Tool changing mechanism with rivet breakage detection

Abstract

The present invention proposes a tool changing mechanism with rivet breakage detection, comprising a rivet breakage device disposed in the spindle center hole and a rivet breakage detection device. The rivet breakage device includes a drawbar assembly and a rivet breakage assembly detachably connected to one end of the drawbar assembly. The rivet breakage detection device includes a control module and a sensing module. The sensing module enables the control module to promptly alert the machining center's alarm system when a breakage failure occurs, causing the spindle to stop. The drive device can also automatically change tools, thereby avoiding safety accidents and achieving automated tool changes. Furthermore, a limiter unit is provided to prevent the detachment of the drawbar assembly components during tool changes, ensuring the quality and efficiency of tool changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent control of equipment, in particular to a tool changing mechanism with rivet breakage detection capability. Background Art

[0002] In order to ensure the high precision of the parts to be processed, machining centers are usually used to complete precision processing. The processing quality of the parts is not only related to the machine accuracy of the machining center itself, but also closely related to the accuracy of the spindle and cutting tool holder of the machining center; conventional tool holders are connected to the claws in the spindle of the machining center through pull nails, so that the spindle operation drives the cutting tool for cutting processing.

[0003] During the machining process, it is necessary to switch the appropriate tool holder according to the machining procedure. During the switching process, the pull pins connecting the spindle and the tool holder are prone to fatigue fracture, which can cause damage to the spindle and even cause the tool holder to fall off and fly away, leading to safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a tool changing mechanism with rivet breakage detection.

[0005] The main contents of the present invention include:

[0006] The tool changing mechanism with rivet fracture detection comprises a spindle arranged in a spindle housing, a broaching device arranged in a center hole of the spindle, and a rivet fracture detection device; wherein,

[0007] The broaching device comprises a drawbar assembly and a draw nail assembly detachably connected to one end of the drawbar assembly; the other end of the drawbar assembly is connected to a driving device; the draw nail assembly is used to install the tool;

[0008] The pull nail fracture detection device includes a control module and a sensing module, the control module is connected to the sensing module and communicates with the alarm system of the machining center; the sensing module includes a signal sensing unit provided on the spindle housing and a signal generating unit provided on the pull rod assembly;

[0009] In a working state, the signal generating unit is located within the signal receiving range of the signal sensing unit;

[0010] When a fracture failure occurs, the signal generating unit moves along with the pull rod assembly in a direction away from the pull nail assembly and exceeds the signal receiving range of the signal sensing unit.

[0011] Preferably, the center hole of the main shaft includes a first through hole section, a second through hole section, a guide section and a third through hole section arranged in sequence; the diameter of the first through hole section is larger than the diameter of the second through hole section, the diameter of the second through hole section is smaller than the diameter of the third through hole section, and the diameter of the guide section gradually increases from the second through hole section to the third through hole section.

[0012] Preferably, the tie rod assembly includes a tie rod body and a tie rod head, the diameter of the tie rod body is smaller than the diameter of the first through hole section; an end surface of the tie rod head is provided with an open groove, and a side wall of the open groove is provided with a plurality of radially extending mounting through holes, wherein steel balls are provided in the mounting through holes, and the diameter of the steel balls is greater than the length of the mounting through holes;

[0013] The rivet assembly includes a rivet head and a shank mounting portion. In a working state, the rivet head is detachably disposed in the open groove through the steel ball.

[0014] Preferably, the rivet head includes a first guide head section, a rivet head body and a second guide head section arranged in sequence; the first guide head section is truncated cone-shaped, and the rivet head body is loosely fitted in the open groove; the second guide head section is inverted truncated cone-shaped; in the working state, the steel ball rests on the side of the second guide head section.

[0015] Preferably, the pull rod assembly further comprises a limiting unit, which comprises a spring and a limiting sleeve; the limiting sleeve is sleeved on one end of the pull rod body; the other end of the pull rod body is sleeved on a pull rod limiting block, and the spring is sleeved on the pull rod body and located between the limiting sleeve and the pull rod limiting block;

[0016] In the working state, the spring is in a compressed state and a travel space of a set length is provided between the lower end surface of the limiting sleeve and the step end surface of the first through hole section.

[0017] Preferably, a safety limit block is arranged in the third through hole section, and the tool handle mounting portion is in a truncated cone shape; the safety limit block is provided with a safety limit through hole adapted to the tool handle mounting portion.

[0018] Preferably, the signal generating unit includes a knife pressing pin, a signal through hole is opened on the pull rod assembly, and a clearance through hole is opened on the side of the main shaft. The clearance through hole is oval in shape, and its long axis is parallel to the axial direction of the center hole of the main shaft; the knife pressing pin is arranged in the signal through hole and the clearance through hole, and its two ends extend to the outside of the main shaft.

[0019] Preferably, the signal sensing unit includes a proximity switch.

[0020] Preferably, the control module includes a PLC.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention proposes a tool changing mechanism with rivet breakage detection, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) Through the sensing module, when a fracture fault occurs, the control module can promptly send an alarm to the alarm system of the machining center, control the spindle to stop, and realize automatic tool change through the drive device, thus avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents and realizing the automation of tool change;

[0023] (2) By setting a limit unit, the parts of the pull rod assembly will not fall apart when changing the tool, thus ensuring the quality and efficiency of the tool change. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] 1-spindle; 10-center hole; 100-guide section; 110-first through hole section; 120-second through hole section; 130-third through hole section; 140-yield through hole; 20-pull rod body; 200-signal through hole; 21-pull rod limit block; 22-spring; 23-limiting sleeve; 30-pull rod head; 300-opening groove; 31-steel ball; 310-mounting through hole; 40-pull nail head; 400-nail head body; 410-first guide head section; 420-second guide head section; 41-tool handle mounting part; 50-safety limit block; 60-knife pressing pin; 70-proximity switch; 8-spindle box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution protected by the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] The present invention proposes a tool changing mechanism with rivet breakage detection, which can promptly detect and respond to a rivet breakage failure, thereby avoiding safety accidents caused by the rivet falling off and flying out, and ensuring safe production.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 The tool changing mechanism of the present invention includes a spindle housing 8 having a through hole, a spindle 1 disposed in the through hole, a spindle 1 having a center hole 10, a broaching device disposed in the center hole 10, and detection of a rivet breakage fault is achieved by the rivet breakage detection device.

[0030] Specifically, the center hole 10 of the main shaft 1 is divided into a first through hole section 110, a second through hole section 120, a guide section 100 and a third through hole section 130 from top to bottom, and the diameter of the first through hole section 110 is larger than that of the second through hole section 120, that is, the first through hole section 110 and the second through hole section 120 constitute a stepped hole; the aperture of the guide section 100 gradually increases from top to bottom, the aperture of its upper end is the same as the diameter of the second through hole section 120, and the aperture of its lower end is the same as or different from the diameter of the third through hole section 130.

[0031] The tool pulling device includes a rod assembly and a rivet assembly detachably connected to one end of the rod assembly; the other end of the rod assembly is connected to a driving device; the rivet assembly is used to install a tool; specifically, the rod assembly includes a rod body 20, one end of the pull plate body 20 is connected to a rod head 30, and the other end is connected to a driving device; the rod head 30 is detachably connected to the rivet assembly, and the driving device can drive the rod body 20 to move downward in the center hole. When the rod body 20 moves downward, the rivet assembly and the rod head 20 are disassembled for tool changing; and when the rivet assembly is installed on the rod head 30, the steel ball 31 in the rod head 30 can stably connect the rivet head 40 of the rivet assembly with the pull plate head 30, so that the rod assembly can rotate with the rod assembly.

[0032] Furthermore, an open groove 300 is provided on the end face of the pull rod head 30, and a plurality of mounting through holes 310 are provided on the side wall of the open groove 300. The steel ball 31 is arranged in the mounting through hole 310. In the working state, that is, after the rivet head 40 is installed in place, the steel ball 31 is blocked by the inner wall of the second through hole section 120 and partially extends into the open groove 300. The rivet head 40 includes a first truncated cone-shaped guide head section 410, a rivet head body 400 and an inverted truncated cone-shaped second guide head section 420 from top to bottom, so that the steel ball rests on the inclined side of the guide head section 420; and the first guide head section 410 plays a guiding role at the beginning of the installation of the rivet head 40; after installation in place, the rivet head body 400 and the inner wall of the open groove 300 are matched with a small gap.

[0033] When the tool needs to be changed, the driving device drives the pull rod body 200 to move downward. At this time, the pull rod head 30 also moves downward. When the mounting hole 310 moves from the second through hole section 120 to the guide section 100, a downward pulling force is applied to the rivet assembly at the same time. The steel ball 31 will be squeezed by the rivet head 40 and move radially outward, so that the rivet assembly is smoothly separated.

[0034] In order to prevent the pull rod assembly from being pushed down excessively and causing the steel ball 31 to fall out of the mounting through hole 310, a limiting assembly is further provided on the rivet body 20, and the limiting assembly includes a pull rod limiting block 21, a spring 22 and a limiting sleeve 23, wherein the pull rod limiting block 21 is provided at the upper end of the pull rod body 20, and the limiting sleeve 23 is sleeved at the lower end of the pull rod body 20, which can move up and down along the pull rod body 20 and is limited by the pull rod head 30 to prevent It falls off; the spring 22 is mounted on the pull rod body 20 between the pull rod limit block 21 and the limit sleeve 23; in the working state, the spring 22 is in a compressed state. At the same time, there is a set stroke space between the limit sleeve 23 and the step end face at the bottom of the first through hole section 110, so that when changing the tool, the driving device drives the pull rod body 20 and the pull rod head 30 to move downward only the set stroke, and the steel ball 31 is also limited to the set position and will not fall off.

[0035] In addition, in order to prevent the rivet assembly from being over-installed, a safety limit block 50 is also arranged in the third installation hole 130, and the handle mounting portion 41 is in a truncated cone shape; the safety limit block 50 is provided with a safety limit hole that is compatible with the handle mounting portion 41, further limiting the stroke of each part.

[0036] The main improvement of the present invention is that the fracture failure of the rivet assembly can be detected in time through the rivet fracture detection device. The rivet fracture detection device includes a control module and a sensing module, wherein the sensing module is used to detect the fracture failure, and the control module is connected to the sensing module and communicates with the alarm system of the machining center to send the fracture failure signal in time. The alarm system of the machining center can then control the spindle to stop and drive the drive device to realize the tool changing action.

[0037] Specifically, the sensing module includes a signal sensing unit arranged on the spindle box 8 and a signal generating unit arranged on the pull rod assembly; in the working state, the signal generating unit is located within the signal receiving range of the signal sensing unit, that is, the signal sensing unit can obtain the pulse signal generated by the signal generating unit and transmit it to the control module, and the control module considers that it is working normally; and when a fracture fault occurs, the signal generating unit moves with the pull rod assembly in the direction away from the pull nail assembly and exceeds the signal receiving range of the signal sensing unit. At this time, the control module cannot receive the pulse signal, and a warning occurs.

[0038] Specifically, the signal generating unit includes a knife-pressing pin 60, a signal through-hole 200 is defined on the pull rod assembly, and a clearance through-hole 140 is defined on the side of the spindle 1. The clearance through-hole 140 is oval in shape, with its long axis parallel to the axial direction of the center hole 10 of the spindle 1. The knife-pressing pin 60 is disposed within the signal through-hole 200 and the clearance through-hole 140, with both ends extending to the exterior of the spindle 1. Preferably, the signal sensing unit includes a proximity switch 70, and the control module includes a PLC.

[0039] In the working state, the knife pressing pin 60 is arranged opposite to the proximity switch 70, and the proximity switch 70 can identify the knife pressing pin 60. At this time, the rivet head 40 is stably confined in the open groove 300 by the steel ball 31, and the spring 22 is compressed; when a breakage failure occurs, the force of the rivet assembly on the spring 22 disappears, and the spring 22 recovers its deformation, causing the pull rod body 20 to move upward, thereby driving the knife pressing pin 60 to move upward and causing the proximity switch 70 to be unable to obtain its pulse signal. At this time, the PLC sends an alarm to the alarm system of the machining center, and the alarm system can control the spindle 1 to stop, and control the drive device to push the pull rod assembly downward to achieve tool change.

[0040] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool changing mechanism with rivet breakage detection, characterized in that: It comprises a spindle arranged in a spindle housing, a broaching device arranged in a center hole of the spindle, and a broach fracture detection device; wherein, The broaching device comprises a drawbar assembly and a draw nail assembly detachably connected to one end of the drawbar assembly; the other end of the drawbar assembly is connected to a driving device; the draw nail assembly is used to install the tool; The pull nail fracture detection device includes a control module and a sensing module, the control module is connected to the sensing module and communicates with the alarm system of the machining center; the sensing module includes a signal sensing unit provided on the spindle housing and a signal generating unit provided on the pull rod assembly; In a working state, the signal generating unit is located within the signal receiving range of the signal sensing unit; When a fracture fault occurs, the signal generating unit moves along with the pull rod assembly in a direction away from the pull nail assembly and exceeds the signal receiving range of the signal sensing unit; The central hole of the spindle includes a first through-hole section, a second through-hole section, a guide section, and a third through-hole section arranged in sequence; the diameter of the first through-hole section is larger than the diameter of the second through-hole section, the diameter of the second through-hole section is smaller than the diameter of the third through-hole section, and the diameter of the guide section gradually increases from the second through-hole section toward the third through-hole section; The tie rod assembly includes a tie rod body and a tie rod head, wherein the diameter of the tie rod body is smaller than the diameter of the first through hole section; an end surface of the tie rod head is provided with an open groove, and a side wall of the open groove is provided with a plurality of radially extending mounting through holes, wherein steel balls are provided in the mounting through holes, and the diameter of the steel balls is greater than the length of the mounting through holes; The rivet assembly includes a rivet head and a handle mounting portion. In a working state, the rivet head is detachably arranged in the open groove through the steel ball. The rivet head comprises a first guide head section, a rivet body, and a second guide head section, which are sequentially arranged; the first guide head section is truncated cone-shaped, and the rivet body is loosely fitted in the open groove; the second guide head section is inverted truncated cone-shaped; in a working state, the steel ball abuts against the side surface of the second guide head section; The pull rod assembly further includes a limiting unit, which includes a spring and a limiting sleeve; the limiting sleeve is sleeved on one end of the pull rod body; the other end of the pull rod body is sleeved with a pull rod limiting block, and the spring is sleeved on the pull rod body and located between the limiting sleeve and the pull rod limiting block; In the working state, the spring is in a compressed state and a travel space of a set length is provided between the lower end surface of the limiting sleeve and the step end surface of the first through hole section.

2. The tool changing mechanism with rivet breakage detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety limit block is arranged in the third through hole section, and the handle mounting portion is in a truncated cone shape; the safety limit block is provided with a safety limit through hole adapted to the handle mounting portion.

3. The tool changing mechanism with rivet fracture detection according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The signal generating unit includes a knife pressing pin, a signal through hole is opened on the pull rod assembly, and a clearance through hole is opened on the side of the main shaft. The clearance through hole is oval in shape, and its long axis is parallel to the axial direction of the center hole of the main shaft; the knife pressing pin is arranged in the signal through hole and the clearance through hole, and its two ends extend to the outside of the main shaft.

4. The tool changing mechanism with rivet breakage detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The signal sensing unit includes a proximity switch.

5. The tool changing mechanism with rivet breakage detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control module includes a PLC.

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