Cargo loading and unloading device, automated loading and unloading system and control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a loading and unloading device, an automated loading and unloading system and a control method thereof, wherein the loading and unloading device comprises: a platform frame, a top frame, a retractable support mechanism and a crane, wherein the platform frame is provided with a platform plate and two parallel platform tracks, wherein the platform tracks are provided above the platform plate; the top frame is slidably provided on the platform tracks and can extend relative to the platform frame, wherein the top frame is provided with two parallel trolley tracks; the retractable support mechanism is provided on both sides of the top frame along its sliding direction, and is used to support the top frame; the crane is movably provided on the trolley tracks. The loading and unloading device is very suitable for goods with heavy weight and large volume, and the goods transfer process is smooth, safe and efficient, thereby improving work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of loading and unloading platforms, and in particular relates to a loading and unloading device, an automated loading and unloading handling system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The loading and unloading platform is a very common structural form in modern logistics sites. It is a loading and unloading operation platform used for fast and safe turnover of goods.

[0003] However, most of the existing loading and unloading platforms are for ordinary goods, which are small in size and light in weight. It is easy to transfer them from the closed container, and the corresponding platform has a simple structure and a small area. However, for heavy and large goods, they are loaded in a closed container, and the existing loading and unloading platforms cannot transfer them. For some very slender goods, for example, some goods are more than ten meters long, and the corresponding containers are also slender (the ratio of length to width is large), the existing loading and unloading platforms cannot meet the needs of automatic and efficient loading and unloading of heavy, large and long goods.

[0004] Patent document No. 201620290959.8 discloses a mobile, liftable loading and unloading platform for docking containers, which includes a flat platform and an approach bridge hinged to the flat platform. Movable wheels and a height-adjustable support device are arranged below the flat platform, and the height of the movable wheels is between the lowest position and the highest position of the support device. Although the loading and unloading platform is movable and liftable, it cannot be automatically loaded and unloaded. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a loading and unloading device, an automated loading and unloading system and a control method thereof, aiming to solve the problem that the existing loading and unloading platform is not suitable for loading and unloading heavy and large goods.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a loading and unloading device, comprising:

[0007] The platform frame comprises a frame body, a platform plate arranged on the frame body, and two parallel platform rails arranged on the top of the frame body, wherein the platform rails are arranged above the platform plate;

[0008] A top frame is slidably disposed on the platform rail and can extend relative to the platform frame, and the top frame is provided with two parallel trolley rails;

[0009] A retractable support mechanism, provided on both sides of the top frame along its sliding direction, for supporting the top frame;

[0010] The trolley is movably arranged on the trolley track. Preferably, the platform plate and the top frame are both long, and the extension direction of the platform track, the long direction of the platform plate, and the long direction of the top frame are all consistent.

[0011] Preferably, the top frame is longer than the platform frame.

[0012] Preferably, the traveling crane comprises: a trolley and a trolley, the trolley is slidably disposed on the trolley track, the trolley is provided with a trolley track, the trolley is slidably disposed on the trolley track, and the trolley is connected to a sling via a steel wire rope.

[0013] Preferably, the telescopic support mechanism is a hydraulic telescopic rod.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the platform frame is provided with a retractable support leg. The retractable support leg is used to support and position the platform frame, and can also adjust the height of the platform board to facilitate docking with the storage platform and convenient loading and unloading. More preferably, during loading and unloading, the height of the platform board is adjusted to be flush with the storage platform through the retractable support leg, so that the platform board moves on a horizontal platform during the movement process, realizing the smooth transfer of goods and facilitating loading and unloading. Preferably, the retractable support leg is a hydraulic retractable support leg.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the platform frame is also provided with moving wheels, which facilitate the movement of the loading and unloading device.

[0016] Preferably, a traction frame is provided at one end of the platform frame, and the traction frame is used to connect with a traction device (such as a power vehicle) to achieve traction movement of the entire loading and unloading device.

[0017] The present invention further provides an automated loading and unloading system, comprising: any one of the above-mentioned loading and unloading devices and a storage platform, wherein the storage platform can be docked with a platform plate of the loading and unloading device.

[0018] Preferably, the storage platform is a container, or a transport vehicle, or a site rack.

[0019] The present invention further provides a control method for the automated loading and unloading system as described in any one of the above, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1, loading, including:

[0021] S11, a storage platform loaded with goods is moved to dock with the platform frame, and the top frame on the platform frame is controlled to extend toward the storage platform. After extending to the right position, the retractable support mechanism is controlled to support both ends of the top frame.

[0022] S12, controlling the crane on the platform frame to move to the top of the cargo, lifting the cargo by the crane, and then transferring the cargo to the platform frame by moving the crane, repeating this process for multiple times until all the cargo has been transferred, and then removing the storage platform;

[0023] S2, unloading, including:

[0024] S21, move another empty storage platform to dock with the platform frame, control the top frame on the platform frame to extend toward the empty storage platform, and after extending to the right position, control the retractable support mechanism to support both ends of the top frame,

[0025] S22, after controlling the crane to hoist the goods on the platform rack, the crane is used to transfer the goods to the empty storage platform, and this is repeated multiple times until all the goods are transferred.

[0026] Preferably, in step S1, when loading, the storage platform is docked with an opening on one side of the platform frame; in step S2, when unloading, the storage platform is docked with an opening on the other side of the platform frame.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] First, when the storage platform moves to dock with the platform frame, the top frame is extended first, so that the crane can move from above the platform frame to above the storage platform, and through the back and forth movement of the crane, the goods on the storage platform can be loaded onto the platform frame, or the goods on the platform frame can be unloaded onto the storage platform. Since the top frame is set on the platform frame, the overall sliding of the top frame builds a bridge for transferring goods between the platform frame and the storage platform, and since the top frame is a rectangular frame with a strong load-bearing capacity, combined with the crane, the loading and unloading device of the present invention is very suitable for heavy and large goods, and the transfer process of goods is smooth and safe.

[0029] Second, in the present loading and unloading device, the sliding of the top frame and the automatic movement of the crane can be automatically controlled by the motor, and the retractable supporting mechanism of the top frame and the retractable legs at the bottom of the platform frame can be automatically controlled to extend or retract by means of hydraulic telescopic rods and other mechanisms, so that the entire process of loading or unloading is automatically controlled, realizing efficient automatic loading and unloading, saving time and effort, and improving work efficiency.

[0030] Third, it is difficult to transfer very slender goods through conventional lifting devices, and the goods are prone to shaking, causing dangerous accidents. The present invention sets the platform frame to a slender shape that matches the shape of the goods. When the slender platform board is docked with the mobile storage platform end to end, the goods can be smoothly transferred to the platform board under the drive of the vehicle, so that the loading and unloading device can be particularly suitable for transferring very slender goods, which is convenient and practical; the transfer process is smooth, and it is also suitable for loading and unloading some fragile items.

[0031] Fourth, both ends of the platform frame of the loading and unloading device of the present invention are open, the top frame can extend to the two ends, and the top frame is longer than the platform frame, that is, the loading and unloading device can load on one side and unload on the other side, thereby further improving work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a front structural diagram of a cargo loading and unloading device proposed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of the proposed loading and unloading device;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Structural drawing of the proposed cargo handling device with the top frame extended;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 1 An enlarged top view of the crane in the proposed loading and unloading device;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the top frame of the proposed loading and unloading device extending into the container;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the proposed loading and unloading device when docking with a flatbed truck;

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the proposed loading and unloading device when one side is docked with a flatbed truck and the other side is docked with a truck;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of an automated loading and unloading system proposed in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Description of the accompanying drawings of the present invention:

[0042] Label name Label name 1 Platform rack 11 Platform board 12 Platform Track 13 Moving wheel 14 Retractable feet 15 Traction frame 2 Top frame 21 Cart track 3 Retractable support mechanism 4 Driving 5 Storage Platform 6 container 121 Track Wheel DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0045] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0046] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0048] The present invention provides a loading and unloading device, an automatic loading and unloading system and a control method thereof.

[0049] First, an embodiment of the present invention provides a loading and unloading device. Figures 1 to 8 The loading and unloading device includes: a platform frame 1, a top frame 2, a retractable supporting mechanism 3 and a crane 4.

[0050] The platform frame 1 includes a frame body, a platform plate 11 arranged on the frame body, and two parallel platform rails 12 arranged on the top of the frame body. The platform rails 12 are arranged above the platform plate 11. The platform plate 11 is located below the frame body. The platform plate 11 is used to stack goods H. The platform rails 12 are arranged on the top of the platform frame 1, including a pair of parallel platforms. Both ends of the platform frame 1 along the extension direction of the platform rails 12 are provided with openings, and the openings are used to allow the goods H to move horizontally through. In order to load and unload heavy goods, the frame body is a steel frame structure.

[0051] The top frame 2 is rectangular and can be slidably arranged on the platform rail 12. The top frame 2 can be controlled to extend or retract relative to the platform frame 1 by electric drive. Specifically in this embodiment, a plurality of track wheels 121 are arranged on the platform rail 12, and a slide groove matching with the track wheels 121 is arranged at the bottom of the top frame 2, so that the top frame 2 can move relative to the platform frame 1, but not limited to, in other embodiments, other sliding matching structures can also be adopted between the top frame 2 and the platform frame 1, which is not limited here.

[0052] The telescopic support mechanism 3 is arranged at both ends of the top frame 2 along its sliding direction. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the telescopic support mechanism 3 is a hydraulic telescopic rod, and a hydraulic telescopic rod is respectively arranged at the four corners of the top frame 2. Through the control of the hydraulic solenoid valve, pressure oil can be sent into the hydraulic telescopic rod through the hydraulic pipeline control to extend the hydraulic telescopic rod. When the hydraulic telescopic rod is extended, it supports the entire top frame 2. However, in other embodiments, the telescopic support mechanism 3 may also adopt other telescopic support structures, which are not limited here.

[0053] The crane 4 is arranged on the top frame 2, and the crane 4 includes: a trolley 41 and a trolley 42. A trolley track 21 is arranged on the top of the top frame 2, and the trolley 41 is slidably arranged on the trolley track 21; a trolley track 43 is arranged on the top of the trolley 41, and the trolley 42 is slidably installed on the trolley track 43, and the trolley 42 is connected to a sling 44 through a wire rope. The crane 4 is a crane. After the cargo H is hoisted by the sling 44, the cargo H can be raised and lowered by controlling the lifting movement of the wire rope, and the cargo H can be moved laterally along the width direction of the top frame 2 by controlling the trolley 42 to move along the trolley track 43. By controlling the trolley 41 to move relative to the top frame 2, the cargo H can be moved longitudinally along the length direction of the top frame 2, thereby enabling the cargo H to move in three directions.

[0054] The embodiment of the present invention further provides an automated loading and unloading system, comprising the loading and unloading device and the storage platform 5 provided in the above embodiment.

[0055] The method of using the automatic loading and unloading system is as follows:

[0056] (1) After the storage platform 5 is moved to dock with an opening on one side of the platform frame 1, the top frame 2 is controlled to move toward the side of the storage platform 5 so that the top frame 2 extends above the storage platform 1;

[0057] (2) Control the retractable support mechanism 3 to extend, the retractable support mechanism 3 on the side close to the storage platform 5 extends to contact the ground or the platform surface of the storage platform 5, and the retractable support mechanism 3 on the side away from the storage platform 5 extends to contact the ground, so that the four corners of the top frame 2 are supported by the retractable support mechanism 3;

[0058] (3) By operating the crane 4, the cargo H is moved from the storage platform 5 to the platform frame 1, or from the platform 1 to the storage platform 5.

[0059] The cargo loading and unloading device has a top frame 2 disposed on the platform frame 1, and a cargo transfer bridge is built between the platform frame 1 and the storage platform 5 through the overall sliding of the top frame 2. In addition, since the top frame 2 is a rectangular frame with a strong load-bearing capacity, combined with the crane 4, the cargo loading and unloading device is very suitable for heavy and large cargoes, and the cargo transfer process is smooth and safe.

[0060] Furthermore, in the present loading and unloading device, the sliding of the top frame 2 and the automatic movement of the crane can be automatically controlled by a motor, and the retractable support mechanism 3 can be automatically controlled to extend or retract by a hydraulic telescopic rod or other mechanism, so that the entire process of loading or unloading is automatically controlled, realizing efficient automatic loading and unloading, saving time and effort, and improving work efficiency.

[0061] Furthermore, the platform plate 1 and the top frame 2 are both slender rectangles, and the extension direction of the platform rail 11, the long direction of the platform plate 1, and the long direction of the top frame 2 are all consistent.

[0062] For very long and thin cargoes, when they are loaded in the sealed container 6, it is difficult to move them out by conventional lifting devices, and the long and thin cargoes are prone to shaking during the transfer process, causing dangerous accidents.

[0063] To this end, the present invention sets the platform frame 1 to be an elongated shape that matches the shape of the goods. When the elongated platform board 11 is docked end to end with the elongated storage platform 5, the goods can be smoothly transferred to the platform board 11 under the drive of the vehicle 4 through the bridge effect of the top frame 2, so that the present invention can be particularly suitable for transferring very slender goods, which is convenient and practical.

[0064] Specifically in this embodiment, when the loading and unloading device is not working, both ends of the top frame 2 extend out of both ends of the platform frame 1, that is, the length of the top frame 2 is longer than the platform frame 1. When the top frame 2 is extended, a longer part can be retained above the platform frame 1. Therefore, by moving the storage platform 5 to one end of the platform frame 1 to dock, all the goods can be loaded and unloaded, which is more convenient to use. However, without limitation, the length of the top frame 2 can also be shorter than or the same as the length of the platform frame 1.

[0065] Furthermore, a moving wheel 13 and a retractable leg 14 are provided at the bottom of the platform frame 1, and a traction frame 15 is provided at one end of the platform frame 1. When the retractable leg 14 is folded up, the loading and unloading device can be moved as a whole through a traction device, such as a power vehicle, through the traction frame 15. After the loading and unloading device is moved to the required position, the retractable leg 14 can be lowered to position the entire loading and unloading device. At the same time, the height of the platform board can also be adjusted to be flush with the storage platform through the retractable leg, so that the platform board moves on a horizontal platform during the movement process, thereby realizing the smooth transfer of goods and facilitating loading and unloading. Preferably, the retractable leg is a hydraulic retractable leg.

[0066] In the automated loading and unloading system, the storage platform 5 can be a container 6, or a transport vehicle, or a site rack. The number of storage platforms 5 can be one or more, wherein the transport vehicle can be a flatbed truck or a truck, etc. The automated loading and unloading system can be used in different ways according to actual needs.

[0067] In one application scenario, the automated loading and unloading system includes: a loading and unloading device and two storage platforms 5, the first storage platform 5 is loaded with goods H, and the second storage platform 5 is empty. The loading and unloading device in this automated loading and unloading system is equivalent to a transition platform for temporary storage and transition of the goods H.

[0068] The steps for transferring the cargo H in the first storage platform 5 to the cargo loading and unloading device are as follows:

[0069] S11, the storage platform 5 loaded with the goods H is moved to dock with the platform frame 1, and the top frame 2 on the platform frame 1 is controlled to extend toward the storage platform 5. After being extended to the right position, the retractable support mechanism 3 is controlled to support both ends of the top frame 2.

[0070] S12, control the crane 4 on the platform frame 1 to move above the cargo H. After the cargo H is hoisted by the crane 4, the cargo H is transferred to the platform frame 1 by moving the crane 4. Repeat this process several times until all the cargo H is loaded into the platform frame 1.

[0071] The steps of transferring the cargo H in the loading and unloading device to another storage platform 5 are as follows:

[0072] S21, move another empty storage platform 5 to dock with the platform frame 1, control the top frame 2 on the platform frame 1 to extend toward the empty storage platform 5B, and after extending to the right position, control the retractable support mechanism 3 to support both ends of the top frame 2,

[0073] S22, after controlling the crane 4 to hoist the cargo H on the platform frame 1, the cargo H is transferred to the empty storage platform 5B by the crane 4, and this is repeated several times until all the cargo H is transferred.

[0074] For example, the first storage platform 5 is a container, and the goods H are transported by the container. The loading function of the loading and unloading device facilitates the timely unloading of the goods H from the container. The second storage platform 5 is a transport vehicle. When the goods H need to be taken out and transported to the required destination, the unloading function of the loading and unloading device can conveniently transfer the goods H to the truck for transportation. The second storage platform 5 can also be a site rack. By transferring the goods H to the site rack for storage, the loading and unloading device can be used to transfer and transition the next batch of goods.

[0075] In other application scenarios, the automated loading and unloading system may include: a loading and unloading device and more than two storage platforms, which can first transfer all the goods on one storage platform to the loading and unloading device, and then transfer the goods to other storage platforms as needed. Alternatively, first transfer all the goods on multiple storage platforms to the loading and unloading device, and then remove all the goods at once through another storage platform.

[0076] Preferably, when the loading and unloading device is loading, the first storage platform is docked with the opening on one side of the platform frame 1, and when unloading, the other storage platform is docked with the opening on the other side of the platform frame 1, that is, the loading and unloading device can load on one side and unload on the other side, further improving work efficiency.

[0077] Specifically, in this embodiment, the retractable support mechanism 3 can be extended downward to a certain length and can be retracted upward to a certain length. For transport vehicles such as flatbed trucks, the width of the trailer part used to load goods is relatively narrow. When the trailer part is moved to dock with the platform frame 1, the two retractable support mechanisms 3 at one end of the top frame 2 are located on both sides of the trailer part. By controlling the extension of the retractable support mechanism, the support of the top frame 2 is achieved. For trucks and other vehicles, the width of the trailer part is wider. When the truck is docked with the platform frame 1, the retractable support mechanism 3 is located above the loading platform of the truck when the top frame 2 is extended. At this time, the retractable mechanism is controlled to retract to a certain length, and then extended to abut against the bottom plate of the loading platform.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated loading and unloading system, characterized in that: include: A cargo loading and unloading device and a storage platform (5), wherein the storage platform (5) is capable of docking with a platform plate (11) of the cargo loading and unloading device; The cargo loading and unloading device comprises: A platform frame (1) comprises a frame body, a platform plate (11) arranged on the frame body, and two platform rails (12) arranged in parallel on the top of the frame body, wherein the platform rails (12) are arranged above the platform plate (11); A top frame (2) is slidably disposed on the platform rail (12) and can extend relative to the platform frame (1), and the top frame (2) is provided with two parallel trolley rails (21); both ends of the platform frame (1) are open, and the top frame (2) can extend toward the two ends; A retractable support mechanism (3) is provided at both ends of the top frame (2) along its sliding direction and is used to support the top frame (2); The trolley (4) is movably arranged on the trolley track (21); the trolley (4) comprises: a trolley (41) and a trolley (42); the trolley (41) is slidably arranged on the trolley track (21); the trolley (41) is provided with a trolley track (43); the trolley (42) is slidably arranged on the trolley track (43); the trolley (42) is connected to a sling (44) via a steel wire rope; by controlling the lifting movement of the steel wire rope, the cargo H can be raised or lowered; by controlling the trolley (42) to move along the trolley track (43), the cargo H can be moved laterally along the width direction of the top frame (2); and by controlling the trolley (41) to move relative to the top frame (2), the cargo H can be moved longitudinally along the length direction of the top frame (2); The platform plate (11) and the top frame (2) are both elongated; the extension direction of the platform rail (12), the long direction of the platform plate (11), and the long direction of the top frame (2) are all consistent; and the top frame (2) is longer than the platform frame (1).

2. The automated loading and unloading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic support mechanism (3) is a hydraulic telescopic rod.

3. The automated loading and unloading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the platform frame (1) is provided with moving wheels (13) and retractable legs (14), and one end of the platform frame (1) is provided with a traction frame (15).

4. The automated loading and unloading system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The storage platform (5) is a container, or a transport vehicle, or a site storage rack.

5. A control method for an automated loading and unloading system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, loading, including: S11, a storage platform (5) loaded with goods (H) is moved to dock with the platform frame (1), and the top frame (2) on the platform frame (1) is controlled to extend toward the storage platform (5). After the top frame (2) is extended to the storage platform (5), the retractable support mechanism (3) is controlled to support the two ends of the top frame (2). S12, controlling the crane (4) on the platform frame (1) to move to the top of the cargo (H), and after the cargo (H) is hoisted by the crane (4), the cargo (H) is transferred to the platform frame (1) by moving the crane (4), and this is repeated several times until all the cargo (H) has been transferred, and then the storage platform (5) is removed; S2, unloading, including: S21, moving another empty storage platform (5) to dock with the platform frame (1), controlling the top frame (2) on the platform frame (1) to extend toward the empty storage platform (5), and after extending to the right position, controlling the retractable support mechanism (3) to support both ends of the top frame (2), S22, after controlling the crane (4) to hoist the cargo (H) on the platform frame (1), the cargo (H) is transferred to the storage platform (5) by the crane (4), and the process is repeated multiple times until all the cargo (H) is transferred; In step S1, when loading, the storage platform (5) is docked with an opening on one side of the platform frame (1); in step S2, when unloading, the storage platform (5) is docked with an opening on the other side of the platform frame (1).

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