Large vertical self-locking furnace body and industrial furnace with such furnace body

Abstract

The present invention provides a large vertical self-locking furnace body, which is divided into a furnace top, furnace body side walls and a furnace bottom from top to bottom in sequence. Among them, the furnace body side walls are divided into four sections from top to bottom, namely a flue gas chamber expansion section furnace body, a flue gas outlet furnace body, a conical section furnace body and a lower straight section furnace body. The furnace body side walls include a steel outer shell arranged on the outside and a furnace lining structure arranged on the inside. The furnace lining structure includes a heat preservation and isolation layer and a working layer; a self-locking combined structure is adopted on the joint surface between the heat preservation and isolation layer and the working layer to form a self-locking combined furnace lining. The present invention adopts a furnace lining construction concept different from the traditional one, aiming to solve the problem that when building a furnace body with a huge and towering volume, the structure of the furnace body and the furnace lining are reconfigured to eliminate the unsafe factors caused by the huge volume of the furnace body, and to integrate the furnace body side walls to improve the self-balancing ability and disaster resistance of large-scale equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of refractory materials, and particularly relates to a large vertical self-locking furnace body and an industrial furnace having the furnace body. Background Art

[0002] The large sulfuric acid fluidized industrial furnace body is introduced from foreign technologies. During the operation of the furnace body, problems such as the separation of the steel outer shell and the furnace lining, the deformation of the furnace lining, and sulfur leakage generally occur, and in many cases, the furnace lining of the furnace top, flue, and the enlarged section of the flue gas chamber collapses, resulting in sudden shutdowns due to accidents. These situations indicate that there are problems with the self-stability of the furnace body structure.

[0003] The industrial furnace body belongs to a special-shaped building, and also has the functions of a special large industrial furnace kiln and a special large thermal equipment. The external shape characteristics of the furnace body are: the furnace body is a sealed hollow structure composed of two cylinders with different diameters up and down, and a regular cone in the middle connects the two cylinders up and down, forming a "top-large-bottom-small" similar circular "grain bin" shape. The top of the furnace body is arched and covers the upper part of the cylindrical furnace body around; the furnace bottom at the lower part of the furnace body is a circular flat plate, connected to the lower cylindrical furnace body, and supports the self-weight of the entire furnace body and the dynamic load during operation.

[0004] The entire furnace body is separated from the ground and is located on the foundation concrete ring beam or the foundation frame beam. Under the concrete foundation beam, there is a group of high-frame concrete columns that go deep dozens of meters below the ground. Under the high-frame concrete columns, there is a massive concrete pedestal.

[0005] For the structure of the large vertical industrial furnace body, refer to Figure 1a and Figure 1b , which are successively divided into three parts: the furnace top A, the furnace body side wall B, and the furnace bottom C from top to bottom. The external associated equipment of the furnace body is the feeding system and the air supply system at the lower part of the furnace body. The air supply system stabilizes and equalizes the air through a simple buffer device, changes and controls the flow direction and speed of the air, forms a swirling flow to supply air to the furnace body, so as to supply the oxygen required in the furnace body process and generate stirring and material flow kinetic energy for the materials in the furnace body.

[0006] In the industrial furnace body, the furnace top includes five components: the top steel plate cover of the furnace top, the steel support under the furnace top cover, the furnace top insulation layer, the furnace top working layer, and the furnace top arch foot beam. The furnace body side wall includes four continuous components: the enlarged section of the flue gas chamber furnace body B1, the conical section furnace body B2, the lower straight section furnace body B3, and the flue gas outlet B4. The furnace bottom is a metal structure system, and there is a refractory furnace lining on the fire-exposed surface of the furnace.

[0007] For the vertical industrial furnaces with imported foreign technologies that are currently in widespread use and operation, problems such as furnace body offset and flue gas leakage occur after a period of operation. When our country introduced foreign technologies, the furnace bodies were relatively small, and there were omissions and deviations in the design concept of the force-bearing system of the furnace top structure and the design mode of the brick-lined furnace lining. If these problems are not solved, it is impossible to address the issues of furnace body deformation and flue gas leakage during operation. These situations are more prominent in large and tall furnace types and super-large furnace bodies. Currently, the industrial furnaces are generally of ultra-high and super-large sizes. Taking the furnace body for roasting raw materials for electrolytic zinc with an annual output of over 150,000 - 200,000 tons as an example, the height of the furnace body protruding above the ground is about 36 meters, the diameter of the enlarged section of the flue gas chamber at the upper part of the furnace body is more than Φ22 meters, and the weight of the furnace body is nearly 3,000 tons. Without changing the furnace lining design concept, only the furnace top components weighing 600 - 700 tons to maintain the stability of the furnace body will make the furnace body overwhelmed.

[0008] The traditional furnace wall structure is a steel outer shell wrapping the brick-lined furnace lining. The furnace wall structure is in sequence: the steel outer shell of the furnace body, lightweight insulating brick masonry, and heavy-duty refractory masonry. There are four steel support rings at the bottom of the fluidized bed section, the bottom of the cone section, and the bottom of the enlarged section of the flue gas chamber inside the cylindrical steel outer shell, which respectively support the weights of the insulating bricks and refractory brick linings of the three sections. The uppermost steel support ring supports the entire furnace top. In this furnace body force-bearing system, the steel outer shell of the furnace body not only bears the weight of all the refractory furnace linings on the side walls of the furnace body but also bears all the weights including steel components on the furnace top and the oblique thrust of the arched furnace top on the steel outer shell. At high temperatures, the steel outer shell of the furnace body separates due to different expansion rates from the refractory furnace lining, causing the brick-lined furnace lining and the steel outer shell to partially lose their mutual support function. The brick-lined furnace lining becomes loose, deformed, and cracked, resulting in the loss of airtightness of the furnace lining and fire penetration, which increases the temperature of the steel outer shell and reduces its rigidity. This phenomenon is more prominent in the upper part of the furnace body side wall, and the larger the furnace body, the more obvious this manifestation. Moreover, the bad consequences of the separation of the furnace lining on the upper part of the side wall of the enlarged section of the furnace body not only cause the sulfur-containing flue gas in the furnace body to leak but also the load generated by the heavy furnace top on the side wall destroys the mechanical structure stability of the furnace body. In large or super-large industrial furnaces, the weight of the furnace top components is 4 to 5 times the weight of the side wall of the fluidized bed section at the lower part of the furnace body, and the total weight of the furnace lining of the furnace top plus the enlarged section of the flue gas chamber is more than 1.5 times the weight of the cone section plus the fluidized bed section. Such an upper-large-lower-small, top-heavy-bottom-light structure and load-bearing mode not only easily cause the deformation of the furnace wall at the flue gas outlet of the furnace wall and the slippage of the furnace top but also make the lower part of the furnace body side wall, in addition to bearing its own static load, the flow load of the material flow and high wear, also bear the heavy load and inertial torque of the upper furnace body and furnace top, making the furnace lining of the fluidized bed section at the lower part of the furnace body more likely to be damaged.

[0009] To solve the problems of the overall strength and tightness of the furnace lining, the inventor has conducted painstaking research for many years and has successively applied for several patents, including the patent with the application number 01262210.9 and the title of "New Furnace Body Structure of Fluidized Industrial Furnace", the patent with the application number 200710055130.5 and the title of "Refractory Furnace Lining of Fluidized Industrial Furnace in Large Area Tuyere Zone", and the patent with the application number 200710055127.3 and the title of "Spherical Arch Furnace Roof of Fluidized Industrial Furnace and Its Forming Method". These patents focus on solving the problems of strengthening and reinforcing the furnace lining and the integration of the furnace roof of large-scale fluidized bed industrial furnaces, and have not carried out the mechanical structure analysis of this furnace body system and fundamentally solved the problems such as the pushing of the furnace roof on the furnace wall, the decomposition of the furnace roof load on the furnace wall, the separation of the furnace lining, the deformation of the flue, the leakage of flue gas, and the anti-disaster ability during the operation of large and tall furnace bodies. This patent aims to solve the problem of the separation of the refractory furnace lining of the furnace body from the steel outer shell on the furnace lining of large, tall or extra-large industrial furnaces, and solve the problem that the huge and heavy furnace roof causes the upper part of the steel outer shell to expand and deform outward due to the oblique thrust on the upper part of the furnace body, as well as the problems of long-term safe and stable operation of the furnace body and preventing flue gas leakage, so as to integrate the furnace body, make it firm and flexible, improve the anti-disaster ability of the furnace body, and extend the working life of the furnace. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a large and extra-large self-locking industrial furnace body and an industrial furnace with this furnace body, so as to solve the problems of insufficient functionality and stability of existing large and extra-large industrial furnaces, easy occurrence of sulfur leakage, and easy deformation, damage and difficult replacement and repair of the furnace lining. The tall and huge furnace body built by using the present invention will not cause the separation, oscillation and loosening of the furnace body during long-term high-load operation, will not cause the deformation of the furnace wall due to the unbalanced pushing of the heavy furnace roof on the side wall, and will not generate resonance with the process operation frequency during the high-temperature operation of the furnace body, thus improving the anti-disaster ability against emergencies.

[0011] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0012] The large self-locking industrial furnace body is divided into a furnace roof, a furnace body side wall and a furnace bottom from top to bottom. Among them, the furnace body side wall is divided into four sections from top to bottom: the flue gas chamber expansion section furnace body, the flue gas outlet furnace body, the conical section furnace body and the lower straight section furnace body. The furnace body side wall includes a steel outer shell arranged outside and a furnace lining structure arranged inside. The furnace lining structure includes a heat insulation and isolation layer and a working layer; an integrated combined structure that overlaps each other and cannot retreat and separate is adopted on the joint surface between the heat insulation and isolation layer and the working layer to form a self-locking combined furnace lining.

[0013] Preferably, in the self-locking combined furnace lining, metal anchoring members are embedded, which are connected to the steel outer shell of the furnace body, effectively combining the steel outer shell with the self-locking combined furnace lining. The steel outer shell, the thermal insulation and isolation layer, and the refractory concrete working layer form an integrated structure with a sandwich-like strong-weak-strong configuration.

[0014] Preferably, the working layer is a refractory concrete working layer; the thermal insulation and isolation layer is a lightweight porous body, a fiber material, a porous bulk material block, or a layer structure with various shapes fabricated on-site and having a lower thermal conductivity than the refractory concrete working layer.

[0015] Preferably, the furnace lining structure in the high-load and high-wear section of the furnace body is divided into three layers: a thermal insulation and isolation layer, a central refractory support working layer, and a high-strength refractory concrete anti-wear exposed surface working layer.

[0016] Preferably, a high-strength anti-wear porcelain surface working layer is provided at the lower part of the furnace lining structure in the conical section of the furnace body.

[0017] Preferably, a sealing ring is provided at each open hole on the furnace body.

[0018] Preferably, the furnace top is divided into a furnace top working layer, a furnace top thermal insulation layer, furnace top steel support members, a furnace top steel outer shell, and a furnace top lifting beam from bottom to top; the support form for the furnace top is a double-mechanical support structure combining lifting support and suspension support.

[0019] Preferably, the furnace top is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body, and the furnace top appears in the form of a positive pressure on the side wall of the furnace body; a suspension system with the same thermal field is provided on the furnace top to lock the center of the furnace top and assist in suspending and lifting the flat part of the furnace top.

[0020] Preferably, the lifting support is as follows: the furnace top lifting beam is divided by the upper steel outer shell of the furnace body side wall, so that a part of the furnace top and the lifting beam is arranged outside the furnace body side wall and is supported by a second support system arranged outside the furnace body, and the other part of the furnace top lifting beam is arranged at the upper end of the furnace wall of the furnace body side wall, and the furnace top load is jointly borne by the second support system outside the furnace body, the furnace wall of the furnace body side wall, and the steel outer shell of the furnace body side wall.

[0021] Preferably, at the height position of the furnace body steel outer shell corresponding to the furnace top lifting beam, several cutting openings are made in the circumferential direction of the furnace body steel outer shell at the upper part of the furnace body, and the opening positions are evenly distributed on the furnace body steel outer shell corresponding to the corresponding positions of the furnace top lifting beam.

[0022] Preferably, support rings for the lower part of the furnace top lifting beam are installed inside and outside the furnace body steel outer shell at the lower part of the furnace top lifting beam, and stiffening plates are installed under the inner and outer support rings.

[0023] Preferably, metal anchoring members for fixing the furnace top lifting beam are installed inside and outside the furnace body steel outer shell along the corresponding parts of the furnace top lifting beam.

[0024] Preferably, outside the roof lifting beam, at a position surrounding the lifting beam, a special steel outer shell for the roof is further provided; the special steel outer shell for the roof is hermetically connected to the steel outer shell of the furnace body; a support member is further provided at the lower part of the special steel outer shell for the roof.

[0025] Preferably, the suspension support is a suspension system, which is a support system for supporting the trunnion ring from the lower part of the roof lifting beam and covers above the roof; an anchoring member is installed on the suspension system, passes through the roof insulation layer, and is embedded in the castable roof to fix the roof at a preset position.

[0026] The present invention also provides a technical solution:

[0027] A large industrial furnace having the furnace body described in any one of the above.

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] In the large and super-large self-locking industrial furnace of the present invention, improvements are made to the steel outer shell of the furnace body side wall and the lining structure inside it. The steel outer shell, the lining insulation layer and the working layer adopt a sandwich-type strength-matching material, and the strength configuration of the furnace body construction material is strong-weak-strong; on the joint surface between the insulation layer and the working layer, a self-locking combined structure is adopted; in the self-locking combined furnace lining, metal anchoring members are buried, and the metal anchoring members are connected to the steel outer shell of the furnace body, effectively combining the steel outer shell and the self-locking furnace lining, making the side walls of the furnace cylinder hook, rely on and restrain each other to form an integrated body, jointly constituting a double mechanical support system of the external metal member support of the furnace body and the non-metallic furnace lining, so that the side wall of the furnace body forms an integrated combined furnace lining with a compact and stable sandwich double mechanical support structure. Greatly improve the consistency of the overall strength of the furnace body during operation and shutdown, improve the stability and disaster resistance of the furnace body in response to emergencies and the transition process of startup and shutdown, and overcome the traditional furnace body structure defect that due to different expansion characteristics of the furnace lining and the steel outer shell during high-temperature operation, they expand and deform separately, causing the separation of the steel outer shell of the furnace body and the furnace lining and the loss of the overall structural strength of the furnace lining.

[0030] On the vertical side wall of the furnace body of the present invention, the furnace lining of the furnace body is made into one body, making the side wall of the furnace body in the form of a "sandwich" of a high-strength and stable binary double-mechanical furnace body support structure. The steel outer shell of the furnace body and the working layer of the integral castable furnace lining are respectively on two sides of the high-strength furnace body, and the soft and low-strength insulation layer lining is clamped in the middle. Root the anchoring member from the steel outer shell of the furnace body, pass through the insulation layer lining, and be fixed in the working layer of the castable material, so as to "lock" the entire side wall of the furnace body. The "sandwich" integral structure furnace body is a high-strength, highly flexible, stable and thermal shock-resistant, and energy-efficient combined furnace lining mode.

[0031] The present invention adopts a non-separable and retractable self-locking combination structure on the joint surface between the heat insulation and isolation layer and the working layer in the furnace lining of the furnace body, and conducts a "lap joint" combination on the contact surfaces of two different furnace linings. At the combination part, the contact surface area of the two different furnace linings is much larger than the surface area of the non-mutual contact surface on the back of each furnace lining. The "lap joint" combination enables the two different furnace linings to utilize the "interface effect" of the greatly extended contact surface area to support and integrate the stress fields more fully and closely on the "lap joint" surface, and store more heat energy at the lap joint interface, making the furnace body thinner, lighter, heat-insulating and energy-saving.

[0032] In view of the operation characteristics and load distribution of large vertical and towering furnace bodies, the present invention sets furnace linings with different thicknesses and structures to extend the long-term comprehensive operation life of the furnace without maintenance as much as possible, which is beneficial to the operation of the furnace.

[0033] The present invention changes the traditional design concept, mechanical structure configuration and construction mode of the industrial furnace roof, liberates the design of the weight and expansion rate of the furnace roof from the design concept of "must conform to the design capacity of the furnace body side wall", and forms a relationship that "the furnace roof is the furnace roof, the furnace wall is the furnace wall, which can be a mutual combination relationship, a mutual cooperation relationship, or a relationship where the building structures are separated from each other and are combined by technological means or other modes".

[0034] The present invention sets the support structure of the furnace roof directly above the entire furnace body. A part of the upper steel shell of the furnace body side wall is used as a steel structure reinforcement member of the furnace roof lifting beam to enter the furnace roof lifting beam, so that the furnace roof extends outside the furnace body side wall for support. At this time, the furnace roof lifting beam reinforced by the steel shell of the furnace body side wall combines the strength change characteristics of high-strength refractory concrete with the strength characteristics of the steel shell of the furnace body side wall. The furnace roof lifting beam becomes a large integral hoop beam member of steel structure, with the high strength and flexibility of a large steel structure concrete beam, and at the same time has the stability of the high-temperature material structure and the volume stability of large refractory concrete. The furnace roof appears in the form of a positive pressure load on the furnace body side wall. As the furnace roof extends outside the furnace body side wall along with the furnace roof lifting beam, the furnace roof load is hung on both sides of the steel shell of the furnace body side wall and is supported by the support systems of the furnace roof lifting beam respectively. The furnace roof lifting beam is supported by two mechanical structure support systems surrounding and hanging inside and outside the steel shell of the furnace body side wall. The two mechanical structure support systems belong to two mechanical structure systems, and the acting forces and reaction forces on both sides of the steel plate extending into the lifting beam are equal and opposite in direction to achieve the mechanical balance of the lifting beam. When the lifting beam bears unbalanced torque, the vibration and tremor of emergencies, the huge thermal shock energy of rapid cooling and heating, and other disasters inside and outside the furnace, it will quickly be dissipated through the closed circle form of the furnace roof lifting beam, the lifting beams inside and outside the furnace and their support systems, and the entire steel shell of the furnace body side wall throughout the furnace roof and the furnace body side wall.

[0035] At this time, the top of the furnace and the side wall of the furnace body are in a relationship of positive pressure load. The top support beam of the furnace stabilizes the furnace body with a mechanical field that balances the torques on both sides of the steel shell entering the support beam in opposite directions, strengthens the airtight heat preservation performance of the furnace body, and avoids the damage to the upper part of the furnace body caused by the unbalanced pushing load on the inner side surface of the upper part of the side wall of the furnace body by the top of the furnace.

[0036] The present invention provides a self-locking suspension system at the center of the furnace top, enabling the furnace top to have a double mechanical support structure that combines the support of the lower furnace top support and the stable suspension positioning of the upper suspension system, locking the furnace top. The present invention makes the center of gravity of the furnace top coincide with the symmetry center of the furnace top and keeps it on the same straight line as the symmetry center of the furnace body. This not only avoids the slippage of the huge furnace top during the operation of the furnace and the tilting of the furnace body caused by the deviation of the center of gravity of the furnace top from the symmetry center line of the furnace body, but also controls the deflection deformation of the flat part of the furnace top under its own weight, making the furnace have strong disaster resistance during long-term operation.

[0037] The present invention adopts a double mechanical support structure for the furnace top support beam that extends outside the side wall of the furnace body. For the support system of the support beam outside the side wall of the furnace body, it is in the same large thermal field as the furnace body, achieving the purpose of maintaining the synchronous expansion of the furnace body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention and do not unduly limit the present invention. In the drawings:

[0039] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram I of the structure of the roasting furnace body according to the prior art;

[0040] Figure 1b FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram II of the structure of the gas furnace body according to the prior art;

[0041] Figure 2a FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the side wall structure of the furnace body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2b FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the conical section furnace lining structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2c FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram I of the straight section furnace lining structure under the fluidized bed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2d FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram II of the straight section furnace lining structure under the fluidized bed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the L1 part of the furnace body in the enlarged section of the flue gas chamber in FIG. 2;

[0046] Figure 4It is an enlarged view of the L2 part of the conical section furnace body in Figure 2;

[0047] Figure 5 It is an enlarged view of the L3 part of the conical section furnace body in Figure 2;

[0048] Figure 6 It is an enlarged view of the L4 part of the straight section furnace body under the fluidized bed in Figure 2;

[0049] Figure 7 It is Figure 3 an enlarged view of the M part in;

[0050] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the furnace top structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the furnace top structure of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the processing of the steel outer shell of the furnace body side wall of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 11 It is Figure 10 an enlarged view of the N part in.

[0054] In the figure: furnace top A, furnace body side wall B, flue gas chamber enlarged section furnace body B1, furnace body conical section furnace body B2, straight section furnace body under the fluidized bed B3, flue gas outlet B4, furnace bottom fluidized bed air distribution plate C, steel outer shell 101, metal anchor 102, support ring beam 103, support ring 104, thermal insulation and isolation layer 201, central refractory support working layer 202, high-strength refractory concrete anti-abrasion and fire-exposed working layer 203, high-strength anti-abrasion porcelain surface working layer 204, hoop beam 205, sealing ring 206, furnace top working layer 301, furnace top thermal insulation layer 302, furnace top steel outer shell 303, special furnace top steel outer shell 304, furnace top lifting beam 305, cutting opening 306, inner support ring of the lifting beam 3071, outer support ring of the lifting beam 3072, inner support ring stiffening rib plate 3073, outer support ring stiffening rib plate 3074, reinforcement member 308, outer hoop enclosure plate 3081, annular plate 3082, external reinforcement hoop 3083, 309 expansion joint device, lifting system 401, second support system 4011, suspension system 402. Specific embodiments

[0055] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0056] This embodiment provides a furnace body for a large industrial furnace. Refer to Figures 2a - 2d 、 Figures 3 - 11, from top to bottom, it is divided into the furnace top A, the furnace body sidewall B, and the furnace bottom C in sequence. The furnace body sidewall is divided into four sections from top to bottom: the furnace body conical section furnace body B2, the straight section furnace body B3 under the fluidized bed, and the flue gas outlet B4. On the furnace body sidewall B, from the perspective of the properties of the furnace lining structure material and its different process performances on the furnace body, the furnace body sidewall B includes a steel outer shell 101 arranged outside and a furnace lining structure arranged inside; and as the furnace lining, it is defined according to the temperature characteristics of its material, which includes a heat preservation and isolation layer 201 and a working layer; a self-locking combined structure is adopted on the joint surface between the heat preservation and isolation layer 201 and the working layer to form a self-locking combined furnace lining. The self-locking combined structure is an integral self-locking combined structure that overlaps with each other and cannot be retracted and separated. In the self-locking combined furnace lining, metal anchoring members 102 are buried, and the metal anchoring members 102 are connected to the furnace body steel outer shell 101, effectively combining the steel outer shell 101 with the self-locking combined furnace lining. The steel outer shell 101, the heat preservation and isolation layer 201, and the working layer form an integral structure with a strong-weak-strong configuration in a sandwich style. The furnace body sidewall B is connected in series by a metal steel outer shell and a self-locking combined furnace lining with metal members, jointly constituting a dual mechanical support system of the metal members and non-metal members of the furnace body, increasing the overall strength and airtightness of the furnace body, and overcoming the defects of the traditional large / super-large industrial furnace body structure, that is, during the operation of large / super-large vertical high-load industrial furnaces, due to the different expansion characteristics of the steel outer shell and the furnace lining, they expand and deform separately, resulting in separation and the loss of the overall structural strength of the furnace lining.

[0057] Among them, in this embodiment, the working layer is a refractory concrete working layer formed by refractory castables; the heat preservation and isolation layer can be a lightweight porous body, a fiber material, a porous bulk material block, or a layer structure with various shapes made on-site and having a lower thermal conductivity than the refractory concrete working layer. The present invention uses refractory castables to cast the working layer, replacing the traditional masonry working layer, overcoming the defects of the traditional furnace lining being prone to loosening, deformation, and cracking, and achieving better stability and airtightness.

[0058] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the thickness of the furnace lining and the configuration mode of the furnace lining material are set according to the different process functional requirements and load requirements of the furnace body. As shown in Figure 2, the heat preservation and isolation layer 201 of the furnace lining of the conical section furnace body uses lightweight insulating bricks, the central refractory support working layer 202 uses high-aluminum bricks, the high-strength refractory concrete anti-abrasion fire-facing working layer 203 uses high-strength castables, and a high-strength anti-abrasion porcelain surface working layer 204 is added to the lower furnace lining, using high-strength coating materials and anti-abrasion porcelainization layers to reduce the cleaning workload of the ore hanging at the turning part of the furnace lining. Therefore, it is slightly thicker than the upper furnace lining of the conical section, and the hoop beam 205 uses high-strength castables. The straight section furnace lining under the fluidized bed section is the strongest part of the furnace body, such as Figure 2c and Figure 2dAs shown, the thermal insulation and isolation layer 201 of the straight section of the lower part of the fluidized bed furnace lining uses lightweight bricks, the central refractory support working layer 202 uses high-aluminum bricks, and the high-strength refractory concrete abrasion-resistant and fire-exposed working layer 203 uses corundum castable with a slightly thicker thickness; a sealing ring 206 is installed at the isolation ring around the hole. The flue gas expansion section of the furnace body (including the furnace top cavity) is tall, straight, and steep. The surface area and height of the furnace lining are greater than the sum of the cone section and the fluidized bed section, and the upper part bears the heavy furnace top. Therefore, a large area uses a high-strength flexible self-locking closed furnace lining. The furnace lining is provided with a flexible isolation layer, a lightweight insulation layer, and a high-strength castable working layer, and metal anchoring members are used to strengthen the connection between the furnace lining and the steel shell.

[0059] Specifically, as Figures 4 - 7 shown, the furnace lining structure of the high-load and high-abrasion section of the furnace body is divided into three layers: the thermal insulation and isolation layer 201, the central refractory support working layer 202, and the high-strength refractory concrete abrasion-resistant and fire-exposed working layer 203. For example, refer to Figure 6 , the refractory concrete working layer in the furnace lining structure of the straight section of the lower part of the fluidized bed furnace body is composed of the central refractory support working layer 202 and the high-strength refractory concrete abrasion-resistant and fire-exposed working layer 203, making the furnace lining structure of the straight section of the lower part of the fluidized bed furnace body divided into three layers: the thermal insulation and isolation layer 201, the central refractory support working layer 202, and the high-strength refractory concrete abrasion-resistant and fire-exposed working layer 203. The high-strength refractory concrete abrasion-resistant and fire-exposed working layer 203 is on the outside of the central refractory support working layer 202. The mechanical support of the furnace body is mainly supported by the steel shell 101 and the central refractory support working layer 202 behind the high-strength refractory concrete abrasion-resistant and fire-exposed working layer 203.

[0060] Refer to Figure 5 , a high-strength abrasion-resistant porcelain surface working layer 204 is also provided at the lower part of the furnace lining structure of the cone section furnace body. It can enable the process materials to quickly slide over, reduce wear and sticky materials, and prevent ash accumulation and wear of the lower part of the cone section furnace lining, reducing the number of times of ash cleaning and furnace shutdown in the cone section.

[0061] The thermal insulation and isolation layer 201 in the furnace lining structure of the flue gas chamber expansion section of the furnace body is composed of a buffer isolation layer and a lightweight brick insulation layer. The buffer isolation layer and the lightweight brick insulation layer form a composite isolation and insulation layer, making the furnace lining structure of the flue gas chamber expansion section of the furnace body divided into three layers: the buffer isolation layer, the lightweight brick insulation layer, and the refractory concrete working layer.

[0062] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7 , one side of the thermal insulation and isolation layer 201 corresponding to the working layer has an uneven structure, and the working layer is cast on this uneven structure, showing better high-temperature stability.

[0063] Refer to Figure 3 、 5-7. Metal anchoring members 102 are installed between the steel shell 101, the thermal insulation layer 201, and the working layer, using, for example, stainless steel anchors, to tightly bind the various structural layers together. The superior ductility of the steel shell and the high-temperature stability of the refractory concrete layer are perfectly combined, allowing the advantages of the steel shell and the working layer to be combined regardless of the furnace operating conditions. During emergencies and furnace startup and shutdown, the metal characteristics and the inorganic non-metallic refractory material characteristics complement each other, compensating for each other's shortcomings and effectively controlling furnace deformation and smoke leakage.

[0064] In addition, sealing rings, such as stainless steel rings, are installed around the isolation rings around all open openings in the furnace body. For example, these rings are installed around the isolation rings around the cooling pipe installation openings, inlet openings, ignition openings, and material ejection openings in the fluidized bed section of the furnace body, as well as the flue and flue inlet openings in the upper part of the furnace body, and at the top of the upper part of the furnace wall. These rings prevent air from leaking from the furnace plenum along the inner side of the steel shell, potentially causing sulfur leakage from the upper part of the furnace body.

[0065] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a furnace body for a large industrial furnace, see Figures 8 - 11 The furnace top is divided into the furnace top working layer 301, the furnace top insulation layer 302, the furnace top steel support structure and the furnace top steel shell 303, and the furnace top lifting beam 305 from bottom to top. The support form of the furnace top is a dual mechanical support structure that combines lifting support and suspension support. The furnace top is set on the side wall of the furnace body and is not limited by the maximum external dimensions of the furnace body side wall B. The furnace top acts in the form of positive pressure on the furnace body side wall. A suspension system 402 with the same thermal position is set on the furnace top to lock the center of the furnace top and assist in suspending and lifting the flat part of the furnace top. The advantages are: (1) The force structure of the furnace top is changed, and the "large-area diffuse large-area inner side of the furnace body steel shell bears the oblique lateral thrust of the furnace top" is changed to "the furnace wall steel shell bears the force in the vertical direction", making the furnace top load a standard force-bearing method for building components. No matter how large and heavy the furnace top is, it can be handled in accordance with the relevant national architectural design standards. (2) The furnace body shape of "the furnace top protruding outside the furnace wall" is a stable conventional "leakage-proof" shape. (3) The shift of the furnace top center increases the strength of the furnace top support and the stability of the furnace top support.

[0066] See also Figure 8 、 Figure 9The lifting support is a lifting system 401: the furnace roof lifting beam 305 is divided by the upper steel shell 101 of the furnace side wall, so that the furnace roof and a portion of the lifting beam are located outside the furnace side wall and supported by a second support system 4011 located outside the furnace body. The system includes an outer support ring 3072 for the lifting beam outside the furnace body, a supporting rib 3074 for the outer support ring, and a reinforcement member 308. The other portion of the furnace roof lifting beam is located at the upper end of the furnace wall of the furnace body. The second support system outside the furnace body, the inner hearth wall of the furnace body, and the steel shell of the furnace side wall jointly bear the furnace roof load. This transfers part of the furnace roof load to the outside of the furnace body.

[0067] At the height position of the furnace top supporting beam corresponding to the furnace body steel shell, several openings 306 are cut around the furnace body steel shell at the upper part of the furnace body, see Figure 10 The openings are evenly distributed on the furnace steel shell at the corresponding positions of the furnace top supporting beams. For example, the total area of the openings can be set to no more than 50% of the projected area of the furnace top supporting beams on the furnace steel shell.

[0068] See also Figure 9 、 Figure 11 Support rings, such as inner support ring 3071 and outer support ring 3072, are installed at the bottom of the furnace top supporting beam and inside and outside the furnace body steel shell. Ribs, such as inner support ring support rib 3073 and outer support ring support rib 3074, are installed at the bottom of the inner and outer support rings. This reinforces the supporting beam.

[0069] Along the corresponding part of the furnace top lifting beam, metal anchoring components for fixing the furnace top lifting beam are installed inside and outside the furnace steel shell, such as Figure 8 The reinforcement member 308 shown, Figure 9 The outer hoop plate 3081, the annular plate 3082, and the external reinforcement hoop 3083 are shown. Stable lifting beam.

[0070] See also Figure 8 A special steel shell 304 for the furnace top is provided on the outside of the furnace top supporting beam and surrounds the position of the supporting beam; the special steel shell 304 for the furnace top is tightly connected to the furnace body steel shell 101; a support member is also provided at the lower part of the special steel shell for the furnace top, namely, an outer supporting ring 3072 of the supporting beam and an outer supporting ring supporting rib 3074.

[0071] The suspension support is the suspension system 402, which is a support system that originates from the lower part of the furnace top lifting beam to support the trunnion ring and covers above the furnace top. An anchoring member is installed on the suspension system, passes through the furnace top insulation layer, and is embedded in the castable furnace top to suspend and fix the furnace top at a preset position. Specifically, the suspension system 402 includes a suspension component 4021 embedded in the furnace top, and an elastic system 4022 connected to the suspension component 4021. The elastic system 4022 is suspended on a steel frame (not shown in the figure) above. The steel frame can be the existing one on the furnace top or the one built later. When the furnace is operating, the temperature rises above 1000 degrees Celsius, and the furnace top expands upward. The elastic system 4022 loosens and is in a free state without force. When the furnace stops due to process or production maintenance, the temperature drops, and the furnace top cools and shrinks downward. Under this intense contraction force, the elastic system is in a taut state and generates an upward traction force, so that the furnace top slowly moves downward to protect the furnace top. In this embodiment, a lifting support system is arranged around the furnace top to transfer part of the load of the furnace top to the outside of the furnace body, and a suspension system is arranged at the center of the furnace top to form a double mechanical support structure combining lifting support and suspension support. The traditional form of bearing the furnace top load by the inner side of the steel shell is changed to the form of jointly bearing the furnace top load by the furnace body steel structure and the furnace lining, which improves the tolerance of the furnace body to the furnace top load and the safety of the operation of large and extra-large roasting furnaces.

[0072] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to large industrial furnaces, but also applicable to extra-large industrial furnaces.

[0073] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large vertical self-locking furnace body, which is divided into the furnace top, furnace side walls and furnace bottom from top to bottom, characterized by: The side wall of the furnace body includes a steel shell arranged on the outside and a furnace lining structure arranged on the inside, and the furnace lining structure includes a thermal insulation layer and a working layer; The interface between the thermal insulation layer and the working layer adopts an integral composite structure that overlaps and cannot be separated backward to form a self-locking composite furnace lining. The furnace roof is divided into the furnace roof working layer, the furnace roof insulation layer, the furnace roof steel support member and the furnace roof steel shell from bottom to top. The furnace body also includes the furnace roof lifting beam. The support form for the furnace roof is a dual mechanical support structure that combines lifting support and suspension support. The furnace top supporting beam is divided by the upper steel shell of the furnace body side wall, so that the furnace top and a part of the supporting beam are arranged outside the furnace body side wall and supported by a second support system arranged outside the furnace body, including an outer supporting ring of the supporting beam outside the furnace body, a supporting rib plate of the outer supporting ring, and a reinforcing member. The other part of the furnace top supporting beam is arranged at the upper end of the furnace wall of the furnace body side wall. The second supporting system outside the furnace body, the inner fireplace wall of the furnace body, and the steel shell of the furnace body side wall jointly bear the furnace top load. The furnace top exerts positive pressure on the furnace body side wall. A suspension system with the same thermal field is arranged on the furnace top to lock the center of the furnace top and to provide auxiliary suspension and lifting for the flat part of the furnace top; and The suspended support is a suspension system, which includes a suspension component embedded in the furnace roof and an elastic system connected to the suspension component, and the elastic system is suspended on the steel frame above.

2. The large vertical self-locking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the height position of the furnace top lifting beam corresponding to the furnace body steel shell, several openings are cut around the furnace body steel shell on the upper part of the furnace body, and the opening positions are evenly distributed on the furnace body steel shell at the corresponding positions of the furnace top lifting beam.

3. The large vertical self-locking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support ring for the lower part of the furnace top lifting beam is installed at the lower part of the furnace top lifting beam and inside and outside the furnace body steel shell, and a rib plate is installed at the lower part of the inner and outer support rings.

4. The large vertical self-locking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the corresponding position of the furnace top lifting beam, metal anchoring components for fixing the furnace top lifting beam are installed inside and outside the steel shell of the furnace body.

5. The large vertical self-locking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A special steel shell for the furnace top is provided outside the furnace top supporting beam and surrounds the supporting beam; the special steel shell for the furnace top is tightly connected to the furnace body steel shell; a support is also provided at the lower part of the special steel shell for the furnace top.

6. The large vertical self-locking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Anchor components are installed on the suspension system, passed through the furnace roof insulation layer, and embedded in the castable furnace roof to suspend and fix the furnace roof at a preset position.

7. The large vertical self-locking furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A metal anchoring member is embedded in the self-locking combined furnace lining, which is connected to the steel shell of the furnace body, effectively combining the steel shell with the self-locking combined furnace lining. The steel shell, the thermal insulation layer, and the refractory concrete working layer form an integrated structure with a sandwich-type strong-weak-strong configuration.

8. Large industrial furnace, characterized in that, A furnace body according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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