A bushing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a bushing, which belongs to the technical field of elastic elements. The bushing comprises: a fixed ring; an adjusting ring arranged inside the fixed ring; and a chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring arranged between the fixed ring and the adjusting ring. The bushing of the present invention can perform transient adjustment on stiffness, and can achieve good protection and vibration reduction and energy absorption effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of elastic elements, and in particular to a bushing. Background Art

[0002] The bushing is a common elastic element in mechanical systems. It is often used as a supporting part of parts to seal, protect parts from wear, and reduce vibration and noise.

[0003] When bushings are used with shafts of parts, interference fit is often used, but this method is not conducive to the installation, maintenance and replacement of bushings. In addition, when protecting parts, bushings are usually subjected to radial mechanical loads, which will cause shape changes. The stiffness of bushings is very important in resisting deformation, consuming impact energy and attenuating vibration.

[0004] However, the stiffness of traditional rubber bushings and metal bushings is basically fixed. When subjected to load impact, it is impossible to adjust the stiffness of the bushing instantaneously. In order to improve the mechanical properties of traditional bushings, designers have designed and studied hydraulic bushings that can adjust stiffness. Usually, a hydraulic system is added inside the rubber bushing. However, due to its high cost and relatively difficult maintenance, it has not been widely promoted and applied. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a bushing, which solves or partially solves the technical problem in the prior art that the bushing cannot perform transient adjustment on the stiffness of the bushing when the bushing is subjected to load impact.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a bushing comprising: a fixing ring; an adjusting ring arranged inside the fixing ring; and a chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring arranged between the fixing ring and the adjusting ring.

[0007] Furthermore, a first groove is formed on the inner side of the fixing ring, and a second groove is formed on the outer side of the adjusting ring; the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring can be embedded in the first groove and the second groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring is composed of M layers of chiral negative Poisson's ratio structures, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0009] Furthermore, each layer of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure is composed of a chiral negative Poisson's ratio cell ring array.

[0010] Furthermore, the chiral negative Poisson's ratio cell includes: a support body; and a plurality of connecting ligaments fixedly connected to the support body, wherein the first ends of the connecting ligaments are tangent to the support body, and the second ends of the connecting ligaments are tangent to the fixing ring or the adjusting ring.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter of the support body of the M-layer chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure gradually decreases along the radial direction of the fixing ring.

[0012] Furthermore, every two adjacent supports of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure are connected by the connecting ligament.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustment ring includes: a fastening ring and a plurality of bearing shells; every two adjacent bearing shells among the plurality of bearing shells are in contact with each other to form a circular basic body; the fastening ring is sleeved on the circular basic body, the fastening ring is cylindrical, and a notch is opened axially on the circumferential surface of the fastening ring.

[0014] Furthermore, a third groove is formed on the outer side of the circular basic body; the fastening ring can be embedded in the third groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the bushing also includes: sealing rings arranged at both ends of the fixing ring.

[0016] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0017] Since the adjustment ring is arranged in the fixed ring, and the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring is arranged between the fixed ring and the adjustment ring, when the adjustment ring or the fixed ring is subjected to a radial load, the load will be transferred to the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring, and the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring will have a negative Poisson's ratio change characteristic. The local stiffness and damping of the force-bearing part of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3 will continue to increase with the increase of the deformation degree, thereby being able to better dissipate the collision energy, and the stiffness can be transiently adjusted, which can achieve a good protection and vibration reduction and energy absorption effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a bushing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing ring of the middle bushing;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring of the middle bushing;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3Schematic diagram of the structure of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio cell of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting ring of the middle bushing;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing shell of the middle adjusting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] See also Figure 1 A bushing provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: a fixing ring 1, an adjusting ring 2 and a chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3.

[0025] The adjusting ring 2 is arranged inside the fixing ring 1 .

[0026] The chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3 is arranged between the fixing ring 1 and the adjusting ring 2 .

[0027] In the specific implementation manner of the present application, since the adjustment ring 2 is arranged in the fixed ring 1, and the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3 is arranged between the fixed ring 1 and the adjustment ring 2, when the adjustment ring 2 or the fixed ring 1 is subjected to a radial load, the load will be transferred to the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3, and the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3 will have a negative Poisson change characteristic. The local stiffness and damping of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3 at the force receiving position will continue to increase with the increase of the deformation degree, thereby being able to better dissipate the collision energy, and the stiffness can be transiently adjusted, which can achieve a good protection and vibration reduction and energy absorption effect.

[0028] The fixing ring 1 and the adjusting ring 2 are concentric to ensure the transmission of the load.

[0029] See also Figure 2 Specifically, a first groove is provided on the inner side of the fixing ring 1, and a second groove is provided on the outer side of the adjusting ring 2. The chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3 can be embedded in the first groove and the second groove. The chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3 is limited by the first groove and the second groove to prevent the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3 from being separated from between the adjusting ring 2 and the fixing ring 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3.

[0030] See also Figure 3 Specifically, the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3 is composed of M layers of chiral negative Poisson's ratio structures 3-1, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0031] When the adjustment ring 2 or the fixed ring 1 is subjected to a radial load, the load will be transferred to the M-layer chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure 3-1, and the M-layer chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure 3-1 will have a negative Poisson's change characteristic. The local stiffness and damping of the M-layer chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure 3-1 at the stress point will continue to increase with the increase in the degree of deformation, thereby being able to better dissipate the collision energy, and the stiffness can be transiently adjusted, which can achieve good protection and vibration reduction and energy absorption effects.

[0032] In this embodiment, since the negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) structure is a new type of material structure, when it is stretched or compressed, it will show a negative change characteristic of Poisson's ratio, that is, when it is stretched in one direction, the negative Poisson's ratio structure will expand laterally within the elastic range; conversely, when it is compressed in one direction, the negative Poisson's ratio structure will shrink laterally. In the process of deformation of the negative Poisson's ratio structure under external load, the local stiffness and damping of the negative Poisson's ratio structure will change nonlinearly. The greater the load, the more the stiffness and damping of the structure will increase. This very unique mechanical property also makes the negative Poisson's ratio structure have better protection performance and vibration reduction and energy absorption effect than traditional materials and structures. Therefore, to a certain extent, the negative Poisson's ratio structure can be used to design elastic elements and vibration reduction elements.

[0033] Specifically, each layer of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure 3-1 is composed of a ring array of chiral negative Poisson's ratio cells 3-11.

[0034] When the adjustment ring 2 or the fixed ring 1 is subjected to a radial load, the load will be transferred to the chiral negative Poisson's ratio cell 3-11 annular array, and the chiral negative Poisson's ratio cell 3-11 annular array will have negative Poisson's change characteristics. The local stiffness and damping of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio cell 3-11 annular array at the force point will continue to increase with the increase in the degree of deformation, thereby being able to better dissipate the collision energy, and the stiffness can be transiently adjusted, which can achieve good protection and vibration reduction and energy absorption effects.

[0035] See also Figure 4 Specifically, the chiral negative Poisson's ratio cell 3-11 includes: a support body 3-111 and a plurality of connecting ligaments 3-112.

[0036] A plurality of connecting ligaments 3-112 are fixedly connected to the support body 3-111, a first end of the connecting ligament 3-112 is tangent to the support body 3-111, and a second end of the connecting ligament 3-112 is tangent to the fixing ring 1 or the adjusting ring 2.

[0037] Among them, the support body 3-111 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, which can reduce weight and save costs.

[0038] When the adjustment ring 2 or the fixing ring 1 is subjected to radial load, the load will be transferred to the connecting ligament 3-112, and the connecting ligament 3-112 will have negative Poisson's change characteristics. The supporting body 3-111 supports the connecting ligament 3-112, and the local stiffness and damping of the force-bearing part of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio cell 3-11 annular array will continue to increase with the increase of deformation degree, thereby being able to better dissipate the collision energy, and the stiffness can be transiently adjusted, which can achieve good protection and vibration reduction and energy absorption effects.

[0039] Specifically, the diameter of the support body 3-111 of the M-layer chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure 3-1 gradually decreases along the radial direction of the fixing ring 1, so that the innermost chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure 3-1 of the M-layer chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure 3-1 can have a good clamping effect, and the outermost chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure 3-1 of the M-layer chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure 3-1 can have a good shock absorption effect. Of course, in other embodiments,

[0040] Specifically, the support bodies 3-111 of every two adjacent chiral negative Poisson's ratio structures 3-1 are connected by connecting ligaments 3-112, which can ensure the transfer of load, so that the local stiffness and damping of the force-bearing part of the annular array of chiral negative Poisson's ratio structures 3-1 will continue to increase with the increase of deformation degree, thereby being able to better dissipate collision energy, and the stiffness can be transiently adjusted, which can achieve good protection and vibration reduction and energy absorption effects.

[0041] The chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure 3-1 is made of any one of spring steel, metal material, alloy material, and high elastic polymer, while the support body 3-111 and the connecting ligament 3-112 are made of the same or different materials.

[0042] See also Figure 5-6 Specifically, the adjustment ring 2 includes: a fastening ring 2-1 and a plurality of bearing shells 2-2.

[0043] Every two adjacent bearing shells 2 - 2 among the plurality of bearing shells 2 - 2 are in abutment with each other to form a circular basic body.

[0044] The fastening ring 2 - 1 is sleeved on the circular basic body. The fastening ring 2 - 1 is cylindrical, and a notch is opened on the circumference of the fastening ring 2 - 1 along the axial direction.

[0045] In this embodiment, when the adjustment ring 2 is matched and connected with the shaft of the part, a plurality of bearings 2-2 together form the initial matching surface of the adjustment ring 2. When the diameter of the matching part shaft is larger than the original size of the matching surface of the adjustment ring 2, under the action of external force, the plurality of bearings 2-2 will expand in size along the radial direction of the adjustment ring 2. While the diameter of the matching surface of the adjustment ring 2 is increased, since its outer surface is also tangentially connected to the connecting ligament 3-112 of the inner ring of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3, the connecting ligament 3-112 will be subjected to the extrusion force from the adjustment ring 2 and deform along the support body 3-111. However, the entire chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3 is an integrated structure, and the extrusion force on the adjustment ring 2 will be finally transmitted to the fixing ring 1 through the outer ring surface of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 2 through the movement and deformation of each chiral negative Poisson's ratio cell 3-11. The outer fixing ring 1 is a rigid structure and will not change in size and shape. Therefore, the fixing ring 1 will generate a reaction force (tightening force) and act on the changed adjusting ring 2 through the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3, thereby achieving a close fit between the adjusting ring 2 and the shaft of the mating part. At this time, the preload force of the entire chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3 will also change accordingly with the change of the radial size of the adjusting ring 2.

[0046] Specifically, a third groove is opened on the outer side of the circular basic body, and the fastening ring 2-1 can be embedded in the third groove, which can prevent the fastening ring 2-1 from detaching from the outer side of the circular basic body and ensure the fastening effect of the fastening ring 2-1 on the circular basic body.

[0047] In this embodiment, the fastening ring 2-1 is made of elastic metal material, which can ensure the stability of fastening the bearing shells 2-2 when the multiple bearing shells 2-2 are expanded or contracted.

[0048] Specifically, the bushing also includes: sealing rings 4 arranged at both ends of the fixing ring 1, which are used to seal the two ends of the fixing ring 1, thereby preventing debris from entering the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3 and affecting the negative Poisson's ratio change characteristics of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3, thereby ensuring the safety of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring 3.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bushing, characterized in that: include: Fixed ring; An adjusting ring, arranged in the fixing ring; A chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring, disposed between the fixing ring and the adjusting ring; The adjusting ring comprises: a fastening ring and a plurality of bearing bushes; Every two adjacent bearing shells in the plurality of bearing shells abut against each other to form a circular basic body; The fastening ring is sleeved on the circular basic body, the fastening ring is cylindrical, and a notch is provided on the peripheral surface of the fastening ring along the axial direction; A third groove is formed on the outer side of the circular basic body; The fastening ring may be embedded in the third groove; The chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring is composed of M layers of chiral negative Poisson's ratio structures, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1; Each layer of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure is composed of a chiral negative Poisson's ratio cell ring array; The chiral negative Poisson's ratio cell comprises: Support body; A plurality of connecting ligaments fixedly connected to the support body, wherein a first end of the connecting ligament is tangent to the support body, and a second end of the connecting ligament is tangent to the fixing ring or the adjusting ring; The diameter of the support body of the M-layer chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure gradually decreases along the radial direction of the fixing ring; The chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure is made of any one of spring steel, metal material, alloy material, and high elastic polymer, and the support body and the connecting ligament are made of the same or different materials; The inner side of the fixing ring is provided with a first groove, and the outer side of the adjusting ring is provided with a second groove; The chiral negative Poisson's ratio elastic ring can be embedded in the first groove and the second groove; Every two adjacent supports of the chiral negative Poisson's ratio structure are connected by the connecting ligament; The bushing also includes sealing rings arranged at both ends of the fixing ring.

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