Decoupled structures and antenna arrays

Abstract

The present application provides a decoupling structure and antenna array, wherein the decoupling structure is arranged between at least two adjacent antenna units in a MIMO array, and includes: at least two decoupling components, and a conductor connecting component connecting at least two decoupling components, wherein the decoupling component is used to electrically couple with the electromagnetic waves emitted by the adjacent antenna units to generate an induced current. Thus, the decoupling structure can generate dual-polarized electric field components based on the induced current, and act on the two polarizations of the coupled antenna respectively to offset the coupling and improve antenna isolation. At the same time, the decoupling structure has good compactness and independence, and can be implemented on a large scale.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, in particular to the field of MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology, and specifically to a decoupling structure and an antenna array. Background Art

[0002] MIMO is an antenna system that uses multiple transmit antennas at the transmitter and multiple receive antennas at the receiver, creating multiple channels between the transmitter and receiver. It boasts extremely high spectrum efficiency and can significantly increase channel capacity. It is a core technology in technologies such as Wi-Fi (wireless network communication technology) and 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology). To ensure good MIMO characteristics in an antenna system, antennas should have high isolation or low coupling to reduce correlation between them. However, related technologies, due to considerations such as cost, aesthetics, and structural characteristics, often pursue miniaturization of antenna systems, which reduces the distance between antennas and degrades the isolation between adjacent antennas. This degraded isolation directly reduces the communication efficiency and overall throughput of MIMO communications. Therefore, how to effectively improve antenna isolation is a worthy research issue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0004] To this end, the first purpose of this application is to propose a decoupling structure to generate dual-polarized electric field components based on induced current, and act on the two polarizations of the coupled antenna respectively to offset the coupling and improve the antenna isolation.

[0005] The second objective of this application is to provide an antenna array.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, a first embodiment of the present application provides a decoupling structure, which is arranged between at least two adjacent antenna units in a MIMO array. The decoupling structure includes: at least two decoupling components, and a conductor connecting component connecting the at least two decoupling components;

[0007] The decoupling component is used to electrically couple with the electromagnetic waves emitted by adjacent antenna units to generate induced current.

[0008] Optionally, as a first possible implementation of the first aspect, the conductor connecting component has two opposite ends in its length direction;

[0009] The two ends are respectively connected to the bottom ends of the two adjacent decoupling components; and the bottom ends of the decoupling components are in contact with the circuit board on which the MIMO array is provided.

[0010] Optionally, as a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the decoupling component includes a body and a branch structure connected to the body.

[0011] Optionally, as a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the number of the decoupling components in the decoupling structure is two.

[0012] The decoupling structure of an embodiment of the present application is disposed between at least two adjacent antenna units in a MIMO array and includes at least two decoupling components and a conductor connecting component connecting the at least two decoupling components. The decoupling components are configured to electrically couple with electromagnetic waves emitted by adjacent antenna units to generate an induced current. Thus, the decoupling structure can generate dual-polarized electric field components based on the induced current, acting separately on the two polarizations of the coupled antenna to offset the coupling and improve antenna isolation. This also makes the decoupling structure compact and independent, enabling large-scale implementation.

[0013] To achieve the above-mentioned object, a second embodiment of the present application provides an antenna array, wherein the antenna array has antenna units arranged in an array;

[0014] Wherein, a decoupling structure as described in the first aspect is arranged between at least two antenna units.

[0015] Optionally, as a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the decoupling structure is electrically connected to the ground of the antenna array.

[0016] Optionally, as a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, adjacent decoupling structures share the decoupling component.

[0017] Optionally, as a third possible implementation manner of the second aspect, adjacent decoupling structures are connected, or adjacent decoupling structures are isolated from each other.

[0018] Optionally, as a fourth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the type of the antenna array is a dual-polarized antenna array.

[0019] The antenna array of the embodiment of the present application has antenna units arranged in an array, wherein a decoupling structure as described in the first aspect is provided between at least two antenna units to improve antenna isolation.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a decoupling structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the principles of three decoupling solutions used in related technologies;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another decoupling structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 A diagram showing the relationship between the positions of a decoupling structure and antenna units in Massive MIMO provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the simulation results of the same-polarization isolation and the different-polarization isolation of a decoupling structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of another antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application; and

[0030] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0032] The decoupling structure and antenna array according to the embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a decoupling structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] In related technologies, in order to further improve the communication throughput of the antenna system, the dual-polarization antenna solution is widely used in the MIMO technology solution. Taking into account people's habit of using mobile phones, ±45° dual polarization has become the main polarization mode of dual-polarization MIMO.

[0035] Compared with single polarization, dual polarization decoupling is more difficult. Especially in Massive MIMO, the complexity and difficulty of decoupling will increase exponentially with the increase of the number of antenna units in the array. Figure 2 There are three decoupling schemes shown. Figure 2 (a) is the neutral line solution, Figure 2 (b) is the array decoupling surface (ADS) scheme, Figure 2 (c) is the electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) scheme.

[0036] like Figure 2 In the neutralization line solution shown in (a), a neutralization line is connected between the two antennas. This line generates a decoupling signal with a phase opposite to the coupled signal, achieving decoupling through the mutual cancellation of the coupled and decoupled signals. However, this solution can only decouple two antenna elements, and a single neutralization line can only address one coupling path for a pair of antennas. To achieve dual-polarization isolation for a pair of antennas, at least four neutralization lines are required.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown in (b), in the ADS (Array Decoupling Surfaces) solution, the signal from antenna 1 is incident on the decoupling unit 1, which stimulates the decoupling signal. Decoupling is also achieved by the mutual cancellation of the coupled signal and the decoupling signal. However, this solution is not suitable for Massive MIMO because the ADS decoupling complexity is n 2 , where n is the number of elements in the MIMO array. Therefore, when the number of elements in the MIMO array is too large, decoupling becomes particularly complex. And for dual-polarized antennas, the ADS decoupling complexity is (2n) 2 .

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown in (c), unlike the previous two schemes, the EBG (Electromagnetic Band Gap) scheme presents a high-impedance surface relative to the coupled signal, achieving decoupling through high-impedance suppression. However, due to its periodic structure, the EBG requires a large space, making it less practical.

[0039] In summary, the neutralization line and ADS solutions offer advantages in solving dual-antenna single-polarization coupling problems, but are not suitable for dual-polarization Massive MIMO coupling. The EBG solution's decoupling structure occupies too much space, making compact layouts impossible and limiting its practicality.

[0040] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a decoupling structure to generate dual-polarized electric field components based on the induced current, and act on the two polarizations of the coupled antenna respectively to offset the coupling and improve the antenna isolation. Figure 1 As shown, the decoupling structure includes: a decoupling component 11 , a decoupling component 12 and a conductor connecting component 13 .

[0041] In which, the decoupling structure can be arranged between at least two adjacent antenna units in the MIMO array. The decoupling component 11 and the decoupling component 12 are used to electrically couple with the electromagnetic waves emitted by the adjacent antenna units to generate an induced current. The conductor connecting component 13 is used to connect the decoupling component 11 and the decoupling component 12. It should be noted that the decoupling structure is arranged between at least two adjacent antenna units in the MIMO array, and may or may not be in contact with the MIMO array circuit board. As a possible implementation method, the conductor connecting component 13 can connect the decoupling component 11 and the decoupling component 12 by having two opposite ends in its length direction, wherein the opposite ends are respectively connected to the bottom ends of the decoupling component 11 and the decoupling component 12, and the bottom ends of the decoupling component 11 and the decoupling component 12 are both in contact with the MIMO array circuit board.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the decoupling component 11 and the conductor connecting component 13 are directly connected, the decoupling component 12 and the conductor connecting component 13 are directly connected, and the decoupling component 11 and the decoupling component 12 are indirectly connected via the conductor connecting component 13 .

[0043] It should be noted that Figure 1 The shapes of the decoupling component 11, the decoupling component 12, and the conductor connecting component 13 shown in the figure are merely exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. The shapes of the decoupling component 11, the decoupling component 12, and the conductor connecting component 13 can be one of the following shapes or a combination of the following shapes: a cylinder, a cuboid, a triangular pyramid, a cone, a truncated cone, a sphere, or an ellipsoid. Furthermore, the shapes of the decoupling component 11, the decoupling component 12, and the conductor connecting component 13 can be the same or different, and this is not limited in this embodiment.

[0044] It should be noted that Figure 1The number of decoupling components and conductor connection components shown in the figure is also merely exemplary and is intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. That is to say, although the number of decoupling components in the decoupling structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is two, namely, decoupling component 11 and decoupling component 12, and the corresponding number of conductor connecting components connecting the decoupling components is one, namely, conductor connecting component 13, in the decoupling structure provided in the present application, the number of decoupling components and conductor connecting components can be other numbers. For example, the number of decoupling components in the decoupling structure can be three, namely, decoupling component 11, decoupling component 12 and decoupling component 13, and the corresponding number of conductor connecting components connecting the decoupling components can be two, namely, conductor connecting component 14 and conductor connecting component 15, wherein conductor connecting component 14 is used to connect decoupling component 11 and decoupling component 12, and conductor connecting component 14 is used to connect decoupling component 12 and decoupling component 13, or, conductor connecting component 14 is used to connect decoupling component 11 and decoupling component 13, and conductor connecting component 14 is used to connect decoupling component 12 and decoupling component 13, and so on. This is not limited in this embodiment.

[0045] The decoupling structure provided in an embodiment of the present application is disposed between at least two adjacent antenna units in a MIMO array and includes at least two decoupling components and a conductor connecting component connecting the at least two decoupling components. The decoupling components are configured to electrically couple with electromagnetic waves emitted by adjacent antenna units to generate an induced current. Thus, the decoupling structure can generate dual-polarized electric field components based on the induced current, and act separately on the two polarizations of the coupled antenna to offset the coupling and improve antenna isolation. This also makes the decoupling structure compact and independent, enabling large-scale implementation.

[0046] Based on the previous embodiment, the present application embodiment further provides a possible implementation of a decoupling structure. Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of another decoupling structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. Based on the previous embodiment, the decoupling structure further includes: a conductor connecting component 14, a branch structure 15 and a metal ground 16.

[0047] The decoupling structure can also be disposed between at least two adjacent antenna units in a MIMO array. Similarly, the decoupling structure can be disposed between at least two adjacent antenna units in a MIMO array and can be in contact with or not in contact with a MIMO array circuit board.

[0048] The conductor connecting component 14 is used to connect the decoupling component 12 and the branch structure 15. The branch structure 15 is used to connect with the decoupling structure body, wherein the decoupling component body is Figure 1The decoupling structure shown includes a decoupling component 11, a decoupling component 12, and a conductor connecting component 13. The metal ground 15 is used to connect to the decoupling structure body and plays a grounding role.

[0049] It can be understood that since the decoupling structure is arranged between at least two adjacent antenna units in the MIMO array and can be in contact with the MIMO array circuit board, in one possible implementation, the conductor connecting component 14 can connect the decoupling component 12 and the branch structure 15 by having two opposite ends in its length direction, wherein the two opposite ends are respectively connected to the bottom ends of the decoupling component 12 and the branch structure 15, and the bottom ends of the decoupling component 12 and the branch structure 15 are both in contact with the MIMO array circuit board.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the branch structure 15 can be understood as being connected from the decoupling component 12 and being indirectly connected to the decoupling component 12 via a newly added conductor connecting component, namely, the conductor connecting component 14 .

[0051] It should be noted that Figure 3 The shapes of the conductor connecting component 14 and the branch structure 15 shown in the figure are also merely exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be understood as limiting the present application. The conductor connecting component 14 and the branch structure 15 can also be one of the following shapes or a combination of the following shapes: a cylinder, a cuboid, a triangular pyramid, a cone, a truncated cone, a sphere, and an ellipsoid. Furthermore, the shapes of the decoupling component 11, the decoupling component 12, the conductor connecting component 13, the conductor connecting component 14, and the branch structure 15 can be the same or different, and this is not limited in this embodiment.

[0052] It should be noted that Figure 3The branch structure 15 shown in the figure is connected to the decoupling component 12 and is indirectly connected to the decoupling component 12 through the newly added conductor connecting component, namely the conductor connecting component 14. This is only exemplary and is intended to be used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. That is to say, although the branch structure 15 in the decoupling structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is connected to the decoupling component 12 and is indirectly connected to the decoupling component 12 through the newly added conductor connecting component, namely the conductor connecting component 14, in the decoupling structure provided in the present application, the branch structure 15 can be connected to other decoupling components or conductor connecting components, and can be directly connected to other decoupling components or conductor connecting components, or can be indirectly connected through the newly added conductor connecting component. For example, the branch structure 15 can be connected to the decoupling component 11 and be indirectly connected to the decoupling component 11 through the newly added conductor connecting component, or directly connected to the decoupling component 11, or can be connected to the conductor connecting component 13 and be indirectly connected to the conductor connecting component 13 through the newly added conductor connecting component, or directly connected to the conductor connecting component 13, etc. This is not limited in this embodiment.

[0053] It should be noted that Figure 3 The number of branch structures shown in is also merely exemplary and is intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be understood as limiting the present application. That is to say, although the number of branch structures in the decoupling structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is one, namely, branch structure 15, the number of branch structures in the decoupling structure provided in the present application can be other numbers. For example, the number of branch structures in the decoupling structure can be two, which are directly or indirectly connected to any one of the decoupling component 11, the decoupling component 12, and the conductor connecting component 13, or three, which are also directly or indirectly connected to any one of the decoupling component 11, the decoupling component 12, and the conductor connecting component 13, and so on. This is not limited in the present embodiment.

[0054] The decoupling structure provided in an embodiment of the present application is disposed between at least two adjacent antenna units in a MIMO array and includes: a decoupling structure body, at least one branch structure connected to the decoupling structure body, and a metal ground. The decoupling structure body includes: at least two decoupling components, and a conductor connecting component connecting the at least two decoupling components. The decoupling components are configured to electrically couple with electromagnetic waves emitted by adjacent antenna units to generate an induced current. Thus, the decoupling structure effectively improves antenna isolation by connecting the branch structures and the metal ground.

[0055] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the decoupling structure can be set between at least two adjacent antenna units in the MIMO array to improve antenna isolation. In order to clearly illustrate how the decoupling structure is set between at least two adjacent antenna units in the MIMO array, the embodiment of the present application provides a diagram of the position relationship between the decoupling structure and the antenna units in Massive MIMO. Figure 4 A diagram illustrating the positional relationship between a decoupling structure and antenna units in Massive MIMO provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, the Massive MIMO includes n*n antenna units, wherein a decoupling structure is provided between any two adjacent antenna units. For example, antenna (1, 1) is adjacent to antenna (1, 2) and also to antenna (2, 1), so that a decoupling structure is provided between antenna (1, 1) and antenna (1, 2), and a decoupling structure is also provided between antenna (1, 1) and antenna (2, 1). For another example, antenna (2, 2) is adjacent to antenna (1, 2), antenna (2, 1), antenna (3, 2), and antenna (2, 3), so that a decoupling structure is provided between antenna (2, 2) and antenna (1, 2), a decoupling structure is provided between antenna (2, 2) and antenna (2, 1), a decoupling structure is provided between antenna (2, 2) and antenna (3, 2), and a decoupling structure is provided between antenna (2, 2) and antenna (2, 3).

[0057] In summary, since the decoupling structure has a simple structure and occupies a small space, it will not affect the array layout of Massive MIMO. Therefore, a decoupling structure can be set between any two adjacent antenna units in Massive MIMO to achieve Massive MIMO array decoupling of the decoupling structure.

[0058] In order to clearly illustrate the co-polarization isolation results and heteropolarization isolation results of the decoupling structure provided by the present application, the present application embodiment provides the following Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the simulation results of the same polarization isolation and the different polarization isolation of the decoupling structure shown in FIG. Figure 5 (a) is the simulation result of the co-polarization isolation of the decoupling structure. The horizontal axis is the antenna frequency in Ghz (gigahertz), and the vertical axis is the co-polarization isolation in dB (decibel). Figure 5(b) shows the simulation results of the polarization isolation of the decoupling structure. The horizontal axis is the antenna frequency (gigahertz), and the vertical axis is the polarization isolation (decibel). Co-polarization means that the polarization directions of the two decoupled antennas are parallel in space, and polarization isolation means that the polarization directions of the two decoupled antennas are orthogonal in space.

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown, by applying the decoupling structure provided in the present application, the dual-polarization isolation can be improved by more than 15dB compared with the industry average level, with a good decoupling effect.

[0060] In summary, the decoupling structure provided in this application has a good decoupling effect and can improve antenna isolation.

[0061] In order to more clearly illustrate the application scenario of the decoupling structure provided in this application, an embodiment of this application provides a possible implementation method of an antenna array. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna array when adjacent decoupling structures are isolated from each other. Figure 6 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna array when adjacent decoupling structures are connected.

[0062] like Figure 6 As shown, the antenna array includes a decoupling structure, antenna units and a metal plate, wherein the decoupling component in the decoupling structure is represented by a cylinder, and two adjacent decoupling components are connected by a conductor connecting component. It should be noted that the antenna array includes multiple antenna units, and these multiple antenna units are arranged in an array, wherein the decoupling structure provided by the present application is provided between any two antenna units. In addition, the type of the antenna array can be a dual-polarized antenna array.

[0063] like Figure 6As shown in (a), the antenna unit is a MIMO antenna unit, which adopts a dual-polarization metal fully connected antenna solution. The decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between any two adjacent MIMO antenna units, and the adjacent decoupling structures are isolated from each other, so that there must be four cylinders in the middle of any four MIMO antenna units, that is, the decoupling components in the four decoupling structures. For example, for the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the first column, since it is adjacent to the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the second column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the first column, a decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the second column, and a decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the first column. In addition, for the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the second column, since it is also adjacent to the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the second column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the first column, The line units are adjacent to each other, so a decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and second column, and a decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column. Since these four decoupling structures are adjacent and isolated from each other, there must be four cylinders between the four MIMO antenna units, namely, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and first column, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and second column, the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and second column, that is, the decoupling components in the four decoupling structures.

[0064] like Figure 6 (b) shows that Figure 6(a), the antenna unit is a MIMO antenna unit, and a dual-polarization metal fully connected antenna solution is adopted. The decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between any two adjacent MIMO antenna units. The difference is that adjacent decoupling structures can be connected, so that there only needs to be one cylinder in the middle of any four MIMO antenna units, that is, a decoupling component in a decoupling structure. For example, for the four MIMO antenna units of the first row and first column, the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and second column, the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and first column, and the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and second column, although it is necessary to place a decoupling structure provided by the present application between the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and first column and the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and second column, a decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and first column and the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and first column, and a decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and second column and the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and second column. A decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and second column and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column. However, since these four decoupling structures are adjacent and can be connected, there only needs to be one cylinder between the four MIMO antenna units, namely, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and first column, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and second column, the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and second column, that is, a decoupling component in a decoupling structure. It can be understood that the above four decoupling structures placed between these four MIMO antenna units share the same decoupling component.

[0065] Through the above analysis, we can see that Figure 6 The present invention provides a structural diagram of an antenna array in which a MIMO antenna unit adopts a dual-polarized metal fully-connected antenna solution. In order to more clearly illustrate the application scenario of the decoupling structure provided in the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides another possible implementation method of the antenna array, in which the MIMO antenna unit adopts a dual-polarized dipole antenna solution.

[0066] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna array when adjacent decoupling structures are isolated from each other. Figure 7 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna array when adjacent decoupling structures are connected.

[0067] like Figure 7As shown, the antenna array includes a decoupling structure, antenna units and a metal plate, wherein the decoupling component in the decoupling structure is represented by a cylinder, and two adjacent decoupling components are connected by a conductor connecting component. It should be noted that the antenna array includes multiple antenna units, and these multiple antenna units are arranged in an array, wherein the decoupling structure provided by the present application is provided between any two antenna units. In addition, the type of the antenna array can be a dual-polarized antenna array.

[0068] like Figure 7 As shown in (a), the antenna unit is a MIMO antenna unit, which adopts a dual-polarization dipole antenna scheme. The decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between any two adjacent MIMO antenna units, and the adjacent decoupling structures are isolated from each other, so that there must be four cylinders in the middle of any four MIMO antenna units, that is, the decoupling components in the four decoupling structures. For example, for the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the first column, since it is adjacent to the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the second column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the first column, a decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the second column, and a decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the first column. In addition, for the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the second column, since it is also adjacent to the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the second column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the first column, The line units are adjacent to each other, so a decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and second column, and a decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column. Since these four decoupling structures are adjacent and isolated from each other, there must be four cylinders between the four MIMO antenna units, namely, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and first column, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and second column, the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and second column, that is, the decoupling components in the four decoupling structures.

[0069] like Figure 7 (b) shows that Figure 7(a), the antenna unit is a MIMO antenna unit, and a dual-polarization dipole antenna scheme is adopted. The decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between any two adjacent MIMO antenna units. The difference is that adjacent decoupling structures can be connected, so that there only needs to be one cylinder, that is, a decoupling component in a decoupling structure, in the middle of any four MIMO antenna units. For example, for the four MIMO antenna units of the first row and first column, the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and second column, the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and first column, and the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and second column, although it is necessary to place a decoupling structure provided by the present application between the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and first column and the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and second column, a decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and first column and the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and first column, and a decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and second column and the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and second column. A decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and second column and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column. However, since these four decoupling structures are adjacent and can be connected, there only needs to be one cylinder between the four MIMO antenna units, namely, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and first column, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and second column, the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and second column, that is, a decoupling component in a decoupling structure. It can be understood that the above four decoupling structures placed between these four MIMO antenna units share the same decoupling component.

[0070] Through the above analysis, we can see that Figure 6 and Figure 7 The decoupling structures are not connected to the metal ground. In order to more clearly illustrate the application scenarios of the decoupling structures provided in this application, the embodiments of this application provide another possible implementation method of the antenna array, and a decoupling structure connected to the metal ground is set between any two antenna units.

[0071] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna array when adjacent decoupling structures are isolated from each other. Figure 8 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna array when adjacent decoupling structures are connected.

[0072] like Figure 8As shown, the antenna array includes a decoupling structure connected to a metal ground, an antenna unit and a metal plate, wherein the decoupling component in the decoupling structure is represented by a cylinder, and two adjacent decoupling components are connected by a conductor connecting component. It should be noted that the antenna array includes multiple antenna units, and these multiple antenna units are arranged in an array, wherein the decoupling structure provided by the present application is provided between any two antenna units, and the decoupling component in the decoupling structure is connected to the metal ground. In addition, the type of the antenna array can be a dual-polarized antenna array.

[0073] like Figure 8 As shown in (a), the antenna unit is a MIMO antenna unit, which adopts a dual-polarization metal fully connected antenna solution. The decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between any two adjacent MIMO antenna units, and the decoupling structure is electrically connected to the ground of the antenna array, that is, connected to the metal ground, and the adjacent decoupling structures are isolated from each other, so that there must be four cylinders in the middle of any four MIMO antenna units, that is, the decoupling components in the four decoupling structures. For example, for the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the first column, since it is adjacent to the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the second column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the first column, a decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the second column, and a decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the first column. In addition, for the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the second column, since it is also adjacent to the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the second column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the first column, it is also adjacent to the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the first column. The line units are adjacent to each other, so a decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and second column, and a decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column. Since these four decoupling structures are adjacent and isolated from each other, there must be four cylinders between the four MIMO antenna units, namely, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and first column, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and second column, the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and second column, that is, the decoupling components in the four decoupling structures.

[0074] like Figure 8 (b) shows that Figure 8(a) is the same, the antenna unit is a MIMO antenna unit, and a dual-polarization metal fully connected antenna solution is adopted. The decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between any two adjacent MIMO antenna units, and the decoupling structure is electrically connected to the ground of the antenna array, that is, connected to the metal ground. The difference is that adjacent decoupling structures can be connected, so that there only needs to be one cylinder, that is, a decoupling component in the decoupling structure, in the middle of any four MIMO antenna units. For example, for the four MIMO antenna units of the first row and first column, the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and second column, the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and first column, and the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and second column, although it is necessary to place a decoupling structure provided by the present application between the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and first column and the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and second column, a decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and first column and the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and first column, and a decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and second column and the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and second column. A decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and second column and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column. However, since these four decoupling structures are adjacent and can be connected, there only needs to be one cylinder between the four MIMO antenna units, namely, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and first column, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and second column, the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and second column, that is, a decoupling component in a decoupling structure. It can be understood that the above four decoupling structures placed between these four MIMO antenna units share the same decoupling component.

[0075] Through the above analysis, we can see that Figure 8 A structural schematic diagram of an antenna array in which a MIMO antenna unit adopts a dual-polarized metal fully-connected antenna scheme in the case where a decoupling structure connected to a metal ground is set between any two antenna units. In order to more clearly illustrate the application scenario of the decoupling structure provided in the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides another possible implementation method of the antenna array. In the case where a decoupling structure connected to a metal ground is set between any two antenna units, the MIMO antenna unit adopts a dual-polarized dipole antenna scheme.

[0076] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 9 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna array when adjacent decoupling structures are isolated from each other. Figure 9 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna array when adjacent decoupling structures are connected.

[0077] like Figure 8 As shown, the antenna array includes a decoupling structure connected to a metal ground, an antenna unit and a metal plate, wherein the decoupling component in the decoupling structure is represented by a cylinder, and two adjacent decoupling components are connected by a conductor connecting component. It should be noted that the antenna array includes multiple antenna units, and these multiple antenna units are arranged in an array, wherein the decoupling structure provided by the present application is provided between any two antenna units, and the decoupling component in the decoupling structure is connected to the metal ground. In addition, the type of the antenna array can be a dual-polarized antenna array.

[0078] like Figure 9 As shown in (a), the antenna unit is a MIMO antenna unit, which adopts a dual-polarization dipole antenna scheme. The decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between any two adjacent MIMO antenna units, and the decoupling structure is electrically connected to the ground of the antenna array, that is, connected to the metal ground, and the adjacent decoupling structures are isolated from each other, so that there must be four cylinders in the middle of any four MIMO antenna units, that is, the decoupling components in the four decoupling structures. For example, for the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the first column, since it is adjacent to the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the second column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the first column, a decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the second column, and a decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the first column. In addition, for the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the second column, since it is also adjacent to the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and the second column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and the first column, The line units are adjacent to each other, so a decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and second column, and a decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between it and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column. Since these four decoupling structures are adjacent and isolated from each other, there must be four cylinders between the four MIMO antenna units, namely, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and first column, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and second column, the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and second column, that is, the decoupling components in the four decoupling structures.

[0079] like Figure 9 (b) shows that Figure 9(a), the antenna unit is a MIMO antenna unit, and a dual-polarization dipole antenna scheme is adopted. The decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between any two adjacent MIMO antenna units, and the decoupling structure is electrically connected to the ground of the antenna array, that is, connected to the metal ground. The difference is that adjacent decoupling structures can be connected, so that there only needs to be one cylinder, that is, a decoupling component in the decoupling structure, in the middle of any four MIMO antenna units. For example, for the four MIMO antenna units of the first row and first column, the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and second column, the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and first column, and the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and second column, although it is necessary to place a decoupling structure provided by the present application between the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and first column and the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and second column, a decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and first column and the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and first column, and a decoupling structure provided by the present application is placed between the MIMO antenna unit of the second row and second column and the MIMO antenna unit of the first row and second column. A decoupling structure provided by the present application is also placed between the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and second column and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column. However, since these four decoupling structures are adjacent and can be connected, there only needs to be one cylinder between the four MIMO antenna units, namely, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and first column, the MIMO antenna unit in the first row and second column, the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and first column, and the MIMO antenna unit in the second row and second column, that is, a decoupling component in a decoupling structure. It can be understood that the above four decoupling structures placed between these four MIMO antenna units share the same decoupling component.

[0080] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0081] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0082] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A decoupling structure, characterized in that: The decoupling structure is arranged between at least two adjacent antenna units in a MIMO array, and includes: at least two decoupling components, and a conductor connecting component connecting the at least two decoupling components. When adjacent decoupling structures are isolated from each other, the decoupling structure is placed between any two adjacent MIMO antenna units; when adjacent decoupling structures are connected, a decoupling component is placed between any four MIMO antenna units. Among them, the decoupling component is used to electrically couple with the electromagnetic waves emitted by the adjacent antenna unit to generate an induced current. The decoupling structure generates a dual-polarized electric field component based on the induced current, and acts on the two polarizations of the coupled antenna respectively to offset the coupling and improve the isolation of the polarized antenna.

2. The decoupling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The conductor connecting component has two opposite ends in its length direction; The two ends are respectively connected to the bottom ends of the two adjacent decoupling components; and the bottom ends of the decoupling components are in contact with the circuit board on which the MIMO array is provided.

3. The decoupling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The decoupling component includes a body and a branch structure connected to the body.

4. The decoupling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The number of the decoupling components in the decoupling structure is two.

5. An antenna array, characterized in that: The antenna array comprises antenna units arranged in an array; Wherein, a decoupling structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 is arranged between at least two antenna units.

6. The antenna array according to claim 5, characterized in that The decoupling structure is electrically connected to the ground of the antenna array.

7. The antenna array according to claim 5, characterized in that Adjacent decoupling structures share the decoupling component.

8. The antenna array according to claim 5, characterized in that Adjacent decoupling structures are connected, or adjacent decoupling structures are isolated from each other.

9. The antenna array according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: The antenna array is a dual-polarized antenna array.

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