Antennas and electronics

Abstract

The present invention provides an antenna and an electronic device, comprising: a first metal body (10), a second metal body (20) and a feeding component (30), wherein the first metal body (10) is cylindrical and has two non-closed ends; the second metal body (20) is cylindrical and has two non-closed ends; the first metal body (10) and the second metal body (20) are arranged at intervals so that a gap (1) is formed between the first metal body (10) and the second metal body (20); the feeding component (30) connects the first metal body (10) and the second metal body (20) and is used to feed the first metal body (10) and the second metal body (20). The antenna of the embodiment of the present invention forms a gap between the first metal body and the second metal body, which is narrow in the middle and wide on both sides, so that the impedance bandwidth and gain bandwidth of the antenna are wider, the lowest frequency and the highest frequency in the impedance bandwidth have a three-fold difference, and there is no gain depression.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communications, and in particular to an antenna and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, more frequency bands are applied to the communication field, the coverage range and places of wireless signals are more comprehensive, and wireless communication equipment is more compact and beautiful, thus, higher requirements are put forward for antennas: wide bandwidth, omnidirectional coverage, and small size. The dipole antenna is a typical omnidirectional antenna with wide application, good omnidirectionality, and simple structure, but its disadvantages are narrow gain bandwidth, gain depression in certain frequency bands, and large size of dipole antenna. In short, it is not suitable for current broadband and product miniaturization applications.

[0003] Most existing omnidirectional antennas use rotational symmetry in their structures to make their radiation characteristics similar in all directions, for example, by using multiple antenna units to rotate and arrange around a center point. This method can make the antenna achieve good omnidirectional radiation performance, but the size is large.

[0004] The omnidirectionality of small-sized antennas in related technologies is not ideal, and the gain fluctuations in different directions are large. It can be seen that in the current technology and application background, it is of great significance to make a single antenna simultaneously achieve the advantages of wide gain bandwidth, excellent omnidirectionality, and compact size. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a broadband, high-roundness, compact omnidirectional antenna structure design.

[0006] The antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0007] A first metal body, the first metal body is cylindrical and has two ends that are not closed;

[0008] a second metal body, wherein the second metal body is cylindrical and has two ends that are not closed, and the first metal body and the second metal body are spaced apart from each other so that a gap is formed between the first metal body and the second metal body; and

[0009] A feeding component is connected to the first metal body and the second metal body, and is used to feed power to the first metal body and the second metal body.

[0010] The antenna of the embodiment of the present invention forms a gap between the first metal body and the second metal body, so that the impedance bandwidth and gain bandwidth of the antenna are wider, the lowest frequency and the highest frequency in the impedance bandwidth are three times different, and there is no gain notch.

[0011] Optionally, the polarization direction of the first metal body is parallel to or coaxial with the polarization direction of the second metal body.

[0012] Optionally, the first metal body and the second metal body are symmetrically distributed in structure, and / or,

[0013] The first metal body and / or the second metal body has a symmetrical structure.

[0014] Optionally, the projection of the antenna along the polarization direction is a circle, an ellipse, a regular polygon or an H-shape.

[0015] Optionally, the antenna further includes a connecting portion, one end of the connecting portion is connected to the first metal body, and the other end is connected to the second metal body, the connecting portion is integrally formed with the first metal body and the second metal body, and the gap at least partially surrounds the connecting portion.

[0016] Optionally, two opposite sides of the first metal body are recessed inwards, so that the barrel cavity of the first metal body is H-shaped;

[0017] Two opposite sides of the second metal body are recessed inwards, so that the barrel cavity of the second metal body is in an H shape.

[0018] Optionally, the antenna further includes a connecting portion, one end of which is connected to the recessed position of the first metal body, and the other end of which is connected to the recessed position of the second metal body.

[0019] Optionally, the gap includes a first gap and a second gap, the width of the first gap is smaller than the width of the second gap, and the connecting portion is located in the second gap.

[0020] Optionally, the feeding component includes a feeding cable and a voltage balun arranged on the feeding cable, and the feeding cable is perpendicular or parallel to the polarization direction of the antenna.

[0021] Optionally, the feeding component includes a circuit board, and the circuit board is inserted into the cylindrical cavities of the first metal body and the second metal body.

[0022] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0025] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a front view of an antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a side view of an antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a top view of an antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is an S11 curve diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is an equivalent current model diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 is a diagram of a quad-dipole array model of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 The equivalent current model diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is simplified into a point source array diagram consisting of four point sources.

[0034] Reference numerals:

[0035] 1-gap; 2-first gap; 3-second gap;

[0036] 10-first metal body; 11-first groove; 12-second groove;

[0037] 20-second metal body; 21-third groove; 22-fourth groove;

[0038] 30-feeding component;

[0039] 40-Connection part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0041] This embodiment first provides an antenna, which can be used in electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablet computers, routers, etc. to provide wireless communication services for them.

[0042] See also Figure 1-Figure 5In some embodiments, the antenna mainly includes: a first metal body 10, a second metal body 20 and a feeding component 30, the first metal body 10 is cylindrical and non-closed at both ends, that is, both ends of the cylinder are open; the second metal body 20 is cylindrical and non-closed at both ends, that is, both ends of the cylinder are open, the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20 are spaced apart to form a gap 1 between the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20; the feeding component 30 connects the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20, and is used to feed the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20.

[0043] The antenna of the above embodiment forms a gap 1 between the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20, so that the impedance bandwidth and gain bandwidth of the antenna are wider, the lowest frequency and the highest frequency in the impedance bandwidth are three times different, and there is no gain notch. Figure 6 As a Wi-Fi antenna, its impedance bandwidth is 2.17-2.47GHz and 4.94 to 7.29GHz, which can fully cover the three frequency bands of current Wi-Fi (2.4GHz~2.4835GHz, 5.15GHz~5.825GHz, 5.925GHz~7.125GHz).

[0044] In some embodiments, the polarization direction of the first metal body 10 is parallel or coaxial with the polarization direction of the second metal body 20. For example, Figure 1 In the antenna, the polarization direction of the first metal body 10 is an up-and-down square, and the polarization direction of the second metal body 20 is also an up-and-down direction.

[0045] The first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20 can have the same shape, the middle of the first metal body 10 is a cylindrical cavity, and the cylindrical cavity is surrounded by a metal sheet. The metal sheet can be zigzag, and the metal sheet is bent into a predetermined shape, such as a rectangle, a circle, an ellipse, an L shape or an H shape. Figure 1-Figure 5 The cylindrical cavities of the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20 of the antenna are both H-shaped.

[0046] In some embodiments, the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20 are symmetrically distributed, that is, the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20 are symmetrical about a plane, and thus the gap 1 is also symmetrical about a plane. The first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20 themselves can also be a symmetrical structure, that is, the first metal body 10 and / or the second metal body 20 are a symmetrical structure.

[0047] The radiation of the antenna in the above embodiment is mainly provided by the current at the edge of the slot 1. Due to the symmetry of the slot 1, the current distribution at the edge of the slot can be obtained, and the current in the horizontal direction is offset, leaving only the current in the vertical direction. Its simplified equivalent current model is as follows: Figure 7As shown, the equivalent current model is four vertical currents surrounding the geometric center of the antenna.

[0048] In some embodiments, the projection of the antenna along the polarization direction is a circle, an ellipse, a regular polygon or an H-shape. Figure 4 It can be clearly seen that the projection of the antenna along the polarization direction is H-shaped.

[0049] The four vertical currents can also be equivalent to one Figure 8 For the quad-dipole array shown in the figure, the equivalent current model can be further simplified to the following: Fig. 9 The point source array consists of 4 point sources as shown. The lobe pattern of the point source array can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0050]

[0051] The two terms in the formula are the normalized fields generated by sources A, B and C, D. dr1 and dr2 are the results of converting d1 and d2 into radians, that is, d r1,2 =2πd 1,2 / λ. λ is the operating wavelength. δ is the phase difference between sources A and B. Assume that the amplitudes of sources C and D are 1, and the amplitudes of sources A and B are α and β respectively. To make the roundness of the antenna high, dr1, dr2 and δ need to be small enough. In other words, the distance between the surface where the feeding point of the antenna is located and the surface directly opposite to it should be much smaller than the wavelength of the highest frequency in the impedance bandwidth, and the distances between the other several relative surfaces should also be as close as possible, less than 1 / 4 wavelength of the highest frequency. Under this condition, the gain fluctuation of its radiation pattern is very small.

[0052] The first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20 may be connected or not; that is, the connection state of the two does not affect the function of the antenna. In some embodiments, the antenna further includes a connecting portion 40, one end of the connecting portion 40 is connected to the first metal body 10, and the other end is connected to the second metal body 20, so as to connect the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20, and the gap 1 at least partially surrounds the connecting portion 40. If the connecting portion 40 is not provided, the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20 are two completely separated parts, and the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20 are provided together on the same support member to ensure that the relative positions of the two do not change.

[0053] Among them, the connecting part 40 can be integrally formed with the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20, that is, the connecting part 40 is also made of metal and is the same material as the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20. The entire antenna can be integrally formed by bending metal sheets, or it can be manufactured by 3D printing.

[0054] The connecting portion 40 can stably connect the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20, thereby ensuring that the relative positions of the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20 do not change, thereby ensuring the performance of the antenna.

[0055] In some embodiments, two opposite sides of the first metal body 10 are recessed inwards so that the barrel cavity of the first metal body 10 is H-shaped; two opposite sides of the second metal body 20 are recessed inwards so that the barrel cavity of the second metal body 20 is H-shaped.

[0056] Specifically, the two opposite sides of the first metal body 10 are recessed inward to form the first groove 11 and the second groove 12 respectively, and the two opposite sides of the second metal body 20 are recessed inward to form the third groove 21 and the fourth groove 22 respectively; one end of the connecting portion 40 is connected to the bottom plate of the second groove 12, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate of the fourth groove 22. The connecting portion 40 can be a flat plate, and a groove can be provided on the flat plate. The bottom plate of the first groove 11 and the bottom plate of the third groove 21 are arranged at intervals.

[0057] In one embodiment, the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20 are connected only by the connecting portion 40 , and other parts are spaced apart from each other, so that the edge length of the gap 1 is as large as possible.

[0058] In some embodiments, the antenna includes a first metal body 10, a second metal body 20, a feeding component 30, and a connecting portion 40, one end of the connecting portion 40 is connected to the recessed position of the first metal body 10, and the other end is connected to the recessed position of the second metal body 20. Specifically, one end of the connecting portion 40 is connected to the bottom plate of the second groove 12, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate of the fourth groove 22.

[0059] In some embodiments, the gap 1 includes a first gap 2 and a second gap 3 , the width of the first gap 2 is smaller than the width of the second gap 3 , and the connecting portion 40 is located in the second gap 3 .

[0060] Specifically, the cross section of the first metal body 10 at one end close to the second metal body 20 is zigzag, and the second metal body 20 at one end close to the first metal body 10 is also zigzag, and the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20 are symmetrical to each other, so that the gap between the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20 at a local position is narrower (first gap 2), and the local gap is wider (second gap 3). Through this design, the impedance bandwidth and gain bandwidth of the antenna can be improved.

[0061] Specifically, the width from the first gap 2 to the second gap 3 can be gradually widened, and a gradual gap can be set between the first gap 2 and the second gap 3, and the gradual gap is located at Figure 2Between the two oblique lines shown, the first slot 2 is located between the two parallel lines, and the second slot 3 is located between the two parallel lines, so that the width of the slot 1 gradually opens from the center to both sides. Compared with the conventional rectangular slot, the Q value of the antenna is lower, and thus the impedance bandwidth is higher; in addition, this slot can also ensure that the current in the main polarization direction is almost not offset by the reverse current within a wide bandwidth, and the gain is stable, so there is a wide gain bandwidth.

[0062] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the feeding component 30 includes a feeding cable and a voltage balun arranged on the feeding cable, and the feeding cable is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the antenna.

[0063] Specifically, the feeding cable can be fed by a horizontally placed coaxial line, and the antenna is divided into two completely symmetrical upper and lower parts. A short stub is connected in parallel to the middle feeding port to connect the upper and lower parts of the antenna.

[0064] The polarization directions of the feeding cable and the antenna may also be arranged in parallel, and those skilled in the art may select a specific arrangement according to actual design requirements.

[0065] In some embodiments, the feeding component 30 includes a circuit board, which is inserted into the cylindrical cavity of the first metal body 10 and the second metal body 20. The function of the circuit board unit is similar to that of the feeding cable, both of which are to complete the feeding of the antenna, but the forms adopted are different.

[0066] Specifically, the circuit board can be inserted into the space between the first groove 11 and the second groove 12, and the space between the third groove 21 and the fourth groove 22. This space is part of the first metal body 10 and part of the second metal body 20. Placing the circuit board in this position has no effect on the antenna performance, and also reasonably utilizes the idle space, which is conducive to reducing the overall volume of the antenna, thereby reducing the space occupied by the applied electronic device.

[0067] This embodiment further provides an electronic device, comprising the antenna of any of the above embodiments. The electronic device can be used in electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablet computers, routers, etc., and the antenna provides wireless communication services for them.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0069] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0070] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0071] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0072] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0073] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: A first metal body (10), the first metal body (10) being cylindrical and having two open ends; a second metal body (20), the second metal body (20) being cylindrical and not closed at both ends, the first metal body (10) and the second metal body (20) being spaced apart so that a gap (1) is formed between the first metal body (10) and the second metal body (20); and a feeding component (30), the feeding component (30) connecting the first metal body (10) and the second metal body (20) and used for feeding power to the first metal body (10) and the second metal body (20); The first metal body (10) and the second metal body (20) are symmetrically distributed in structure, and / or, The first metal body (10) and / or the second metal body (20) are of symmetrical structure; The invention also comprises a connecting portion (40), one end of the connecting portion (40) being connected to the first metal body (10), and the other end being connected to the second metal body (20); the first metal body (10) and the second metal body (20) are connected only via the connecting portion (40), and other portions are spaced apart from each other; the connecting portion (40) is integrally formed with the first metal body (10) and the second metal body (20); and the gap (1) at least partially surrounds the connecting portion (40); The gap (1) comprises a first gap (2) and a second gap (3), the width of the first gap (2) is smaller than the width of the second gap (3), and the connecting portion (40) is located in the second gap (3); The cross section of the first metal body (10) at one end close to the second metal body (20) is in a zigzag shape, and the cross section of the second metal body (20) at one end close to the first metal body (10) is also in a zigzag shape.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The polarization direction of the first metal body (10) is parallel or coaxial with the polarization direction of the second metal body (20).

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The projection of the antenna along the polarization direction is a circle, an ellipse, a regular polygon or an H shape.

4. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Two opposite sides of the first metal body (10) are recessed inwards, so that the cylindrical cavity of the first metal body (10) is H-shaped; Two opposite sides of the second metal body (20) are recessed inwards, so that the cylindrical cavity of the second metal body (20) is in an H shape.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the connecting portion (40) is connected to the recessed position of the first metal body (10), and the other end is connected to the recessed position of the second metal body (20).

6. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding component (30) comprises a feeding cable and a voltage balun arranged on the feeding cable, and the feeding cable is perpendicular or parallel to the polarization direction of the antenna.

7. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power feeding component (30) comprises a circuit board, and the circuit board is inserted into the cylindrical cavities of the first metal body (10) and the second metal body (20).

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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