A rotating self-advancing sprinkler, drilling tool and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rotary self-advancing nozzle, a drilling tool and an application. In the rotary self-advancing nozzle, a liquid inlet and a central axis are arranged at opposite ends of the nozzle body, a flow guide port penetrating the liquid inlet is arranged at the periphery of the central axis, a first bearing groove is arranged at the periphery of the flow guide port, and a backward nozzle is also arranged on the nozzle body, facing the oblique upper side of the end where the liquid inlet is located; the turbine includes a first central hole and an external sleeve, and the first central hole and the external sleeve are connected by blades; the rotating body includes a shell and a columnar cavity, a second central hole and a forward nozzle are arranged at one end of the shell, the second central hole is coaxially connected with the columnar cavity, and a second bearing groove corresponding to the first bearing groove is arranged at the end of the shell opposite to the end where the second central hole is located, and the second bearing groove is located at the periphery of the columnar cavity; the central axis passes through the first central hole and the second central hole in sequence, and the end of the central axis is fixed between the rotating body, and the first bearing groove and the second bearing groove are fixed by bearings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, and in particular to a rotary self-advancing nozzle, a drilling tool comprising the rotary self-advancing nozzle and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Downhole power drilling tools are power machines connected to the lower end of the drill pipe and lowered to the bottom of the well along with the drill pipe. They mainly include turbo drilling tools, screw drilling tools, etc.

[0003] Turbine drilling tools rely on high-pressure fluid flow through the turbine to convert liquid energy into mechanical energy on the central axis, driving the drill bit to break rocks. It consists of hundreds of pairs of turbine stators and rotors installed in series in the housing, as well as bearings, central axis, etc. The blades of the turbine stator and rotor are reversely curved, and the high-pressure mud flows along the deflection direction of the stator blades, powerfully impacting the rotor blades, causing the rotor to drive the central axis to rotate. Turbine drilling tools are the main drilling tools used by the Soviet Union. They have developed new turbodrills with various performances, which are widely used in drilling work at various depths and formations (including wells of 10,000 meters that have been drilled). Other countries are also developing them.

[0004] The screw drill relies on high-pressure mud to pass through the stator and rotor channels, driving the rotor to rotate in the stator spiral channel, generating torque, and driving the drill bit to break the rock. It consists of a spiral rotor installed in a housing, a rubber stator bushing with a spiral channel, a rotating shaft, bearings, etc. It is a positive displacement downhole power drilling tool, whose speed is proportional to the pump displacement, and torque is proportional to the pump pressure and drilling pressure. The pump pressure can indirectly indicate the drilling pressure. Due to the low speed, it is more advantageous to use a roller bit for drilling.

[0005] However, the above-mentioned drilling tools have problems such as insufficient power, poor hole expansion capability of the drill bit, and poor roundness of the rock-breaking holes.

[0006] Furthermore, as a hydraulic rock-breaking drill bit, the self-propelled rotary nozzle has extremely broad application prospects in the fields of horizontal well side drilling, old well transformation, and oil reservoir potential tapping. It can shorten the drilling cycle, increase oil and gas channels, improve oil well production capacity, and effectively save costs. It is an important means to achieve efficient drilling and development of oil fields.

[0007] At present, a self-propelled drill bit is connected to a high-pressure hose, and the hydraulic energy of the drill bit itself can be used to continuously extend and break rocks in the formation to achieve the purpose of rapid drilling. As the core component for drilling in the formation, the design method and structure of the self-propelled drill bit have an important impact on the drilling efficiency. Under actual working conditions, there are many problems that need to be solved: (1) Since the power for the drill bit to extend and break rocks in the formation comes from its own hydraulic energy, there are problems such as low hydraulic energy utilization, poor rock breaking effect, and insufficient self-propelled force of the drill bit; (2) The hydraulic energy decays rapidly, the pressure loss is large, and the extension length is insufficient; (3) The diameter of the formed hole is small and the wellbore is irregular. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a rotary self-propelled nozzle, a drilling tool including the rotary self-propelled nozzle and the application thereof. The rotary self-propelled nozzle provided by the present invention has a simple structure and sufficient power during the working process, thereby being able to improve the smoothness and roundness of the rock-breaking holes and the hole expansion capacity, thereby solving the problem of bending of the trajectory of the hydraulic jet hose during the drilling process.

[0009] A first aspect of the present invention provides a rotating self-advancing spray head, comprising a spray head body, a turbine and a rotating body;

[0010] The two opposite ends of the nozzle body are respectively provided with a liquid inlet and a central axis, the nozzle body is provided with a flow guide port that is connected with the liquid inlet on the periphery of the central axis, the flow guide port is provided with a first bearing groove on the periphery, and the nozzle body is also provided with a backward nozzle, and the backward nozzle faces the oblique upper side of the end where the liquid inlet is located;

[0011] The turbine comprises a first central hole and an outer sleeve, wherein the first central hole and the outer sleeve are connected via blades;

[0012] The rotating body comprises a shell and a cylindrical cavity, a second center hole and a forward nozzle are provided at one end of the shell, the second center hole is coaxially connected with the cylindrical cavity, a second bearing groove corresponding to the first bearing groove is provided at an end of the shell opposite to the end where the second center hole is located, and the second bearing groove is located at the outer periphery of the cylindrical cavity;

[0013] The central shaft passes through the first central hole and the second central hole in sequence, the end of the central shaft is fixed to the rotating body, and the first bearing groove and the second bearing groove are fixed by bearings.

[0014] The rotary self-advancing nozzle provided by the present invention has stronger and more stable power by providing a nozzle body, a turbine and a rotating body. During operation, the nozzle's hole expansion ability can be improved, the smoothness and roundness of the hole can be improved when breaking the rock and expanding the hole, and the problem of hose trajectory bending during the hydraulic jetting process can be avoided. In particular, the rotary self-advancing nozzle of the present invention can significantly improve the power of the nozzle during the drilling process by providing a turbine, thereby improving the hole expansion ability of the drilling tool and making the hole smoother and rounder.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the rotary self-advancing sprinkler of the present invention, the number of blades in the turbine is set to an odd number, the blade shape is fan-shaped, and the deflection angle of the blade is 40° to 60°.

[0016] In the present invention, by arranging an odd number of blades, the mass distribution of the turbine can be uneven, and the nozzle can be driven to continuously jump while the turbine rotates, which can reduce the friction resistance during the self-advance process. Furthermore, by controlling the shape and deflection angle of the blades, the contact area between the turbine blades and the fluid can be increased when the fluid passes through the turbine, thereby improving the utilization rate of hydraulic energy.

[0017] According to the preferred embodiment of the rotary self-advancing spray head of the present invention, the number of blades in the turbine is set to 5, 7 or 9, and the shape of the blades is a fan-shaped structure and is spiral. The deflection angle of the blade is 50°

[0018] According to some embodiments of the rotary self-propelled spray head described in the present invention, a plurality of protrusions are provided on the outer wall of the outer sleeve of the turbine, and grooves corresponding to the protrusions are provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical cavity of the rotating body, and the protrusions are respectively embedded in the grooves.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the rotary self-advancing spray head of the present invention, the protrusions are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve of the turbine.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment of the rotary self-advancing spray head of the present invention, four protrusions are provided and four grooves are correspondingly provided.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the rotary self-advancing sprinkler of the present invention, four flow guide ports are evenly arranged on the sprinkler body at the periphery of the central axis.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the rotary self-feeding spray head of the present invention, a thread is provided on the outer wall of the spray head body at the end where the liquid inlet is located.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the rotary self-advancing spray head of the present invention, six rearward nozzles are evenly arranged on the spray head body.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment of the rotary self-feeding spray head of the present invention, the angle between the rearward nozzle and the axial direction is 20°-40°.

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment of the rotary self-feeding spray head of the present invention, the water outlets of the backward nozzles are located on the same cross section of the spray head body.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the rotary self-propelled sprinkler of the present invention, a third bearing groove is provided on the shell of the rotating body at the periphery of the second center hole, and the end of the central shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating body via a bearing and a nut.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the rotary self-advancing nozzle of the present invention, the angle value of the forward nozzle is: the first imaginary line is obtained by deflecting the central axis of the second center hole by an angle of α, the plane where the first imaginary line and the central axis of the second center hole are located is the first plane, the plane perpendicular to the first plane and whose intersection is the first imaginary line is the second plane, the first imaginary line is deflected by an angle of β in the second plane to obtain a second imaginary line, and the forward nozzle is opened along the second imaginary line or parallel to the second imaginary line. Preferably, α is 15°-50°, and β is 15°-50°.

[0028] The rotary self-advancing nozzle provided by the present invention has a part of high-pressure drilling fluid ejected from the rear nozzle after entering the nozzle device, providing self-advancing force for the nozzle, and the remaining high-pressure drilling fluid acts on the turbine blades after passing through the guide port, driving the turbine to rotate, so that the high-pressure drilling fluid forms a rotating jet and acts on the forward nozzle. The turbine is assembled together through a protrusion and a groove, and the rotation of the turbine drives the rotating body to rotate, thereby expanding the drilling area, improving the roundness of the rock-breaking hole, and enhancing the expansion capacity. In addition, after the rotary self-advancing nozzle rotates, it can also improve the stability of the drill bit and ensure the straightness of the drilling trajectory.

[0029] A second aspect of the present invention provides a drilling device, one end of which is equipped with the above-mentioned rotating self-advancing nozzle.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment of the drilling tool of the present invention, the above-mentioned rotary self-advancing nozzle is installed on the end of the drilling tool through the thread provided at the liquid inlet.

[0031] The third aspect of the present invention provides an application of the above-mentioned rotary self-advancing nozzle and drilling tool in the process of rock breaking and hole expansion, but it is not limited thereto.

[0032] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0033] The rotary self-advancing nozzle provided by the present invention has a drilling fluid that can provide a rotary self-advancing force for the nozzle itself, so that the turbine drives the rotating body to rotate, thereby expanding the drilling area, improving the roundness of the rock-breaking hole, and enhancing the expansion capacity. Moreover, after the rotary self-advancing nozzle rotates, it can also improve the stability of the drill bit and ensure the straightness of the drilling trajectory.

[0034] Furthermore, the rotary self-advancing spray head provided by the present invention has a relatively simple structure and is easy to promote and apply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a rotary self-advancing spray head provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a nozzle body provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a front view of a nozzle body provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 A front view of a turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a rotating body provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a front view of a rotating body provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Description of Reference Numerals

[0042] 100. Nozzle body, 200. Turbine, 300. Rotating body, 400. Nut;

[0043] 110. Liquid inlet, 120. Central axis, 130. Diversion port, 140. First bearing groove, 150. Rear nozzle, 160. Thread;

[0044] 210. first central hole, 220. outer sleeve, 230. blade, 240. protrusion;

[0045] 310. Shell, 320. Columnar cavity, 330. Second center hole, 340. Second bearing groove, 350. Forward nozzle, 360. Groove, 370. Third bearing groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the present invention easier to understand, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments and drawings. These embodiments and drawings are only for illustration and are not intended to limit the application scope of the present invention.

[0047] [Example 1]

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of a rotary self-propelled spray head is shown, which includes a spray head body 100 , a turbine 200 and a rotating body 300 .

[0049] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the two opposite ends of the nozzle body 100 are respectively provided with a liquid inlet 110 and a central axis 120, and the nozzle body 100 is provided with a guide port 130 that is connected with the liquid inlet 110 on the periphery of the central axis 120. A first bearing groove 140 is provided on the periphery of the guide port 130. In addition, a backward nozzle 150 is also provided on the nozzle body 100, and the backward nozzle 150 faces the oblique upper side of the end where the liquid inlet 110 is located.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, four guide ports 130 are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the central axis 120 on the nozzle body 100. In addition, six backward nozzles 150 are evenly arranged on the nozzle body 100. The angle between the backward nozzle 150 and the axial direction is 30°. The water outlets of the backward nozzle 150 are located on the same cross section of the nozzle body 100.

[0051] Furthermore, a thread 160 is provided on the outer wall of the nozzle body 100 at the end where the liquid inlet 110 is located, which is used to fix the rotary self-advancing nozzle on the drilling tool.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, the turbine 200 includes a first central hole 210 and an outer sleeve 220, and the first central hole 210 and the outer sleeve 220 are connected by blades 230. The blades 230 are arranged in a fan shape and are spiral. In this embodiment, 5 blades are evenly arranged, and the deflection angle of the spiral blades is 50°.

[0053] Four protrusions 240 are arranged on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 220 of the turbine 200 . The four protrusions 240 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 220 of the turbine 200 .

[0054] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the rotating body 300 includes a housing 310 and a cylindrical cavity 320, and a second center hole 330 and a forward nozzle 350 are provided at one end of the housing 310. The second center hole 330 is coaxially connected to the cylindrical cavity 320, and a second bearing groove 340 corresponding to the first bearing groove 140 is provided at the end of the housing 310 opposite to the end where the second center hole 330 is located. The second bearing groove 340 is located at the outer periphery of the cylindrical cavity 320. In addition, a third bearing groove 370 is provided on the housing 310 at the outer periphery of the second center hole 330.

[0055] Furthermore, grooves 360 corresponding to the protrusions 240 are provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical cavity 320 of the rotating body 300. Accordingly, four grooves 360 are provided, and the protrusions 240 on the turbine 200 are respectively embedded in the grooves 360.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, the angle of the forward nozzle 350 in this embodiment is defined as follows: the first imaginary line is obtained by deflecting the central axis of the second central hole 330 by an angle of α, the plane where the first imaginary line and the central axis of the second central hole 330 are located is the first plane, the plane perpendicular to the first plane and whose intersection is the first imaginary line is the second plane, the first imaginary line is deflected by an angle of β in the second plane to obtain the second imaginary line, and the forward nozzle 350 is opened along the second imaginary line or parallel to the second imaginary line. Among them, α is 30° and β is 35°.

[0057] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, the central shaft 120 passes through the first central hole 210 and the second central hole 330 in sequence, and the end of the central shaft 120 is fixedly connected to the rotating body 300 through the third bearing groove 370 using a bearing and a nut 400. The first bearing groove 140 and the second bearing groove 340 are fixed by bearings, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the nozzle body 100, the turbine 200 and the rotating body 300.

[0058] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, under the technical enlightenment provided by the present invention, as common knowledge in the field, other equivalent variations and improvements can also be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotating self-advancing sprinkler, comprising a sprinkler body, a turbine and a rotating body; The two opposite ends of the nozzle body are respectively provided with a liquid inlet and a central axis, the nozzle body is provided with a flow guide port that is connected with the liquid inlet on the periphery of the central axis, the flow guide port is provided with a first bearing groove on the periphery, and the nozzle body is also provided with a backward nozzle, and the backward nozzle faces the oblique upper side of the end where the liquid inlet is located; The turbine comprises a first central hole and an outer sleeve, wherein the first central hole and the outer sleeve are connected via blades; The rotating body comprises a shell and a cylindrical cavity, a second center hole and a forward nozzle are provided at one end of the shell, the second center hole is coaxially connected with the cylindrical cavity, a second bearing groove corresponding to the first bearing groove is provided at an end of the shell opposite to the end where the second center hole is located, and the second bearing groove is located at the outer periphery of the cylindrical cavity; The central shaft passes through the first central hole and the second central hole in sequence, the end of the central shaft is fixed to the rotating body, and the first bearing groove and the second bearing groove are fixed by bearings; The number of blades in the turbine is set to an odd number, the blade shape is fan-shaped, and the deflection angle of the blade is 40° to 60°; A plurality of protrusions are arranged on the outer wall of the outer sleeve of the turbine, and grooves corresponding to the protrusions are arranged on the outer periphery of the cylindrical cavity of the rotating body, and the protrusions are respectively embedded in the grooves.

2. The rotary self-advancing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of blades in the turbine is set to 5, 7 or 9, and the deflection angle of the blades is 50°.

3. The rotary self-advancing nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The protrusions are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve of the turbine.

4. The rotary self-advancing nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the protrusions is four, and the number of the grooves is correspondingly four.

5. The rotary self-advancing nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The nozzle body is provided with four flow guide ports evenly arranged on the periphery of the central axis; and / or, The outer wall of the nozzle body is provided with a thread at the end where the liquid inlet is located.

6. The rotary self-advancing nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Six backward nozzles are evenly arranged on the nozzle body.

7. The rotary self-advancing spray head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle between the backward nozzle and the axial direction is 20°-40°.

8. The rotary self-advancing spray head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water outlets of the backward nozzles are located on the same cross section of the nozzle body.

9. The rotary self-advancing spray head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A third bearing groove is arranged on the outer periphery of the second center hole of the housing of the rotating body, and the end of the center shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating body via a bearing and a nut.

10. The rotary self-advancing spray head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The angle value of the forward nozzle is: deflected by an angle of α along the central axis of the second center hole to obtain a first imaginary line, the plane where the first imaginary line and the central axis of the second center hole are located is the first plane, the plane perpendicular to the first plane and the intersection of the first imaginary line is the second plane, the first imaginary line is deflected by an angle of β in the second plane to obtain a second imaginary line, and the forward nozzle is opened along the second imaginary line or parallel to the second imaginary line.

11. The rotary self-advancing spray head according to claim 10, characterized in that: α is 15°-50°, and β is 15°-50°.

12. A drilling device, characterized in that: A rotating self-advancing nozzle as described in any one of claims 1 to 11 is installed at one end of the drilling device.

13. Use of the rotary self-advancing nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or the drilling device according to claim 12 in a rock breaking and hole enlarging process.

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