Effect of anionic surfactants on virucidal efficacy

Abstract

A virucidal composition comprising at least one acid and an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant is provided. In particular, virucidal efficacy against murine norovirus is provided at an improved efficacy rate over comparable anionic surfactants. Also provided is a method of using the virucidal composition.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 948,378, filed on December 16, 2019, pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §119, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The entire contents of the patent application are hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference, including but not limited to the specification, claims and abstract and any figures, tables or drawings thereof. Field of the Invention

[0003] The present invention relates to a virucidal composition comprising an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant and at least one acid. In particular, the virucidal composition provides a composition effective for disinfection of murine norovirus, having an acceptable use solution pH, not requiring the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), being surface compatible and not producing streaky, fuzzy or tacky residues on treated surfaces. The composition provides an effective alternative to quaternary ammonium compounds. Methods of using the virucidal composition are also provided. Background Art

[0004] Viral pathogens are an increasingly serious public health problem. Pathogenic viruses have caused major health problems because they can remain on the surface for a long period of time and require complete and reliable inactivation to prevent disease transmission. Viruses can be identified according to the hierarchy corresponding to the inactivated resistance level. Three subgroups of viruses include small non-enveloped viruses, large non-enveloped viruses and enveloped viruses. Virus-killing products that can inactivate small non-enveloped viruses can also inactivate any large non-enveloped viruses or any enveloped viruses. Similarly, virus-killing products that can inactivate large non-enveloped viruses can also inactivate any enveloped viruses. Therefore, it is desirable to identify and develop compositions that can inactivate small non-enveloped viruses so as to have the corresponding efficacy across the entire viral hierarchy. Norovirus is an exemplary small non-enveloped virus that needs to be used for the other virus-killing compositions of surface treatment.

[0005] Norovirus is an exemplary small non-enveloped virus that needs to be used for the other antimicrobial composition of surface treatment.Non-enveloped norovirus (NoV), also referred to as "Norwalk-like virus" (NLV) or small round structure virus, is the most important viral pathogen of epidemic acute gastroenteritis that occurs in both developed and developing countries.NoV belongs to Caliciviridae, and is an icosahedral, single-stranded, positive RNA virus, and its capsid is composed of 180 copies of a single major structural protein.It is estimated that Norovirus causes 23 million acute gastroenteritis every year in the United States, and is the main cause of gastroenteritis in the United States.Among viruses, only the common cold is more common than viral gastroenteritis (Norovirus).Norovirus causes nausea, vomiting (sometimes with diarrhea) and stomach cramps.This infection is usually spread between people by direct contact.

[0006] Norovirus is highly contagious and can spread easily from person to person. People can become infected with norovirus in several ways, including eating food or drinking liquids contaminated with norovirus; touching a surface or object contaminated with norovirus and then putting their hands in their mouth; or having direct contact with another person who is infected and has symptoms (for example, when caring for a sick person, or sharing food or eating utensils with a sick person). During outbreaks of norovirus gastroenteritis, several modes of transmission have been documented, such as initial foodborne transmission in restaurants, followed by secondary person-to-person transmission through household contacts.

[0007] Methods to propagate human norovirus in cell culture are not widely available and have limitations. Therefore, studies evaluating methods to inactivate noroviruses often use surrogate viruses, including feline calicivirus (FCV) from cats, murine norovirus (MNV) from mice, porcine enteric calicivirus (PEC) from pigs, and Tulane virus (TuV) from rhesus monkeys. FCV has been the classic surrogate for norovirus because it has been cultured for decades.

[0008] It is well known in the art that different norovirus substitutes have different resistances to different inactivation methods. FCV is considered to be the one most susceptible to various inactivation methods including low pH. MNV is considered acid-resistant. Acid-resistant substitutes best represent enteroviruses (such as human noroviruses) because they can survive in the acidic pH values ​​in the stomach and reach target cells in the small intestine to produce infectivity. In addition, compared to FCV, MNV is genetically closer to human norovirus than FCV. With this in mind, acid-resistant norovirus substitutes such as MNV that are more genetically related to human norovirus are more relevant substitutes for studying the environmental survival of human norovirus than FCV.

[0009] Quaternary ammonium compounds have become common antimicrobial agents and are widely used in food contact sanitizer and disinfectant applications in the food service industry, with disinfectant claim sets requiring a subsequent rinse step. However, recent regulatory scrutiny of quaternary ammonium compounds may change the use of these sanitizer and disinfectant compositions.

[0010] It is desirable to have a product with no-rinse capability, but the product poses a challenge because the regulatory requirements for all active and inert ingredients are to have a list of chemicals used as ingredients in antimicrobial pesticide formulations applied to food contact surfaces in public eating places, dairy processing equipment, and food processing equipment and utensils. There are various commercially available products on the market that provide no-rinse options for norovirus, including, for example, Purell Professional Food Service Sanitizer as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 8,143,309 and Pure Bioscience Pure Hard Surface as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,197,814 and No. 6,583,176, the entire contents of the above-mentioned U.S. Patents are incorporated herein by reference as a whole. Another commercial example is Sarafan Speed, which is a European Union product that is a no-rinse virus-killing product based on alcohol. However, these products present various challenges. For example, various products have flammability issues, produce hazy and / or tacky residues and / or poor surface appearance, have limited compatibility with soft metal surfaces (including aluminum), and are only available as ready-to-use (RTU) formulations rather than concentrates and / or solids, which limits the application of the product's uses. Thus, there are various limitations that make improved compositions desirable.

[0011] Therefore, it is an object of the composition and method to provide a product that can provide no-rinse disinfection. In such an embodiment, the rinsing step can be removed from the method. Similarly, in such an embodiment, the wiping step can be further removed from the method. Therefore, it is another object of the composition and method to provide a product that provides disinfection without using quaternary ammonium compounds.

[0012] Another object of the compositions and methods is to provide virucidal efficacy against murine Norovirus in addition to other viruses (enveloped and non-enveloped) to ensure adequate disinfection of human Norovirus.

[0013] Another object of the compositions and methods is to provide virucidal efficacy, including short contact times, preferably 60 minutes or less, more preferably 30 minutes or less, more preferably 10 minutes or less, still more preferably 5 minutes or less, and most preferably 1 minute or less. In some embodiments, the short contact time is achieved under clean conditions. In other embodiments, the short contact time is achieved under dirty or stained conditions.

[0014] Another object of the compositions and methods is to have a treatment option with a use solution pH that does not require the use of personal protective equipment (PPE).

[0015] It is yet another object of the compositions and methods to provide a synergistic combination of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant and at least one acid, wherein the acid can be a strong acid, a weak acid, or a combination thereof.

[0016] Yet another object is to provide both solid and liquid compositions.

[0017] Other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Summary of the invention

[0018] The advantages of the virucidal composition include the efficacy of a dilutable, non-flammable, disinfecting composition against microbial pathogens (including viruses such as murine norovirus), while providing a surface compatible formulation that works against various viral pathogens within a short contact time, including less than 60 minutes, less than 30 minutes, less than 10 minutes, less than 5 minutes, less than 1 minute, less than about 30 seconds, or even less than about 15 seconds. Since regulatory requirements within jurisdictions vary based on the contact time required for efficacy against viral pathogens, it is beneficial that the virucidal composition can have efficacy within a few seconds (e.g., less than about 15 seconds) and is compatible with the surface for longer contact of up to at least 60 minutes. Another advantage of the composition and method is the use of a solution pH that does not require the user to use PPE. As a further benefit, the composition is suitable for use as a hard surface antimicrobial composition, i.e., a virucidal composition as a substitute for quaternary ammonium compounds.

[0019] In an embodiment, the antimicrobial composition comprises at least one acid, wherein the acid is a strong acid, a weak acid, and / or a combination thereof; at least one alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant; and water for liquid compositions, wherein the composition is a liquid or solid concentrate having an acidic pH of about 1.5 to about 4 in the use composition.

[0020] In a further embodiment, the alpha olefin sulfonate is a C8-C22 alpha olefin sulfonate, or a C8-C16 alpha olefin sulfonate. In another embodiment, the acid comprises lactic acid and methanesulfonic acid. In yet another embodiment, the acid is a single weak acid or a combination of weak acids in combination with an alpha olefin sulfonate surfactant. In yet another embodiment, the acid is a single strong acid or a combination of strong acids in combination with an alpha olefin sulfonate surfactant. In another embodiment, the composition further comprises an alkoxylated nonionic surfactant with an EO / PO block copolymer.

[0021] In another embodiment, the method of using the virucidal composition comprises: contacting the virucidal composition with a surface in need of treatment and inactivating the viral population, wherein the antiviral inactivation is reduced by at least 3 logs to complete the inactivation in less than about 60 minutes, less than about 30 minutes, less than about 5 minutes, less than 1 minute, less than about 30 seconds or even less than about 15 seconds, and wherein the method optionally does not require a rinsing step. In some embodiments, the contacting is by wiping, dipping, immersing or spraying, and wherein the surface is a hard surface, a pre-cleaned hard surface and / or a contaminated surface contaminated with a viral population.

[0022] Although multiple embodiments are disclosed, other embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which shows and describes exemplary embodiments of the present invention.Accordingly, the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Shown are the bactericidal efficacy of various anionic chemistries analyzed herein compared to negative (no anion) controls and positive LAS controls.

[0024] Figure 2 Antiviral efficacy results for various anionic chemistries against adenovirus are shown, where ≥ 4 log kill at 15 minutes is required for antiviral efficacy.

[0025] Figure 3 Antiviral efficacy results for various anionic chemistries against MNV are shown, where ≥ 4 log kill at 15 minutes is required for antiviral efficacy.

[0026] Figure 4 Antiviral efficacy results for various anionic chemistries against MNV are shown at dilutions below 1% and shorter contact times to test for ≥ 4 log kill required for antiviral efficacy.

[0027] Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals represent the same parts in several views. The citation of various embodiments does not limit the scope of the present invention. The figures shown herein are not limitations of various embodiments according to the present invention, and are presented for exemplary illustration of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention relates to liquid and solid antimicrobial compositions that provide efficacy against microbial and viral pathogens while providing surface compatible formulations that do not leave fuzzy, streaky or sticky residues on treated surfaces and do not require PPE. In some embodiments, the composition provides rinse-free efficacy against viral pathogens including MNV. Embodiments are not limited to specific compositions and methods of use thereof, which may vary and be understood by the skilled artisan. It should also be understood that all terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be limited in any manner or scope. For example, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "a kind of" and "the" used in this specification and the appended claims may include plural references. In addition, all units, prefixes and symbols may be expressed in their SI accepted form.

[0029] Numerical ranges described in this specification include numbers within the defined ranges. Throughout this disclosure, various aspects of the invention are presented in range format. It should be understood that the description in range format is only for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as an inflexible limitation on the scope of the invention. Therefore, the description of a range should be considered to have all possible subranges specifically disclosed and each value within the range (e.g., 1 to 5 includes 1, 1.5, 2, 2.75, 3, 3.80, 4, and 5).

[0030] In order to more easily understand the present invention, some terms are first defined. Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those of ordinary skill in the art to which embodiments of the present invention belong. Many methods and materials similar to, modified or equivalent to the methods and materials described herein can be used in the practice of embodiments of the present invention without too much experimentation, and preferred materials and methods are described herein. When describing and claiming embodiments of the present invention, the following terms will be used according to the definitions given below.

[0031] As used herein, the term "about" refers to quantitative variations that may occur, for example, by typical measurement procedures and liquid handling procedures used to prepare concentrates or use solutions in the real world; by inadvertent errors in these procedures; by differences in the preparation, source, or purity of ingredients used to prepare compositions or practice methods, etc. The term "about" also encompasses amounts that differ due to different equilibrium conditions for compositions formed from a particular initial mixture. Whether or not modified by the term "about," the claims include equivalents to these quantities.

[0032] The terms "active" or "active percentage" or "active percentage by weight" or "active concentration" are used interchangeably herein and refer to the concentration of those ingredients involved in cleaning, expressed as a percentage after subtracting inert ingredients such as water or salt.

[0033] As used herein, the term "alkyl" or "alkyl group" refers to a saturated hydrocarbon having one or more carbon atoms, including straight-chain alkyl groups (e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, etc.), cycloalkyl groups (or "cycloalkyl" or "alicyclic" or "carbocyclic") (e.g., cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, etc.), branched alkyl groups (e.g., isopropyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, etc.) and alkyl groups substituted with alkyl groups (e.g., alkyl-substituted cycloalkyl groups and cycloalkyl-substituted alkyl groups).

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the term "alkyl" includes both "unsubstituted alkyl" and "substituted alkyl." As used herein, the term "substituted alkyl" refers to an alkyl group having substituents replacing one or more hydrogens on one or more carbons of the hydrocarbon backbone. Such substituents may include, for example, alkenyl, alkynyl, halo, hydroxy, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, aryloxy, aryloxycarbonyloxy, carboxylate, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, alkylthiocarbonyl, alkoxy, phosphate, phosphonate, phosphinate, cyano, amino (including alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino and alkylarylamino), amide (including alkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, carbamoyl and ureido), imino, sulfhydryl, alkylthio, arylthio, thiocarboxylate, sulfate, alkylsulfinyl, sulfonate, sulfamoyl, sulfonamide, nitro, trifluoromethyl, cyano, azido, heterocyclic, alkylaryl or aromatic (including heteroaromatic) groups.

[0035] In some embodiments, substituted alkyl may include heterocyclic groups. As used herein, the term "heterocyclic group" includes a closed ring structure similar to a carbocyclic group in which one or more of the carbon atoms on the ring are non-carbon elements such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. The heterocyclic group may be saturated or unsaturated. Exemplary heterocyclic groups include but are not limited to aziridine, oxirane (epoxide, oxirane), thioethane (epoxysulfide), dioxirane, azetidine, oxetane, thiamine, dioxetane, dithiamine, dithiobutene, azetidine, pyrrolidine, pyrroline, oxolane, dihydrofuran and furan.

[0036] The distinction between the "cidal" or "static" activity of an antimicrobial agent, the definition describing the degree of efficacy, and the official laboratory procedures used to measure this efficacy are considerations for understanding the relevance of antimicrobial agents and compositions. Antimicrobial compositions can affect two types of microbial cell damage. The first is a fatal, irreversible effect that causes complete destruction or incapacity of the microbial cell. The second type of cell damage is reversible, so that if the organism does not contain an agent, it can be expanded again. The former is called microbicidal, and the latter is called microstatic. According to the definition, disinfectants and bactericides are agents that provide antimicrobial or microbicidal activity. In contrast, preservatives are generally described as inhibitors or antimicrobial compositions. As mentioned herein, antimicrobial compositions are further applicable to killing activity against pathogens, including, for example, norovirus and murine norovirus, including the use of EN14476 at 18°C-25°C (under clean or dirty conditions).

[0037] As used herein, the term "cleaning" refers to methods used to promote or assist in soil removal, bleaching, microbial population reduction, rinsing, and any combination thereof.

[0038] As used herein, the term "microorganism" refers to any non-cellular or unicellular (including bacterial colonies) organism. Microorganisms include all prokaryotes. Microorganisms include bacteria (including cyanobacteria), spores, lichens, fungi, protozoa, prions, viroids, viruses, bacteriophages, and some algae. As used herein, the term "microorganism (microbe)" is synonymous with microorganism.

[0039] The term "commercially acceptable cleaning performance" generally refers to the cleanliness, effort, or both that a typical consumer expects to achieve or realize when using a cleaning product or cleaning system to address typical contamination conditions on a typical substrate. Depending on the specific cleaning product and the specific substrate, this cleanliness can be equivalent to the general absence of visible dirt or a lower cleanliness. Cleanliness can be assessed in a variety of ways depending on the specific product used and the specific surface being cleaned, and can generally be determined using generally recognized industry standard tests or local variations of such tests. In some embodiments, the method of providing virucidal efficacy provides commercially acceptable cleaning performance while ensuring that the formulation does not leave a fuzzy, streaky, or sticky residue on the treated surface.

[0040] As used herein, the term "disinfectant" refers to an agent that kills all vegetative cells, including most of the identified pathogenic microorganisms. In an embodiment, the disinfectant according to the U.S. standard can use the AOAC dilution method (AOAC Use Dilution Methods), the official analytical method of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, paragraph 955.14 and applicable chapters, 1990 (EPA Guide 91-2), the procedures described in the 15th edition. As used herein, the term "high-level disinfection" or "high-level disinfectant" refers to a compound or composition that kills all organisms except high-level bacterial spores, and is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as a sterilant for sale with a chemical sterilant. As used herein, the term "intermediate level disinfection" or "intermediate level disinfectant" refers to a compound or composition that kills mycobacteria, most viruses and bacteria with a chemical sterilant registered as a tuberculocidal agent by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). As used herein, the term "low-level disinfection" or "low-level disinfectant" refers to a compound or composition registered by the EPA as a hospital disinfectant that kills some viruses and bacteria with a chemical germicide.

[0041] In an embodiment, the disinfectant according to EU standards is as described in Directive 98 / 8 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of February 16, 1998 and the Biocide Products Regulation, Volume II, Efficacy - Guidance for Determination and Evaluation (Part B+C), Version 3.0, April 2018 - ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0042] Disinfectants may include any of four groups of biocidal products, with five defined product types, products used to reduce the number of microorganisms in or on inanimate substrates - achieved through the irreversible action of the product. In embodiments, disinfectant products may be validated using a variety of recognized test methods (CEN, OECD, ISO, etc.); see Guidance Document Appendices 2 and 4. According to various embodiments of the methods and compositions described herein, the EN1276 method is used to demonstrate bactericidal performance with a 5log reduction requirement, and the EN14476 method is used to demonstrate virucidal performance with a 4log reduction requirement.

[0043] As used herein, the phrase "food processing surface" refers to the surface of tools, machines, equipment, structures, buildings, etc. used as part of food processing, preparation or storage activities. Examples of food processing surfaces include food processing or preparation equipment (e.g., slicing, canning or conveying equipment, including water channels) of food processing utensils (e.g., utensils, tableware, washing utensils and bar cups), and the surfaces of floors, walls or fixtures of buildings where food processing is performed. Food processing surfaces are found and used in food preservation air circulation systems, aseptic packaging disinfection, food refrigeration and cooler cleaners and disinfectants, warewashing disinfection, blancher cleaning and disinfection, food packaging materials, cutting board additives, third sink disinfection, beverage coolers and warmers, meat cooling or scalding water, automatic dish disinfectants, disinfecting gels, cooling towers, food processing antimicrobial clothing sprays, and non-aqueous to low-aqueous food preparation lubricants, oils and rinse additives.

[0044] The term "hard surface" refers to solid, substantially non-flexible surfaces such as countertops, tiles, floors, walls, panels, windows, plumbing fixtures, kitchen and bathroom furniture, appliances, engines, circuit boards, and dinner plates. Hard surfaces can include, for example, healthcare surfaces and food processing surfaces.

[0045] As used herein, the phrase "healthcare surface" refers to the surface of an instrument, device, cart, cage, furniture, building, building, etc., used as part of a health care activity. Examples of health care surfaces include surfaces of medical or dental instruments, medical or dental devices, electronic devices for monitoring patient health, and floors, walls, or fixtures of buildings where health care occurs. Health care surfaces are found in hospitals, surgeries, illnesses, delivery rooms, morgues, and clinical diagnostic rooms. These surfaces can be "hard surfaces" (such as walls, floors, bed boards, etc.); or fabric surfaces, such as woven, woven, and nonwoven surfaces (such as surgical gowns, drapes, bedding, bandages, etc.); or patient care equipment (such as respirators, diagnostic equipment, shunts, human specula, wheelchairs, beds, etc.); or typical in surgical and diagnostic equipment. Health care surfaces include articles and surfaces used for animal health care.

[0046] The term "improved cleaning performance" generally refers to the alternative cleaning product or alternative cleaning system achieving a generally higher degree of cleanliness or a generally reduced effort, or both, when the alternative cleaning product or alternative cleaning system is used instead of a conventional cleaning product to address typical soiling conditions on typical substrates. Depending on the particular cleaning product and the particular substrate, this degree of cleanliness may equate to a generally absent visible soiling and a treated surface free of fuzzy, streaky or tacky residues.

[0047] When used in reference to a list of materials, the terms "including" and "comprising" refer to the materials so listed but are not limited thereto.

[0048] As used herein, the term "instrument" refers to various medical or dental instruments or devices that may benefit from a cleaning / virucidal treatment as described herein.

[0049] As used herein, the term "virucidal agent" refers to an agent that reduces the number of viruses on a surface or substrate. In an embodiment, the virucidal composition will provide at least a 3log reduction, or preferably a 5log reduction, or more preferably a complete inactivation of the virus. These reductions can be evaluated using the procedures described in ASTM E1053 "Standard Test Method for Efficacy of Virucidal Agents Intended for Inanimate Environmental Surfaces"; American standards are described in EPA 810.2200; European standards are described in EN 14476, which are incorporated herein by reference as a whole. The logarithmic reductions outlined can be achieved in different time periods (which can vary according to the contact time requirements specified in different jurisdictions), including, for example, less than about 60 minutes, less than about 30 minutes, less than about 5 minutes, less than 1 minute, less than about 30 seconds, or even less than about 15 seconds. According to this reference, a virucidal composition should provide a 99.9% reduction in virucidal activity (3 log reduction).

[0050] As used herein, the term "virus" refers to a microorganism that can include both pathogenic and non-pathogenic viruses. In terms of virus structure, pathogenic viruses can be classified into two general types: enveloped viruses and non-enveloped viruses. Some well-known enveloped viruses include herpes virus, influenza virus; paramyxovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, coronavirus, HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and SARS-CoV virus. Non-enveloped viruses (sometimes referred to as "naked" viruses) include picornaviridae, reoviridae, caliciviridae, adenoviridae and parvoviridae. Members of these families include rhinovirus, poliovirus, adenovirus, hepatitis A virus, norovirus, papillomavirus and rotavirus. It is known in the art that "enveloped" viruses are relatively sensitive and can therefore be inactivated by commonly used bactericides. In contrast, non-enveloped viruses are much more resistant to conventional bactericides and are significantly more environmentally stable than enveloped viruses.

[0051] The term “norovirus” refers to human norovirus (referred to as norovirus), which belongs to the Caliciviridae family and is a major cause of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis. To date, there are several commonly used surrogates for norovirus, and human norovirus cannot be grown in cell culture. The infectious dose of norovirus is low (10 to 100 virus particles), and environmental contamination can prolong outbreaks. Surfaces, dishes or containers, utensils, and food handled by ill people who do not practice proper personal hygiene before preparing food may also cause illness. Feline calicivirus (FCV), from the genus Vesivirus, can be propagated in cell culture and has been extensively studied as a surrogate for human norovirus in environmental survival and inactivation studies. However, FCV is transmitted by the respiratory route and is inactivated at relatively low pH, and therefore, environmental stability or inactivation of human norovirus may not be predictable. Murine norovirus 1 (MNV-1) has been propagated in cell culture and causes a lethal infection in mice that manifests as hepatitis, pneumonia, or neurologic inflammation, thus presenting very differently from the clinical presentation of human norovirus; however, MNV-1 is shed in mouse feces and is typically transmitted by the fecal-oral route. The genetic relatedness of MNV-1 to norovirus combined with its ability to survive at gastric pH levels (minimal loss of infectivity at pH 2) makes this virus a relevant surrogate for studying environmental survival of norovirus. MNV-1 is able to survive at low pH and is more acid tolerant than FCV.

[0052] As used herein, the term "disinfectant" refers to an agent that reduces the number of bacterial contaminants to a safe level as judged by public health requirements. In embodiments, the disinfectant used in the present invention will provide at least a 3 log reduction, and more preferably a 5 log reduction. These reductions can be evaluated using the procedures set forth in "Germicidal and Detergent Sanitizing Action of Disinfectants", Official Analytical Methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, paragraph 960.09 and applicable chapters, 15th Edition, 1990 (EPA Guide 91-2). According to this reference, a disinfectant should provide a 99.999% reduction (5 log reduction) in 30 seconds for several test organisms at room temperature 25±2°C.

[0053] As used herein, the term "fouling" refers to polar or non-polar organic or inorganic substances, including but not limited to carbohydrates, proteins, fats, oils, etc. These substances may exist in their organic state or complex with metals to form inorganic complexes.

[0054] As used herein, the term "substantially free" means that the composition is completely lacking a component or has a component in an amount so small that the component does not affect the performance of the composition. The component may be present as an impurity or as a contaminant and should be less than 0.5 wt-%. In another embodiment, the amount of the component is less than 0.1 wt-%, and in yet another embodiment, the amount of the component is less than 0.01 wt-%.

[0055] The term "threshold agent" refers to a compound that inhibits the crystallization of water hardness ions from solution but does not need to form a specific complex with the water hardness ions. Threshold agents include but are not limited to polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, olefin / maleic acid copolymers, and the like.

[0056] As used herein, the term "water" includes various sources of water. The water temperature may range from about 40°F to 160°F, about 60°F to 140°F, or about 70°F to 140°F.

[0057] The term "water-soluble" refers to a compound that can be dissolved in water at a concentration greater than 1 wt%. The term "slightly soluble" or "slightly water-soluble" refers to a compound that can only be dissolved in water at a concentration of 0.1 wt% to 1.0 wt%. The term "water-insoluble" refers to a compound that can only be dissolved in water at a concentration of less than 0.1 wt%.

[0058] As used herein, the terms "weight percent," "wt-%," "percent by weight," "% by weight," and variations thereof refer to the concentration of the substance by dividing the weight of the substance by the total weight of the composition and multiplying by 100. It is to be understood that "percent," "%," and the like as used herein are intended to be synonymous with "weight percent," "wt-%," and the like.

[0059] The methods and compositions of the present invention may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of the components and ingredients of the present invention and other ingredients described herein. As used herein, "consisting essentially of" means that the methods and compositions may include additional steps, components, or ingredients, but only if the additional steps, components, or ingredients do not materially alter the basic and novel features of the claimed methods and compositions.

[0060] It should also be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "configuration" describes a system, device, or other structure that is constructed or configured to perform a particular task or adopt a particular configuration. The term "configuration" may be used interchangeably with other similar phrases, such as arrange and configure, construct and arrange, adapt and configure, adapt, construct, manufacture, and arrange, etc.

[0061] Virus-killing composition

[0062] Exemplary ranges for virucidal compositions are shown in Tables 1A-1C, showing liquid concentrate formulations on a weight percent basis, and Table 2 showing solid formulations on a weight percent basis.

[0063] Table 1A (Liquid Concentrate Formulations)

[0064]

[0065] Table 1B (Liquid Concentrate Formulations)

[0066]

[0067] Table 1C (liquid concentrate formulations)

[0068]

[0069] Table 2 (Solid preparation)

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] The virucidal composition may include a concentrated composition that can be diluted to form a use composition or a ready-to-use (RTU) composition. The solid virucidal composition provides a use solution, which is a dilutable liquid concentrate that can be further diluted to form a use composition or an RTU composition. Beneficially, the composition overcomes the limitations of the prior art because a dilutable concentrate can be provided. Generally speaking, a concentrate refers to a composition intended to be diluted with water to provide a use solution for contacting an object to provide desired cleaning, antimicrobial efficacy, etc. The antimicrobial composition and virucidal composition that contact an article may be referred to as a concentrate or a use composition (or a use solution), depending on the formulation used in the method described herein. It should be understood that the concentration of the acid, one or more anionic surfactants, and any additional functional ingredients such as nonionic surfactants in the composition will vary depending on whether the composition is provided as a concentrate or as a use solution. Those skilled in the art can adjust the weight percentage of the composition to obtain a composition with different dilution ratios, which is within the scope of the disclosed composition. Beneficially, within the scope of the active substance, the composition can be formulated to include a liquid or solid composition that is almost or completely anhydrous.

[0073] A use solution can be prepared from the concentrate by diluting a solid or liquid concentrate with water at a dilution ratio that provides a use solution having the desired virucidal properties. The water used to dilute the concentrate to form the use composition can be referred to as dilution water or diluent, and can vary between different locations. Typical dilution factors are between about 1 and about 10,000. In embodiments, the solid or liquid concentrate is diluted at a ratio of solid or liquid concentrate: water between about 1:10 and about 1:10,000, a ratio of solid or liquid concentrate: water between about 1:10 and about 1:1,000, or a ratio of solid or liquid concentrate: water between about 1:10 and about 1:510.

[0074] In another embodiment, the concentrate can be diluted at a ratio of about 1 / 8 oz. / gal. to about 12 oz. / gal., about 1 / 4 oz. / gal. to about 1 oz. / gal., or about 1 / 2 oz. / gal. to about 1 oz. / gal. while providing disinfecting efficacy.

[0075] In another embodiment, the concentrate can be diluted at a ratio of about 1 / 8 oz. / gal. to about 12 oz. / gal., about 1 / 2 oz. / gal. to about 6 oz. / gal., or about 1 oz. / gal. to about 4 oz. / gal. while providing disinfecting efficacy.

[0076] In another embodiment, the concentrate can be diluted at a ratio of about 1 / 8 oz. / gal. to about 12 oz. / gal., about 1 / 2 oz. / gal. to about 6 oz. / gal., or about 1 oz. / gal. to about 4 oz. / gal. while providing disinfecting efficacy.

[0077] In embodiments, the diluted use solution is made from about 0.5% to about 3% by weight dilution of the liquid concentrate composition.

[0078] In embodiments, the concentrated liquid composition has from about 20% to about 60% anionic surfactant, preferably from about 20% to about 40% anionic surfactant. In embodiments, the liquid use composition provides up to about 6000 ppm anionic surfactant, or from about 10 ppm to about 6000 ppm anionic surfactant.

[0079] In embodiments, the dilutable concentrate composition provides a use solution having a pH of about 1.5 to about 4, about 2 to about 4, about 2.0 to about 3.5, or about 2.0 to about 2.8, including ranges therebetween.

[0080] Liquid compositions can be provided in various forms well known to those skilled in the art. The composition can also be manufactured to include saturated antimicrobial wipes, such as paper or cloth substrates with saturated liquid compositions thereon. In some embodiments, the liquid composition is provided as a liquid concentrate. In other embodiments, the liquid composition is provided as a ready-to-use liquid such as a ready-to-use spray. This ready-to-use application provides an anionic surfactant of about 10ppm to about 6000ppm. Such an embodiment may further include additional functional ingredients, including, for example, solvents, defoamers, etc. Adding such components provides the required viscoelasticity of the composition to allow spraying, pumping, or required distribution. In some embodiments, it may be necessary to distribute a ready-to-use application with foam suitable for application to vertical surfaces. Such foaming applications may include ready-to-use formulations (e.g., foaming triggers for distribution) or dilutable concentrates.

[0081] Solid compositions can be provided in various forms well known to those skilled in the art. The composition can be manufactured to include solid blocks, including pressing, extrusion, casting, tableting, etc. Solid can also include particles and powders, including flowable powders. In some embodiments, solid can also include applicable packaging (e.g., film, such as PVA film). Beneficially, solid compositions comprising a combination of acid and anionic surfactants provide effective and stable solid substitutes for extruded solids using quaternary ammonium compounds. In addition to solid blocks, solids of various forms and sizes can also be included, including, for example, discs, tablets, powders, particles, etc. Various techniques for forming solids can be adopted, including, for example, using fluidized bed and / or agglomeration to form solids from liquids.

[0082] Solid compositions can be in shape and size. In an exemplary embodiment, the weight of the solid can be between about 50 grams and about 250 grams, about 100 grams or more, and about 1 kilogram to about 10 kilograms. In some embodiments, the solid composition can include a unit dose, such as a tablet or a disc. A unit dose refers to a solid composition unit that is set to a size so that the entire unit is used during a single use application. When the solid composition is provided in a unit dose, it is generally provided as a cast solid, extruded particles or tablets, and its size is between about 1 gram and about 50 grams. In other embodiments, the solid composition is provided in the form of multi-purpose solids such as blocks or multiple particles, and can be repeatedly used to generate aqueous compositions for multiple applications or cleaning cycles. In some embodiments, the solid composition is provided in the form of a pressed solid, a cast solid, an extruded block or a tablet, and its mass is between about 5 grams and about 10 kilograms. In some embodiments, the mass of the solid composition in a multi-purpose form is between about 1 kilogram and about 10 kilograms.

[0083] The hardness range of solid casting composition and / or pressed solid composition can be from the hardness of relatively dense and hard molten solid product (for example, like concrete) to the consistency characterized as hardened paste.In addition, the term "solid" refers to the state of composition under the conditions of expected storage and use of solid cleaning composition.Usually, when exposed to a temperature of up to about 100 ° F, up to about 120 ° F or up to about 125 ° F, it is expected that the composition will remain in solid form while maintaining physical and dimensional stability.If at a temperature of up to about 100 ° F (40 ° C), up to about 120 ° F (50 ° C) or up to about 140 ° F (60 ° C) in an extended time period such as at least 30 minutes, or at least one hour, up to two weeks, up to four weeks, up to six weeks or up to eight weeks, and humidity is between about 40-65%, the dimensional stability of the solid composition is confirmed by a growth index less than about 3%.

[0084] acid

[0085] The composition includes at least one acid, which may include a strong acid or a weak acid. In some embodiments, the composition includes two acids. In terms of acid combinations, the acid may be a combination of a weak acid and a strong acid. In another aspect of the acid combination, the acid may be a combination of two weak acids or two strong acids. For purposes of the present invention, an acid is a component that can be added to an aqueous system and causes a pH lower than 7. The strong acid that can be used is an acid that substantially dissociates an aqueous solution. "Weak" organic and inorganic acids are one or more acid components, wherein when the acid is dissolved in water at ambient temperature at a concentration within the range that can be used to form the composition of the present invention, the first dissociation step of the proton from the acid portion is substantially not carried out to completion.

[0086] Without wishing to be bound by theory, the acid of the composition serves to protonate the lipid envelope and / or capsid of the virus and reduce the tendency of the membrane to electronically repel anionic surfactants included in the virucidal composition. In addition, the acids disclosed herein help to create a low pH buffer on the surface of the substrate, thereby prolonging the residual antimicrobial and virucidal activity of the compositions and products into which they are incorporated.

[0087] Exemplary strong acids suitable for use in the composition include methanesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid, sodium bisulfate, phosphoric acid, phosphonic acid, nitric acid, sulfamic acid, hydrochloric acid, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, glutamic acid, etc.; alkanesulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, linear alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, xylenesulfonic acid, cumenesulfonic acid, etc. In a preferred aspect, the composition includes a strong acid having a pKa of less than about 2.5 to advantageously provide an acidic use composition having a pH of less than about 4 or preferably less than about 3. In an embodiment, the composition includes a strong acid in combination with an anionic surfactant, and optionally includes a weak acid.

[0088] Exemplary weak acids suitable for use in the composition include α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, such as lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, gluconic acid, etc.; carboxylic acids, such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, etc.; other common organic acids, such as ascorbic acid, glutamic acid, levulinic acid, etc., can also be used. In a preferred aspect, the composition includes a weak acid with a pKa greater than about 2.5 to advantageously provide an acidic use composition with a pH less than about 4 or preferably less than about 3. In an embodiment, the composition includes a combination of a weak acid and an anionic surfactant, and optionally includes a strong acid.

[0089] In some embodiments, the combination of strong acid and weak acid produces unexpectedly increased antimicrobial and virucidal efficiency. In a preferred embodiment, the acid comprises lactic acid and methanesulfonic acid. Without being limited by a specific mechanism of action, it may be desirable to have an acidic composition with buffering. For example, if the surface to be treated is not fully cleaned, the composition has a buffered composition by means of a combination of weak acid and strong acid, which will be usefully able to support the inactivation of pH-sensitive organisms.

[0090] On the one hand, the composition includes at least one acid of about 10wt-% to about 80wt-%, at least one acid of about 20wt-% to about 80wt-%, at least one acid of about 30wt-% to about 70wt-%, or at least one acid of about 40wt-% to about 70wt-%. In such an embodiment, the acid can be a strong acid and / or a weak acid. In addition, all ranges recorded include the numbers that limit the range and are included in each integer within the limited range without limitation according to the present invention.

[0091] In certain aspects, the composition includes about 0.1 wt-% to about 30 wt-% strong acid, about 1 wt-% to about 30 wt-% strong acid, about 1 wt-% to about 25 wt-% strong acid, about 5 wt-% to about 25 wt-% strong acid, or about 5 wt-% to about 20 wt-% strong acid.

[0092] In certain aspects, the composition includes about 1 wt-% to about 50 wt-% weak acid, about 10 wt-% to about 50 wt-% weak acid, about 15 wt-% to about 50 wt-% weak acid, about 20 wt-% to about 50 wt-% weak acid, or about 20 wt-% to about 45 wt-% weak acid.

[0093] In some aspects, the composition includes about 0.1wt-% to about 30wt-% of a strong acid, about 1wt-% to about 30wt-% of a strong acid, about 1wt-% to about 25wt-% of a strong acid, about 5wt-% to about 25wt-% of a strong acid, or about 5wt-% to about 20wt-% of a strong acid, in combination with a weak acid, wherein the composition includes about 1wt-% to about 50wt-% of a weak acid, about 10wt-% to about 50wt-% of a weak acid, about 15wt-% to about 50wt-% of a weak acid, about 20wt-% to about 50wt-% of a weak acid, or about 20wt-% to about 45wt-% of a weak acid. In addition, all ranges described include the numbers defining the range and include each integer within the defined range without limitation according to the present invention.

[0094] Anionic sulfonate surfactant

[0095] The composition includes at least one anionic surfactant. In some embodiments, the composition includes a combination of two anionic sulfonate surfactants. Anionic surfactants are surfactants classified according to the negative charge on the hydrophobe; or surfactants (e.g., carboxylic acids) in which the hydrophobic portion of the molecule does not carry a charge unless the pH is raised to neutral or higher. Carboxylates, sulfonates, sulfates, and phosphates are polar (hydrophilic) solubilizing groups found in anionic surfactants. Of the cations (counterions) associated with these polar groups, sodium, lithium, and potassium confer water solubility; ammonium and substituted ammonium ions provide solubility in both water and oil; and calcium, barium, and magnesium promote oil solubility.

[0096] In another embodiment, the anionic sulfonate surfactant is an alkyl sulfonate, including linear and branched primary and secondary alkyl sulfonates, and aromatic sulfonates with or without substituents. In an embodiment, the anionic sulfonate surfactant is an alpha olefin sulfonate or a salt thereof. The alpha olefin sulfonate can be obtained as an aqueous solution, a powder or a solid anhydrous product. Preferred anionic sulfonates include C8-C22 alpha olefin sulfonates, or C8-C16 alpha olefin sulfonates.

[0097] In another embodiment, the anionic sulfonate surfactant is a combination of an alpha olefin sulfonate or its salt and an alkane sulfonate, preferably sodium alkane sulfonate.

[0098] Beneficially, alpha olefin sulfonate surfactants are stable in hard water. They are clear, stable solutions that are particularly attractive to customers. In contrast, other anionic surfactants such as LAS are not stable in hard water, forming unstable, turbid solutions and / or precipitating out of solution.

[0099] In some embodiments, anionic sulfonate surfactants are used in combination with additional anionic surfactants, preferably in powdered form, in solid compositions.

[0100] In one aspect, the composition includes from about 0.1 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, from about 1 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, from about 10 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, from about 15 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, from about 20 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, from about 20 wt-% to about 45 wt-% of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, or from about 25 wt-% to about 40 wt-% of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant. In some preferred aspects, the solid composition includes about 1 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, about 10 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, about 15 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, about 20 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, about 20 wt-% to about 45 wt-% of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, or about 25 wt-% to about 40 wt-% of an alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant. In addition, according to the present invention, all ranges recited include the numbers defining the range and include each integer within the defined range.

[0101] Other anionic surfactants

[0102] In some embodiments, the composition includes two or more anionic surfactants.In some embodiments, the composition includes an anionic alpha olefin sulfonate and an additional anionic surfactant, such as a sulfonated carboxylate, sulfate, carboxylate, or ethoxy carboxylate.

[0103] Exemplary additional anionic sulfonates include sulfonated carboxylates. In one aspect, suitable alkyl sulfonate surfactants include C8-C22 alkyl sulfonates, or preferably C8-C16 alkyl sulfonates or C10-C22 alkyl sulfonates. In exemplary aspects, the anionic alkyl sulfonate surfactant is linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid (LAS). The addition of additional anionic alkyl sulfonates may vary depending on regulatory suitability for virucidal, disinfectant and / or sterilizing applications.

[0104] Anionic sulfate surfactants suitable for use in the composition also include alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfates, linear and branched primary and secondary alkyl sulfates, alkyl ethoxy sulfates, fatty oleyl glycerol sulfates, alkyl phenol ethylene oxide ether sulfates, C5-C 17Acyl-N-(C1-C4 alkyl) and -N-(C1-C2 hydroxyalkyl) reduced glucosamine sulfates, and sulfates of alkyl polysaccharides, such as sulfates of alkyl polyglucosides, etc. Also included are alkyl sulfates, alkyl poly(ethyleneoxy) ether sulfates, and aromatic poly(ethyleneoxy) sulfates, such as sulfates or condensation products of ethylene oxide and nonylphenol (usually having 1 to 6 ethylene oxide groups per molecule).

[0105] Other anionic surfactants suitable for the composition include anionic carboxylate surfactants with carboxylic acid or alpha hydroxy acid groups. Anionic carboxylate surfactants suitable for the composition also include carboxylic acids (and salts), such as alkanoic acid (and alkanoic acid esters), carboxylates (including sulfonated carboxylates), ether carboxylic acids, sulfonated fatty acids, such as sulfonated oleic acid, etc. On the one hand, suitable carboxylates include alkyl succinates, such as sodium octyl succinate sulfonate. This carboxylate includes alkyl ethoxy carboxylates, alkyl aryl ethoxy carboxylates, alkyl polyethoxy polycarboxylate surfactants and soaps (for example, alkyl carboxyl). The secondary carboxylates used for the composition include carboxylates containing carboxyl units connected to secondary carbon. Secondary carbon can be located in a ring structure, such as in p-octyl benzoic acid, or as in alkyl-substituted cyclohexyl carboxylates. Secondary carboxylate surfactants are usually free of ether bonds, ester bonds and hydroxyl groups. Further, they usually lack nitrogen atoms in the head group (amphiphilic part). Suitable second surfactants typically contain a total of 11 to 13 carbon atoms, but multiple carbon atoms may be present (e.g., up to 16). Suitable carboxylates also include acylamino acids (and salts) such as acyl glutamates, acyl peptides, sarcosinates (e.g., N-acyl sarcosinates), taurates (e.g., N-acyl taurates and methyl tauryl fatty acid amides), and the like.

[0106] Suitable anionic surfactants include alkyl or alkylaryl ethoxy carboxylates of the formula:

[0107] RO-(CH2CH2O) n (CH2) m -CO2X(3)

[0108] Where R is C8 to C 22 Alkyl or Where R 1 It is C4-C 16 alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 20; m is an integer from 1 to 3; and X is a counterion such as hydrogen, sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, or an amine salt such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, or triethanolamine. In some embodiments, n is an integer from 4 to 10 and m is 1. In some embodiments, R is C8-C 16 In some embodiments, R is C 12-C 14 An alkyl group, n is 4, and m is 1.

[0109] In other embodiments, R is And R 1 It is C6-C 12 In some other embodiments, R 1 is a C9 alkyl group, n is 10 and m is 1.

[0110] Another class of anionic surfactants includes alpha sulfonated carboxylates such as MC or PC-48 from Stepan.

[0111] In one aspect, the composition includes about 0 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of additional anionic surfactant, about 0 wt-% to about 30 wt-% of additional anionic surfactant, about 0.1 wt-% to about 30 wt-% of additional anionic surfactant, or about 1 wt-% to about 30 wt-% of additional anionic surfactant. In addition, according to the present invention, all ranges recited include the numbers defining the range and include each integer within the defined range.

[0112] Additional functional ingredients

[0113] The components of the virucidal composition can be further combined with various additional functional components. In some embodiments, the virucidal composition including at least one acid and at least one anionic surfactant constitutes a majority, or even substantially all, of the total weight of the composition. For example, in some embodiments, little or no additional functional ingredients are included.

[0114] In other embodiments, other functional ingredients may be included in the composition. Functional ingredients provide desired characteristics and functions to the composition. For the purpose of the present application, the term "functional ingredient" includes materials that provide favorable characteristics in specific applications when being dispersed in or dissolved in a use solution and / or a concentrated solution (such as an aqueous solution). Some specific examples of functional materials are discussed in more detail hereinafter, but the specific materials discussed are only provided by way of example, and various other functional ingredients can be used.

[0115] In some preferred embodiments, the composition does not include quaternary ammonium compounds. In other embodiments, the composition does not include conventional norovirus active substances, including, for example, ethanol, silver citrate and / or electrolytic chlorine. In another embodiment, the composition does not include alcohol and / or other organic solvents to beneficially provide a non-flammable product. In other embodiments, the composition may include a curing agent, a defoamer, a wetting agent, an anti-redeposition agent, a solubility modifier, a dispersant, a rinse aid, a metal protector, a stabilizer, a corrosion inhibitor, a chelating agent and / or a complexing agent, a threshold agent, a fragrance and / or a dye, a rheology modifier or a thickener, a hydrotrope or a color former, a buffer, a solvent, a sensor indicator, etc.

[0116] Hydrogen Peroxide

[0117] In some embodiments, the composition includes a hydrogen peroxide source (including hydrogen peroxide and / or a precursor). Solutions with about up to 0.05 to 1.0 wt. / wt.% hydrogen peroxide are known to be effective as household and commercial disinfectants, bactericides, virucides, disinfectants, and cleaning agents. Solutions with about 3-4 wt. / wt.% are suitable for use as multi-purpose cleaners and bleach substitutes in healthcare facilities, homes, and commercial facilities. Solutions with about 6-8 wt. / wt.% hydrogen peroxide are suitable for use as sporicides, fungicides, virucides, bactericides, broad-spectrum disinfectants, general-purpose cleaners, and bleach substitutes. The combination of hydrogen peroxide with the compositions described herein provides a further benefit of enhancing antiviral efficacy.

[0118] The aqueous solution of a hydrogen peroxide source including an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide and / or a precursor can be prepared into a concentrated aqueous solution. In some embodiments, the concentrated aqueous solution is diluted when diluting the concentrated composition, for example, up to 20wt. / wt.% hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide can alternatively be prepared in a diluted form, for example, 0.05 to 1.0wt. / wt.%. In other embodiments, a precursor of hydrogen peroxide can be used, including, for example, perhydrate salts, including alkali metal salts such as sodium perborate (usually monohydrate or tetrahydrate), sodium percarbonate, sodium persulfate, sodium perphosphate, persilicate and mixtures thereof. Examples of preferred precursors include sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate and mixtures thereof. Not limited to a specific mechanism of action, hydrogen peroxide provides further benefits to the compositions described herein to increase antibacterial and antiviral efficacy.

[0119] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 0 wt-% to about 50 wt-%, about 0.1 wt-% to about 50 wt-%, about 1 wt-% to about 40 wt-%, about 5 wt-% to about 40 wt-%.

[0120] Curing agent

[0121] A curing agent (also referred to as a hardener) may also be included in the solid composition. The curing agent may include an organic or inorganic compound or compound system that significantly contributes to the uniform curing of the solid composition. The curing agent should be able to form a homogeneous matrix with the active components of the solid composition upon mixing and curing to provide uniform dissolution of the active substance from the solid composition during use.

[0122] Exemplary curing agents include urea. Urea can be in the form of pellet beads or powder. Pellet urea is generally obtained from commercial sources as a mixture of about 8 to 15 U.S. meshes in a particle size range, for example, from the Nitrogen Chemicals Division of Arcadian Sohio Company. Preferably, the urea in pellet form is ground to reduce the particle size to about 50 U.S. meshes to about 125 U.S. meshes, specifically about 75 to 100 U.S. meshes, preferably using a wet mill such as a single screw or twin screw extruder, a Teledyne mixer, a Ross emulsifier, etc.

[0123] Additional curing agents can be organic hardeners, including, for example, polyethylene glycol (PEG) compounds, suitable examples including solid polyethylene glycols of the general formula H(OCH2CH2)nOH, wherein n is greater than 15, particularly about 30 to about 1700, such as PEG4000, PEG 1450, and PEG 8000, etc. Still further, PEG can include different molecular weights, for example, molecular weights of about 1,400 to about 30,000. In certain embodiments, the curing agent includes or is solid PEG, for example, PEG 1500 up to PEG 20,000. In certain embodiments, PEG includes PEG 1450, PEG 3350, PEG 4500, PEG 8000, PEG 20,000, etc. Suitable solid polyethylene glycols can be commercially available from Union Carbide under the trade name CARBOWAX.

[0124] Additional curing agents may be inorganic curing agents, including, for example, hydratable inorganic salts, including, but not limited to, carbonates, sulfates, and bicarbonates, which may be alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts. Suitable salts include lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, strontium, zinc, manganese, lanthanum, titanium, gallium, aluminum, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, rhenium, rhodium, scandium, tin, and zirconium. Suitable metal salts include sodium salts, lithium salts, potassium salts, including, but not limited to, sulfates, chlorides, phosphates, acetates, nitrates, and carbonates. Particularly useful metal salts include sulfates, chlorides, and acetates of lithium, sodium, and potassium. The following patents disclose various combinations of curing agents, binders, and / or curing agents that may be used in the solid compositions of the present invention. The following U.S. patents are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety: U.S. Patent Nos. 7,153,820; 7,094,746; 7,087,569; 7,037,886; 6,831,054; 6,730,653; 6,660,707; 6,653,266; 6,583,094; 6,410,495; No. 6,258,765; No. 6,177,392; No. 6,156,715; No. 5,858,299; No. 5,316,688; No. 5,234,615; No. 5,198,198; No. 5,078,301; No. 4,595,520; No. 4,680,134; No. RE32,763; and No. RE32818.

[0125] Still further, the curing agent may include polymers and thickeners, including natural gums such as xanthan gum, guar gum, or other gums from plant mucilage; polysaccharide-based thickeners such as alginates, starches, and cellulose polymers (e.g., carboxymethyl cellulose); solid EO / PO block copolymers; polyacrylates; and hydrocolloids. In embodiments, the thickener does not leave contaminating residues on the surface of the object. For example, the thickener or gelling agent may be compatible with food or other sensitive products in the contact area.

[0126] The curing agent may be included in the composition in a range of about 0 wt-% to 70 wt-%, 0 wt-% to 50 wt-%, 0.01 wt-% to 30 wt-%, about 0.01 wt-% to 20 wt-%, or about 1 wt-% to about 20 wt-%.

[0127] Surfactants

[0128] In some embodiments, the composition includes an additional surfactant. Surfactants suitable for use with the composition include but are not limited to nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants and / or zwitterionic surfactants. In some embodiments, the composition includes an additional surfactant of about 0wt-% to about 40wt-%, about 0.1wt-% to about 38wt-%, about 1wt-% to about 20wt-%, about 1wt-% to about 15wt-%, or an additional surfactant of about 1wt-% to about 6wt-%.

[0129] Nonionic surfactants

[0130] Suitable nonionic surfactants for use with the compositions of the present invention include alkoxylated surfactants. Suitable alkoxylated surfactants include EO / PO copolymers, blocked EO / PO copolymers, alcohol alkoxylates, blocked alcohol alkoxylates, mixtures thereof, and the like. Alkoxylated surfactants suitable for use as solvents include EO / PO block copolymers such as Pluronic and reverse Pluronic surfactants; alcohol alkoxylates such as Dehypon LS-54 (R-(EO)5(PO)4) and Dehypon LS-36 (R-(EO)3(PO)6); and blocked alcohol alkoxylates such as Plurafac LF221 and Tegoten EC11; mixtures thereof, and the like.

[0131] In an exemplary aspect, a nonionic surfactant commercially available under the trade name "Pluronic" is included in the composition as an additional surfactant. These compounds are formed by condensing ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base formed by the condensation of propylene oxide and propylene glycol. The molecular weight of the hydrophobic portion of the molecule is about 1,500 to 1,800. The addition of polyoxyethylene groups to this hydrophobic portion tends to increase the water solubility of the entire molecule, and the liquid character of the product is maintained until the polyoxyethylene content is about 50% of the total weight of the condensation product.

[0132] Semi-polar type nonionic surfactants are another class of nonionic surfactants useful in the compositions of the present invention. Semi-polar nonionic surfactants include amine oxides, phosphine oxides, sulfoxides and their alkoxylated derivatives.

[0133] Amine oxides are tertiary amine oxides corresponding to the following general formula:

[0134]

[0135] where the arrow is a conventional representation of a semipolar bond; and R 1 , R 2 and R 3It can be an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a heterocyclic group, an alicyclic group, or a combination thereof. Typically, for detergent-related amine oxides, R 1 is an alkyl radical having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms; R 2 and R 3 is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a mixture thereof; R 2 and R 3 can be attached to each other, for example, via an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom, to form a ring structure; R 4 is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group containing 2 to 3 carbon atoms; and n is in the range of 0 to about 20. The amine oxide can be generated from the corresponding amine and an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide.

[0136] Suitable water-soluble amine oxide surfactants are selected from octyl, decyl, dodecyl, isododecyl, coconut or tallow alkyl di-(lower alkyl) amine oxides, specific examples of which are octyl dimethyl amine oxide, nonyl dimethyl amine oxide, decyl dimethyl amine oxide, undecyl dimethyl amine oxide, dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide, isododecyl dimethyl amine oxide, tridecyl dimethyl amine oxide, tetradecyl dimethyl amine oxide, pentadecyl dimethyl amine oxide, hexadecyl dimethyl amine oxide, heptadecyl dimethyl amine oxide. amine, octadecyl dimethyl amine oxide, dodecyl dipropyl amine oxide, tetradecyl dipropyl amine oxide, hexadecyl dipropyl amine oxide, tetradecyl dibutyl amine oxide, octadecyl dibutyl amine oxide, bis (2-hydroxyethyl) dodecyl amine oxide, bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -3-dodecyloxy-1-hydroxypropyl amine oxide, dimethyl - (2-hydroxydodecyl) amine oxide, 3,6,9-trioctadecyl dimethyl amine oxide, and 3-dodecyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl di- (2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide.

[0137] Amphoteric surfactant

[0138] Amphoteric or amphoteric surfactants contain both basic and acidic hydrophilic groups and organic hydrophobic groups. These ionic entities can be any anionic or cationic groups described herein for other types of surfactants. Basic nitrogen and acidic carboxylate groups are typical functional groups used as basic and acidic hydrophilic groups. In several surfactants, sulfonates, sulfates, phosphonates or phosphates provide negative charges.

[0139] Amphoteric surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines, wherein the aliphatic radical can be straight or branched chain and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic hydrotropous group, such as carboxyl, sulfonic acid, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphono. Amphoteric surfactants are subdivided into two major categories, as known to those of ordinary skill in the art and described in "Surfactant Encyclopedia," Cosmetics & Toiletries, Vol. 104(2) 69-71 (1989), which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The first category includes acyl / dialkylethylenediamine derivatives (e.g., 2-alkylhydroxyethylimidazoline derivatives) and their salts. The second category includes N-alkyl amino acids and their salts. It is believed that some amphoteric surfactants may fit into both categories.

[0140] Amphoteric surfactants can be synthesized by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, 2-alkylhydroxyethyl imidazolines are synthesized by condensation and ring closure of long-chain carboxylic acids (or derivatives) with dialkylethylenediamines. Commercial amphoteric surfactants are derivatized by, for example, hydrolysis and ring opening of the imidazoline ring by alkylation using chloroacetic acid or ethyl acetate. During the alkylation, one or two carboxyl-alkyl groups react with different alkylating agents to form tertiary amines and ether linkages to produce different tertiary amines.

[0141] The long-chain imidazole derivatives useful in the present invention generally have the general formula:

[0142]

[0143] Wherein R is a non-cyclic hydrophobic group containing about 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and M is a cation, generally sodium, for neutralizing the charge of the anion. Commercially well-known imidazoline-derived amphoteric surfactants that can be used in the present composition include, for example: cocoamphopropionate, cocoamphocarboxypropionate, cocoamphoglycinate, cocoamphocarboxyglycinate, cocoamphopropylsulfonate, and cocoamphocarboxypropionic acid. Amphocarboxylic acids can be produced from fatty imidazolines, wherein the dicarboxylic acid functional group of the amphodicarboxylic acid is diacetic acid and / or dipropionic acid.

[0144] The carboxymethylated compounds (glycinates) described above are often referred to herein as betaines. Betaines are a special class of amphoteric surfactants discussed below in the section entitled Zwitterionic Surfactants.

[0145] Long-chain N-alkyl amino acids can be easily prepared by the reaction of RNH2 fatty amines with halogenated carboxylic acids, where R = C8-C 18Straight or branched chain alkyl groups. Alkylation of the primary amino groups of amino acids produces secondary and tertiary amines. The alkyl substituent may have additional amino groups that provide more than one reactive nitrogen center. Most commercial N-alkylamines are alkyl derivatives of β-alanine or β-N (2-carboxyethyl) alanine. Examples of commercial N-alkyl amino acid ampholytes that have application in this invention include alkyl β-amino dipropionates, RN (C2H4COOM) 2 and RNHC2H4COOM. In an embodiment, R may be an acyclic hydrophobic group containing from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and M is a cation for neutralizing the charge of an anion.

[0146] Suitable amphoteric surfactants include amphoteric surfactants derived from coconut products such as coconut oil or coconut fatty acids. Other suitable coconut-derived surfactants include as part of their structure an ethylenediamine moiety, an alkanolamide moiety, an amino acid moiety, such as glycine, or a combination thereof; and an aliphatic substituent of about 8 to 18 (e.g., 12) carbon atoms. Such surfactants may also be considered alkyl amphoteric dicarboxylic acids. These amphoteric surfactants may include a chemical structure represented as follows: 12 -alkyl-C(O)-NH-CH2-CH2-N + (CH2-CH2-CO2Na)2-CH2-CH2-OH or C 12 -alkyl-C(O)-N(H)-CH2-CH2-N + (CH2-CO2Na)2-CH2-CH2-OH. Disodium cocoamphodipropionate is a suitable amphoteric surfactant and is available from Rhodia Inc., Cranbury, NJ under the trade name Miranol TM FBS is commercially available. Another suitable coconut-derived amphoteric surfactant chemically known as disodium cocoamphodiacetate is also available from Rhodia Corporation of Cranbury, New Jersey under the trade name Mirataine TM JCHA is commercially available.

[0147] A typical listing of the amphoteric classes and species of these surfactants is given in U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,678, issued to Laughlin and Heuring on Dec. 30, 1975. Additional examples are given in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents" (Vol. I and II by Schwartz, Perry and Berch).

[0148] Zwitterionic surfactants

[0149] Zwitterionic surfactants can be considered as a subgroup of amphoteric surfactants and can include anionic charges. Zwitterionic surfactants can be generally described as derivatives of secondary and tertiary amines, derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines, or derivatives of quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or tertiary sulfonium compounds. Typically, zwitterionic surfactants include positively charged quaternary ammonium ions, or in some cases, sulfonium or phosphonium ions; negatively charged carboxyl groups; and alkyl groups. Zwitterions typically contain cationic and anionic groups, which are ionized to almost the same extent in the isoelectric region of the molecule and which can generate strong "inner salt" attractions between positive-negative charge centers. Examples of such synthetic zwitterionic surfactants include derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium and sulfonium compounds, wherein the aliphatic radical can be straight or branched and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and one of the aliphatic substituents contains anionic water-soluble groups, such as carboxyl, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate.

[0150] Betaine surfactants and sultaine surfactants are exemplary zwitterionic surfactants for use herein. The general formula for these compounds is:

[0151]

[0152] Where R 1 An alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl group containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms having 0 to 10 ethylene oxide moieties and 0 to 1 glyceryl moieties; Y is selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, a phosphorus atom and a sulfur atom; R 2 is an alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms; x is 1 when Y is a sulfur atom and x is 2 when Y is a nitrogen or phosphorus atom, R 3 is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene or hydroxyalkylene group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and Z is a group selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate and phosphate.

[0153] Examples of zwitterionic surfactants having the structures listed above include: 4-[N,N-di(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-octadecylammonium]-butane-1-carboxylate; 5-[S-3-hydroxypropyl-S-hexadecylsulfonium]-3-hydroxypentane-1-sulfate; 3-[P,P-diethyl-P-3,6,9-trioxa-tetracosylphospho]-2-hydroxypropane-1-phosphate; 3-[N,N-dipropyl-N-3-dodecyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl-ammonio]-propane-1-phosphonate; 3-(N,N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio)-propane-1-sulfonate; 3-(N,N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio)-propane-1-sulfonate; -N-hexadecylammonio)-2-hydroxy-propane-1-sulfonate; 4-[N,N-di(2(2-hydroxyethyl)-N(2-hydroxydodecyl)ammonio]-butane-1-carboxylate; 3-[S-ethyl-S-(3-dodecyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl)sulfonium]-propane-1-phosphate; 3-[P,P-dimethyl-P-dodecylphosphino]-propane-1-phosphonate; and S[N,N-di(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-hexadecylammonio]-2-hydroxy-pentane-1-sulfate. The alkyl groups contained in the detergent surfactant may be linear or branched and may be saturated or unsaturated.

[0154] Suitable zwitterionic surfactants for use in the compositions of the present invention include betaines having the following general structure:

[0155]

[0156] These surfactant betaines generally do not exhibit strong cationic or anionic properties at pH extremes, nor do they show reduced water solubility in their isoelectric range. Unlike "external" quaternary ammonium salts, betaines are compatible with anionic surfactants. Examples of suitable betaines include cocoamidopropyl dimethyl betaine; hexadecyl dimethyl betaine; C 12-14 Acylamidopropyl betaine; C 8-14 Acylamidohexyl diethyl betaine; 4-C 14-16 Acylmethylamidodiethylammonium-1-carboxybutane; C 16-18 Acylamidodimethylbetaine; C 12-16 Acylamidopentane diethyl betaine; and C 12-16 Acylmethylamidodimethylbetaine.

[0157] The sulfobetaines useful in the present invention include those having the formula (R(R 1 )2N + R 2 SO 3- Those compounds wherein R is C6-C 18 Hydrocarbon, each R 1are usually independently C1-C3 alkyl, for example, methyl, and R 2 It is a C1-C6 hydrocarbon group, such as a C1-C3 alkylene group or a hydroxyalkylene group.

[0158] A typical list of zwitterionic classes and species of these surfactants is given in U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,678, issued to Laughlin and Heuring on Dec. 30, 1975. Additional examples are given in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents" (Vol. I and Vol. II, Schwartz, Perry and Berch). Each of these references is incorporated herein in its entirety.

[0159] In an embodiment, the composition of the present invention includes betaine. For example, the composition may include cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0160] Defoaming agent

[0161] Defoamers can also be included in the composition. Generally, defoamers that can be used according to the present invention preferably include alcohol alkoxylates and EO / PO block copolymers. Defoamers can also include polyalkylene glycol condensates and propylene glycol, including polypropylene glycol. In some embodiments, the composition can include an antifoaming agent or defoamer with food grade quality when the method is applied. For this reason, a more effective antifoaming agent includes silicone. Silicone resins such as dimethyl silicone resins, ethylene glycol polysiloxanes, methylphenol polysiloxanes, trialkyl or tetraalkyl silanes, hydrophobic silica defoamers and mixtures thereof can all be used for defoaming applications. These defoamers can exist in the following concentration ranges: about 0.01wt-% to 20wt-%, 0.01wt-% to 20wt-%, about 0.01wt-% to 5wt-%, or about 0.01wt-% to about 1wt-%.

[0162] Methods used

[0163] The virucidal compositions are particularly useful for treating surfaces where antimicrobial efficacy (including, for example, virucidal efficacy) is desired. In another aspect, the virucidal compositions are still further very useful for treating surfaces where virucidal efficacy against small non-enveloped viruses, large non-enveloped viruses, and / or any enveloped viruses is desired. In particular aspects, the virucidal compositions are particularly useful for treating surfaces where inactivation of small non-enveloped viruses is desired. Methods of inactivating viral populations are provided; methods of inactivating murine norovirus are encompassed according to the present disclosure.

[0164] The method for antimicrobial, antiviral, sterilization and inactivation of viruses includes a contact step, wherein a virucidal composition is applied to a surface to be treated. In one aspect, the composition is contacted with a surface contaminated by the virus. The contaminated surface can be cleaned and / or soiled in advance. In a preferred aspect, the method of use provides complete killing of norovirus. Advantageously, in one aspect, using less than about 60 minutes, less than about 30 minutes, less than about 15 minutes, less than about 5 minutes, less than about 1 minute, less than about 30 seconds, or even less than about 15 seconds of contact time to achieve in a norovirus population on the surface, in such a population, greater than 99.9% reduction (3-log level reduction), in such a population, greater than 99.99% reduction (4-log level reduction), or greater than 99.999% reduction (5-log level reduction).

[0165] In another aspect, the virucidal composition is contacted with food and / or with a non-food contact hard surface. Such a surface may further include an apparatus, such as a medical device. The surface may also include surfaces cleaned in the third tank disinfection, including various utensils. In yet other aspects, the composition may be contacted with a CIP (clean in place) application.

[0166] In other aspects, the composition can be contacted with a warewashing machine, such as a warewashing application.

[0167] In still other aspects, the composition can be contacted with a third sink disinfecting application or a first sink disinfecting detergent application. In another aspect, the contacting is beneficially compatible with the first sink detergent, so that the third sink disinfecting step can be used as a water cycle to combine with the first sink detergent. This is superior to conventional compositions containing quaternary ammonium compounds that are incompatible with the first sink detergent.

[0168] In still other aspects, the composition can be contacted with a tissue surface including tissue treatment applications.Exemplary tissue surfaces include mammalian skin, such as animal or human skin, including, for example, a human hand.

[0169] Various surfaces to which the composition can be applied may include any conventional application methods. Application may include, for example, by wiping, spraying, dipping, immersion, etc. Contact may also include providing a solid first dissolved in water to form a solution for contact. The contact step allows the composition to contact the contaminated surface for a predetermined amount of time. The amount of time may be sufficient to allow for a few seconds to an hour, about 15 seconds or about 30 seconds to about 60 minutes, or any range therebetween. In a preferred embodiment, the contact time required for antiviral efficacy is less than about 30 minutes, less than about 15 minutes, less than about 10 minutes, less than about 5 minutes, or less than about 1 minute. In another embodiment, the contact time required for antiviral efficacy is less than about 30 seconds, or even less than about 15 seconds. The method may include a single step of applying the composition to the surface without direct physical removal, such as a rinsing step and / or a wiping step. Advantageously, in various embodiments, the composition may optionally provide a rinse-free application. As a further benefit, in various embodiments, the composition may optionally provide a wiping application. As a further benefit, in various embodiments, the compositions can provide for no-rinse and no-wipe applications.

[0170] In some aspects, the solid composition comprises diluting the concentrated liquid composition (or forming an aqueous use composition from a solid) with a water source such as water to form a use solution from the liquid concentrate or to form an aqueous use solution from the solid. The aqueous use solution can be further diluted into a desired use solution.

[0171] In some aspects, the method may further include a pre-cleaning step such as applying, wiping and / or rinsing the cleaning composition therein, and then applying the composition. The composition and its use method may include treating a cleaned or soiled surface. In some embodiments, the contact time amount between the composition and the surface is enough to reduce the microorganism (including murine norovirus as a substitute for norovirus) population on the surface, to provide a reduction greater than 99.9% (3-log level reduction) in microorganism and pathogen populations, a reduction greater than 99.99% (4-log level reduction) in such populations, or a reduction greater than 99.999% (5-log level reduction) in such populations. The contact time is preferably less than about 30 minutes, less than about 15 minutes or less than about 5 minutes.

[0172] The temperature conditions of the process may be in the range of about 40°F-160°F, about 60°F-140°F, or about 70°F-140°F.

[0173] Beneficially, the method does not require a rinsing step. In one aspect, the composition is approved for food contact and does not require a rinsing step. As a further benefit, the method does not cause corrosion and / or disturb the surface (e.g., blurring, dulling or other negative aesthetic effects on the surface).

[0174] The method can optionally include the use of various sensors and / or indicators. On the one hand, the level of the active ingredient in the use solution can be monitored in various ways. In one method, the critical pH of the solution that the product will begin to significantly lose its biocidal efficacy is visually indicated by color change, and the color change is realized by selecting a dye that shows a violent color change at this pH. The dye can be simply incorporated into the product, and preferably the dye is incorporated into the polymer substrate to form a color change bar, and the bar is placed in a container, for example, in the 3rd tank, to be displayed in the color change when the solution passes through the critical pH value. In addition, the level of anionic surfactants in the use solution can also be monitored in a similar manner, wherein the color change will indicate the critical concentration of anionic surfactants required for biocidal efficacy.

[0175] In other embodiments, as an alternative to visual indicators, properties of the use solution including pH, anion activity, fluorescence, and / or conductivity can be monitored by sensors that provide a visual or audible signal when the solution is no longer within a specified range. In some embodiments, marker molecules can be added to the composition, where changes in the active ingredients in the use solution will trigger changes in the physical and / or chemical properties of the marker molecules, and the changes are quantified by signal processing.

[0176] In some embodiments, the virucidal composition meets the bactericidal requirements of EN1276 (bacterial suspension studies), EN13697 (bacterial-carrier based studies), and EN16615 (bacterial-carrier based studies) under clean and / or dirty conditions at 18°C-25°C. In some embodiments, the virucidal composition meets the virucidal requirements of EN14476 under clean and / or dirty conditions at 18°C-25°C. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, suspension studies may also be referred to as stage 2, step 1 (or 2.1-suspension) studies and carrier studies may be referred to as stage 2, step 2 (or 2.2-carrier)) studies or laboratory simulated surface tests.

[0177] All publications and patent applications in this specification are indicative of the level of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. All publications and patent applications are incorporated herein by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.

[0178] Example

[0179] In the following non-limiting examples, embodiments of the present invention are further defined. It should be understood that, although these embodiments disclose certain embodiments of the present invention, they are provided only by way of illustration. From the above discussion and these embodiments, those skilled in the art can confirm the basic characteristics of the present invention, and, without departing from its spirit and scope, various changes and modifications can be made to embodiments of the present invention to adapt them to various uses and conditions. Therefore, in addition to the contents illustrated and described herein, based on the foregoing description, various modifications of embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such modifications are also intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0180] The following abbreviations and / or trade names of the products used in the Examples are further described in detail in Table 3 below:

[0181] Table 3

[0182]

[0183]

[0184] For the test, EN hard water was prepared according to the following method: Solution A was prepared by dissolving 1.98 g of magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and 4.62 g of calcium chloride (CaCl2) in laboratory purified water and diluted to 100 mL. The solution was sterilized by membrane filtration. Solution B was prepared by dissolving 3.50 g of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in laboratory purified water and diluted to 100 mL. The solution was sterilized by membrane filtration. Both solutions were stored in a refrigerator (2-8°C) and used before the expiration date of each solution (one month for solution A and one week for solution B). On the day of preparation, 6.0 mL of solution A and 8.0 mL of solution B were added to approximately 700 mL of sterile laboratory purified water in a 1000 mL volumetric flask. Sterile laboratory purified water was added to a volume of 1000 mL. The hard water was mixed evenly. The pH of the hard water was adjusted to the target pH range of 7.0 ± 0.2 with 1N hydrochloric acid. The hardness of the water was verified by adding 10 mL of hard water to 40 mL of laboratory purified water. Add a small amount of water hardness indicator and 1 mL of water hardness buffer, mix thoroughly, and then titrate the solution to CaCO3 ppm with 0.01 M EDTA.

[0185] Example 1

[0186] Bactericidal efficacy screening. Bactericidal efficacy screening was performed using the chemicals in Table 4 with Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 at 5 minutes of contact according to EN1276. Concentrated chemicals were prepared by adding the materials listed in the table below to a glass beaker and stirring with a stirring rod until uniform. On the test day, a 1.25% by weight dilution of the test chemical was prepared using EN hard water as a diluent according to the table below to evaluate a 1% by weight dilution of the product (which takes into account the dilution that occurs in the micro-efficacy method). The pH was measured and recorded with a pH meter. Using a micropipette, MSA (70%) was added in 10uL increments to the test sample until a pH value of 2.0-2.1 was observed, and the total volume of MSA (70%) added and the final pH of the solution were recorded as shown in Tables 5 to 7.

[0187] Testing was performed under clean conditions (meaning the soil level on the treated panels was 0.3 g / L BSA), at 20°C, with a contact time of 5 minutes, using EN hard water. The Crodasinic CS30 formulation could not be evaluated due to the instant instability exhibited by the composition. Testing was performed on three different test days, each with a "no anion control" and a "LAS control".

[0188]

[0189]

[0190] Table 5

[0191]

[0192] Table 6

[0193]

[0194] Table 7

[0195]

[0196] The results are shown in Table 8 and Figure 1 middle.

[0197] Table 8

[0198]

[0199]

[0200] Screening of various anionic chemistries showed that all anionic chemistries (excluding Akypo LF4 and the negative control) provided ≥ 5 log reduction against S. aureus.

[0201] Example 2

[0202] Antiviral efficacy testing. Antiviral efficacy testing was performed using the chemicals of Table 9 (with some modifications to the formulations tested for antimicrobial efficacy) EN14476 with adenovirus and murine norovirus (MNV) at contact times of 5 and 15 minutes. MNV is a norovirus used as a model for human norovirus. Concentrated chemicals were prepared by adding the materials listed in the table below to a glass beaker and stirring with a stirring rod until uniform. On the test day, a 1.25% dilution of the test chemical was prepared by wt using EN hard water as a diluent according to the table below to evaluate a 1% dilution by weight of the product (which takes into account the dilution that occurs in the micro-efficacy method). The pH was not measured for the antiviral test because the results were consistent with those of Example 1.

[0203] In each test, there was one replicate for each test condition. The laboratory performed these as described above under clean conditions at room temperature using EN hard water. The composition was diluted to 1% by weight using a fixed active anion concentration of 1300 ppm in the solution.

[0204] Table 9

[0205]

[0206]

[0207] The results show cytotoxicity (log10 CD50 / mL), virus control titer (log10 TCID 50 / mL), virus titer after a period of time and log reduction (see attached figure). Figure 2 (adenovirus) and Figure 3 (MNV). These figures show the efficacy of the compositions evaluated using a 15 minute contact time. Adenovirus Results ( Figure 2 ) showed that all anionic formulations provided ≥ 4 log kill at 15 minutes and "nd" (non-detectable) viral measurements at 30 and 60 minutes. However, the test for MNV ( Figure 3 ) showed the unexpected result that only the AOS anionic formulation provided ≥ 4 log kill at 15 minutes (and at 5 minutes earlier).

[0208] This was a surprising result and was rerun to verify the accuracy of the test. Additional tests were conducted with longer contact times, including 30 and 60 minute contact times, to determine whether anionic surfactants would provide virucidal efficacy against MNV at longer contact times. The virucidal composition containing AOS again outperformed the other anionic surfactants, confirming the unexpected result that the virucidal composition containing AOS was superior to other acid-containing anionic surfactants in providing virucidal efficacy.

[0209] Example 3

[0210] Additional Antiviral Efficacy Testing. Based on the unexpected results of Example 2, where the AOS anionic formulation outperformed the other anionic formulations for MNV, additional testing was performed to evaluate the effect of dilution percentage and contact time. The formulation was modified according to the method of Example 2, as shown in Table 10. The composition was diluted to 1% by weight, and the fixed active anion concentration in the solution used was 1300 ppm.

[0211] Table 10

[0212]

[0213]

[0214] The results are shown in Figure 4 These figures show the efficacy of the AOS anionic composition at a 1% dilution by weight (providing a 1300 ppm anion concentration in the use solution), confirming the results of Example 2. In addition, the AOS anionic composition further provided antiviral efficacy at a dilution of 0.75 wt% at 15 minutes and a dilution of 0.5% by weight at 30 minutes.

[0215] The present invention has thus been described, it will be apparent that it may be varied in many ways. Such variations will not be considered as departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. The above description provides a description of the manufacture and use of the disclosed compositions and methods. Since many embodiments may be carried out without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A virus-killing composition, include: 20 wt-% to 50 wt-% lactic acid; 5 wt-% to 20 wt-% methanesulfonic acid; 25 wt-% to 50 wt-% of at least one alpha olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant; and 1 wt-% to 15 wt-% of an alkoxylated nonionic surfactant having an EO / PO block copolymer; wherein the composition is a liquid or a solid; and The composition has a usage pH of 1.5 to 4.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the alpha olefin sulfonate is a C8-C22 alpha olefin sulfonate.

3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the alpha olefin sulfonate is a C8-C16 alpha olefin sulfonate.

4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composition is a liquid or solid concentrate.

5. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an additional anionic surfactant.

6. A composition according to claim 5, wherein the additional anionic surfactant is a sulfonate.

7. The composition of claim 6, wherein the sulfonate is an alkyl sulfonate.

8. The composition of claim 7, wherein the alkyl sulfonate is sodium alkyl sulfonate.

9. A method of using a virucidal composition for non-therapeutic purposes, include: Contacting the virucidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 with a surface in need of treatment, and inactivating the viral population, wherein the antiviral inactivation is at least a 3 log reduction to complete inactivation in less than 60 minutes.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the virucidal composition is diluted into a use solution prior to the contacting step.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the diluted use solution is made from 0.5% to 3% by weight dilution.

12. The method of any one of claims 9-11, wherein the contacting is by wiping, dipping, immersing or spraying.

13. The method of any one of claims 9-11, wherein the surface is a hard surface.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the hard surface is a pre-cleaned hard surface and / or a surface contaminated with Norovirus and / or other viral populations.

15. The method of any one of claims 9-11, wherein the surface is animal or human skin.

16. The method of any one of claims 9-11, wherein the contacting provides complete viral kill in less than 1 minute, and wherein the contacting step is at an aqueous use temperature of 40°F-160°F.

17. The method of claim 9, wherein the virucidal composition is a liquid or solid concentrate, the method comprising diluting the liquid or solid concentrate at a ratio of 1 / 8 oz. / gal. to 12 oz. / gal. to form a use solution of the virucidal composition.

18. The method of any one of claims 10-11, wherein a sensor and / or indicator is used to measure and detect at least one of the following: solution pH at which the composition loses biocidal efficacy, concentration of anionic surfactant in the use solution, fluorescence and / or conductivity.

19. The method of any one of claims 9-11, wherein the virus is a small non-enveloped virus, a large non-enveloped virus and / or an enveloped virus.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the virus is human norovirus, adenovirus and / or poliovirus.

21. The method of any one of claims 9-11, wherein the inactivated virus population provides at least a 3 log reduction to complete inactivation within 10 minutes.

22. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the virucidal composition meets the requirements of EN 1276 at 18°C ​​to 25°C under clean and / or dirty conditions.

23. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the virucidal composition meets the requirements of EN 13697 at 18°C ​​to 25°C under clean and / or dirty conditions.

24. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the virucidal composition meets the requirements of EN 16615 at 18°C ​​to 25°C under clean and / or dirty conditions.

25. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the virucidal composition meets the requirements of EN 14476 at 18°C ​​to 25°C under clean and / or dirty conditions.

26. The method of any one of claims 9-11, wherein the method does not require a washing step.

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