Device and method for hydraulic fluid impact imprinting surface texture
The hydraulic fluid impact stamping device and method solves the problems of low efficiency and high cost in metal surface texturing processing in the existing technology, realizes the rapid, precise and large-area preparation of nano- to millimeter-scale textures, and improves processing efficiency and stability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202210656213.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-06-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-06-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies make it difficult to efficiently, accurately, and large-area prepare nanoscale to millimeter-scale textures on metal surfaces, and there are problems such as low processing efficiency, high cost, and poor environmental protection.
A hydraulic fluid impact stamping device and method is adopted, which utilizes a piston and cylinder structure, controls the piston movement through a hydraulic pump station, and combines high-speed camera observation to achieve texture processing on the surface of the metal sheet. The texture depth is regulated by controlling the fluid pressure in the loading chamber and the number of impacts.
It achieves fast, precise, large-area processing of nanometer to millimeter-scale textures on the surface of metal sheets, improves processing efficiency and stability, and the template can be used multiple times, reducing costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN115121708B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical field:
[0001] The invention relates to a device and method for hydraulic fluid impact imprinting surface texture, belonging to the technical field of thin plate impact forming. Background technology:
[0002] Texturing metal surfaces is a form of precision machining, with texture sizes generally considered to range from nanometers to millimeters. Surface texturing of thin plate components has a wide range of applications, including in new energy battery plates, microactuator surfaces in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), microfunctional devices, medical bionic surfaces, textured friction pairs for wear reduction, and microsensors.
[0003] At present, the main methods for preparing surface texture of parts include mechanical micro-cutting, electro-etching, photo-etching, EDM, laser impact embossing, laser ablation and other methods. Mechanical micro-cutting surface texture is to use micro-tools to process microstructures of different sizes and shapes on the surface of parts, but this method has high requirements on tools, low processing efficiency, and is not easy to prepare textures on a large scale and in large quantities; the electro-etching method is to use electrode templates and electrolytes to prepare textures on the surface of parts, but the electrolysis efficiency is low and electrolytic waste liquid is generated; the photo-etching method uses photoresist and corrosive liquid to prepare nano-scale and micron-scale micro-textures on the surface of parts, but the process is complicated and it is not easy to prepare textures on a large scale and in large quantities; EDM is widely used in mold processing and can prepare micro-textures of different shapes and sizes. However, the discharge process of EDM is slow, and the size of the structural features processed cannot be too small, and can only reach the sub-millimeter level. Laser shock embossing uses the explosive shock wave generated by a pulsed laser to produce nano- to millimeter-scale textures on the metal surface. It has high processing precision, but it is difficult to process deeper textures on metal surfaces with higher hardness. Laser ablation uses the thermal energy of a laser beam to ablate the material surface to form smaller micro-textures. After laser ablation, the texture size depends on the laser spot size and the ablation process. A certain amount of slag will remain on the texture surface. This processing method is not suitable for the preparation of high-precision and large-area textures. With the application and promotion of surface texturing, how to efficiently, accurately, environmentally friendly, and low-costly prepare large-area textures on the surface of parts has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention:
[0004] Purpose of the invention: In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, a device and method for hydraulic fluid impact embossing surface texture are proposed, which can quickly and accurately process surface texture on the surface of metal thin plates, thereby improving processing efficiency and quality.
[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides a device for hydraulic fluid impact imprinting surface textures, comprising a flow imprinting device and an oil control system. The flow imprinting device comprises a sample base with an upper opening, a boss for mounting a template in the middle of the sample base, a sample and a mask for isolating oil sequentially arranged on the template, a cylinder connected to the inner side of the upper opening of the sample base via an internal thread, and the outer side of the lower end of the cylinder threadedly connected to the sample base via an external thread, after the cylinder and the sample base are threaded, the bottom end of the cylinder is pressed against the upper surface of the mask on the sample; a stepped through hole with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion is provided in the cylinder, a matching piston is provided in the stepped through hole, an end cover is provided on the top of the cylinder, and a displacement sensor connected to the piston is provided on the end cover;
[0006] The cylinder is located above the base and has a wedge-shaped hole for observing the sample imprinting effect. High-strength glass is installed in the wedge-shaped hole, and a high-speed camera for recording is installed on the high-strength glass.
[0007] The piston includes a thin piston that matches the small hole portion of the stepped through hole, and a piston cap that matches the large hole portion of the stepped through hole. The piston divides the stepped through hole in the cylinder into a loading chamber, a middle chamber, and an upper chamber. The loading chamber is the space from the bottom of the stepped through hole to the bottom end face of the thin piston rod, the middle chamber is the space from the bottom of the piston cap to the shoulder of the stepped through hole, and the upper chamber is the space from the top of the piston cap to the bottom of the end cover.
[0008] An oil outlet is provided near the top side wall of the upper chamber of the piston, an oil inlet is provided on the bottom side wall of the loading chamber of the cylinder, and an oil port is provided at the shoulder of the stepped through hole in the middle chamber of the cylinder to prevent liquid from being trapped in the middle of the cylinder. An upper chamber pressure sensor is provided on the oil outlet at the top of the cylinder, and a loading chamber pressure sensor is provided on the oil inlet at the top of the cylinder.
[0009] The oil control system includes an electromagnetic reversing valve, the oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the oil outlet pipeline at the top of the cylinder, the oil outlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the oil inlet pipeline at the bottom of the cylinder through a reversely arranged one-way valve, a proportional relief valve B connected to the oil tank is connected between the oil inlet at the bottom of the cylinder and the one-way valve, the oil return port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the oil tank, and the pressure oil port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the oil tank through a hydraulic pump station and a proportional relief valve A respectively; the displacement sensor, the electromagnetic reversing valve, and the proportional relief valve A are connected to a computer through a controller, and a high-speed camera is directly connected to the computer.
[0010] Furthermore, the high-speed camera observes the deformation process of the sample when the oil is punched on the template through the high-strength glass. The greater the strain rate of the sample during the impact, the more it can improve the performance of the material after deformation.
[0011] Furthermore, the piston and the cylinder are clearance-fitted, and there is a tiny gap, which facilitates the rapid downward movement of the piston when the upper chamber is under high pressure to increase the piston response. The movement of the piston is simply driven by the pressure fluid in the upper chamber. The pressures of the upper and lower chambers of the piston are measured by the upper chamber pressure sensor and the loading chamber pressure sensor, and the piston movement speed is measured by the displacement sensor.
[0012] Furthermore, the mask is made of transparent rubber material, which has the function of preventing leakage of fluid in the loading chamber. At the same time, since the mask is transparent, it does not affect the observation of the sample deformation process by the high-speed camera.
[0013] Furthermore, the sample is a metal foil with good ductility, including brass, copper, aluminum, stainless steel, titanium and carbon steel. The texture shape on the template is imprinted onto the surface of the sample, and the deformation depth h of the surface texture of the sample can be controlled by the impact pressure and number of impacts of the loading chamber fluid.
[0014] Furthermore, the ratio of the piston cap diameter to the thin piston rod diameter is 2:1, so that the pressure ratio of the upper and lower chambers of the piston under the pressure of the hydraulic pump station is 1:4; the sample is smaller than the loading chamber diameter.
[0015] A hydraulic fluid impact embossing surface texturing method, the steps of which are as follows:
[0016] Select a template according to the pattern to be printed, place the template on the sample base, and place metal foil and mask on the template in sequence. Then connect the cylinder to the sample base through threads, and seal the bottom of the cylinder with the mask to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil.
[0017] The loading chamber is filled with oil, and then oil is injected into the loading chamber. The loading chamber is then pressurized to push the piston downward to squeeze the loading chamber fluid, generating high pressure. The loading chamber fluid squeezes the metal foil above the template, causing deformation on the metal foil surface, thereby achieving plasticity on the metal foil surface and transferring the texture of the template surface to the metal foil surface to form a sample; the depth of the microstructure imprinted on the sample surface is controlled by the number of piston impacts and the impact pressure, and a high-speed camera is used to dynamically observe the deformation rate of the sample surface during the impact process.
[0018] The specific steps are:
[0019] a. First, apply a layer of grease on the surface of the template, sample, and mask, and then install them on the sample base in sequence. The sample base is connected to the cylinder through threads, and the sample base and the cylinder tightly squeeze the template, sample, and mask together;
[0020] b. Connect the cylinder and the sample base, turn on the high-speed camera and adjust its focus to observe the sample and mask surface, turn on the computer, and display the image observed by the high-speed camera on the computer;
[0021] c. Turn on the hydraulic pump station and adjust the relief pressure of the proportional relief valve A to set the fluid pressure in the loading chamber for impact imprinting. The controller controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to allow the pressure fluid output by the hydraulic pump station to enter the upper chamber of the piston. The piston moves downward rapidly under the hydraulic pressure, and the pressure of the loading chamber fluid in the loading chamber increases rapidly, impacting the sample, causing it to deform and produce surface texture.
[0022] d. During operation, the controller collects the signals measured by the displacement sensor, upper chamber pressure sensor, and loading chamber pressure sensor and displays them on the computer;
[0023] e. The controller controls the hydraulic pump station to output pressure fluid into the loading chamber of the piston by controlling the electromagnetic reversing valve. The piston moves upward and the pressure of the fluid in the loading chamber is unloaded.
[0024] f. Repeat steps c, d, and e to apply different impact times to the sample, adjust the proportional relief valve A to set the loading chamber fluid pressure for each impact, and control the depth of the surface texture by adjusting the pressure and impact times of the sample;
[0025] g. After the impact imprinting of the sample is completed, the hydraulic pump station and the high-speed camera are turned off, the sample, mask, and template are removed and cleaned in alcohol to complete the fluid impact imprinting of the sample surface texture.
[0026] Furthermore, the electromagnetic reversing valve has three position states, which are used to control the pressure switching between the loading chamber and the upper chamber of the piston. When the electromagnetic reversing valve works in the left position, the high-pressure oil of the hydraulic pump station enters the upper chamber of the piston, and the pressure of the hydraulic pump station outlet is set by the proportional relief valve A, that is, the pressure of the upper chamber of the piston is set. At this time, the pressure of the piston loading chamber is higher, and the one-way valve prevents the pressure fluid in the loading chamber from impacting the electromagnetic reversing valve during impact stamping; when the electromagnetic reversing valve works in the middle position, the electromagnetic reversing valve does not work, and there is no pressure in the upper and lower chambers of the piston; when the electromagnetic reversing valve works in the right position, the high-pressure oil of the hydraulic pump station opens the one-way valve and enters the loading chamber of the piston to push it upward, and the fluid in the upper chamber of the piston flows back to the oil tank through the electromagnetic reversing valve.
[0027] Furthermore, the pressure in the upper chamber of the piston is set by adjusting the proportional relief valve A, and overflow is generated when the pressure is too high, which plays a protective role for the hydraulic system; the loading chamber pressure is set by using the proportional relief valve B when loading impact stamping. When the loading chamber pressure needs to be doubled, the overflow pressure of the proportional relief valve B can be set to exceed the impact pressure; at the same time, when the loading chamber pressure is too high, overflow will occur to produce a protective effect; the one-way valve is used to prevent the pressure fluid in the loading chamber from impacting the electromagnetic reversing valve during impact stamping.
[0028] Beneficial effects: This device can realize rapid processing of texture on the surface of metal thin plates. It has a simple structure and is convenient and fast. By controlling the fluid pressure in the loading chamber and the number of impacts, the deformation depth of the texture on the surface of the metal thin plates can be controlled. It can realize the processing of nano-level ultra-fine patterns on the surfaces of different metal thin plates. The processed textures are of different sizes and shapes. The template can be replaced with different patterns and reused many times. The texture size range on the template is large, which improves the efficiency and stability of texture processing. Description of the drawings:
[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the device for hydraulic fluid impact embossing surface texture according to the present invention;
[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of placing a metal foil on a template to form a sample surface texture in the present invention;
[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the micron-scale texture formation on the surface of the sample of the present invention.
[0032] In the figure: 1-sample base, 2-high-speed camera, 3-high-strength glass, 4-cylinder, 5-piston, 6-end cover, 7-displacement sensor, 8-upper chamber pressure sensor, 9-electromagnetic reversing valve, 10-proportional relief valve A, 11-hydraulic pump station, 12-controller, 13-computer, 14-proportional relief valve B, 15-check valve, 16-loading chamber pressure sensor, 17-loading chamber fluid, 18-mask, 19-sample, 20-template. Specific implementation method:
[0033] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0034] like Figure 1As shown, a device for hydraulic fluid impact imprinting surface texture includes a sample base 1, on which a template 20, a sample 19, a mask 18, and a cylinder 4 are installed in sequence. The sample base 1 and the cylinder 4 are connected to form a whole through threads, and at the same time, the template 20, sample 19, and mask 18 are pressed between the cylinder 4 and the sample base 1. Grease is coated on the surfaces of the template 20, sample 19, and mask 18 to prevent excessive interface friction. High-strength glass 3 is installed in the wedge-shaped hole of the cylinder 4, and a piston 5 is installed in the cylinder 4. The volume formed by the lower end of the piston 5 and the cylinder 4 is a loading chamber. A displacement sensor 7 is installed at the bottom of the piston 5, and an end cover 6 is installed at the top of the cylinder 4. The oil ports at the top and bottom of the cylinder 4 are connected to the hydraulic pipe. An oil port is processed in the middle of the cylinder 4 to prevent liquid from being trapped in the middle of the cylinder 4. The inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve 9 is connected to the outlet of the hydraulic pump station 11, and the outlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve 9 is connected to the outlet of the hydraulic pump station 11. The port is connected to the oil port at the top of the cylinder 4 and the one-way valve 15, and the other end of the one-way valve 15 is connected to the oil port at the bottom of the cylinder 4. The top oil port and the bottom oil port of the cylinder 4 are respectively connected to the upper chamber pressure sensor 8 and the loading chamber pressure sensor 16. The proportional relief valve A10 is set at the outlet of the hydraulic pump station 11 and is used to set the working pressure of the hydraulic system. The proportional relief valve B14 is set at the oil port at the bottom of the cylinder 4 and is used to set the impact forming pressure of the sample 19. The electromagnets on both sides of the electromagnetic reversing valve 9, the proportional relief valve A10, the proportional relief valve B14, the displacement sensor 7, the upper chamber pressure sensor 8, and the loading chamber pressure sensor 16 are all connected to the controller 12. The high-speed camera 2 is set on the side of the cylinder 4 and observes the impact deformation process of the sample 19 through the high-strength glass (3). At the same time, the high-speed camera 2 is connected to the computer 13 and displays the collected image on the computer 13.
[0035] Furthermore, the ratio of the large end diameter and the small end diameter of the piston 5 is 2:1, so that the pressure ratio of the upper and lower chambers of the piston 5 is 1:4 under the pressure of the hydraulic pump station, which plays a pressurizing role in the loading chamber during operation, and forms a greater loading pressure on the surface of the sample 19 during the fluid impact imprinting process.
[0036] The sample 19 can be a metal sheet made of brass, copper, aluminum, stainless steel, titanium or carbon steel.
[0037] The texture shape of the surface of the template 20 can be circular holes, square holes and strip grooves, where the texture size d1 represents the diameter of the circular hole texture, the side length of the square hole texture, and the width of the strip groove when the texture is imprinted at the millimeter level; d2 represents the diameter of the circular hole texture, the side length of the square hole texture, and the width of the strip groove when the texture is imprinted at the micron level.
[0038] like Figure 2As shown, when millimeter-level texture imprinting is performed on the surface of sample 19, the ratio of the original thickness of sample 19 to the texture size d1 on template 20 is less than 0.2, and the original thickness of sample 19 is less than 0.5 mm; the deformation depth h of sample 19 can be controlled by the pressure of the loading chamber fluid 17 and the number of impacts; further, during the millimeter-level texture imprinting, the texture size d1 on the template 20 is greater than 1 mm and smaller than the loading chamber diameter D1.
[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, when micron-level texture imprinting is performed on the surface of sample 19, the ratio of the original thickness of sample 19 to the texture size d2 on template 20 is less than 0.5, and the original thickness of sample 19 is less than 100 μm. By controlling the pressure and impact number of the loading chamber fluid 17, surface textures of different depths h1 can be processed on the surface of sample 19; further, during the micron-level texture imprinting, the texture size d2 on template 20 is greater than 30 μm and less than 1 mm.
[0040] A method for surface texturing by hydraulic fluid impact embossing, wherein the working process comprises the following steps:
[0041] a) First, a layer of grease is applied to the surfaces of the template 20, sample 19, and mask 18. These are then sequentially mounted on the sample base 1. The sample base 1 is connected to the cylinder 4 via threads. The sample base 1 and the cylinder 4 tightly squeeze the template 20, sample 19, and mask 18 together.
[0042] b) turning on the high-speed camera 2 and adjusting its focus to observe the surface of the sample 19 and the mask 18, turning on the computer 13, and displaying the image observed by the high-speed camera 2 on the computer 13;
[0043] c) Turn on the hydraulic pump station 11 and adjust the relief pressure of the proportional relief valve A10 and the relief pressure of the proportional relief valve A14 to set the fluid pressure in the loading chamber for impact stamping. The controller 12 energizes the left electromagnet of the electromagnetic reversing valve 9, which turns the electromagnetic reversing valve 9 to the left. The pressurized fluid output by the hydraulic pump station 11 enters the upper chamber of the piston 5. The piston 5 moves downward rapidly due to the hydraulic pressure. The pressure of the fluid in the loading chamber 15 increases rapidly and impacts the sample 19, causing it to deform and produce surface texture.
[0044] d) During operation, the controller 12 collects signals measured by the displacement sensor 7, the upper chamber pressure sensor 8, and the loading chamber pressure sensor 16 and displays them on the computer 13;
[0045] e) The controller 12 controls the right electromagnet of the electromagnetic reversing valve 9 to be energized, the electromagnetic reversing valve 9 is in the right position, the hydraulic pump station 11 outputs the pressurized fluid into the loading chamber of the piston 5, the piston 5 moves upward, and the pressure of the fluid 17 in the loading chamber is unloaded;
[0046] f) Repeating steps c), d), and e) to achieve different impact times on sample 19, adjusting proportional relief valve A14 to set the loading chamber fluid pressure for each impact embossing, and adjusting the pressure and impact times of the impact embossing on sample 19 to control the depth of the surface texture;
[0047] g) After the impact is completed, the hydraulic pump station 11 and the high-speed camera 2 are turned off, and the sample 19, the mask 18, and the template 20 are removed and cleaned in alcohol, thereby completing the fluid impact imprint of the surface texture of the sample 19.
Claims
1. A device for hydraulic fluid impact embossing surface texture, characterized by: The invention comprises a flow imprinting device and an oil control system, wherein the flow imprinting device comprises a sample base (1) with an upper opening, a boss for mounting a template (20) is provided in the middle of the sample base (1), a sample (19) and a mask (19) for isolating oil are sequentially provided on the template (20), a cylinder (4) is connected to the inner side of the upper opening of the sample base (1) through an internal thread, the outer side of the lower end of the cylinder (4) is threadedly connected to the sample base (1) through an external thread, and after the cylinder (4) and the sample base (1) are threaded, the bottom end of the cylinder (4) is pressed against the upper surface of the mask (18) on the sample (19); a stepped through hole with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion is provided in the cylinder (4), a matching piston (5) is provided in the stepped through hole, an end cover (6) is provided on the top of the cylinder (4), and a displacement sensor (7) connected to the piston (5) is provided on the end cover (6); The cylinder (4) is located above the base (1) and has a wedge-shaped hole for observing the imprinting effect of the sample (19). High-strength glass (3) is provided in the wedge-shaped hole, and a high-speed camera (2) for recording is provided on the high-strength glass (3); The piston (5) includes a thin piston that matches the small hole portion of the stepped through hole, and a piston cap that matches the large hole portion of the stepped through hole. The piston (5) divides the stepped through hole in the cylinder barrel (4) into a loading chamber, a middle chamber, and an upper chamber, wherein the loading chamber is the space from the bottom of the stepped through hole to the bottom end face of the thin piston rod, the middle chamber is the space between the bottom of the piston cap and the shoulder of the stepped through hole, and the upper chamber is the space from the top of the piston cap to the bottom of the end cover (6); The upper cavity of the piston (5) is provided with an oil outlet near the top side wall, the bottom side wall of the loading cavity of the cylinder (4) is provided with an oil inlet, the middle cavity of the cylinder (4) is provided with an oil port at the shoulder of the stepped through hole to prevent liquid from being trapped in the middle of the cylinder (4), the upper cavity pressure sensor (8) is provided on the top oil outlet of the cylinder (4), and the loading cavity pressure sensor (16) is provided on the top oil inlet of the cylinder (4). The oil control system includes an electromagnetic reversing valve (9), the oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve (9) is connected to the oil outlet pipeline at the top of the cylinder (4), the oil outlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve (9) is connected to the oil inlet pipeline at the bottom of the cylinder (4) through a one-way valve (15) set in reverse, a proportional relief valve B (14) connected to the oil tank is connected between the oil inlet at the bottom of the cylinder (4) and the one-way valve (15), the oil return port of the electromagnetic reversing valve (9) is connected to the oil tank, and the pressure oil port of the electromagnetic reversing valve (9) is connected to the oil tank through a hydraulic pump station (11) and a proportional relief valve A (10) respectively; the displacement sensor (7), the electromagnetic reversing valve (9), and the proportional relief valve A (10) are connected to a computer (13) through a controller (12), and the high-speed camera (2) is directly connected to the computer (13); A template (20) is selected according to the pattern to be printed, the template (20) is placed on the sample base, and a metal foil and a mask (18) are successively arranged on the template (20), and then the cylinder (4) is connected to the sample base (1) through a thread, and the bottom of the cylinder (4) is sealed with the mask (18) to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil; The loading chamber is filled with a loading chamber fluid (15), and then pressurized to push the piston (5) downward to squeeze the loading chamber fluid (17) to generate high pressure. The loading chamber fluid (17) squeezes the metal foil above the template (20), causing deformation on the surface of the metal foil, thereby achieving plasticity on the surface of the metal foil, and transferring the texture of the surface of the template (20) to the surface of the metal foil to form a sample (19); the depth of the microstructure imprinted on the surface of the sample (19) is controlled by the number of impacts and the impact pressure of the piston (5), and a high-speed camera (2) is used to dynamically observe the deformation rate of the surface of the sample (19) during the impact process.
2. The device for hydraulic fluid impact embossing surface texture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-speed camera (2) observes the deformation process of the oil punching the sample (19) on the template (20) through the high-strength glass (3). The greater the material strain rate of the sample (19) during the impact process, the more the performance of the material after deformation can be improved.
3. The device for hydraulic fluid impact embossing surface texture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston (5) and the cylinder (4) are clearance-matched, with a small gap existing therebetween, so that the piston can be quickly moved downward when the upper chamber is under high pressure, thereby increasing the response of the piston (5). The movement of the piston (5) is simply driven by the pressure fluid in the upper chamber. The pressures of the upper and lower chambers of the piston (5) are measured by the upper chamber pressure sensor (8) and the loading chamber pressure sensor (16), and the movement speed of the piston (5) is measured by the displacement sensor (7).
4. The device for hydraulic fluid impact embossing surface texture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mask (18) is made of a transparent rubber material and has the function of preventing leakage of the loading chamber fluid. At the same time, since the mask (18) is transparent, it does not affect the high-speed camera (2) observing the deformation process of the sample (19).
5. The device for hydraulic fluid impact embossing surface texture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample (19) is a metal foil with good ductility, including brass, copper, aluminum, stainless steel, titanium and carbon steel. The texture shape on the template (20) is stamped onto the surface of the sample (19). The deformation depth of the surface texture of the sample (19) is h The impact pressure and impact times of the fluid in the loading chamber can be controlled.
6. The device for hydraulic fluid impact embossing surface texture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the piston cap diameter to the thin piston rod diameter of the piston (5) is 2:1, so that the pressure ratio of the upper and lower chambers of the piston (5) under the pressure of the hydraulic pump station is 1:4; the sample (19) is smaller than the loading chamber diameter.
7. The device for hydraulic fluid impact embossing surface texture according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific steps are: a. First, a layer of grease is applied to the surface of the template (20), the sample (19), and the mask (18), and then they are sequentially installed on the sample base (1). The sample base (1) is connected to the cylinder (4) through a thread. The sample base (1) and the cylinder (4) tightly squeeze the template (20), the sample (19), and the mask (18) together; b. Connect the cylinder (4) and the sample base (1), turn on the high-speed camera (2) and adjust its focus to observe the surface of the sample (19) and the mask (18), turn on the computer (13), and display the image observed by the high-speed camera (2) on the computer (13); c. Turn on the hydraulic pump station (11), adjust the overflow pressure of the proportional overflow valve A (10), adjust the overflow pressure of the proportional overflow valve A (14) to set the loading chamber fluid pressure for impact stamping, and the controller (12) controls the electromagnetic reversing valve (9) to allow the pressure fluid output by the hydraulic pump station (11) to enter the upper chamber of the piston (5). The piston (5) moves downward rapidly under the liquid pressure, and the pressure of the loading chamber fluid (17) in the loading chamber increases rapidly and impacts the sample (19), causing it to deform and produce surface texture; d. During operation, the controller (12) collects signals measured by the displacement sensor (7), the upper chamber pressure sensor (8), and the loading chamber pressure sensor (16) and displays them on the computer (13); e. The controller (12) controls the hydraulic pump station (11) to output pressure fluid into the loading chamber of the piston (5) by controlling the electromagnetic reversing valve (9), so that the piston (5) moves upward and the pressure of the fluid (17) in the loading chamber is unloaded; f. Repeat steps c, d, and e to perform different impact times on the sample (19), adjust the proportional relief valve A (14) to set the loading chamber fluid pressure for each impact embossing, and adjust the pressure and impact times of the impact embossing on the sample (19) to control the forming depth of the surface texture; g. After the impact imprinting of the sample (19) is completed, the hydraulic pump station (11) and the high-speed camera (2) are turned off, and the sample (19), the mask (18), and the template (20) are removed and cleaned in alcohol to complete the fluid impact imprinting of the surface texture of the sample (19).
8. The device for hydraulic fluid impact embossing surface texture according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electromagnetic reversing valve (9) has three position states, which are used to control the pressure switching between the loading chamber and the upper chamber of the piston (5). When the electromagnetic reversing valve (9) works in the left position, the high-pressure oil of the hydraulic pump station (11) enters the upper chamber of the piston (5). The pressure of the outlet of the hydraulic pump station (11) is set by the proportional relief valve A (10), that is, the pressure of the upper chamber of the piston (5) is set. At this time, the pressure of the loading chamber of the piston (5) is relatively high. The one-way valve (15) prevents the pressure fluid of the loading chamber from impacting the electromagnetic reversing valve (9) during the impact stamping. When the electromagnetic reversing valve (9) works in the middle position, the electromagnetic reversing valve (9) does not work, and there is no pressure in the upper and lower chambers of the piston (5). When the electromagnetic reversing valve (9) works in the right position, the high-pressure oil of the hydraulic pump station (11) opens the one-way valve (15) and enters the loading chamber of the piston (5) to push it upward. The fluid in the upper chamber of the piston (5) flows back to the oil tank through the electromagnetic reversing valve (9).
9. The device for hydraulic fluid impact embossing surface texture according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressure of the upper chamber of the piston (5) is set by adjusting the proportional relief valve A (10), and overflow is generated when the pressure is too high, thereby protecting the hydraulic system. The pressure of the loading chamber is set by using the proportional relief valve B (14) when loading the impact stamping. When the pressure of the loading chamber needs to be 4 times the pressure, the overflow pressure of the proportional relief valve B (14) can be set to exceed the impact pressure. At the same time, overflow is generated when the pressure of the loading chamber is too high, thereby providing a protective effect. The one-way valve (15) is used to prevent the pressure fluid of the loading chamber from impacting the electromagnetic reversing valve (9) during the impact stamping.