A testing device for detecting mechanical properties of a cable

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of test devices for detecting cable mechanical properties, its technical solutions are: including base, base top is fixed with rack, rectangular cavity is opened in the inside of rack, test movable mechanism is equipped in the inside of rectangular cavity, positioning mechanism is equipped in the bottom of rectangular cavity;Test movable mechanism includes two threaded rods one, a kind of test devices for detecting cable mechanical properties has beneficial effect: through the clamping of multiple clamping jaw and limit disc in measuring movable mechanism and positioning mechanism to cable, it is convenient to automatically adjust according to the diameter of different model cable, improve clamping intensity by the self-locking of thread, prevent that clamping appears relaxation, threaded rod two reverse through sleeve make that two side limit disc further bend the cable clamped by antiskid washer, simultaneously move upwards and drive the cable clamped to stretch, the tensile property of cable bending state is tested, reach the purpose of simultaneously testing bending property and tensile property.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable testing technology, and more specifically to a testing device for testing the mechanical properties of cables. Background Technology

[0002] A cable is an electrical or signal transmission device, typically consisting of several or groups of conductors twisted together like a rope. Each group of conductors is insulated from each other and is often twisted around a central core. The entire cable is covered with a highly insulating outer layer. The tensile strength of a cable is an important performance characteristic that directly affects its lifespan and safety. Before being put into use, it must undergo thorough mechanical performance testing.

[0003] Existing cable laying involves bends, requiring testing of the cable's bending performance under tension. Traditional tensile strength testing devices are mostly simple tension frames, which cannot test bending performance simultaneously with tensile testing, requiring separate testing, thus affecting test results and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a testing device for detecting the mechanical properties of cables. By measuring the moving mechanism, it solves the problem that existing testing devices cannot test the bending properties at the same time as the tensile test, and require separate testing, which affects the test effect and efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a testing device for detecting the mechanical properties of cables, comprising a base, a frame fixedly mounted on the top of the base, a rectangular cavity opened inside the frame, a testing movable mechanism inside the rectangular cavity, and a positioning mechanism at the bottom of the rectangular cavity;

[0006] The testing mechanism includes two threaded rods, each with a rectangular cavity inside. A connecting assembly is provided between the two threaded rods. An internally threaded slider is fitted around each of the two threaded rods. A testing mechanism is connected between the two internally threaded sliders. The testing mechanism includes a threaded rod, the two ends of which are connected to the two internally threaded sliders via bearings. A fixed sleeve is fixedly fitted around the threaded rod, and multiple limiting grooves are provided on the outside of the fixed sleeve. A testing unit and a transmission unit are provided at both ends of the fixed sleeve. The testing unit includes a turntable, a sleeve on one side of the turntable, a limiting plate fixedly fitted at one end of the sleeve, an anti-slip washer fixedly fitted at one side of the limiting plate, and multiple limiting protrusions fixedly fitted inside the sleeve. The transmission unit includes a gear, which is fixedly fitted around the threaded rod. A rack is provided on one side of the gear, and the gear meshes with the rack. The rack is fixedly connected to one side wall of the rectangular cavity.

[0007] Preferably, a workbench is fixedly installed inside the frame, and a through hole is opened inside the workbench. A servo motor is fixedly installed inside the frame, and the output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the threaded rods.

[0008] Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes a second servo motor, which is fixedly mounted at the bottom of a rectangular cavity. A transmission rod is fixedly connected to the top of the second servo motor, and a threaded disc is fixedly connected to the top of the transmission rod. A support ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded disc, and the support ring passes through a through hole and is connected to the through hole via a bearing. A chuck is sleeved on the outside of the threaded disc, and the bottom of the chuck is fixedly connected to the top of the worktable. Multiple sliding grooves are provided on the top of the chuck, and multiple positioning components are provided on the top of the threaded disc.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning component includes a threaded block, which is disposed on the top of the threaded disc and connected to the top of the threaded disc by threads. The top of the threaded block is slidably connected to the top of the inner side of the chuck. A chuck is fixedly provided on the top of the threaded block. The chuck passes through the slide groove and is slidably connected to the slide groove. An anti-slip block is fixedly provided on one side of the chuck.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a connecting rod disposed at the top of the rectangular cavity. Two connecting plates are sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod. The connecting rod is connected to the two connecting plates via bearings. The two connecting plates are fixedly disposed inside the rectangular cavity. Two bevel gears are fixedly disposed at both ends of the connecting rod. One bevel gear is disposed on one side of each of the two bevel gears. The two bevel gears mesh with the two bevel gears respectively. The two bevel gears are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the two threaded rods respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of both threaded rods extends through the bottom of the frame and is connected to the top of the frame via a bearing, and the top of both threaded rods is connected to the top of the rectangular cavity via a bearing.

[0012] Preferably, the two threaded rods are respectively connected to the two internal threaded sliders by threads, and the two internal threaded sliders are slidably connected to the rectangular cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the turntable and the threaded rod are connected by threads, the turntable and the sleeve are connected by bearings, and the sleeve is respectively fitted onto the outside of the threaded rod and the fixed sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the plurality of limiting protrusions extend into the plurality of limiting grooves and are slidably connected to the plurality of limiting grooves.

[0015] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0016] 1. Multiple claws drive the anti-slip slider to clamp the bottom of the cable, while the limit discs on both sides clamp the top of the cable through anti-slip washers. At the same time, it is easy to automatically adjust according to the diameter of different cable models, adapting to various types of cables. The threaded connection between the threaded disc and the threaded block, and the threaded connection between the turntable and the threaded rod, through the self-locking property of the threads, improves the clamping force and prevents the clamping from loosening, making the cable testing more stable.

[0017] 2. The internal threaded slider moves upward, causing the threaded rod two to move. The threaded rod two reverses through the cooperation of gears and racks. The reverse rotation of the threaded rod two causes the cable held by the limit discs on both sides through the anti-slip washers to bend further through the sleeve. At the same time, the threaded rod two moves upward while rotating and is held by the anti-slip washers to stretch the cable, thereby testing the tensile performance of the cable in the bending state, achieving the purpose of testing bending performance and tensile performance at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0019] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 An overall perspective view provided for this invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a partial sectional perspective view of the main view provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a rear-view partial sectional perspective view provided for the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the front section provided for the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 Exploded perspective view of the measuring active component provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6A partial sectional perspective view of the positioning mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 A perspective view of the connection relationship between the threaded disc and the threaded block provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 Provided by the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the image.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Base, 2. Frame, 3. Servo Motor I, 4. Threaded Rod I, 5. Bevel Gear I, 6. Bevel Gear II, 7. Connecting Rod, 8. Connecting Plate, 9. Internal Threaded Slider, 10. Threaded Rod II, 11. Gear, 12. Rack, 13. Turntable, 14. Sleeve, 15. Limiting Plate, 16. Fixing Sleeve, 17. Limiting Groove, 18. Limiting Protrusion, 19. Servo Motor II, 20. Transmission Rod, 21. Support Ring, 22. Threaded Disc, 23. Threaded Block, 24. Claw, 25. Anti-slip Slider, 26. Slide Groove, 27. Chuck, 28. Rectangular Cavity, 29. Through Hole, 30. Worktable, 31. Anti-slip Washer. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See attached document Figure 1-8 The present invention provides a testing device for detecting the mechanical properties of cables, including a base 1, a frame 2 fixedly mounted on the top of the base 1, a rectangular cavity 28 opened inside the frame 2, a testing active mechanism inside the rectangular cavity 28, and a positioning mechanism at the bottom of the rectangular cavity 28.

[0031] The testing mechanism includes two threaded rods 4, each with a rectangular cavity 28 inside. A connecting assembly is provided between the two threaded rods 4. An internally threaded slider 9 is fitted around each of the two threaded rods 4. A testing mechanism is connected between the two internally threaded sliders 9. The testing mechanism includes a threaded rod 10, with its two ends connected to the two internally threaded sliders 9 via bearings. A fixing sleeve 16 is fixedly fitted around the threaded rod 10, and the fixing sleeve 16 has multiple limiting grooves 17 on its exterior. Both ends of the fixing sleeve 16 are provided with... The test unit includes a test unit and a transmission unit. The test unit includes a turntable 13, with a sleeve 14 on one side of the turntable 13. A limiting plate 15 is fixedly attached to one end of the sleeve 14, and an anti-slip washer 31 is fixedly attached to one side of the limiting plate 15. Multiple limiting protrusions 18 are fixedly attached inside the sleeve 14. The transmission unit includes a gear 11, which is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod 10. A rack 12 is attached to one side of the gear 11, and the gear 11 meshes with the rack 12. The rack 12 is fixedly connected to one side wall of the rectangular cavity 28. A worktable is fixedly attached inside the frame 2. 30. The worktable 30 has a through hole 29 inside. A servo motor 3 is fixedly installed inside the frame 2. The output end of the servo motor 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the threaded rods 4. The positioning mechanism includes a servo motor 19, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rectangular cavity 28. A transmission rod 20 is fixedly connected to the top of the servo motor 19. A threaded disc 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the transmission rod 20. A support ring 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded disc 22. The support ring 21 passes through the through hole 29 and is connected to the through hole 29 through a bearing. The threaded disc 2... 2. An external chuck 27 is provided. The bottom of the chuck 27 is fixedly connected to the top of the worktable 30. The top of the chuck 27 has multiple sliding grooves 26. The top of the threaded disc 22 has multiple positioning components. The positioning components include threaded blocks 23. The threaded blocks 23 are located on the top of the threaded disc 22 and are connected to the top of the threaded disc 22 by threads. The top of the threaded blocks 23 is slidably connected to the top of the inner side of the chuck 27. A claw 24 is fixedly provided on the top of the threaded blocks 23. The claw 24 passes through the sliding groove 26 and is slidably connected to the sliding groove 26. An anti-slip block 25 is fixedly provided on one side of the claw 24.

[0032] In this implementation scheme, to achieve simultaneous testing of the cable's tensile and bending properties by stretching and bending it simultaneously, the bottom of the cable is placed between multiple clamps 24. The servo motor 19 is then started to rotate forward. The rotation of the servo motor 19 drives the transmission rod 20 to rotate, which in turn drives the threaded disc 22 to rotate. The threaded disc 22 is supported by a bearing connection between the support ring 21 and the through hole 29. The rotation of the threaded disc 22 causes multiple threaded blocks 23 to move towards the center. The movement of the threaded blocks 23 moves the clamps 24, which in turn moves the anti-slip blocks 25. The multiple anti-slip blocks 25 then monitor the cable's movement. The bottom of the cable is clamped and fixed. The top of the cable is placed between the two limiting discs 15 and the back of the fixing sleeve 16, and bent to a certain length. The turntable 13 is rotated. The rotation of the turntable 13, through the threaded connection with the threaded rod 10, drives the sleeve 14 to move through the bearing. The sleeve 14 moves and slides along the limiting groove 17 through the limiting protrusion 18. The cooperation between the limiting groove 17 and the limiting protrusion 18 prevents the sleeve 14 from rotating. When the sleeve 14 moves, it drives the limiting discs 15 to move. Thus, the limiting discs 15 on both sides move relative to each other, thereby clamping and fixing the top of the cable through the anti-slip washers 31 on the side of the limiting discs 15. The threaded connection between threaded rod 3 and threaded rod 10 provides self-locking to prevent loosening during clamping. The cable ends are slightly slack when clamped, providing a certain distance for cable bending and stretching. Servo motor 3 is activated, driving threaded rod 4 to rotate. Forward rotation of threaded rod 4 causes the internal threaded slider 9 to move upward, moving threaded rod 10. Threaded rod 10, through the engagement of gear 11 and rack 12, reverses its rotation. This reverse rotation, via sleeve 14, causes the cable clamped by the anti-slip washers 31 on both sides of the limiting discs 15 to bend further. Simultaneously, as threaded rod 10 rotates, it moves upward and passes through the anti-slip washers... The clamping mechanism 31 stretches the cable, thereby testing the tensile properties of the cable in a bent state, achieving the purpose of simultaneously testing bending and tensile properties. Multiple claws 24 drive the anti-slip slider 25 to clamp the bottom of the cable, while the limiting discs 15 on both sides clamp the top of the cable through the anti-slip washers 31. This also facilitates automatic adjustment according to the diameter of different cable models, adapting to various cable models. The threaded connection between the threaded disc 22 and the threaded block 23, and the threaded connection between the turntable 13 and the threaded rod 10, through the self-locking property of the threads, increases the clamping force, prevents the clamping from loosening, and makes the cable test more stable.

[0033] To achieve synchronous rotation of the threaded rods 4 on both sides, the device employs the following technical solution: The connecting assembly includes a connecting rod 7, which is located at the top of the rectangular cavity 28. Two connecting plates 8 are sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod 7, and the connecting rod 7 is connected to the two connecting plates 8 via bearings. The two connecting plates 8 are fixedly located inside the rectangular cavity 28. Two bevel gears 6 are fixedly installed at both ends of the connecting rod 7, and two bevel gears 5 are installed on one side of each of the two bevel gears 6. The two bevel gears 6 mesh with the two bevel gears 5 respectively, and the two bevel gears 5 are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the two threaded rods 4. When one of the threaded rods 4 rotates, it drives the bevel gear 5 to rotate. The rotation of the bevel gear 5 drives the connecting rod 7 to rotate through the bevel gear 6, and then the other threaded rod 4 on the other side rotates through the bevel gear 6 and the bevel gear 5 at the other end, thus enabling the threaded rods 4 on both sides to rotate synchronously.

[0034] To achieve the goal of allowing the internal threaded slider 9 to move only vertically up and down, the device employs the following technical solution: the bottoms of both threaded rods 4 penetrate the bottom of the frame 2 and are connected to the top of the frame 2 via bearings; the tops of both threaded rods 4 are connected to the top of the rectangular cavity 28 via bearings; the two threaded rods 4 are respectively threadedly connected to the two internal threaded sliders 9; the two internal threaded sliders 9 are slidably connected to the rectangular cavity 28; the rotation of the threaded rods 4 drives the internal threaded sliders 9 to move along the rectangular cavity 28; the rotation of the internal threaded sliders 9 is restricted by the rectangular cavity 28, thereby allowing the threaded rods 4 to drive the internal threaded sliders 9 to move up and down via the threads.

[0035] To achieve the goal of rotating the turntable 13 along the threaded rod 10 and only pushing the sleeve 14 to move linearly, the device adopts the following technical solution: the turntable 13 and the threaded rod 10 are connected by threads, and the turntable 13 and the sleeve 14 are connected by bearings. The sleeve 14 is respectively fitted outside the threaded rod 10 and the fixed sleeve 16. Multiple limiting protrusions 18 extend into the interior of multiple limiting grooves 17 and are slidably connected to the multiple limiting grooves 17. When the turntable 13 rotates, it moves along the threaded rod 10 through the threads. The movement of the turntable 13 drives the sleeve 14 to move through the bearing between the turntable 13 and the sleeve 14. The limiting protrusions 18 on the inner side of the sleeve 14 extend into the interior of the limiting grooves 17, thereby preventing the sleeve 14 from rotating.

[0036] The usage process of this invention is as follows: When using this invention, connect an external power source, place the bottom of the cable between multiple clamps 24, start the servo motor 19 to rotate forward, the rotation of the servo motor 19 drives the transmission rod 20 to rotate, the rotation of the transmission rod 20 drives the threaded disc 22 to rotate, the rotation of the threaded disc 22 is supported by the bearing connection between the support ring 21 and the through hole 29, the rotation of the threaded disc 22 drives multiple threaded blocks 23 to move towards the center, the movement of the threaded blocks 23 drives the clamps 24 to move, the movement of the clamps 24 drives the anti-slip blocks 25 to move, the multiple anti-slip blocks 25 clamp and fix the bottom of the tested cable, and the top of the cable is secured. The sleeve 16 is placed between the two limiting discs 15 and fixed on the rear side. It is bent to a certain length. Rotating the turntable 13 causes the sleeve 14 to move via a bearing through its threaded connection with the threaded rod 10. The sleeve 14 moves along the limiting groove 17 via the limiting protrusion 18, and the engagement of the limiting groove 17 and the limiting protrusion 18 prevents the sleeve 14 from rotating. The movement of the sleeve 14 causes the limiting discs 15 to move, thus allowing the two limiting discs 15 to move relative to each other. The anti-slip washers 31 on the sides of the limiting discs 15 clamp and fix the top of the cable. The threaded connection between the turntable 13 and the threaded rod 10 further secures the cable. The cable is self-locking to prevent loosening during clamping. Both ends of the cable are clamped with a certain degree of slack, providing sufficient distance for bending and stretching. Servo motor 3 is activated, driving threaded rod 4 to rotate. The forward rotation of threaded rod 4 causes the internal threaded slider 9 to move upward, moving threaded rod 10. Threaded rod 10, through the engagement of gear 11 and rack 12, reverses its rotation. This reverse rotation, via sleeve 14, causes the cable clamped by the anti-slip washers 31 on both sides of the limiting discs 15 to bend further. Simultaneously, as threaded rod 10 rotates and moves upward, it passes through the clamping band of the anti-slip washers 31. The cable is stretched to test its tensile properties when bent, achieving the goal of simultaneously testing bending and tensile properties. Multiple jaws 24 drive the anti-slip slider 25 to clamp the bottom of the cable, while the limit discs 15 on both sides clamp the top of the cable through anti-slip washers 31. This allows for automatic adjustment according to different cable diameters, accommodating various cable models. The threaded connection between the threaded disc 22 and the threaded block 23, and the threaded connection between the turntable 13 and the threaded rod 10, utilizes the self-locking property of the threads to increase clamping force, prevent loosening of the clamp, and make the cable test more stable.

[0037] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may modify the present invention or modify it into an equivalent technical solution using the technical solutions described above. Therefore, any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made based on the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A testing device for detecting the mechanical properties of cables, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The base (1) is fixedly provided with a frame (2) at the top, and a rectangular cavity (28) is provided inside the frame (2). A testing mechanism is provided inside the rectangular cavity (28), and a positioning mechanism is provided at the bottom of the rectangular cavity (28). The testing mechanism includes two threaded rods (4), each with a rectangular cavity (28) inside. A connecting component is provided between the two threaded rods (4). An internal threaded slider (9) is fitted around each of the two threaded rods (4). A testing component is connected between the two internal threaded sliders (9). The testing component includes a threaded rod (10), with its two ends connected to the two internal threaded sliders (9) via bearings. A fixed sleeve (16) is fixedly fitted around the threaded rod (10). The fixed sleeve (16) has multiple limiting grooves (17) on its outside. Each end is equipped with a test activity unit and a transmission unit. The test activity unit includes a turntable (13). A sleeve (14) is provided on one side of the turntable (13). A limiting plate (15) is fixedly provided at one end of the sleeve (14). An anti-slip washer (31) is fixedly provided on one side of the limiting plate (15). Multiple limiting protrusions (18) are fixedly provided inside the sleeve (14). The transmission unit includes a gear (11). The gear (11) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod (10). A rack (12) is provided on one side of the gear (11). The gear (11) meshes with the rack (12). The rack (12) is fixedly connected to one side wall of the rectangular cavity (28).

2. The testing device for detecting the mechanical properties of cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (2) is fixedly provided with a workbench (30), and the workbench (30) is provided with a through hole (29). The frame (2) is fixedly provided with a servo motor (3), and the output end of the servo motor (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the threaded rods (4).

3. The testing device for detecting the mechanical properties of cables according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism includes a second servo motor (19), which is fixedly mounted at the bottom of a rectangular cavity (28). A transmission rod (20) is fixedly connected to the top of the second servo motor (19). A threaded disc (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the transmission rod (20). A support ring (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded disc (22). The support ring (21) passes through a through hole (29) and is connected to the through hole (29) by a bearing. A chuck (27) is sleeved on the outside of the threaded disc (22). The bottom of the chuck (27) is fixedly connected to the top of the worktable (30). Multiple sliding grooves (26) are opened on the top of the chuck (27). Multiple positioning components are provided on the top of the threaded disc (22).

4. The testing device for detecting the mechanical properties of cables according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning component includes a threaded block (23), which is located on the top of the threaded disc (22) and is threadedly connected to the top of the threaded disc (22). The top of the threaded block (23) is slidably connected to the top of the inner side of the chuck (27). A claw (24) is fixedly provided on the top of the threaded block (23). The claw (24) passes through the slide groove (26) and is slidably connected to the slide groove (26). An anti-slip block (25) is fixedly provided on one side of the claw (24).

5. The testing device for detecting the mechanical properties of cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes a connecting rod (7), which is located at the top of the rectangular cavity (28). Two connecting plates (8) are sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod (7). The connecting rod (7) is connected to the two connecting plates (8) through bearings. The two connecting plates (8) are fixed inside the rectangular cavity (28). Two bevel gears (6) are fixed at both ends of the connecting rod (7). One bevel gear (5) is provided on one side of each of the two bevel gears (6). The two bevel gears (6) mesh with the two bevel gears (5) respectively. The two bevel gears (5) are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the two threaded rods (4).

6. The testing device for detecting the mechanical properties of cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of both threaded rods (4) penetrates the bottom of the frame (2) and is connected to the top of the frame (2) via bearings. The top of both threaded rods (4) is connected to the top of the rectangular cavity (28) via bearings.

7. The testing device for detecting the mechanical properties of cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two threaded rods (4) are respectively connected to the two internal threaded sliders (9) by threads, and the two internal threaded sliders (9) are slidably connected to the rectangular cavity (28).

8. The testing device for detecting the mechanical properties of cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turntable (13) is connected to the threaded rod (10) by a thread, and the turntable (13) is connected to the sleeve (14) by a bearing. The sleeve (14) is respectively sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod (10) and the fixed sleeve (16).

9. The testing device for detecting the mechanical properties of cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of limiting protrusions (18) extend into the interior of the plurality of limiting grooves (17) and are slidably connected to the plurality of limiting grooves (17).

Images