Forming method and forming mechanism of an external thread fastener

Abstract

A forming method and a forming mechanism for an external thread fastener. The forming method comprises the following steps: First, a wire rod is introduced into a positioning sleeve through an introduction component, the forming die is closed, and the wire rod is cut off. Then, a cold heading component cold-heads the wire rod to form the head of the external thread fastener and the external thread on the rod part. Next, a rotating structure rotates to drive the external thread fastener to be screwed out from the forming cavity of the forming die, and during the screwing-out process, deburring treatment is simultaneously performed on the surface of the external thread fastener. The forming mechanism used in this forming method comprises a bottom plate, an introduction component, a forming component, and a cold heading component. The introduction component, the forming component, and the cold heading component are assembled on the bottom plate. Compared with the prior art, in this application, the three processes of cutting, forming, and thread rolling are concentrated on one device, improving the production efficiency and reducing the production cost. Moreover, in this application, blanking and deburring are also combined to improve the quality of the surface of the part, especially the external thread end.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of the production of external thread fasteners, and particularly relates to a forming method and a forming mechanism for external thread fasteners. Background Art

[0002] Fasteners are a general term for a class of mechanical parts used to firmly connect two or more parts or components into a whole. The industries using fasteners are very extensive, including energy, electronics, electrical appliances, machinery, chemical industry, metallurgy, molds, hydraulics and other industries. All kinds of fasteners can be seen on various machinery, equipment, vehicles, ships, railways, bridges, buildings, structures, tools, instruments, chemical industry, meters and supplies, etc. Fasteners are the most widely used mechanical basic parts. Its characteristics are that there are a wide variety of product specifications, different performance uses, and a very high degree of standardization, serialization and generalization. Therefore, some fasteners with existing national standards are also called standard fasteners, or simply referred to as standard parts.

[0003] Fasteners usually include bolts, studs, screws, nuts, pins and keys, washers, retaining rings, rivets, etc. In the existing technology, the forming processes of external thread fasteners such as bolts, studs, and screws are mainly divided into three parts: cutting, forming, and thread rolling. The forming process of a part often requires several processes, and the production efficiency is still expected to be further improved. Moreover, if non-standard fasteners are manufactured in small batches, the cost is very high.

[0004] Therefore, based on some of the above existing technologies, the present application has been further designed and improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the above deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a forming method and a forming mechanism for external thread fasteners, which concentrate the three processes of cutting, forming, and thread rolling on one device, improving the production efficiency and reducing the production cost. Moreover, the present application also combines blanking and deburring to improve the quality of the part surface, especially the external thread end.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions.

[0007] A forming method and a forming mechanism for external thread fasteners, the forming method comprising the following steps:

[0008] First, the wire that has been processed through heat treatment and other processes is introduced into the positioning sleeve through the introduction component. When the wire to be introduced reaches the specified value, the introduction component pauses working, the forming die closes, and the wire is cut. Then, under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the cold heading component cold heads the wire in the forming die to form the head of the external thread fastener and the external thread of the rod part. Next, the rotating structure rotates, driving the external thread fastener to screw out from the forming cavity of the forming die, and at the same time deburring the surface of the external thread fastener during the screwing-out process.

[0009] The forming mechanism for an external thread fastener used in this forming method includes a bottom plate, an introduction component, a forming component, and a cold heading component. The introduction component, the forming component, and the cold heading component are assembled on the bottom plate.

[0010] The introduction component is used to straighten and fix the wire, which is beneficial to improving the control accuracy of the weight of a single wire.

[0011] The forming component includes a left half die and a right half die. The left half die and the right half die are respectively driven by a left forming hydraulic cylinder and a right forming hydraulic cylinder to ensure the tightness when the left half die and the right half die close, as well as the stability and persistence of the pressure. The left half die and the right half die form a forming die. A positioning cavity and a forming cavity are provided in the forming die, and a cutting edge is provided between the positioning cavity and the forming cavity, which is beneficial to cutting the wire. The inner wall of the forming cavity is provided with an internal thread for forming the external thread of the fastener.

[0012] The cold heading component includes a cold heading hydraulic cylinder. A rotating structure is provided at the end of the output rod of the cold heading hydraulic cylinder. A rotating shaft is rotatably assembled in the rotating structure. A cold heading head is provided at the end of the rotating shaft. The cold heading head is coaxial with the forming cavity of the forming die to ensure the accuracy of the forming process.

[0013] In a preferred implementation manner, the introduction component includes a fixing frame, and a positioning sleeve is assembled on the fixing frame to help fix the wire and position the forming die.

[0014] In a preferred implementation manner, a first feeding part and a second feeding part are symmetrically and rotatably assembled on one side of the entrance of the positioning sleeve on the fixing frame. The first feeding part and the second feeding part cooperate to form a wire channel. The first feeding part and the second feeding part are introduced through the meshing cooperation of a first introduction transmission gear and a second introduction transmission gear provided on the rotating shaft, which is beneficial to controlling the introduction speed of the wire and performing auxiliary positioning.

[0015] In a preferred implementation manner, an introduction motor is assembled on the other side of the first introduction transmission gear. An output gear is provided at the end of the output rod of the introduction motor. The output gear is driven by meshing with the first introduction transmission gear, which is beneficial to the precise control of the transmission.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the rotating structure includes a fixed plate and a housing, which are fixedly assembled to the end of the output rod of the cold heading hydraulic cylinder in sequence. A rotating motor is fixedly assembled on the fixed plate, and the end of the output shaft of the rotating motor extends into and is rotatably assembled in the housing. A first rotating transmission gear is provided on the output shaft of the rotating motor, and a second rotating transmission gear is provided on the rotating shaft. The output shaft of the rotating motor and the rotating shaft are driven by gear meshing, which is beneficial to accurately control the rotation speed.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, sliders are provided on both sides of the housing, and corresponding slide rails are provided on the bottom plate to help support the weight of the rotating mechanism and ensure that the axis of the cold heading head always coincides with the axis of the forming cavity.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, a cold heading block is assembled in the cold heading head, and the cold heading block can be replaced, which is beneficial to later maintenance and can also replace different molds according to different parts, improving the scope of application.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, a downwardly inclined blanking channel is provided on the bottom plate at the position corresponding to the opening of the forming cavity of the forming die, so that the formed parts can slide down the blanking channel and enter the next process.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: The three processes of cutting, forming, and threading are concentrated on one device, improving production efficiency and reducing production costs. Moreover, the present application also combines blanking and deburring, improving the quality of the part surface, especially the external thread end. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the use of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged view of A in

[0024] Figure 4 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged view of B in

[0025] Figure 5 is a plan view of the present application.

[0026] Figure 6 is a plan sectional view of the housing part of the rotating structure.

[0027] Figure 7 is a plan view of the partial structure of the introduction component.

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic three-dimensional view of the left half mold.

[0029] Figure 9 Schematic view of the cooperation between the introduction component and the forming die.

[0030] Figure 10 Schematic three-dimensional view of the cold heading block in Embodiment 1.

[0031] Figure 11 Schematic three-dimensional view of the cold heading block in Embodiment 2.

[0032] Markings in the figure:

[0033] 1 - bottom plate; 11 - blanking channel; 12 - slide rail;

[0034] 2 - introduction component; 21 - fixing frame; 22 - positioning sleeve; 23 - first feeding member; 231 - first introduction transmission gear; 24 - second feeding member; 241 - second introduction transmission gear; 25 - wire channel; 26 - introduction motor; 261 - output gear;

[0035] 3 - forming component; 31 - left half mold; 32 - left forming hydraulic cylinder; 33 - right half mold; 34 - right forming hydraulic cylinder; 35 - forming die; 351 - positioning cavity; 352 - forming cavity; 353 - internal thread; 354 - cutting edge;

[0036] 4 - cold heading component; 41 - cold heading hydraulic cylinder; 42 - rotating structure; 421 - fixing plate; 422 - housing; 423 - rotating motor; 424 - first rotating transmission gear; 425 - second rotating transmission gear; 426 - slider; 427 - cold heading head; 428 - cold heading block; 429 - forming groove;

[0037] 5 - wire;

[0038] 6 - external thread fastener. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0040] In the following implementation manners, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar components or components with the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The implementation manners described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms: center, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, thickness, upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inner, outer, clockwise, counterclockwise, etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms: first, second, etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms: installation, connection, connection, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present practical application according to specific circumstances.

[0042] Refer to Figures 1 to 11 。

[0043] A forming mechanism for an external thread fastener includes a bottom plate 1, a guiding component 2, a forming component 3, and a cold heading component 4. The guiding component 2, the forming component 3, and the cold heading component 4 are assembled on the bottom plate 1.

[0044] The guiding component 2 is used to straighten and fix the wire rod 5, which is beneficial to improving the control accuracy of the weight of a single wire rod 5.

[0045] Specifically, the guiding component 2 includes a fixing frame 21, and a positioning sleeve 22 is assembled on the fixing frame 21. Refer to Figure 9 , which helps to fix the wire rod 5 and position the forming die 35. On one side of the entrance of the positioning sleeve 22 on the fixing frame 21, a first feeding member 23 and a second feeding member 24 are symmetrically and rotatably assembled. The first feeding member 23 and the second feeding member 24 cooperate to form a wire rod channel 25. Specifically, refer to Figure 7 , and the first feeding member 23 and the second feeding member 24 are guided through the meshing cooperation of a first guiding transmission gear 231 and a second guiding transmission gear 241 provided on the rotating shaft, which is beneficial to controlling the guiding speed of the wire rod 5 and performing auxiliary positioning. On the other side of the first guiding transmission gear 231, a guiding motor 26 is assembled. The end of the output rod of the guiding motor 26 is provided with an output gear 261, and the output gear 261 is transmitted through meshing with the first guiding transmission gear 231, which is beneficial to the precise control of the transmission.

[0046] The forming assembly 3 includes a left half-mold 31 and a right half-mold 33. The left half-mold 31 and the right half-mold 33 are respectively driven by a left forming hydraulic cylinder 32 and a right forming hydraulic cylinder 34 to ensure the tightness, stability, and durability of the pressure when the left half-mold 31 and the right half-mold 33 are closed. The left half-mold 31 and the right half-mold 33 form a forming mold 35. A positioning cavity 351 and a forming cavity 352 are provided in the forming mold 35. A cutting edge 354 is provided between the positioning cavity 351 and the forming cavity 352, which is beneficial to cutting the wire 5. An internal thread 353 is provided on the inner wall of the forming cavity 352 for forming the external thread of the fastener. The structure of the left half-mold refers to Figure 8 , and the specific structure of the right half-mold is symmetrically arranged with that of the left half-mold

[0047] Specifically, a downwardly inclined blanking channel 11 is provided on the bottom plate 1 corresponding to the opening of the forming cavity 352 of the forming mold 35, so that the formed parts can slide down from the blanking channel 11 and enter the next process.

[0048] The cold heading assembly 4 includes a cold heading hydraulic cylinder 41. A rotating structure 42 is provided at the end of the output rod of the cold heading hydraulic cylinder 41. A rotating shaft is rotatably assembled in the rotating structure 42. A cold heading head 427 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft. The cold heading head 427 is coaxial with the forming cavity 352 of the forming mold 35 to ensure the accuracy of the forming process. The distribution of the relevant structures refers to Figure 3 and Figure 6 .

[0049] Specifically, the rotating structure 42 includes a fixing plate 421 and a housing 422. The fixing plate 421 and the housing 422 are sequentially and fixedly assembled at the end of the output rod of the cold heading hydraulic cylinder 41. A rotating motor 423 is fixedly assembled on the fixing plate 421. The end of the output shaft of the rotating motor 423 extends into and is rotatably assembled in the housing 422. A first rotating transmission gear 424 is provided on the output shaft of the rotating motor 423. A second rotating transmission gear 425 is provided on the rotating shaft. The output shaft of the rotating motor 423 and the rotating shaft are driven by gear meshing, which is beneficial to accurately control the rotation speed. Sliders 426 are provided on both sides of the housing 422, and corresponding slide rails 12 are provided on the bottom plate 1 to help support the weight of the rotating mechanism and ensure that the axis of the cold heading head 427 always coincides with the axis of the forming cavity 352.

[0050] Specifically, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 6 , a cold heading block 428 is assembled in the cold heading head 427. The cold heading block 428 can be replaced, which is beneficial to later maintenance and can also replace different molds according to different parts, improving the scope of application. The forming mold 35 can be replaced to facilitate the production of external thread fasteners 6 of different models in cooperation with different cold heading blocks 428.

[0051] Embodiment 1: The forming mechanism is used to produce hexagon bolts. The middle of the cold heading block 428 is a hexagonal prism-shaped forming groove 429, and the bottom of the forming cavity 352 of the forming die 35 is flat.

[0052] Embodiment 2: The forming mechanism is used to produce cross round head bolts. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the middle of the cold heading block 428 is a circular forming groove 429, and a cross-shaped protrusion is provided in the middle of the bottom of the forming groove 429.

[0053] The forming method of this forming mechanism is as follows:

[0054] Cutting: One end of the wire 5 that has been processed by heat treatment and other processes is inserted into the wire channel 25 between the first feeding member 23 and the second feeding member 24. The guiding motor 26 is started, and the first feeding member 23 and the second feeding member 24 rotate to straighten and guide the wire 5 into the positioning sleeve 22. The wire 5 extends out of the positioning sleeve 22 and enters the forming area. When the weight of the wire 5 to be guided reaches the specified value, the guiding assembly 2 pauses working, and the left half die 31 and the right half die 33 close under the action of the left forming hydraulic cylinder 32 and the right forming hydraulic cylinder 34 to form a complete forming die 35, and the cutting edge 354 cuts off the wire 5.

[0055] Forming: The cold heading hydraulic cylinder 41 pushes the rotating structure 42 forward to abut against the forming die 35, and the cold heading head 427 and the forming cavity 352 jointly act to cold form the wire 5. Among them, the cold heading head 427 forms part of the head of the fastener, and the forming cavity 352 forms part of the rod portion and the external thread of the fastener.

[0056] Blanking and deburring: The rotating motor 423 rotates to drive the rotation of the rotating shaft in the rotating structure 42, and the cold heading head 427 on the rotating shaft rotates to drive the external thread fastener 6 to be screwed out of the forming cavity 352 of the forming die 35. During the screwing out process, the surface of the external thread fastener 6 is deburred at the same time.

[0057] This application integrates the three processes of cutting, forming and threading on one device, improving production efficiency and reducing production costs. Moreover, this application also combines blanking and deburring, improving the quality of the part surface, especially the external thread end.

[0058] The protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention is subject to the claims, and any replacement, deformation, and improvement that are easily conceivable by those skilled in the art for this technology fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forming method for an external thread fastener, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S10: Import the wire rod processed by processes such as heat treatment into the positioning sleeve through the import component; when the wire rod to be imported reaches the specified value, the import component pauses working, the forming die closes, and the wire rod is cut off; S20: The cold heading component cold heads the wire rod in the forming die under the action of the cold heading hydraulic cylinder to form the head of the external thread fastener and the external thread on the rod part; S30: The rotating structure rotates to drive the external thread fastener to screw out from the forming cavity of the forming die, and during the screwing out process, deburring treatment is carried out on the surface of the external thread fastener at the same time; The forming method is realized through a forming mechanism, and the forming mechanism includes a bottom plate, an import component, a forming component and a cold heading component; the import component, the forming component and the cold heading component are assembled on the bottom plate; The import component is used for straightening and fixing the wire rod; The forming component includes a left half die and a right half die, and the left half die and the right half die are respectively driven by a left forming hydraulic cylinder and a right forming hydraulic cylinder; the left half die and the right half die are combined into a forming die, a positioning cavity and a forming cavity are arranged in the forming die, a cutting edge is arranged between the positioning cavity and the forming cavity, and an internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the forming cavity; The cold heading component includes a cold heading hydraulic cylinder, a rotating structure is arranged at the end of the output rod of the cold heading hydraulic cylinder, a rotating shaft is rotatably assembled in the rotating structure, a cold heading head is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft, and the cold heading head is coaxial with the forming cavity of the forming die; The rotating structure includes a fixing plate and a shell, and the fixing plate and the shell are sequentially fixedly assembled at the end of the output rod of the cold heading hydraulic cylinder; a rotating motor is fixedly assembled on the fixing plate, and the end of the output shaft of the rotating motor extends into and is rotatably assembled in the shell; a first rotating transmission gear is arranged on the output shaft of the rotating motor, a second rotating transmission gear is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the output shaft of the rotating motor and the rotating shaft are in meshing transmission through gears; 2. The forming method of an external thread fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The import component includes a fixing frame, and a positioning sleeve is assembled on the fixing frame; 3. The forming method of an external thread fastener according to claim 2, characterized in that, On one side of the entrance of the positioning sleeve on the fixing frame, a first feeding part and a second feeding part are symmetrically and rotatably assembled, the first feeding part and the second feeding part cooperate to form a wire rod channel, and the first feeding part and the second feeding part are imported through the meshing cooperation of a first import transmission gear and a second import transmission gear arranged on the rotating shaft; 4. The forming method of an external thread fastener according to claim 3, characterized in that, On the other side of the first import transmission gear, an import motor is assembled, an output gear is arranged at the end of the output rod of the import motor, and the output gear is driven by meshing with the first import transmission gear; 5. A forming method of an external thread fastener according to claim 4, characterized in that, Sliders are arranged on both sides of the shell, and corresponding slide rails are arranged on the bottom plate; 6. The forming method of an external thread fastener according to claim 1, wherein A cold heading block is assembled in the cold heading head, and the cold heading block can be replaced; 7. A forming method for an external thread fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, At the position corresponding to the opening of the forming cavity of the forming die on the bottom plate, a downwardly inclined blanking channel is arranged.

Images