includes two third support rods 311 arranged in parallel with each other and a third head 312 connecting one ends of the two third support rods 311. Third bending portions 32 are provided at the other ends of the two third support rods 311 to form welding ends. The third bending portions 32 on the two third support rods 311 are both bent along one side in the width direction of the third coil body 31, and the bending direction of the second bending portion 22 is opposite to the bending direction of the third bending portion 32.

[0054] In this embodiment, the heads of the first coil 1, the second coil 2, and the third coil 3 are all V-shaped or arc-shaped. Among them, the coil with a V-shaped head is called a V-shaped coil, and the coil with an arc-shaped head is called a U-shaped coil. In this embodiment, each coil can adopt a U-shaped coil or a V-shaped coil. Since each coil adopts the same shape, the special-shaped coils and the jumper coils are eliminated, which is convenient for assembly and mass production. Of course, in other embodiments, a combination of U-shaped coils and V-shaped coils can also be adopted.

[0055] In this embodiment, in the iron core slots belonging to the same phase winding, the two parallel branches are not only alternately arranged in the same iron core slot, but also separately fill the same iron core slot. The arrangement is simple, effectively ensuring that the two branches are evenly and symmetrically distributed in the iron core slot. The windings in each layer in the same iron core slot are of the same phase, and there is no overlap between the coil bodies of each coil, and they are arranged neatly, greatly reducing the complexity of the manufacturing process and facilitating mass production. This embodiment not only solves a series of problems caused by the asymmetry of each branch, but also effectively reduces the problems of high difficulty in the flat wire winding process and high manufacturing cost of the motor caused by the increase in the number of phases. At the same time, it also enriches the arrangement methods of odd-layer motors and effectively reduces the manufacturing cost of the vehicle.

[0056] In this embodiment, the parallel form between the two branches in each group of winding branches is star connection or delta connection.

[0057] In this embodiment, the neutral points of each coil (such as Figure 6 a40, b40 in) are connected through a copper busbar 4. The height of the copper busbar 4 does not exceed the height of the coil welding end, which is not only simple in structure, but also reduces the height of the winding end, thereby reducing the volume of the motor.

[0058] Specifically, taking a motor with 48 slots, 8 poles, and 2 winding branches as an example, where the number of coil layers from the bottom of the slot to the slot opening increases from 1 to 5 in sequence. In this embodiment, the first branch in the winding branch includes coils A1-a2, A3-a4, A5-a6, A7-a8, A9-a10, A11-a12, A13-a14, A15-a16, A17-a18, A19-a20, A21-a22, ……, A37-a38, A39-a40, and the second branch includes coils B1-b2, B3-b4, B5-b6, B7-b8, B9-b10, B11-b12, B13-b14, B15-b16, B17-b18, B19-b20, B21-b22, ……, B37-b38, B39-b40; the phase winding arrangement is as Figure 6 shown,

[0059] The connection form of the coils in the first branch is A-a, and the connection method of the coils in the second branch is B-b.

[0060] The span of coils A1-a2, B1-b2, A11-a12, and B11-b12 is all 6. Their upper sides are located in the first layer of the iron core slot 51, and their lower sides are located in the second layer of the iron core slot 51.

[0061] Specifically, A1 is located in the first layer of the first slot of the iron core slot 51, a2 is located in the second layer of the seventh slot of the iron core slot 51, B1 is located in the first layer of the second slot of the iron core slot 51, b2 is located in the second layer of the eighth slot of the iron core slot 51. Coils A1-a2 and B1-b2 together form a U-shaped coil as Figure 2 shown. A11 is located in the first layer of the fourteenth slot of the iron core slot 51, a12 is located in the second layer of the twentieth slot of the iron core slot 51, B11 is located in the first layer of the thirteenth slot of the iron core slot 51, b12 is located in the second layer of the nineteenth slot of the iron core slot 51. Coils A11-a12 and B11-b12 together form a U-shaped coil as Figure 2 shown.

[0062] The span of coils A3-a4, B3-b4, A13-a14, and B13-b14 is all 6. Their upper sides are located in the third layer of the iron core slot 51, and their lower sides are located in the fourth layer of the iron core slot 51.

[0063] Specifically, A3 is located in the third layer of the first slot of the iron core slot 51, a4 is located in the fourth layer of the seventh slot of the iron core slot 51, B3 is located in the third layer of the second slot of the iron core slot 51, b4 is located in the fourth layer of the eighth slot of the iron core slot 51. Coils A3-a4 and B3-b4 together form a U-shaped coil as Figure 1The U-shaped coil shown. A13 is located in the 3rd layer of the 14th slot of the iron core slot 51, a14 is located in the 4th layer of the 20th slot of the iron core slot 51, B13 is located in the 3rd layer of the 13th slot of the iron core slot 51, b14 is located in the 4th layer of the 19th slot of the iron core slot 51. The coil A13 - a14 and the coil B13 - b14 together form as Figure 1 the U-shaped coil shown.

[0064] For the coils A5 - a6, B5 - b6, A15 - a16, B15 - b16, both their upper and lower sides are located in the 5th layer of the iron core slot 51. The span of the coil A5 - a6 is 7, the span of the coil B5 - b6 is 5. The coil B5 - b6 is located inside the coil A5 - a6, and the two coils are concentrically arranged and together form as Figure 3 the U-shaped coil shown; the span of the coil A15 - a16 is 5, the span of the coil B15 - b16 is 7. The coil A15 - a16 is located inside the coil B15 - b16, and the two coils are concentrically arranged and together form as Figure 3 the U-shaped coil shown.

[0065] Specifically, A5 is located in the 5th layer of the 1st slot of the iron core slot 51, a6 is located in the 5th layer of the 8th slot of the iron core slot 51, B5 is located in the 5th layer of the 2nd slot of the iron core slot 51, b6 is located in the 5th layer of the 7th slot of the iron core slot 51. The coil A5 - a6 and the coil B5 - b6 together form as Figure 3 the U-shaped coil shown. A15 is located in the 5th layer of the 14th slot of the iron core slot 51, a16 is located in the 5th layer of the 19th slot of the iron core slot 51, B15 is located in the 5th layer of the 13th slot of the iron core slot 51, b16 is located in the 5th layer of the 20th slot of the iron core slot 51. The coil A15 - a16 and the coil B15 - b16 together form as Figure 3 the U-shaped coil shown.

[0066] The spans of the coils A7 - a8, B7 - b8, A17 - a18, B17 - b18 are all 6. Their upper sides are located in the 4th layer of the iron core slot 51, and their lower sides are located in the 3rd layer of the iron core slot 51.

[0067] Specifically, A7 is located in the 4th layer of the 14th slot of the iron core slot 51, a8 is located in the 3rd layer of the 8th slot of the iron core slot 51, B7 is located in the 4th layer of the 13th slot of the iron core slot 51, b8 is located in the 3rd layer of the 7th slot of the iron core slot 51. The coil A7 - a8 and the coil B7 - b8 together form as Figure 1 the U-shaped coil shown. A17 is located in the 4th layer of the 25th slot of the iron core slot 51, a18 is located in the 3rd layer of the 19th slot of the iron core slot 51, B17 is located in the 4th layer of the 26th slot of the iron core slot 51, b18 is located in the 3rd layer of the 20th slot of the iron core slot 51. The coil A17 - a18 and the coil B17 - b18 together form as Figure 1 the U-shaped coil shown.

[0068] The spans of coils A9-a10, B9-b10, A19-a20, and B19-b20 are all 6. Their upper sides are located in the second layer of the iron core slots 51, and their lower sides are located in the first layer of the iron core slots 51.

[0069] Specifically, A9 is located in the second layer of the 14th slot of the iron core slot 51, a10 is located in the first layer of the 8th slot of the iron core slot 51, B9 is located in the second layer of the 13th slot of the iron core slot 51, b10 is located in the first layer of the 7th slot of the iron core slot 51. Coils A9-a10 and coil B9-b10 together form a U-shaped coil as Figure 1 shown. A19 is located in the second layer of the 25th slot of the iron core slot 51, a20 is located in the first layer of the 19th slot of the iron core slot 51, B19 is located in the second layer of the 26th slot of the iron core slot 51, b20 is located in the first layer of the 20th slot of the iron core slot 51. Coils A19-a20 and coil B19-b20 together form a U-shaped coil as Figure 1 shown.

[0070] In this embodiment, first, the first coil 1 is arranged in the first and second layers of the iron core slots 51. Then, the second coil 2 is arranged in the third and fourth layers of the iron core slots 51. Next, the third coil 3 is set to perform line changing in the same layer in the fifth layer of the iron core slots 51. Then, the first coil is set in the fourth and third layers, and the second and first layers of the iron core slots 51, respectively, thus completing a winding arrangement from the innermost layer at the bottom of the slot to the outermost layer at the slot opening and then returning from the outermost layer at the slot opening to the innermost layer at the bottom of the slot. The remaining winding arrangements in the branches can be carried out in this cycle. In branches A-a and B-b, the A ends of each coil are fully arranged in the first to fifth layers of the iron core slots 51 numbered 1, and the B ends of each coil are fully arranged in the first to fifth layers of the iron core slots 51 numbered 2. Then, the a ends of each coil and the b ends of each coil are alternately fully arranged in the first to fifth layers of the iron core slots 51 numbered 7 and 8. The B ends of each coil are fully arranged in the first to fifth layers of the iron core slots 51 numbered 13, and the A ends of each coil are fully arranged in the first to fifth layers of the iron core slots 51 numbered 14. Then, the a ends of each coil and the b ends of each coil are alternately fully arranged in the first to fifth layers of the iron core slots 51 numbered 19 and 20. And so on. In the stator iron core 5, separate upper side layer arrangements of coils or alternate arrangements of the lower side layers of coils are carried out every 6 iron core slots 51. By adopting the above arrangement method, in the iron core slots 51 belonging to the same phase winding, the two parallel branches not only have alternate arrangements in the same iron core slot 51 but also are fully arranged in the same iron core slot 51 alone. This can not only achieve the uniform arrangement of branches A-a and B-b in the stator iron core 5 but also simplify the coil arrangements of the two branches and avoid the phenomenon of overlapping of the coil bodies.

[0071] In this embodiment, the A1-a2 coil and the A3-a4 coil of the first branch are connected by twist welding, the A3-a4 coil and the A5-a6 coil are connected by twist welding, the A5-a6 coil and the A7-a8 coil are connected by twist welding, and the A7-a8 coil and the A9-a10 coil are connected by twist welding; concentric welding is adopted on the outermost layer of the winding to achieve the purpose of complete symmetry of each branch, and so on. The coil connection sequence is from the first layer to the fifth layer, and then from the fifth layer to the first layer, repeating in this cycle.

[0072] In this embodiment, by using U-shaped coils and leading out wires at the welding ends, the wire type is reduced and there are no special-shaped wires, greatly reducing the complexity of manufacturing the winding into shape. By adopting a winding method that combines coils with the same span and different types and coils with different spans and the same type, the phase difference between each branch is eliminated, ensuring complete symmetry of each branch, eliminating a series of problems caused by asymmetry of each branch, and at the same time simplifying the busbar structure and making the structure compact.

[0073] As Figure 5 shown, this embodiment also provides a stator, which includes a stator core 5 and the above-mentioned motor stator winding. 48 core slots 51 are provided on the inner wall of the stator core 5 in the circumferential direction. Part of the phase winding in the motor stator winding is wound in the core slots 51, and part of the phase winding is located outside the core slots 51. Each core slot 51 has 5 layers of in-phase phase windings, and the number of layers of the phase windings in each core slot 51 is the same. It can be understood that in actual applications, the number of winding layers in each core slot includes but is not limited to 5 layers, and can also be 7 layers, 9 layers, 11 layers, etc. The winding method can refer to the above-mentioned 5-layer winding method.

[0074] This embodiment also provides a motor including the above-mentioned stator. This motor can be applied to vehicles such as electric vehicles / electric cars (EV), pure electric vehicles (PEV / BEV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), range-extended electric vehicles (REEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), and new energy vehicles (New Energy Vehicle). In the flat wire wave winding motor of this embodiment, the wave winding flat wire does not need to be welded and has no solder joints. At the same time, it has high design flexibility, reduces the processing procedures of the flat wire wave winding motor, has a simple process, and reduces costs.

[0075] This embodiment also provides a vehicle including the above-mentioned motor. This vehicle can be an electric vehicle / electric car (EV), pure electric vehicle (PEV / BEV), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), range-extended electric vehicle (REEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), new energy vehicle (New Energy Vehicle), etc.

[0076] In this embodiment, by adopting a winding arrangement method that combines coils of the same cloth span and three types, the overlap is reduced, the arrangement is neat, the complexity of the manufacturing process is reduced, which is convenient for production, and a series of problems caused by the asymmetry of each branch can be eliminated. At the same time, an annular busbar structure is adopted, and the structure is compact.

[0077] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention through the methods and technical contents disclosed above, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor stator winding, characterized in that, It includes three-phase phase windings, each of the phase windings includes multiple groups of parallel winding branches, each group of winding branches includes two parallel branches, and each of the branches includes multiple coils arranged in sequence and connected in series on the circumferential core slots (51) of the stator core (5); Both of the two branches include m coils with a span of y + 1 and n coils with a span of y - 1, and the spans of the other coils are all y, where m and n are both positive integers; in the two branches, the coils with a span of y + 1 and the coils with a span of y - 1 are both arranged on the outermost layer of the slot openings of the core slots (51), and the coils with a span of y + 1 in one of the branches of each group of winding branches and the coils with a span of y - 1 in the adjacent other branch are arranged in adjacent core slots; different types of coils with a span of y are arranged at the innermost layer and the second innermost layer of the slot bottom of the core slots (51) to achieve commutation; The first branch in the winding branch includes coils A1-a2, A3-a4, A5-a6, A7-a8, A9-a10, A11-a12, A13-a14, A15-a16, A17-a18, A19-a20, A21-a22, ……, A37-a38, A39-a40, and the second branch includes coils B1-b2, B3-b4, B5-b6, B7-b8, B9-b10, B11-b12, B13-b14, B15-b16, B17-b18, B19-b20, B21-b22, ……, B37-b38, B39-b40; The connection form of the coils in the first branch is A-a, and the connection method of the coils in the second branch is B-b; The spans of the coils A1-a2, B1-b2, A11-a12, B11-b12, A21-a12, B21-b22, A31-a32, B31-b32 are all y, their upper sides are located in the first layer of the core slot 51, and their lower sides are located in the second layer of the core slot 51; The spans of the coils A3-a4, B3-b4, A13-a14, B13-b14, A23-a24, B23-b24, A33-a34, B33-b34 are all y, their upper sides are located in the third layer of the core slot 51, and their lower sides are located in the fourth layer of the core slot 51; The upper sides and lower sides of the coils A5-a6, B5-b6, A15-a16, B15-b16, A25-a26, B25-b26, A35-a36, B35-b36 are all located in the fifth layer of the core slot 51. The span of the coil A5-a6 is y + 1, the span of the coil B5-b6 is y - 1, the coil B5-b6 is located inside the coil A5-a6, and the two coils are arranged concentrically; The spans of the coils A7-a8, B7-b8, A17-a18, B17-b18, A27-a28, B27-b28, A37-a38, B37-b38 are all y, their upper sides are located in the fourth layer of the core slot 51, and their lower sides are located in the third layer of the core slot 51; The spans of coils A9-a10, B9-b10, A19-a20, B19-b20, A29-a30, B29-b30, A39-a40, and B39-b40 are all y. Their upper sides are located in the second layer of the iron core slots 51, and their lower sides are located in the first layer of the iron core slots 51. The A1-a2 coil is connected to the A3-a4 coil at the welding end, the A3-a4 coil is connected to the A5-a6 coil at the welding end, the A5-a6 coil is connected to the A7-a8 coil at the welding end, and so on. The connection sequence of the coils is from the first layer to the fifth layer in turn, and then from the fifth layer to the first layer in turn, repeating in this cycle.

2. The motor stator winding according to claim 1, wherein The stator core (5) includes y×q iron core slots (51), and the total number of layers of the iron core slots (51) is M. Each winding branch includes a first branch and a second branch, and each coil in the first branch and the second branch includes an upper side layer and a lower side layer. In the iron core slots (51) belonging to the same phase winding, if the first layer to the Mth layer of the iron core slot (51) numbered X are filled with the upper side layers of the coils in the first branch or the second branch, then the first layer to the Mth layer of the iron core slot (51) numbered (X + y) are alternately filled with the lower side layers of the coils in the first branch and the second branch. Among them, M is a positive odd number greater than 3, y is the coil span, q is the number of poles of the motor, and X ≤ [y×(q - 1)].

3. The motor stator winding according to claim 2, wherein The coil with a span of y - 1 located at the outermost layer of the slot opening is located inside the coil with a span of y + 1, and the two coils are arranged concentrically.

4. The motor stator winding according to claim 3, wherein The coil with a span of y includes a first coil (1), and the first coil (1) includes a first coil body (11) and a first bending part (12). The first coil body (11) includes two first support rods (111) arranged parallel to each other and a first head (112) connecting one end of the two first support rods (111). The first bending part (12) is located at the other end of the two first support rods (111), and the ends of the two first bending parts (12) are bent and overlapped in opposite directions to form a welding end.

5. The motor stator winding according to claim 3, characterized in that, The coil with a span of y further includes a second coil (2), and the second coil (2) includes a second coil body (21) and a second bending part (22). The second coil body (21) includes two second support rods (211) arranged parallel to each other and a second head (212) connecting one end of the two second support rods (211). The second bending part (22) is located at the other end of the two second support rods (211) to form a welding end, and the second bending parts (22) on the two second support rods (211) are both bent along one side of the width direction of the second coil body (21).

6. The motor stator winding according to claim 5, wherein The coils with a span of y + 1 and a span of y - 1 both include a third coil (3), the third coil (3) includes a third coil body (31), the third coil body (31) includes two third support rods (311) arranged in parallel with each other and a third head (312) connecting one ends of the two third support rods (311), the other ends of the two third support rods (311) are provided with third bending portions (32) to form welding ends, the third bending portions (32) on the two third support rods (311) are both bent along one side in the width direction of the third coil body (31), and the bending direction of the second bending portion (22) is opposite to the bending direction of the third bending portion (32).

7. The stator winding of an electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The neutral points of the coils are connected by a copper busbar (4), and its height does not exceed the height of the welding end of the coil.

8. The stator winding of an electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The parallel connection form between the two branches in each winding branch is star connection or delta connection.

9. A stator, characterized in that, It includes a stator core (5) and the motor stator winding according to any one of claims 1 to 8, a plurality of core slots (51) are provided in the circumferential direction of the stator core (5), and the phase windings in the motor stator winding are arranged in the core slots (51).

10. A motor, characterized in that, It includes a stator according to claim 9.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a motor according to claim 10.

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