A multi-group multi-disc multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-group, multi-disk, multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler, which comprises a plurality of movably connected composite disks. Each composite disk includes a conductor rotor group and a permanent magnet rotor group. The permanent magnet rotor group includes two mutually connected permanent magnet yoke disks that can axially move relative to each other, and permanent magnets respectively arranged on the surfaces of the two permanent magnet yoke disks. The conductor rotor group includes two fixedly connected conductor yoke disks and conductors respectively arranged on the surfaces of the two conductor yoke disks. In the present invention, the conductor rotor group is used as the driving end, and the permanent magnet rotor group is used as the driven end, and vice versa. Each composite disk forms two air-gap lengths, and multiple composite disks form multiple groups of air-gap lengths. In addition, a speed regulation device is used to drive the rotor of a single group of the driven end to achieve an axial relative displacement, so that the multiple air-gap lengths in the multi-group, multi-disk magnetic coupler are linked and adjusted to achieve the purpose of speed regulation or torque change of the magnetic coupler. This structure can obtain a large electromagnetic torque and power, and can be applied to occasions with large axial dimensions but limited radial dimensions, such as offshore platforms and large ships.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of transmission technology in mechanical engineering, and in particular, relates to a multi-group multi-disc multi-air-gap linkage adjustment type magnetic coupler. Background Art

[0002] In China, pumps and fans consume a relatively high proportion of energy in motors. Adjusting the speed of the motor working machine by speed regulation is an energy-saving method. However, the generated high-order harmonics will have various adverse effects on the motor and the power supply, and the maintenance difficulty is relatively large. The new type of magnetic drive device, the magnetic coupler, has the advantages of maintenance-free, high energy efficiency, stable and reliable, overload protection, etc., and is widely used in pumps and fans. However, in occasions where the axial dimension is large but the radial dimension is limited, such as submarines and underwater tunnels, the use of magnetic couplers will be restricted. And compared with traditional couplers, the load-carrying capacity of magnetic couplers is not strong. Therefore, realizing the reduction of the radial length of the magnetic coupler and high-power, high-torque output is an important research direction for its application in offshore platforms and large ships.

[0003] Patent 201610573976.7 discloses a new type of composite double-disc magnetic coupler, which includes two axially magnetized type I permanent magnet rotors, a radially magnetized type II permanent magnet rotor, two conductor rotors and a conductor ring. From the input side, a conductor rotor, a type I permanent magnet rotor, a type II permanent magnet rotor, an outer conductor ring, a type I permanent magnet rotor and a conductor rotor are installed in sequence. When the input shaft rotates, it drives the conductor rotor and the conductor ring to rotate. Due to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the permanent magnet rotor drives the output shaft to rotate. By moving the permanent magnet rotor on the output shaft, the air-gap length on both sides and the facing area of the middle permanent magnet are adjusted to achieve speed regulation. However, the permanent magnet yoke iron disc of this invention is only designed with rectangular through holes, and the installation arrangement of the permanent magnets cannot be changed according to the actual situation. And when adjusting the speed, the three groups of permanent magnet rotors can only move axially in one direction, resulting in inconsistent air-gap lengths on both sides and affecting the generated electromagnetic torque.

[0004] Patent 201810872097.3 discloses a new type of adjustable-speed disc-type asynchronous magnetic coupler. The conductor rotor is installed on the transmission shaft, and a permanent magnet rotor is provided on each of the driving and driven sides of the conductor rotor. By moving the permanent magnet rotors on both sides, the air-gap length between the permanent magnet rotor and the conductor rotor is changed simultaneously to achieve the purpose of speed regulation. However, this invention only has two groups of permanent magnet rotors, and only two groups of air gaps can be formed between the permanent magnet rotors and the conductor rotor, and it cannot be increased on this basis. Under the use requirements of relatively large power, this magnetic coupler can only increase the structural size along the radial direction, and it is difficult to be used in occasions where the radial dimension is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a multi-group multi-disk multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler, which is composed of a multi-group permanent magnet rotor, a conductor rotor and a speed regulation device. The speed regulation device drives a single-group permanent magnet rotor to move, driving the other permanent magnet rotors to move, so that multiple air gaps are jointly adjusted to achieve the speed regulation of the magnetic coupler, and a larger electromagnetic torque and power are obtained. It can be applied to occasions with larger axial dimensions but limited radial dimensions, such as offshore platforms and large ships.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A multi-group multi-disk multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler, comprising:

[0008] An input shaft;

[0009] An output shaft, the output shaft is arranged coaxially with the input shaft;

[0010] A plurality of composite disks arranged in sequence on the output shaft, each composite disk includes a conductor rotor group, a permanent magnet rotor group, a gear-rack mechanism and a spline sleeve;

[0011] The spline sleeve is sleeved on the output shaft and is connected by a key;

[0012] The permanent magnet rotor group includes two relatively arranged permanent magnet yoke iron disks and permanent magnets respectively arranged on the surfaces of the two permanent magnet yoke iron disks;

[0013] The conductor rotor group includes two relatively arranged conductor yoke iron disks and conductors respectively arranged on the surfaces of the two conductor yoke iron disks;

[0014] In the same composite disk, the conductor yoke iron disk and the permanent magnet yoke iron disk on the same side, and the permanent magnet and the conductor are opposite to each other one by one; and there is an air gap between the permanent magnet and the conductor;

[0015] In the same composite disk, if one of the conductor rotor group and the permanent magnet rotor group is used as the active unit, the other is used as the driven unit;

[0016] The power input end of the active unit is power-connected to the input shaft; the yoke iron disks in the same active unit and the yoke iron disks between adjacent active units are fixedly connected;

[0017] The driven unit is sleeved outside the spline sleeve and is spline-connected with the spline sleeve; the yoke iron disks in the same driven unit are connected by a gear-rack mechanism; the adjacent driven units are connected by a rocker-slider mechanism;

[0018] A crank-slider mechanism connected to the power output end of the driven unit.

[0019] Further, the rack and pinion mechanism includes a first support disc, a rack and a pinion; wherein, the first support disc is sleeved on the spline sleeve and is key-connected to the spline sleeve. A limit block is arranged on the outer surface of the first support disc. Two convex parts are arranged on the limit block. The two convex parts are axially staggered, and guide rods are respectively arranged on the convex parts. The guide rods are arranged axially; There are two racks. One end of each rack is fixedly connected to the adjacent permanent magnet yoke disc. A circular channel is opened at the other end of each rack; The guide rod is inserted into the circular channel of the rack; A pinion is installed between the two racks, and the pinion meshes and drives with the two racks respectively.

[0020] Further, a disc housing is sleeved outside the first support disc. The disc housing is provided with a groove corresponding to the limit block. After the first support disc and the disc housing are assembled, the pinion and the rack will be limited in the groove of the disc housing.

[0021] Further, the rocker-slider mechanism includes an upper slider, a fixed base and multiple rockers; The fixed base is fixedly installed on the second support disc. The second support disc is sleeved on the output shaft, and the second support disc is key-connected to the output shaft; A support column is installed on the fixed base. The support column is arranged radially along the second support disc; The upper slider is sleeved on the support column. One end of the first support member and one end of the second support member are respectively hinged to two sides of the fixed base facing the permanent magnet yoke disc; One end of the first rocker and one end of the second rocker are respectively hinged to two sides of the upper slider facing the permanent magnet yoke disc. Chute grooves are respectively arranged on the first rocker and the second rocker; The other end of the first support member is inserted into the chute groove of the first rocker through a cylindrical pin, and the other end of the second support member is inserted into the chute groove of the second rocker through a cylindrical pin; The other ends of the first rocker and the second rocker are respectively hinged to two adjacent permanent magnet yoke discs.

[0022] Further, the crank-slider mechanism includes a double-row tapered roller bearing, a housing and a crank. The double-row tapered roller bearing is sleeved outside the outermost permanent magnet yoke disc at the output end. A housing is arranged outside the double-row tapered roller bearing. The housing is connected to the crank; The housing is connected to the fixed sleeve through a helical spring. The fixed sleeve is sleeved on the output shaft, and the fixed sleeve is key-connected to the output shaft.

[0023] Further, all the conductor yoke discs are sequentially connected through I-beams.

[0024] Further, yoke teeth are machined on the conductor yoke disc in an array distribution along the circumferential direction. Sector-shaped grooves are opened in the annular conductor in an array distribution along the circumferential direction; The sector-shaped grooves and the yoke teeth cooperate with each other.

[0025] Further, the conductor is in a circular ring shape. An annular groove corresponding to the conductor is opened in the conductor yoke disc. The conductor is embedded in the annular groove of the conductor yoke disc, and the conductor yoke disc and the conductor are fixed through fasteners.

[0026] Furthermore, the permanent magnets on the permanent magnet yoke iron disc are arranged in a single layer or two layers along the radial direction.

[0027] Furthermore, the permanent magnets in each layer are arranged with N and S poles alternating or in a 90° Halbach array.

[0028] Advantages of the present invention:

[0029] (1) In the present invention, based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, contactless torque transmission is achieved between the driving disc and the driven disc, avoiding problems such as friction, wear, and vibration in the traditional transmission process, reducing losses during the transmission process; the load is separated from the motor, and functions such as light-load starting, overload protection, and stepless speed regulation of the motor are achieved by adjusting the air gap length between the driving disc and the driven disc.

[0030] (2) The magnetic coupling of the present invention adopts a multi-group and multi-disc structure. It can obtain power through the servo motor on the output end side, drive the crank-slider mechanism and adopt a series of mechanical connections to achieve synchronous movement of multiple permanent magnet rotors, enabling joint adjustment of the air gaps between multiple permanent magnet rotors and the conductor rotor, and realizing speed regulation and high-power, high-torque output of the magnetic coupling.

[0031] (3) The magnetic coupling of the present invention adopts a multi-group and multi-disc structure, which can effectively reduce the radial dimension, making the magnetic coupling suitable for occasions where the axial dimension is large but the radial dimension is limited. Therefore, permanent magnets with smaller radial dimensions can also be designed, making the permanent magnets suitable for processing and manufacturing. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-group, multi-disc and multi-air-gap linkage adjustment type magnetic coupling of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the speed regulation principle.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a diagram of the working limit position.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the I-beam outer frame.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a diagram of the permanent magnet rotor and the conductor rotor.

[0037] Figure 6 It is a diagram of the double-layer permanent magnets arranged at intervals.

[0038] Figure 7 It is a diagram of the double-layer permanent magnets arranged at intervals, the aluminum retaining cage and the permanent magnet yoke iron disc.

[0039] Figure 8It is a diagram of a double-layer permanent magnet 90° Halbach array.

[0040] Figure 9 It is a diagram of the aluminum cage and permanent magnet yoke plate of a double-layer permanent magnet 90° Halbach array.

[0041] Figure 10 It is a diagram of the full arrangement of double-layer permanent magnets.

[0042] Figure 11 It is a diagram of the spaced arrangement of permanent magnets.

[0043] Figure 12 It is a diagram of a permanent magnet 90° Halbach array

[0044] Figure 13 It is a diagram of the full arrangement of permanent magnets.

[0045] Figure 14 It is a diagram of a slotted disc-type conductor rotor.

[0046] Figure 15 It is a diagram of a solid disc-type conductor rotor.

[0047] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rack and pinion mechanism.

[0048] Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rocker-slider mechanism.

[0049] Reference Numerals: 1, input shaft; 2, sleeve; 3, shaft end cover; 4, stud; 5, conductor yoke iron disc one; 6, conductor one; 7, hexagon head bolt; 8, hexagon nut; 9, washer; 10, I-beam; 11, conductor two; 12, conductor yoke iron disc two; 13, conductor yoke iron disc three; 14, conductor three; 15, conductor four; 16, conductor yoke iron disc four; 17, permanent magnet yoke iron disc four; 18, crank-slider mechanism; 19, housing; 20, double-row tapered roller bearing; 21, helical spring; 22, fixed sleeve; 23, output shaft; 24, spline sleeve two; 25, permanent magnet four; 26, gear-rack mechanism two; 27, permanent magnet yoke iron disc three; 28, permanent magnet three; 29, rocker-slider mechanism; 30, spline sleeve one; 31, permanent magnet two; 32, permanent magnet yoke iron disc two; 33, gear-rack mechanism one; 34, permanent magnet yoke iron disc one; 35, permanent magnet one; 36, cross recessed countersunk head screw; 37, cylindrical pin; 38, socket head cap screw; 39, cage; 40, socket head cap screw; 41, first support disc; 42, rack; 43, gear end cover; 44, cross recessed countersunk head screw; 45, connecting rod; 46, gear; 47, disc housing; 48, cylindrical pin; 49, first rocker; 50, first support; 51, upper slider; 52, second rocker; 53, second support; 54, second support disc; 55, fixed base; 56, fixed block; 57, support column; 58, limit block; 59, guide rod. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0050] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0051] A multi-group multi-disc multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler designed in this application is composed of multiple composite discs. In this embodiment, with reference to the attached Figure 1 figures, a magnetic coupler composed of 2 composite discs will be described.

[0052] As Figure 1 shown, the magnetic coupler is composed of a composite disc I, a composite disc II and a speed regulation device. Among them, the structures of the two composite discs are the same. Each composite disc includes 1 conductor rotor group, 1 permanent magnet rotor group, a gear-rack mechanism and a spline sleeve; there are 2 conductor yoke iron discs in 1 conductor rotor group, and conductors are provided on each conductor yoke iron disc; there are 2 permanent magnet yoke iron discs in 1 permanent magnet rotor group, and permanent magnets are provided on each permanent magnet yoke iron disc.

[0053] The composite disk can also be divided into an active unit and a driven unit. The power input end of the active unit is power-connected to the input shaft (1), and the active unit is driven to move by the input shaft (1) and the motor connected to the input shaft (1). The driven unit starts to move because of electromagnetic induction with the active unit.

[0054] In the design of this application, both the conductor rotor group and the permanent magnet rotor group in the composite disk can be used as the active unit and the driven unit. That is to say, when the conductor rotor group is used as the active unit, the permanent magnet rotor group is used as the driven unit; conversely, when the permanent magnet rotor group is used as the active unit, the conductor rotor group is used as the driven unit. However, it should be noted that in the same magnetic coupler, the active unit must be unified. For example, the active unit is all conductor rotor groups, or the active unit can only be all permanent magnet rotor groups.

[0055] Combined with the attached Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the conductor rotor group is used as the active unit, and the permanent magnet rotor group is used as the driven unit.

[0056] In this application, the composite disk I and the composite disk II have a total of 4 conductor yoke iron disks and the conductors arranged on the surface of each conductor yoke iron disk. The four conductor yoke iron disks are connected into a whole through the I-beam 10 and the connecting parts. The input shaft 1 is power-connected to the conductor yoke iron disk of the composite disk I.

[0057] In this application, the composite disk I and the composite disk II have a total of four permanent magnet yoke iron disks and the permanent magnets arranged on the surface of each permanent magnet yoke iron disk. The four permanent magnet yoke iron disks are divided into two groups in pairs. The two permanent magnet yoke iron disks in the same group are sleeved outside the output shaft 23 through the sleeve, and the two permanent magnet yoke iron disks on the sleeve can move axially; the two groups of permanent magnet yoke iron disks are connected through the rocker-slider mechanism 29. Each group of permanent magnet yoke iron disks is arranged between two adjacent conductor yoke iron disks. The conductors on the conductor yoke iron disks are arranged opposite to the permanent magnets on the permanent magnet yoke iron disks, and there is an air gap between the adjacent conductors and permanent magnets. The right end of the permanent magnet rotor group is connected to the crank-slider mechanism 18.

[0058] The speed regulation device includes the rocker-slider mechanism 29 and the crank-slider mechanism 18 arranged between the composite disk I and the composite disk II.

[0059] More specifically, the connection method of the four conductor yoke iron disks is as Figure 4As shown, the four conductor yoke iron discs are respectively conductor yoke iron disc 1-5, conductor yoke iron disc 2-12, conductor yoke iron disc 3-13, and conductor yoke iron disc 4-16; the structures of the four conductor yoke iron discs are the same, and through holes are provided in the middle of the conductor yoke iron discs. I-beams 10 are provided between adjacent conductor yoke iron discs. Two through holes are evenly provided on conductor yoke iron disc 1-5 every 90° along the circumferential direction of the disc, and through holes are provided at the four corners of the I-beam 10, and they are respectively connected to the adjacent conductor yoke iron discs through hexagon head bolts 7, hexagon nuts 8, and washers 9 to form an outer frame.

[0060] More specifically, in combination with Figure 1 As shown, the left side surface of the leftmost conductor yoke iron disc is fixedly connected to the sleeve 2 through a stud 4; the sleeve 2 is sleeved outside the input shaft 1, and a key drive is adopted between the sleeve 2 and the input shaft 1. Axial positioning and fixation are respectively carried out on both sides of the sleeve 2 by using the shoulder of the input shaft 1 and the shaft end cover 3.

[0061] More specifically, in combination with Figure 14 , taking conductor yoke iron disc 1-5 and conductor 1-6 as examples, the other 3 conductor yoke iron discs adopt the same design. Sector-shaped grooves are circumferentially provided in an array on the annular conductor 1-6; sector-shaped grooves are circumferentially provided in an array on conductor yoke iron disc 1-5, and the sector-shaped grooves cooperate with the yoke teeth.

[0062] More specifically, in combination with Figure 15 , taking conductor yoke iron disc 1-5 and conductor 1-6 as examples, the other 3 conductor yoke iron discs adopt the same design. Conductor 1-6 is set as a circular ring, an annular groove corresponding to conductor 1-6 is provided on conductor yoke iron disc 1-5, conductor 1-6 is directly embedded into the annular groove of conductor yoke iron disc 1-5, and the conductor yoke iron disc 1-5 and conductor 1-6 are fixed by using an internal hexagon screw 38.

[0063] More specifically, the four permanent magnet yoke iron discs are respectively permanent magnet yoke iron disc 4-17, permanent magnet yoke iron disc 3-27, permanent magnet yoke iron disc 2-32, and permanent magnet yoke iron disc 1-34. In combination with the attached Figure 5 , the permanent magnet yoke iron disc is composed of an annular part and a disc part. Among them, the disc part is arranged on the outer surface of the annular part, permanent magnets are provided on one side surface of the disc part, and the annular part is sleeved outside the spline sleeve. There is a gap between the annular part of the permanent magnet yoke iron disc and the conductor yoke iron disc.

[0064] The spline sleeve is sleeved outside the output shaft 23 and the two are connected by a key drive; external splines are provided outside the spline sleeve, and internal splines are provided inside the annular part of the permanent magnet yoke iron disc, thereby realizing the spline connection between the spline sleeve and the permanent magnet yoke iron disc; therefore, the connection between the permanent magnet yoke iron disc and the spline sleeve along the radial direction can be realized, and at the same time, the permanent magnet yoke iron disc can axially move on the spline sleeve.

[0065] In this application, two permanent magnet yoke iron discs are set as a group. As Figure 1 shown, the first permanent magnet rotor group is composed of the first permanent magnet yoke iron disc 34 and the second permanent magnet yoke iron disc 32, and the second permanent magnet rotor group is composed of the third permanent magnet yoke iron disc 27 and the fourth permanent magnet yoke iron disc 17. The two permanent magnet yoke iron discs in the same permanent magnet rotor group are connected by a gear-rack mechanism. For example, the first permanent magnet yoke iron disc 34 and the second permanent magnet yoke iron disc 32 in the first permanent magnet rotor group are connected by the first gear-rack mechanism 33, and the third permanent magnet yoke iron disc 27 and the fourth permanent magnet yoke iron disc 17 in the second permanent magnet rotor group are connected by the second gear-rack mechanism 26.

[0066] Combined with Figure 16 , the gear-rack mechanism includes a first support disc 41, a rack 42 and a gear 46; wherein, the first support disc 41 is sleeved on the spline sleeve and is key-connected with the spline sleeve. A limit block 58 is arranged on the outer surface of the first support disc 41. Two convex parts are arranged on the limit block 58. The two convex parts are axially staggered, and guide rods 59 are respectively arranged on the convex parts. The guide rods 59 are arranged axially; there are two racks 42. One end of each rack 42 is fixedly connected with the adjacent permanent magnet yoke iron disc, and a circular channel is opened at the other end of each rack 42; the guide rod 59 is inserted into the circular channel of the rack 42; a gear 46 is installed between the two racks 42, and the gear 46 meshes and drives with the two racks 42 respectively.

[0067] In this application, in order to limit the circumferential movement of the gear 46 and the rack 42, a disc housing 47 is sleeved outside the first support disc 41. The disc housing 47 is provided with a groove corresponding to the limit block 58. After the first support disc 41 and the disc housing 47 are assembled, the gear 46 and the rack 42 will be limited in the groove of the disc housing 47.

[0068] More specifically, the gear 46 is sleeved on the connecting rod 45. The connecting rod 45 is arranged in a stepped shaft shape. The end with a larger diameter of the connecting rod 45 can limit the movement of the gear 46. At the other end of the connecting rod 45, the gear 46 is fixed on the connecting rod 45 by a gear end cover 43 and a cross recessed countersunk head screw 44. A positioning hole is opened on the limit block 58. During installation, the gear end cover 43 falls into the positioning hole.

[0069] More specifically, a through hole is radially opened at the groove of the disc housing 47. During installation, the disc housing 47 can be first sleeved outside the first support disc 41, and the gear 46 on the connecting rod 45 is installed on the first support disc 41 through the through hole at the groove.

[0070] More specifically, the limit block 58 and the first support disc 41 can be fixedly connected in a split manner by using fasteners or the like, or they can be of an integral structure.

[0071] In the present application, the first permanent magnet rotor group is arranged between two conductor yoke iron discs, as Figure 2 , a composite disc I is formed by the conductor yoke iron disc one 5, the first permanent magnet rotor group, and the conductor yoke iron disc two 12, and a composite disc II is formed by the conductor yoke iron disc three 13, the second permanent magnet rotor group, and the conductor yoke iron disc four 16.

[0072] In the present application, the rocker-slider mechanism 29 connecting the first permanent magnet rotor group and the second permanent magnet rotor group is as Figure 17 shown. A plurality of equidistant rocker-slider mechanisms 29 can be arranged between the first permanent magnet rotor group and the second permanent magnet rotor group to connect more permanent magnet rotor groups. In the present application, only one rocker-slider mechanism 29 is arranged.

[0073] The rocker-slider mechanism 29 includes a slider, a rocker, and a connecting member; specifically, the slider includes an upper slider 51 and a fixed base 55. The fixed base 55 is fixedly installed on the second support disc 54. The second support disc 54 is sleeved on the output shaft 23, and the second support disc 54 and the output shaft 23 are connected by a key. A support column 57 is installed on the fixed base 55. The support column 57 is arranged along the radial direction of the second support disc 54; the upper slider 51 is sleeved on the support column 57 and can move up and down along the support column 57.

[0074] One end of the first support member 50 and one end of the second support member 53 are respectively hinged to two side edges of the fixed base 55 facing the permanent magnet yoke iron disc; one end of the first rocker 49 and one end of the second rocker 52 are respectively hinged to two side edges of the upper slider 51 facing the permanent magnet yoke iron disc, and chutes are arranged on the first rocker 49 and the second rocker 52; the other end of the first support member 50 is inserted into the chute of the first rocker 49 through a cylindrical pin, and the other end of the second support member 53 is inserted into the chute of the second rocker 52 through a cylindrical pin; the other end of the first rocker 49 and the other end of the second rocker 52 are respectively hinged to the permanent magnet yoke iron disc two 32 and the permanent magnet yoke iron disc three 27. In the present application, fixing blocks 56 are fixedly installed on the opposite side wall surfaces of the permanent magnet yoke iron disc two 32 and the permanent magnet yoke iron disc three 27, and the other end of the first rocker 49 and the other end of the second rocker 52 can be rotatably connected to the fixing blocks 56 on the permanent magnet yoke iron disc two 32 and the permanent magnet yoke iron disc three 27 respectively through cylindrical pins 48.

[0075] In the present application, the permanent magnets on the four permanent magnet yoke iron discs adopt the same installation arrangement method. According to the actual situation, the installation arrangement methods of the permanent magnet yoke iron discs are:

[0076] (1) As Figure 6 , 7, the permanent magnet is divided into two layers radially. The permanent magnets are arranged with N and S poles alternating at intervals, and the magnetization directions are opposite axially. A cage 39 is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet yoke disc. The permanent magnets are installed in the cage 39 at intervals, and the cage 39 is fixed to the permanent magnet yoke disc by socket head cap screws 40;

[0077] (2) As Figure 8 , 9 , the permanent magnet is divided into two layers radially. The permanent magnets are arranged in a 90° Halbach array. When unfolded circumferentially, the magnetization directions in one period are left, up, right, and down. Two layers of aluminum cages are fixedly connected to the permanent magnet yoke disc. The two layers of permanent magnets are fully installed and radially fixed respectively through the inner permanent magnet yoke disc and the outer two layers of aluminum cages;

[0078] (3) As Figure 10 , the permanent magnet is divided into two layers radially. The permanent magnets are arranged with N and S poles alternating and fully distributed, and the magnetization directions are opposite axially. Two layers of aluminum cages are fixedly connected to the permanent magnet yoke disc. The two layers of permanent magnets are fully installed and radially fixed respectively through the inner permanent magnet yoke disc and the outer two layers of aluminum cages;

[0079] (4) As Figure 11 , the permanent magnets are arranged with N and S poles alternating at intervals, and the magnetization directions are opposite axially. An aluminum cage is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet yoke disc. The permanent magnets are installed in the aluminum cage at intervals;

[0080] (5) As Figure 12 , the permanent magnets are arranged in a 90° Halbach array. When unfolded circumferentially, the magnetization directions in one period are left, up, right, and down. The permanent magnets are tightly adhered to the permanent magnet yoke disc, and the permanent magnets are radially fixed through the permanent magnet yoke disc;

[0081] (6) As Figure 13 , the permanent magnets are arranged in a fully distributed manner with N and S poles alternatingly installed, and the magnetization directions are opposite axially. The permanent magnets are tightly adhered to the permanent magnet yoke disc, and the permanent magnets are radially fixed through the permanent magnet yoke disc.

[0082] In the present application, the crank-slider mechanism 18 includes a double-row tapered roller bearing 20, a housing 19, and a crank. The double-row tapered roller bearing 20 is sleeved outside the annular portion of the rightmost permanent magnet yoke disk four 17. The housing 19 is arranged outside the double-row tapered roller bearing 20. The housing 19 has an interference fit with the outer ring of the double-row tapered roller bearing 20 with a rotational speed of 0, and the permanent magnet yoke disk four 17 has an interference fit with the inner ring of the double-row tapered roller bearing 20 with the same output rotational speed. The housing 19 is connected to the crank. In addition, the housing 19 is connected to a fixed sleeve 22 through a helical spring 21. The fixed sleeve 22 is sleeved on the output shaft 23, and the fixed sleeve 22 is connected to the output shaft 23 through a key connection. The left and right sides of the fixed sleeve 22 are axially positioned and fixed through round nuts.

[0083] The working principle of a multi-group, multi-disk, multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler proposed by the present invention is as follows:

[0084] Taking two composite disks as an example, when the crank-slider mechanism 18 is at the rightmost end and axially fixed, the input shaft 1 is driven by a power source to rotate. The input shaft 1 drives the outer frame composed of 4 conductor yoke disks and simultaneously drives the conductors on the conductor yoke disks to rotate synchronously.

[0085] Each rotating conductor and the permanent magnets on the permanent magnet yoke disks opposite to each conductor generate relative motion. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, induced currents are generated in the four groups of conductors and the rotor. The induced magnetic fields generated by the induced currents interact with the permanent magnets to generate electromagnetic torques, driving the four permanent magnet yoke disks to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the output shaft 23 to rotate synchronously.

[0086] Speed regulation principle:

[0087] Combined with the attached Figure 2 and 3, when the crank-slider mechanism 18 is at the rightmost end, it drives the crank-slider mechanism 18 and the permanent magnet yoke disk four 17 to move axially to the left. The gear 46 on the gear-rack mechanism two 26 rotates and the rack 42 moves. At the same time, the rack 42 drives the permanent magnet yoke disk three 27 to move axially to the right on the spline sleeve two 24. When the permanent magnet yoke disk three 27 moves axially, the lower end of the second rocker 52 moves axially to the right, and the whole second rocker 52 rotates counterclockwise, driving the upper slider 51 to move axially inward along the support column 57. At the same time, it drives the first rocker 49 to rotate clockwise. The lower end of the first rocker 49 drives the permanent magnet yoke disk two 32 to move axially to the left on the spline sleeve one 30. When the permanent magnet yoke disk two 32 moves axially, the gear on the gear-rack mechanism one 33 rotates and the gear moves. At the same time, it drives the permanent magnet yoke disk one 34 to move axially to the right on the spline sleeve one 30, so that the four groups of permanent magnet rotors move synchronously. The air gaps between the four groups of permanent magnet rotors and the conductor rotor change simultaneously, and each group generates the same electromagnetic torque, thus producing a speed regulation effect.

[0088] When the crank-slider mechanism 18 is at the leftmost end, it drives the crank-slider mechanism 18 and the permanent magnet yoke disk four 17 to move axially to the right. The gear 46 on the gear-rack mechanism two 26 rotates and the rack 42 moves. At the same time, the rack 42 drives the permanent magnet yoke disk three 27 to move axially to the left on the spline sleeve two 24. When the permanent magnet yoke disk three 27 moves axially, the lower end of the second rocker 52 moves axially to the left, and the whole second rocker 52 rotates clockwise, driving the upper slider 51 to move axially outward along the support column 57. At the same time, it drives the first rocker 49 to rotate counterclockwise. The lower end of the first rocker 49 drives the permanent magnet yoke disk two 32 to move axially to the right on the spline sleeve one 30. When the permanent magnet yoke disk two 32 moves axially, the gear on the gear-rack mechanism one 33 rotates and the gear moves. At the same time, it drives the permanent magnet yoke disk one 34 to move axially to the left on the spline sleeve one 30, so that the four groups of permanent magnet rotors move synchronously. The air gaps between the four groups of permanent magnet rotors and the conductor rotor change simultaneously, and each group generates the same electromagnetic torque, thus producing a speed regulation effect.

[0089] When the crank-slider mechanism 18 is at any intermediate position, according to the speed regulation requirement, the crank-slider mechanism is driven to move axially.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present application, only two composite disks are described. Based on the design of the present application, the power of the magnetic coupling can be increased by adding a rocker-slider mechanism 29 and composite disks.

[0091] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the design concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the principles and design concepts disclosed by the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-group multi-disc multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler, characterized in that Comprising: Input shaft (1); Output shaft (23), the output shaft (23) being coaxially arranged with the input shaft (1); A plurality of composite discs sequentially arranged on the output shaft (23), each composite disc including a conductor rotor group, a permanent magnet rotor group, a rack and pinion mechanism, and a spline sleeve; The spline sleeve is sleeved on the output shaft (23) and is connected by a key; The permanent magnet rotor group includes two relatively arranged permanent magnet yoke discs and permanent magnets respectively arranged on the surfaces of the two permanent magnet yoke discs; The conductor rotor group includes two relatively arranged conductor yoke discs and conductors respectively arranged on the surfaces of the two conductor yoke discs; In the same composite disc, the conductor yoke disc and the permanent magnet yoke disc on the same side, and the permanent magnet and the conductor are in one-to-one correspondence; and there is an air gap between the permanent magnet and the conductor; In the same composite disc, if one of the conductor rotor group and the permanent magnet rotor group is used as the active unit, the other is used as the driven unit; The power input end of the active unit is power-connected to the input shaft (1); the yoke discs in the same active unit and the yoke discs of adjacent active units are fixedly connected; The driven unit is sleeved outside the spline sleeve and is spline-connected with the spline sleeve; the yoke discs in the same driven unit are connected by a rack and pinion mechanism; adjacent driven units are connected by a rocker-slider mechanism (29); A crank-slider mechanism (18) connected to the power output end of the driven unit; The rack and pinion mechanism includes a first support disc (41), a rack (42) and a gear (46); wherein, the first support disc (41) is sleeved on the spline sleeve and is key-connected to the spline sleeve, a limit block (58) is arranged on the outer surface of the first support disc (41), two convex parts are arranged on the limit block (58), the two convex parts are axially offset, and guide rods (59) are respectively arranged on the convex parts, the guide rods (59) are arranged axially; there are two racks (42), one end of each rack (42) is fixedly connected to the adjacent permanent magnet yoke disc, and a circular channel is opened at the other end of each rack (42); the guide rods (59) are inserted into the circular channels of the racks (42); a gear (46) is installed between the two racks (42), and the gear (46) is meshed with and drives the two racks (42) respectively.

2. The multi-group multi-disc multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler according to claim 1, wherein A disc housing (47) is sleeved outside the first support disc (41), the disc housing (47) is provided with a groove corresponding to the limit block 58, and after the first support disc (41) and the disc housing (47) are assembled, the gear (46) and the rack (42) are limited in the groove of the disc housing (47).

3. The multi-group multi-disc multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler according to claim 1, wherein, The rocker-slider mechanism (29) includes an upper slider (51), a fixed base (55) and multiple rockers; the fixed base (55) is fixedly installed on the second support disc (54), the second support disc (54) is sleeved on the output shaft (23), and the second support disc (54) is key-connected to the output shaft (23); a support column (57) is installed on the fixed base (55), and the support column (57) is arranged along the radial direction of the second support disc (54); the upper slider (51) is sleeved on the support column (57), and one end of the first support member (50) and one end of the second support member (53) are respectively hinged to two sides of the fixed base (55) facing the permanent magnet yoke disc; one end of the first rocker (49) and one end of the second rocker (52) are respectively hinged to two sides of the upper slider (51) facing the permanent magnet yoke disc, and chutes are respectively arranged on the first rocker (49) and the second rocker (52); the other end of the first support member (50) is inserted into the chute of the first rocker (49) through a cylindrical pin, and the other end of the second support member (53) is inserted into the chute of the second rocker (52) through a cylindrical pin; the other ends of the first rocker (49) and the second rocker (52) are respectively hinged to two adjacent permanent magnet yoke discs.

4. A multi-group multi-disc multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crank-slider mechanism (18) includes a double-row tapered roller bearing (20), a housing (19) and a crank. The double-row tapered roller bearing (20) is sleeved outside the outermost permanent magnet yoke disc at the output end, and a housing (19) is arranged outside the double-row tapered roller bearing (20), and the housing (19) is connected to the crank; the housing (19) is connected to the fixed sleeve (22) through a helical spring (21), the fixed sleeve (22) is sleeved on the output shaft (23), and the fixed sleeve (22) is key-connected to the output shaft (23).

5. A multi-group multi-disc multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, All conductor yoke discs are sequentially connected through I-beams (10).

6. The multi-group multi-disc multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that Yoke teeth are machined on the conductor yoke disc in an array distribution along the circumferential direction, and fan-shaped grooves are opened in the circumferential direction on the annular conductor; the fan-shaped grooves cooperate with the yoke teeth.

7. A multi-group multi-disc multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that The conductor is in a circular ring shape, and an annular groove corresponding to the conductor is opened in the conductor yoke disc, and the conductor is embedded in the annular groove of the conductor yoke disc.

8. A multi-group multi-disc multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that, The permanent magnets on the permanent magnet yoke disc are arranged in a single layer or two layers along the radial direction.

9. The multi-group multi-disk multi-air-gap linkage-adjustable magnetic coupler according to claim 8, characterized in that The permanent magnets in each layer are arranged in an alternating N and S pole pattern or in a 90° Halbach array.

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