An adjustment-free self-compensating hub brake structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses an adjustment-free self-compensating hub brake structure, comprising a shell and a brake shoe, a brake shoe being provided on the inner side of the shell, a pivot adjustment mechanism being provided at one end of the brake shoe, and a driving mechanism being provided at the other end to drive the brake shoe to expand and brake, the pivot adjustment mechanism being movably connected to the driving mechanism through a connecting rod, and the pivot adjustment mechanism being driven by the driving mechanism through the connecting rod to adjust the wear clearance of the brake shoe; the pivot adjustment mechanism comprises a pivot shaft and an adjusting component, one end of the adjusting component being fixedly connected to the shell, and the other end being rotatably connected to the connecting rod, the pivot shafts being symmetrically arranged on both sides of the adjusting component and pivotally connected to the arc end of the brake shoe, and the adjusting component adjusting the pivot shafts on both sides to move outward a distance to compensate for the clearance; the problem that the clearance between the shoe assembly of the existing brake and the wheel hub becomes larger after long-term wear, the brake clearance adjustment will cause jamming, asynchronous adjustment or inability to adjust in the later stage, and the friction material at the far end of the cam shaft is not sufficiently worn is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of brakes for bicycles and electric vehicles, and in particular to an adjustment-free self-compensating hub brake structure. Background Art

[0002] Bicycles and electric bikes are widely used in daily life for their convenience and speed. Hub brakes utilize a rocker arm to rotate the camshaft, which in turn forces the shoe assemblies on both sides to expand and engage the brake drum. Friction between the drum and the shoe assembly stops the wheel. Over time, the shoe assemblies wear out, widening the gap between them and the wheel hub. This often leads to reduced braking performance and brake failure, requiring the user to manually adjust the brakes, tighten the brake cables, or replace the brakes, a complex and time-consuming process. Manually adjusting the brake clearance is difficult to achieve and accurate.

[0003] To this end, technical personnel in this field have continuously explored and studied, such as the brake device and vehicle with announcement number CN214356498U. The above scheme has an adjusting effect on the wear clearance of the brake parts. However, after the brakes have been used for a period of time, the adjusting mechanism will become stuck, the adjustment will be asynchronous or unable to be adjusted, and the adjustment range will be very small.

[0004] After analysis, the reasons are as follows: a ratchet is provided at one end of the adjusting screw, which cooperates with the pusher dog provided on the bottom surface of the camshaft mating part for adjustment. When the pusher dog on the camshaft rotates circumferentially with the camshaft, a deviation angle is generated between the pusher dog and the ratchet tooth that was originally in the axially parallel meshing position. Due to the increase in the wear clearance, the circumferential rotation angle of the pusher dog as the camshaft rotates becomes larger, resulting in insufficient contact between the pusher dog and the ratchet wheel, poor transmission reliability and synchronization, and jamming, unilateral adjustment or inability to adjust will occur during the adjustment process. It is inconvenient to adjust the wear clearance of the shoe group at a later stage. In addition, the drum brake in the prior art has the problem of waste due to the friction material at the camshaft wheel end being worn out and the far end being scrapped without sufficient wear. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a self-adjusting drum brake for electric vehicles, which solves the problems of the existing brake shoe assembly wearing out for a long time, the gap between the shoe assembly and the wheel hub becoming larger, the brake clearance adjustment will cause jamming in the later stage, the adjustment will be asynchronous or impossible to adjust, and the friction material at the far end of the cam shaft will not be fully worn.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An adjustment-free self-compensating hub brake structure comprises a shell and a brake shoe, a brake shoe is provided on the inner side of the shell, a pivot adjustment mechanism is provided at one end of the brake shoe, and a driving mechanism for driving the brake shoe to expand and brake is provided at the other end, the pivot adjustment mechanism and the driving mechanism are movably connected by a connecting rod, and the pivot adjustment mechanism is driven by the driving mechanism through the connecting rod to adjust the wear clearance of the brake shoe; the pivot adjustment mechanism comprises a pivot shaft and an adjustment component, one end of the adjustment component is fixedly connected to the shell, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, the pivot shaft is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the adjustment component and pivotally connected to the arc end of the brake shoe, and the adjustment component adjusts the pivot shafts on both sides to move outward a distance to compensate for the gap.

[0008] Further improvements are: the driving mechanism includes a camshaft, a shift rod and a rocker arm, one end of the camshaft is provided with a camshaft body that is detachably connected to the rocker arm, and the other end is provided with a cam portion that abuts the brake shoe, the top end of the cam portion is fixedly connected to the shift rod, and the shift rod is provided with a pin shaft that is movably connected to one end of the connecting rod.

[0009] Further improvements are: the adjustment assembly includes a pivot fixing seat, a ratchet, a shift cover, an elastic member and a special-shaped adjustment ring, the ratchet is arranged in a hollow cavity on the upper part of the pivot fixing seat, the upper end of the hollow cavity is provided with an opening, the opening is provided with a shift cover, the upper end of the shift cover is provided with a connecting pin shaft that is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, the lower end is provided with a shift claw that abuts against the ratchet teeth on the ratchet, the elastic member is arranged on the shift cover to keep the shift cover in contact with the ratchet, through holes are symmetrically provided on both sides of the hollow cavity, a special-shaped adjustment ring is provided in the through hole, one end of the special-shaped adjustment ring is threadedly connected to the pivot shaft, and the other end is detachably fixed to the ratchet.

[0010] A further improvement is that a dust cover is provided between the shifting cover plate and the ratchet wheel, the dust cover is provided with a through hole structure, and the shifting claw passes through the through hole structure and abuts against the ratchet teeth.

[0011] Further improvements are: the ratchet is symmetrically provided with convex polygonal structures on both sides, the convex polygonal structure is adapted to be connected with the polygonal countersunk inner hole provided at one end of the special-shaped adjustment ring, the other end of the special-shaped adjustment ring is provided with a threaded hole, the pivot shaft is provided with an arc-shaped pivot part pivotally connected to the arc-shaped end of the brake shoe, flange stop parts are provided at both ends of the arc-shaped pivot part, and a threaded adjustment rod is provided on one side of the arc-shaped pivot part in the vertical direction of the axis to adapt to the threaded hole.

[0012] Further improvements are: a base is provided at the lower end of the pivot fixing seat and is fixedly connected to the shell, the elastic part is provided with a fitting through hole, the fitting through hole is sleeved on the special-shaped adjustment ring and fits with the pivot fixing seat, the outer side of the elastic part is provided with an inward folding claw which is clamped on the shift cover plate and one side of the pivot fixing seat, and the elastic part is made of elastic material.

[0013] A further improvement is that the opening at the upper end of the pivot fixing seat is configured as a snap-fit structure with two relatively side surfaces higher than the other side surfaces, and the dust cover and the deflection cover are embedded in the opening of the snap-fit structure.

[0014] A further improvement is that elastic reset parts are provided at both ends of the brake shoe so that the brake shoe always has a reset tendency, and the elastic reset parts are configured as tension reset springs and / or "O"-shaped springs and / or polygonal structure springs.

[0015] A further improvement is that a camshaft insertion hole, a pivot fixing seat installation slot, a lug structure and a frame fixing part are provided in the shell, and a brake wire insertion structure is provided on the lug structure, which together with a brake wire fixing structure provided at the other end of the rocker arm forms a manual wear gap adjustment structure.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. In the present application, the rocker arm of the drive mechanism drives the camshaft to rotate, driving the brake shoe to expand a certain angle for braking, and driving the connecting rod to linearly drive the adjustment assembly to perform reciprocating motion. When the brake shoe wear is very small, the adjustment assembly can only perform linear reciprocating motion driven by the connecting rod, and the pivot shaft is not adjusted, so that a reasonable braking clearance is maintained between the brake shoe and the brake drum, and jamming due to excessively small braking clearance will not occur. When the brake shoe reaches a certain amount of wear, the adjustment assembly adjusts the pivot shaft matched with it to move outward a certain distance, thereby pushing the arc-shaped end of the brake shoe outward to adjust a certain distance to compensate for the wear clearance. This linear drive clearance adjustment can ensure that the pusher pawl is in full contact with the ratchet teeth, thereby ensuring the reliability of the mechanism and the synchronization of the transmission, and the accuracy of the wear clearance adjustment.

[0018] 2. The pivot axis is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the adjustment component and is pivotally connected to the arc end of the brake shoe. When the pivot end is adjusted to a certain degree, a small angle will be generated between the brake shoe and the adjustment component, and the brake shoe will pivot and resolve automatically without causing adjustment jamming. The structure is reasonable and the adjustment is convenient and flexible.

[0019] 3. Since the pivot adjustment mechanism is configured at one end of the pivot, when the brake shoe at the camshaft end is worn, the friction plate at the pivot end is continuously adjusted to participate in the brake wear, thereby improving the disadvantage of incomplete wear at the pivot end of the drum brake, making full use of the brake shoe and extending the service life of the brake;

[0020] 4. The adjustment component is provided with a hollow cavity, in which a ratchet is installed in the pivot fixing seat. A linearly driven shift cover is provided above the pivot fixing seat. A shift claw is provided under the shift cover plate to cooperate with the ratchet to adjust the gap. The opening of the upper cover of the pivot fixing seat is provided with a snap-fit structure, so that the back-and-forth movement of the shift cover plate has a guide limit, and the transmission is smooth and reliable. An elastic member is also spring-loaded on the shift cover plate, and an inward folding claw is provided on the outer side of the elastic member to be clamped on one side of the shift cover plate and the pivot fixing seat, which can effectively ensure the reliable cooperation and sufficient contact between the shift cover plate and the shift claw and the ratchet, thereby improving the reliability of the gap adjustment and the synchronization of the transmission.

[0021] 5. The rotation of the ratchet drives the special-shaped adjustment rings on both sides to rotate simultaneously through the convex polygon, ensuring synchronous compensation of the brake shoes on both sides;

[0022] 6. The ratchet is installed in the pivot fixing seat of the hollow cavity of the adjustment component, and a linear drive shift cover is provided above the pivot fixing seat, with a dust cover added between the two, which effectively prevents foreign matter from entering and ensures more reliable transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the components of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the driving mechanism and the pivot adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a main schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the overall details of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the pivot adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional exploded view of the pivot adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pivot fixing seat of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the ratchet structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the blocking cover plate of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the special-shaped adjustment ring of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the pivot shaft structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure symbols: 10-housing, 11-camshaft through-hole, 12-pivot fixing seat mounting groove, 13-lug structure, 14-frame fixing portion, 20-brake shoe, 30-camshaft, 32-camshaft body, 31-cam portion, 33-shift lever, 40-elastic reset member, 50-pivot adjustment mechanism, 51-pivot shaft, 511-arc-shaped pivot portion, 512-flange stop portion, 513-threaded adjustment rod portion, 52-special-shaped adjustment ring, 521-polygonal countersunk inner Hole, 522-threaded hole, 53-shift cover, 531-shift claw, 532-connecting pin, 54-elastic member, 541-fitting through hole, 542-inward folding claw, 55-dust cover, 551-through hole structure, 56-ratchet, 561-ratchet tooth, 562-convex polygonal structure, 57-pivot fixing seat, 571-base, 572-hollow cavity, 573-opening, 574-through hole, 60-connecting rod, 70-rocker arm, 71-brake line fixing structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This embodiment is only used to explain the present invention and does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the combination or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0040] like Figure 1-4An embodiment of an adjustment-free self-compensating hub brake structure is provided, comprising a housing 10 and a brake shoe 20. The brake shoe 20 is provided inside the housing 10, and a pivot adjustment mechanism 50 is provided at one end of the brake shoe 20, and a driving mechanism for driving the brake shoe 20 to engage and engage the brake is provided at the other end. The pivot adjustment mechanism 50 is movably connected to the driving mechanism through a connecting rod 60, and the pivot adjustment mechanism 50 is driven by the driving mechanism through the connecting rod 60 to adjust the wear clearance of the brake shoe 20; the pivot adjustment mechanism 50 includes a pivot shaft 51 and an adjustment component, and one end of the adjustment component is connected to the housing. The body 10 is fixedly connected, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 60. The pivot shaft 51 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the adjustment component and is pivotally connected to the arc end of the brake shoe 20. The adjustment component adjusts the pivot shafts 51 on both sides to move outward a distance to compensate for the gap; the driving mechanism includes a camshaft 31, a shift rod 33 and a rocker arm 70. One end of the camshaft 30 is provided with a camshaft body 32 that is detachably connected to the rocker arm 70, and the other end is provided with a cam portion 31 that abuts against the brake shoe 20. The top of the cam portion (32) is fixedly connected to the shift rod 33. The shift rod 33 is provided with a pin and a connecting rod 60 one end is movably connected; when the rocker arm drives the camshaft to rotate, the brake shoe is driven to expand a certain angle for braking, and the connecting rod is driven to linearly drive the adjusting assembly to make a reciprocating motion back and forth; when the wear of the brake shoe is very small, the adjusting assembly can only make a linear reciprocating motion driven by the connecting rod, and the pivot shaft is not adjusted, so that a reasonable braking clearance is maintained between the brake shoe and the brake drum; when the brake shoe reaches a certain wear amount, the adjusting assembly adjusts the pivot shaft matched with it to move outward a certain distance, thereby pushing the arc-shaped end of the brake shoe to adjust outward a certain distance to compensate for the wear clearance; this linear drive The dynamic clearance adjustment has a reasonable structure and is convenient and flexible to adjust. The pivot axes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the adjusting component and are pivotally connected to the arc end of the brake shoe. With this arrangement, when the pivot end is adjusted to a certain degree, a small angle will be generated between the brake shoe and the adjusting component, and the brake shoe will pivot and release automatically, and there will be no adjustment jamming phenomenon. Since the adjusting component is arranged at one end of the pivot, when the brake shoe at the camshaft end is worn, the friction plate at the pivot end is continuously adjusted to participate in the braking wear, thereby improving the incomplete wear defect of the pivot end of the drum brake, making full use of the brake shoe and extending the service life of the brake.

[0041] More preferably: elastic return parts 40 are also provided at both ends of the brake shoe 20, so that the brake shoe 20 always has a return tendency, and the elastic return part 40 is set as a tensile return spring and / or an "O"-shaped spring and / or a polygonal structure spring; the "O"-shaped spring can also be set as a polygonal structure spring, that is, two return springs are set at both ends of the shoe group, or one end is a return spring and the other end is an "O"-shaped spring, or one end is a return spring and the other end is a polygonal structure spring, or a single "O"-shaped spring is used, or a single polygonal structure spring is used, and the selection is made according to the return force required for the use type; the rocker arm is also equipped with a return torsion spring to ensure reliable reset.

[0042] More preferably: Figure 5-12 The adjustment assembly includes a pivot fixing seat 57, a ratchet 56, a shift cover 53, an elastic member 54 and a special-shaped adjustment ring 52. The lower end of the pivot fixing seat 57 is provided with a base 571 fixedly connected to the shell 10. The pivot fixing seat 57 can be integrally formed as an insert when the shell 10 is manufactured, or the pivot fixing seat 57 and the shell 10 can be made into a split type, wherein the base 571 is made into an anti-rotation polygon or spline structure, which is adapted to the shell 10. The ratchet 56 is arranged in a hollow cavity 572 on the upper part of the pivot fixing seat 57, and the upper end of the hollow cavity 572 is provided with a The opening 573 is provided with a dust cover 55, a shift cover plate 53 and an elastic member 54. The upper end of the shift cover plate 53 is provided with a connecting pin 532 which is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 60. The lower end is provided with a shift claw 531 which passes through the through-hole structure 551 provided on the dust cover 55 and abuts against the ratchet 561 on the ratchet 56. The elastic member 54 is pressed on the upper end surface of the shift cover plate 53 so that the shift claw 531 on the shift cover plate 53 maintains contact with the ratchet 561. The convex polygonal structure 562 is adapted to be connected to one end of the special-shaped adjustment ring 52. The hollow cavity The body 572 is symmetrically provided with through holes 574 on both sides, and the through holes 574 are passed through the special-shaped adjustment ring 52. One end of the special-shaped adjustment ring 52 is provided with a threaded hole 522 which is threadedly connected to the pivot shaft 51, and the other end is provided with a polygonal countersunk inner hole 521, which is detachably fixedly connected to the convex polygonal structure 562 symmetrically provided on both sides of the ratchet 56. The polygonal countersunk inner hole 521 and the convex polygonal structure 562 are preferably hexagonal. Such a structure is firm and stable, and can accurately and effectively convert the wear rotation angle of the camshaft end into the relative rotation angle of the shift cover plate and the ratchet The movement distance, the brake shoe reaches a certain wear amount, the movement distance increases to the point that the pusher claw jumps over a tooth of the ratchet, and the special-shaped adjusting ring adjusts the pivot shaft matched with its thread to move outward a distance, thereby pushing the arc-shaped end of the brake shoe to adjust outward a distance to compensate for the wear gap; the rotation of the ratchet drives the special-shaped adjusting rings on both sides to rotate simultaneously through the convex polygon, ensuring synchronous compensation of the brake shoes on both sides; a straight-pushing cover plate is provided above the pivot fixing seat, and a dust cover is provided between the two. This structure is firm and stable, ensuring more reliable transmission and effectively preventing foreign matter from entering.

[0043] More preferably: Figure 8 The elastic member 54 is shown with a mounting hole 541, which is fitted over the special-shaped adjustment ring 52 and engages with the pivot fixing seat 57. The elastic member 54 is provided with an inwardly folded claw 542 on its outer side, which engages with the deflection cover 53 and one side of the pivot fixing seat 57. The elastic member 54 is made of an elastic material. This arrangement effectively ensures the movement of the deflection cover and reliable engagement with the ratchet.

[0044] More preferably: Figure 13The pivot shaft 51 is provided with an arc-shaped pivot portion 511 pivotally connected to the arc-shaped end of the brake shoe. Flange retaining portions 512 are provided at both ends of the arc-shaped pivot portion 511. A threaded adjustment rod 513 is provided on one side of the arc-shaped pivot portion 511, perpendicular to the axis, to mate with a threaded hole 522. Preferably, the pivot portion 511 is configured as a semicircular arc, with the threaded adjustment rod provided on one flat side. This arrangement allows for convenient and reliable clearance adjustment through the threads, while ensuring full and effective contact with the arc-shaped end of the brake shoe, preventing slippage. Furthermore, the lever can pivot automatically to a desired angle without causing any jamming during adjustment, resulting in a rational structure and convenient and flexible adjustment.

[0045] More preferred embodiment 2: Figure 9 The opening 573 at the upper end of the pivot mount 57 is configured as a snap-fit structure, with the two side surfaces with the through-holes positioned higher than the side surfaces of the deflector cover 53 in the direction of motion. The dust cover 55 and deflector cover 53 are fitted within the snap-fitting opening. The remaining structure is the same as in Example 1. This arrangement provides a guide and limit for the reciprocating motion of the deflector cover, ensuring smooth and reliable movement.

[0046] More preferably: the housing 10 is provided with a camshaft insertion hole 11, a pivot fixing seat installation groove 12, a lug structure 13 and a frame fixing part 14, and the lug structure 13 is provided with a brake wire insertion structure and a brake wire fixing structure 71 provided at the other end of the rocker arm 70 to form a manual wear gap adjustment structure.

[0047] The operating principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0048] When the hub brake is applied, the rocker arm 70 is pulled by the brake wire to drive the camshaft 30 to rotate, and the camshaft 30 drives the brake shoe 20 to expand around the pivot adjustment mechanism 51, so that the brake shoe 20 contacts the vehicle brake hub, generating friction to slow down the vehicle and achieve a braking effect.

[0049] When the camshaft 30 rotates, it also drives the shift lever 33 to rotate, and the rotation of the shift lever 33 drives the connecting rod 60 to move, and the connecting rod 60 drives the shift cover plate 53 to make a linear reciprocating motion in the hollow cavity 572 of the pivot fixing seat 57; after the hub brake has been used for a period of time, as the brake shoe wears continuously, the rotation angle of the camshaft 30 gradually increases, and the reciprocating motion distance of the shift claw 531 on the shift cover plate 53 continues to increase. When the movement spacing of the shift claw 531 increases to cross the next tooth of the ratchet wheel 56, when the brake shoe is reset, the shift claw 531 will hook the ratchet tooth of the ratchet wheel 56 and move back, driving the ratchet wheel 56 to rotate one tooth. The rotation of the ratchet wheel 56 drives the special-shaped adjusting rings 52 on both sides to rotate simultaneously through the convex polygon. The special-shaped adjusting ring 52 drives the threaded adjusting rod portion 513 of the pivot shaft 51 to move a distance to both sides through the built-in threaded hole, thereby driving the brake shoe 20 to move a distance to both sides, so that the gap of the brake shoe 20 caused by wear is compensated.

[0050] This avoids the need for users to manually adjust the hub brake after using it for a period of time. The brake automatically compensates through the adjustment mechanism set at the pivot end, so that the brake shoe at the pivot end is continuously involved in the brake wear, greatly improving the service life of the hub brake.

[0051] The embodiments disclosed in the present invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited to them. Ordinary technicians in this field can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. As long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustment-free self-compensating hub brake structure, comprising a housing (10) and a brake shoe (20), wherein the brake shoe (20) is provided inside the housing (10), and characterized in that: One end of the brake shoe (20) is provided with a pivot adjustment mechanism (50), and the other end is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the brake shoe (20) to expand and close for braking. The pivot adjustment mechanism (50) and the driving mechanism are movably connected via a connecting rod (60). The pivot adjustment mechanism (50) is driven by the driving mechanism via the connecting rod (60) to adjust the wear clearance of the brake shoe (20). The pivot adjustment mechanism (50) includes a pivot shaft (51) and an adjustment component, one end of the adjustment component is fixedly connected to the housing (10), and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (60), the pivot shafts (51) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the adjustment component and are pivotally connected to the arc end of the brake shoe (20), and the adjustment component adjusts the pivot shafts (51) on both sides to move outward a distance to compensate for the gap; The driving mechanism comprises a camshaft (30), a shifting rod (33) and a rocker arm (70); one end of the camshaft (30) is provided with a camshaft body (32) detachably connected to the rocker arm (70); the other end is provided with a cam portion (31) abutting against the brake shoe (20); the top end of the cam portion (31) is fixedly connected to the shifting rod (33); the shifting rod (33) is provided with a pin shaft movably connected to one end of the connecting rod (60); The adjustment assembly comprises a pivot fixing seat (57), a ratchet (56), a deflecting cover plate (53), an elastic member (54) and a special-shaped adjustment ring (52), wherein the ratchet (56) is arranged in a hollow cavity (572) at the upper portion of the pivot fixing seat (57), an opening (573) is provided at the upper end of the hollow cavity (572), a deflecting cover plate (53) is provided on the opening (573), and a connecting pin (532) is provided at the upper end of the deflecting cover plate (53) for rotationally connecting with the connecting rod (60). The lower end is provided with a shifting claw (531) that abuts against the ratchet teeth (561) on the ratchet (56), and the elastic member (54) is provided on the shifting cover plate (53) so that the shifting cover plate (53) and the ratchet (56) are kept in contact, and through holes (574) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the hollow cavity (572), and a special-shaped adjustment ring (52) is provided in the through hole (574), and one end of the special-shaped adjustment ring (52) is threadedly connected to the pivot shaft (51), and the other end is detachably connected to the ratchet (56).

2. The adjustment-free self-compensating hub brake structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust cover (55) is further provided between the shifting cover plate (53) and the ratchet (56), and a through-hole structure (551) is provided on the dust cover (55). The shifting claw (531) passes through the through-hole structure (551) and abuts against the ratchet (561).

3. The adjustment-free self-compensating hub brake structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratchet (56) is symmetrically provided with outwardly convex polygonal structures (562) on both sides. The outwardly convex polygonal structures (562) are adapted to be connected with a polygonal countersunk inner hole (521) provided at one end of the special-shaped adjustment ring (52). The other end of the special-shaped adjustment ring (52) is provided with a threaded hole (522). The pivot shaft (51) is provided with an arc-shaped pivot portion (511) pivotally connected to the arc-shaped end of the brake shoe. Flange stop portions (512) are provided at both ends of the arc-shaped pivot portion (511). A threaded adjustment rod portion (513) is provided on one side of the arc-shaped pivot portion (511) in a direction perpendicular to the axis thereof and adapted to be adapted to the threaded hole (522).

4. The adjustment-free self-compensating hub brake structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the pivot fixing seat (57) is provided with a base (571) fixedly connected to the housing (10), the elastic member (54) is provided with a fitting through hole (541), the fitting through hole (541) is sleeved on the special-shaped adjustment ring (52) and fits with the pivot fixing seat (57), the outer side of the elastic member (54) is provided with an inward folding claw (542) clamped on the deflection cover (53) and one side of the pivot fixing seat (57), and the elastic member (54) is made of elastic material.

5. The adjustment-free self-compensating hub brake structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The opening (573) at the upper end of the pivot fixing seat (57) is configured as a snap-fit structure with two relatively side surfaces higher than the other side surfaces, and the dust cover (55) and the deflecting cover plate (53) are embedded in the opening of the snap-fit structure.

6. The adjustment-free self-compensating hub brake structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Elastic reset members (40) are also provided at both ends of the brake shoe (20), so that the brake shoe (20) always has a reset tendency, and the elastic reset member (40) is configured as a tension reset spring and / or an "O"-shaped spring and / or a polygonal structure spring.

7. The adjustment-free self-compensating hub brake structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The housing (10) is provided with a camshaft insertion hole (11), a pivot fixing seat installation groove (12), a lug structure (13) and a frame fixing portion (14); the lug structure (13) is provided with a brake wire insertion structure, which together with a brake wire fixing structure (71) provided at the other end of the rocker arm (70) forms a manual wear clearance adjustment structure.

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