A method and device for automatically tightening and releasing a sand box and a circulation trolley

Abstract

The device for automatically tightening and loosening the sand box provided by the present invention comprises a sand box tightening actuator installed on the box tightening station and the box unwinding station, the sand box tightening actuator comprises a box tightening magnetic cylinder and a lifting magnetic cylinder, a lifting fixed plate is installed on the lifting magnetic cylinder push rod, an electric torque wrench and a pneumatic torque wrench are respectively installed on the lifting fixed plates of the box tightening station and the box unwinding station, when the circulation trolley carrying the sand box flows to the box tightening station, the PLC control system controls the box tightening magnetic cylinder, the lifting magnetic cylinder and the electric torque wrench to tighten the sand box and then release it to continue to circulate; when the circulation trolley carrying the cast sand box flows to the box unwinding station, the PLC control system controls the box tightening magnetic cylinder, the lifting magnetic cylinder and the pneumatic torque wrench to unwind the box and then release it to continue to circulate. A method for tightening and loosening the sand box is also provided, and the method and device for automatically tightening and loosening the casting sand box can effectively improve production efficiency and reduce labor costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic buckling and releasing devices for casting product molds, and specifically relates to a method for automatically buckling and releasing a sand box, a device thereof and a circulation trolley. Background Art

[0002] At present, the buckling and unbuckling methods of the sand box used in the iron mold sand casting production line are mainly: Method 1, manually carrying the box buckle and using a torque wrench to buckle and unbuck the box, which is the main form. The advantage is that the buckling torque of the box can be controlled to avoid box leakage due to insufficient buckling force or excessive torque crushing the sand core and causing product quality. At the same time, manual work follows the flow trolley and there is no need to wait for 30 minutes of pouring cooling time, which is highly efficient. The disadvantage is that it takes 2 employees to fix the buckle and unbuck the box, and the frequent handling of more than 20 kilograms of box buckles is labor-intensive, and there are great safety hazards when people walk back and forth on the pouring line. Method 2 uses a hydraulic cylinder for fixed tightening and loosening, which has the advantage of being able to achieve The current method is to automatically buckle and unlock the box, and the pressing force can be adjusted without manual operation. The disadvantage is that after the sand box is poured, it cannot be circulated before the 30-minute cooling required by the process is met, so the efficiency is low, the number of hydraulic systems is large, the cost is high, and there are many faults. Method three, the heavy iron block box pressing method, uses a transplanter to press a 2-3 ton iron block onto the sand box, and it flows with the sand box, and then the iron block is transported back to the origin by the transplanter. The advantage is that the box can be automatically buckled and unlocked, the efficiency is high, no manual operation is required, the structure is simple and the failure rate is low. The disadvantage is that the surface of the sand box is uneven due to iron slag, and the iron block cannot be pressed flat, resulting in quality problems such as leakage of molten iron during the sand box pouring process, and the cost is high due to the large number of pressed iron.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to find a fully automatic solution that does not require cooling and waiting for efficient circulation, has low cost and simple structure. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method and device for automatically fastening and loosening a casting sand box and a circulation trolley, and the specific scheme is as follows:

[0005] A circulation trolley comprises a vehicle body, a hook hinge seat, a box pressing claw and a tensioning mechanism, wherein guide rollers are installed on both sides of the bottom of the vehicle body, and a plurality of hook hinge seats are respectively arranged on the outside of the guide rollers and symmetrically installed on both sides of the bottom of the vehicle body, each hook hinge seat is connected to the bottom of the box pressing claw through a rotating shaft, and the hook hinge seat and the bottom of the box pressing claw are respectively provided with corresponding limit blocks, and two tensioning mechanisms are respectively installed on the top of the box pressing claw, and each box pressing claw is C-shaped, and symmetrical grooves are respectively arranged on the inner side of the top, and each tensioning mechanism comprises bolt one, bolt two, nut one, nut two, nut three, a gasket ring and a gasket, and bolt one moves through the gasket ring, nut one, the top of the groove, nut two, nut three and the bottom of the groove from top to bottom to connect the gasket, and at least two bolts are provided, which move through the two ends of the gasket ring, the top of the groove and the two ends of the bottom to connect the gasket.

[0006] Furthermore, it includes an anti-collision block and an axle support boss, the anti-collision block is a curved surface block, and the two anti-collision blocks are respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the vehicle body, the axle support boss is arranged below the rotating shaft and installed on the hook hinge seat, the top of the hook hinge seat is provided with a push plate limiting boss, and the sum of the heights of the nut two and the nut three is less than the height of the groove.

[0007] An automatic tightening and loosening casting sand box device comprises a sand box tightening and loosening actuator, an electric torque wrench, a pneumatic torque wrench and the circulation trolley, wherein two sand box tightening and loosening actuators are provided and are respectively installed on the tightening and unfastening station and the unfastening station, and each sand box tightening and loosening actuator comprises a bracket, a top plate, a lifting magnetic cylinder, a lifting fixed plate, a lifting guide rod, a lifting fast solenoid valve, a lifting pressure regulating valve, a lifting solenoid reversing valve, a buckling box magnetic cylinder, a buckling box electromagnetic reversing valve, a cylinder bottom plate and a push plate, guide rails are respectively provided on the tops of the two brackets, rollers are respectively installed on both sides of the top plate and are slidably connected to the guide rails, the lifting magnetic cylinder is installed at the bottom of the top plate, and the lifting fixed plate is installed on the push plate of the lifting magnetic cylinder On the rod, the bottom ends of multiple lifting guide rods are symmetrically installed on the lifting and fixing plates, and the top ends are movably passed through the top plate. Multiple electric torque wrenches correspond to the positions of the tensioning mechanisms and are installed on the lifting and fixing plates of the box-locking stations. Multiple pneumatic torque wrenches correspond to the positions of the tensioning mechanisms and are installed on the lifting and fixing plates of the box-unlocking stations. A universal socket is installed on the end of each electric torque wrench and pneumatic torque wrench, and guide grooves corresponding to each universal socket are installed on the lifting and fixing plates. Two cylinder bottom plates are arranged under the lifting and fixing plates and are respectively installed on the brackets. Multiple box-locking magnetic cylinders are symmetrically installed on the cylinder bottom plates, and multiple push plates are respectively installed on the push rods of the box-locking magnetic cylinders.

[0008] Furthermore, the sand box tensioning actuator includes a buckle box cylinder auxiliary frame, and the buckle box cylinder auxiliary frame includes a guide rod fixing plate, a buckle box guide sleeve and a buckle box guide rod. Buckle box guide sleeves are respectively installed at both ends of the guide rod fixing plate, and one end of the two buckle box guide rods are respectively movable through the buckle box guide sleeves and fixed on the push plate.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a buckle box electromagnetic reversing valve, a lifting electromagnetic reversing valve, a lifting fast electromagnetic valve, a lifting pressure regulating valve and a PLC control system. Multiple buckle box electromagnetic reversing valves are respectively installed on the air path of each buckle box magnetic cylinder, and the front end of each buckle box magnetic cylinder is respectively installed with a first magnetic switch, and the rear end is respectively installed with a second magnetic switch. The lifting fast electromagnetic valve and the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively installed on the air path of the lifting magnetic cylinder, and the lifting fast electromagnetic valve and the lifting pressure regulating valve are respectively connected to the air inlet path of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve, and the top of the lifting magnetic cylinder is respectively installed with a third magnetic switch, and the bottom end is respectively installed with a fourth magnetic switch. A rotary proximity switch is respectively installed on one side of each guide groove, and the buckle box electromagnetic reversing valve, the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve, the lifting fast electromagnetic valve, the lifting pressure regulating valve, the first magnetic switch, the second magnetic switch, the third magnetic switch, the fourth magnetic switch, the rotary proximity switch, the electric torque wrench and the pneumatic torque wrench are respectively connected to the PLC control system.

[0010] Furthermore, the bracket is in an inverted U shape, the top plate is in an I shape, the guide groove is in a U shape, and a trumpet-shaped through hole is provided at the bottom.

[0011] The method for fastening and loosening a casting sand box of the automatic fastening and loosening casting sand box device comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: The transfer cart carrying the sand box on the production line is transferred to the box fastening station, and the sand box is fastened by the sand box loosening and tightening actuator and the electric torque wrench at the box fastening station. After the PLC control system receives the signal that the sand box is fastened in place, it releases the transfer cart to continue to flow;

[0013] Step 2: The transfer cart carrying the cast sand box on the production line is transferred to the unpacking station, where the sand box is unpacked by the sand box loosening and tightening actuator and the pneumatic torque wrench. After the PLC control system receives the unpacking arrival signal, it releases the transfer cart to continue its circulation.

[0014] Furthermore, the steps for fastening the sand box are as follows: when the circulation trolley carrying the sand box is at the box fastening position, the PLC control system opens the extension switch of the box fastening electromagnetic reversing valve, controls the box fastening magnetic cylinder to drive the push plate to extend, and pushes the box fastening claw into the sand box fastening position, and the PLC control system sends a push plate in place signal through the first magnetic switch, opens the descending switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve and the lifting fast electromagnetic valve to control the lifting magnetic cylinder to drive the lifting fixed plate to descend quickly, and sends a fast descent in place signal through the fourth magnetic switch, closes the lifting fast electromagnetic valve, and the lifting magnetic cylinder drives the lifting fixed plate to descend slowly, and at the same time controls the electric torque wrench to drive The dynamic tensioning mechanism presses the sand box, and the PLC control system detects that the electric torque wrench has no action for n seconds through the rotating proximity switch, and sends a clamping signal, closes the descending switch of the lifting solenoid reversing valve, opens the lifting fast solenoid valve and the rising switch of the lifting solenoid reversing valve to control the lifting magnetic cylinder to drive the lifting fixed plate to rise quickly, and sends a rising signal to the third magnetic switch, closes the lifting fast solenoid valve and the lifting switch of the lifting solenoid reversing valve, and at the same time closes the retraction switch of the buckle box solenoid reversing valve, the buckle box magnetic cylinder drives the push plate to retract, and sends a retraction signal to the second magnetic switch to release the circulation trolley to continue circulation.

[0015] Furthermore, the torque of the electric torque wrench is set to 60-80 N.M, and the rotation speed is 70 rpm.

[0016] Furthermore, the unpacking steps are as follows: when the circulation trolley carrying the sand box after pouring is at the unpacking station, the PLC control system opens the extension switch of the box-locking electromagnetic reversing valve, controls the box-locking magnetic cylinder to drive the push plate to extend, and pushes the box clamping claw into the sand box clamping position, and the PLC control system sends a push plate in-place signal through the first magnetic switch, opens the descending switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve and the lifting fast electromagnetic valve to control the lifting magnetic cylinder to drive the lifting fixed plate to descend quickly, and sends a descending in-place signal through the fourth magnetic switch, closes the descending switch of the lifting fast electromagnetic valve and the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve, opens the rising switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve, and controls the lifting magnetic cylinder Drive the lifting and fixing plate to rise slowly, and control the pneumatic torque wrench to drive the tensioning mechanism to detach from the sand box. The PLC control system sends a box-detaching position signal every m seconds through the continuous normal working signal of the pneumatic torque wrench monitored by the rotating proximity switch, closes the pneumatic torque wrench, opens the lifting and fixing fast solenoid valve to control the lifting and fixing magnetic cylinder to drive the lifting and fixing plate to rise quickly, sends a rising position signal through the third magnetic switch, closes the rising switch of the lifting and fixing fast solenoid valve and the lifting solenoid reversing valve, and at the same time closes the retraction switch of the buckle box solenoid reversing valve, controls the buckle box magnetic cylinder to drive the push plate to retract, and sends a retraction position signal through the second magnetic switch to release the circulation trolley to continue circulation.

[0017] Advantages of the present invention

[0018] The automatic fastening and loosening casting sand box method and device provided by the present invention adopts simple accessories, easy replacement of wearing parts, low cost, convenient maintenance, easy operation, can realize full-process automatic fastening and loosening of the box, and the fastening torque of the box is controllable, so as to avoid box leakage due to insufficient fastening force or product quality caused by crushing of sand core due to excessive torque. Moreover, there is no need for manual work following the movement of the circulating trolley, thus avoiding safety hazards, no need for manual fastening and loosening of the box, saving labor costs, simple structure and low failure rate, and it can also solve the quality problems caused by leakage of molten iron in the sand box casting process, which is suitable for popularization and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic fastening and loosening casting sand box device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the circulation trolley.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tensioning mechanism.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the front structure of the hook hinge seat.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the side structure.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection between the sand box tightening actuator, buckle box solenoid reversing valve, lifting solenoid reversing valve, lifting fast solenoid valve, lifting pressure regulating valve and electric torque wrench / pneumatic torque wrench.

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the front structure of the sand box tension actuator.

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the side structure.

[0027] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the top view structure.

[0028] Fig.10 for Figure 6 and 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the buckle box cylinder auxiliary frame.

[0029] Fig.11 for Figure 6 A magnified structure of A.

[0030] Fig.12 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection between the lifting solenoid reversing valve, lifting fast solenoid valve and lifting pressure regulating valve at the box buckling station.

[0031] Fig.13 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection between the lifting solenoid reversing valve, lifting fast solenoid valve and lifting pressure regulating valve at the unpacking station.

[0032] Fig.14 for Figure 1 Block diagram of the PLC control system.

[0033] Fig.15 for Figure 1 Usage status diagram of the application on the production line.

[0034] In the figure:

[0035] 1. Circulation trolley; 101. Car body; 102. Hook hinge seat; 103. Box buckling claw; 104. Support block; 105. Guide roller; 106. Rotating shaft; 107. Limit stopper; 108. Groove; 109. Bolt 1; 110. Bolt 2; 111. Nut 1; 112. Nut 2; 113. Nut 3; 114. Washer ring; 115. Pad; 116. Anti-collision block; 117. Shaft support boss; 118. Push plate limit boss;

[0036] 2. Bracket; 201. Guide rail;

[0037] 3. Top plate; 301, roller;

[0038] 4. Lifting magnetic cylinder; 5. Lifting fixed plate; 6. Lifting guide rod; 7. Buckle box magnetic cylinder;

[0039] 8. Buckle box cylinder auxiliary frame; 801. Guide rod fixing plate; 802. Buckle box guide rod; 803. Buckle box guide sleeve;

[0040] 9. Cylinder base plate; 10. Push plate; 11. Electric torque wrench; 12. Pneumatic torque wrench; 13. Universal socket;

[0041] 14. guide groove; 141. trumpet-shaped through hole;

[0042] 15. First magnetic switch; 16. Second magnetic switch; 17. Third magnetic switch; 18. Fourth magnetic switch; 19. Rotary proximity switch; 20. Lifting solenoid reversing valve; 21. Lifting fast solenoid valve; 22. Lifting pressure regulating valve; 23. Box locking solenoid reversing valve; 24. Box locking station; 25. Box unlocking station. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention is further explained and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementations. It should be noted that this specific embodiment is not used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 15 As shown, this specific embodiment provides a flow trolley 1, a sand box tensioning actuator, an electric torque wrench 11, a pneumatic torque wrench 12, a buckle box electromagnetic reversing valve 23, a lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20, a lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21, a lifting pressure regulating valve 22, and a PLC control system.

[0045] The circulation trolley is used to place and transport the sand boxes so that the sand boxes can flow on the production line. Figure 2 As shown, the circulation trolley 1 includes a car body 101, a hook hinge seat 102, a box buckling claw 103 and a tension mechanism. A support block 104 is installed on the top of the car body 101. Each support block 104 is 10mm higher than the plane of the car body 101. The purpose is that the top surface of the car body 101 will be uneven when molten iron falls, causing the sand box to be unstable. The sand box is placed on the support block 104, which can better stabilize the sand box. At least four guide rollers 105 are installed at the bottom of the car body 101. The guide edge of the guide roller 105 is located on the inside. When the circulation trolley walks on the guide rail, it can ensure that it does not derail. There are four hook hinge seats 102, which are respectively arranged on the outside of the guide rollers 105 and symmetrically installed on both sides of the bottom of the vehicle body 101. Each hook hinge seat 102 is connected to the bottom of the box pressing claw 103 through a rotating shaft 106. The four hook hinge seats 102 and the bottom of the box pressing claw 103 are respectively provided with corresponding limit blocks 107. The limit blocks 107 can ensure that the box pressing claw 103 automatically swings down to the limit blocks 107 due to its own gravity and keeps a distance from the push plate 10 so that it can flow without collision.

[0046] There are four tensioning mechanisms, which are symmetrically installed in pairs on the top of the box pressing claws 103. Each box pressing claw 103 is C-shaped, and symmetrical grooves 108 are respectively provided on the inner side of the top. Each tensioning mechanism includes bolt 109, bolt 2 110, nut 1 111, nut 2 112, nut 3 113, gasket ring 114 and pad 115. The sum of the heights of nut 2 112 and nut 3 113 is less than the height of the groove 108. The bolt 109 of each tensioning mechanism moves from top to bottom in sequence through the center of the gasket ring 114, nut 111, the top center of the groove 108, nut 2 112, nut 3 113 and the bottom center of the groove 108 to connect the pad 115. There are two bolts 2 112 of each tensioning mechanism, which move from top to bottom in sequence through the two ends of the gasket ring 114 and the top and bottom ends of the groove 108 to connect the pad 115.

[0047] Anti-collision blocks 116 are installed on the front and rear sides of the circulation trolley respectively. The anti-collision blocks 116 are arc-surface blocks. Their function is that when the circulation trolley carrying the sand box on the production line makes a lateral track change, it will scrape against the end of the circulation trolley at the end where it is located. The arc-surface blocks can prevent it from getting stuck. At the same time, the length of each circulation trolley must be consistent to achieve accurate positioning. During the circulation process, the end of the circulation trolley will often collide and deform. It is only necessary to replace the anti-collision block 116 instead of the entire circulation trolley.

[0048] The rotating shaft 106 is installed on the hook hinge seat 102, and a push plate limiting boss 118 is arranged on the top of the hook hinge seat 102, the purpose of which is to ensure that each time the box-locking magnetic cylinder 7 drives the push plate 10 to push the box-locking claw 103 to the same position, and also to prevent the molten iron falling during the sand box casting process from falling into the rotating gap and causing jamming.

[0049] The bolt 109 is an M24*200 external hexagon full-pressure fastening bolt, and the bolt 2 110 is an M8*180 internal hexagon bolt.

[0050] The size of the gasket ring 114 is an outer diameter of 80 mm, an inner diameter of 24.5 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm.

[0051] The nut 1 111 , the nut 2 112 , and the nut 3 113 are all M24 nuts.

[0052] The function of the nut 2 112 and the nut 3 113 is that when the bolt 109 passes through the top of the groove 108 and is used with the nut 2 112 and the nut 3 113 in the groove 108 for a long time and the threads thereof become loose, only the bolt 109, the nut 2 112 and the nut 3 113 need to be replaced, thereby avoiding the need to replace the entire batch of box pressing claws 103 and the bolt 109 when threads become loose after the thread holes are directly opened on the top of the box pressing claws.

[0053] The size of the pad 115 is 70mm long*40mm wide*10mm high. The function of the pad 115 is to isolate the bolt 109 from the sand box to avoid direct contact, and to prevent pits from appearing after frequent friction between the loose and tight positions of the sand box, which damages the sand box. The cost of repairing or replacing the sand box is hundreds to thousands of times that of replacing the pad.

[0054] When the box pressing claw 103 is released by its own weight or the push plate 10 is pushed by the box pressing magnetic cylinder 7, the bolt 110 passes through the top and bottom ends of the groove 108, which can ensure that the direction of the pad 115 will not change.

[0055] The working principle of the tensioning mechanism when performing the box buckling action: when the box buckling claw 103 is pushed into place, the electric torque wrench 11 rotates clockwise to tighten the bolt 109 to press it down. Since the inner circle of the gasket ring 114 is larger than the bolt 109 and does not rotate, the nut 111 descends with the bolt 109, and the gasket ring 114, the bolt 110, and the pad 115 descend under their own weight. When the pad 115 descends and contacts the guide edge of the sand box, it stops descending. At this time, the bolt 109 continues to press down. The electric torque wrench 11 stops rotating when it reaches the specified torque, and the box buckling is completed.

[0056] The working principle of the tensioning mechanism when performing the unpacking action: the pneumatic torque wrench 12 is rotated counterclockwise to loosen the bolt 109 to make it rise, and then the nut 111, the washer ring 114, the bolt 110 and the pad 115 are driven to rise together in turn. When the distance between the pad 115 and the guide edge of the sand box is set to 10mm, the bolt 109 is stopped from rotating, and the unpacking is completed.

[0057] like Fig.15 As shown, there are two sand box loosening and tightening actuators, which are respectively installed on the box tightening station 24 and the box untightening station 25 on the production line.

[0058] like Figures 6 to 11 As shown, the sand box tensioning actuator on each workstation includes a bracket 2, a top plate 3, a lifting magnetic cylinder 4, a lifting fixed plate 5, a lifting guide rod 6, a box locking magnetic cylinder 7, a box locking cylinder auxiliary frame 8, a cylinder bottom plate 9 and a push plate 10.

[0059] The bracket 2 is an inverted U-shape, and the two brackets 2 are respectively installed on both sides of the workstation. A guide rail 201 is respectively set on the top of the two brackets 2. The guide rail 201 is made of channel steel. The function of the guide rail 201 is that when the anti-collision block 116 at the end of the circulation trolley is deformed, worn and positioned deviated, the lifting magnetic cylinder 7 can move the top plate through the guide rail 201 and the guide roller 301, and the top plate 3 drives the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 to adjust the deviation by itself.

[0060] The top plate 3 is an I-shaped, and rollers 301 are respectively installed on both sides of the top plate 3 and are slidably connected to the guide rails 201. The lifting magnetic cylinder 4 is installed at the center of the bottom of the top plate 3, and the lifting fixed plate 5 is installed on the push rod of the lifting magnetic cylinder 4. The bottom ends of the four lifting guide rods 6 are respectively installed on the lifting fixed plate 5, and the top ends are respectively movably passed through the top plate 3. Preferably, a hole is provided on the top plate 3 to connect four lifting guide sleeves (not shown in the figure), and four lifting guide rods 6 are correspondingly provided below the lifting guide sleeves. The bottom ends of the four lifting guide rods 6 are respectively installed on the lifting fixed plate 5, and the top ends of the four lifting guide rods 6 are respectively movably passed through the lifting guide sleeves.

[0061] The two cylinder bottom plates 9 are arranged below the lifting fixed plate 5 and are respectively mounted on the lower part 2 of the bracket. The two buckle box magnetic cylinders 7 are respectively symmetrically mounted on the cylinder bottom plates 9. Fig.10 As shown, the buckle box cylinder auxiliary frame 8 includes a guide rod fixing plate 801, a buckle box guide sleeve 803 and a buckle box guide rod 802. The two ends of the guide rod fixing plate 801 are respectively provided with holes for mounting the buckle box guide sleeve 803. One end of the two buckle box guide rods 802 are respectively movable through the buckle box guide sleeve 803 and fixed on the push plate 10. The two push plates 10 are respectively installed on the push rods of the buckle box magnetic cylinder 7. The buckle box guide rod 802 is used to keep the push plate 10 balanced and share the weight of the push plate 10, so as to prevent the push rod of the buckle box magnetic cylinder 7 from bending under the weight and compressing and deforming the sealing ring to cause air leakage. The function of the push plate 10 is to prevent the box buckle pressing claw 103 from falling rapidly due to its own weight and hitting the bottom boss to cause collapse.

[0062] The four electric torque wrenches 11 correspond to the positions of the tensioning mechanisms respectively and are installed on the lifting and fixing plate 5 of the box fastening station 24 .

[0063] The four pneumatic torque wrenches 12 correspond to the positions of the tensioning mechanisms respectively and are installed on the lifting and fixing plate 5 of the unpacking station 25 .

[0064] A universal sleeve 13 is installed on the end of each electric torque wrench 11 and pneumatic torque wrench 12, and a guide groove 14 corresponding to each universal sleeve 13 is installed on the lifting and fixing plate 5. Fig.11 As shown, the guide groove 14 is U-shaped, and a trumpet-shaped through hole 141 is provided at the bottom thereof. The function of the guide groove 14 is to prevent the universal sleeve 13 from falling during the lifting process, and to prevent the universal sleeve 13 from pressing the bolt 109 to affect its rotation function. The trumpet-shaped through hole 141 is provided to cooperate with the guide rail and the guide edge roller 105 to correct the deviation when the flow trolley is not in place before and after, and the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 is descending.

[0065] The function of the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 is to drive the electric torque wrench 11 or the pneumatic torque wrench 12 to move up and down.

[0066] Two buckle box electromagnetic reversing valves 23 are respectively installed on the air path of each buckle box magnetic cylinder 7, and the front end of each buckle box magnetic cylinder 7 is respectively installed with a first magnetic switch 15, and the rear end is respectively installed with a second magnetic switch 16. The lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20 is installed on the air path of the lifting magnetic cylinder 4, and the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21 and the lifting pressure regulating valve 22 are respectively connected to the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20. The top of the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 is respectively installed with a third magnetic switch 17, and the bottom thereof is respectively installed with a fourth magnetic switch 18. A rotary proximity switch 19 is respectively installed on one side of each guide groove 14. The buckle box electromagnetic reversing valve 23, the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20, the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21, the lifting pressure regulating valve 22, the first magnetic switch 15, the second magnetic switch 16, the third magnetic switch 17, the fourth magnetic switch 18, the rotary proximity switch 19, the electric torque wrench 11 and the pneumatic torque wrench 12 are respectively connected to the PLC control system.

[0067] The electric torque wrench 11 is a TCD200T electric digital torque wrench, manufactured by Shanghai Huxiao. The advantages of this type of electric wrench are that it has low vibration force, and the process of tightening the sand box will not cause quality problems such as the collapse of the sand core inside the sand box. It can set the torque according to the 80N.M torque requirement of the current process requirements, and automatically stop after reaching the set torque. It has a torque display function and can check and correct the torque at any time. The start button of the electric torque wrench 11 is in a tied conduction state, and the start and stop of the electric torque wrench 11 is achieved by controlling the power on and off of the relay.

[0068] The function of the universal socket 13 is to solve the problem of matching the electric torque wrench 11 or the pneumatic torque wrench 12 with the bolt 109. Preferably, the universal socket 13 is a Deli brand universal socket with a specification of 11 to 32 mm, which is suitable for a variety of bolts and nuts.

[0069] The pneumatic torque wrench 12 is a QD-281 model pneumatic torque wrench, manufactured by Shanghai Huxiao. The purpose of replacing the electric torque wrench 11 at the unpacking station with a pneumatic torque wrench 12 is that the sand box at the unpacking station has been poured, and the vibration during the unpacking process will not cause quality problems with the sand core. In addition, the price of the pneumatic wrench 12 is much lower than that of the electric wrench 11, and it is easy to maintain. The start button of the pneumatic torque wrench 12 is in a tied conduction state, and the start and stop of the pneumatic torque wrench 12 is achieved by controlling the on and off of its air source through an electromagnetic valve.

[0070] The model of the buckle box magnetic cylinder 7 is SC100*150-s, and the model of the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 is SC100*300-S, both of which are from the AirTac manufacturer.

[0071] The model of the first magnetic switch 15, the second magnetic switch 16, the third magnetic switch 17 and the fourth magnetic switch 18 are all CS1-B1, and the manufacturer is AirTac.

[0072] The model of the rotary proximity switch 19 is LJ12A3-8-BX, and the manufacturer is Shanghai Industry Automation. The rotary proximity switch 19 is used to monitor whether the universal sleeve 13 rotates.

[0073] The model of the solenoid valve 23 and the lifting solenoid reversing valve 20 is N4V410-15, and the manufacturer is CHINT. The model of the lifting fast solenoid valve 21 is 2W-250-25, and the manufacturer is DELIXI. The model of the pressure regulating valve 22 is AW3, and the manufacturer is YUJINYI.

[0074] like Fig.14 As shown, the PLC control system uses Siemens S7-200SMART as the controller, and the annotations of each signal terminal are shown in Table 1:

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] In the case of automatic operation I0.0 being turned on, when the transfer trolley carrying the sand box arrives at the box-locking station 24, the PLC control system receives the I0.1 signal that the transfer trolley at the box-locking station has arrived, and outputs Q0.1 and Q0.2 to respectively open the box-locking electromagnetic reversing valve 23 of the box-locking station 24, and the two box-locking magnetic cylinders of the box-locking station 24 drive the push plate 10 to push;

[0078] When receiving the push-in position signal of the two buckle box magnetic cylinders 7 of the buckle box station 24 of I0.3 and I0.5, as Fig.12 , outputs Q0.4 and Q0.5 respectively open the lifting rapid solenoid valve 21 and the lifting solenoid reversing valve 20 of the box buckling station 24, and at this time, the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 of the box buckling station 24 drops rapidly;

[0079] When the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 of the box buckling station 24 I1.0 is received and the lowering signal is received, the lifting fast solenoid valve 21 of the box buckling station 24 Q0.4 is closed. At this time, the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 of the box buckling station 24 slowly descends, and the electric torque wrench 11 of the box buckling station 24 Q0.6 is output and runs. The speed of the electric torque wrench 11 is set to 70 rpm, and it stops automatically after reaching the set torque. Under the operating output condition of the electric torque wrench 11 outputting Q0.6 at the buckling station 24, the rotation sensing signals of the four universal sockets 13 at the buckling stations 24 of I1.7, I2.0, 12.1 and 12.2 are detected. If no rotation signal is detected within 5 seconds, it indicates that the set torque has been reached. When the bolts 109 all reach the set torque, the outputs Q0.5 and Q0.6 close the lowering switch of the lifting solenoid reversing valve of the buckling station 24 and the electric torque wrench 11. The outputs Q0.3 and Q0.4 open the rising switch of the lifting solenoid reversing valve of the buckling station 24 and the lifting fast solenoid valve 21 respectively. At this time, the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 drives the lifting fixed plate 5 to rise rapidly.

[0080] After receiving the signal I0.7 that the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 of the box-locking station 24 has reached the position, the outputs Q0.3 and Q0.4 respectively close the rising switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20 and the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21 of the box-locking station 24, and at the same time, the outputs Q0.1 and Q0.2 respectively close the box-locking electromagnetic reversing valve 23 of the box-locking station 24. At this time, the box-locking magnetic cylinders 7 of the two box-locking stations 24 drive the push plate 10 to retract;

[0081] When the two box-locking magnetic cylinders 7 of the box-locking stations 24 I0.4 and I0.6 drive the push plate 10 to retract into place, the output Q0.7 box-locking station 24 circulation trolley is allowed to be released. When the signal that the circulation trolley of the box-locking station 24 is in place is received, the Q0.7 box-locking station 24 circulation trolley is closed to allow release and enter the next cycle.

[0082] When the transfer trolley carrying the cast sand box arrives at the unpacking station 25, the PLC control system receives the I0.2 signal indicating that the transfer trolley has arrived at the unpacking station 25, and outputs Q1.0 and Q1.1 to open the box-locking electromagnetic reversing valve 23 of the unpacking station respectively, and the two box-locking magnetic cylinders 7 of the unpacking station 25 drive the push plate 10 to push;

[0083] When receiving the push-in position signal of the two buckle boxes magnetic cylinder 7 of I1.1 and I1.3, Fig.13 , outputs Q1.2 and Q1.4 respectively open the lifting rapid solenoid valve 21 of the unpacking station 25 and the lowering switch of the lifting solenoid reversing valve 20, at which time the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 of the unpacking station 25 drops rapidly;

[0084] When receiving the signal I1.6 that the lifting magnetic cylinder of the unpacking station 25 has fallen into place, outputs Q1.2 and Q1.4 respectively close the lowering switches of the unpacking station 25 lifting fast solenoid valve 21 and the lifting solenoid reversing valve 20, and at the same time outputs Q1.3 and Q1.5 respectively open the rising switch of the lifting solenoid reversing valve 20 of the unpacking station 25 and the operation of the pneumatic torque wrench 12. Under the operating output condition of the pneumatic torque wrench 12 of the unpacking station 25 at Q1.5, the rotation sensing signals of the four universal sockets 13 of the unpacking stations 25 at I2.3, I2.4, I2.5 and I2.6 are detected. If no rotation signal is detected within 2 seconds, it means there is a fault and the machine is shut down and alarmed. Otherwise, when the pneumatic torque wrench 12 monitored by the rotary proximity switch continuously outputs the normal working signal for 10 seconds, indicating that the unpacking is in place, the pneumatic torque wrench 12 of the unpacking station 25 is output Q1.5 to close, and the lifting and lowering fast solenoid valve 21 of the unpacking station 25 is output Q1.2 at the same time. The lifting and lowering magnetic cylinder 4 of the unpacking station 25 rises rapidly. When the I1.5 unpacking signal is received, After the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 of the unpacking station 24 receives the rising position signal, Q1.2 and Q1.3 are closed to open the rising switches of the lifting fast solenoid valve 21 and the lifting solenoid reversing valve 20 of the unpacking station 25 respectively, and Q1.0 and 1.1 are output to close the buckle solenoid reversing valve 23 respectively. At this time, the two buckle magnetic cylinders 7 of the unpacking station 25 drive the push plate 10 to retract. When the two buckle magnetic cylinders 7 of the unpacking station 25 retract into position signals I1.2 and I1.4 are received, Q1.6 is output to allow the unpacking station 25 circulation trolley to be released. When the unpacking station 25 circulation trolley is in position signal 10.2 is received, Q1.6 is closed to allow the unpacking station 25 circulation trolley to be released and enter the next cycle.

[0085] Working principle:

[0086] The sand box loosening and tightening actuator and the electric torque wrench 11 are installed on the box fastening station 24 of the production line, and the sand box loosening and tightening actuator and the pneumatic torque wrench 12 are installed on the box unfastening station 25 of the production line.

[0087] When the transfer cart carrying the sand box on the production line flows to the box buckling station 24, the PLC control system opens the extension switch of the box buckling electromagnetic reversing valve 23, controls the box buckling magnetic cylinder 7 to drive the push plate 10 to extend forward, and pushes the box buckling claw 103 to the sand box buckling position. The PLC control system sends a box buckling in place signal through the first magnetic switch 15, opens the descending switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20 and the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21, controls the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 to drive the lifting fixed plate 5 to descend quickly, and controls the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21 to close the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 to drive the lifting fixed plate 5 to descend slowly through the descending in place signal sent by the fourth magnetic switch 18, and simultaneously controls the electric torque wrench 11 to tighten the bolt 109. Preferably, the torque of the electric torque wrench is set to 8 0N.M, the speed is 70 rpm, so that the pad 115 presses the sand box, and the electric torque wrench is detected by rotating the proximity switch 19 for 5 consecutive seconds without action to send a pressing signal, indicating that the bolt 109 meets the torque requirement, and the descending switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 23 is closed, and the rising switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20 and the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21 are controlled to open, and the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 drives the lifting fixed plate 5 to rise quickly, and the rising signal sent by the third magnetic switch 17 is used to close the rising switch of the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 20 and the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 23, and at the same time, the retraction switch of the buckle box electromagnetic reversing valve 23 is closed, and the buckle box magnetic cylinder 7 drives the push plate 10 to retract, and the retraction signal sent by the second magnetic switch 15 is released to release the circulation trolley to continue to circulate;

[0088] When the transfer cart carrying the poured sand box on the production line flows to the unpacking station 25, the PLC control system controls the extension switch of the box-locking electromagnetic reversing valve 23 to open, and the box-locking magnetic cylinder 7 drives the push plate 10 to extend forward. After the push plate 10 enters the sand box fastening position, the PLC control system controls the lowering switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20 and the opening of the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21 through the push plate in place signal sent by the first magnetic switch 15, and the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 drives the lifting fixed plate 5 to descend quickly. The lowering in place signal sent by the fourth magnetic switch 18 closes the lowering switch of the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21 and the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20, and opens the rising switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20. The lifting magnetic cylinder 4 drives the lifting fixed plate 5 to rise slowly. Control the pneumatic torque wrench 12 to loosen the bolt 109, so that the pad 115 is separated from the sand box. After 10 seconds of continuous working signal of the pneumatic torque wrench 12 monitored by the monitoring rotary proximity switch 19, it is determined that the bolt 109 is completely unfastened, and a box detachment signal is sent. The pneumatic torque wrench 12 is closed, and the lifting and lowering fast solenoid valve 21 is opened. The lifting and lowering magnetic cylinder 4 drives the lifting and lowering fixed plate 5 to rise quickly, and a rising signal is sent through the third magnetic switch 17. The lifting and lowering fast solenoid valve 21 and the lifting and lowering electromagnetic reversing valve 20 are closed. The rising switch, and the retraction switch of the buckle box electromagnetic reversing valve 23 are closed at the same time, and the buckle box magnetic cylinder 7 is controlled to drive the push plate 10 to retract backwards. The retraction signal is sent by the second magnetic switch 16 to release the circulation trolley to continue circulation.

[0089] The method for fastening and loosening a casting sand box by using an automatic fastening and loosening casting sand box device comprises the following steps:

[0090] Step one, when the circulation cart carrying the sand box on the production line flows to the box fastening station 24, the sand box is fastened by the sand box loosening and tightening actuator and the electric torque wrench 11 of the box fastening station 24, and the PLC control system releases the circulation cart to continue to flow after receiving the fastening in place signal; specifically, the steps of fastening the sand box are as follows: when the circulation cart carrying the sand box on the production line is at the box fastening station 24, the PLC control system controls the extension switch of the box fastening electromagnetic reversing valve 23 to open, controls the box fastening magnetic cylinder 7 to drive the push plate 10 to extend forward, and pushes the box fastening claw 103 into the sand box fastening position, and the PLC control system sends a box fastening in place signal through the first magnetic switch 15 to open the descending switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20 and the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21, controls the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 to drive the lifting fixed plate 5 to descend quickly, and controls the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21 to close through the descending in place signal sent by the fourth magnetic switch 18. The cylinder 4 drives the lifting fixed plate 5 to slowly descend, and at the same time controls the electric torque wrench 11 to tighten the bolt 109. Preferably, the torque of the electric torque wrench is set to 80N.M and the speed is 70 rpm, so that the pad 115 presses the sand box. The electric torque wrench is detected by rotating the proximity switch 19. If there is no action for n seconds, the tightening signal is sent, indicating that the bolt 109 meets the torque requirement. The descending switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 23 is closed, and the rising switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20 and the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21 are controlled to open. The lifting magnetic cylinder 4 drives the lifting fixed plate 5 to rise quickly. The rising signal sent by the third magnetic switch 17 closes the rising switch of the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 20 and the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 23. At the same time, the retraction switch of the buckle box electromagnetic reversing valve 23 is closed, and the buckle box magnetic cylinder 7 drives the push plate 10 to retract. The retraction signal sent by the second magnetic switch 15 releases the circulation trolley to continue to circulate.

[0091] In step 2, the production line transfers the circulation trolley carrying the sand box after pouring to the unpacking station, and the sand box tensioning actuator at the unpacking station unpacks the box. After the PLC control system receives the unpacking in place signal, it releases the circulation trolley to continue to circulate. Specifically, the unpacking steps are as follows: when the circulation trolley carrying the sand box after pouring on the production line is at the unpacking station 25, the PLC control system controls the extension switch of the box buckling electromagnetic reversing valve 23 to open, and the box buckling magnetic cylinder 7 drives the push plate 10 to extend forward. After the push plate 10 enters the sand box buckling position, the PLC control system controls the lowering switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20 and the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21 to open through the push plate in place signal sent by the first magnetic switch 15, and the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 drives the lifting fixed plate 5 to descend quickly. The lowering fast electromagnetic valve 21 and the lower lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20 are closed through the lowering in place signal sent by the fourth magnetic switch 18. The lowering switch is turned on, and the rising switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20 is turned on. The lifting magnetic cylinder 4 drives the lifting fixed plate 5 to rise slowly. At the same time, the pneumatic torque wrench 12 is controlled to loosen the bolt 109, so that the pad 115 is separated from the sand box. After 10 seconds of continuous working signal of the pneumatic torque wrench 12 monitored by the monitoring rotation proximity switch 19, it is determined that the bolt 109 is unfastened. A signal of detaching from the box is sent, and the pneumatic torque wrench 12 is closed. The lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21 is opened, and the lifting magnetic cylinder 4 drives the lifting fixed plate 5 to rise quickly. The rising signal is sent through the third magnetic switch 17, and the rising switch of the lifting fast electromagnetic valve 21 and the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve 20 is closed. At the same time, the retraction switch of the buckle box electromagnetic reversing valve 23 is closed, and the buckle box magnetic cylinder 7 is controlled to drive the push plate 10 to retract backwards. The retraction signal sent by the second magnetic switch 16 releases the circulation trolley to continue to circulate.

[0092] The method and device for automatically fastening and loosening a casting sand box of this specific embodiment are easy to operate. The sand box is automatically circulated by a circulation trolley, which can reduce at least 4 box fastening personnel and increase production efficiency by 70%.

Claims

1. The circulation trolley is characterized by: It includes a car body, a hook hinge seat, a box pressing claw and a tensioning mechanism. Guide rollers are installed on both sides of the bottom of the car body. Multiple hook hinge seats are respectively arranged on the outside of the guide rollers and are symmetrically installed on both sides of the bottom of the car body. Each hook hinge seat is connected to the bottom of the box pressing claw through a rotating shaft. The hook hinge seat and the bottom of the box pressing claw are respectively provided with corresponding limit blocks. The two tensioning mechanisms are respectively symmetrically installed on the top of the box pressing claw. Each box pressing claw is C-shaped, and symmetrical grooves are respectively arranged on the inner side of the top. Each tensioning mechanism includes bolt one, bolt two, nut one, nut two, nut three, a gasket ring and a gasket. Bolt one moves through the gasket ring, nut one, the top of the groove, nut two, nut three and the bottom of the groove from top to bottom to connect the gasket. There are at least two bolts two, which move through the two ends of the gasket ring, the top of the groove and the two ends of the bottom from top to bottom to connect the gasket.

2. The circulation trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes an anti-collision block and an axle supporting boss, wherein the anti-collision block is an arc surface block, and the two anti-collision blocks are respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the vehicle body, the axle supporting boss is arranged below the rotating shaft and installed on the hook hinge seat, and a push plate limiting boss is arranged on the top of the hook hinge seat, and the sum of the heights of the nut two and the nut three is less than the height of the groove.

3. An automatic fastening and loosening casting sand box device, characterized in that: It includes a sand box loosening and tightening actuator, an electric torque wrench, a pneumatic torque wrench and the circulation trolley as described in claim 1, wherein two sand box loosening and tightening actuators are provided, which are respectively installed on the box buckling station and the box unbundling station, and each sand box loosening and tightening actuator includes a bracket, a top plate, a lifting magnetic cylinder, a lifting fixed plate, a lifting guide rod, a lifting fast solenoid valve, a lifting pressure regulating valve, a lifting solenoid reversing valve, a box buckling magnetic cylinder, a box buckling solenoid reversing valve, a cylinder bottom plate and a push plate, guide rails are respectively provided on the top of the two brackets, rollers are respectively installed on both sides of the top plate and are slidably connected to the guide rails, the lifting magnetic cylinder is installed at the bottom of the top plate, and the lifting fixed plate is installed on the push rod of the lifting magnetic cylinder, and multiple The bottom ends of the lifting guide rods are symmetrically installed on the lifting and fixing plates, and the top ends are movably passed through the top plates. Multiple electric torque wrenches correspond to the positions of the tensioning mechanisms and are installed on the lifting and fixing plates of the box-fastening stations. Multiple pneumatic torque wrenches correspond to the positions of the tensioning mechanisms and are installed on the lifting and fixing plates of the box-unfastening stations. A universal socket is installed on the end of each electric torque wrench and pneumatic torque wrench, and guide grooves corresponding to each universal socket are installed on the lifting and fixing plates. Two cylinder bottom plates are arranged under the lifting and fixing plates and are respectively installed on the brackets. Multiple box-fastening magnetic cylinders are symmetrically installed on the cylinder bottom plates, and multiple push plates are respectively installed on the push rods of the box-fastening magnetic cylinders.

4. The automatic fastening and loosening casting sand box device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The sand box tensioning actuator includes a buckle box cylinder auxiliary frame, and the buckle box cylinder auxiliary frame includes a guide rod fixing plate, a buckle box guide sleeve and a buckle box guide rod. Buckle box guide sleeves are respectively installed at both ends of the guide rod fixing plate, and one end of the two buckle box guide rods are respectively movable through the buckle box guide sleeves and fixed on the push plate.

5. The automatic fastening and loosening casting sand box device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: It also includes a buckle box electromagnetic reversing valve, a lifting electromagnetic reversing valve, a lifting fast electromagnetic valve, a lifting pressure regulating valve and a PLC control system. Multiple buckle box electromagnetic reversing valves are respectively installed on the air path of each buckle box magnetic cylinder, and the front end of each buckle box magnetic cylinder is respectively installed with a first magnetic switch, and the rear end is respectively installed with a second magnetic switch. The lifting fast electromagnetic valve and the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively installed on the air path of the lifting magnetic cylinder, and the lifting fast electromagnetic valve and the lifting pressure regulating valve are respectively connected to the air inlet path of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve, and the top of the lifting magnetic cylinder is respectively installed with a third magnetic switch, and the bottom end is respectively installed with a fourth magnetic switch. A rotary proximity switch is respectively installed on one side of each guide groove, and the buckle box electromagnetic reversing valve, the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve, the lifting fast electromagnetic valve, the lifting pressure regulating valve, the first magnetic switch, the second magnetic switch, the third magnetic switch, the fourth magnetic switch, the rotary proximity switch, the electric torque wrench and the pneumatic torque wrench are respectively connected to the PLC control system.

6. The automatic fastening and loosening casting sand box device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The bracket is in an inverted U shape, the top plate is in an I shape, the guide groove is in a U shape, and a trumpet-shaped through hole is provided at the bottom.

7. The method for fastening and loosening a casting sand box of the automatic fastening and loosening casting sand box device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: The transfer cart carrying the sand box on the production line is transferred to the box fastening station, and the sand box is fastened by the sand box loosening and tightening actuator and the electric torque wrench at the box fastening station. After the PLC control system receives the signal that the sand box is fastened in place, it releases the transfer cart to continue to flow; Step 2: The transfer cart carrying the cast sand box on the production line is transferred to the unpacking station, where the sand box is unpacked by the sand box loosening and tightening actuator and the pneumatic torque wrench. After the PLC control system receives the unpacking arrival signal, it releases the transfer cart to continue its circulation.

8. The method for fastening and loosening a casting sand box according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps for fastening the sand box are as follows: when the circulation trolley carrying the sand box is at the box fastening position, the PLC control system opens the extension switch of the box fastening electromagnetic reversing valve, controls the box fastening magnetic cylinder to drive the push plate to extend, and pushes the box fastening claw into the sand box fastening position. The PLC control system sends a push plate in place signal through the first magnetic switch, opens the descending switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve and the lifting fast electromagnetic valve to control the lifting magnetic cylinder to drive the lifting fixed plate to descend quickly, and sends a fast descent in place signal through the fourth magnetic switch, closes the lifting fast electromagnetic valve, and the lifting magnetic cylinder drives the lifting fixed plate to descend slowly, and at the same time controls the electric torque wrench to drive the loosening The tightening mechanism presses the sand box, and the PLC control system detects that the electric torque wrench has no action for n seconds through the rotating proximity switch, and sends a tightening signal, closes the descending switch of the lifting solenoid reversing valve, opens the lifting fast solenoid valve and the rising switch of the lifting solenoid reversing valve to control the lifting magnetic cylinder to drive the lifting fixed plate to rise quickly, and sends a rising signal to the third magnetic switch, closes the lifting fast solenoid valve and the lifting switch of the lifting solenoid reversing valve, and at the same time closes the retraction switch of the buckle box solenoid reversing valve, the buckle box magnetic cylinder drives the push plate to retract, and sends a retraction signal to the second magnetic switch to release the circulation trolley to continue circulation.

9. The method for fastening and loosening a casting sand box according to claim 8, characterized in that: The torque of the electric torque wrench is set to 60-80 N.M, and the rotation speed is 70 rpm.

10. The method for fastening and loosening a casting sand box according to claim 7, characterized in that: The unpacking steps are as follows: when the transfer trolley carrying the sand box after pouring is at the unpacking station, the PLC control system opens the extension switch of the box buckle electromagnetic reversing valve, controls the box buckle magnetic cylinder to drive the push plate to extend, and pushes the box buckling claw into the sand box buckling position. The PLC control system sends a push plate in place signal through the first magnetic switch, opens the descending switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve and the lifting fast electromagnetic valve to control the lifting magnetic cylinder to drive the lifting fixed plate to descend quickly, and sends a descending in place signal through the fourth magnetic switch, closes the descending switch of the lifting fast electromagnetic valve and the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve, opens the rising switch of the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve, controls the lifting magnetic cylinder to drive The lifting fixed plate rises slowly, and at the same time, the pneumatic torque wrench is controlled to drive the tensioning mechanism to detach from the sand box. The PLC control system sends a box-detaching position signal every m seconds through the continuous normal working signal of the pneumatic torque wrench monitored by the rotating proximity switch, turns off the pneumatic torque wrench, opens the lifting fast solenoid valve to control the lifting magnetic cylinder to drive the lifting fixed plate to rise quickly, and sends a rising position signal through the third magnetic switch, turns off the rising switch of the lifting fast solenoid valve and the lifting electromagnetic reversing valve, and at the same time turns off the retraction switch of the buckle box electromagnetic reversing valve, controls the buckle box magnetic cylinder to drive the push plate to retract, and sends a retraction position signal through the second magnetic switch to release the circulation trolley to continue circulation.

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