Hard rock roadheader cutting arm and cutting head device with advance slotting and phase-to-phase cutting

Abstract

This invention discloses a cutting arm and cutting head device for a hard rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) with advanced grooving and alternating cutting. It includes a cutting head with alternating advanced cutters and cutting heads, a parallelogram-type double-section cutting arm with a linkage mechanism of two sets of synchronous pitch cylinders and one swing cylinder, a parallelogram-type double-section cutting arm assembly, a pair of universal joint assemblies supporting the bottom of the cutting arm, a pair of universal joint assemblies supporting the top of the pitch cylinders, left and right connecting plates connected to the upper support plate of the pitch cylinders via a high-pair connection, a telescopic cylinder support assembly for the double-section cutting arm, a swing cylinder support assembly, and a base frame support assembly. Its key feature is that the left and right sections of the cutting head are each driven by a ball motor with opposite directions. The entire cutting head performs vertical cutting and horizontal repositioning translational movements. At one tunneling depth, the TBM chassis remains stationary; all relative rotation and movement are powered by hydraulic oil. This solution reduces the difficulty of cutting and breaking rock while increasing the tunneling speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention patent relates to the combined crushing method and mechanics of advanced grooving and subsequent cutting in hard rock tunnels, specifically a cutting arm and cutting head device for a hard rock tunneling machine that combines advanced grooving and alternating cutting. Background Technology

[0002] The "Engineering Rock Mass Classification Standard" GB50218-94 classifies rocks into hard rocks and soft rocks according to their hardness. Hard rocks are further subdivided into hard rocks (such as granite, syenite, diorite, quartzite, etc.) and relatively hard rocks (marble, dolomite, slate, etc.). The "hard rocks" referred to in this patent are various rocks with a Protodyakonov coefficient between 6 and 15. While full-face tunnel boring machines (TBMs) have many advantages, they cannot create tunnel sections with approximately rectangular arched roofs. Tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are categorized into longitudinal-axis cantilever TBMs and transverse-axis cantilever TBMs. Longitudinal-axis cantilever TBMs can cut the required tunnel cross-section, but require numerous left-right and up-down cyclic swings to complete the full cross-section cutting, resulting in a relatively slow tunneling speed. Transverse-axis cantilever TBMs can also cut the required tunnel cross-section, but the geometry of the tunnel in the tunneling direction is approximately a concave spherical cap. Compared to a planar cross-section, this results in a longer path, higher power consumption, and longer time consumption. Because a single shaft drives both cutting heads, the rock to be broken has only one free surface. Under the pressure of the rock above, the shear strength of the rock being cut is not significantly weakened, making it difficult to increase the breaking speed. Furthermore, the large cutting resistance torque leads to a large working force for the cutting arm lifting cylinder and increases the structural dimensions. Otherwise, the rigidity is low. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the current horizontal axis cantilever tunneling machine where the cutting heads on both sides are driven by the same shaft, the cutting head is designed with the left and right cutting heads rotating at the same speed but in opposite directions. When switching left and right, the axis of the cutting head moves in translation. When cutting up and down, the axis of the cutting head moves vertically. The cross-sectional shape in the tunnel advancing direction is planar. In order to overcome the difficulty of the current horizontal axis cantilever tunneling machine where the cutting teeth cut only one free face of rock, the method of advance grooving and then cutting is adopted. The advance grooving is completed by the cutting tool. At this time, the rock facing the cutting teeth has two or three free faces. Not only is the shear strength of the rock being cut effectively weakened, but the compressive strength is also effectively weakened. In this way, the tunneling speed is improved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention addresses the aforementioned problems by providing a cutting arm and cutting head device for a hard rock tunnel boring machine that features advanced grooving and alternating cutting. This overcomes the problem of the long cutting time required for repositioning in current horizontal cantilever tunnel boring machines, and also overcomes the problem of the difficulty in cutting a single free face of rock with current cutting teeth.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunnel boring machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting as described in this invention includes a parallelogram-shaped double-section cutting arm assembly, a pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies, a pair of cutting arm bottom support assemblies, a pair of universal joint assemblies with top support for pitch cylinders, a pair of universal joint assemblies with bottom support for pitch cylinders, a swing cylinder support assembly, a telescopic cylinder support assembly, a combined cutting head, a base frame support assembly, a left drive sleeve assembly, a cutting arm front end cover assembly, a front cutting arm assembly, a pair of pitch cylinder assemblies, a pair of telescopic cylinder assemblies, and a right drive sleeve assembly.

[0006] The combined cutting head includes a left cutting head and a right cutting head. The left cutting head and the right cutting head are driven to rotate by independent steel ball motors, and the left cutting head and the right cutting head rotate in opposite directions.

[0007] The combined cutting head consists of a cutting and slicing roller assembly composed of a left drive sleeve assembly, a cutting arm front end cover assembly, a right drive sleeve assembly, and a front cutting arm assembly; the cutting head assembly is a combined cutting head with a cutting blade making a leading cutting groove and cutting teeth making alternating cutting.

[0008] The top of the pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies along the extension direction is rotatably connected to the front cutting arm assembly via a pair of support shafts, and the bottom of the pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies along the extension direction is connected to the cutting arm lower support assembly via a universal joint.

[0009] The telescopic cylinder assembly is used to drive the paired double-section cutting arm assemblies to achieve axial equal extension and retraction of the pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies. The upper ends of the pair of pitch cylinder assemblies are connected to the pair of variable-length cutting arm support assemblies by a universal joint. The lower ends of the pair of pitch cylinder assemblies are connected to the base frame support assembly by a universal joint. The combined control of the equal extension and retraction of the pair of pitch cylinder assemblies and the pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies achieves the vertical movement of the cutting head.

[0010] The combined cutting head cuts out a flat bottom and an arc-shaped top with a height of H. x And for a roadway cross-section with a roadway width of L0, the maximum vertical displacement of the cutting head axis is H. g The outer diameter of the cutting head is D. g The height H from the lower support axis of the cutting arm to the bottom of the roadway is z The height H from the lower support axis of the pitch cylinder to the bottom of the tunnel is f The pitch cylinder is an HSG type engineering hydraulic cylinder, and the minimum length of the pitch cylinder is L. f1 The maximum length of the pitch cylinder is L f2 The telescopic cylinder is an HSG type engineering hydraulic cylinder, and the minimum length of the telescopic cylinder is H. s The stroke of the telescopic cylinder is S sThe swing cylinder is an HSG type engineering hydraulic cylinder, and the shortest length of the swing cylinder is H. b The stroke of the swing cylinder is S b The maximum elevation angle of the cutting arm is β gs The maximum depression angle of the cutting arm is β gx The maximum angle at which the cutting arm swings to the left is α. kz The maximum angle of rightward swing of the cutting arm is α. ky The lower support axis of the cutting arm is O1;

[0011] When the length of the pitch cylinder is L f1 To L f2 At the same time, the attitude angle of the cutter arm changes from β gx to β gs The cutting head swings up and down at the same time.

[0012] The combined cutting head moves vertically up and down by controlling the length changes of a pair of pitch cylinder assemblies and a pair of telescopic cylinder assemblies. The length changes of these assemblies are controlled by a hydraulic servo system. The parallelogram-shaped double-section cutting arm assembly constrains the combined cutting head to perform 3-4 translational cuts from left to right. When the length of the swing cylinder in the swing cylinder support assembly changes from H... b S-shaped extension b At the same time, the swing angle of the cutting arm changes from α kz To α ky The cutting head is moved left and right during the operation; the swing cylinder is located below and behind the base support assembly.

[0013] The piston rod of the swing cylinder is rotatably connected to the rocker arm at the lower cross shaft end. The rocker arm at the lower cross shaft end is fitted onto the left end of the lower swing cross shaft. The cylinder body of the swing cylinder is rotatably connected to the rear support of the swing cylinder.

[0014] The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunnel boring machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting described in this invention, wherein the pair of variable length cutting arm assemblies are composed of a first cutting arm section and a second cutting arm section that are symmetrical and have the same structure.

[0015] The first cutting arm includes a top side plate, a bottom side plate, a left side plate, a right side plate, a front stiffener, a left front lug, and a right front lug.

[0016] The left side plate and the right side plate of the first cutting arm are arranged parallel to each other. The top side plate and the bottom side plate of the first cutting arm are welded to the upper and lower parts of the left side plate and the right side plate of the first cutting arm, respectively, to form a square frame. The front stiffener plate of the first cutting arm is welded to the upper part of the square frame, and the front left ear seat and the front right ear seat of the telescopic cylinder are welded to the lower part of the square frame.

[0017] The second section of the cutting arm includes the left rear lug of the telescopic cylinder, the right rear lug of the telescopic cylinder, the top side plate of the second section of the cutting arm, the bottom side plate of the second section of the cutting arm, the left side plate of the second section of the cutting arm, the right side plate of the second section of the cutting arm, the left bottom support of the second section of the cutting arm, and the left top support of the second section of the cutting arm.

[0018] The left side plate and the right side plate of the second cutting arm are arranged parallel to each other. The top side plate and the bottom side plate of the second cutting arm are welded to the top and bottom of the left side plate and the right side plate of the second cutting arm, respectively, to form a square frame. The lower part of the square frame is welded with the left rear ear seat and the right rear ear seat of the telescopic cylinder. The lower end of the square frame is welded with the left bottom support and the left top support of the second cutting arm.

[0019] The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunnel boring machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting as described in this invention, wherein the independent cutting arm bottom support assembly of the pair of cutting arm bottom support assemblies includes a lower central support for the cutting arm, a lower horizontal support shaft for the cutting arm, an upper support shaft at the lower end of the cutting arm, an upper support shaft limiting plate, an upper support shaft limiting plate screw, a lower support shaft sleeve, a pin for the lower horizontal support shaft, a lower support shaft at the lower end of the cutting arm, a lower support shaft limiting plate, and a lower support plate limiting plate screw;

[0020] The top of the lower center support of the cutting arm forms a rotating joint with the top side plate of the second cutting arm and the left top support of the second cutting arm through the upper support shaft of the lower end of the cutting arm. The bottom of the lower center support of the cutting arm forms a rotating joint with the bottom side plate of the second cutting arm and the left bottom support of the second cutting arm through the lower support shaft of the lower end of the cutting arm. This solves the problem of left and right swing of a pair of variable length cutting arms about the roadway. Both the upper support shaft of the lower end of the cutting arm and the lower support shaft of the lower end of the cutting arm are stepped shafts.

[0021] The lower horizontal support shaft of the cutting arm is connected to the lower center support of the cutting arm by a shaft hole and positioned by the upper support shaft at the lower end of the cutting arm and the lower support shaft at the lower end of the cutting arm. The two ends of the lower horizontal support shaft of the cutting arm and one lower support shaft sleeve on each side form a rotating pair. One lower support shaft sleeve on each side and one lower horizontal support on each side of the cutting arm are interference-fitted. The pin of the lower horizontal support shaft positions the lower horizontal support shaft of the cutting arm on the base frame support assembly.

[0022] During the cutting operation, a pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies are positioned with the cutting arm's lower support axis O1 at the maximum elevation angle β of the cutting arm.gs The maximum depression angle β of the cutting arm gx The maximum angle between the interval and the leftward swing of the cutting arm is α. kz The maximum angle of rightward swing of the cutting arm is α. ky It makes omnidirectional motion within the interval.

[0023] The cutting arm and cutting head device for a hard rock tunnel boring machine with advanced grooving and alternating cutting as described in this invention includes a universal joint assembly supported at the top of a single pitch cylinder, comprising a second section of the cutting arm bottom support, left and right connecting plates, a rear support shaft of the connecting plate, an upper support plate of the pitch cylinder, a left pressure plate of the ball joint shaft, an upper ball joint shaft at the center of the cutting arm, a right pressure plate of the ball joint shaft, a front support shaft of the connecting plate, pins of the front and rear support shafts, ball joint pressure plate bolts, ball joint pressure plate nuts, a right half retaining ring of the bottom support, a left half retaining ring of the bottom support, pins of the left and right half retaining rings, a piston rod of the pitch cylinder, an upper support shaft of the pitch cylinder, and an upper pin of the pitch cylinder.

[0024] The second section of the cutting arm bottom support is welded to the lower part of the bottom side plate of the second section of the cutting arm. The left and right connecting plates form a rotating pair with the second section of the cutting arm bottom support through the rear support shaft of the connecting plate. The pins of the front and rear support shafts position the front support shaft of the connecting plate on the left and right connecting plates. The ball joint shaft at the center of the cutting arm is interference-fitted into the hole in the middle of the left and right connecting plates. The right half retaining ring and the left half retaining ring of the bottom support are engaged in the groove at the upper part of the ball joint shaft at the center of the cutting arm and are positioned by the left and right half retaining ring pins. The ball joint shaft at the center of the cutting arm and the upper support plate of the pitch cylinder form a spherical pair. The lower left and right sides of the left and right connecting plates are of width B. s The expression for the end face function of the convex arc body is as follows:

[0025] R st =H2-H3 / cosβ gt ;

[0026] H2 is the support height of the ball joint shaft at the center of the cutting arm, H3 is the support height of the upper support plate of the pitch cylinder, and R st β is the radial direction supporting the left and right convex end faces. gt Let β be any pitch angle of the cutting arm about the horizontal axis. gt When = 0, R st =R s R s The maximum radial distance of the left and right supporting convex arc end faces;

[0027] The convex arc body and the top surface of the upper support plate of the pitch cylinder form a high pair;

[0028] The ball joint shaft at the center of the cutting arm is limited by the left and right pressure plates of the ball joint shaft and fixed by the ball joint pressure plate bolts and nuts. The piston rod of the pitch cylinder is rotatably connected to the upper support plate of the pitch cylinder through the upper support shaft of the pitch cylinder and positioned by the upper pin shaft of the pitch cylinder. The ball joint shaft at the center of the cutting arm, the upper support plate of the pitch cylinder, the left pressure plate of the ball joint shaft, and the right pressure plate of the ball joint shaft form a universal transmission.

[0029] The cutting arm and cutting head device for a hard rock tunneling machine with advanced grooving and alternating cutting as described in this invention, wherein the universal joint assembly supported at the bottom of the pitch cylinder includes a pair of pitch cylinder bodies, a lower swing cross shaft, a lower cross shaft retaining ring, a lower cross shaft pin, a base plate connecting bolt, a base plate connecting nut, a central upper horizontal support plate, a central upper vertical support plate, a vertical support plate pin, a vertical support plate connecting bolt, a vertical support plate connecting nut, a central upper support, a central upper sleeve, a central lower thrust plate, a central lower horizontal support plate, a central lower support, a central lower sleeve, and a rear transverse support plate;

[0030] The cylinder bodies of the pair of pitch cylinders and the two sides of the lower swing cross shaft form a rotating pair. The lower cross shaft retaining rings and lower cross shaft pins are installed at both ends of the lower swing cross shaft for positioning. The upper vertical shaft section of the lower swing cross shaft and the upper central sleeve form a rotating pair. The upper central sleeve and the upper central support are interference-fitted. The upper central support is welded to the upper central horizontal support plate. The upper central horizontal support plate is welded to the upper central vertical support plate. The upper central vertical support plate is positioned by the vertical support plate pin and fixed to the rear transverse support plate by the vertical support plate connecting bolts and the vertical support plate connecting nuts.

[0031] The lower vertical shaft section of the lower swing cross shaft forms a rotating pair with the lower central sleeve. The lower central sleeve is interference-fitted with the lower central support. The lower central support is welded to the lower central horizontal support plate. The lower central horizontal support plate is welded to the rear transverse support plate. The lower central horizontal support plate is fixedly connected to the tunneling machine chassis. The lower central thrust plate is interference-fitted into the hole of the lower central support and located on the lower central horizontal support plate. The lower vertical shaft lower end face of the lower swing cross shaft and the lower central thrust plate form a thrust sliding bearing. The pitch cylinder assembly forms a universal joint assembly with the frame under the connection of the lower swing cross shaft.

[0032] The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunnel boring machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting described in this invention.

[0033] The swing cylinder support assembly includes a lower cross shaft retaining ring, a lower cross shaft pin, a lower cross shaft end swing rod, a swing cylinder front support shaft, a swing cylinder front pin, a swing cylinder, a swing cylinder rear support shaft, a swing cylinder rear pin, a swing cylinder rear support, a rear longitudinal support plate, a rear support pin, a rear support connecting bolt, and a rear support connecting nut.

[0034] The lower cross shaft end swing rod and the front section of the lower swing cross shaft are rotatably connected. The lower cross shaft end swing rod forms a rotating pair with the piston rod of the swing cylinder through the front support shaft of the swing cylinder and is positioned by the front pin of the swing cylinder. The cylinder body of the swing cylinder forms a rotating pair with the rear support of the swing cylinder through the rear support shaft of the swing cylinder and is positioned by the rear pin of the swing cylinder. The rear support of the swing cylinder is fixed to the rear longitudinal support plate through the rear support connecting bolt and the rear support connecting nut and is positioned by the rear support pin. The extension and retraction of the swing cylinder drives the lower swing cross shaft to swing around the lower support axis O2 of the pitch cylinder. The swing of the lower swing cross shaft drives a pair of pitch cylinder assemblies to swing around the lower support axis O2 of the pitch cylinder. The swing of the pair of pitch cylinder assemblies drives a pair of variable length cutting arm assemblies to swing along the line connecting the lower support axis O1 of the cutting arm and the lower support axis O2 of the pitch cylinder. The swing of the pair of variable length cutting arm assemblies drives the combined cutting head to perform left and right translational repositioning. The swing cylinder only operates when the cutting head is repositioned.

[0035] The telescopic cylinder support assembly includes a telescopic cylinder, a front support shaft for the telescopic cylinder, a front pin shaft for the telescopic cylinder, a rear support shaft for the telescopic cylinder, and a rear pin shaft for the telescopic cylinder. The piston rod of the telescopic cylinder forms a rotating joint with the front left and front right ear seats of the telescopic cylinder via the front support shaft and is positioned by the front pin shaft. The cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder forms a rotating joint with the rear left and rear right ear seats of the telescopic cylinder via the rear support shaft and is positioned by the rear pin shaft.

[0036] The present invention relates to a cutting arm and cutting head device for a hard rock tunnel boring machine with advanced grooving and alternating cutting. The combined cutting head includes a left cutting head, a right cutting head, and a central support assembly. Cutting tools and helically distributed cutting teeth are alternately installed on the outer axial direction of the sleeve of the left cutting head, and cutting tools and helically distributed cutting teeth are also alternately installed on the outer axial direction of the sleeve of the right cutting head. The cutting tools and cutting teeth on the left cutting head and the right cutting head are installed at opposite angles.

[0037] The combined cutting head includes a left inner support sleeve, a cutting tool assembly, a bearing outer ring, rollers, a bearing inner ring, and an outer end face V. D O-ring seal, water circuit inner seal, water circuit outer seal, front cutting arm key, intermediate support sleeve, water supply pipe O-ring, water supply pipe inner connector, water supply pipe outer connector, right inner support sleeve, inner support O-ring, inner support retaining ring, left steel ball motor assembly, left drive sleeve assembly, cutting tooth assembly, cutting arm front end cover assembly, front cutting arm front half end cover, front cutting arm assembly, right drive sleeve assembly, right steel ball motor assembly;

[0038] The left inner support sleeve and the right inner support sleeve are axially fixed, and the left drive sleeve assembly and the right drive sleeve assembly are respectively installed on the outer edge surfaces of the left inner support sleeve and the right inner support sleeve through rollers and bearing inner rings.

[0039] The left inner support sleeve is equipped with a left steel ball motor assembly, which is used to drive the left drive sleeve assembly to rotate. A cutting tool assembly and a cutting tooth assembly are axially arranged on the left drive sleeve assembly.

[0040] The cutting arm front cover assembly and the front cutting arm assembly are connected by bolts to form a supporting unit;

[0041] The left steel ball motor assembly includes a left steel ball motor, a motor connecting spline, a motor connecting screw, and a left-end thrust ring; the left drive sleeve assembly includes a left drive sleeve and a water pipe nozzle.

[0042] The left steel ball motor is connected to the left drive sleeve via a motor connection spline. The left steel ball motor is fixed to the left inner support sleeve via a motor connection screw. The left end thrust ring is an axial thrust ring between the left inner support sleeve and the left drive sleeve. The water pipe nozzles are a set and are evenly distributed circumferentially on the left drive sleeve.

[0043] The right ball motor assembly includes a right ball motor, a right motor connecting spline, a right motor connecting screw, a right end thrust ring, and a right drive sleeve;

[0044] The right inner support sleeve is fixedly installed with a right motor connecting screw. The right steel ball motor drives the right drive sleeve assembly to rotate through the right motor connecting spline. The right end thrust ring is the thrust ring between the right inner support sleeve and the right drive sleeve. The right steel ball motor assembly and the right drive sleeve assembly have the same drive structure as the left steel ball motor assembly and the left drive sleeve assembly.

[0045] The bearing inner ring and the left section outer diameter of the left inner support sleeve are in a small interference fit, and the bearing outer ring and the right section inner diameter of the left drive sleeve are in a small clearance fit.

[0046] The left section of the hole supports the left inner support sleeve, and the right section of the hole supports the right inner support sleeve. The left inner support sleeve and the right inner support sleeve are constrained from rotating with the support body by the front cutting arm key.

[0047] The cutting arm front end cover assembly includes a front half end cover of the cutting arm, a water supply left end seal, a water supply left end elastic support, a water supply right end elastic support, a water supply right end seal, front and rear half end cover connecting bolts, front and rear half end cover connecting nuts, front and rear half end cover connecting washers, and front and rear half end cover connecting pins.

[0048] The front half end cover of the cutting arm has an axial water hole K. zs Circumferential water troughs K at both ends of the front end cover sc The elastic support at the left end of the water supply presses the seal at the left end of the water supply onto the right end face of the left inner support sleeve.

[0049] The inner seal of the water passage is installed in the outer groove on the right side of the left inner support sleeve, and the outer seal of the water passage is installed in the middle groove on the right side of the left inner support sleeve. The inner and outer seals of the water passage achieve the sealing of the left water passage. When the left drive sleeve inside the left inner support sleeve is axially distributed with four circumferentially distributed water holes K tz The angle α falling on the cut-off water spray area p When the water supply is in the interval, water is sprayed from the left side of the water supply channel. The elastic support at the right end of the water supply presses the seal at the right end of the water supply onto the left end face of the right inner support sleeve 14. When the right drive sleeve of the right inner support sleeve 14 is axially driven, the four circumferentially distributed water holes K are evenly distributed. ty The angle α falling on the cut-off water spray area p During the interval, water sprays from the right side of the waterway;

[0050] The front cutting arm assembly includes a rear half end cover of the front cutting arm, a left side connecting plate of the end cover, a right side connecting plate of the end cover, an upper connecting plate of the end cover, a front end support of the front cutting arm, a front end support shaft, a support shaft retaining ring, and a support shaft O-ring seal.

[0051] The front cutting arm assembly is rotatably connected to a pair of variable length cutting arm assemblies via a pair of front end support shafts.

[0052] The front end of the left connecting plate of the end cap is welded to the left end of the rear half end cap of the front cutting arm, and the rear end is welded to the left side of the front support of the front cutting arm. The front end of the right connecting plate of the end cap is welded to the right end of the rear half end cap of the front cutting arm, and the rear end is welded to the right side of the front support of the front cutting arm. The upper connecting plate of the end cap is welded to the rear half end cap of the front cutting arm, the left connecting plate of the end cap, the right connecting plate of the end cap, the upper connecting plate of the end cap, and the front support of the front cutting arm.

[0053] The front half end cover of the front cutting arm is positioned by the connecting pin of the front and rear half end covers, and the front half end cover of the front cutting arm is connected to the rear half end cover of the front cutting arm by the connecting bolt of the front and rear half end covers, the connecting nut of the front and rear half end covers, and the connecting washer of the front and rear half end covers.

[0054] The rear half end cap of the front cutting arm is connected to the left inner support sleeve and the right inner support sleeve respectively by a pair of front cutting arm keys;

[0055] The front half end cover and the rear half end cover of the front cutting arm together form the front cutting arm end cover. The left end of the front cutting arm end cover is connected to the outer end face V. D The V-shaped sealing ring achieves a rotational seal with the right end face of the left drive sleeve, and the right end of the front cutting arm end cap is sealed through the outer end face V. D The sealing ring achieves rotational sealing with the left end face of the right drive sleeve. The right and left sides of the front cutting arm end cap are mirror images. The left inner hole of the front cutting arm end cap constrains the axial movement of the left inner support sleeve through a stepped structure, and the left inner hole of the front cutting arm end cap constrains the axial movement of the left drive sleeve through a stepped structure.

[0056] The cutting arm and cutting head device for a hard rock tunnel boring machine with advanced grooving and alternating cutting as described in this invention includes a base frame support assembly comprising a lower horizontal support for the cutting arm, a vertical support plate for the base frame, left and right connecting plates for the base frame, a middle support plate for the base frame, side base plates for the base frame, base plate connecting bolts, base plate connecting nuts, a rear longitudinal support plate, a rear support pin, a rear support connecting bolt, a rear support connecting nut, a rear transverse support plate, a rear right stiffening plate, and a rear left stiffening plate.

[0057] The vertical support plates of the base frame are arranged in pairs on the left and right, and the horizontal supports under the cutting arm are welded to the corresponding vertical support plates of the base frame. The left and right connecting plates of the base frame are welded to the paired vertical support plates on the left and right, respectively, and the middle support plate of the base frame is welded above the left and right connecting plates of the base frame and located at the center.

[0058] The bottom ends of the left and right paired vertical support plates of the underframe are respectively welded with the underframe side base plates; a rear transverse support plate is provided between the left and right paired vertical support plates; the underframe side base plates are connected to the tunneling machine chassis through base plate connecting bolts and base plate connecting nuts; the height H from the lower support axis of the pitch cylinder in the middle of the underframe support assembly to the bottom of the roadway is... f The upper middle space is the channel for the scraper conveyor to transport rocks.

[0059] Beneficial effects

[0060] The present invention provides a cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunnel boring machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting. This device combines advanced grooving with cutting rock breaking methods, transforming the current method of cutting rock breaking, which only faces one free face of rock, into rock with two or three free faces, thereby reducing the difficulty of cutting rock breaking and increasing the speed of tunneling.

[0061] The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunneling machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting provided by the present invention designs the cutting head as a structure in which the left and right sections of the cutting head rotate at the same speed but in opposite directions, so that the circumferential resistance of the rock to the cutting head is theoretically completely offset and practically mostly offset, thereby reducing the support force on the boom pitch cylinder.

[0062] The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunneling machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting provided by this invention has telescopic cylinders installed in the first and second cutting arm sections. By controlling the extension and retraction of the telescopic cylinders, the axis of the cutting head can move vertically up and down instead of in a circular arc. As a result, the cutting path is shorter under the same tunneling progress, thus the tunneling speed is faster.

[0063] The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunneling machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting provided by the present invention performs translational cutting rather than oscillating cutting, so that the cross-section of the cut roadway is presented as one vertical plane and another vertical plane rather than one arc surface and another arc surface.

[0064] The present invention provides a cutting arm and cutting head device for a hard rock tunnel boring machine with advanced grooving and alternating cutting. The method for realizing the cutting head repositioning in a translational manner adopts two cutting arm assemblies of equal length. The upper ends of the two cutting arm assemblies are connected to the cutting head assembly by rotating joints, and the lower ends of the two cutting arm assemblies are connected to the lower support assembly of the cutting arm by universal joints, thereby forming a parallelogram mechanism, which ensures that the cutting head is repositioned in a translational manner.

[0065] The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunneling machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting provided by this invention, and the method of realizing the cutting head changing position in a translational manner, leads to the fact that the pitch cylinder assembly does not directly support the two cutting arm assemblies of equal length, but provides upper support through the cutting arm support assembly, and the cutting arm support assembly and the two cutting arms of equal length are connected through a spherical pair.

[0066] The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunneling machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting provided by this invention, and the method of realizing the cutting head's translational repositioning, introduces the swing cylinder assembly. Thus, the translational repositioning and cutting operation of the cutting head are realized through the force transmission of the pitch cylinder assembly and the force transmission of a pair of high-pairs forces formed by the upper support plate and the left and right connecting plates of the pitch cylinder. The propulsion resistance torque generated when the cutting head is offset to the left or right position in the roadway is ultimately borne by the swing cylinder assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0067] Figure 1 This is a left view of the cutting arm and cutting head assembly;

[0068] Figure 2 This is a view of the cutting arm and cutting head assembly from direction A;

[0069] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the hydraulic motor-driven cutting and slitting head assembly;

[0070] Figure 4 It is a process diagram showing the cutting and slitting of rock from top to bottom and the cutting and sliding of rock from left to right three times.

[0071] Figure 5 This is a top view of the front support assembly of the first cutting arm;

[0072] Figure 6 This is a left view of the front support assembly of the first cutting arm;

[0073] Figure 7 This is the front view of the left drive sleeve and cutting tool assembly;

[0074] Figure 8 This is a left view of the left drive sleeve and cutting tool assembly;

[0075] Figure 9This is a view of the double cutting arm, double pitch cylinders, and universal joint about the axis of the double cutting arm;

[0076] Figure 10 This is an axial view of the first section of the cutting arm;

[0077] Figure 11 This is an axial view of the second cutting arm;

[0078] Figure 12 This is a left view of the cutting arm telescopic cylinder and lower support assembly;

[0079] Figure 13 It is a top view of the double cutting arm, double telescopic cylinders, and universal joint;

[0080] Figure 14 This is a left view of the connection between the cutting arm, the pitch cylinder, and the underframe;

[0081] Figure 15 This is a right view of the connection between the double cutting arm, the double pitch cylinders, and the underframe;

[0082] Figure 16 This is a left view of the connection between the base frame structure and the swing cylinder;

[0083] Figure 17 This is a top view showing the connection between the base frame structure, the right swing arm of the cutting arm, and the swing cylinder.

[0084] Figure 18 This is a top view showing the connection between the base frame structure, the left swing arm of the cutting arm, and the swing cylinder.

[0085] Figure 19 It is a cross-sectional view of the connection assembly between the hydraulic motor and the left and right drive sleeves;

[0086] Figure 20 This is a front view of a partial structure of the left segment of the cutting head;

[0087] Figure 21 This is a left view of a partial structure of the left segment of the cutting head;

[0088] Figure 22 This is a front view of a partial structure of the right segment of the cutting head;

[0089] Figure 23 This is a left view of a partial structure of the right segment of the cutting head;

[0090] Figure 24 This is the front view of the right drive sleeve and cutting tool assembly;

[0091] Figure 25 This is a left view of the right drive sleeve and cutting tool assembly;

[0092] Figure 26 This is a left view of the seal at the left end of the water supply unit;

[0093] Figure 27 This is an enlarged view of the cross-section of the AA section of the left-end sealing component of the water supply system;

[0094] Figure 28 This is an enlarged view of the cross-section of the BB section of the left-end sealing component of the water supply unit;

[0095] Figure 29 This is an enlarged view of the CC section of the left-end sealing component of the water supply system;

[0096] Figure 30 This is the left view of the elastic support member at the left end of the water supply line;

[0097] Figure 31 This is an enlarged view of the cross-section of the elastic support member AA at the left end of the water supply.

[0098] Figure 32 This is an enlarged view of the cross-section of the elastic support member BB at the left end of the water supply.

[0099] Figure 33 This is an enlarged view of the BB section after the left end seal and the left end elastic support of the water supply are pressed together;

[0100] Figure 34 This is the left view of the left and right connecting plates and the upper support plate of the pitch cylinder;

[0101] Figure 35 This is a graph showing the relationship between the functions of the lower convex arc end faces of the left and right connecting plates;

[0102] In the diagram, 1 is the left inner support sleeve; 2 is the cutting tool assembly; 3 is the outer ring of the bearing; 4 is the roller; 5 is the inner ring of the bearing; and 6 is the outer end face V. D 7. O-ring seal; 8. Water circuit internal seal; 9. Water circuit external seal; 10. Front cutting arm key; 11. Intermediate support sleeve; 12. Water supply pipe O-ring; 13. Water supply pipe internal connector; 14. Water supply pipe external connector; 15. Right inner support sleeve; 16. Inner support O-ring; 17. Inner support retaining ring; 18. Left steel ball motor assembly; 29. ​​Left drive sleeve assembly; 20. Left cutting tooth assembly; 21. Cutting arm front end cover assembly; 22. Front cutting arm assembly; 33. A pair of variable length cutting arms assembly; 44. Pitch cylinder assembly; 55. Telescopic cylinder assembly; 66. Cutting arm lower support assembly; 77. Swing cylinder assembly; 88. Base support assembly; 99. Right drive sleeve assembly; 10. Right steel ball motor assembly.

[0103] 2-1 Left cutting tool; 2-2 Left cutting tool pin;

[0104] 101 Steel ball motor; 102 Motor connection spline; 103 Motor connection screw; 104 Left end thrust ring;

[0105] 201 Left drive sleeve; 202 Water pipe nozzle;

[0106] 301 Left cutting tooth; 302 Left cutting tooth retainer; 303 Left cutting tooth holder;

[0107] 401 Front half end cap of the cutting arm; 402 Left end seal of the water supply; 403 Left end elastic support of the water supply; 404 Right end elastic support of the water supply; 405 Right end seal of the water supply; 406 Connecting bolts for the front and rear half end caps; 407 Connecting nuts for the front and rear half end caps; 408 Connecting washers for the front and rear half end caps; 409 Connecting pins for the front and rear half end caps.

[0108] 501 Rear end cap of the front cutting arm; 502 Left side connecting plate of the end cap; 503 Right side connecting plate of the end cap; 504 Upper connecting plate of the end cap; 505 Front end support of the front cutting arm; 506 Support shaft of the front end support; 507 Support shaft retaining ring; 508 Support shaft O-ring seal.

[0109] 601 Top side plate of the first cutting arm; 602 Bottom side plate of the first cutting arm; 603 Left side plate of the first cutting arm; 604 Right side plate of the first cutting arm; 605 Front stiffener plate of the first cutting arm; 606 Front left lug of the telescopic cylinder; 607 Front right lug of the telescopic cylinder; 608 Rear left lug of the telescopic cylinder; 609 Rear right lug of the telescopic cylinder; 610 Top side plate of the second cutting arm; 611 Bottom side plate of the second cutting arm; 612 Left side plate of the second cutting arm; 613 Right side plate of the second cutting arm; 614 Bottom support of the second cutting arm; 615 Left and right connections Plate; 616 Rear support shaft of connecting plate; 617 Upper support plate of pitch cylinder; 618 Left pressure plate of ball head shaft; 619 Upper ball head shaft at the center of the cutting arm; 620 Right pressure plate of ball head shaft; 621 Front support shaft of connecting plate; 622 Dust cover support; 623 Dust cover connecting screw; 624 Dust cover; 625 Left bottom support of the second section cutting arm; 626 Left top support of the second section cutting arm; 627 Pins of front and rear support shafts; 628 Ball head pressure plate bolt; 629 Ball head pressure plate nut; 630 Right half retaining ring of bottom support; 631 Left half retaining ring of bottom support; 632 Pins of left and right half retaining rings;

[0110] 701 Piston rod of pitch cylinder; 702 Cylinder body of pitch cylinder; 703 Upper support shaft of pitch cylinder; 704 Upper pin of pitch cylinder;

[0111] 801 Telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 802 Telescopic hydraulic cylinder front support shaft; 803 Telescopic hydraulic cylinder front pin shaft; 804 Telescopic hydraulic cylinder rear support shaft; 805 Telescopic hydraulic cylinder rear pin shaft;

[0112] 901 Lower center support of the cutting arm; 902 Lower horizontal support shaft of the cutting arm; 903 Upper support shaft at the lower end of the cutting arm; 904 Upper support shaft limiting plate; 905 Upper support shaft limiting plate screw; 906 Lower support shaft sleeve; 907 Pin of the lower horizontal support shaft; 908 Lower support shaft at the lower end of the cutting arm; 909 Lower support shaft limiting plate; 910 Lower support shaft limiting plate screw;

[0113] 1001 Lower swing cross shaft; 1002 Lower cross shaft retaining ring; 1003 Lower cross shaft pin; 1004 Lower cross shaft end rocker arm; 1005 Swing cylinder front support shaft; 1006 Swing cylinder front pin; 1007 Swing cylinder; 1008 Swing cylinder rear support shaft; 1009 Swing cylinder rear pin; 1010 Swing cylinder rear support;

[0114] 1101 Lower horizontal support for the cutting arm; 1102 Vertical support plate for the base frame; 1103 Left and right connecting plates for the base frame; 1104 Middle support plate for the base frame; 1105 Side base plate for the base frame; 1106 Base plate connecting bolts; 1107 Base plate connecting nuts; 1108 Upper horizontal support plate for the center; 1109 Upper vertical support plate for the center; 1110 Vertical support plate pin; 1111 Vertical support plate connecting bolts; 1112 Vertical support plate connecting nuts; 1113 Upper support for the center; 1114 Upper sleeve for the center; 1115 Lower thrust plate for the center; 1116 Lower horizontal support plate for the center; 1117 Lower support for the center; 1118 Lower sleeve for the center; 1119 Rear longitudinal support plate; 1120 Rear support pin; 1121 Rear support connecting bolts; 1122 Rear support connecting nuts; 1123 Rear transverse support plate; 1124 Rear right stiffening plate; 1125 Rear left stiffening plate;

[0115] 1201 Right drive sleeve; 1202 Right cutting tool; 1203 Right cutting tool pin;

[0116] 1301 Right ball motor; 1302 Right motor connecting spline; 1303 Right motor connecting screw; 1304 Right end thrust ring;

[0117] Symbols in the diagram: (L0) width of the tunnel; (H) width of the tunnel. x (L1) The height of the tunnel's arch; (L2) The location and width of the first cut; (L3) 11 First cut the left side width; (L) 12 First intermediate non-cut width; (L) 13 (L1) First cut on the right side width; (L2) Second cut position and width; (L3) 21 The second cut is made to the left side width; (L) 22 The second intermediate non-cut width; (L) 23 (L3) The second cut on the right side width; (L4) The third cut position and width; (L5) 31 The third cut is made to the left side width; (L) 32 The third intermediate non-cut width; (L) 33 (L4) The third cut on the right side width; (L) The fourth cut position and width; (L 41 The fourth cut is made to the left side width; (L) 42 The fourth intermediate non-cut width; (L) 43 The fourth cut is made to the right side width; (H) gThe reduced lateral height of the vault;

[0118] (h1) Cutting depth of the cutter relative to the cutting teeth; (h2) Cutting depth of the cutting teeth; (K1) Connecting point of the hydraulic motor oil pipe and water pipe on the left side; (K2) Connecting point of the hydraulic motor oil pipe and water pipe on the right side; (O y The left and right cutting heads are symmetrical about their axes of symmetry; (H) jg (D) Maximum vertical displacement of the cutting head axis; g (β) Outer diameter of the cutting head; gs Maximum elevation angle of the cutting arm; (β) gx Maximum depression angle of the cutting arm; (β) gt (α) Any pitch angle of the cutting arm about the horizontal axis; ky The maximum angle of rightward swing of the cutting arm; (α) kz The maximum angle at which the cutting arm swings to the left; (L) f1 The shortest length of the pitch cylinder; (L) f2 The maximum length of the pitch cylinder; (H) z Height from the lower support axis of the cutting arm to the bottom of the roadway; (H) f (O1) Height of the lower support shaft of the pitch cylinder to the bottom of the tunnel; (O2) Lower support shaft of the cutting arm; (O3) Center of the ball joint at the center of the cutting arm; (H) s The shortest length of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder; (S) s The stroke of the telescopic cylinder; (H) b The shortest length of the swing cylinder; (S) b (B1) The stroke of the swing cylinder; (H) The width between the axes of symmetry of the double cutting arms; b1 The outer height of the first section of the cutting arm; (B) b1 The outer width of the first section cutting arm; (α) p The angle at which the water spray area is cut off; (α) g The angle at which the water-bearing area is cut off; (n z The rotational speed of the left half of the cutting head; (n y The rotational speed of the right half of the cutting head; (γ) d The cutting angle of the cutting tool; (γ) c The cutting angle of the cutting tooth; (K) zs ) Axial water holes in the front half end cover; (K sc ) Circumferential water troughs at both ends of the front half of the cover; (K tz The left drive sleeve has four circumferentially distributed water holes; (K) ty The right drive sleeve has four circumferentially distributed water holes; (J) S (y) The cyclic motion trajectory of the cutting head after longitudinal entry, vertical cutting, and lateral repositioning; (y) The height coordinate variable of the cutting head; sA section of rock cut away at a depth; (H) tr ) Rock zone at the top of the tunnel; (H br (H1) Rock zone at the bottom of the tunnel; (H2) Support height of the bottom of the second section of the cutting arm; (H3) Support height of the ball joint shaft at the center of the cutting arm; (R) st Radial direction of the left and right supporting convex arc end faces; (R) s (B) The maximum radial direction of the left and right supporting convex arc end faces; s The width of the left and right supporting arcs; (J) i Any point on the lower convex arc end face of the left and right connecting plates. Detailed Implementation

[0119] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0120] The present invention provides a cutting arm and cutting head device for a hard rock tunnel boring machine with advanced grooving and alternating cutting.

[0121] The linkage mechanism of the parallelogram-shaped double-section cutting arm and three sets of hydraulic cylinders, such as... Figures 1-3 , Figure 12 and Figure 14 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, this method is used to solve the problem of vertically cutting rock in a tunnel and repeatedly cutting rock vertically up and down after repositioning until the entire cross-section of rock at one cutting depth is cut away. Specifically, it addresses the problem of repeatedly cutting rock from left to right at one cutting depth while maintaining a vertical plane both before and after the tunnel cross-section. This cutting path is the shortest, takes the least time, and is the fastest. The rock domain at the top of the tunnel is H. tr The rock zone at the bottom of the tunnel is H. br The height of the arc top of the tunnel is H. x The width of the tunnel is L0, and the maximum vertical displacement of the cutting head axis is H. g The outer diameter of the cutting head is D g The height H from the lower support axis of the cutting arm to the bottom of the roadway is z The height H from the lower support axis of the pitch cylinder to the bottom of the tunnel is f The shortest length of the pitch cylinder is L f1 The maximum length of the pitch cylinder is L f2 The shortest length of the telescopic cylinder is H. s The stroke of the telescopic cylinder is S s The shortest length of the swing cylinder is H. b The stroke of the swing cylinder is S b The maximum elevation angle of the cutting arm is β gs The maximum depression angle of the cutting arm is β gx The maximum angle at which the cutting arm swings to the left is α. kzThe maximum angle of rightward swing of the cutting arm is α. ky When the length of the pitch cylinder changes from L f1 To L f2 At the same time, the attitude angle of the cutter arm changes from β gx to β gs The cutting head swings up and down during operation, and the length of the telescopic cylinder moves from H... s S-shaped extension s The cutting head moves vertically up and down to achieve S-shaped extension. s The process is executed by a hydraulic servo system. The parallelogram mechanism constrains the cutting head to perform 3-4 translational cutting movements from left to right. When the length of the swing cylinder changes from H... b S-shaped extension b At the same time, the swing angle of the cutting arm changes from α kz To α ky The cutting head performs left and right translational movements, as detailed below;

[0122] Parallelogram-shaped double-section cutting arm assembly, such as Figures 1-3 , Figure 12 and Figure 14 As shown, the assembly comprises a rotating sleeve assembly 200, a cutting arm front end cover assembly 400, a front cutting arm assembly 500, a cutting arm support assembly 600, a pitch cylinder assembly 700, a telescopic cylinder assembly 800, a cutting arm lower support assembly 900, and a base frame support assembly 1100. The rotating sleeve assembly 200, the cutting arm front end cover assembly 400, and the front cutting arm assembly 500 form a cutting and slicing roller assembly. In a static state, the front cutting arm assembly 500, a pair of cutting arm support assemblies 600, the cutting arm lower support assembly 900, and the corresponding support shafts form a parallelogram mechanism. In a dynamic state, a pair of support shafts in the parallelogram mechanism... The length of the cutting arm support assembly 600 changes by an equal amount. The upper end of the cutting arm support assembly 600 is rotatably connected to the front cutting arm assembly 500 through a pair of support shafts. The lower end of the cutting arm support assembly 600 is connected to the lower cutting arm support assembly 900 by a universal joint. A pair of telescopic cylinder assemblies 800 realize the axial telescopic extension and retraction of the pair of cutting arm support assemblies 600. The upper end of a pair of pitch cylinder assemblies 700 is connected to the cutting arm support assembly 600 by a universal joint. The lower end of a pair of pitch cylinder assemblies 700 is connected to the base frame support assembly 1100 by a universal joint. The telescopic extension and retraction of the pair of pitch cylinder assemblies 700 realizes the vertical movement of the cutting head.

[0123] The structure of the pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies is symmetrical from left to right. They serve as support components for the sliding joint formed by the first and second cutting arm sections. Only the left side is described here. Figure 2 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 , Figure 14As shown, the first cutting arm includes a top side plate 601, a bottom side plate 602, a left side plate 603, a right side plate 604, a front stiffener 605, a front left lug seat 606, a front right lug seat 607, a rear left lug seat 608, and a rear right lug seat 609; a second cutting arm includes a top side plate 610, a bottom side plate 611, and a left side plate 612. The second section of the cutting arm consists of the right side plate 613, the left bottom support 625, and the left top support 626. The first section of the cutting arm's left side plate 603 is welded below the first section of the cutting arm's right side plate 604 to the top side plate 601. The first section of the cutting arm's left side plate 603 is welded above the first section of the cutting arm's right side plate 604 to the bottom side plate 602. The first section of the cutting arm's front stiffener plate 605 is welded to the left side plate, right side plate, bottom side plate, and top side plate. The front part of the first cutting arm, the left front lug 606 and the right front lug 607 of the telescopic cylinder are welded to the rear part of the first cutting arm top side plate 601 and the bottom side plate 602 of the first cutting arm, thus forming the first cutting arm. The top side plate 610 of the second cutting arm is welded above the left side plate 612 and the right side plate 613 of the second cutting arm. The lower part of the left side plate 612 and the right side plate 613 of the second cutting arm are welded to the top side plate 610 of the second cutting arm. The bottom side plate 611 of the second cutting arm is welded to the square. The left bottom support 625 of the second cutting arm is welded to the inner bottom of the bottom side plate 611 of the second cutting arm. The left top support 626 of the second cutting arm is welded to the inner bottom of the top side plate 610 of the second cutting arm. The left rear ear seat 608 and the right rear ear seat 609 of the telescopic cylinder are both welded to the top side plate 610 and the bottom side plate 611 of the second cutting arm at the rear of the second cutting arm, thus forming the second cutting arm.

[0124] The bottom support assemblies of the two cutting arms have the same structure; only the left side will be described here. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 12 and Figure 15As shown, the device comprises a lower center support 901 for the cutting arm, a lower horizontal support shaft 902 for the cutting arm, an upper support shaft 903 at the lower end of the cutting arm, an upper support shaft limiting plate 904, an upper support shaft limiting plate screw 905, a lower support shaft sleeve 906, a pin 907 for the lower horizontal support shaft, a lower support shaft 908 at the lower end of the cutting arm, a lower support shaft limiting plate 909, and a lower support shaft limiting plate screw 910. The top of the lower center support 901 is connected to the right bottom side of the second section of the cutting arm via the upper support shaft 903 at the lower end of the cutting arm to form a rotating joint. The upper support shaft 903 at the lower end of the cutting arm is positioned with the top side plate 610 of the second section of the cutting arm via the lower support shaft limiting plate 904 and the lower support shaft limiting plate screw 905. The bottom of the lower center support 901 is connected to the second section of the cutting arm via the lower support shaft 908 at the lower end of the cutting arm. The left bottom side of the cutting arm forms a revolute joint. The lower support shaft 908 of the lower end of the cutting arm is positioned with the bottom side plate 611 of the second section of the cutting arm via the lower support shaft limiting plate 909 and the lower support shaft limiting plate screw 910. The upper support shaft 903 and the lower support shaft 908 of the lower end of the cutting arm are stepped shafts that form revolute joints with the lower horizontal support shaft 902 of the cutting arm. The lower horizontal support shaft 902 of the cutting arm forms a revolute joint with the base frame support assembly 1100 and is positioned by the pin 907 of the lower horizontal support shaft. A pair of cutting arm assemblies can pitch about the lower horizontal support shaft 902, and a pair of cutting arm assemblies can swing left and right about the upper support shaft 903 and the lower support shaft 908 of the lower end of the cutting arm, thus forming a structure similar to a universal joint. A pair of cutting arm assemblies are positioned about point O1 at (β). gs ,β gx ) interval and (α) ky α kz It makes omnidirectional motion within the interval.

[0125] The universal joint assembly supported on top of a pair of pitch cylinders has a symmetrical structure. Only the left-hand structural components are described here. Figure 1 , Figure 9 , Figure 14 , Figure 34 , Figure 35As shown, the pitch cylinder is an HSG type engineering hydraulic cylinder, comprising a second-section cutting arm bottom support 614, left and right connecting plates 615, a connecting plate rear support shaft 616, a pitch cylinder upper support plate 617, a ball joint left pressure plate 618, a cutting arm center upper ball joint 619, a ball joint right pressure plate 620, a connecting plate front support shaft 621, front and rear support shaft pins 627, ball joint pressure plate bolts 628, ball joint pressure plate nuts 629, a bottom support right half retaining ring 630, a bottom support left half retaining ring 631, left and right half retaining ring pins 632, a pitch cylinder piston rod 701, a pitch cylinder upper support shaft 703, and a pitch cylinder upper pin 704; the second-section cutting arm bottom support 614 is welded... Below the bottom side plate 611 of the second cutting arm, the left and right connecting plates 615 and the bottom support 614 of the second cutting arm form a rotating pair via the rear support shaft 616 of the connecting plates. The pins 627 of the front and rear support shafts position the rear support shaft 616 of the connecting plates on the left and right connecting plates 615. The ball joint shaft 619 at the center of the cutting arm is interference-fitted into the hole in the middle of the left and right connecting plates 615. The right half retaining ring 630 and the left half retaining ring 631 of the bottom support are engaged in the groove on the upper part of the ball joint shaft 619 at the center of the cutting arm and are positioned by the left and right half retaining ring pins 632. The ball joint shaft 619 at the center of the cutting arm and the upper support plate 617 of the pitch cylinder form a spherical pair. The lower left and right sides of the left and right connecting plates 615 are of width B. s The convex arc body, when the cutting arm makes any pitch angle β about the horizontal axis gt At that time, any point J on the lower convex arc end face of the left and right connecting plates 615 i The end face function of the convex arc body, which becomes the contact point with the upper support plate 617 of the pitch cylinder, is expressed as follows:

[0126] R st =H2-H3 / cosβ gt ;

[0127] H2 is the support height of the ball joint shaft at the center of the cutting arm, H3 is the support height of the upper support plate of the pitch cylinder, and R st β is the radial direction supporting the left and right convex end faces. gt Let β be any pitch angle of the cutting arm about the horizontal axis; when β gt =0 when R st =R s R s The maximum radial distance of the left and right supporting convex arc end faces;

[0128] The convex arc body and the top surface of the upper support plate (617) of the pitch cylinder form a high pair;

[0129] The convex arc body and the left and right connecting plates 615 form a high pair to bear the resistance torque from the cutting head backward. The ball joint shaft 619 at the center of the cutting arm is limited by the left pressure plate 618 and the right pressure plate 620 of the ball joint shaft and is fixed by the ball pressure plate bolt 628 and the ball pressure plate nut 629. The piston rod 701 of the pitch cylinder is rotatably connected to the upper ear seat 617 of the pitch cylinder through the upper support shaft 703 of the pitch cylinder and is positioned by the upper pin shaft 704 of the pitch cylinder. The ball joint shaft 619 at the center of the cutting arm, the upper support plate 617 of the pitch cylinder and the left and right connecting plates 615 form a universal transmission.

[0130] A universal joint assembly supported at the bottom of a pair of pitch cylinders, such as Figure 1 , Figures 14-16 As shown, the system includes a cylinder body 702 for the pitch cylinder, a lower swing cross shaft 1001, a lower cross shaft retaining ring 1002, a lower cross shaft pin 1003, a base plate connecting bolt 1106, a base plate connecting nut 1107, a lower central support 1117, a central upper horizontal support plate 1108, a central upper vertical support plate 1109, a vertical support plate pin 1110, a vertical support plate connecting bolt 1111, a vertical support plate connecting nut 1112, a central upper support 1113, a central upper sleeve 1114, a central lower thrust plate 1115, and a central... The system comprises a lower horizontal support plate 1116, a central lower support 1117, a central lower sleeve 1118, and a rear transverse support plate 1123. A pair of pitch cylinders with cylinder bodies 702 and both ends of the lower swing cross shaft 1001 form a rotating pair. The outer ends are positioned with the lower cross shaft pin 1003 via a lower cross shaft retaining ring 1002. The upper vertical section of the lower swing cross shaft 1001 and the central upper sleeve 1114 form a rotating pair. The central upper sleeve 1114 is interference-fitted with the central upper support 1113. The central upper support 1113 and the central upper horizontal support plate 1123... 108 Welding: The central upper horizontal support plate 1108 is welded to the central upper vertical support plate 1109. The central upper vertical support plate 1109 is positioned by the vertical support plate pin 1110 and fixed to the rear support plate 1123 by the vertical support plate connecting bolt 1111 and the vertical support plate connecting nut 1112. The lower vertical shaft section of the lower swing cross shaft 1001 forms a rotating pair with the central lower sleeve 1118. The central lower sleeve 1118 is interference-fitted with the central lower support 1117. The central lower support 1117 is welded to the central lower horizontal support plate 1116. Next, the lower central horizontal support plate 1116 is welded to the rear transverse support plate 1123. The lower central horizontal support plate 1116 is fixedly connected to the tunneling machine chassis. The lower central thrust plate 1115, made of ZSnSb11Cu6, is interference-fitted into the hole of the lower central support 1117 and located on the lower central horizontal support plate 1116. The lower end face of the vertical shaft of the lower swing cross shaft 1001 and the lower central thrust plate 1115 form a thrust sliding bearing. The pitch cylinder assembly 700, connected to the lower swing cross shaft 1001, forms a universal joint assembly with the frame.

[0131] Rock impact protection components for cutting arms, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it consists of a dust cover support 622, a dust cover connecting screw 623, and a dust cover 624. The dust cover support 622 is welded to the outer periphery of the first cutting arm. The dust cover 624 is connected to the dust cover support 622 by a set of dust cover connecting screws 623. The dust cover 624 and the second cutting arm form a sliding pair.

[0132] Swing cylinder support assembly, such as Figure 1 , Figures 15-18 As shown, this device is used to solve the left and right swinging and repositioning of a double-section cutting arm. The swing cylinder is an HSG type engineering hydraulic cylinder, comprising a lower cross shaft retaining ring 1002, a lower cross shaft pin 1003, a lower cross shaft end swing rod 1004, a swing cylinder front support shaft 1005, a swing cylinder front pin 1006, a swing cylinder 1007, a swing cylinder rear support shaft 1008, a swing cylinder rear pin 1009, a swing cylinder rear support 1010, a rear longitudinal support plate 1119, a rear support pin 1120, a rear support connecting bolt 1121, and a rear support connecting nut 1122. The lower cross shaft end swing rod 1004 is rotatably connected to the front section of the lower swing cross shaft 1001. The lower cross shaft end swing rod 1004 forms a rotating pair with the piston rod of the swing cylinder 1007 through the swing cylinder front support shaft 1005 and is connected to the swing cylinder. The front pin 1006 is positioned. The cylinder body of the swing cylinder 1007 forms a rotating pair with the swing cylinder rear support 1010 via the swing cylinder rear support 1008 and is positioned via the swing cylinder rear pin 1009. The swing cylinder rear support 1010 is fixed to the rear longitudinal support plate 1119 via the rear support connecting bolt 1121 and the rear support connecting nut 1122 and is positioned via the rear support pin 1120. The extension and retraction of the swing cylinder 1007 drives the swing cross shaft 1001 to swing about point O2. The swing of the swing cross shaft 1001 drives a pair of double pitch cylinder assemblies 700 to swing about point O2. The swing of the pair of double pitch cylinder assemblies 700 drives the double cutting arms to swing about the line connecting O1 and O2. The swing of the double cutting arms drives the cutting head to perform left and right translational repositioning. The swing cylinder only operates when the cutting head is repositioned.

[0133] Telescopic hydraulic cylinder support assembly, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 12-14As shown, a pair of pitch cylinders are used to coordinate the vertical movement of the cutting head to achieve the minimum cutting surface and thus obtain a fast tunneling speed. The telescopic cylinder is an HSG type engineering hydraulic cylinder, which realizes the telescopic amount required for this movement through a hydraulic servo system. It consists of a telescopic cylinder 801, a front support shaft 802, a front pin 803, a rear support shaft 804, and a rear pin 805. The piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 801 forms a rotating joint with the front left ear seat 606 and the front right ear seat 607 of the telescopic cylinder through the front support shaft 802 and is positioned by the front pin 803. The cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder 801 forms a rotating joint with the rear left ear seat 608 and the rear right ear seat 609 of the telescopic cylinder through the rear support shaft 804 and is positioned by the rear pin 805.

[0134] This is a combined cutting head featuring alternating pre-cutting and cutting teeth. It employs a structure where the cutter and cutting teeth are arranged axially and radially ahead of each other. For pre-cutting and then cutting rock, the cutting head consists of three sections: a left cutting head, a middle support structure, and a right cutting head. The left and right cutting heads rotate at the same speed but in opposite directions to minimize the thrust on the pitch, telescopic, and swing cylinders and reduce stress on related components. Figures 1-3 , Figures 5-8 , Figures 19-33 As shown, it includes a left inner support sleeve 1, a cutting tool assembly 2, a bearing outer ring 3, a roller 4, a bearing inner ring 5, and an outer end face V. D The following components are included: O-ring 6, inner water seal 7, outer water seal 8, front cutting arm key 9, intermediate support sleeve 10, water supply pipe O-ring 11, water supply pipe inner connector 12, water supply pipe outer connector 13, right inner support sleeve 14, inner support O-ring 15, inner support retaining ring 16, left steel ball motor assembly 100, left drive sleeve assembly 200, cutting tooth assembly 300, cutting arm front end cover assembly 400, front cutting arm front half end cover 401, front cutting arm assembly 500, right drive sleeve assembly 1200, and right steel ball motor assembly 1300. The right section of the cutting head is composed of the left section of the cutting head relative to the O-ring. y Rotating 180°, this section only describes the left cutting head. The left steel ball motor assembly 100 drives the left drive sleeve assembly 200. The two sets of cutting tool assemblies 2 arranged axially are evenly distributed around the circumference at γ. d The three sets of cutting tooth assemblies 300, arranged axially, are mounted at an angle of 45° on the left drive sleeve assembly 200 and evenly distributed along a spiral line at a γ angle. c=50° is installed on the left drive sleeve assembly 200. The bearing outer ring 3, four sets of rollers 4 and bearing inner ring 5 form a rolling bearing with high load capacity and small radial size. The left section of the intermediate support sleeve 10 supports the left inner support sleeve 1 and the right section supports the right inner support sleeve 14. They are sealed by the inner support O-ring 15 and positioned by the inner support retaining ring 16. The water supply pipe inner connector 12 passes radially through the intermediate support sleeve 10, the left inner support sleeve 1 and the front half end cover 401 of the front cutting arm and is sealed by the water supply pipe O-ring 11. The water supply pipe outer connector 13 is connected to the outer water supply pipe.

[0135] Furthermore, the left ball motor drive assembly 100 includes a ball motor (1QJM62-10) 101, a motor connecting spline 102, a motor connecting screw 103, and a left-end thrust ring 104. The left drive sleeve assembly 200 includes a left drive sleeve 201 and a water pipe nozzle 202. The left ball motor 101 is connected to the left drive sleeve 201 through the motor connecting spline 102. The left ball motor 101 is fixed to the left inner support sleeve 1 through a set of motor connecting screws 103. The left-end thrust ring 104 is an axial thrust ring between the left inner support sleeve 1 and the left drive sleeve 201. A set of water pipe nozzles 202 are circumferentially evenly distributed and installed on the left drive sleeve 201.

[0136] Furthermore, the bearing inner ring 5 and the left section outer diameter of the left inner support sleeve 1 are in a small interference fit, and the bearing outer ring 3 and the right section inner diameter of the left drive sleeve 201 are in a small clearance fit.

[0137] Furthermore, the cutting arm front end cover assembly 400 includes a front cutting arm front half end cover 401, a water supply left end seal 402, a water supply left end elastic support 403, a water supply right end elastic support 404, a water supply right end seal 405, front and rear half end cover connecting bolts 406, front and rear half end cover connecting nuts 407, front and rear half end cover connecting washers 408, and front and rear half end cover connecting pins 409. The front cutting arm front half end cover 401 has an opening K... zs With K sc The left-end elastic support 403 presses the left-end seal 402 against the right end face of the left inner support sleeve 1. The inner water seal 7 and the outer water seal 8 seal the left water passage. When K inside the left inner support sleeve 1... tz When the water falls within the αp interval, water is sprayed from the left side of the water supply channel. The elastic support 404 at the right end of the water supply presses the sealing member 405 at the right end of the water supply onto the left end face of the right inner support sleeve 14. When the K of the right inner support sleeve 14... ty Falling on α p When the interval is reached, the water flow will also spray water from the right side;

[0138] Furthermore, the 500 front cutting arm assembly includes a front cutting arm rear half end cover 501, a left end cover connecting plate 502, a right end cover connecting plate 503, an upper end cover connecting plate 504, a front cutting arm front support 505, a front support shaft 506, a support shaft retaining ring 507, and a support shaft O-ring seal 508. The front end of the left end cover connecting plate 502 is welded to the left end of the front cutting arm rear half end cover 501, and the rear end is welded to the left side of the front cutting arm front support 505. The front end of the right end cover connecting plate 503 is welded to the right end of the front cutting arm rear half end cover 501, and the rear end is welded to the right side of the front cutting arm front support 505. The upper end cover connecting plate 504 is welded to the front cutting arm rear half end cover 501, the left end cover connecting plate 502, the right end cover connecting plate 503, the upper end cover connecting plate 504, and the front cutting arm front support 505.

[0139] Furthermore, the front half end cover 401 of the front cutting arm is positioned by the front and rear half end cover connecting pin 409, and the front half end cover 401 of the front cutting arm is connected to the rear half end cover 501 of the front cutting arm by the front and rear half end cover connecting bolt 406, the front and rear half end cover connecting nut 407, and the front and rear half end cover connecting washer 408.

[0140] Furthermore, the rear half end cover 501 of the front cutting arm is connected to the left inner support sleeve 1 via a pair of front cutting arm keys 9 on the left side, and the rear half end cover 501 of the front cutting arm is connected to the right inner support sleeve 14 via a pair of front cutting arm keys 9 on the right side.

[0141] Furthermore, the front half end cover 401 and the rear half end cover 501 of the front cutting arm together form the front cutting arm end cover, and the left end of the front cutting arm end cover passes through the outer end face V. D The V-shaped sealing ring 6 achieves a rotational seal with the right end face of the left drive sleeve 201, and the right end of the front cutting arm end cap is sealed through the outer end face V. D The shaped sealing ring 6 achieves rotational sealing with the left end face of the right drive sleeve 1201. The left inner hole of the front cutting arm end cap constrains the axial movement of the left inner support sleeve 1 through a stepped structure. The left inner hole of the front cutting arm end cap constrains the axial movement of the left drive sleeve 201 through a stepped structure. Similarly, the constraint relationship on the right side is the same.

[0142] The underframe support assembly connects the swing cylinder, pitch cylinder, and two sets of cutting arms to the underframe. The underframe support assembly connects to the tunneling machine's chassis. Except for the rear support for the swing cylinder, the rest of the underframe support assembly is symmetrical. This description focuses on the left side, such as... Figure 1 , Figures 13-18As shown, the system comprises a lower horizontal support 1101 for the cutting arm, a vertical support plate 1102 for the base frame, left and right connecting plates 1103 for the base frame, a middle support plate 1104 for the base frame, a side base plate 1105 for the base frame, base plate connecting bolts 1106 and nut 1107 for the base plate, a rear longitudinal support plate 1119, a rear support pin 1120, a rear support connecting bolt 1121 and nut 1122 for the rear support, a rear transverse support plate 1123, a rear right stiffener 1124, and a rear left stiffener 1125. One lower horizontal support 1101 for the cutting arm is mounted on each of the left and right vertical support plates 1104 and 1105 for the base frame. 2. Welded into the holes above, the left and right connecting plates 1103 of the base frame are welded to one vertical support plate 1102 on each side of the base frame. The middle support plate 1104 of the base frame is welded to the left and right symmetrical positions above the left and right connecting plates 1103 of the base frame. One side base plate 1105 on each side of the base frame is welded to the bottom of one vertical support plate 1102 on each side of the base frame. The rear transverse support plate 1123 is welded to the back of one vertical support plate 1102 on each side of the base frame. One side base plate 1105 on each side of the base frame is connected to the tunneling machine chassis through base plate connecting bolts 1106 and base plate connecting nuts 1107. The middle H of the base frame support assembly f The upper and middle sections serve as channels for the scraper conveyor to transport rocks;

[0143] Cutting head motion planning path J S ,like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the height of the arc top of the tunnel is H. x The width of the tunnel is L0, the first cutting position and width are L1, and the cutting head moves vertically downwards from the upper left, with a height displacement of H. jg -H g During this period, the cutting teeth penetrated the rock to a depth of h2, the advance groove depth was h1, and L was cut in the width direction. 11 With L 13 The rocks in the area, L 12 The rocks in the area were not cut;

[0144] The cutting head is displaced L to the right in the downward direction. 11 The second cutting head moves vertically upwards from below, with a height displacement of H. jg During this period, the cutting teeth penetrated the rock to a depth of h2, the advance groove depth was h1, and L was cut in the width direction. 21 With L 23 The rocks in the area, L 22 The rocks in the area have been cut off;

[0145] The cutting head is displaced to the right by a relative distance L0-2L in the upward direction. 11 -L2, the third cutting head moves vertically downwards from above, with a height displacement of H. jgDuring this period, the cutting teeth penetrated the rock to a depth of h2, the advance groove depth was h1, and L was cut in the width direction. 21 With L 23 The rocks in the area, L 32 The rocks in the area were not cut;

[0146] The cutting head is displaced L to the right in the downward direction. 31 The fourth cutting head moves vertically upwards from below, with a height displacement of H. jg -H g During this period, the cutting teeth penetrated the rock to a depth of h2, the advance groove depth was h1, and L was cut in the width direction. 41 With L 43 The rocks in the area, L 42 The rock in the area has been cut, thus a full-section rock section with a cutting depth of h2 has been cut.

[0147] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cutting arm and cutting head device for a hard rock tunnel boring machine with advanced grooving and alternating cutting, characterized in that: Includes a parallelogram-shaped double-section cutting arm assembly, a pair of cutting arm bottom support assemblies, a pair of universal joint assemblies with top support for pitch cylinders, a pair of universal joint assemblies with bottom support for pitch cylinders, a swing cylinder support assembly, a telescopic cylinder support assembly, a combined cutting head, a left drive sleeve assembly (200), a cutting arm front end cover assembly (400), a front cutting arm assembly (500), a pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies (600), a pair of pitch cylinder assemblies (700), a pair of telescopic cylinder assemblies (800), a base frame support assembly (1100), and a right drive sleeve assembly (1200). The combined cutting head includes a left cutting head and a right cutting head. The left cutting head and the right cutting head are driven to rotate by independent steel ball motors, and the left cutting head and the right cutting head rotate in opposite directions. The combined cutting head consists of a left drive sleeve assembly (200), a cutting arm front cover assembly (400), a right drive sleeve assembly (1200), and a front cutting arm assembly (500) forming a cutting and slicing roller assembly; the cutting head assembly is a combined cutting head with a cutting blade making a leading cutting groove and cutting teeth making alternating cutting. The top of the pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies (600) along the extension direction is rotatably connected to the front cutting arm assembly (500) via a pair of support shafts, and the bottom of the pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies (600) along the extension direction is connected to the cutting arm lower support assembly (900) via a universal joint. The telescopic cylinder assembly (800) is used to drive the paired double-section cutting arm assemblies to achieve axial equal extension and retraction of a pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies (600). The upper ends of a pair of pitch cylinder assemblies (700) are connected to a pair of variable-length cutting arm support assemblies (600) by a universal joint. The lower ends of a pair of pitch cylinder assemblies (700) are connected to a base frame support assembly (1100) by a universal joint. The combined control of the equal extension and retraction of a pair of pitch cylinder assemblies (700) and the equal extension and retraction of a pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies (600) achieves vertical movement of the cutting head. The combined cutting head cuts out a flat bottom and an arc-shaped top with a height of H. x And for a roadway cross-section with a roadway width of L0, the maximum vertical displacement of the cutting head axis is H. g The outer diameter of the cutting head is D. g The height H from the lower support axis of the cutting arm to the bottom of the roadway is z The height H from the lower support axis of the pitch cylinder to the bottom of the tunnel is f The pitch cylinder is an HSG type engineering hydraulic cylinder, and the minimum length of the pitch cylinder is L. f1 The maximum length of the pitch cylinder is L f2 The telescopic cylinder is an HSG type engineering hydraulic cylinder, and the minimum length of the telescopic cylinder is H. s The stroke of the telescopic cylinder is S s The swing cylinder is an HSG type engineering hydraulic cylinder, and the shortest length of the swing cylinder is H. b The stroke of the swing cylinder is S b The maximum elevation angle of the cutting arm is β gs The maximum depression angle of the cutting arm is β gx The maximum angle at which the cutting arm swings to the left is α. kz The maximum angle of rightward swing of the cutting arm is α. ky The lower support axis of the cutting arm is O1; When the length of the pitch cylinder is L f1 To L f2 At the same time, the attitude angle of the cutter arm changes from β gx to β gs The cutting head swings up and down at the same time. The combined cutting head moves vertically up and down by controlling the length changes of a pair of pitch cylinder assemblies (700) and a pair of telescopic cylinder assemblies (800). The length changes of the pair of pitch cylinder assemblies (700) and a pair of telescopic cylinder assemblies (800) are controlled by a hydraulic servo system. The parallelogram-shaped double-section cutting arm assembly constrains the combined cutting head to perform translational cutting from left to right 3 to 4 times. When the length of the swing cylinder (1007) in the swing cylinder support assembly changes from H... b S-shaped extension b At the same time, the swing angle of the cutting arm changes from α kz To α ky The cutting head is moved left and right during the operation; the swing cylinder (1007) is located below and behind the base support assembly (1100).

2. The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunnel boring machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies consist of a first cutting arm section and a second cutting arm section that are symmetrical and have the same structure. The first cutting arm includes a top side plate (601), a bottom side plate (602), a left side plate (603), a right side plate (604), a front stiffener plate (605), a left front lug seat (606), and a right front lug seat (607) of the telescopic cylinder. The left side plate (603) and the right side plate (604) of the first cutting arm are arranged parallel to each other. The top side plate (601) and the bottom side plate (602) of the first cutting arm are welded to the upper and lower sides of the left side plate (603) and the right side plate (604) of the first cutting arm to form a square frame. The front stiffener plate (605) of the first cutting arm is welded to the upper part of the square frame. The front left ear seat (606) and the front right ear seat (607) of the telescopic cylinder are welded to the lower part of the square frame. The second section of the cutting arm includes a left rear lug seat (608) of the telescopic cylinder, a right rear lug seat (609) of the telescopic cylinder, a top side plate (610) of the second section of the cutting arm, a bottom side plate (611) of the second section of the cutting arm, a left side plate (612) of the second section of the cutting arm, a right side plate (613) of the second section of the cutting arm, a left bottom support (625) of the second section of the cutting arm, and a left top support (626) of the second section of the cutting arm. The left side plate (612) and the right side plate (613) of the second cutting arm are arranged parallel to each other. The top side plate (610) and the bottom side plate (611) of the second cutting arm are welded to the upper and lower sides of the left side plate (612) and the right side plate (613) of the second cutting arm to form a square frame. The lower part of the square frame is welded with the left rear ear seat (608) and the right rear ear seat (609) of the telescopic cylinder. The lower end of the square frame is welded with the left bottom support (625) and the left top support (626) of the second cutting arm.

3. The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunnel boring machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The independent bottom support assembly of the pair of cutting arm bottom support assemblies includes a lower center support (901) for the cutting arm, a lower horizontal support shaft (902) for the cutting arm, an upper support shaft at the lower end of the cutting arm (903), an upper support shaft limiting plate (904), an upper support shaft limiting plate screw (905), a lower support shaft sleeve (906), a pin (907) for the lower horizontal support shaft, a lower support shaft at the lower end of the cutting arm (908), a lower support shaft limiting plate (909), and a lower support shaft limiting plate screw (910). The top of the lower center support (901) of the cutting arm forms a rotating pair with the top side plate (610) of the second cutting arm and the left top support (626) of the second cutting arm through the upper support shaft (903) of the lower end of the cutting arm. The bottom of the lower center support (901) of the cutting arm forms a rotating pair with the bottom side plate (611) of the second cutting arm and the left bottom support (625) of the second cutting arm through the lower support shaft (908) of the lower end of the cutting arm. This solves the problem of left and right swing of a pair of variable length cutting arms about the roadway. The upper support shaft (903) and the lower support shaft (908) of the lower end of the cutting arm are both stepped shafts. The lower horizontal support shaft (902) of the cutting arm is connected to the lower center support (901) of the cutting arm by a shaft hole and positioned by the upper support shaft (903) and the lower support shaft (908) of the cutting arm. The two ends of the lower horizontal support shaft (902) of the cutting arm and one lower support shaft sleeve (906) on the left and right form a rotating pair. The lower support shaft sleeve (906) on the left and right are interference-fitted with one lower horizontal support (1101) on the left and right. The pin (907) of the lower horizontal support shaft positions the lower horizontal support shaft (902) of the cutting arm on the base frame support assembly (1100). A pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies (600) with the maximum elevation angle β at the lower support axis O1 of the cutting arm. gs The maximum angle of depression is β gx The maximum angle at which the pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies (600) swing to the left side of the roadway is α. kz The maximum angle of the swing to the right is α. ky A pair of variable-length cutting arm assemblies (600) are positioned at the lower support axis O1 of the cutting arm, at the maximum elevation angle β of the cutting arm. gs Maximum depression angle β of the cutting arm gx The maximum angle between the interval and the leftward swing of the cutting arm is α. kz The maximum angle of rightward swing of the cutting arm is α. ky It makes omnidirectional motion within the interval.

4. The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunnel boring machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The universal joint assembly supporting the top of a single pitch cylinder includes a second section of the cutting arm bottom support (614), left and right connecting plates (615), a connecting plate rear support shaft (616), a pitch cylinder upper support plate (617), a ball joint left pressure plate (618), a cutting arm center upper ball joint shaft (619), a ball joint right pressure plate (620), a connecting plate front support shaft (621), a front and rear support shaft pin (627), a ball joint pressure plate bolt (628), a ball joint pressure plate nut (629), a bottom support right half retaining ring (630), a bottom support left half retaining ring (631), left and right half retaining ring pins (632), a pitch cylinder piston rod (701), a pitch cylinder upper support shaft (703), and a pitch cylinder upper pin (704). The second section of the cutting arm bottom support (614) is welded to the bottom side plate (611) of the second section of the cutting arm. The left and right connecting plates (615) form a rotating pair with the second section of the cutting arm bottom support (614) through the connecting plate rear support shaft (616). The pins (627) of the front and rear support shafts position the front support shaft (621) of the connecting plate on the left and right connecting plates (615). The ball head shaft (619) at the center of the cutting arm is interference-fitted into the hole in the middle of the left and right connecting plates (615). The right half retaining ring (630) and the left half retaining ring (631) of the bottom support are engaged in the groove at the upper part of the ball head shaft (619) at the center of the cutting arm and are positioned by the left and right half retaining ring pins (632). The ball head shaft (619) at the center of the cutting arm and the upper support plate (617) of the pitch cylinder form a spherical pair. The left and right lower sides of the left and right connecting plates (615) are of width B. s The expression for the end face function of the convex arc body is as follows: R st =H2-H3 / cosβ gt ; H2 is the support height of the ball joint shaft at the center of the cutting arm, H3 is the support height of the upper support plate of the pitch cylinder, and R st β is the radial direction supporting the left and right convex end faces. gt For any pitch angle of the cutting arm about the horizontal axis; The convex arc body and the top surface of the upper support plate (617) of the pitch cylinder form a high pair; The ball joint shaft (619) at the center of the cutting arm is limited by the left pressure plate (618) and the right pressure plate (620) of the ball joint shaft and fixed by the ball pressure plate bolt (628) and the ball pressure plate nut (629). The piston rod (701) of the pitch cylinder is rotatably connected to the upper support plate (617) of the pitch cylinder through the upper support shaft (703) of the pitch cylinder and positioned by the upper pin (704) of the pitch cylinder. The ball joint shaft (619) at the center of the cutting arm, together with the upper support plate (617), the left pressure plate (618) of the ball joint shaft and the right pressure plate (620) of the ball joint shaft, form a universal transmission.

5. The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunnel boring machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The universal joint assembly supporting the bottom of the pitch cylinder includes a pair of pitch cylinder bodies (702), a lower swing cross shaft (1001), a lower cross shaft retaining ring (1002), a lower cross shaft pin (1003), a base plate connecting bolt (1106), a base plate connecting nut (1107), a central upper horizontal support plate (1108), a central upper vertical support plate (1109), a vertical support plate pin (1110), a vertical support plate connecting bolt (1111), a vertical support plate connecting nut (1112), a central upper support (1113), a central upper sleeve (1114), a central lower thrust plate (1115), a central lower horizontal support plate (1116), a central lower support (1117), a central lower sleeve (1118), and a rear transverse support plate (1123). The cylinder body (702) of the pair of pitch cylinders and the two sides of the lower swing cross shaft (1001) form a rotating pair. The lower cross shaft retaining ring (1002) and the lower cross shaft pin (1003) are installed at both ends of the lower swing cross shaft (1001) to achieve positioning. The upper vertical shaft of the lower swing cross shaft (1001) and the upper central sleeve (1114) form a rotating pair. The upper central sleeve (1114) and the upper central support (1113) are interference fit. The upper central support (1113) is welded to the upper central horizontal support plate (1108). The upper central horizontal support plate (1108) is welded to the upper central vertical support plate (1109). The upper central vertical support plate (1109) is positioned by the vertical support plate pin (1110) and fixed to the rear transverse support plate (1123) by the vertical support plate connecting bolt (1111) and the vertical support plate connecting nut (1112). The lower vertical shaft section of the lower swing cross shaft (1001) and the lower central sleeve (1118) form a rotating pair. The lower central sleeve (1118) and the lower central support (1117) are interference-fitted. The lower central support (1117) is welded to the lower central horizontal support plate (1116). The lower central horizontal support plate (1116) is welded to the rear transverse support plate (1123). The lower central horizontal support plate (1116) is fixedly connected to the tunneling machine chassis. The lower central thrust plate (1115) is interference-fitted in the hole of the lower central support (1117) and located on the lower central horizontal support plate (1116). The lower vertical shaft end face of the lower swing cross shaft (1001) and the lower central thrust plate (1115) form a thrust sliding bearing. The pitch cylinder assembly (700) and the frame form a universal joint assembly under the connection of the lower swing cross shaft (1001).

6. The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunnel boring machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The swing cylinder support assembly includes a lower cross shaft retaining ring (1002), a lower cross shaft pin (1003), a lower cross shaft end swing rod (1004), a swing cylinder front support shaft (1005), a swing cylinder front pin (1006), a swing cylinder (1007), a swing cylinder rear support shaft (1008), a swing cylinder rear pin (1009), a swing cylinder rear support (1010), a rear longitudinal support plate (1119), a rear support pin (1120), a rear support connecting bolt (1121), and a rear support connecting nut (1122). The lower cross shaft end rocker arm (1004) is rotatably connected to the front section of the lower swing cross shaft (1001). The lower cross shaft end rocker arm (1004) forms a rotating pair with the piston rod of the swing cylinder (1007) through the front support shaft (1005) of the swing cylinder and is positioned by the front pin shaft (1006) of the swing cylinder. The cylinder body of the swing cylinder (1007) forms a rotating pair with the rear support (1010) of the swing cylinder through the rear support shaft (1008) of the swing cylinder and is positioned by the rear pin shaft (1009) of the swing cylinder. The rear support (1010) of the swing cylinder is fixed to the rear support by the rear support connecting bolt (1121) and the rear support connecting nut (1122). The longitudinal support plate (1119) is positioned by the rear support pin (1120). The extension and retraction of the swing cylinder (1007) drives the swing cross shaft (1001) to swing at the lower support axis O2 of the pitch cylinder. The swing of the lower swing cross shaft (1001) drives a pair of pitch cylinder assemblies (700) to swing at the lower support axis O2 of the pitch cylinder. The swing of the pair of pitch cylinder assemblies (700) drives a pair of variable length cutting arm assemblies to swing along the line connecting the lower support axis O1 of the cutting arm and the lower support axis O2 of the pitch cylinder. The swing of the pair of variable length cutting arm assemblies drives the combined cutting head to perform left and right translational position changes. The swing cylinder only operates when the cutting head changes position. The telescopic cylinder support assembly includes a telescopic cylinder (801), a front support shaft (802) for the telescopic cylinder, a front pin (803) for the telescopic cylinder, a rear support shaft (804) for the telescopic cylinder, and a rear pin (805) for the telescopic cylinder. The piston rod of the telescopic cylinder (801) forms a rotating joint with the front left ear seat (606) and the front right ear seat (607) of the telescopic cylinder through the front support shaft (802) and is positioned by the front pin (803). The cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder (801) forms a rotating joint with the rear left ear seat (608) and the rear right ear seat (609) of the telescopic cylinder through the rear support shaft (804) and is positioned by the rear pin (805).

7. The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunnel boring machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The combined cutting head includes a left cutting head, a right cutting head, and a central support assembly. The left cutting head has cutting blades and helically distributed cutting teeth installed alternately on the outer axial direction of its sleeve. The right cutting head also has cutting blades and helically distributed cutting teeth installed alternately on the outer axial direction of its sleeve. The cutting blades and cutting teeth on the left cutting head are installed at opposite angles to those on the right cutting head. The combined cutting head includes a left inner support sleeve (1), a cutting tool assembly (2), a bearing outer ring (3), a roller (4), a bearing inner ring (5), and an outer end face V. D O-ring seal (6), water channel inner seal (7), water channel outer seal (8), front cutting arm key (9), intermediate support sleeve (10), water supply pipe O-ring (11), water supply pipe inner connector (12), water supply pipe outer connector (13), right inner support sleeve (14), inner support O-ring (15), inner support retaining ring (16), left steel ball motor assembly (100), left drive sleeve assembly (200), cutting tooth assembly (300), cutting arm front end cover assembly (400), front cutting arm front half end cover (401), front cutting arm assembly (500), right drive sleeve assembly (1200), right steel ball motor assembly (1300); The left inner support sleeve (1) and the right inner support sleeve (14) are axially fixed. The outer edges of the left inner support sleeve (1) and the right inner support sleeve (14) are respectively mounted with the left drive sleeve assembly (200) and the right drive sleeve assembly (1200) via rollers (4) and bearing inner rings (5). The left inner support sleeve (1) is provided with a left steel ball motor assembly (100), which is used to drive the left drive sleeve assembly (200) to rotate. The cutting tool assembly (2) and the cutting tooth assembly (300) are arranged axially on the left drive sleeve assembly (200). The cutting arm front cover assembly (400) and the front cutting arm assembly (500) are connected by bolts to form a supporting whole; The left steel ball motor assembly (100) includes a left steel ball motor (101), a motor connecting spline (102), a motor connecting screw (103), and a left-end thrust ring (104); the left drive sleeve assembly (200) includes a left drive sleeve (201) and a water pipe nozzle (202). The left steel ball motor (101) is connected to the left drive sleeve (201) via a motor connection spline (102). The left steel ball motor (101) is fixed to the left inner support sleeve (1) via a motor connection screw (103). The left end thrust ring (104) is an axial thrust ring between the left inner support sleeve (1) and the left drive sleeve (201). The water pipe nozzles (202) are a group and are evenly distributed around the left drive sleeve (201). The right ball motor assembly (1300) includes a right ball motor (1301), a right motor connecting spline (1302), a right motor connecting screw (1303), a right end thrust ring (1304), and a right drive sleeve (1201); The right inner support sleeve (14) is fixedly installed with a right motor connecting screw (1303) and a right steel ball motor (1301). The right steel ball motor (1301) drives the right drive sleeve assembly (1200) to rotate through the right motor connecting spline (1302). The right end thrust ring (1304) is the thrust ring between the right inner support sleeve (14) and the right drive sleeve (1201). The right steel ball motor assembly (1300) and the right drive sleeve assembly (1200) have the same drive structure as the left steel ball motor assembly (100) and the left drive sleeve assembly (200). The bearing inner ring (5) and the left section outer diameter of the left inner support sleeve (1) are in a small interference fit, and the bearing outer ring (3) and the right section inner diameter of the left drive sleeve (201) are in a small clearance fit. The cutting arm front end cover assembly (400) includes a front half end cover (401) of the cutting arm, a left end seal for water supply (402), a left end elastic support for water supply (403), a right end elastic support for water supply (404), a right end seal for water supply (405), a front and rear half end cover connecting bolt (406), a front and rear half end cover connecting nut (407), a front and rear half end cover connecting washer (408), and a front and rear half end cover connecting pin (409). The front half end cover (401) of the front cutting arm has an axial water hole K. zs Circumferential water troughs K at both ends of the front end cover sc The left-end elastic support (403) presses the left-end seal (402) against the right end face of the left inner support sleeve (1). The inner water seal (7) is installed in the outer groove on the right side of the left inner support sleeve (1), and the outer water seal (8) is installed in the middle groove on the right side of the left inner support sleeve (1). The inner water seal (7) and the outer water seal (8) seal the left water passage. When the left drive sleeve inside the left inner support sleeve (1) is axially distributed with four circumferentially distributed water holes K tz The angle α falling on the cut-off water spray area p When the water supply is in the interval, water is sprayed from the left side of the water supply channel. The elastic support (404) at the right end of the water supply presses the sealing part (405) at the right end of the water supply onto the left end face of the right inner support sleeve (14). When the right drive sleeve of the right inner support sleeve (14) is axially driven, the four circumferentially distributed water holes K are evenly distributed. ty The angle α falling on the cut-off water spray area p During the interval, water sprays from the right side of the waterway; The front cutting arm assembly (500) includes a rear half end cap (501) of the front cutting arm, a left side connecting plate (502) of the end cap, a right side connecting plate (503) of the end cap, an upper connecting plate (504) of the end cap, a front end support (505) of the front cutting arm, a front end support shaft (506) of the front end support, a support shaft retaining ring (507) of the support, and a support shaft O-ring seal (508). The front cutting arm assembly (500) is rotatably connected to a pair of variable length cutting arm assemblies (600) via a pair of front end support shafts (506); The front end of the left connecting plate (502) of the end cap is welded to the left end of the rear half end cap (501) of the front cutting arm, and the rear end is welded to the left side of the front cutting arm support (505). The front end of the right connecting plate (503) of the end cap is welded to the right end of the rear half end cap (501) of the front cutting arm, and the rear end is welded to the right side of the front cutting arm support (505). The upper connecting plate (504) of the end cap is welded to the rear half end cap (501) of the front cutting arm, the left connecting plate (502) of the end cap, the right connecting plate (503) of the end cap, the upper connecting plate (504) of the end cap and the front cutting arm support (505). The front half end cover (401) of the front cutting arm is positioned by the front and rear half end cover connecting pin (409), and the front half end cover (401) of the front cutting arm is connected to the rear half end cover (501) of the front cutting arm by the front and rear half end cover connecting bolt (406), the front and rear half end cover connecting nut (407), and the front and rear half end cover connecting washer (408). The rear half end cap (501) of the front cutting arm is connected to the left inner support sleeve (1) and the right inner support sleeve (14) respectively through a pair of front cutting arm keys (9); The front half end cap (401) and the rear half end cap (501) of the front cutting arm together form the front cutting arm end cap. The left end of the front cutting arm end cap passes through the outer end face V. D The V-shaped sealing ring (6) achieves a rotational seal with the right end face of the left drive sleeve (201), and the right end of the front cutting arm end cap passes through the outer end face V. D The shaped sealing ring (6) achieves rotational sealing with the left end face of the right drive sleeve (1201). The right and left sides of the front cutting arm end cap are mirror structures. The left inner hole of the front cutting arm end cap constrains the axial movement of the left inner support sleeve (1) through a stepped structure, and the left inner hole of the front cutting arm end cap constrains the axial movement of the left drive sleeve (201) through a stepped structure.

8. The cutting arm and cutting head device for hard rock tunnel boring machines with advanced grooving and alternating cutting as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The base frame support assembly includes a lower horizontal support for the cutting arm (1101), a vertical support plate for the base frame (1102), left and right connecting plates for the base frame (1103), a middle support plate for the base frame (1104), side base plates for the base frame (1105), base plate connecting bolts (1106), base plate connecting nuts (1107), a rear longitudinal support plate (1119), a rear support pin (1120), a rear support connecting bolt (1121), a rear support connecting nut (1122), a rear transverse support plate (1123), a rear right stiffening plate (1124), and a rear left stiffening plate (1125). The vertical support plates (1102) of the base frame are arranged in pairs on the left and right. The horizontal supports (1101) under the cutting arm are welded to the corresponding vertical support plates (1102) of the base frame. The left and right connecting plates (1103) of the base frame are welded to the paired vertical support plates (1102) of the base frame on the left and right. The middle support plate (1104) of the base frame is welded above the left and right connecting plates (1103) of the base frame and is located at the center. The bottom ends of the left and right paired vertical support plates (1102) of the base frame are respectively welded with base frame side base plates (1105); a rear transverse support plate (1123) is provided between the left and right paired vertical support plates (1102); the base frame side base plates (1105) are connected to the tunneling machine chassis through base plate connecting bolts (1106) and base plate connecting nuts (1107); the height (H) of the pitch cylinder lower support axis in the middle of the base frame support assembly to the bottom of the roadway. f The upper and middle spaces serve as channels for the scraper conveyor to transport rocks.

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