Control motor as controller of switching circuit, power system, vehicle

Abstract

This application provides a controller, a power system, and a vehicle for controlling a motor as a switching circuit. The motor includes a stator, a rotor, and an excitation module. During the process of the motor acting as a switching circuit, the current in the stator windings generates excitation torque. The controller controls the excitation module to input a target excitation current to the rotor based on the direct-axis current, causing the motor to generate reluctance torque to cancel or partially cancel the excitation torque, thereby reducing or avoiding vehicle vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of motor control technology, and in particular to a controller for controlling a motor as a switching circuit, a power system, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Electric vehicle charging stations are divided into low-voltage charging stations and high-voltage charging stations. Generally, electric vehicles requiring high-voltage charging need to use high-voltage charging stations, while those requiring low-voltage charging need to use low-voltage charging stations. To improve the efficiency of low-voltage charging stations, existing electric vehicles typically reuse the motor's stator and switching module as a switching conversion circuit. Additionally, electric vehicles can also be used for power supply; the motor's stator and switching module can also be used as a switching conversion circuit to supply power to external systems via the electric vehicle's battery. However, when the motor is used as a switching conversion circuit, the current in the stator windings generates excitation torque, causing the electric vehicle to vibrate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a controller, power system, and vehicle that control a motor as a switching circuit, thereby reducing or eliminating the output torque of the motor during the switching circuit process, thus reducing or avoiding vehicle vibration or shaking.

[0004] Firstly, this application provides a controller. The controller is coupled to a motor and can control the motor as a switching circuit. The motor can be used in various scenarios, such as electric vehicles, electric robots, and electric aircraft, and this application does not limit its applications. The following description uses the application of a motor in an electric vehicle as an example. In some application scenarios, the motor can be a synchronous motor. For example, the motor can be an electrically excited motor. The motor can include a stator, a rotor, and an excitation module. The controller can be coupled to the excitation module. During the process of the motor acting as a switching circuit, current flows in the stator windings, causing the motor to generate excitation torque, resulting in output torque and causing vehicle vibration. The controller can determine a target excitation current based on the direct-axis current of the motor and control the excitation module to input the target excitation current to the rotor, enabling the motor to generate reluctance torque. At this point, the motor's output torque is the sum of the excitation torque and the reluctance torque. The reluctance torque generated by the motor after the target excitation current is input to the rotor winding can completely or partially offset the excitation torque, thereby reducing or eliminating the motor's torque and reducing or avoiding vehicle vibration. Furthermore, it does not require additional modules or components in the motor or vehicle, resulting in lower costs.

[0005] In one possible design, the stator typically includes multiphase stator windings. The rotor may include rotor windings. An excitation module may be coupled to the rotor windings. A controller may control the excitation module to input the target excitation current to the rotor windings.

[0006] In some applications, the motor is a multi-phase motor, meaning the stator can include multi-phase stator windings. The controller can detect the rotor's mechanical angle before the motor is used as a switching circuit. Typically, after an electric vehicle is parked, the rotor stops rotating, and the rotor's mechanical angle no longer changes. The controller can detect the current in each phase winding of the stator. Based on the current in each phase winding of the stator and the rotor's mechanical angle, the controller can determine the direct-axis current.

[0007] In one possible design, the controller can also acquire the quadrature-axis current of the motor while it is being used as a switching circuit. Based on the acquired direct-axis and quadrature-axis currents, the controller can determine the target excitation current.

[0008] In this embodiment, the controller can determine the target excitation current through calculations based on the relationships between the direct-axis current, quadrature-axis current, and excitation torque, as well as the relationships between excitation torque and excitation current. Since the motor's output torque is the sum of the motor's reluctance torque and excitation torque, the controller can use the direct-axis current and quadrature-axis current to determine the reluctance torque generated by the motor, aiming to make the motor's output torque zero or close to zero. The controller can determine the excitation torque that makes the motor's output torque zero or close to zero, and determine the target excitation current based on this excitation torque.

[0009] In one possible design, the controller can determine the target magnetizing current based on the direct-axis current, the direct-axis inductance, quadrature-axis inductance, and magnetizing inductance of the motor. For example, the controller can store preset relationships between the direct-axis current, direct-axis inductance, quadrature-axis inductance, magnetizing inductance, and magnetizing current. The controller can calculate the target magnetizing current based on these relationships and the acquired direct-axis current.

[0010] In some examples, the controller can store a constant K1, which can be predetermined based on the direct-axis inductance, quadrature-axis inductance, and magnetizing inductance. The controller can determine the target magnetizing current by multiplying the constant K1 by the acquired direct-axis current. Optionally, the constant... Among them, L d For direct-axis inductors, L q For quadrature axis inductance, and L m It is the magnetizing inductor.

[0011] In other examples, the controller can determine the target magnetizing current as the ratio of a first value to the magnetizing inductance, where the first value is the product of the direct-axis current and a second value, and the second value is the difference between the direct-axis inductance and the quadrature-axis inductance. For example, the second value could be L. d -L q L d For the direct-axis inductance of the motor, L q This is the quadrature-axis inductance of the motor.

[0012] In one possible design, the controller can store multiple correspondences between direct-axis currents and excitation currents, so that the controller can determine the excitation current corresponding to the acquired direct-axis current as the target excitation current.

[0013] In one possible design, during the operation of the controller determining the target excitation current based on the direct-axis current of the motor, the controller can determine the excitation current corresponding to the obtained direct-axis current as the target excitation current by searching, querying, matching, or other methods from a set of preset correspondences between direct-axis currents and excitation currents.

[0014] In one possible design, the controller can store a preset correspondence between direct-axis current ranges and excitation currents. The controller can determine the corresponding direct-axis current range from among the multiple direct-axis current ranges based on the given direct-axis current, and this range can be designated as the target direct-axis current range. The controller can then determine the excitation current corresponding to the target direct-axis current range as the target excitation current from the correspondence between direct-axis current ranges and excitation currents.

[0015] In one possible design, the controller stores a preset correspondence between parameter combinations and excitation currents. Each parameter combination may include two physical parameters: direct-axis current and quadrature-axis current. The controller can be used to acquire the quadrature-axis current of the motor. Based on the acquired parameter combinations, the controller can determine the corresponding excitation current as the target excitation current. The acquired parameter combinations include the acquired direct-axis current and the acquired quadrature-axis current of the motor.

[0016] In one possible design, it is convenient to distinguish between the acquired direct-axis current and the direct-axis current in each parameter combination of the relationship, and the acquired quadrature-axis current and the quadrature-axis current in each parameter combination of the relationship. Hereinafter, the direct-axis current and quadrature-axis current included in each parameter combination will be referred to as "each parameter combination includes direct-axis current value and quadrature-axis current value". In the relationship, at least one of the direct-axis current value and quadrature-axis current value in any two parameter combinations is different. For example, the direct-axis current values ​​in any two parameter combinations are different. Or, the quadrature-axis current values ​​in any two parameter combinations are different. Or, the direct-axis current values ​​in any two parameter combinations are different, and the quadrature-axis current values ​​are also different.

[0017] In one possible design, the controller can store a preset correspondence between parameter combinations and excitation currents. Each parameter combination includes three physical parameters: direct-axis current, alternating current, and rotor mechanical angle. The controller can acquire the rotor mechanical angle before the motor is used as a switching circuit, and acquire the quadrature-axis current of the motor during the switching circuit process. Based on the acquired parameter combinations, the excitation current corresponding to the parameter combinations is determined as the target excitation current. The parameter combinations acquired by the controller include the acquired direct-axis current of the motor, the acquired quadrature-axis current of the motor, and the acquired rotor mechanical angle.

[0018] In one possible design, it is convenient to distinguish between the acquired direct-axis current and the direct-axis current in each parameter combination of the relationship, the acquired quadrature-axis current and the quadrature-axis current in each parameter combination of the relationship, and the acquired rotor mechanical angle and the rotor mechanical angle in each parameter combination of the relationship. Hereinafter, the direct-axis current, quadrature-axis current, and rotor mechanical angle included in each parameter combination are referred to as "each parameter combination includes direct-axis current value, quadrature-axis current value, and rotor mechanical angle value". In the relationship, at least one of the direct-axis current value, quadrature-axis current value, and rotor mechanical angle value in any two parameter combinations is different. For example, the direct-axis current values ​​in any two parameter combinations are different. Or, the quadrature-axis current values ​​in any two parameter combinations are different. Or, the rotor mechanical angle values ​​in any two parameter combinations are different. Or, the direct-axis current values ​​in any two parameter combinations are different, and the quadrature-axis current values ​​are different. Or, the direct-axis current values ​​in any two parameter combinations are different, and the rotor mechanical angle values ​​are different. Or, the rotor mechanical angle values ​​in any two parameter combinations are different, and the quadrature-axis current values ​​are different. Alternatively, the direct-axis current values ​​in any two parameter combinations are different, the quadrature-axis current values ​​are different, and the rotor mechanical angle values ​​are different.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a power system including a motor, which may include a motor, a controller, a power battery, and an excitation module. The motor may include a switching module, rotor windings, an excitation module, and multiple stator windings. The switching module and the multiple stator windings of the motor constitute a switching conversion circuit, which is used to charge the power battery or supply power using the power battery. The controller can acquire the direct-axis current of the motor while it is acting as the switching conversion circuit, and control the excitation module to output a target excitation current to the rotor windings based on the direct-axis current.

[0020] In this embodiment, the controller can control the switching module to form a switching circuit with the multiple stator windings, enabling it to supply or draw power from the battery. During this process, current flows through the stator windings, generating excitation torque in the motor. The controller can control the excitation module to output a target excitation current to the rotor windings in the rotor, allowing the motor to generate reluctance torque. At this point, the motor's output torque is the sum of the excitation torque and the reluctance torque. The reluctance torque generated by the motor after the target excitation current is input to the rotor windings can completely or partially offset the excitation torque, thereby reducing or eliminating the motor's output torque and reducing or preventing vehicle vibration.

[0021] In one possible design, the controller can acquire the quadrature-axis current of the plurality of stator windings and determine the target excitation current based on the quadrature-axis current and the direct-axis current.

[0022] In one possible design, the controller is used to acquire the rotor mechanical angle of the rotor before the motor is used as a switching circuit; and to determine the target excitation current based on the direct-axis current, the quadrature-axis current and the rotor mechanical angle.

[0023] Thirdly, this application provides an electric vehicle including a controller as described in any of the possible designs in the first aspect, or a power system as described in any of the possible designs in the second aspect.

[0024] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method of the third aspect or implement the function of the controller in any possible design of the first aspect.

[0025] Fifthly, this application provides a computer program product comprising computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method of the third aspect.

[0026] For the technical effects that can be achieved by any possible design in any of the second to fifth aspects, please refer to the technical effects that can be achieved by any possible design in the first aspect above, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric motor;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a power system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another power system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 4(a) is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a power system;

[0031] Figure 4(b) is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the power system;

[0032] Figure 5(a) is a schematic diagram of another power system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 5(b) is a schematic diagram of another power system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of another power system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram of another power system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 7(a) is a schematic diagram of another power system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 7(b) is a schematic diagram of another power system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the excitation module in the power system;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the excitation module in the power system;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the excitation module in the power system;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the excitation module in the power system;

[0042] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a charging circuit during the charging process;

[0043] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a charging circuit during the charging process;

[0044] Figure 14(a) is a schematic diagram of the preset direct-axis current and excitation current correspondence;

[0045] Figure 14(b) is another schematic diagram showing the pre-defined correspondence between the direct-axis current and the excitation current;

[0046] Figure 15(a) is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the preset parameter combinations and the excitation current;

[0047] Figure 15(b) is another schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the preset parameter combination and the excitation current;

[0048] Figure 16(a) is another schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the preset parameter combination and the excitation current;

[0049] Figure 16(b) is another schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the preset parameter combination and the excitation current;

[0050] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of one type of motor torque.

[0051] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of one type of motor torque.

[0052] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a controller provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0054] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as used in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0055] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of this application clearer, some concepts in the technical fields of electric vehicles and motor control will be briefly explained below.

[0056] In electric vehicles, the motor is typically used to directly drive the wheels or drive them via a transmission. The motor shaft can be directly coupled to the wheel; rotation of the motor shaft drives the wheel. Alternatively, the motor shaft can be coupled to the wheel via a transmission; rotation of the motor shaft drives the transmission, which in turn drives the wheel.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric motor. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the motor typically includes a stator 10 and a rotor 11. An air gap 12 exists between the stator 10 and the rotor 11. The stator 10 may include a stator core 20 and a stator winding 21. The stator winding 21 in the stator 10 may be disposed on the stator core 20. The rotor 11 may include a rotor core 30, a rotor winding 31, and a motor shaft 33. The core 30 is coupled to the motor shaft 33 and disposed in the circumferential direction of the motor shaft 33. The rotor winding 31 may be disposed on a second core 30 using an insulating material, such as... Figure 1 The black part in the image is insulating material.

[0058] 1. Output Torque: The output torque of a motor is also commonly referred to as the load torque. When the motor is coupled to a load wheel or transmission device, the current in the stator winding reaches the stator rated current, the current in the rotor winding reaches the rotor rated current, and the motor operates at its rated speed. The motor torque is the output torque or load torque. The force or moment that causes the load to rotate or has a tendency to rotate is called the rotational torque. The rotational torque can also be simply referred to as torque. The load may undergo torsion or deformation under the action of torque; therefore, torque can also be called torsional torque. Torsional torque can also be simply referred to as torque. In the embodiments of this application, the output torque of the motor can also be referred to as the output torque of the motor.

[0059] 2. Rectangular-quadratic coordinate system: The rectangular-quadratic coordinate system can also be simply referred to as the dq coordinate system. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the d-axis is the central axis of the N pole of the magnetic field generated by the rotor, and the q-axis is perpendicular to the d-axis and its direction is 90 degrees counterclockwise from the d-axis. The dq coordinate system rotates synchronously with the rotor shaft.

[0060] 3. Magnetic Reluctance: Magnetic reluctance characterizes the opposition to magnetic flux in a magnetic circuit. Magnetic reluctance is equal to the ratio of magnetomotive force to magnetic flux. Magnetic flux always closes along the path of least magnetic reluctance. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the amount of iron core in the d-axis direction of rotor 11 is greater than that in the q-axis direction, and the magnetic reluctance of rotor 11 in the d-axis direction is less than that in the q-axis direction.

[0061] 4. Reluctance Torque: Magnetic flux always closes along the path of least magnetic reluctance, thus generating reluctance torque to return the magnetic circuit to its minimum reluctance state. For example... Figure 1 As shown, when current flows through the stator winding 21, a magnetic field is generated, and magnetic flux is generated in the rotor winding 31 under the action of the magnetic field. The magnetic reluctance in the d-axis direction of the rotor 11 is less than that in the q-axis direction, and correspondingly, the rotor winding 31 will generate a reluctance torque.

[0062] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. To facilitate understanding of the advantages of the controller provided in the embodiments of this application, its application scenarios will be introduced first.

[0063] To improve the efficiency of low-voltage charging stations, existing electric vehicles typically reuse the stator coils and switching devices of the motor to boost the voltage provided by the low-voltage charging station before high-voltage charging. For example, Chinese patent application CN202111283782, filed on November 1, 2021, entitled "A Motor Drive System, Vehicle, and Charging Method," illustrates this. However, during the boost charging process, the electric vehicle's motor generates torque, causing the electric vehicle to vibrate.

[0064] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a controller for controlling a motor to perform boost charging, which can reduce or avoid vehicle vibration. Embodiments of this application also provide a power system, which may include the controller provided in embodiments of this application. Embodiments of this application further provide an electric vehicle, which may include the controller or power system provided in embodiments of this application. The following description uses a scenario of boost charging of an electric vehicle as an example to illustrate the controller, power system, and electric vehicle provided in embodiments of this application.

[0065] The electric vehicles in this application embodiment may include, but are not limited to, pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, etc., and this application makes no limitation thereto. The power system in this application embodiment may include, but is not limited to, the power system of electric robots, electric aircraft, etc., and this application makes no limitation thereto.

[0066] In this embodiment, the motor refers to a synchronous motor, hereinafter simply referred to as a motor. The motor includes a switching module, a stator, and a rotor. In this embodiment, the switching module may refer to the hardware switching part of the motor controller used to adjust the current in the input stator windings. In this embodiment, the electric vehicle is simply referred to as a vehicle.

[0067] Figure 2The figure shows a schematic diagram of a power system. As shown, the power system includes a motor, a power battery 11, a controller 102, a first connection terminal P1, and a second connection terminal P2. The motor includes a switching module 100, multiple stator windings 101, a rotor winding 103, and an excitation module 104. The following is a detailed description... Figure 2 The connection relationships of the components in the power system are described. The first connection terminal P1 and the second connection terminal P2 can be used to couple the power supply equipment and the power consumption equipment. The multiple stator windings 101 are also referred to as the multiphase windings 101 of the stator 10.

[0068] In this embodiment, the switch module 100 includes multiple bridge arms. The number of bridge arms in the switch module 100 can be greater than or equal to three, for example, three, four, five, six, etc. For example, the module 100 includes three bridge arms. Figure 2 As shown, the switch module 100 includes bridge arm 100A, bridge arm 100B and bridge arm 100C.

[0069] In this embodiment, each arm of the switch module 100 includes a first switch and a second switch connected in series. The switch in each arm coupled to the first terminal of the power battery 11 is denoted as the first switch in that arm, and the switch in each arm coupled to the second terminal of the power battery 11 is denoted as the second switch in that arm.

[0070] For example, the first electrode of the power battery 11 is the positive electrode of the power battery 11, and the second electrode of the power battery 11 is the negative electrode of the power battery 11. The first switch in bridge arm 100A is switch T1, the first switch in bridge arm 100B is switch T3, and the first switch in bridge arm 100C is switch T5. The second switch in bridge arm 100A is switch T2, the second switch in bridge arm 100B is switch T4, and the second switch in bridge arm 100C is switch T6.

[0071] like Figure 2 As shown, bridge arm 100A includes switches T1 and T2 connected in series. The first end of switch T1 is coupled to the first terminal of power battery 11, the second end of switch T1 is coupled to the first end of switch T2, and the second end of switch T2 is coupled to the second terminal of power battery 11. Bridge arm 100B includes switches T3 and T4 connected in series. The first end of switch T3 is coupled to the first terminal of power battery 11, the second end of switch T3 is coupled to the first end of switch T4, and the second end of switch T4 is coupled to the second terminal of power battery 11. Bridge arm 100C includes switches T5 and T6 connected in series. The first end of switch T5 is coupled to the first terminal of power battery 11, the second end of switch T5 is coupled to the first end of switch T6, and the second end of switch T6 is coupled to the second terminal of power battery 11.

[0072] In one embodiment, the first switch or the second switch can be an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) or a silicon carbide (SIC) transistor. The IGBT or SIC transistor includes a parasitic diode. In this embodiment, the first terminal of the first switch or the second switch refers to the emitter of the IGBT, the second terminal of the first switch or the second switch refers to the collector of the IGBT, and the control terminal of the first switch or the second switch refers to the base of the IGBT.

[0073] In one embodiment, the first switch or the second switch may be a silicon carbide (SIC) transistor. The SIC transistor includes a parasitic diode. The first terminal of the first switch or the second switch may refer to the drain of the SIC transistor, the second terminal of the first switch or the second switch may refer to the source of the SIC transistor, and the control terminal of the first switch or the second switch refers to the gate of the SIC transistor.

[0074] In the switch module 100, the first end of the first switch in each bridge arm can be coupled to the first connection terminal P1. For example, the first end of switch T1 in bridge arm 100A is coupled to the first connection terminal P1, the first end of switch T3 in bridge arm 100B is coupled to the first connection terminal P1, and the first end of switch T5 in bridge arm 100C is coupled to the first connection terminal P1. The midpoint of one of the multiple bridge arms of the switch module 100 can be coupled to the second connection terminal P2. For example, the midpoint of bridge arm 100B can be coupled to the second connection terminal P2.

[0075] The controller 102 is used to control multiple bridge arms in the switch module 100. Specifically, the controller 102 is coupled to the control terminals of the first switch and the second switch of each bridge arm in the switch module 100, and provides drive signals to the first switch and the second switch.

[0076] In the switching module 100, multiple bridge arms correspond one-to-one with multiple stator windings 101. For example, module 100 includes three bridge arms. Figure 2 As shown, the switch module 100 includes bridge arm 100A, bridge arm 100B and bridge arm 100C, and multiple stator windings 101 include a first phase stator winding S1, a second phase stator winding S2 and a third phase stator winding S3.

[0077] Each stator winding has its first end coupled to a common terminal P, and its second end coupled to the second end of the first switch in the corresponding bridge arm. For example, the first stator winding S1 corresponds to bridge arm 100A, and its second end is coupled to the second end of switch T1 in bridge arm 100A, or in other words, the second end of the first stator winding S1 is coupled to the midpoint of bridge arm 100A. The second stator winding S2 corresponds to bridge arm 100B, and its second end is coupled to the second end of switch T3 in bridge arm 100B, or in other words, the second end of the second stator winding S2 is coupled to the midpoint of bridge arm 100B. The third stator winding S3 corresponds to bridge arm 100C, and its second end is coupled to the second end of switch T5 in bridge arm 100C, or in other words, the second end of the third stator winding S3 is coupled to the midpoint of bridge arm 100C.

[0078] The excitation module 104 has a first end M1 coupled to the first end of the rotor winding 103, and a second end M2 coupled to the second end of the rotor winding 103. In one embodiment, the excitation module 104 can be coupled to the power battery 11 to obtain electrical energy from the power battery 11. Exemplarily, the excitation module 104 may further include a third end M3 and a fourth end M4, wherein the third end M3 is coupled to the first pole of the power battery 11, and the fourth end M4 is coupled to the second pole of the power battery 11. In one embodiment, the excitation module 104 can also be coupled to a first connection end P1 and a second connection end P2 to obtain electrical energy from the first connection end P1 and the second connection end P2. Exemplarily, the excitation module may further include a fifth end M5 and a sixth end M6, wherein the fifth end M5 is coupled to the first connection end P1, and the sixth end M6 is coupled to the second connection end.

[0079] In one embodiment, the power system may further include switches K1 and K2. The first switch in each arm of the switch module 100 can be coupled to the first terminal of the power battery 11 via switch K1.

[0080] For example, in bridge arm 100A, the first end of switch T1 is coupled to the first end of switch K1, and the second end of switch K1 is coupled to the first terminal of power battery 11. In bridge arm 100B, the first end of switch T3 is coupled to the first end of switch K1. In bridge arm 100C, the first end of switch T5 is coupled to the first end of switch K1.

[0081] The third terminal M3 of the excitation module 104 can be coupled to the first terminal of the power battery 11 through switch K1. For example, the third terminal M3 of the excitation module 104 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K1. When switch K1 is in the ON state, the first terminals of switches T1, T3, and T5 are all connected to the first terminal of the power battery 11, and the third terminal M3 of the excitation module 104 is also connected to the first terminal of the power battery 11.

[0082] In the switching module 100, the second switch in each arm of the bridge can be coupled to the second terminal of the power battery via switch K2. For example, in arm 100A, the second end of switch T2 is coupled to the first end of switch K2, and the second end of switch K2 is coupled to the second terminal of the power battery 11. In arm 100B, the second end of switch T4 is coupled to the first end of switch K2. In arm 100C, the second end of switch T6 is coupled to the first end of switch K2.

[0083] The fourth terminal M4 of the excitation module 104 can be coupled to the second terminal of the power battery 11 via switch K2. For example, the fourth terminal M4 of the excitation module is coupled to the first terminal of switch K2. When switch K2 is in the ON state, the second terminals of switches T2, T4, and T6 are all connected to the second terminal of the power battery 11, and the fourth terminal M4 of the excitation module 104 is also connected to the second terminal of the power battery 11.

[0084] When both switches K1 and K2 are in the ON state, the switch module 100 and multiple stator windings 101 can form a switch conversion circuit to supply power to the electrical equipment using the power battery 11.

[0085] In one embodiment, the power system may include switches K3 and K4. A second switch in each arm of the switch module 100 may be coupled to a first connection terminal P1 via switch K3. For example, the first end of switch T1 in arm 100A is coupled to the first end of switch K3, and the second end of switch K3 is coupled to the first connection terminal P1. The first end of switch T3 in arm 100B is coupled to the first end of switch K3. The first end of switch T5 in arm 100C is coupled to the first end of switch K3.

[0086] The fifth terminal M5 of the excitation module 104 can be coupled to the first connection terminal P1 via switch K3. For example, the fifth terminal M5 of the excitation module 104 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K3. When switch K3 is in the ON state, the first terminals of switches T1, T3, and T5 are all connected to the first connection terminal P1, and the fifth terminal M5 of the excitation module 104 is also connected to the first connection terminal P1.

[0087] The second connection terminal P2 can be coupled to the midpoint of one of the bridge arms in the switch module 100 via switch K4. For example, the midpoint of bridge arm 100B is coupled to the first end of switch K4, and the second end of switch K4 is coupled to the second connection terminal P2. The sixth terminal M6 of the excitation module 104 can be coupled to the second connection terminal via switch K4. For example, the sixth terminal M6 of the excitation module 104 is coupled to the first end of switch K4. When switch K4 is in the ON state, the midpoint of bridge arm 100B is connected to the second connection terminal P2, and the sixth terminal M6 of the excitation module 104 is connected to the second connection terminal P2.

[0088] When both switches K3 and K4 are in the ON state, the switch module 100 and multiple stator windings 101 can be used as a switch conversion circuit to charge the power battery 11 using power supply equipment.

[0089] In one embodiment, the power system includes a capacitor C1. Capacitor C1 has a filtering function. A first terminal of capacitor C1 is coupled to a first connection terminal P1, and a second terminal of capacitor C1 is coupled to a second connection terminal P2. Exemplarily, the first terminal of capacitor C1 is coupled to the second terminal of switch K3, and the second terminal of capacitor C1 is coupled to the second terminal of switch K4.

[0090] In one embodiment, the power system includes a capacitor C2. Capacitor C2 has a filtering function. A first terminal of capacitor C2 is coupled to a first terminal of the power battery 11, and a second terminal of capacitor C2 is coupled to a second terminal of the power battery 11. Exemplarily, a first terminal of capacitor C2 is coupled to a first terminal of switch K1, and a first terminal of switch K2.

[0091] Figure 3 The diagram shows a structural schematic of another power system. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the power system includes a power battery 11, a controller 102, a first connection terminal P1, a second connection terminal P2, and a motor. The motor includes a switch module 100, multiple stator windings 101, and an excitation module 104. Figure 3 and Figure 2 The same parts will not be repeated here.

[0092] like Figure 3 As shown, in the switch module 100, the second end of the second switch of each bridge arm is coupled to the first connection terminal P1. For example, the second end of switch T2 in bridge arm 100A is coupled to the first connection terminal P1, the second end of switch T4 in bridge arm 100B is coupled to the first connection terminal P1, and the second end of switch T6 in bridge arm 100C is coupled to the first connection terminal P1.

[0093] In one embodiment, the power system may further include switches K1 and K2. A first switch in each arm of the switch module 100 may be coupled to a first terminal of the power battery via switch K1. For example, the first end of switch T1 in arm 100A is coupled to the first end of switch K1, and the second end of switch K1 is coupled to the first terminal of the power battery 11. The first end of switch T3 in arm 100B is coupled to the first end of switch K1. The first end of switch T5 in arm 100C is coupled to the first end of switch K1.

[0094] The third terminal M3 of the excitation module 104 can be coupled to the first terminal of the power battery 11 via switch K1. For example, the third terminal M3 of the excitation module 104 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K1. When switch K1 is in the ON state, the first terminals of switches T1, T3, and T5 are all connected to the first terminal of the power battery 11, and the third terminal M3 of the excitation module 104 is also connected to the first terminal of the power battery 11.

[0095] In the switching module 100, the second switch in each arm of the bridge can be coupled to the second terminal of the power battery via switch K2. For example, in arm 100A, the second end of switch T2 is coupled to the first end of switch K2, and the second end of switch K2 is coupled to the second terminal of the power battery 11. In arm 100B, the second end of switch T4 is coupled to the first end of switch K2. In arm 100C, the second end of switch T6 is coupled to the first end of switch K2.

[0096] The fourth terminal M4 of the excitation module 104 can be coupled to the second terminal of the power battery 11 via switch K2. For example, the fourth terminal M4 of the excitation module is coupled to the first terminal of switch K2. When switch K2 is in the ON state, the second terminals of switches T2, T4, and T6 are all connected to the second terminal of the power battery 11, and the fourth terminal M4 of the excitation module 104 is also connected to the second terminal of the power battery 11.

[0097] In one embodiment, the power system may include switches K3 and K4. A second switch in each arm of the switch module 100 may be coupled to a first connection terminal P1 via switch K3. For example, the first end of switch T1 in arm 100A is coupled to the first end of switch K3, and the second end of switch K3 is coupled to the first connection terminal P1. The first end of switch T3 in arm 100B is coupled to the first end of switch K3. The first end of switch T5 in arm 100C is coupled to the first end of switch K3.

[0098] The fifth terminal M5 of the excitation module 104 can be coupled to the first connection terminal P1 via switch K3. For example, the fifth terminal M5 of the excitation module 104 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K3. When switch K3 is in the ON state, the first terminals of switches T1, T3, and T5 are all connected to the first connection terminal P1, and the fifth terminal M5 of the excitation module 104 is also connected to the first connection terminal P1.

[0099] The second connection terminal P2 can be coupled to the midpoint of one of the bridge arms in the switch module 100 via switch K4. For example, the midpoint of bridge arm 100B is coupled to the first end of switch K4, and the second end of switch K4 is coupled to the second connection terminal P2. The sixth terminal M6 of the excitation module 104 can be coupled to the second connection terminal via switch K4. For example, the sixth terminal M6 of the excitation module 104 is coupled to the first end of switch K4. When switch K4 is in the ON state, the midpoint of bridge arm 100B is connected to the second connection terminal P2, and the sixth terminal M6 of the excitation module 104 is also connected to the second connection terminal P2.

[0100] When the switch module 100 and multiple stator windings 101 form a switch conversion circuit, switches K3 and K4 can both be in the on state to form a loop and improve the reliability of the power system.

[0101] Figure 4(a) illustrates an application scenario of a power system. In any embodiment of this application, the first connection terminal P1 and the second connection terminal P2 of the power system can be coupled to a power supply device. The power supply device can be a power source such as a charging pile. The controller 102 can control the switching module 100 and multiple stator windings 101 to form a switching conversion circuit. The switching conversion circuit can be used by the power supply device to charge the power battery 11. In one embodiment, the power supply can be a charging pile, and the electrical energy provided by the charging pile can be supplied to the power battery through the switching conversion circuit to charge the power battery. In another embodiment, the power supply device can be a low-voltage charging pile, and the motor can act as a switching conversion circuit to boost the voltage of the power battery.

[0102] Figure 4(b) illustrates another application scenario of the power system. The first connection terminal P1 and the second connection terminal P2 in the power system provided in any embodiment of this application can be coupled to an electrical device. The electrical device can be a device to be charged or a battery to be charged, etc. The controller 102 can control the switching module 100 and multiple stator windings 101 to form a switching conversion circuit. The switching conversion circuit can be used for the power battery 11 to charge the electrical device.

[0103] To reduce the number of switches in the power system, the power system provided in this application can have various variations.

[0104] Figure 5(a) shows a schematic diagram of a power system. Figure 2 The same parts will not be repeated here. As shown in Figure 5(a), the power system includes switch K1. The second switch in each arm of the switch module 100 can be directly coupled to the second terminal of the power battery. The first switch in each arm of the switch module 100 can be coupled to the first terminal of the power battery through switch K1. For example, the first end of switch T1 in arm 100A is coupled to the first end of switch K1, and the second end of switch K1 is coupled to the first terminal of the power battery 11. The first end of switch T3 in arm 100B is coupled to the first end of switch K1. The first end of switch T5 in arm 100C is coupled to the first end of switch K1. When switch K1 is in the ON state, the first ends of switch T1, switch T3, and switch T5 are all connected to the first terminal of the power battery 11.

[0105] Figure 5(b) shows a schematic diagram of a power system. Figure 5(b) and... Figure 2 The same parts will not be described again here. As shown in Figure 5(b), the power system may also include switch K2. The first switch in each arm of the switch module 100 can be directly coupled to the first terminal of the power battery. For example, the first terminal of switch T1, the first terminal of switch T3, and the first terminal of switch T5 are all directly coupled to the first terminal of the power battery 11.

[0106] In the switching module 100, the second switch in each arm of the bridge module can be coupled to the second terminal of the power battery via switch K2. For example, in bridge arm 100A, the second end of switch T2 is coupled to the first end of switch K2, and the second end of switch K2 is coupled to the second terminal of the power battery 11. In bridge arm 100B, the second end of switch T4 is coupled to the first end of switch K2. In bridge arm 100C, the second end of switch T6 is coupled to the first end of switch K2. When switch K2 is in the ON state, the second ends of switches T2, T4, and T6 are all connected to the second terminal of the power battery 11.

[0107] The third terminal M3 of the excitation module 104 can be coupled to the first terminal of the power battery 11. The fourth terminal M4 of the excitation module 104 is coupled to the first terminal of the switch K2.

[0108] Figure 6(a) shows a schematic diagram of a power system. Figure 2The same parts will not be repeated here. As shown in Figure 6(a), the power system may also include switch K3. In switch module 100, the first end of the first switch in each bridge arm is coupled to the first connection end P1 through switch K3. For example, in bridge arm 100A, the first end of switch T1 is coupled to the first end of switch K3, and the second end of switch K3 is coupled to the first connection end P1. In bridge arm 100B, the first end of switch T3 is coupled to the first end of switch K3, and in bridge arm 100C, the first end of switch T5 is coupled to the first end of switch K3. In the multiple bridge arms of switch module 100, the midpoint of one bridge arm may be coupled to the second connection end P2. For example, the midpoint of bridge arm 100B may be coupled to the second connection end P2.

[0109] Figure 6(b) shows a schematic diagram of a power system. Figure 6(b) and... Figure 2 The same parts will not be repeated here. As shown in Figure 6(b), the power system may also include switch K4. In switch module 100, the first end of the first switch in each arm is coupled to the first connection end P1. For example, the first end of switch T1 in arm 100A is coupled to the first connection end P1. The first end of switch T3 in arm 100B is coupled to the first connection end P1, and the first end of switch T5 in arm 100C is coupled to the first connection end P1. In the multiple arms of switch module 100, the midpoint of one arm can be coupled to the second connection end P2 through switch K4. For example, the midpoint of arm 100B can be coupled to the first end of switch K4, and the second end of switch K4 is coupled to the second connection end P2.

[0110] Figure 7(a) shows a schematic diagram of a power system. Figure 7(a) and... Figure 3 The same parts will not be repeated here. As shown in Figure 7(a), the power system may also include switch K3. In switch module 100, the second end of the second switch in each bridge arm is coupled to the first connection terminal P1 through switch K3. For example, in bridge arm 100A, the second end of switch T2 is coupled to the first end of switch K3, and the second end of switch K3 is coupled to the first connection terminal P1. In bridge arm 100B, the second end of switch T4 is coupled to the first end of switch K3, and in bridge arm 100C, the second end of switch T6 is coupled to the first end of switch K3. In the multiple bridge arms of switch module 100, the midpoint of one bridge arm may be coupled to the second connection terminal P2. For example, the midpoint of bridge arm 100B may be coupled to the second connection terminal P2.

[0111] Figure 7(b) shows a schematic diagram of a power system. Figure 7(b) and... Figure 3The same parts will not be repeated here. As shown in Figure 7(b), the power system may also include switch K4. In switch module 100, the second end of the second switch in each bridge arm is coupled to the first connection terminal P1. For example, the second end of switch T2 in bridge arm 100A is coupled to the first connection terminal P1. The second end of switch T4 in bridge arm 100B is coupled to the first connection terminal P1, and the second end of switch T6 in bridge arm 100C is coupled to the first connection terminal P1. In the multiple bridge arms of switch module 100, the midpoint of one bridge arm can be coupled to the second connection terminal P2 through switch K4. For example, the midpoint of bridge arm 100B can be coupled to the first end of switch K4, and the second end of switch K4 is coupled to the second connection terminal P2.

[0112] In this embodiment, the excitation module 104 may include at least two bridge arms. For example, the excitation module 104 includes a first bridge arm and a second bridge arm. Each bridge arm may include a third switch and a fourth switch.

[0113] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of an excitation module 104 in a power system is shown. Figure 8 As shown, the excitation module 104 includes bridge arms 104A and 104B. Bridge arm 104A may include switches H1 and H2 connected in series. The first end of switch H1 is coupled to the third end M3 of the excitation module 104, the second end of switch H1 is coupled to the first end of switch H2, and the second end of switch H2 is coupled to the fourth end M4 of the excitation module 104. Bridge arm 104B may include switches H3 and H4 connected in series. The first end of switch H3 is coupled to the third end M3 of the excitation module 104, the second end of switch H3 is coupled to the first end of switch H4, and the second end of switch H4 is coupled to the fourth end M4 of the excitation module 104.

[0114] The switch coupled to the first input terminal P1 in each bridge arm can be referred to as the third switch in that bridge arm. For example, the third switch in bridge arm 104A is switch H1, and the third switch in bridge arm 104B is switch H3. The switch coupled to the second input terminal P2 in each bridge arm can be referred to as the fourth switch in that bridge arm. For example, the fourth switch in bridge arm 100A is switch H2, and the fourth switch in bridge arm 100B is switch H4. The second end of switch H1 in bridge arm 104A, i.e., the midpoint of bridge arm 104A, can be coupled to the first terminal M1 of excitation module 104. The second end of switch H3 in bridge arm 104B, i.e., the midpoint of bridge arm 104B, can be coupled to the second terminal M2 of excitation module 104.

[0115] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of an excitation module 104 in a power system is shown. Figure 9As shown, the excitation module 104 may have a first terminal M1, a second terminal M2, a fifth terminal M5, and a sixth terminal M6. The excitation module 104 may include bridge arms 104A and 104B. Bridge arm 104A may include switches H1 and H2 connected in series. The first terminal of switch H1 is coupled to the fifth terminal M5 of the excitation module 104, the second terminal of switch H1 is coupled to the first terminal of switch H2, and the second terminal of switch H2 is coupled to the sixth terminal M6 of the excitation module 104. Bridge arm 104B may include switches H3 and H4 connected in series. The first terminal of switch H3 is coupled to the fifth terminal M5 of the excitation module 104, the second terminal of switch H3 is coupled to the first terminal of switch H4, and the second terminal of switch H4 is coupled to the sixth terminal M6 of the excitation module 104.

[0116] The switch coupled to the first input terminal P1 in each bridge arm can be referred to as the third switch in that bridge arm. For example, the third switch in bridge arm 104A is switch H1, and the third switch in bridge arm 104B is switch H3. The switch coupled to the second input terminal P2 in each bridge arm can be referred to as the fourth switch in that bridge arm. For example, the fourth switch in bridge arm 100A is switch H2, and the fourth switch in bridge arm 100B is switch H4. The second end of switch H1 in bridge arm 104A, i.e., the midpoint of bridge arm 104A, can be coupled to the first terminal M1 of excitation module 104. The second end of switch H3 in bridge arm 104B, i.e., the midpoint of bridge arm 104B, can be coupled to the second terminal M2 of excitation module 104.

[0117] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of an excitation module 104 in a power system is shown. Figure 9 As shown, the excitation module may have a first terminal M1, a second terminal M2, a third terminal M3, a fourth terminal M4, a fifth terminal M5, and a sixth terminal M6. The excitation module 104 may include bridge arms 104A and 104B, and a first gating unit 104C. The first gating unit 104C may include switches K5 and K6. Bridge arms 104A may include switches H1 and H2 connected in series. The first terminal of switch H1 is coupled to the fifth terminal M5 of the excitation module 104. The second terminal of switch H1 is coupled to the first terminal of switch H2, and the second terminal of switch H2 is coupled to the sixth terminal M6 of the excitation module 104. The first terminal of switch H1 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K5, and the second terminal of switch K5 is coupled to the third terminal M3 of the excitation module 104. When switch K5 is in the ON state, the first terminal of switch H1 is connected to the third terminal M3 of the excitation module 104. The second terminal of switch H2 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K6, and the second terminal of switch K6 is coupled to the fourth terminal M4 of excitation module 104. When switch K6 is in the ON state, the second terminal of switch H2 is connected to the fourth terminal M4 of excitation module 104.

[0118] Bridge arm 104B may include switches H3 and H4 connected in series. The first end of switch H3 is coupled to the fifth end M5 of excitation module 104, the second end of switch H3 is coupled to the first end of switch H4, and the second end of switch H4 is coupled to the sixth end M6 of excitation module 104. The first end of switch H3 is coupled to the first end of switch K5, and the second end of switch K5 is coupled to the third end M3 of excitation module 104. When switch K5 is in the ON state, the first end of switch H3 is connected to the third end M3 of excitation module 104. The second end of switch H4 is coupled to the first end of switch K6, and the second end of switch K6 is coupled to the fourth end M4 of excitation module 104. When switch K6 is in the ON state, the second end of switch H4 is connected to the fourth end M4 of excitation module 104.

[0119] In one embodiment, Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of an excitation module 104 in a power system is shown. The excitation module may have a first terminal M1, a second terminal M2, a third terminal M3, a fourth terminal M4, a fifth terminal M5, and a sixth terminal M6. The first gating unit 104C may include switches K5 and K6. The second gating unit 104D may include switches K7 and K8.

[0120] Bridge arm 104A may include switches H1 and H2 connected in series. The first terminal of switch H1 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K7, and the second terminal of switch K7 is coupled to the fifth terminal M5 of excitation module 104. When switch K7 is in the ON state, the first terminal of switch H1 is connected to the fifth terminal M5 of excitation module 104. The second terminal of switch H1 is coupled to the first terminal of switch H2, the second terminal of switch H2 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K8, and the second terminal of switch K8 is coupled to the sixth terminal M6 of excitation module 104. When switch K8 is in the ON state, the second terminal of switch H2 is coupled to the sixth terminal M6 of excitation module 104.

[0121] The first terminal of switch H1 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K5, and the second terminal of switch K5 is coupled to the third terminal M3 of excitation module 104. When switch K5 is in the ON state, the first terminal of switch H1 is connected to the third terminal M3 of excitation module 104. The second terminal of switch H2 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K6, and the second terminal of switch K6 is coupled to the fourth terminal M4 of excitation module 104. When switch K6 is in the ON state, the second terminal of switch H2 is connected to the fourth terminal M4 of excitation module 104.

[0122] Bridge arm 104B may include switches H3 and H4 connected in series. The first terminal of switch H3 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K7, and the second terminal of switch K7 is coupled to the fifth terminal M5 of excitation module 104. When switch K7 is in the ON state, the first terminal of switch H3 is connected to the fifth terminal M5 of excitation module 104. The second terminal of switch H3 is coupled to the first terminal of switch H4, the second terminal of switch H4 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K8, and the second terminal of switch K8 is coupled to the sixth terminal M6 of excitation module 104. When switch K8 is in the ON state, the second terminal of switch H4 is coupled to the sixth terminal M6 of excitation module 104.

[0123] The first terminal of switch H3 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K5, and the second terminal of switch K5 is coupled to the third terminal M3 of excitation module 104. When switch K5 is in the ON state, the first terminal of switch H3 is connected to the third terminal M3 of excitation module 104. The second terminal of switch H4 is coupled to the first terminal of switch K6, and the second terminal of switch K6 is coupled to the fourth terminal M4 of excitation module 104. When switch K6 is in the ON state, the second terminal of switch H4 is connected to the fourth terminal M4 of excitation module 104.

[0124] The second end of switch H1 in bridge arm 104A, which is also the midpoint of bridge arm 104A, can be coupled to the first end M1 of excitation module 104. The second end of switch H3 in bridge arm 104B, which is also the midpoint of bridge arm 104B, can be coupled to the second end M2 of excitation module 104.

[0125] In practical applications, switches K5 and K6 have the same on / off state, for example, both being either in a conducting or open state. Switches K7 and K8 also have the same on / off state, for example, both being either in a conducting or open state. However, switches K5 and K7 cannot be in a conducting state simultaneously. Similarly, switches K6 and K8 cannot be in a conducting state simultaneously.

[0126] Based on the power system provided in any of the above embodiments, the controller 102 can control the switches in the switching module 100 so that the switching module 100 and the multiple stator windings 101 can form a switching conversion circuit.

[0127] The following is a brief introduction to the working process of a motor as a switching converter circuit. For example... Figure 12 As shown, controller 102 can control two bridge arms in switch module 100, causing the stator windings coupled at the midpoints of these two bridge arms to be connected in parallel. For example, controller 102 controls switch T1 in bridge arm 100A to be in the ON state, and controls switch T5 in bridge arm 100C to be in the ON state. When switches T1 and T5 are in the ON state, the current direction in the circuit supplying electrical energy to the power supply equipment is as follows: Figure 12As shown by the dashed lines, the first phase stator winding S1 corresponding to bridge arm 100A and the third phase stator winding S3 corresponding to bridge arm 100C are both in an energy storage state. The current i2 between the power supply equipment and bridge arm 100B is i1 + i3. Where i3 is the current at the third phase stator winding S3, i1 is the current at the first phase stator winding S1, and i2 is the current at the second phase stator winding S2.

[0128] like Figure 13 As shown, controller 102 controls switch T2 in bridge arm 100A to be in the ON state, and controls switch T6 in bridge arm 100C to be in the ON state. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 13 When switches T1 and T5 are in the open circuit state, the direction of the current in the circuit for charging the power battery is as follows: Figure 13 As shown by the dashed lines, the electrical energy stored in the first phase stator winding S1 can be released through the diode of switch T2 in bridge arm 100A. The electrical energy stored in the third phase stator winding S3 can be released through the diode of switch T6 in bridge arm 100C. Alternatively, controller 12 can control switches T2 and T6 to be in the ON state so that the electrical energy stored in the first phase stator winding S1 is released through switch T2, and the electrical energy stored in the third phase stator winding S3 is released through switch T6.

[0129] In an electric motor, the stator is typically used to generate a rotating magnetic field. Current flowing through the rotor windings also generates a magnetic field, causing the rotor to rotate following the rotating magnetic field produced by the stator. This generates torque in the motor. When the electric vehicle is stationary and the motor is acting as a switch, the torque generated by the motor can cause the vehicle to vibrate.

[0130] During the switching and conversion process in an electric motor, current flows through the stator windings at the instant the power supply equipment is connected to and disconnected from the power system, generating a magnetomotive force (MOF). This generation of MOF is also known as stator excitation. The reluctance torque generated by the rotor during stator excitation is related to the rotor's position. In one possible scenario, the rotor's position during stator excitation could maximize the reluctance torque generated by the motor, leading to more severe vibration in the electric vehicle. For example, if the motor's peak torque is approximately 300 Nm, the maximum reluctance torque generated by the rotor can reach 60 Nm, and the reducer ratio is 13, then approximately 780 Nm of torque will be generated in the electric vehicle.

[0131] To reduce or avoid vehicle vibration during the reuse of the motor as a switching circuit, the controller 102 can control the excitation module to provide a target excitation current to the rotor winding, so that the motor generates reluctance torque to cancel or partially cancel the excitation torque, thereby reducing or avoiding vehicle vibration.

[0132] According to the operating principle of the motor, the reluctance torque T of the motor rel The following formula (a) can be used for calculation:

[0133]

[0134] Where p is the number of rotor pole pairs in the motor, i q Let i be the q-axis current in the dq coordinate system. d Let L be the d-axis current. d For the d-axis inductance, L q It is the q-axis inductance.

[0135] The excitation module 104 inputs an excitation current i to the rotor winding 103. f It can make the motor generate excitation torque T em Excitation torque T em The following formula (b) can be used for calculation:

[0136]

[0137] Where p is the number of pole pairs in the motor, L m For the magnetizing inductor, i f For the current input to the rotor winding 103, i q Let be the q-axis current in the dq coordinate system.

[0138] Total torque T of the motor m This is the sum of the excitation torque and the reluctance torque. The total motor torque T m The following formula can be used for calculation:

[0139] T m =T rel +T em

[0140] According to the excitation current i f With the total torque T of the motor m Relationship, total motor torque T m When it is zero, the excitation current i f The following formula (c) can be used for calculation:

[0141]

[0142] Accordingly, during the process of the motor acting as a switching circuit, the controller 102 can control the excitation module 104 to input an excitation current i to the rotor winding 103. f This makes the total torque T of the motor m It is zero or reduced.

[0143] In this embodiment of the application, during the process of the motor acting as a switching circuit, the controller 102 acquires the direct-axis current i. d_t And based on the direct-axis current i d_t Determine the target excitation current if_t It also controls the excitation module 104 to output the target excitation current i to the rotor winding 103. f_t In this embodiment, the controller 102 controls the excitation module 104 to output the target excitation current i to the rotor winding 103. f_t Due to factors such as circuitry, environment, and losses, the actual output current of the excitation module 104 may not equal the value calculated by the above formula. In this embodiment, the actual output current of the excitation module 104 may be greater than or less than the target excitation current i. f_t .

[0144] In this embodiment, the controller 102 can determine the target excitation current i based on the stator winding current of each phase of the stator winding 101. f_t For example, the stator winding 101 includes a first phase stator winding S1, a second phase stator winding S2, and a third phase stator winding S3.

[0145] In this embodiment, the controller 102 calculates the target excitation current i based on the stator winding current of each phase of the stator winding 101. f_t .

[0146] In one embodiment, the controller 102 can detect the current of the first phase stator winding S1, the current of the second phase stator winding S2, and the current of the third phase stator winding S3, respectively. The direct-axis current i can be determined based on the currents of the first phase stator winding S1, the second phase stator winding S2, and the third phase stator winding S3. d_t and cross-axis current i q_t For example, based on the Park transformation, the direct-axis current i can be calculated using the stator winding currents of each phase of stator winding 101. d_t and cross-axis current i q_t In one embodiment, the calculation process can refer to the following formula (d):

[0147]

[0148] Among them, i A i is the current in the first phase stator winding S1. B i is the current in the second phase stator winding S2. C The current in the third phase stator winding S3, θ r This refers to the rotor electrical angle. The rotor electrical angle can be converted into the rotor mechanical angle θ. m The product of the rotor pole pair number p. The controller 102 can detect the rotor mechanical angle θ via a sensor. m .

[0149] In one embodiment, the controller 102 can calculate the direct-axis current i based on a preset calculation method.d_t Determine the target excitation current i f_t For example, i f =K1×i d , where K1 is a constant.

[0150] In one embodiment, the controller 102 can be based on the excitation current i f Related parameters of the motor (such as the aforementioned direct-axis inductance L) d quadrature axis inductance L q and excitation inductance L m The relationship between (etc.) is used to determine the target excitation current i. f_t For example, the target excitation current i can be calculated based on formula (c). f_t The calculation process can be referenced from the following formula (e):

[0151]

[0152] In one embodiment, the controller 102 can store the direct-axis inductance L of the motor. d quadrature axis inductance L q and excitation inductance L m Information such as the direct-axis inductance L. In one embodiment, the controller 102 may store the direct-axis inductance L. d With cross-axis inductance L q The difference, and the storage magnetizing inductance L m The controller 102 can compare the first value with the excitation inductance L. m The ratio of the two values ​​is determined as the target excitation current i. f_t The first value can be the difference and the obtained direct-axis current i. d_t The product of.

[0153] In one embodiment, the controller 102 may utilize direct-axis current. and cross-axis current The target excitation current is determined based on a preset calculation method. For example, controller 102 can utilize direct-axis current. and cross-axis current Calculate the reluctance torque generated by the motor according to formula (a) For example:

[0154]

[0155] The controller 102 can adjust the reluctance torque T generated by the motor according to the motor. rel_t Determine the target excitation torque T em_t For -T rel_t Based on the target excitation torque -T rel_t The target excitation current i can be calculated according to formula (a).f_t For example:

[0156]

[0157] In this embodiment of the application, the controller 102 is based on a preset direct-axis current i d With excitation current i f Based on the correspondence, the target excitation current i is determined according to the stator winding current of each phase of stator winding 101. f_t .

[0158] In one embodiment, the controller 102 stores a preset direct-axis current i d With excitation current i f The correspondence between the preset direct-axis current and the excitation current includes multiple preset direct-axis currents and the corresponding excitation current for each direct-axis current.

[0159] Figure 14(a) is a schematic diagram of the preset correspondence between the direct-axis current and the excitation current. As shown in Figure 14(a), the direct-axis current i d The minimum value is -idmax, and the maximum value is idmax. Two adjacent direct-axis currents i d The difference between them is step1. Wherein, each direct-axis current i d Corresponding to an excitation current i f Optionally, two adjacent direct-axis currents i d The difference between them does not have to be a fixed value.

[0160] The controller 102 can find and obtain the direct-axis current i from the correspondence between the direct-axis current and the excitation current. d_t The corresponding excitation current i f And determined as the target excitation current i f_t .

[0161] In one embodiment, the controller 102 stores a preset correspondence between direct-axis current ranges and excitation currents. The preset correspondence includes multiple preset direct-axis current ranges and the corresponding excitation current i for each direct-axis current range. f .

[0162] Figure 14(b) is another schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the preset direct-axis current intervals and the excitation current. As shown in Figure 14(b), the first direct-axis current interval is [-idmax, -idmax+1*step1), the second direct-axis current interval is [-idmax+1*step1, -idmax+2*step1), ..., and the last direct-axis current interval is [idmax-1*step1, idmax]. The specific value of the excitation current is not shown in Figure 14(b). In the embodiments of this application, an interval may refer to a set. An interval may include at least one element. Optionally, among the preset multiple direct-axis current intervals, the range size of each interval may be the same or different.

[0163] Controller 102 can determine the acquired direct-axis current i d_t The corresponding direct-axis current i is obtained by searching for the corresponding direct-axis current i in the preset correspondence between direct-axis current range and excitation current. d_t The excitation current corresponding to the direct-axis current range is determined as the target excitation current i. f_t In some possible scenarios, at least two of the preset direct-axis current intervals partially overlap. If the acquired direct-axis current i... d_t If the number of direct-axis current intervals is greater than 1, then the controller 102 can acquire the direct-axis current i. d_t Any one of the multiple direct-axis current intervals is determined as the target interval. Then, in the preset correspondence between direct-axis current intervals and excitation currents, the corresponding excitation current for the target interval is found and determined as the target excitation current i. f_t .

[0164] In the application embodiment, the controller 102 can store the correspondence between preset parameter combinations and excitation current.

[0165] In one embodiment, the parameter combinations include direct-axis current and quadrature-axis current. Each parameter combination includes a direct-axis current value and a quadrature-axis current value. Each parameter combination corresponds to an excitation current.

[0166] In one embodiment, the direct-axis current value and the quadrature-axis current value are fixed values. The controller 102 determines the direct-axis current i based on the acquired value. d_t The obtained direct-axis current i d_t The corresponding excitation current i is determined based on the correspondence between the parameter combination and the excitation current. f Thus, the target excitation current i is obtained. f_t .

[0167] Figure 15(a) is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between preset parameter combinations and excitation current. As shown in Figure 15(a), the minimum value of the direct-axis current is -idmax, the maximum value is idmax, and the difference between two adjacent direct-axis currents is step1. The preset minimum value of the quadrature-axis current is -iqmax, the maximum value is iqmax, and the difference between two adjacent direct-axis currents is step2. Optionally, step1 or step2 may not be fixed values.

[0168] In one embodiment, the direct-axis current value and the quadrature-axis current value are ranges. The controller 102 can adjust the value based on the acquired direct-axis current i. d_t The corresponding direct-axis current range and the obtained quadrature-axis current i q_t The corresponding excitation current i is determined based on the relationship between the parameter combination and the excitation current within the quadrature-axis current range. f Thus, the target excitation current i is obtained. f_t .

[0169] Figure 15(b) is another schematic diagram showing the correspondence between preset parameter combinations and excitation current. As shown in Figure 15(b), the multiple direct-axis current intervals are [-idmax, -idmax+1*step1), [-idmax+1*step1, -idmax+2*step1), ..., [idmax-1*step1, idmax]. The multiple quadrature-axis current intervals are [-iqmax, -iqmax+1*step2), [-iqmax+1*step2, -iqmax+2*step2), ..., [iqmax-1*step2, iqmax]. Optionally, step1 or step2 may not be a fixed value. Optionally, the ranges of the preset multiple direct-axis current intervals may be the same or different. Similarly, the ranges of the preset multiple quadrature-axis current intervals may be the same or different.

[0170] In some possible scenarios, such as when at least two of the preset direct-axis current intervals partially overlap, the acquired direct-axis current i may be included. d_t If the number of direct-axis current intervals is greater than 1, then the controller 102 can include the acquired direct-axis current i d_t Any one of the multiple direct-axis current intervals is determined as the aforementioned target direct-axis current interval.

[0171] In some possible scenarios, such as when at least two of the preset quadrature-axis current intervals partially overlap, the acquired quadrature-axis current i may be included. q_t If the number of quadrature-axis current intervals is greater than 1, then controller 102 can include the acquired quadrature-axis current i q_tAny one of the multiple quadrature-axis current intervals is determined as the aforementioned target quadrature-axis current interval.

[0172] In one embodiment, the parameter combinations include direct-axis current, quadrature-axis current, and rotor mechanical angle. Each parameter combination includes a direct-axis current value, a quadrature-axis current value, and a rotor mechanical angle value. Each parameter combination corresponds to an excitation current.

[0173] In one embodiment, the direct-axis current value, the quadrature-axis current value, and the rotor mechanical angle value are fixed values. The controller 102 acquires the rotor mechanical angle θ before the motor is used as a switching circuit. m_t The controller 102 determines the rotor mechanical angle θ based on the acquired value. m_t The obtained direct-axis current i d_t The obtained quadrature-axis current i q_t The corresponding excitation current i is determined based on the correspondence between the parameter combination and the excitation current. f Thus, the target excitation current i is obtained. f_t .

[0174] Figure 16(a) is another schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the preset parameter combinations and the excitation current. As shown in Figure 16(a), the preset multiple rotor mechanical angles can be denoted as θ. m1 θ m2 , …, θ mn The preset minimum value for the direct-axis current is -idmax, and the maximum value is idmax. The difference between two adjacent direct-axis currents is step1. The preset minimum value for the quadrature-axis current is -iqmax, and the maximum value is iqmax. The difference between two adjacent direct-axis currents is step2. Optionally, step1 or step2 can be fixed or non-fixed values.

[0175] In one embodiment, the direct-axis current value, quadrature-axis current value, and rotor mechanical angle value are ranges. The controller 102 acquires the rotor mechanical angle θ before the motor is used as a switching circuit. m_t The controller 102 determines the rotor mechanical angle θ based on the acquired value. m_t The rotor mechanical angle range to which it belongs, and the obtained direct-axis current i d_t The corresponding direct-axis current range and the obtained quadrature-axis current i q_t The corresponding excitation current i is determined based on the relationship between the parameter combination and the excitation current within the quadrature-axis current range. f Thus, the target excitation current i is obtained. f_t .

[0176] Figure 16(b) is another schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the preset parameter combinations and the excitation current. As shown in Figure 16(b), the preset multiple direct-axis current ranges are [-idmax, -idmax+1*step1), [-idmax+1*step1, -idmax+2*step1), ..., [idmax-1*step1, idmax]. The preset multiple quadrature-axis current ranges are [-iqmax, -iqmax+1*step2), [-iqmax+1*step2, -iqmax+2*step2), ..., [iqmax-1*step2, iqmax]. The preset multiple rotor mechanical angle ranges can be denoted as [θ]. m1 θ m2 ), [θ m2 θ m3 ), ..., [θ mn-1 θ mn Optionally, the preset ranges of multiple direct-axis current intervals can be the same or different. Similarly, the preset ranges of multiple quadrature-axis current intervals can be the same or different. The preset ranges of multiple rotor mechanical angle intervals can be the same or different. The interval ranges can be non-overlapping or partially overlapping.

[0177] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one possible motor torque condition. (For example...) Figure 17 As shown, when the motor acts as a switching circuit to charge the power battery 11 using the power supply equipment, the direct-axis current i in the motor... d The quadrature-axis current i varies with time. q Changes over time.

[0178] In one embodiment, the controller 102 determines the direct-axis current i based on the direct-axis current i. d Determine the target excitation current i f_t The excitation module 104 controls the output of the target excitation current i to the rotor winding 103. f_t .

[0179] In one embodiment, the controller 102 determines the direct-axis current i based on the direct-axis current i. d and cross-axis current i q Determine the target excitation current i f_t The excitation module 104 controls the output of the target excitation current i to the rotor winding 103. f_t .

[0180] In one embodiment, the controller 102 determines the direct-axis current i based on the direct-axis current i. d Cross-axis current i q and rotor mechanical angle θ m Determine the target excitation current i f_t The excitation module 104 controls the output of the target excitation current i to the rotor winding 103.f_t .

[0181] like Figure 17 As shown, when the motor acts as a switching circuit to charge the power battery 11 using the power supply equipment, the direct-axis current i in the motor... d The quadrature-axis current i varies with time. q It changes over time. Accordingly, controller 102 controls excitation module 104 to output target excitation current i. f The curves change over time. Curve Z1 reflects the reluctance torque generated by the motor. Curve Z2 reflects the excitation torque generated by the motor when the excitation module 104 inputs excitation current to the rotor winding 103. Curve Z3 reflects the total torque of the motor.

[0182] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one possible motor torque condition. (For example...) Figure 18 As shown, at the instant the power supply equipment switches on the switching circuit, the direct-axis current i of the motor... d Gradually increase, quadrature-axis current i q It also gradually increases. The excitation module 104 outputs the excitation current i f It also gradually increases. As the power supply equipment stably charges the power battery through the switching conversion circuit, the direct-axis current i d Increase to current N_i d It then stabilizes at the current N_i d At this time, the quadrature-axis current i q Increase to current N_i q It then stabilizes at the current N_i q .

[0183] Controller 102 can respond to direct-axis current i d Changes in cross-axis current i q The change in excitation current i output by the excitation module 104 is adjusted accordingly. f Therefore, with the direct-axis current i d Stable, quadrature-axis current i q Stable, the controller 102 controls the excitation current i output by the excitation module 104. f It can be stabilized at current N_i f Curve Z4 reflects the reluctance torque generated by the motor when the switching converter circuit is connected to the power supply equipment. Curve Z5 reflects the excitation torque generated by the motor when the excitation module 104 inputs excitation current to the rotor winding 103 when the switching converter circuit is connected to the power supply equipment. Curve Z6 reflects the total torque of the motor.

[0184] At the instant the power supply equipment switches on and the switching circuit disconnects, the direct-axis current i d From current gradually current N_i d Gradually decreasing to 0, the quadrature-axis current iq Also determined by the current N_i q Gradually decrease to 0. Controller 102 can adjust according to the direct-axis current i. d Changes in cross-axis current i q The change in excitation current i output by the excitation module 104 is adjusted accordingly. f It can be determined by the current N_i f The torque gradually decreases to 0. Curve Z7 reflects the reluctance torque generated by the motor when the switching circuit is disconnected from the power supply. Curve Z8 reflects the excitation current input from the excitation module 104 to the rotor winding 103 when the switching circuit is disconnected from the power supply, resulting in the excitation torque generated by the motor.

[0185] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the controller provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the controller 102 may include a processor 301 and a memory 302. The memory 302 may be used to store instructions (code or programs) and / or data. The processor 301 may read instructions (code or programs) and / or data from the memory to implement the functions of the controller 102 or to execute all or part of the operations performed by the controller 102.

[0186] It should be understood that the processor 301 described above can be a chip. For example, the processor can be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system-on-chip (SoC), a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chips.

[0187] In implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor. The software modules can reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory; the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0188] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory used in the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0189] It should be understood that the controller 102 in this embodiment can be implemented in hardware or software. When implemented in hardware, the controller 102 can be a logic circuit, integrated circuit, etc. When implemented in software, the controller 102 can be a general-purpose processor that reads software code stored in memory. This memory can be integrated into the processor or located outside the processor and exist independently.

[0190] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, including program instructions or code, which, when run on a processor, cause the processor to perform all or part of the steps performed by the controller 102 according to various exemplary embodiments of this application as described above.

[0191] This application also provides a readable storage medium for storing the aforementioned computer program product. The readable storage medium provided in this application can be, but is not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0192] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A controller for controlling a motor as a switching circuit, said motor comprising a stator, a rotor, and an excitation module, characterized in that, During the process of the motor acting as a switching circuit, current flows through the stator windings of the stator, and the motor generates excitation torque. The controller is used for: Obtain the direct-axis current of the motor; Based on the direct-axis current, determine the target excitation current; The excitation module is controlled to input the target excitation current to the rotor. After the target excitation current is input to the rotor winding, the motor generates reluctance torque to counteract the excitation torque.

2. The controller as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is used for: Detect the current in each phase winding of the stator; Before the motor is used as a switching circuit, the rotor mechanical angle is detected; The direct-axis current is determined based on the stator winding currents and the rotor mechanical angle.

3. The controller as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The controller is used for: Obtain the quadrature-axis current of the motor; The target excitation current is determined based on the quadrature-axis current and the direct-axis current.

4. The controller as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The controller is used for: The target excitation current is determined based on the direct-axis current, the direct-axis inductance, the quadrature-axis inductance, and the magnetizing inductance of the motor.

5. The controller as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The controller is used for: The ratio of the first value to the excitation inductance is determined as the target excitation current; Wherein, the first value is the product of the direct-axis current and the second value, and the second value is the difference between the direct-axis inductance and the quadrature-axis inductance.

6. The controller as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The controller stores a preset correspondence between direct-axis current and excitation current, and the controller is used for: Based on the preset correspondence between direct-axis current and excitation current, the excitation current corresponding to the obtained direct-axis current is determined as the target excitation current.

7. The controller as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The controller stores a preset correspondence between direct-axis current ranges and excitation currents. The controller is used for: Based on the obtained direct-axis current, determine the direct-axis current range to which the direct-axis current belongs; The excitation current corresponding to the direct-axis current range is determined as the target excitation current.

8. The controller as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The controller stores a preset relationship between parameter combinations and excitation currents. Each parameter combination includes a direct-axis current and a quadrature-axis current. The controller is used for: Obtain the quadrature-axis current of the motor; Based on the obtained parameter combination, the excitation current corresponding to the parameter combination is determined as the target excitation current.

9. The controller as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Each parameter combination includes a direct-axis current value and a quadrature-axis current value; at least one of the direct-axis current values ​​and quadrature-axis current values ​​in any two parameter combinations in the relationship is different.

10. The controller as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The controller stores a preset relationship between parameter combinations and excitation current. Each parameter combination includes direct-axis current, alternating current, and rotor mechanical angle. The controller is used for: Before the motor is used as a switching circuit, the rotor mechanical angle is obtained; Obtain the quadrature-axis current of the motor; Based on the obtained parameter combination, the excitation current corresponding to the parameter combination is determined as the target excitation current.

11. The controller as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, Each parameter combination includes a direct-axis current value, a quadrature-axis current value, and a rotor mechanical angle value; at least one of the direct-axis current value, quadrature-axis current value, and rotor mechanical angle value in any two parameter combinations in the relationship is different.

12. A power system including an electric motor, characterized in that, Includes a motor, controller, and power battery; among which: The motor includes a switching module, a rotor winding, multiple stator windings, and an excitation module; the switching module and the multiple stator windings of the motor constitute a switching conversion circuit, which is used to charge the power battery or to supply power using the power battery. During the process of the motor acting as a switching conversion circuit, current flows through the stator windings of the stator, and the motor generates excitation torque. The controller is used to acquire the direct-axis current of the plurality of stator windings during the process of the motor acting as the switching circuit, and to control the excitation module to output a target excitation current to the rotor winding according to the direct-axis current. After the target excitation current is input to the rotor winding, the motor generates reluctance torque to counteract the excitation torque.

13. The power system as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The controller is used to acquire the quadrature axis current of the plurality of stator windings, and determine the target excitation current based on the quadrature axis current and the direct axis current.

14. The power system as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The controller is used to acquire the rotor mechanical angle of the rotor before the motor is used as a switching circuit; and to determine the target excitation current based on the direct-axis current, the quadrature-axis current and the rotor mechanical angle.

15. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, This includes the controller as described in any one of claims 1-11, or the power system as described in any one of claims 12-14.

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