Glenoid component for shoulder prosthesis and related shoulder prosthesis

Abstract

The present invention relates to a glenoid component (100, 600, 800, 1000, 1200) for a shoulder prosthesis, comprising: a glenoid coupling surface (101, 1001) adapted to be fixed to a bone and comprising a first convex portion (102) having a first outer edge (103, 1003) defining a development plane (104, 1004); a prosthesis coupling surface (105, 1005) opposite the glenoid coupling surface (101, 1001) and adapted to receive a second prosthesis portion of the shoulder prosthesis; The invention relates to a shoulder prosthesis, wherein the prosthetic coupling surface (105, 1005) includes a second portion (106) having a second outer edge (107, 1007), the second outer edge (107, 1007) defining a reference plane (108, 1008); wherein the glenoid component (100, 1000) provides a predetermined offset (109, 809, 1009) between the unfolded plane (104, 1004) and the reference plane (108, 1008) to define an increased thickness of the glenoid component (100, 1000) suitable for compensating for bone defects. The invention also relates to a shoulder prosthesis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a glenoid component for a shoulder prosthesis. The glenoid component comprises a glenoid coupling component and a prosthesis coupling component.

[0002] The invention also relates to a shoulder prosthesis including a glenoid component.

[0003] Generally, the invention finds application in the field of prosthetics for shoulder surgery. Background Art

[0004] Erosion of the glenoid surface is a fairly common factor in the art and must be considered in the context of shoulder prosthetic surgery.

[0005] In fact, in order to obtain good results in the medium and long term, during surgery it is necessary not only to reestablish the correct tension of the soft tissues, but also to try to restore any bone defects that may be present and cause problems with the subluxation of the humeral head.

[0006] There are several types of glenoid erosions. While posterior glenoid erosions are the most common, there are also superior erosions, glenoid deformities with a lower inclination, and central defects. All of these individual defects are often combined in specific situations. For example, an inferior deformation of the glenoid combined with a posterior erosion is a fairly common condition in patients with osteoarthritis.

[0007] Therefore, during surgery, it is important to identify the correct type of defect and correct it by restoring the glenoid pattern to a neutral state. For example, a prosthetic humeral head that is off-center articulated may result in excessive and premature wear of the polyethylene component and concurrent failure of the glenoid component due to a phenomenon known as the "rocking horse."

[0008] In the prior art, this type of compromise is sometimes remedied by asymmetrical milling of the glenoid surface in order to return the glenoid to its original neutral configuration.

[0009] Although this expedient method constitutes a solution that is still adopted, it has disadvantages, in particular related to the asymmetric milling of the surface with the disadvantage of removing a considerable part of the bone to correct the defect, whereby the component must subsequently be lateralized in order to properly tighten the soft tissue.

[0010] Another method currently used involves inserting a bone graft into the area with the defect. The disadvantage of this technique is that it is difficult to retrieve the graft. In fact, the graft is usually taken from a bone bank or directly from the patient using an operation that may be painful and have a long recovery time (e.g., bone grafts are taken from the iliac crest). In addition, the disadvantage of this method is that the implantation technique is particularly complex and human errors may occur, which may lead to non-optimal results for the restoration of the bone deformity and subsequent non-optimal results for the prosthesis connection.

[0011] These problems can be overcome using an increased prosthetic component, such as the one covered by the present invention. In particular, the implantation technique is much simpler for a person skilled in the art and at the same time allows obtaining good results. Summary of the invention

[0012] The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.

[0013] A further object is to provide a component suitable for conferring a particular effectiveness to a glenoid prosthesis system.

[0014] A further object is to provide a component suitable for conferring greater convenience in application or use by the surgeon.

[0015] A specific object of the present invention is to provide a device allowing restoration of typical bone defects of varying severity.

[0016] Another specific object of the invention is to provide a solution that allows the surgeon to make an immediate and standardized selection during the surgical phase.

[0017] Yet another specific object is to provide a solution that allows simple application by the surgeon.

[0018] Another specific object is to provide a structure of specific increased size for correction of bone defects.

[0019] A further specific object is to provide a component that allows a quick coupling with further devices used in prosthetic surgery, such as bone screws.

[0020] Finally, a specific object of the invention is to provide a device that is particularly suitable for standard production processes of prosthetic parts.

[0021] These and other objects are achieved by means of a glenoid component according to the features of the appended claims, which form an integral part of the present description.

[0022] The basic idea of ​​the present invention is to provide a glenoid component for a shoulder prosthesis, comprising: a glenoid coupling surface adapted to be fixed to a bone and comprising a first convex portion having a first outer edge defining a development plane; and a prosthesis coupling surface, the prosthesis coupling surface being opposite to the glenoid coupling surface and adapted to accommodate a second prosthesis component of the shoulder prosthesis, the prosthesis coupling surface comprising a second portion having a second outer edge defining a reference plane. The glenoid component provides a predetermined offset between the development plane and the reference plane so as to define an increased thickness of the glenoid component, the increased thickness being adapted to appropriately compensate for a bone defect.

[0023] Advantageously, the present invention provides the surgeon with a standard solution for a range of typical deformity conditions of varying severity found in shoulder surgery.

[0024] Specifically, the increased thickness of the glenoid component is defined by a maximum offset provided by a respective predetermined offset between a development plane defined by the first outer edge and a reference plane defined by the second outer edge. Preferably, the increased thickness of the glenoid component is defined by a maximum offset equal to or greater than 15% of the diameter of the glenoid component, more preferably equal to or greater than 25% of the diameter of the glenoid component.

[0025] Preferably, the predetermined offset is configured to vary a longitudinal distance along the perimeter of the first outer edge and the second outer edge, thereby defining an angle between the development plane and the reference plane.

[0026] Advantageously, the present solution allows re-establishing the correct configuration in the presence of angular bone defects, in particular at the posterior spherical glenoid surface.

[0027] More preferably, the angle between the development plane and the reference plane is comprised between 2° and 30°, preferably comprised between 5° and 25°, more preferably obtainable in increments of 5°.

[0028] Advantageously, the scope of the present invention is particularly effective in correcting typical angular bone defects and does not involve problems of mechanical resistance of the components and does not require additional milling operations.

[0029] According to an alternative embodiment, the predetermined offset is configured to substantially maintain a constant longitudinal distance along the perimeter of the first outer edge and the second outer edge, wherein the development plane and the reference plane are substantially parallel to each other when defining a standard incremental thickness.

[0030] Advantageously, this alternative embodiment is particularly suitable for central erosion of the glenoid, allowing restoration of the original thickness.

[0031] Preferably, the longitudinal distance is comprised between 2 mm and 10 mm, more preferably between 4 mm and 6 mm.

[0032] Advantageously, the scope of the present invention is particularly suitable for typical bone defects of the central type which further require a correct tensioning of the soft tissue.

[0033] Preferably, the glenoid component further comprises: a generally frustoconical glenoid coupling element protruding from the glenoid coupling surface and adapted to be coupled to a bone nail, the glenoid coupling element extending along an axis generally perpendicular to the reference plane.

[0034] Advantageously, the present solution is suitable for use in connection with bone screws of different lengths, thereby making the glenoid component according to the invention suitable for a variety of different solutions.

[0035] More preferably, the first convex portion of the glenoid component provides a substantially constant radius of curvature, preferably comprised between 25 and 35 mm, more preferably between 27 and 30 mm, whereas the second portion is preferably concave.

[0036] Advantageously, such a configuration allows replicating the bone curvature radius of the original glenoid in the best possible way and using the same tools for all configurations to obtain the correct seat of the glenoid component.

[0037] It is further preferred that a first outer edge of the glenoid coupling surface is substantially circular or oval or glenoid-shaped, and a second outer edge of the prosthesis coupling surface is substantially circular or oval.

[0038] Advantageously, the circular configuration allows the glenoid component to be oriented in a continuous manner, which provides 360° coverage of all defect types.

[0039] Oval or glenoid-shaped configurations represent the best state of an anatomical prosthesis, in which the humeral head articulates on the glenoid surface as it occurs precisely anatomically. In fact, these configurations are particularly suitable when the surgeon deems it necessary to use an anatomical prosthesis, such as in the case of young patients with intact rotator cuffs.

[0040] More preferably, the glenoid component further comprises at least two holes, preferably four holes, adapted to receive fixation screws of the component.

[0041] Advantageously, the correct selection of the number of fixation screws allows for correct orientation of the component even in mixed bone defects.

[0042] Preferably, according to an alternative embodiment, said holes are adapted to accommodate respective angular locking screws.

[0043] More preferably, the predetermined offset includes a first offset at the aperture and a second offset at the glenoid coupling element.

[0044] In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the purpose of the first offset and the second offset is to provide additional thickness in the screw hole in order to introduce an angularly stable locking element.

[0045] Preferably, the first offset comprises a first threaded portion adapted to receive a circumferentially threaded closure element, and preferably, the second offset comprises a second threaded portion adapted to receive a head of an angular locking screw.

[0046] Advantageously, the solution allows to introduce the angular locking screws in a first step, allowing the surgeon to orient them in the most suitable direction, and in a second step to lock the inserted screws by inserting the closing element, regardless of the direction chosen for the angular locking screws in the first step.

[0047] Preferably, the glenoid articulation surface comprises a trabecular porous structure adapted to increase stability and osseointegration of the glenoid component.

[0048] More preferably, the glenoid component further comprises a retaining element protruding from the prosthesis articulation surface, preferably adapted to receive and retain an anatomical liner, preferably made of polyethylene, advantageously replicating the surface on which the humeral head articulates.

[0049] Preferably, the present invention provides a kit including a plurality of glenoid components having respective different predetermined offsets so as to define different standard increased thicknesses suitable for compensating for different bone defects. Advantageously, the glenoid components provide different standard increased thicknesses, which thicknesses can be adjusted in discrete increments (i.e., 5%, or 7.5%, or 10%, or yet another different increment) for the surgeon to appropriately compensate for the specific bone defect encountered by the patient.

[0050] According to a further aspect of the present invention, a shoulder prosthesis is provided, comprising at least one second prosthetic component and a glenoid component made according to the above.

[0051] Further features and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred, non-limiting embodiment of the invention, and from the dependent claims summarizing preferred and particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] The invention is explained with reference to the following drawings given by way of non-limiting examples, in which:

[0053] Figure 1A and Figure 1B illustrates anterior and posterior perspective views of an embodiment of a glenoid component according to the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 illustrates a possible connection of the glenoid component of FIG. 1 to a bone screw;

[0055] Figure 3A and Figure 3B Illustrated Figure 1A and Figure 1B An exemplary attachment of a glenoid component to a scapula;

[0056] Figure 4 Illustrated Figure 1A and Figure 1B Side view of the glenoid component;

[0057] Figure 5 Illustrated Figure 1A and Figure 1B possible variations of the glenoid component;

[0058] Figure 6 Illustrated Figure 1A and Figure 1B Additional variations of glenoid components;

[0059] Figure 7 An example of a connection with a fixing screw is shown. Figure 1A and Figure 1B of the glenoid component;

[0060] Figure 8 A second embodiment of a glenoid component according to the present invention is illustrated;

[0061] Fig. 9 Illustrated Figure 8 Side view of the glenoid component;

[0062] Fig.10 Examples include Figure 1A and Figure 1B An exploded view of an exemplary shape of the glenoid portion of a reverse shoulder prosthesis of the glenoid component;

[0063] Fig.11A and Fig. 11B illustrates anterior and posterior perspective views of additional embodiments of glenoid components according to the present invention;

[0064] Fig. 12A and Fig. 12B Illustrated Fig.11A and Fig. 11B Anterior and posterior perspective views of variations of the glenoid component;

[0065] Fig.13 Illustrated Fig.11A and Fig. 11B possible variations of the glenoid component;

[0066] Fig.14 Illustrated with Fig.11A and Fig. 11B Possible articulation of the anatomic liner of the glenoid component;

[0067] Fig.15 Examples include Fig.11A and Fig. 11B An exploded view of another exemplary shape of the glenoid portion of a reverse shoulder prosthesis of the glenoid component;

[0068] Fig.16A and Fig. 16B Illustrated Fig.11A and Fig. 11B Additional exemplary attachment of the glenoid component of to the scapula;

[0069] Fig.17illustrates a perspective view of another embodiment of a glenoid component according to the present invention;

[0070] Fig.18 An example of a connection with a fixing screw is shown. Fig.17 Additional perspective views of variations of ; and

[0071] Fig.19A and Fig.19B An example of a connection with a fixing screw is shown. Fig.17 Perspective and cross-sectional views of variations of .

[0072] In different drawings, similar elements will be identified by similar reference numerals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] Referring to the drawings, reference numeral 100 generally designates an embodiment of a glenoid component for a shoulder prosthesis made in accordance with the present invention.

[0074] FIG1 shows an embodiment of a glenoid component 100, comprising a glenoid articulation surface 101 adapted to be fixed to a bone. The glenoid articulation surface 101 comprises a first convex portion 102 having a first outer edge 103 defining a development plane 104. The glenoid component 100 further comprises a prosthesis articulation surface 105, which is opposite the glenoid articulation surface 101 and adapted to receive a second prosthetic component of a shoulder prosthesis. The second prosthetic component is preferably a humeral component of a shoulder prosthesis.

[0075] The prosthesis coupling surface 105 comprises a second portion 106 having a second outer edge 107 defining a reference plane 108. The second portion 106 is preferably concave.

[0076] The glenoid component provides a predetermined offset 109 between the deployment plane 104 and the reference plane 108 .

[0077] In addition, the glenoid component 100 includes a generally frusto-conical glenoid coupling element 110 that protrudes from the glenoid coupling surface 101. The glenoid coupling element 110 may be integral with the body of the glenoid component 100 or may be removable.

[0078] like Figure 2 As can be seen in the figure, the glenoid coupling element 110 is adapted to be coupled to a bone screw 111. Since the coupling is of a modular type, preferably a conical coupling of the Morse taper type, there is the possibility of using bone screws 111 of various lengths, depending on the bone quality and the stability desired by the surgeon during surgery. Therefore, the freedom for the surgeon to use the same glenoid component 100 is maximized. The glenoid coupling element 110 is deployed along an axis that is substantially perpendicular to the reference plane 108.

[0079] In the present embodiment, the glenoid component 100 includes four through holes 112, which are suitable for receiving the fixing screws of the glenoid component 100. A recess 113 having a preferably substantially parallelepiped cross section at the glenoid coupling surface 101 corresponds to each hole 112. In addition, a circular recess 114 connected to the recess 113 is preferably provided around the glenoid coupling element 110.

[0080] exist Figure 3A and Figure 3B , a possible exemplary application of the glenoid component 100 on the scapula is visible. In this exemplary and non-limiting embodiment, the first outer edge 103 of the glenoid articulation surface 101 and the second outer edge 107 of the prosthesis articulation surface 105 are both substantially circular. This configuration allows the glenoid component 100 to be oriented in a continuous manner, which covers all types of defects 360°. The use of different configurations is not prevented. For example, a glenoid-shaped first outer edge 103 of the glenoid articulation surface 101 can be provided, which represents the optimal state of an anatomical prosthesis, wherein the humeral head is attached to the glenoid surface.

[0081] However, this exemplary solution is only applicable to reverse prostheses. A reverse prosthesis is a prosthesis that does not rely on the action of the rotator cuff muscles but on the deltoid muscles. In other words, a reverse prosthesis is a prosthesis with the head on the glenoid fossa, which is connected to a spherical pad positioned on the humeral part using the lever arm of the deltoid muscles. This type of prosthesis is used for patients with irreparable rotator cuff damage, loss of shoulder function and strength, and more precisely, patients who cannot use the rotator cuff muscles to make the shoulder prosthesis work.

[0082] Figure 4 A side view of the glenoid component 100 is represented, wherein the first convex portion 102 is particularly visible, said first portion 102 preferably providing a substantially constant (preferably comprised between 25 and 35 mm, more preferably between 27 and 30 mm) radius of curvature R. Said configuration allows replicating in the best possible way the radius of curvature of the bone of the original glenoid and obtaining a correct seat for the glenoid component 100 with the same tool for all configurations.

[0083] also, Figure 4 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 has a predetermined offset 109 configured to vary a longitudinal distance along the perimeter of the first outer edge 103 and the second outer edge 107 , thereby defining an angle α between the development plane 104 and the reference plane 108 .

[0084] Figure 51 represent different variants of the embodiment described. Considering that the correct correction must be established in all cases, the glenoid component 100 according to the different variants thus provides different inclinations of the development plane 104 of the first convex portion 102 from different angles α, which are considered based on the severity of the defect. It should be remembered that even an overcorrection relative to the neutral position (wherein the patient is in an upright position with his examined limb adducted along the side and his palm facing the side of the corresponding lower limb) may cause medium- and long-term problems for the patient.

[0085] As mentioned above, the first portion 102 of the glenoid articulation surface 101 is convex, the radius of curvature R of which is constant for all configurations using the same tool, which in the present case is represented by a tool with the same radius of curvature. It is therefore sufficient to orient the tool in the correct way based on the defect. In particular, Figure 5 Variations of angles 0° to 25° (in 5° increments) are represented. Obviously, the representation is merely illustrative and not limiting of the scope of protection defined by the appended claims. This example was chosen because the angles represented are the most common and an increase of 5° between one variation and another is considered to be the least perceptible. However, as described above, the glenoid component 100 can be made with all possible intermediate angles based on the specific needs of the surgeon (such as a 17.5° or 12° angle). For glenoid components 100 with greater angulation, longer bone nails 111 are used because the added material partially covers a portion of the exposed surface of the nail.

[0086] Preferably, the glenoid component 100 is made at an angle of no more than 30°, preferably no more than 25°, to avoid complicating the mechanical strength of the glenoid component 100, thereby increasing the lever arm between the force application point and the bone. Generally, to correct very severe defects, such as those having a 35° angle, it is preferred to use the glenoid component 100 in conjunction with a preliminary milling operation on an oblique axis relative to the eroded surface. However, there is nothing to prevent providing a more durable glenoid component 100 and employing a higher angle development plane 104.

[0087] and, Figure 5 The increased thickness of the glenoid component shown is defined by a maximum offset between the glenoid articulation surface and the prosthesis articulation surface, which ranges from about 10% for 0°, about 20% for 5°, about 25% for 10°, about 33% for 15°, about 43% for 20°, and about 50% for 25° relative to the corresponding diameter of the glenoid component.

[0088] In various configurations, the location of the convex center of curvature of the glenoid component 100 is selected so as to ensure a desired angle a and at the same time ensure a minimum thickness of the glenoid component 100 , still to avoid any mechanical sealing issues.

[0089] In the present case with the first circular outer edge 103 and the second circular outer edge 107 , it is sufficient to position the thickest portion of the glenoid component 100 in the direction of the bone defect.

[0090] Figure 6 Also shown is a variation 600 of the glenoid component 100 in which a porous / trabecular structure 601 is provided on the glenoid articulation surface 101 to increase the stability and osseointegration of the glenoid component 100 at the bone. Trabecular structure is a structure that incorporates the properties of bone tissue in which the bone laminae are arranged to form interconnected cavities.

[0091] As mentioned above and as Figure 7 As can be most clearly seen in the embodiment, the glenoid component 100 has four holes 112 adapted to receive fixation screws 715 to the bone surface. In the embodiment described, the four holes 112 allow for selection of the location and optimal number of fixation screws 715 for fixation, even when the glenoid component 100 is oriented along a mixed defect (e.g., an inferior-posterior defect with a 45° inclination).

[0092] Figure 8 800 in different variations. In the described embodiment, the predetermined offset 809 is configured to maintain a substantially constant longitudinal distance along the perimeter of the first outer edge 803 and the second outer edge 807, wherein the developed plane 104 and the reference plane 108 are substantially parallel to each other. The described embodiment is particularly suitable for cases of central erosion of the glenoid. Indeed, in such cases, after the on-axis milling operation to eliminate the defective portion, a glenoid component 800 is required that is not increased in angle but in flat thickness, which restores the milled articular surface to the same original height. Figure 8 The variants shown in FIG. 1 differ from one another in the different thicknesses S.

[0093] like Fig. 9 As can be seen in the figure, the glenoid articulation surface 801 in this case also has a first convex portion 802, which has a constant radius of curvature R. In this case, the convex center of curvature is always coaxial with the glenoid component 800. Therefore, in the preparation phase, a seat for the glenoid component 800 is made by a tool with the same radius R, which seat is coaxially positioned and actuated until the central defect is eliminated. In addition to being used to compensate for central bone defects, this embodiment is also suitable for correctly tensioning soft tissues. Preferably, in order to avoid the disadvantages of mechanical sealing, this embodiment is made with a thickness that is not too high.

[0094] and, Figure 8The increased thickness of the glenoid component shown is defined by a maximum offset provided by a respective predetermined offset 809 between a deployment plane defined by the first outer edge 803 and a reference plane defined by the second outer edge, the maximum offset ranging from approximately 9%, 18%, and 25% relative to the respective diameter of the glenoid component.

[0095] In this regard, a "normal" thickness of the glenoid component is defined by an offset of about 9% of the glenoid component diameter, while an increased thickness of the glenoid component is defined by a greater offset (preferably greater than 15%, more preferably greater than 25%), as also described above with reference to Figure 5 exemplified.

[0096] Preferably, the longitudinal distance is comprised between 2 mm and 10 mm, more preferably between 4 mm and 6 mm.

[0097] However, nothing prevents the use of more durable components having different thicknesses, these components being included within the scope of protection defined by the appended claims.

[0098] Fig.10 An exploded view showing an exemplary shape of the glenoid portion of a reverse shoulder prosthesis including a glenoid component 100 including a glenoid coupling element 110 and implanted with a fixation screw 715 , a bone peg 111 , and a prosthetic hemisphere 116 .

[0099] In situations where the surgeon deems it necessary to use an anatomical prosthesis rather than a reverse prosthesis, such as in the case of a young patient with an intact rotator cuff, an additional embodiment of the glenoid component 1000 is provided that Fig.11A and Fig. 11B as well as Fig. 12A and Fig. 12B It is represented in two different variants.

[0100] In particular, Fig.11A and Fig. 11B represents a structure for bone defects in the superior-inferior direction (IS), while Fig. 12A and Fig. 12B Represents the construct used for anterior-posterior bone defects (AP).

[0101] As can be seen, this embodiment in two variations is shown providing both a first outer edge 1003 of the glenoid articulation surface 1001 and a second outer edge 1007 of the generally elliptical prosthesis articulation surface 1005. Both variations are needed because the glenoid component 1000 cannot be rotated due to asymmetry issues similar to the embodiment with rounded outer edges 103 and 107.

[0102] Since the prosthesis is an anatomical one, the glenoid component 1000 must be positioned vertically on the glenoid to reproduce the surface anatomically. In the case of a mixed defect (e.g. superior-posterior with a 45° inclination), it is therefore necessary to choose one of the two cases (either posterior or superior) and prepare the seat with a milling operation until the defect is eliminated. Alternatively, however, a dedicated glenoid component 1000 can be developed for a specific bone defect.

[0103] Even in this embodiment, the glenoid component 1000 includes a glenoid coupling element 1010 of generally truncated cone shape, which protrudes from the glenoid coupling surface 1001 and is adapted to be coupled to a bone screw 1111, and is deployed along an axis generally perpendicular to the reference plane 1008. Even in this embodiment, bone screws 1111 of various lengths can be coupled modularly. Since the geometry of the glenoid coupling element 1000 is similar, the same glenoid component can be used in both the reverse type configuration and in the case of an anatomical prosthesis. This is particularly useful in the case where a conversion is required (i.e., a transition to a reverse type implant after an anatomical first implant).

[0104] like Fig.13 The glenoid component 1000 visible in FIG. 1 provides the same features as the previous embodiments. In particular, a variant is visible having a predetermined offset 1009 configured to vary the longitudinal distance along the perimeter of the first outer edge 1003 and the second outer edge 1007, thereby defining an angle α between the development plane 1004 and the reference plane 1008. Even in this case, a range of angles α comprised between 5° and 25° is preferred, but does not prevent the use of different angles.

[0105] A variant with a predetermined offset 1009 is further seen, which is configured to keep the longitudinal distance along the perimeter of the first outer edge 1003 and the second outer edge 1007 substantially constant in the event of central erosion. Even in this case, a range of longitudinal distances comprised between 4 mm and 6 mm is preferred, but does not prevent providing different longitudinal distances.

[0106] In all cases, a constant radius of curvature R is provided, with the same characteristics as described for the corresponding embodiments above with respect to the centre of convex curvature.

[0107] Preferably, a retaining element 1110 protruding from the prosthesis coupling surface 1001 is further provided.

[0108] like Fig.14As can be seen in the figure, the retaining element 1110 is preferably adapted to accommodate and retain an anatomical pad 1113, i.e. a coating that will replicate the surface on which the humeral head will be attached. The element protects and reduces impacts and allows the connection between the humeral head and the glenoid. Preferably, the anatomical pad 1111 is made of polyethylene. Fig.14 It can further be seen that, given the particular construction, this embodiment allows the use of two fixing screws 1115, thereby providing only two holes 1112.

[0109] Fig.15 An exploded view showing an exemplary shape of the glenoid portion of a reverse shoulder prosthesis including a glenoid component 1000 including a glenoid coupling element 1010 and implanted with a fixation screw 1115 , a bone peg 1111 , and a prosthetic hemisphere 1116 .

[0110] exist Fig.16A and Fig. 16B , a possible exemplary application of the glenoid component 1000 on the scapula is visible. The glenoid component 1000 can be made in various length and width dimensions in order to replicate the correct geometry of the glenoid for an anatomical implant, thus employing anatomical liners of varying sizes.

[0111] In cases where the surgeon provides the use of angular locking screws, also provide Fig.17 , Fig.18 , Fig.19A and Fig.19B An alternative embodiment 1200 is shown in which the aperture 112 is adapted to receive a corresponding angular locking screw 1201 .

[0112] According to the embodiment, the predetermined offset 109 at the prosthesis coupling surface 105 of the glenoid component 1200 comprises a first offset 109A at the hole 112 and a second offset 109B at the glenoid coupling element 110. The first offset 109A is preferably comprised between 1 mm and 7 mm, more preferably between 2 mm and 4 mm. In this embodiment, it is observed that the first offset 109A represents an additional thickness, while the second offset 109B corresponds approximately to the entire thickness 109 of the other embodiments described above. The first offset 109A thus serves as an additional thickness and allows the introduction of a locking element for the angular locking screw 1201.

[0113] The portion of the glenoid component 1200 including the glenoid coupling element 110 remains unchanged by not introducing any lateralization, while the glenoid component 100 provides an offset at the hole 112 that is configured to provide space for polyaxial locking of the screw 1201 .

[0114] As in Fig.19BAs can be better seen in the cross-sectional view of , in this embodiment, the first offset 109A comprises a first threaded portion 1202 adapted to receive a closure element 1203 having a circumferential thread. The circumferential threaded closure element 1203 is similar to the thread covering and locking cap for the screw 1201.

[0115] The second offset 109B comprises a second threaded portion 1204 adapted to receive a head 1205 of an angular locking screw 1201. In the illustrated embodiment, the figures specifically show a hemispherical head of the screw 1201 having a hexagonal recess into which the associated circumferential threaded closure element 1203 is inserted, the embodiment being described as exemplary and non-limiting.

[0116] Specifically, the fixing screw 1201 is oriented and tightened in the same manner as in the previous embodiment, while the closing element 1203 allows its angular locking once introduced. Thus, the closing element 1203 is tightened until it abuts against the head of the angular locking screw 1201, thereby compressing and locking it polyaxially.

[0117] Obviously, the present solution can be applied to all holes 112 or a subset thereof.

[0118] In a variant, nothing prevents providing a second non-threaded offset 109B and only a first threaded offset 109A, in particular if no particularly emphasized angle is desired for the screw 1201 (the angle at which the same screw 1201 mostly protrudes).

[0119] Another variant with a different locking scheme can also be provided, for example by adopting a fixing screw with an oversized head including an expandable elastic element. In this case, the polyaxial locking of the screw 1201 can be obtained by expanding the elastic element within the first offset 109A, without requiring the first offset 109A to provide a threaded portion.

[0120] The present invention also provides at least one shoulder prosthesis comprising a glenoid component according to one of the embodiments and variations of the present invention and at least one related prosthetic component associated with the glenoid component, such as the anatomical liner 1113 described above.

[0121] Advantageously, the present invention allows a range of possibilities for correcting bone defects using standard and test elements adapted to the patient's specific clinical condition.

[0122] Furthermore, the present invention combines uniqueness under different conditions with different characteristics for specific bone defects and universality of use, particularly by providing a surface adapted to couple to a convex glenoid with a constant radius, so as to allow the surgeon to employ a single tool in the preparation phase.

[0123] Advantageously, the present invention is applicable to bone defects of different conditions, whether due to angular erosion or due to central erosion.

[0124] Advantageously, the present invention allows for optimization of time and precision of surgical procedures specific to the shoulder.

[0125] Further advantageously, the present invention provides relatively simple and intuitive application for the surgeon.

[0126] Further advantageously, the present invention provides coupling with existing devices, such as bone screws, thereby also allowing coupling with a single glenoid component with several bone screws of various lengths.

[0127] Finally, advantageously, the invention does not have particularly complex structural characteristics, making it suitable for large-scale production, which also has significant implications from an economic point of view.

[0128] It should also be noted that each of the different embodiments further presents specific and particular advantages as described.

[0129] Obviously, the configuration of specific elements described with reference to certain embodiments can be used in other embodiments described herein without there being technical incompatibilities that are obvious to a skilled person.

[0130] For example, even in embodiments having an elliptical circumferential structure, the trabecular porous structure 601 may be used.

[0131] Therefore, the embodiments described herein are to be understood as illustrative and non-limiting examples of the present invention.

Claims

1. A glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) for a shoulder prosthesis, the glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) comprising: - a glenoid articulation surface (101) adapted to be fixed to a bone and comprising a first convex portion (102) having a first outer edge (103) defining a development plane (104); - a prosthesis coupling surface (105) opposite the glenoid coupling surface (101) and adapted to receive a second prosthetic component of the shoulder prosthesis, the prosthesis coupling surface (105) comprising a second portion (106) having a second outer edge (107) defining a reference plane (108); a glenoid coupling element (110) protruding from the glenoid coupling surface (101) and adapted to be coupled to a bone screw (111) of the shoulder prosthesis, the glenoid coupling element (110) extending along an axis perpendicular to the reference plane (108); wherein the glenoid component (100) provides a predetermined offset (109) between the deployment plane (104) and the reference plane (108), wherein the predetermined offset (109) is configured to change a longitudinal distance along a perimeter of the first outer edge (103) and the second outer edge (107) to define an angle (α) between the deployment plane (104) and the reference plane (108), The predetermined offset (109) defines an increased thickness of the glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) adapted to compensate for a bone defect, wherein the first outer edge (103) of the glenoid connection surface (101) is circular, and wherein the second outer edge (107) of the prosthesis connection surface (105) is circular, so as to allow the glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) to be oriented in a continuous manner, covering all types of bone defects at 360°, Wherein, the glenoid cavity connection surface (101) comprises a trabecular porous structure (601), and the trabecular porous structure (601) is suitable for increasing the stability and bone integration of the glenoid cavity component (100).

2. The glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) of claim 1, wherein: The angle (α) is between 2° and 30°.

3. The glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) of claim 1, wherein: The angle (α) is between 5° and 25°.

4. The glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: The first convex portion (102) provides a constant radius of curvature (R), and wherein the second portion (106) is concave.

5. The glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) of claim 4, wherein: The radius of curvature (R) of the first convex portion (102) is between 25 mm and 35 mm.

6. The glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) of claim 4, wherein: The radius of curvature (R) of the first convex portion (102) is between 27 mm and 30 mm.

7. The glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) of claim 1, further comprising: At least two holes (112) adapted to receive fixation screws (715) of the glenoid component of the shoulder prosthesis.

8. The glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) of claim 7, wherein: The holes (112) are adapted to receive corresponding angle locking screws (1201).

9. The glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) of claim 8, wherein: The predetermined offset (109) includes a first offset (109A) at the hole (112) and a second offset (109B) at the glenoid coupling element (110).

10. The glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) of claim 9, wherein: The first offset (109A) comprises a first threaded portion adapted to receive a circumferentially threaded closure element (1203), and wherein the second offset (109B) comprises a second threaded portion adapted to receive a head (1205) of a corresponding angular locking screw (1201).

11. The glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) of claim 1, further comprising a retaining element protruding from the prosthesis coupling surface, the retaining element being adapted to receive and retain an anatomical liner.

12. The glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) of claim 1, wherein: A set of glenoid components (100, 600, 1200) provides corresponding different predetermined offsets (109) to define a plurality of different standard increased thicknesses suitable for compensating for different bone defects.

13. The glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) of claim 1, wherein: The glenoid coupling element (110) is truncated-conical in shape.

14. A set of glenoid components (100, 600, 1200) according to claim 1, each glenoid component of the set providing a respective predetermined offset (109) so as to define a plurality of standard increased thicknesses adapted to compensate for different bone defects.

15. A shoulder prosthesis, comprising: - A glenoid component (100, 600, 1200) according to any one of claims 1 to 13; and - at least one second prosthetic component connected to the glenoid component (100, 600, 1200).

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