A step thickness calculation method, cylinder head gasket, engine assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and discloses a step thickness calculation method, a cylinder head gasket, an engine assembly and a vehicle. The step thickness calculation method of the cylinder head gasket includes: calculating the degradation coefficient by the formula α=ε*T+ω, and calculating the step thickness by the formula u=α*L; the step thickness is proportional to the length of the support section of the cylinder liner, and the ratio is determined by calculating the degradation coefficient; the degradation coefficient is positively correlated with the engine life, and the degradation factor is multiplied by the engine design life, and the compensation factor is set according to experience as compensation, and the result of multiplying the degradation factor by the engine design life is added to the compensation factor to obtain the value of the degradation coefficient. The calculation method can fully consider the specific model of the engine, the design life and the thickness of the support section of the cylinder liner, so as to obtain a more reliable step thickness design value, avoid the situation where the step thickness is too large or too small, and is convenient for calculation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular to a step thickness calculation method, a cylinder head gasket, an engine assembly and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The cylinder head gasket is arranged between the cylinder head and the cylinder liner to seal and support the cylinder head. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Two typical cylinder head gasket structures in the prior art are shown, and the thickness of each position of the cylinder head gasket is the same. As the cylinder runs, the height difference between the upper end surface of the cylinder liner and the top surface of the engine body will gradually decrease, that is, the protrusion of the cylinder liner will deteriorate, resulting in poor sealing between the cylinder liner and the cylinder head, leaking more high-temperature combustion gas, and then damaging the oil and water sealing rubber rings, causing water backflow, water leakage, oil leakage and other problems.

[0003] In order to compensate for the deterioration of the protrusion of the cylinder liner, a step structure is currently mostly used in the cylinder head. For example, the prior art sets a step structure so that the thickness of the end of the cylinder head gasket close to the cylinder liner is greater than the thickness of the end away from the cylinder liner, that is, a step is formed at both ends to compensate for the deterioration of the protrusion of the cylinder liner. However, the thickness of the step structure is generally determined by experience, and it is easy to have a step thickness that is too large or too small. If the step thickness is too small, it will lead to poor sealing, and if it is too large, the cylinder head gasket will not be able to provide effective support for the cylinder head.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a step thickness calculation method, a cylinder head gasket, an engine assembly and a vehicle to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a step thickness calculation method is provided, which can fully consider the specific model of the engine, the design life and the support section thickness of the cylinder liner to obtain a more reliable step thickness design value.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A step thickness calculation method is used to calculate the step thickness of a cylinder head gasket, wherein one side of the cylinder head gasket abuts against the cylinder head, and the other side abuts against the engine body and the cylinder liner at the same time, the cylinder head gasket has a first end and a second end, the first end is closer to the cylinder liner relative to the second end, the thickness of the first end is greater than the thickness of the second end, and the step thickness is the difference between the two, the cylinder liner has a body section and a support section, the support section is located between the body section and the cylinder head gasket, and the diameter of the support section is greater than the diameter of the body section;

[0008] include:

[0009] Calculate the degradation coefficient. The above degradation coefficient calculation formula is:

[0010] α=ε*T+ω; where α is the degradation coefficient; ε is the degradation factor and is the set value; T is the engine design life; ω is the compensation factor and is the set value;

[0011] Calculate the step thickness. The formula for calculating the step thickness is:

[0012] u=α*L; u is the step thickness; L is the length of the above-mentioned support segment.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, a cylinder head gasket is provided, and the step thickness of the cylinder head gasket is calculated by the step thickness calculation method.

[0014] As a preferred solution of a cylinder head gasket, it includes a first gasket and a first step difference structure, wherein the first step difference structure abuts against an end portion of the first gasket close to the cylinder liner, and the thickness of the first step difference structure is equal to the step difference thickness.

[0015] As a preferred solution of a cylinder head gasket, a plurality of the first gaskets are provided, and the first step structure is provided between any two adjacent first gaskets.

[0016] As a preferred solution of a cylinder head gasket, the first gasket includes a first gasket body and a first corrugated structure protruding from the first gasket body, and the first step structure abuts against the first corrugated structure.

[0017] As a preferred solution of a cylinder head gasket, the first step difference structure comprises a first step difference structure body and a second corrugated structure protruding from the first step difference structure body, and the second corrugated structure abuts against the first gasket.

[0018] As a preferred solution of a cylinder head gasket, the first corrugated structure abuts against the second corrugated structure.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of a cylinder head gasket, it includes a second gasket, a third gasket and a second step difference structure, wherein the second step difference structure abuts against an end portion of the second gasket close to the cylinder liner, and the third gasket is in contact with or spaced apart from an end surface of the second step difference structure away from the cylinder liner, and the thickness of the second step difference structure is equal to the sum of the thickness of the third gasket and the step difference thickness.

[0020] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an engine assembly comprising the above-mentioned cylinder head gasket.

[0021] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, comprising the above engine assembly.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The present invention provides a step thickness calculation method. After the degradation coefficient is calculated by the formula α=ε*T+ω, the step thickness is calculated by the formula u=α*L. Since the step thickness is proportional to the length of the support section of the cylinder liner, the ratio is determined by calculating the degradation coefficient. The degradation coefficient is positively correlated with the engine life. The degradation factor is multiplied by the engine design life, and a compensation factor is set based on experience as compensation. The result of multiplying the degradation factor by the engine design life is added to the compensation factor to obtain the value of the degradation coefficient. The above calculation method can fully consider the specific model of the engine, the design life and the thickness of the support section of the cylinder liner, so as to obtain a more reliable step thickness design value, avoid the situation where the step thickness is too large or too small, and facilitate calculation.

[0024] The present invention also provides a cylinder head gasket, the step thickness of the cylinder head gasket is obtained by the above-mentioned step thickness calculation method, so as to avoid the step thickness being too large or too small.

[0025] The present invention also provides an engine assembly, including the above-mentioned cylinder head gasket, and the step thickness of the cylinder head gasket is more suitable for actual needs; in addition, the present invention also provides a vehicle, including the above-mentioned engine assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cylinder head gasket in the prior art;

[0027] Figure 2 It is another structural schematic diagram of a cylinder head gasket in the prior art;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an engine body and a cylinder liner in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 is a flow chart of a method for calculating step thickness in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cylinder head gasket in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 is another structural schematic diagram of a cylinder head gasket in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is another structural schematic diagram of the cylinder head gasket in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cylinder head gasket in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 is another structural schematic diagram of the cylinder head gasket in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.11 It is another structural schematic diagram of the cylinder head gasket in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.12 This is another structural schematic diagram of the cylinder head gasket in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure:

[0039] 100, engine body; 200, cylinder liner; 201, body section; 202, support section; 2021, limit surface;

[0040] 1. First pad; 11. First pad body; 12. First corrugated structure;

[0041] 2. First step difference structure; 21. First step difference structure body; 22. Second corrugated structure;

[0042] 3. Second pad; 31. Second pad body; 32. Third corrugated structure; 33. Clamping part;

[0043] 4. The third pad;

[0044] 5. Second step difference structure; 51. Second step difference structure body; 52. Fourth corrugated structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0048] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and other directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0049] Embodiment 1

[0050] The cylinder head gasket is set between the cylinder head and the cylinder liner to seal and support the cylinder head, but it is easy to cause poor sealing between the cylinder liner and the cylinder head due to the decrease in the height difference between the upper end surface of the cylinder liner and the top surface of the engine body, that is, the cylinder liner protrusion is deteriorated. In order to compensate for the deterioration of the cylinder liner protrusion, a step structure is currently used in the cylinder head. However, the thickness of the step structure is generally determined by experience, and it is easy for the step thickness to be too large or too small.

[0051] In response to the above problems, this embodiment provides a step thickness calculation method that can fully consider the specific model of the engine, design life and support section thickness of the cylinder liner to obtain a more reliable step thickness design value, which can be used in the field of vehicle technology.

[0052] The step thickness calculation method is used to calculate the step thickness of the cylinder head gasket. Figure 3-Figure 4 Introduce the structure of the engine body and cylinder liner. Figure 3-Figure 4, one side of the cylinder head gasket abuts against the cylinder head, and the other side abuts against the engine body 100 and the cylinder liner 200 at the same time, so as to seal and support the cylinder head. The cylinder head gasket has a first end and a second end, the first end is closer to the cylinder liner 200 relative to the second end, the thickness of the first end is greater than the thickness of the second end, and the above-mentioned step difference thickness is the difference between the two. The cylinder liner 200 has a body section 201 and a support section 202, the support section 202 is located between the body section 201 and the cylinder head gasket, and the diameter of the support section 202 is greater than the diameter of the body section 201; specifically, the support section 202 has a limiting surface 2021 at one end close to the body section 201, and the limiting surface 2021 is used to abut against the engine body to prevent the cylinder liner 200 from moving in a direction away from the cylinder head, thereby limiting the cylinder liner 200. During the operation of the engine, due to the limiting effect of the limiting surface 2021, the part that actually causes the protrusion of the cylinder liner to deteriorate is the support section 202. Therefore, in this embodiment, the length of the support section 202 is mainly considered, that is, Figure 4 The influence of the size of L on the step thickness.

[0053] Figure 5 A flow chart showing the step thickness calculation method in this embodiment is shown. Figure 5 , the step thickness calculation method includes S1-S2.

[0054] S1: Calculate the degradation coefficient.

[0055] The formula for calculating the degradation coefficient is: α = ε * T + ω. Among them, ε is the degradation factor, and it is a set value, which can be obtained through a large number of tests. Generally speaking, different types of cylinders have different degradation factors. Specifically, the degradation factor is affected by factors such as the cylinder diameter and cylinder length of the cylinder. The degradation factor reflects the degree of degradation of the cylinder liner protrusion per unit time. The larger the degradation factor, the more likely the cylinder is to have cylinder liner protrusion degradation. T is the engine design life, which can be directly obtained according to the engine design parameters, or it can be set manually later. The value obtained by multiplying the degradation factor by the engine design life can reflect the degree of degradation of the cylinder liner protrusion of this model of cylinder after the engine design life, but sometimes this value cannot fully meet the actual needs. For example, it is also necessary to consider the influence of factors such as processing accuracy and operating environment. Therefore, a compensation factor ω is also set, and the compensation factor is a set value, generally an empirical value, which can be adjusted manually based on experience. α is the degradation coefficient, which is the output parameter of this calculation step and is used for subsequent calculations. The degradation coefficient represents the degree of degradation of the cylinder of this model after the design life of the engine. The higher the degradation coefficient value, the more likely the cylinder of this model will experience degradation of the cylinder liner protrusion.

[0056] S2: Calculate the step thickness.

[0057] The formula for calculating the step thickness is: u = α * L. Where L is the length of the support section, which is also one of the main factors affecting the deterioration of the cylinder liner protrusion in this embodiment. u is the step thickness, which is the thickness that the step should have in the design.

[0058] The above calculation method can fully consider the specific model of the engine, the design life and the thickness of the support section of the cylinder liner, so as to obtain a more reliable design value of the step thickness, avoid the situation where the step thickness is too large or too small, and facilitate calculation.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] The present embodiment provides a cylinder head gasket, the cylinder head gasket having a first end and a second end, the first end being closer to the cylinder liner 200 relative to the second end, the thickness of the first end being greater than the thickness of the second end, that is, the thickness of the end closer to the cylinder liner 200 is greater than the thickness of the end away from the cylinder liner 200, so as to form a step difference, thereby compensating for the deterioration of the protrusion of the cylinder liner. In addition, the difference between the thickness of the first end and the thickness of the second end is equal to the step difference thickness, that is, the difference between the thickness of the end of the cylinder head gasket closer to the cylinder liner 200 and the thickness of the end away from the cylinder liner 200 is equal to the step difference thickness, and the step difference thickness is calculated by the step difference thickness calculation method as described above, thereby avoiding the step difference thickness being too large or too small.

[0061] In this embodiment, the cylinder head gasket includes a first gasket 1 and a first step difference structure 2. The first step difference structure 2 abuts against an end of the first gasket 1 close to the cylinder liner 200, so that a step difference is formed between an end of the cylinder head gasket close to the cylinder liner 200 and an end away from the cylinder liner 200. The thickness of the first step difference structure 2 is equal to the step difference thickness, that is, in the structure of this embodiment, the step difference can be changed by changing the thickness of the first step difference structure 2.

[0062] Specifically, the cylinder head gasket can be of any of the following structures:

[0063] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cylinder head gasket in this embodiment is shown, referring to Figure 6 There are multiple, specifically two, first gaskets 1, and the first step structure 2 is arranged between the two first gaskets 1, so that the structure of the cylinder head gasket is simple and easy to process and manufacture.

[0064] Optionally, the first gasket 1 includes a first gasket body 11 and a first corrugated structure 12 protruding from the first gasket body 11, wherein the first corrugated structure 12 is as close to the cylinder liner 200 as possible, and the first step structure 2 abuts against the first corrugated structure 12, so that the end of the cylinder head gasket close to the cylinder liner 200 has a certain elasticity, so that the cylinder head gasket can be pressed against the cylinder head and the cylinder liner 200, and at the same time has a rigid first step structure 2 to meet the strength requirements during sealing.

[0065] Figure 7 Another structural schematic diagram of the cylinder head gasket in this embodiment is shown, referring to Figure 7 , there are multiple first pads 1, and the first step difference structure 2 is arranged between any two adjacent first pads 1. In this solution, there are four first pads 1, and the first step difference structure 2 is arranged between the two first pads 1 in the middle. In other solutions, it can also be arranged between any two adjacent first pads 1, which will not be enumerated.

[0066] Optionally, the first corrugated structures 12 of the two first pads 1 located on one side of the first step structure 2 abut against each other, so that the elasticity of the two first corrugated structures 12 is superimposed to further increase the elastic deformation amount thereof.

[0067] Figure 8 Another structural schematic diagram of the cylinder head gasket in this embodiment is shown, referring to Figure 8 In the present embodiment, two first step difference structures 2 are provided, and both first step difference structures 2 include a first step difference structure body 21 and a second corrugated structure 22 protruding from the first step difference structure body 21, wherein the second corrugated structure 22 is as close to the cylinder sleeve 200 as possible, and the second corrugated structure 22 abuts against the first pad 1, that is, the difference between it and the above structure is that an elastic corrugated structure is provided on the first step difference structure 2, and its effect will not be repeated.

[0068] Optionally, the first corrugated structure 12 abuts against the second corrugated structure 22, so that the elasticity of the four corrugated structures is superimposed to further increase the elastic deformation thereof.

[0069] Embodiment 3

[0070] This embodiment provides a cylinder head gasket. Compared with the structure of the cylinder head gasket in the second embodiment, the cylinder head gasket in this embodiment also has a first end thickness greater than a second end thickness. The difference lies in the specific structure for forming the step difference.

[0071] In this embodiment, the cylinder head gasket includes a second gasket 3, a third gasket 4 and a second step difference structure 5. The second step difference structure 5 abuts against one end of the second gasket 3 close to the cylinder liner 200, and the third gasket 4 is in contact with or spaced from the end surface of the second step difference structure 5 away from the cylinder liner. The thickness of the second step difference structure 5 is equal to the sum of the thickness of the third gasket 4 and the step difference thickness. Therefore, for the same second step difference structure 5, it is convenient to adjust the step difference thickness by adjusting the thickness of the third gasket 4.

[0072] Specifically, the cylinder head gasket can be of any of the following structures:

[0073] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cylinder head gasket in this embodiment is shown; Fig. 9 The thickness of the second step difference structure 5 is equal to the sum of the thickness of the third pad 4 and the step difference thickness. Optionally, the second pad 3 includes a second pad body 31 and a third corrugated structure 32 protruding from the second pad body 31, and its function is similar to that of the first corrugated structure 12, which will not be described in detail.

[0074] Fig.10 Another structural schematic diagram of the cylinder head gasket in this embodiment is shown; Fig. 9 In the structure, since the thickness of the second step structure 5 is greater than the thickness of the third pad 4, the third pad 4 is spaced apart from the second pad 3, which may easily cause the third pad 4 to become loose relative to the second pad 3. Fig.10 The second pad body 31 is also provided with a clamping portion 33 , and the clamping portion 33 is pressed tightly against the third pad 4 .

[0075] In addition, the step difference can also be changed by changing the number of the second step difference structure 5 or the third pad 4, such as the following two structures:

[0076] Fig.11 Another structural schematic diagram of the cylinder head gasket in this embodiment is shown; Fig.11 , two second step difference structures 5 are provided, the sum of the thicknesses of the two second step difference structures 5 is greater than the thickness of the third pad 4, and the difference between them is equal to the step difference thickness, and a step difference can also be formed. Optionally, the second pad 3 includes a second pad body 31 and a third corrugated structure 32 convexly arranged on the second pad body 31, the second step difference structure 5 includes a second step difference structure body 51 and a fourth corrugated structure 52 convexly arranged on the second step difference structure body 51, and the third corrugated structure 32 abuts against the fourth corrugated structure 52, so that the elasticity of multiple corrugated structures is superimposed, and the elastic deformation thereof is further increased.

[0077] Fig.12 Another structural schematic diagram of the cylinder head gasket in this embodiment is shown; Fig.12 There are two third pads 4, the thickness of the second step difference structure 5 is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the two third pads 4, and the difference is equal to the step difference thickness, and a step difference can also be formed.

[0078] Embodiment 4

[0079] This embodiment provides an engine assembly, including the above-mentioned cylinder head gasket. The step thickness of the cylinder head gasket is more suitable for actual needs, which can simplify the design of the engine assembly and improve the reliability of the design.

[0080] Embodiment 5

[0081] This embodiment provides a vehicle, including the above-mentioned engine assembly.

[0082] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A step thickness calculation method, used for calculating the step thickness of a cylinder head gasket, wherein one side of the cylinder head gasket abuts against the cylinder head, and the other side abuts against the engine body (100) and the cylinder liner (200) at the same time, the cylinder head gasket has a first end and a second end, the first end is closer to the cylinder liner (200) relative to the second end, the thickness of the first end is greater than the thickness of the second end, and the step thickness is the difference between the two ends, the cylinder liner (200) has a body section (201) and a support section (202), the support section (202) is located between the body section (201) and the cylinder head gasket, and the diameter of the support section (202) is greater than the diameter of the body section (201); It is characterized in that include: The degradation coefficient is calculated, and the formula for calculating the degradation coefficient is: α=ε*T+ω; where α is the degradation coefficient; ε is the degradation factor and is the set value; T is the engine design life; ω is the compensation factor and is the set value; Calculate the step thickness, the formula for calculating the step thickness is: u=α*L; wherein u is the step thickness; and L is the length of the support segment (202).

2. A cylinder head gasket, It is characterized in that The step thickness of the cylinder head gasket is calculated by the step thickness calculation method as claimed in claim 1.

3. The cylinder head gasket according to claim 2, It is characterized in that It comprises a first gasket (1) and a first step difference structure (2), wherein the first step difference structure (2) abuts against an end portion of the first gasket (1) close to the cylinder sleeve (200), and the thickness of the first step difference structure (2) is equal to the step difference thickness.

4. The cylinder head gasket according to claim 3, It is characterized in that A plurality of the first pads (1) are provided, and the first step structure (2) is provided between any two adjacent first pads (1).

5. The cylinder head gasket according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The first pad (1) comprises a first pad body (11) and a first corrugated structure (12) protruding from the first pad body (11), and the first step structure (2) abuts against the first corrugated structure (12).

6. The cylinder head gasket according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The first step difference structure (2) comprises a first step difference structure body (21) and a second corrugated structure (22) protruding from the first step difference structure body (21), and the second corrugated structure (22) abuts against the first pad (1).

7. The cylinder head gasket according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The first corrugated structure (12) abuts against the second corrugated structure (22).

8. The cylinder head gasket according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The invention comprises a second gasket (3), a third gasket (4) and a second step difference structure (5), wherein the second step difference structure (5) abuts against an end portion of the second gasket (3) close to the cylinder liner (200), the third gasket (4) is in contact with or spaced from an end surface of the second step difference structure (5) away from the cylinder liner, and the thickness of the second step difference structure (5) is equal to the sum of the thickness of the third gasket (4) and the step difference thickness.

9. An engine assembly, It is characterized in that Comprising a cylinder head gasket as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 8.

10. A vehicle, It is characterized in that Comprising the engine assembly as claimed in claim 9.

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