A vehicle-mounted dual heat source semiconductor power generation device

Abstract

The present invention provides a vehicle-mounted dual-heat-source semiconductor power generation device, which includes a solar heat collection component, a parallel heat transfer component, an exhaust gas heat collection component, and a semiconductor thermoelectric generator. The solar heat collection component is used to collect the heat energy of the sun, the exhaust gas heat collection component is used to collect the heat energy of vehicle exhaust gas, and the parallel heat transfer component is used to transfer the heat energy of the solar heat collection component and / or the heat energy of the exhaust gas heat collection component to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator. The vehicle-mounted dual-heat-source semiconductor power generation device provided by the present invention can extend the time of semiconductor power generation and effectively improve the stability of system power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of thermoelectric power generation, and specifically relates to a vehicle-mounted dual-source semiconductor power generation device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the world economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, cars have become one of the most common means of transportation in China at present. Most of the cars in our country are fuel vehicles, and new energy vehicles have not been fully popularized. The thermal efficiency of the fuel engines of modern cars is generally about 30%. Gasoline combustion will produce a large amount of greenhouse gases, taking away about 40% of the heat. On the one hand, the heat generated by the engine combustion itself is dissipated into the air, causing a huge waste of energy; on the other hand, these a large amount of greenhouse gases are emitted into the air, increasing the temperature of the surrounding environment of the city and bringing a great impact on the environment. The utilization rate of fuel is relatively low, and only 34% - 45% (diesel engine) or 25% - 28% (gasoline engine) can be effectively utilized. Moreover, the source of fuel is mainly the petrochemical industry. Due to the non-renewability of petroleum, the world's proven petroleum reserves currently only enough for humans to exploit for 30 - 40 years. The large consumption of automotive energy will undoubtedly exacerbate the current world energy crisis and thus affect the stable development of the economic society.

[0003] To actively respond to the domestic dual-carbon emission reduction policy and alleviate the above problems, many researchers have found that the thermoelectric power generation technology can be used to improve the utilization efficiency of automotive energy. The thermoelectric power generation technology is a new type of clean energy technology that directly converts heat energy into electrical energy using the Seebeck effect of thermoelectric materials. The thermoelectric generator using the thermoelectric power generation technology has the advantages of simple structure, no moving parts, no pollution, no noise, and long service life. Previously, some researchers have found that the exhaust gas can be used as a semiconductor heat source for power generation to improve the energy utilization efficiency. However, there are still many problems to be solved. For example: 1. The operation is unstable, and power generation can only be carried out when the car starts, and at this time, the semiconductor is not fully utilized in the time dimension. 2. The exhaust gas temperature is unstable, resulting in insufficient utilization of the semiconductor's own performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a vehicle-mounted dual-source semiconductor power generation device, which can extend the time of semiconductor power generation and effectively improve the stability of the system power generation.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted dual heat source semiconductor power generation device, including a solar heat collection component, a parallel heat transfer component, an exhaust gas heat collection component, and a semiconductor thermoelectric generator. The solar heat collection component is used to collect the heat energy of the sun, the exhaust gas heat collection component is used to collect the heat energy of the exhaust gas of a fuel vehicle, and the parallel heat transfer component is used to transfer the heat energy of the solar heat collection component and / or the heat energy of the exhaust gas heat collection component to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator.

[0007] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, when the fuel vehicle is running, the parallel heat transfer component transfers the heat energy of the exhaust gas heat collection component to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator; when the temperature of the exhaust gas heat collection component drops to 70-80 °C, the parallel heat transfer component transfers the heat energy of the solar heat collection component and the heat energy of the exhaust gas heat collection component to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator; when the temperature of the exhaust gas heat collection component drops to 50-60 °C, the parallel heat transfer component transfers the heat energy of the solar heat collection component to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator.

[0008] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the parallel heat transfer component includes a first evaporator, a second evaporator, a condenser, a gas transmission pipe, and a liquid transmission pipe. The outlet of the first evaporator is connected to the inlet of the gas transmission pipe through a first gas outlet pipe, and the second evaporator is connected to the inlet of the gas transmission pipe through a second gas outlet pipe; the outlet of the gas transmission pipe is connected to the inlet of the condenser, and the outlet of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the liquid transmission pipe; the outlet of the liquid transmission pipe is connected to the inlet of the first evaporator through a first liquid inlet pipe, and the outlet of the liquid transmission pipe is connected to the inlet of the second evaporator through a second liquid inlet pipe; a first solenoid valve is provided on the first gas outlet pipe, a second solenoid valve is provided on the second gas outlet pipe, a third solenoid valve is provided on the first liquid inlet pipe, and a fourth solenoid valve is provided on the second liquid inlet pipe; the first evaporator is in contact with the heating surface of the solar heat collection component, the second evaporator is in contact with the heating surface of the exhaust gas heat collection component, and the condenser is in contact with the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator.

[0009] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the solar heat collection component includes a housing with an opening, a transparent cover plate, a heat absorption plate, and a low melting point phase change material. The transparent cover plate is arranged at the opening of the housing, and the heat absorption plate is arranged inside the housing and opposite to the opening; a heat storage cavity is formed between the heat absorption plate and the housing, and the low melting point phase change material is filled in the heat storage cavity.

[0010] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the phase change temperature of the low melting point phase change material is 50-60 °C.

[0011] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the low melting point phase change material is paraffin.

[0012] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas heat collection component includes an exhaust gas transmission pipe, a sealed housing, and a high melting point phase change material. The exhaust gas transmission pipe is arranged on one side of the sealed housing, and the high melting point phase change material is filled in the sealed housing.

[0013] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the phase change temperature of the high melting point phase change material is 250 - 300 °C.

[0014] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the high melting point phase change material is anhydrous sodium chloride, anhydrous magnesium chloride or a mixture of anhydrous sodium chloride and anhydrous magnesium chloride.

[0015] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, it further includes fins and a fan. The fins are arranged at the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator, and the air outlet of the fan faces the fins.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The heat energy of the sun is collected by the solar heat collection component, and the heat energy of the tail gas is collected by the tail gas heat collection component. Both the solar heat collection component and the tail gas heat collection component can serve as the heat source of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator, effectively utilizing the solar energy and the waste heat of the tail gas, and realizing the persistent and stable power generation of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator. Compared with the traditional solar heat source semiconductor thermoelectric power generation system, the waste heat of the tail gas and the solar heat are utilized simultaneously, greatly increasing the power generation power of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator.

[0018] (2) According to different operating conditions of the vehicle, the parallel heat transfer component can be used to realize the switching of three heating modes: when the vehicle is running normally, the single heat source heating mode of the tail gas is adopted; when the heat energy of the tail gas is insufficient after the vehicle stops running, it is switched to the dual heat source heating mode; after the dual heat source heating mode works for a period of time, the tail gas heat source heating is stopped and switched to the single heat source heating mode of the solar energy. Through the switching heating of the two heat sources, the power generation time of the semiconductor can be extended, and the stability of the system power generation is effectively improved.

[0019] (3) The low melting point phase change material is filled in the solar heat collection component, and the high melting point phase change material is filled in the tail gas heat collection component, which are respectively used to store the collected solar heat and the heat of the vehicle tail gas. Utilizing the characteristic that the temperature change of the phase change material is slow, the problems that the tail gas heat source disappears immediately after the vehicle stops and the tail gas discharge is unstable can be effectively solved, the heat supply time is extended, and the stability of the system power generation is improved. Description of the Drawings

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the following described drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle-mounted dual-heat-source semiconductor power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first evaporator in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1 is a solar heat collection component, 11 is a transparent cover plate, 12 is a heat absorption plate, 13 is a housing, 14 is a low-melting-point phase change material, 2 is a parallel heat transfer component, 21 is a first evaporator, 22 is a second evaporator, 23 is a condenser, 24 is a gas transmission pipe, 25 is a liquid transmission pipe, 26 is a first solenoid valve, 27 is a second solenoid valve, 28 is a third solenoid valve, 29 is a fourth solenoid valve, 3 is an exhaust gas heat collection component, 31 is an exhaust gas transmission pipe, 32 is a sealed housing, 33 is a high-melting-point phase change material, 4 is a semiconductor thermoelectric generator, 5 is a fin, 6 is a fan, and 7 is a storage battery. Specific embodiments

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. It should be understood that in all the drawings, corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding components and features.

[0026] An embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted dual-heat-source semiconductor power generation device, as Figure 1 shown, including a solar heat collection component 1, a parallel heat transfer component 2, an exhaust gas heat collection component 3, and a semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4. Among them, the solar heat collection component 1 is used to collect the heat energy of the sun, the exhaust gas heat collection component 3 is used to collect the heat energy of the exhaust gas of a fuel vehicle, and the parallel heat transfer component 2 is used to transfer the heat energy of the solar heat collection component 1 and / or the heat energy of the exhaust gas heat collection component 3 to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4. The semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4 is connected to the charging port of the storage battery 7, and the electric energy generated by the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4 is stored in the storage battery 7, which can meet part of the in-vehicle power supply demand and reduce the energy consumption of the vehicle.

[0027] When the fuel vehicle is running, the parallel heat transfer component 2 transfers the heat energy of the exhaust gas heat collection component 3 to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4. When the temperature of the exhaust gas heat collection component 3 drops to 70-80°C, the parallel heat transfer component 2 transfers the heat energy of the solar heat collection component 1 and the heat energy of the exhaust gas heat collection component 3 to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4. When the temperature of the exhaust gas heat collection component 3 drops to 50-60°C, the parallel heat transfer component 2 transfers the heat energy of the solar heat collection component 1 to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4.

[0028] The vehicle-mounted dual-heat-source semiconductor power generation device of this embodiment collects the heat energy of the sun through the solar heat collection component 1 and collects the heat energy of the exhaust gas of a fuel vehicle through the exhaust gas heat collection component 3. Both the solar heat collection component 1 and the exhaust gas heat collection component 3 can serve as the heat sources of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4, effectively utilizing solar energy and waste heat of the exhaust gas to achieve persistent and stable power generation of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator. Compared with the traditional solar heat source thermoelectric power generation system, the simultaneous utilization of exhaust gas heat energy and solar heat energy greatly increases the power generation power of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator. The parallel heat transfer component 2 is used to switch between the two heat sources, realizing three heating modes: when the fuel vehicle is running normally, it adopts the single heat source heating mode of the exhaust gas; when the exhaust gas heat energy is insufficient after the vehicle stops running, it switches to the dual heat source heating mode; after the dual heat source heating mode works for a period of time, the exhaust gas heat source heating is stopped and it switches to the single heat source heating mode of solar energy. By switching between the three heating modes and cooperating with the two heat sources for heating, the time of semiconductor power generation can be extended, effectively improving the stability of system power generation.

[0029] Among them, preferably, as Figure 1 shown, the parallel heat transfer component 2 includes a first evaporator 21, a second evaporator 22, a condenser 23, a gas transmission pipe 24 and a liquid transmission pipe 25. The outlet of the first evaporator 21 is connected to the inlet of the gas transmission pipe 24 through a first gas outlet pipe, and the outlet of the second evaporator 22 is connected to the inlet of the gas transmission pipe 24 through a second gas outlet pipe. The outlet of the gas transmission pipe 24 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 23, and the outlet of the condenser 23 is connected to the inlet of the liquid transmission pipe 25. The outlet of the liquid transmission pipe 25 is connected to the inlet of the first evaporator 21 through a first liquid inlet pipe, and the outlet of the liquid transmission pipe 25 is connected to the inlet of the second evaporator 22 through a second liquid inlet pipe. A first solenoid valve 26 is provided on the first gas outlet pipe, a second solenoid valve 27 is provided on the second gas outlet pipe, a third solenoid valve 28 is provided on the first liquid inlet pipe, and a fourth solenoid valve 29 is provided on the second liquid inlet pipe. The first evaporator 21 is in contact with the heating surface of the solar heat collection component 1, the second evaporator 22 is in contact with the heating surface of the exhaust gas heat collection component 3, and the condenser 23 is in contact with the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4.

[0030] In this preferred embodiment, by closing the first solenoid valve 26 and the third solenoid valve 28 and opening the second solenoid valve 27 and the fourth solenoid valve 29, the single heat source heating mode of the exhaust gas can be operated. The heat transfer working fluid in the second evaporator 22 absorbs the heat of the exhaust gas heat collection component and becomes gaseous. The gaseous heat transfer working fluid enters the gas transmission pipe 24 through the second solenoid valve 27, and then enters the condenser 23 through the gas transmission pipe 24. The heat transfer working fluid liquefies in the condenser 23 and releases heat to the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4, and the heat transfer working fluid in the liquid state flows back into the second evaporator 22 through the liquid transmission pipe 25 and the fourth solenoid valve 29, and circulates in this way.

[0031] Open the first solenoid valve 26, the third solenoid valve 28, the second solenoid valve 27 and the fourth solenoid valve 29, and the dual heat source heating mode can be operated. The heat transfer medium in the first evaporator 21 absorbs the heat of the solar heat collection component and turns into a gas state. The gaseous heat transfer medium enters the gas transmission pipe 24 after passing through the first solenoid valve 26. The heat transfer medium in the second evaporator 22 absorbs the heat of the tail gas heat collection component and turns into a gas state. The gaseous heat transfer medium enters the gas transmission pipe 24 after passing through the second solenoid valve 27. The heat transfer medium then enters the condenser 23 through the gas transmission pipe 24. The heat transfer medium liquefies in the condenser 23 and releases heat to the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4, and the heat transfer medium in the liquid state flows back to the first evaporator 21 through the third solenoid valve 28 and the liquid transmission pipe 25 respectively, and flows back to the second evaporator 22 through the fourth solenoid valve 29, and circulates in this way.

[0032] Open the first solenoid valve 26 and the third solenoid valve 28, and close the second solenoid valve 27 and the fourth solenoid valve 29, and the solar single heat source heating mode can be operated. The heat transfer medium in the first evaporator 21 absorbs the heat of the solar heat collection component and turns into a gas state. The gaseous heat transfer medium enters the gas transmission pipe 24 after passing through the first solenoid valve 26, and then enters the condenser 23 through the gas transmission pipe 24. The heat transfer medium liquefies in the condenser 23 and releases heat to the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4, and the heat transfer medium in the liquid state flows back to the first evaporator 21 through the third solenoid valve 28 and the liquid transmission pipe 25, and circulates in this way.

[0033] In this preferred embodiment, the first evaporator 21, the second evaporator 22, the condenser 23, the gas transmission pipe 24 and the liquid transmission pipe 25 can be reused in the three heating modes. Only by adjusting the first solenoid valve 26, the second solenoid valve 27, the third solenoid valve 28 and the fourth solenoid valve 29, the switching of the three heating modes can be carried out. The structure is small and the control is simple. At the same time, in the single heat source heating mode with one heat source, the heat flow to the other heat source can be effectively prevented, the heat loss of the heat source can be reduced, and the utilization rate of the heat source can be improved.

[0034] Further preferably, as Figure 2 shown, the first evaporator 21, the second evaporator 22 and the condenser 23 all adopt microchannel heat exchangers. A plurality of microchannels are provided in the microchannel heat exchanger. After the heat transfer medium enters the heat exchanger, it can fully absorb heat or release heat, and the heat transfer efficiency and stability are improved. And the microchannels are arranged horizontally, reducing the pressure drop of the heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger, ensuring the stable flow of the heat transfer medium while reducing the heat loss.

[0035] As a preferred example, the solar heat collection assembly 1 includes a housing 13 with an opening, a transparent cover plate 11, a heat absorption plate 12 with a heat absorption coating on its surface, and a low melting point phase change material 14. The transparent cover plate 11 is arranged at the opening of the housing 13, and the heat absorption plate 12 is arranged inside the housing 13 and opposite to the opening. A heat storage cavity is formed between the heat absorption plate 12 and the housing, and the low melting point phase change material 14 is filled in the heat storage cavity. Preferably, heat insulation layers are provided on the other four sides of the housing 13 except for the side with the transparent cover plate 11 and the heat generating surface, which can prevent the loss of the absorbed and stored thermal energy and improve the energy storage effect. Preferably, the solar heat collection assembly 1 is installed under the car sunroof, at the position in the vehicle body where the solar heat can be absorbed most, which improves the collection rate of solar energy.

[0036] In the solar heat collection assembly of this preferred embodiment, sunlight passes through the transparent cover plate 11 and shines on the heat absorption plate 12. The heat absorption plate 12 gathers solar thermal energy and transfers the thermal energy to the low melting point phase change material 14 located in the heat storage cavity. The liquid low melting point phase change material 14 absorbs heat and its temperature gradually rises, and gradually vaporizes, thereby storing the solar thermal energy. When the solar single heat source heating mode or the dual heat source heating mode is adopted, the vaporized low melting point phase change material 14 gradually releases thermal energy to the heat transfer working medium in the first evaporator 21, its temperature gradually decreases, and gradually liquefies. In this preferred embodiment, a low melting point phase change material is filled in the solar heat collection assembly to store the collected solar heat. Utilizing the characteristic that the temperature of the phase change material changes slowly, the time of solar heat supply is extended, and the power generation time is extended.

[0037] Further preferably, the phase change temperature of the low melting point phase change material 14 is 50 - 60 °C, which is close to the solar thermal energy temperature. When the temperature in the solar heat collection assembly reaches 50 - 60 °C, the liquid low melting point phase change material gradually vaporizes for energy storage. In this preferred embodiment, the low melting point phase change material 14 is paraffin, which is environmentally friendly, non-toxic, has good cycle stability and strong thermal conductivity, improving the safety and stability of heat supply.

[0038] As a preferred example, the exhaust gas heat collection assembly 3 includes an exhaust gas delivery pipe 31, a sealed housing 32, and a high melting point phase change material 33. The exhaust gas delivery pipe 31 is arranged on one side of the sealed housing 32, and the high melting point phase change material 33 is filled in the sealed housing 32. Preferably, heat insulation layers are provided on the other four sides of the sealed housing 32 except for the side connected to the exhaust gas delivery pipe 31 and the heat generating surface, which can prevent the loss of the absorbed and stored thermal energy and improve the energy storage effect. Preferably, the exhaust gas heat collection assembly is installed outside the car rear exhaust pipe, between the catalytic reactor and the muffler in the exhaust system. It neither affects the normal progress of the catalytic reaction of the catalytic converter nor reduces the temperature of the exhaust gas flow entering the muffler, so that the exhaust gas flow pressure is reduced, thereby reducing the overall vehicle noise level.

[0039] In the exhaust gas heat collection component 3 of this preferred embodiment, the vehicle exhaust gas output from the catalytic reactor of the exhaust system flows into the muffler through the exhaust gas delivery pipe 31. When the exhaust gas at about 300 °C flows in the exhaust gas delivery pipe 31, it transfers heat energy to the high melting point phase change material 33 located in the sealed housing. The liquid high melting point phase change material 33 absorbs heat and its temperature gradually rises, and it gradually vaporizes, thereby storing the exhaust gas heat energy. When the single exhaust gas heat source heating mode or the dual heat source heating mode is adopted, the vaporized high melting point phase change material 33 gradually releases heat energy to the heat transfer working medium in the second evaporator 22, its temperature gradually decreases, and it gradually liquefies. In this preferred embodiment, a high melting point phase change material is filled in the exhaust gas heat collection component to store the collected exhaust gas heat. Utilizing the characteristic that the temperature of the phase change material changes slowly, it prolongs the time of exhaust gas heat supply and prolongs the power generation time.

[0040] Further preferably, the phase change temperature of the high melting point phase change material 33 is 250 - 300 °C, which is close to the exhaust gas temperature. When the temperature in the exhaust gas heat collection component reaches 250 - 300 °C, the liquid high melting point phase change material gradually vaporizes for energy storage. In this preferred embodiment, the high melting point phase change material 33 is anhydrous sodium chloride, anhydrous magnesium chloride or a mixture of anhydrous sodium chloride and anhydrous magnesium chloride, which is environmentally friendly, non-toxic, has good cycle stability and strong thermal conductivity, improving the safety and stability of heat supply.

[0041] As a preferred example, the vehicle-mounted dual heat source semiconductor power generation device of this preferred embodiment further includes fins 5 and a fan 6. The fins 5 are arranged at the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4, and the blowing port of the fan 6 faces the fins 5. When the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4 works, the fan 6 works simultaneously. The fins 5 are used to increase the contact area between the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4 and the ambient air, and the fan is used to accelerate the ambient air circulation, accelerate the heat dissipation of the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4, and improve the power generation efficiency.

[0042] The vehicle-mounted dual heat source semiconductor power generation device of the above preferred embodiment is installed on a fuel vehicle, and its working process is as follows:

[0043] Sunlight passes through the transparent cover plate 11 and shines on the heat absorption plate 12. The heat absorption plate 12 collects solar heat energy and transfers the heat energy to the low melting point phase change material 14 located in the heat storage cavity. The liquid low melting point phase change material 14 absorbs heat and its temperature gradually rises. When the temperature reaches 50 - 60 °C, the liquid low melting point phase change material vaporizes, thereby storing the solar heat energy.

[0044] When the fuel vehicle is not started, the first solenoid valve 26 and the third solenoid valve 28 are opened, the second solenoid valve 27 and the fourth solenoid valve 29 are closed, and the solar single heat source heating mode is run. The heat transfer working fluid in the first evaporator 21 absorbs the heat of the solar heat collection assembly and turns into a gas. The gaseous heat transfer working fluid enters the gas transmission pipe 24 after passing through the first solenoid valve 26, and then enters the condenser 23 through the gas transmission pipe 24. The heat transfer working fluid liquefies in the condenser 23 and releases heat to the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4. The heat transfer working fluid that has become liquid flows back into the first evaporator 21 through the third solenoid valve 28 via the liquid transmission pipe 25. The heat transfer working fluid circulates in the first evaporator 21, the gas transmission pipe 24, the condenser 23 and the liquid transmission pipe 25, transferring the heat in the solar heat collection assembly to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4. After absorbing heat, the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4 generates electricity, and the generated electric energy is stored in the storage battery 7.

[0045] When the fuel vehicle is running normally after starting, when the high-temperature exhaust gas flows in the exhaust gas transmission pipe 31, it transfers heat energy to the high-melting-point phase change material 33 located in the sealed housing. The temperature of the liquid high-melting-point phase change material 33 gradually rises as it absorbs heat. When the temperature reaches 250 - 300 °C, the high-melting-point phase change material 33 vaporizes, thus storing the exhaust gas heat energy. The first solenoid valve 26 and the third solenoid valve 28 are closed, the second solenoid valve 27 and the fourth solenoid valve 29 are opened, and the exhaust gas single heat source heating mode is run. The heat transfer working fluid in the second evaporator 22 absorbs the heat of the exhaust gas heat collection assembly and turns into a gas. The gaseous heat transfer working fluid enters the gas transmission pipe 24 after passing through the second solenoid valve 27, and then enters the condenser 23 through the gas transmission pipe 24. The heat transfer working fluid liquefies in the condenser 23 and releases heat to the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4. The heat transfer working fluid that has become liquid flows back into the second evaporator 22 through the fourth solenoid valve 29 via the liquid transmission pipe 25. The heat transfer working fluid circulates in the second evaporator 22, the gas transmission pipe 24, the condenser 23 and the liquid transmission pipe 25, transferring the heat in the exhaust gas heat collection assembly to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4 in a cycle. After absorbing heat, the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4 generates electricity, and the generated electric energy is stored in the storage battery 7. The vaporized high-melting-point phase change material 33 gradually releases heat energy to the heat transfer working fluid in the second evaporator 22, the temperature gradually decreases, and it gradually liquefies.

[0046] After the fuel vehicle stops running for a period of time, when the temperature of the high-melting-point phase change material drops to 70°C to 80°C, open the first solenoid valve 26, the third solenoid valve 28, the second solenoid valve 27, and the fourth solenoid valve 29 to operate the dual heat source heating mode. The heat transfer working fluid in the first evaporator 21 absorbs the heat of the solar heat collection component and becomes gaseous. The gaseous heat transfer working fluid enters the gas transmission pipe 24 after passing through the first solenoid valve 26. The heat transfer working fluid in the second evaporator 22 absorbs the heat of the tail gas heat collection component and becomes gaseous. The gaseous heat transfer working fluid enters the gas transmission pipe 24 after passing through the second solenoid valve 27. The heat transfer working fluid then enters the condenser 23 through the gas transmission pipe 24. The heat transfer working fluid liquefies in the condenser 23 and releases heat to the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4. The liquefied heat transfer working fluid flows back into the first evaporator 21 through the third solenoid valve 28 and back into the second evaporator 22 through the fourth solenoid valve 29 through the liquid transmission pipe 25, and circulates in this way.

[0047] After the dual heat source working mode runs for a period of time, when the temperature of the high-melting-point phase change material drops to 50°C to 60°C, open the first solenoid valve 26 and the third solenoid valve 28, and close the second solenoid valve 27 and the fourth solenoid valve 29 to operate the solar single heat source heating mode. The heat transfer working fluid circulates in the first evaporator 21, the gas transmission pipe 24, the condenser 23, and the liquid transmission pipe 25, transferring the heat in the solar heat collection component to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4. After absorbing heat, the semiconductor thermoelectric generator 4 generates electricity, and the generated electric energy is stored in the storage battery 7.

[0048] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only for further explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted dual heat source semiconductor power generation device, characterized in that It includes a solar heat collection component (1), a parallel heat transfer component (2), an exhaust gas heat collection component (3) and a semiconductor thermoelectric generator (4). The solar heat collection component (1) is used to collect the heat energy of the sun. The exhaust gas heat collection component (3) is used to collect the heat energy of the exhaust gas of a fuel vehicle. The parallel heat transfer component (2) is used to transfer the heat energy of the solar heat collection component (1) and / or the heat energy of the exhaust gas heat collection component (3) to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (4). When the fuel vehicle is running, the parallel heat transfer component (2) transfers the heat energy of the exhaust gas heat collection component (3) to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (4). When the temperature of the exhaust gas heat collection component (3) drops to 70 - 80 °C, the parallel heat transfer component (2) transfers the heat energy of the solar heat collection component (1) and the heat energy of the exhaust gas heat collection component (3) to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (4). When the temperature of the exhaust gas heat collection component (3) drops to 50 - 60 °C, the parallel heat transfer component (2) transfers the heat energy of the solar heat collection component (1) to the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (4). The solar heat collection component (1) includes a housing (13) with an opening, a transparent cover plate (11), a heat absorption plate (12) and a low melting point phase change material (14). The transparent cover plate (11) is arranged at the opening of the housing (13). The heat absorption plate (12) is arranged inside the housing (13) and opposite to the opening. A heat storage cavity is formed between the heat absorption plate (12) and the housing, and the low melting point phase change material (14) is filled in the heat storage cavity. The phase change temperature of the low melting point phase change material (14) is 50 - 60 °C. The exhaust gas heat collection component (3) includes an exhaust gas delivery pipe (31), a sealed housing (32) and a high melting point phase change material (33). The exhaust gas delivery pipe (31) is arranged on one side of the sealed housing (32), and the high melting point phase change material (33) is filled in the sealed housing (32). The phase change temperature of the high melting point phase change material (33) is 250 - 300 °C.

2. The vehicle-mounted dual heat source semiconductor power generation device according to claim 1, wherein The parallel heat transfer component (2) includes a first evaporator (21), a second evaporator (22), a condenser (23), a gas delivery pipe (24) and a liquid delivery pipe (25). The outlet of the first evaporator (21) is communicated with the inlet of the gas delivery pipe (24) through a first gas outlet pipe. The second evaporator (22) is communicated with the inlet of the gas delivery pipe (24) through a second gas outlet pipe. The outlet of the gas delivery pipe (24) is communicated with the inlet of the condenser (23). The outlet of the condenser (23) is communicated with the inlet of the liquid delivery pipe (25). The outlet of the liquid delivery pipe (25) is communicated with the inlet of the first evaporator (21) through a first liquid inlet pipe, and the outlet of the liquid delivery pipe (25) is communicated with the inlet of the second evaporator (22) through a second liquid inlet pipe. A first solenoid valve (26) is arranged on the first gas outlet pipe, a second solenoid valve (27) is arranged on the second gas outlet pipe, a third solenoid valve (28) is arranged on the first liquid inlet pipe, and a fourth solenoid valve (29) is arranged on the second liquid inlet pipe. The first evaporator (21) is in contact with the heat generating surface of the solar heat collection component (1), the second evaporator (22) is in contact with the heat generating surface of the exhaust gas heat collection component (3), and the condenser (23) is in contact with the hot end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (4).

3. The vehicle-mounted dual heat source semiconductor power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low melting point phase change material (14) is paraffin wax.

4. The vehicle-mounted dual heat source semiconductor power generation device according to claim 1, wherein The high melting point phase change material (33) is anhydrous sodium chloride, anhydrous magnesium chloride or a mixture of anhydrous sodium chloride and anhydrous magnesium chloride.

5. The vehicle-mounted dual heat source semiconductor power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes fins (5) and a fan (6). The fins (5) are arranged at the cold end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generator (4), and the air outlet of the fan (6) faces the fins (5).

Images