A nuclear energy heat and steam supply coupling system

Abstract

The application discloses a nuclear energy heating and steam supply coupling system, which comprises the following steps: the steam outlet of a steam generator is connected with the steam inlet of a high-pressure cylinder through a main steam pipe; the first steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the steam inlet of a low-pressure cylinder through a high-low-pressure cylinder steam communication pipe; the steam inlet of a first steam-water heat exchanger is connected with a second medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline; the steam outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected with the steam inlet of a steam heater through a low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline; a heat network return water main pipe is connected with a heat network circulating pump; the heating steam main pipe of the steam heater is connected with a high-temperature steam extraction pipeline and a first medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline respectively; and the water inlet of a second steam-water heat exchanger is connected with the heat network return water main pipe. The application sets multiple heat exchangers in the heating supply circuit and the external industrial steam supply circuit, thereby improving the superheat degree of the external industrial steam supply, greatly increasing the delivery distance of the external industrial steam supply and reducing the condensate loss of the industrial steam in the delivery process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear energy technology, and in particular to a nuclear energy heating and steam supply coupling system. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to clean energy sources such as photovoltaic, wind, and hydropower, nuclear power has advantages such as being uninterrupted and less constrained by natural conditions, making it a clean energy source that can replace fossil fuels on a large scale. Pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power plants use light water as both coolant and moderator. They mainly consist of a nuclear steam supply system (primary loop), a turbine generator system (secondary loop), and other auxiliary systems. After absorbing the heat released from nuclear fuel fission in the reactor core, the coolant transfers this heat to the secondary loop via a steam generator to produce saturated steam. This steam then enters the turbine to drive the generator. The exhaust steam from the turbine enters the condenser, condenses into condensate, and then passes through heat exchange equipment such as the low-pressure heater and deaerator before returning to the steam generator to absorb heat from the primary loop and produce new steam, completing the steam-water cycle of the secondary loop system.

[0003] Promoting the application of green and low-carbon energy in urban centralized heating systems is an important measure to solve air pollution problems. Meanwhile, with the continuous increase in industrial parks across the country, the demand for high-temperature, high-pressure steam from industrial enterprises is also constantly increasing.

[0004] With the development of nuclear reactor safety technology, nuclear energy, as a clean and efficient energy source, has unique advantages and huge application potential in centralized heating and industrial steam supply. However, the main type of nuclear power plant is currently pressurized water reactor, which generally produces medium- and high-temperature saturated steam. Moreover, the distance between nuclear power plants and heat users is generally far, and the condensate loss of saturated steam increases during long-distance transportation, which greatly limits the commercial promotion of nuclear power plants in supplying industrial steam. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a nuclear energy heating and steam supply coupling system that improves the superheat of external industrial steam supply, increases the transportation distance of external industrial steam, and reduces condensate loss of industrial steam during transportation.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a nuclear heating and steam supply coupling system is provided, comprising:

[0007] Steam generator, high-pressure cylinder, low-pressure cylinder, first steam-water heat exchanger, steam heater, heat network circulation pump, and second steam-water heat exchanger;

[0008] The steam generator's outlet is connected to the high-pressure cylinder's inlet via the main steam pipe, and the high-pressure cylinder's first outlet is connected to the low-pressure cylinder's inlet via the high-low-pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe.

[0009] The steam inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline, which is connected to the high-low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe. The steam outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the steam inlet of the steam heater via a low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline. The water inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the heat network return water header via the first steam-water heat exchanger water inlet pipe. The heat network return water header is connected to the heat network circulation pump, which is used to introduce heat network return water into the heat network return water header. The water outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the heat network return water header via the first steam-water heat exchanger water outlet pipe.

[0010] The heating steam header of the steam heater is connected to the high-temperature steam extraction pipeline and the first medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline, respectively. The first medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline is connected to the high and low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe, and the high-temperature steam extraction pipeline is connected to the main steam pipe. The steam supply port of the steam heater is connected to the external superheated steam pipeline.

[0011] The inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the return water header of the heating network. The steam inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline through the heating network water heating steam pipeline. The outlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the heating network water supply header.

[0012] The first steam-water heat exchanger is used to cool the medium-temperature saturated steam drawn from the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline by the return water from the heat network return water header, converting the medium-temperature saturated steam into low-temperature saturated steam, and then inputting the low-temperature saturated steam into the steam heater through the low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline.

[0013] The steam heater is used to heat low-temperature saturated steam with high-temperature saturated steam, converting the low-temperature saturated steam into superheated steam, and then supplying the superheated steam to steam users through an external superheated steam pipeline; wherein, the high-temperature saturated steam used to heat the low-temperature saturated steam in the steam heater is a mixture of high-temperature and high-pressure saturated steam drawn from the high-temperature steam extraction pipeline and medium-temperature and medium-pressure saturated steam drawn from the high-low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe.

[0014] The second steam-water heat exchanger is used to receive the heat network return water after it has been heated in the first steam-water heat exchanger, and to heat the heat network return water by introducing medium-temperature saturated steam through the heat network water heating steam pipeline, and then lead the heated heat network water to the heating users through the heat network water supply main pipe.

[0015] Optionally, the nuclear heating and steam supply coupling system may also include:

[0016] Condensate treatment equipment and heating condensate pumps;

[0017] The first condensate pipeline of the first steam-water heat exchanger and the second condensate pipeline of the second steam-water heat exchanger are both connected to the inlet of the heating condensate pump, and the outlet of the heating condensate pump is connected to the inlet of the condensate treatment device.

[0018] The heating condensate pump is used to pump the condensate discharged from the first steam-water heat exchanger and the second steam-water heat exchanger into the condensate treatment device.

[0019] The outlet of the condensate treatment unit is connected to the inlet of the steam generator. The condensate treatment unit is used to deoxygenate and heat the condensate before introducing it into the steam generator.

[0020] Optionally, the condensate treatment unit includes a condenser, a condensate pump, a low-pressure heater, a deaerator, a feedwater pump, and a high-pressure heater.

[0021] The first inlet of the deaerator is connected to the outlet of the heating condensate pump and the first outlet of the low-pressure heater; the second inlet is connected to the second steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder; the third inlet is connected to the second outlet of the low-pressure heater; and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the feed water pump.

[0022] The outlet of the water pump is connected to the first inlet of the high-pressure heater;

[0023] The second inlet of the high-pressure heater is connected to the third steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder, the first outlet is connected to the inlet of the steam generator, and the second outlet is connected to the fourth inlet of the deaerator.

[0024] The first steam outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is connected to the first inlet of the low-pressure heater, and the second steam outlet is connected to the inlet of the condenser.

[0025] The condenser outlet is connected to the condensate pump inlet, and the condensate pump inlet is connected to the second inlet of the low-pressure heater.

[0026] Optionally, the exhaust pipe of the steam heater is connected to the steam pipeline of the heating network.

[0027] Alternatively, the steam heater's exhaust pipe is connected to the deaerator, and the steam discharged from the steam heater is used to heat the condensate entering the deaerator.

[0028] Optionally, the inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the condensate pump;

[0029] The outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure heater, or the outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the fifth inlet of the deaerator.

[0030] Optionally, the steam inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline via a medium-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline;

[0031] A first regulating valve V is installed on the high-temperature steam extraction pipeline, a second regulating valve is installed on the first medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline, a third regulating valve is installed on the medium-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline, a fourth regulating valve is installed on the heating network water heating steam pipeline, a fifth regulating valve is installed on the inlet pipe of the first steam-water heat exchanger, and a sixth regulating valve is installed on the heating network return water header.

[0032] The system also includes a controller, which is used to adjust the opening degree of each regulating valve.

[0033] Optionally, a first pressure sensor and a first temperature sensor are installed on the medium-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline;

[0034] A second pressure sensor and a second temperature sensor are installed on the low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline.

[0035] A third pressure sensor, a third temperature sensor, and a first flow sensor are installed on the external superheated steam supply pipeline;

[0036] The controller is also used to adjust the opening degree of at least one of the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve, the third regulating valve, and the fifth regulating valve based on the detection values ​​of the first pressure sensor, the first temperature sensor, the second pressure sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third pressure sensor, the third temperature sensor, and the first flow sensor.

[0037] The main water supply pipe of the heating network is equipped with a fourth pressure sensor, a fourth temperature sensor, and a second flow sensor.

[0038] The return water header of the heating network is equipped with a fifth pressure sensor, a fifth temperature sensor, and a third flow sensor.

[0039] The controller is also used to adjust the opening of at least one of the fourth and sixth regulating valves based on the detection values ​​of the fourth pressure sensor, the fourth temperature sensor, the second flow sensor, the fifth pressure sensor, the fifth temperature sensor, and the third flow sensor.

[0040] Optionally, the controller is also used to adjust the opening degree of at least one of the first regulating valve and the fifth regulating valve according to the user-side steam temperature measurement value, the user-side heat consumption temperature target value, and the user-side steam pressure.

[0041] Optionally, radiation monitoring instruments are installed on the external superheated steam pipeline, the return water header of the heating network, and the supply water header of the heating network.

[0042] A first shut-off valve is installed on the return water header of the heating network, and a second shut-off valve is installed on the supply water header of the heating network.

[0043] Radiation monitoring instruments are used to monitor the radiation dose level of the medium inside the pipe in real time;

[0044] The controller is used to close the third regulating valve when the radiation dose level of the external superheated steam pipeline is greater than a preset value, close the first shut-off valve when the radiation dose level of the return water header of the heating network is greater than a preset value, and close the second shut-off valve when the radiation dose level of the supply water header of the heating network is greater than a preset value.

[0045] Optionally, a heat network return water treatment device is installed on the water inlet side of the heat network circulation pump. The heat network return water treatment device is used to remove dirt, filter, purify and deoxygenate the heat network return water.

[0046] A constant pressure water supply device is installed on the return water header of the heating network;

[0047] The first steam-water heat exchanger, the steam heater, and the second steam-water heat exchanger are of the following structural types: shell and tube type, plate type, spiral plate type, tube-and-shell type, or heat pipe type.

[0048] In this embodiment, the steam generated by the steam generator enters the high-pressure cylinder through the main steam pipe. The steam flowing out of the high-pressure cylinder enters the low-pressure cylinder through the high-low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe. The steam in the high-low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe also enters the first steam-water heat exchanger through the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipe. The first steam-water heat exchanger can use part of the heat network return water from the heat network return water header to cool the medium-temperature saturated steam in the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipe into low-temperature saturated steam. This low-temperature saturated steam then flows into the steam heater through the low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline. After being heated by the high-temperature saturated steam, it becomes superheated steam and is supplied to steam users through the external superheated steam supply pipeline. Under the action of the heating network circulation pump, a portion of the heating network return water is connected to the first steam-water heat exchanger via its inlet pipe. The heated return water, after being heated in the first steam-water heat exchanger, flows into the heating network return water header via its outlet pipe and then into the second steam-water heat exchanger. There, it is further heated by medium-temperature saturated steam introduced through the heating network water heating steam pipeline. Finally, the heated heating network water is delivered to the heating users via the heating network supply water header. This embodiment of the invention, by setting up multi-stage heat exchangers, first condenses and dehumidifies the originally directly supplied medium-temperature saturated steam before heating it, greatly improving the superheat of the industrial steam supply. This significantly increases the transmission distance of the industrial steam and reduces condensate loss during transmission. The heat recovered during the condensation of the medium-temperature saturated steam is used to heat the heating network return water or condensate, without causing energy loss.

[0049] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a nuclear energy heating and steam supply coupling system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another nuclear energy heating and steam supply coupling system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure label:

[0054] 1-Steam generator; 2-High-pressure cylinder; 3-Low-pressure cylinder; 4-Generator; 5-Condenser; 6-Condensate pump; 7-Low-pressure heater; 8-Deaerator; 9-Feed water pump; 10-High-pressure heater; 11-First steam-water heat exchanger; 12-Steam heater; 13-Heating network circulation pump; 14-Second steam-water heat exchanger;

[0055] 15-Heating condensate pump; 16-Condensate treatment device. 101-Main steam pipe; 102-High temperature steam extraction pipe; 201-High and low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe; 202-First medium temperature steam extraction pipe; 203-Heating steam header; 204-Exhaust pipe; 301-Second medium temperature steam extraction pipe; 302-Medium temperature industrial saturated steam pipe; 303-Low temperature industrial saturated steam pipe; 304-External superheated steam supply pipe; 305-Heating network water heating steam pipe; 306-Second condensate pipe; 307-First condensate pipe; 501-Heating network return water header; 502-First steam-water heat exchanger inlet pipe; 503-First steam-water heat exchanger outlet pipe; 504-Heating network supply water header. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a nuclear heating and steam supply coupling system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 1 The nuclear energy heating and steam supply coupling system includes: a steam generator 1, a high-pressure cylinder 2, a low-pressure cylinder 3, a first steam-water heat exchanger 11, a steam heater 12, a heat network circulation pump 13, and a second steam-water heat exchanger 14; the steam outlet of the steam generator 1 is connected to the steam inlet of the high-pressure cylinder 2 through the main steam pipe 101, and the first steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 2 is connected to the steam inlet of the low-pressure cylinder 3 through the high-low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe 201.

[0059] The steam inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is connected to the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline 301, which is connected to the high and low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe 201. The steam outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is connected to the steam inlet of the steam heater 12 through the low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline 303. The water inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is connected to the heat network return water header 501 through the first steam-water heat exchanger inlet pipe 502. The heat network return water header 501 is connected to the heat network circulation pump 13, which is used to introduce heat network return water into the heat network return water header 501. The water outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is connected to the heat network return water header 501 through the first steam-water heat exchanger outlet pipe 503.

[0060] The heating steam header 203 of the steam heater 12 is connected to the high-temperature steam extraction pipeline 102 and the first medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline 202, respectively. The first medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline 202 is connected to the high and low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe 201, and the high-temperature steam extraction pipeline 102 is connected to the main steam pipe 101. The steam supply port of the steam heater 12 is connected to the external superheated steam pipeline 304. The inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 is connected to the heat network return water header 501. The steam inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 is connected to the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline 301 through the heat network water heating steam pipeline 305. The outlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 is connected to the heat network supply water header 504.

[0061] The first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is used to cool the medium-temperature saturated steam drawn from the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline 301 by the heat network return water drawn from the heat network return water header 501, converting the medium-temperature saturated steam into low-temperature saturated steam, and then inputting the low-temperature saturated steam into the steam heater 12 through the low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline 303.

[0062] The steam heater 12 is used to heat the low-temperature saturated steam with high-temperature saturated steam, converting the low-temperature saturated steam into superheated steam, and supplying the superheated steam to the steam user through the external superheated steam supply pipeline 304; wherein, the high-temperature saturated steam used to heat the low-temperature saturated steam in the steam heater 12 is composed of high-temperature and high-pressure saturated steam from the high-temperature steam extraction pipeline 102 and medium-temperature and medium-pressure saturated steam from the high-low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe 201; the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 is used to receive the heat network return water that has been heated in the first steam-water heat exchanger 11, and heat the heat network return water through the medium-temperature saturated steam introduced by the heat network water heating steam pipeline 305, and lead the heated heat network water to the heating user through the heat network water supply header 504.

[0063] The first steam-water heat exchanger 11, the steam heater 12, and the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 are of shell-and-tube, plate, spiral plate, tube-and-shell, or heat pipe type. The steam generator 1 is a mechanical device that uses the thermal energy of fuel or other energy sources to heat water into steam. The steam generated by the steam generator 1 enters the high-pressure cylinder 2 through the main steam pipe 101. The steam flowing out of the high-pressure cylinder 2 enters the low-pressure cylinder 3 through the high-low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe 201. The high-pressure cylinder 2 is the initial stage for steam entering the cylinder; at this time, the steam pressure and temperature are high, so the corresponding high-pressure cylinder blades are short and the impeller diameter is large. The difference between the low-pressure cylinder 3 and the high-pressure cylinder 2 lies in the difference in internal pressure. The nuclear power heating and steam supply coupling system also includes a generator 4. The steam performs work in the high-pressure cylinder 1 and the low-pressure cylinder 3, driving the generator 4 to generate electricity. Steam in the high-low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe 201 also enters the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 through the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipe 301. The first steam-water heat exchanger 11 can use part of the heat network return water to cool the medium-temperature saturated steam into low-temperature saturated steam, which flows into the steam heater 12 through the low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipe 303. The steam heater 12 can use the high-temperature saturated steam to heat the low-temperature industrial saturated steam, wherein the high-temperature saturated steam is transmitted to the steam heater 12 through the heating steam header 203. The heat network return water in the heat network return water header 501 is introduced through the heat network circulation pump 13. The heat network circulation pump 13 can overcome the resistance loss of the entire system and push the circulating water in the heat network to ensure normal heating. After being heated in the first steam-water heat exchanger 11, the return water from the heating network flows into the return water header 501 through the outlet pipe 503 of the first steam-water heat exchanger and then into the second steam-water heat exchanger 14. The heated return water from the heating network is then heated by medium-temperature saturated steam introduced by the heating network water heating steam pipeline 305, and finally the heated water from the heating network water supply header 504 is delivered to the heating users.

[0064] In this embodiment, the steam generated by the steam generator 1 enters the high-pressure cylinder 2 through the main steam pipe 101. The steam flowing out of the high-pressure cylinder 2 enters the low-pressure cylinder 3 through the high-low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe 201. The steam in the high-low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe 201 also enters the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 through the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipe 301. The first steam-water heat exchanger 11 can use part of the heat network return water from the heat network return water header 501 to cool down the medium-temperature saturated steam in the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipe 301, turning it into low-temperature saturated steam. This low-temperature industrial saturated steam flows into the steam heater 12 through the low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipe 303, where it is heated by the high-temperature saturated steam and becomes superheated steam, which is then supplied to the steam user through the external superheated steam supply pipe 304. Under the action of the heating network circulation pump 13, a portion of the heating network return water in the main pipe 501 is connected to the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 via the inlet pipe 502. The heated return water in the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 flows into the main pipe 501 via the outlet pipe 503, and then into the second steam-water heat exchanger 14. The heated return water is then further heated by medium-temperature saturated steam introduced through the heating network water heating steam pipeline 305. Finally, the heated heating network water is delivered to the heating users via the main pipe 504. This embodiment of the invention, by setting up multi-stage heat exchangers, significantly increases the superheat of the originally directly supplied medium-temperature saturated steam by first condensing and dehumidifying it before heating it. This greatly increases the transmission distance of the supplied industrial steam and reduces condensate loss during transmission. The heat recovered during the condensation of medium-temperature saturated steam is used to heat the return water or condensate of the heating network without causing energy loss.

[0065] Optionally, the nuclear heating and steam supply coupling system further includes: a condensate treatment device 16 and a heating condensate pump 15; the first condensate pipeline 307 of the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 and the second condensate pipeline 306 of the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 are both connected to the inlet of the heating condensate pump 15, and the outlet of the heating condensate pump 15 is connected to the inlet of the condensate treatment device 16; the heating condensate pump 15 is used to pump the condensate discharged from the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 and the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 into the condensate treatment device 16; the outlet of the condensate treatment device 16 is connected to the inlet of the steam generator 1, and the condensate treatment device 16 is used to deoxygenate and heat the condensate before introducing it into the steam generator.

[0066] The condensate in the first condensate pipeline 307 is generated by cooling the medium-temperature saturated steam drawn from the medium-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline 302 after the return water from the heating network is cooled. The condensate in the second condensate pipeline 306 is generated by heating the return water from the heating network after the medium-temperature saturated steam in the heating network water heating steam pipeline 305 is heated. The condensate discharged from the first condensate pipeline 307 of the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 and the second condensate pipeline 306 of the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 flows into the heating condensate pump 15. The heating condensate pump 15 can be used to transport condensate and can transport the condensate discharged from the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 and the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 to the condensate treatment device 16. After being treated by the condensate treatment device 16, the condensate is transported to the steam generator 1 so that the steam generator 1 can recycle the condensate and improve the water utilization rate.

[0067] Optionally, the condensate treatment device 16 includes a condenser 5, a condensate pump 6, a low-pressure heater 7, a deaerator 8, a feedwater pump 9, and a high-pressure heater 10; the first inlet of the deaerator 8 is connected to the outlet of the heating condensate pump 15 and the first outlet of the low-pressure heater 7, the second inlet is connected to the second steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 2, the third inlet is connected to the second outlet of the low-pressure heater 7, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the feedwater pump 9; the outlet of the feedwater pump 9 is connected to the first inlet of the high-pressure heater 10; the second inlet of the high-pressure heater 10 is connected to the third steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 2, the first outlet is connected to the inlet of the steam generator 1, and the second outlet is connected to the fourth inlet of the deaerator 8; the first steam outlet of the low-pressure cylinder 3 is connected to the first inlet of the low-pressure heater 7, and the second steam outlet is connected to the inlet of the condenser 5; the outlet of the condenser 5 is connected to the inlet of the condensate pump 6, and the outlet of the condensate pump 6 is connected to the second inlet of the low-pressure heater 7.

[0068] The heating condensate pump 15 transports the condensate discharged from the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 and the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 to the deaerator 8. The deaerator 8 removes oxygen and other gases from the condensate. Simultaneously, the deaerator 8 itself acts as a mixing heater, heating the condensate and increasing its temperature. Steam discharged from the second outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 2 is transferred to the deaerator 8, and steam discharged from the third outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 2 is transferred to the high-pressure heater 10. Steam discharged from the first outlet of the low-pressure cylinder 3 is transferred to the low-pressure heater 7. Exhaust steam discharged from the second outlet of the low-pressure cylinder 3 is condensed into water through the condenser 5. The condensate in the condenser 5 flows into the condensate pump 6, which transports the condensate in the condenser 5. The low-pressure heater 7 then transfers the heated condensate to the deaerator 8. The feedwater pump 9 transports the condensate at a certain temperature from the deaerator 8's water tank to the high-pressure heater 10. After being heated by the high-pressure heater 10, the condensate is transferred to the steam generator 1, thus realizing the reuse of condensate in the system and improving water utilization.

[0069] Optionally, the exhaust pipe 204 of the steam heater 12 is connected to the heating steam pipeline 305 of the hot water network; or, the exhaust pipe 204 of the steam heater 12 is connected to the deaerator 8, and the steam discharged from the steam heater 12 is used to heat the condensate entering the deaerator 8.

[0070] The steam discharged from the exhaust pipe 204 of the steam heater 12 can be used to heat the return water of the heating network in the heating network water heating steam pipeline 305, or to heat the condensate entering the deaerator 8, so as to realize the recycling of steam and improve the utilization rate of steam.

[0071] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another nuclear heating and steam supply coupling system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, for reference. Figure 2 Optionally, the inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is connected to the outlet of the condensate pump 6; the outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure heater 7, or the outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is connected to the fifth inlet of the deaerator 8.

[0072] During the non-heating season, the condensate from the condensate pump 6 can be transferred to the first steam-water heat exchanger 11. The condensate from the condensate pump 6 is used to cool the medium-temperature saturated steam in the first steam-water heat exchanger 11, ensuring the quality and superheat of the externally supplied steam. The condensate generated during the cooling process of the medium-temperature saturated steam in the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is transferred to the low-pressure heater 7 or directly introduced into the deaerator 8, realizing the reuse of condensate.

[0073] refer to Figure 1 Optionally, the steam inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is connected to the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline 301 via the medium-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline 302; a first regulating valve V1 is installed on the high-temperature steam extraction pipeline 102, a second regulating valve V2 is installed on the first medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline 202, a third regulating valve V3 is installed on the medium-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline 302, a fourth regulating valve V4 is installed on the heating network water heating steam pipeline 305, a fifth regulating valve V5 is installed on the inlet pipe 502 of the first steam-water heat exchanger, and a sixth regulating valve V6 is installed on the heating network return water header 501; the system also includes a controller, which is used to adjust the opening degree of each regulating valve.

[0074] Among them, regulating valves V1 to V6 are all electric regulating valves. By controlling the opening of the first regulating valve V1 on the high-temperature steam extraction pipeline 102 and the second regulating valve V2 on the first medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline 202, the amount of steam entering the heating steam header 203 can be regulated. By controlling the opening of the third regulating valve V3 on the medium-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline 302, the amount of steam entering the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 can be regulated. By controlling the opening of the fourth regulating valve V4 on the heating network water heating steam pipeline 305, the amount of steam entering the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 can be regulated. By controlling the opening of the fifth regulating valve V5 on the inlet pipe 502 of the first steam-water heat exchanger and the sixth regulating valve V6 on the return water header 501 of the heating network, the amount of water entering the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 can be regulated, thereby adjusting the cooling amplitude and effect of the medium-temperature saturated steam introduced from the medium-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline 302.

[0075] Optionally, a first pressure sensor and a first temperature sensor are installed on the medium-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline 302; a second pressure sensor and a second temperature sensor are installed on the low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline 303; a third pressure sensor, a third temperature sensor and a first flow sensor are installed on the external superheated steam pipeline 304; the controller is also used to adjust the opening degree of at least one of the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve, the third regulating valve and the fifth regulating valve according to the detection values ​​of the first pressure sensor, the first temperature sensor, the second pressure sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third pressure sensor, the third temperature sensor and the first flow sensor.

[0076] A fourth pressure sensor, a fourth temperature sensor, and a second flow sensor are installed on the heating network supply water main pipe 504; a fifth pressure sensor, a fifth temperature sensor, and a third flow sensor are installed on the heating network return water main pipe 501; the controller is also used to adjust the opening degree of at least one of the fourth regulating valve and the sixth regulating valve according to the detection values ​​of the fourth pressure sensor, the fourth temperature sensor, the second flow sensor, the fifth pressure sensor, the fifth temperature sensor, and the third flow sensor.

[0077] The first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is equipped with a first pressure sensor and a first temperature sensor in its inlet steam pipe, and a second pressure sensor and a second temperature sensor in its outlet steam pipe. The steam heater 12 is the same as the outlet steam pipe of the first steam-water heat exchanger 11. The outlet steam pipe of the steam heater 12 is equipped with a third pressure sensor, a third temperature sensor, and a first flow sensor. The controller receives the detection values ​​transmitted by each sensor and can control and adjust the opening of at least one of the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve, the third regulating valve, and the fifth regulating valve to control the gas supply flow rate, the steam supply pressure, and the steam supply temperature. It can also detect the operating status of the system to ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0078] The outlet pipe of the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 is equipped with a fourth pressure sensor, a fourth temperature sensor, and a second flow sensor. The inlet pipe is equipped with a fifth pressure sensor, a fifth temperature sensor, and a third flow sensor. The controller receives the detection values ​​transmitted by each sensor and can control the opening degree of at least one of the fourth and sixth regulating valves to control the heat supply. It can also detect the working status of the system to ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0079] The controller can adjust the fourth regulating valve V4 based on the sum of the heat absorbed Q1 by the heating network water in the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 and the heat absorbed Q2 by the heating network water in the second steam-water heat exchanger 14, as well as the user's heat demand Q0, to ensure that the heating network water supply meets the user's heat demand. The controller can also obtain the total external heat supply by measuring the temperature and flow rate measured by the fourth temperature sensor and the second flow sensor installed on the outlet pipe of the second steam-water heat exchanger 14, and the temperature and flow rate measured by the fifth temperature sensor and the third flow sensor installed on the return water header 501 of the heating network. By controlling the opening of the fourth regulating valve V4, the controller ensures that the total external heat supply exceeds the user's heat demand.

[0080] For example, if Q1+Q2>Q0, it means that the external heat supply is greater than the user's demand. The controller can reduce the flow rate of the medium-temperature saturated steam entering the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 to heat the heating network water. When the sum of Q1 and Q2 reaches the value of Q0, the controller can control the opening of the fourth regulating valve V4 to remain unchanged, thereby achieving balanced and stable operation of the external heat supply system.

[0081] If Q1 + Q2 < Q0, it means that the external heat supply is less than the user's demand. The controller can be used to increase the flow rate of medium-temperature saturated steam entering the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 to heat the heating network water. When the sum of Q1 and Q2 reaches the value of Q0, the controller can be used to keep the opening of the fourth regulating valve V4 unchanged, thereby achieving balanced and stable operation of the external heat supply system.

[0082] By setting necessary temperature, pressure, and flow measurement points, the control level of external steam and heat supply can be improved. Furthermore, by controlling the opening degree of the corresponding electric regulating valves in real time, precise control of the flow rate, temperature, and superheat of external steam and heat supply can be achieved, ensuring the effectiveness of heating and steam supply.

[0083] Optionally, the controller is also used to adjust the opening degree of at least one of the first regulating valve V1 and the fifth regulating valve V5 according to the user-side steam temperature measurement value, the user-side heat consumption temperature target value, and the user-side steam pressure.

[0084] Specifically, a first pressure sensor and a first temperature sensor are installed on the medium-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline 302 at the inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 11, and their measured values ​​are recorded as P1 and T1, respectively; a second pressure sensor and a second temperature sensor are installed on the low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline 303 at the inlet of the steam heater 12, and their measured values ​​are recorded as P2 and T2, respectively; a third pressure sensor and a third temperature sensor are installed on the superheated steam pipeline 304 at the outlet of the steam heater 12, and their measured values ​​are recorded as P3 and T3, respectively; pressure and temperature measuring points are installed on the steam pipeline on the No. 1 user side, and their measured values ​​are recorded as P_user1 and T_user1, respectively. (If there are multiple industrial steam users, pressure and temperature measuring points can be installed on the user side and numbered sequentially. This invention uses the No. 1 user as an example for illustration.)

[0085] S1: Based on the steam pressure P_user1 on the user side of user 1, the corresponding saturated steam temperature T0 at that pressure can be obtained through the saturated steam parameter table.

[0086] S2: If T0 < T_user1, it means that the steam on the user side is still in a superheated state. It is only necessary to ensure that the measured steam temperature on the user side, T_user1, is greater than or equal to the user's required heating temperature, T_target. When T_user1 < T_target, the controller can be used to appropriately increase the first regulating valve V1 to increase the steam inlet flow rate and inlet temperature of the high-temperature steam in the steam heater 12, thereby increasing the steam outlet temperature of the steam heater until T_user1 reaches the T_target temperature.

[0087] S3: If T0 ≥ T_user1, it means that the steam on the user side is already saturated. First, the opening of the first regulating valve V1 should be adjusted by the controller to ensure that T_user1 ≥ T_target temperature. When T_user1 ≥ T_target temperature, T0 < T_user1, then no further adjustment is needed.

[0088] S4: When T_user1 ≥ T_target temperature and T_0 ≥ T_user1, there are two modes in this case:

[0089] In safety mode, the steam in the external steam supply pipeline is kept in a superheated state to minimize condensate loss and safety hazards along the pipeline. Since Tuser1 ≥ Ttarget temperature, the moisture content of the heating steam should be reduced first under this condition. By controlling the fifth regulating valve V5 to increase the flow of cooling water into the first steam-water heat exchanger 11, the medium-temperature saturated steam entering the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is reduced to a lower saturation temperature. At the same time, the first regulating valve V1 is increased to increase the inlet flow rate and inlet temperature of the high-temperature steam in the steam heater 12, maintaining Tuser1 ≥ Ttarget temperature. In engineering, for long-distance steam pipelines, the pressure drop and temperature drop can be calculated according to specific formulas for a specific pipeline, and a more economical temperature drop value per kilometer of steam pipeline can be determined. Assuming that the economic value of temperature drop along the external steam supply pipeline is ΔT, calculated based on relevant formulas and engineering experience, when (T3-T_user1) reaches the value of ΔT, the opening of the first regulating valve V1 and the fifth regulating valve V5 remains unchanged, thereby achieving safe and stable operation of the external steam supply system.

[0090] In economic mode, if the outlet temperature of the medium-temperature superheated steam at the steam heater 12, T3 - T_user1, is greater than ΔT, the heat loss along the steam path can be reduced by decreasing the moisture content of the heating steam. By adjusting the fifth regulating valve V5, the flow rate of cooling water into the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is increased, and the medium-temperature saturated steam entering the first steam-water heat exchanger 11 is reduced to a lower saturation temperature. At the same time, the first regulating valve V1 is adjusted to increase the inlet flow rate and inlet temperature of the high-temperature steam in the steam heater, maintaining T_user1 ≥ T_target temperature. When (T3 - T_user1) reaches the value of ΔT, the opening of the first regulating valve V1 and the fifth regulating valve V5 remains unchanged, thereby achieving safe and stable operation of the external steam supply system.

[0091] Optionally, radiation monitoring instruments are installed on the external superheated steam pipeline 304, the heat network return water header 501, and the heat network supply water header 504; a first shut-off valve V7 is installed on the heat network return water header 501, and a second shut-off valve V8 is installed on the heat network supply water header 504; the radiation monitoring instruments are used to monitor the radiation dose level of the medium in the pipe in real time; the controller is used to close the third regulating valve V3 when the radiation dose level of the external superheated steam pipeline 304 is greater than a preset value, close the first shut-off valve V7 when the radiation dose level of the heat network return water header 501 is greater than a preset value, and close the second shut-off valve V8 when the radiation dose level of the heat network supply water header 504 is greater than a preset value.

[0092] When the controller receives a real-time monitoring of the radiation dose level of the medium inside the tube from the radiation monitoring instrument, which is greater than the preset value, it can control the closure of the first shut-off valve V7, the second shut-off valve V8, and the third regulating valve V3 to prevent the spread of radioactive contamination and further improve the safety of external steam and heat supply.

[0093] Optionally, a heat network return water treatment device is provided on the inlet side of the heat network circulation pump 13. The heat network return water treatment device is used to remove dirt, filter, purify and deoxygenate the heat network return water. A constant pressure water supply device is provided on the heat network return water header 501. The first steam-water heat exchanger 11, the steam heater 12 and the second steam-water heat exchanger 14 are of the following structural types: shell and tube type, plate type, spiral plate type, tube and shell type or heat pipe type.

[0094] Before entering the heating network circulation pump 13, the return water from the heating network needs to undergo decontamination, filtration, purification, and deoxygenation treatment by process equipment to ensure its safety. A constant pressure water supply device is installed on the return water pipe 501 to maintain stable pressure in the heating network water pipeline system.

[0095] This invention, through the installation of multi-stage heat exchangers in both the heating and industrial steam supply circuits, significantly increases the superheat of the previously directly supplied medium-temperature saturated steam by first condensing and dehumidifying it before reheating. This substantially increases the transport distance of the industrial steam and reduces condensate loss during transport. The heat recovered during the condensation of the medium-temperature saturated steam is used to heat the return water of the heating network, resulting in no energy loss. By using regulating valves and temperature, pressure, and flow measurement points on the pipelines, the controller, based on real-time monitoring of relevant pressure and temperature signals and the changes in pressure and temperature, precisely controls the opening of each corresponding electric regulating valve during operation. This achieves precise control of the flow rate, temperature, and superheat of the supplied steam and heat, ensuring effective heating and steam supply.

[0096] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0097] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A nuclear energy heating and steam supply coupling system, characterized in that, include: Steam generator, high-pressure cylinder, low-pressure cylinder, first steam-water heat exchanger, steam heater, heat network circulation pump, and second steam-water heat exchanger; The steam generator's outlet is connected to the high-pressure cylinder's inlet via a main steam pipe, and the high-pressure cylinder's first outlet is connected to the low-pressure cylinder's inlet via a high-low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe. The steam inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline, which is connected to the high-low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe. The steam outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the steam inlet of the steam heater via a low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline. The water inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the heat network return water header via the first steam-water heat exchanger inlet pipe. The heat network return water header is connected to the heat network circulation pump, which is used to introduce heat network return water into the heat network return water header. The water outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the heat network return water header via the first steam-water heat exchanger outlet pipe. The heating steam main pipe of the steam heater is connected to the high-temperature steam extraction pipe and the first medium-temperature steam extraction pipe, respectively. The first medium-temperature steam extraction pipe is connected to the high and low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe, and the high-temperature steam extraction pipe is connected to the main steam pipe. The steam supply port of the steam heater is connected to the external superheated steam supply pipe. The inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the return water header of the heating network, the steam inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline through the heating network water heating steam pipeline, and the outlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the heating network water supply header. The first steam-water heat exchanger is used to cool the medium-temperature saturated steam drawn from the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline by the return water from the heat network return water header, converting the medium-temperature saturated steam into low-temperature saturated steam, and then inputting the low-temperature saturated steam into the steam heater through the low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline. The steam heater is used to heat the low-temperature saturated steam with high-temperature saturated steam, converting the low-temperature saturated steam into superheated steam, and supplying the superheated steam to the steam user through an external superheated steam supply pipeline; wherein, the high-temperature saturated steam used to heat the low-temperature saturated steam in the steam heater is a mixture of high-temperature and high-pressure saturated steam drawn from the high-temperature steam extraction pipeline and medium-temperature and medium-pressure saturated steam drawn from the high-low pressure cylinder steam connecting pipe. The second steam-water heat exchanger is used to receive the heat network return water that has been heated in the first steam-water heat exchanger, and to heat the heat network return water by introducing medium-temperature saturated steam through the heat network water heating steam pipeline, and to lead the heated heat network water to the heating users through the heat network water supply main pipe. Condensate treatment equipment and heating condensate pumps; The first condensate pipeline of the first steam-water heat exchanger and the second condensate pipeline of the second steam-water heat exchanger are both connected to the inlet of the heating condensate pump, and the outlet of the heating condensate pump is connected to the inlet of the condensate treatment device. The heating condensate pump is used to pump the condensate discharged from the first steam-water heat exchanger and the second steam-water heat exchanger into the condensate treatment device. The outlet of the condensate treatment device is connected to the inlet of the steam generator. The condensate treatment device is used to deoxygenate and heat the condensate before introducing it into the steam generator. A heat network return water treatment device is installed on the inlet side of the heat network circulation pump. The heat network return water treatment device is used to remove dirt, filter, purify and deoxygenate the heat network return water. A constant pressure water supply device is installed on the return water header of the heating network.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensate treatment device includes a condenser, a condensate pump, a low-pressure heater, a deaerator, a feedwater pump, and a high-pressure heater. The first inlet of the deaerator is connected to the outlet of the heating condensate pump and the first outlet of the low-pressure heater, the second inlet is connected to the second steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder, the third inlet is connected to the second outlet of the low-pressure heater, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the feed water pump. The outlet of the water pump is connected to the first inlet of the high-pressure heater; The second inlet of the high-pressure heater is connected to the third steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder, the first outlet is connected to the inlet of the steam generator, and the second outlet is connected to the fourth inlet of the deaerator. The first steam outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is connected to the first inlet of the low-pressure heater, and the second steam outlet is connected to the inlet of the condenser. The outlet of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the condensate pump, and the control of the condensate pump is connected to the second inlet of the low-pressure heater.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe of the steam heater is connected to the steam pipeline of the heating network. Alternatively, the steam heater's exhaust pipe is connected to the deaerator, and the steam discharged from the steam heater is used to heat the condensate entering the deaerator.

4. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the condensate pump; The outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure heater, or the outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the fifth inlet of the deaerator.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the second medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline via a medium-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline. A first regulating valve V is installed on the high-temperature steam extraction pipeline, a second regulating valve is installed on the first medium-temperature steam extraction pipeline, a third regulating valve is installed on the medium-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline, a fourth regulating valve is installed on the heating network water heating steam pipeline, a fifth regulating valve is installed on the inlet pipe of the first steam-water heat exchanger, and a sixth regulating valve is installed on the heating network return water header. The system also includes a controller for adjusting the opening degree of each of the regulating valves.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first pressure sensor and a first temperature sensor are installed on the medium-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline. A second pressure sensor and a second temperature sensor are installed on the low-temperature industrial saturated steam pipeline. The externally supplied superheated steam pipeline is equipped with a third pressure sensor, a third temperature sensor, and a first flow sensor. The controller is also used to adjust the opening degree of at least one of the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve, the third regulating valve, and the fifth regulating valve according to the detection values ​​of the first pressure sensor, the first temperature sensor, the second pressure sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third pressure sensor, the third temperature sensor, and the first flow sensor. The heating network water supply main pipe is equipped with a fourth pressure sensor, a fourth temperature sensor, and a second flow sensor. The heat network return water header is equipped with a fifth pressure sensor, a fifth temperature sensor and a third flow sensor. The controller is also used to adjust the opening degree of at least one of the fourth and sixth regulating valves based on the detection values ​​of the fourth pressure sensor, the fourth temperature sensor, the second flow sensor, the fifth pressure sensor, the fifth temperature sensor, and the third flow sensor.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The controller is also used to adjust the opening degree of at least one of the first regulating valve and the fifth regulating valve according to the user-side steam temperature measurement value, the user-side heat consumption temperature target value, and the user-side steam pressure.

8. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Radiation monitoring instruments are installed on the external superheated steam pipeline, the return water header of the heating network, and the supply water header of the heating network. A first shut-off valve is installed on the return water header of the heating network, and a second shut-off valve is installed on the supply water header of the heating network. The radiation monitoring instrument is used to monitor the radiation dose level of the medium inside the tube in real time. The controller is used to close the third regulating valve when the radiation dose level of the externally supplied superheated steam pipeline is greater than a preset value, close the first shut-off valve when the radiation dose level of the return water header of the heating network is greater than a preset value, and close the second shut-off valve when the radiation dose level of the supply water header of the heating network is greater than a preset value.

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