A composite structure for detecting and melting ice on a surface and a method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of sensor measurement technology, specifically to a surface ice detection and ice melting composite structure and method thereof. The structure is composed of a temperature-equalizing body, a heating element, a temperature probe, an insulation ring and an insulation cover, a solver controller, etc. The heating element and the temperature probe are connected to the solver controller through leads; the temperature-equalizing body is made of corrosion-resistant materials with good thermal conductivity and is installed on the inner side of the detected surface; the heating element is an electric heating component, which is installed on the surface or inside of the temperature-equalizing body; the temperature probe is placed inside the temperature-equalizing body; the insulation ring is installed on the periphery of the temperature-equalizing body, covering the insulation cover, and together forming an insulation cover, isolating the temperature-equalizing body, the heating element, and the temperature probe in the cavity; the leads of the heating element and the temperature probe pass through the insulation cover and are connected to the solver controller. During measurement, the solver controller records the temperature change curve, calculates the thermal impedance composition of the heat conduction path, and analyzes the icing condition of the monitored surface. During deicing, the solver controller heats the detection surface, melts the ice layer at the junction, and achieves the deicing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sensor measurement technology, and in particular to a surface ice detection and ice melting composite structure and method based on thermal impedance measurement. Background Art

[0002] Surface ice detection has application requirements in many fields, such as home appliances, electronic equipment, wind power generation, roads, high-voltage power transmission, antennas, buildings, etc. A typical application is in the aviation field. During the flight of an aircraft, it is necessary to detect ice on multiple surfaces such as wings and tails, and issue a warning when ice forms, prompting the crew to initiate de-icing measures to ensure flight safety.

[0003] There are many existing ice detection technologies, which mainly use the physical properties of ice or the changes in the physical properties of the surface of an object caused by ice to detect the ice state. For example, image acquisition technology is used to detect whether there is ice on the surface and its thickness, vibration sensors are used to determine whether there is ice by detecting changes in vibration frequency, and non-destructive detection methods such as ultrasound are used to detect ice layers and their thickness.

[0004] Existing surface ice detection technologies generally have the following shortcomings:

[0005] First, the system composition is complex, and it is inconvenient to use and maintain. For example, the image acquisition detection system includes modules such as image acquisition, image transmission, image processing, and image analysis, and the system composition is complex.

[0006] Second, the system's anti-interference ability is weak. For example, detection methods based on ultrasonic technology and image acquisition detection methods are susceptible to interference, resulting in poor detection results.

[0007] Third, the morphology of the detected surface is destroyed, and some detectors need to be arranged outside the surface, which causes the protection characteristics of the surface to change;

[0008] Fourth, the detection and ice-melting components cannot be used together. Due to the difference in principles, the detection system and the ice-melting system are independent systems and cannot be used together to improve the utilization of space and load. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to solve the problems of the existing surface ice detection technology being complex, weak in anti-interference capability, and inability to be used in combination with ice melting equipment, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a surface ice detection and ice melting composite structure and method.

[0010] The surface ice detection and ice melting composite structure and method thereof use a thermal resistance isolation layer to highlight the heat transfer characteristics of the surface to be detected, use an active thermal power step change pulse of a certain length of time to heat up or cool down the surface of the object, record the temperature change transient curve, and calculate the thermal impedance characteristics based on the curve to determine whether there is an ice layer and estimate the thickness of the ice layer. This method is currently widely used in component thermal resistance testing, but has not been used for ice detection on the surface of objects.

[0011] Specifically, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0012] A surface ice detection and ice melting composite structure comprises a temperature equalizer, a heating element, a temperature probe, a heat insulation ring and a heat insulation cover, and a solver controller. The heating element and the temperature probe are connected to the solver controller through leads.

[0013] The temperature equalizer is made of corrosion-resistant material with good thermal conductivity and is installed on the inner side of the detected surface. Thermal conductive silicone grease is provided at the contact point between the two.

[0014] The contact surface contour between the temperature-averaging body and the detected surface is of any shape, such as a circle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, etc.

[0015] The heating element is an electric heating component installed on the surface or inside of the temperature-isolating body, and a thermal conductive silicone grease is provided at the contact portion between the two.

[0016] Wherein, the heating element is an electric heating element.

[0017] The temperature probe is placed in the temperature equalizer, and thermal conductive silicone grease is provided at the contact point between the two.

[0018] Among them, the heat insulation ring is installed on the periphery of the temperature equalizer and covered with the heat insulation cover, together forming a heat insulation cover, isolating the temperature equalizer, the heating element and the temperature probe in the cavity.

[0019] The leads of the heating element and the temperature probe pass through the heat insulation cover and are connected to the solver controller.

[0020] Among them, the solver controller is equipped with a microcontroller unit, a temperature probe interface and a DC programmable power source, and has built-in embedded software, which communicates with the host computer through the interface; the temperature probe interface is connected to the temperature probe; the DC programmable power source is connected to the heating element; the built-in embedded software of the solver controller includes temperature reading and output of specified DC heating power functions, and completes the thermal impedance analysis function alone or by the host computer.

[0021] The detection method of the surface ice detection and ice melting composite structure of the present invention is specifically as follows:

[0022] (1) Temperature detection

[0023] Use the solver controller to read the real-time temperature of the temperature probe and feed it back to the host computer;

[0024] (2) Time-temperature curve recording

[0025] At set time intervals, use the solver controller to read the real-time temperature of the temperature probe, record the time-temperature curve, and feed back to the host computer;

[0026] (3) Recording of thermal response curves for heating or cooling

[0027] The solver controller is used to control the DC programmable power source, and the heating element is excited by a step power change; when the step power changes from zero power to the set power, it is a temperature increase. When the step power changes from the set power to zero power, it is a temperature decrease.

[0028] While implementing the rapid change of step power, the solver controller reads the real-time temperature of the temperature probe at the set time interval, records the thermal response curve of heating or cooling, until the temperature change tends to balance, and feeds back to the host computer;

[0029] When recording the heating curve, the temperature before applying the step power is recorded as the ambient temperature T amb When recording the cooling curve, the temperature when the step power change is 0 and tends to equilibrium is the ambient temperature T amb .

[0030] (4) Thermal impedance analysis

[0031] The temperature rise or temperature drop thermal response curve obtained in step (3) is calculated by referring to the structure function method in the Solid State Technology Association standard JESD51-14 "Test and evaluation method for junction-to-case thermal resistance of semiconductor devices with a single heat dissipation path based on the transient double interface method". The thermal impedance parameters of each layer on the heat transfer path are analyzed from the structure function, including the thermal resistance R t and heat capacity C t ;

[0032] (5) Preparation for ice layer parameter analysis

[0033] For a specific surface ice detection and ice melting structure and its working conditions (such as temperature, air pressure, air velocity, etc.), draw a relationship diagram between thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity. The specific steps include:

[0034] ① Draw a graph of the relationship between ice density and thermal conductivity

[0035] Draw a graph of ice density-thermal conductivity under a specific temperature range and pressure range by conducting experiments or consulting literature;

[0036] ② Draw a graph of the relationship between thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity

[0037] By means of theoretical calculation or computer simulation, the data from step (5)-① is applied to calculate the relationship between thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity for a specific surface ice detection and ice melting structure;

[0038] For a specific surface ice detection and ice melting structure and its working conditions, the preparation work of step (5) only needs to be done once;

[0039] (6) Calculation of ice layer parameters

[0040] ① Determine whether it is pure icing state

[0041] If the ambient temperature T amb >The freezing point under this air pressure condition does not meet the freezing conditions and is not in an icing state;

[0042] Such as T amb ≈ the freezing point under the pressure conditions, and the thermal resistance R calculated in step (5) t Very small, heat capacity C t When it is very large, use the formula Calculate the thermal resistance R of the ice layer under unit heat capacity tc , compared with the relationship between thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity prepared in advance, when R tc When it is obviously outside the range of the X-axis value corresponding to the curve, there is liquid melt between the ice layer and the surface, and it is in a melting state;

[0043] When in the above two states, it is not a pure icing state, and the subsequent calculation of ice layer parameters cannot be performed. At this time, the state information is fed back to the host computer.

[0044] When it is not in the above state, it is in an icing state, at which time, subsequent calculation of ice layer parameters can be performed. At this time, subsequent calculation is performed and the subsequent calculation results are fed back to the host computer.

[0045] ② Calculate the mass of the ice layer

[0046] Using the formula Calculate the mass of the ice layer, where m is the mass of the ice layer, C t is the heat capacity calculated in step 4, c is the specific heat capacity of ice;

[0047] ③Calculate the thermal resistance under unit heat capacity

[0048] Using the formula Calculate the thermal resistance of the ice layer per unit heat capacity, where R tc is the thermal resistance under unit heat capacity, thermal resistance R t and heat capacity C t is the calculation result of step 4;

[0049] ④ Calculate the thermal conductivity of the ice layer

[0050] Use an approximate curve or other method to calculate the thermal resistance R under unit heat capacity obtained in step (6)-② above. tc Compared with the relationship diagram of thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity prepared in step (5)-②, the thermal conductivity of the ice layer λ is calculated i ;

[0051] ⑤Calculate ice density

[0052] The thermal conductivity of the ice layer λ obtained in step ③ above is i , compared with the pre-prepared ice layer density-thermal conductivity relationship diagram, the ice layer density ρ is calculated using the approximate curve and other methods. i ;

[0053] ⑥Calculate ice thickness

[0054] Using the formula Calculate the ice thickness, where d i is the thickness of the ice layer, m is the mass of the ice layer, ρ i is the ice layer density obtained in step 4, S is the heat transfer area of ​​the structure;

[0055] (7) Heating and deicing

[0056] A solver controller is used to control a DC programmable power source, output a certain amount of electric heating power to the heating element, and raise the surface temperature above the freezing point to melt the attached ice layer. The heating power and time can be controlled by the program.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the surface ice detection and ice melting composite structure and method of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0058] (1) Directly use thermal characteristic parameters to determine whether there is an ice layer and estimate its thickness. The system has a simple structure, small size, simple use and maintenance, strong anti-interference ability, low implementation cost and high reliability;

[0059] (2) The ice detection and ice melting systems can be highly integrated, reusing heating elements and temperature sensors. There is no need to maintain two systems separately, thus improving space utilization and load utilization.

[0060] (3) The ice detection system and ice melting system are located inside the detected surface and do not need to extend beyond the detection surface, thus not destroying the physical properties and protective and sealing properties of the surface.

[0061] The surface ice detection and ice melting composite structure and method of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the composite structure for surface ice detection and ice melting;

[0063] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of density-thermal conductivity curve;

[0064] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of thermal resistance-thermal conductivity curve under unit heat capacity.

[0065] Among them, 1-detected surface, 2-surface ice layer, 3-temperature equalizer, 4-heating element, 5-temperature probe, 6-insulation ring, 7-insulation cover, 8-lead, 9-solution controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The technical scheme of the present invention is further specifically described below by way of examples and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0067] 1. Surface ice detection and ice melting composite structure

[0068] A composite structure for detecting ice formation and melting ice on a surface is used to detect the thickness of ice on a good heat-conducting surface when the ambient temperature remains basically unchanged. The schematic diagram of the structure is shown in FIG. Figure 1 shown.

[0069] The detected surface 1 should be a thin layer surface with good thermal conductivity, such as metal plates, walls, etc. Surfaces with poor thermal conductivity are not suitable. The upper side is the inner side of the detected surface 1, that is, the inside of the device, and the lower side is the outer side of the detected surface 1, that is, the outside of the device. The ice layer is on the outer side of the surface.

[0070] The detection structure is composed of a temperature-equalizing body 3 , a heating element 4 , a temperature probe 5 , a heat-insulating ring 6 , a heat-insulating cover 7 , and a solver controller 9 . The heating element 4 and the temperature probe 5 are connected to the solver controller 9 via a lead 8 .

[0071] The temperature-averaging body 3 is made of corrosion-resistant materials with good thermal conductivity, such as 6061 aluminum alloy, and is installed on the inner side of the detected surface 1. Thermal grease and other materials are used at the contact part to ensure good thermal conductivity between the temperature-averaging body 3 and the detected surface 1. The temperature-averaging body 3 is minimized in thickness to reduce heat capacity while meeting the mechanical and temperature-averaging effects. The contact surface contour with the detected surface 1 is circular, polygonal or other suitable shapes, and has a certain contact area.

[0072] The heating element 4 is an electric heating component, which is installed on the surface or inside of the temperature-equalizing body 3, and uses thermal conductive silicone grease and other materials at the contact part to ensure good heat conduction between the heating element 4 and the temperature-equalizing body 3. In this embodiment, it is a ring-shaped electric heating plate, and an electric heating belt or electric heating rod can also be used.

[0073] The temperature probe 5 uses a temperature probe with relatively high resolution. In this embodiment, a thermistor probe is used, which is placed in the temperature-averaging body 3 , and thermal grease and other materials are used at the contact parts to ensure good heat conduction between the temperature probe 5 and the temperature-averaging body 3 .

[0074] The heat insulation ring 6 and the heat insulation cover 7 are made of materials with good heat insulation and mechanical properties. In this embodiment, they are made of hard foamed polyurethane with a certain thickness. The heat insulation ring 6 is installed on the periphery of the temperature-equalizing body and covers the heat insulation cover 7, together forming a heat insulation cover, isolating the temperature-equalizing body 3, the heating element 4, and the temperature probe 5 in the cavity.

[0075] The lead wires 8 of the heating element 4 and the temperature probe 5 pass through the heat insulation cover 7 and are connected to the solver controller 9 .

[0076] The solution controller 9 is equipped with a microcontroller unit, a temperature probe interface and a DC programmable power source, and has built-in embedded software, which communicates with the host computer through the interface. The temperature probe interface is connected to the temperature probe 5 to realize the temperature acquisition function. The DC programmable power source is connected to the heating element 4 to realize the electric heating function. The main functions of the built-in embedded software of the solution controller 9 include temperature reading, outputting specified DC heating power, and completing thermal impedance analysis alone or by the host computer.

[0077] (II) Basic detection methods

[0078] The ice thickness analysis in this detection method is applicable to the situation where there is open space outside the surface and only an ice layer, that is, the open space is an atmospheric environment and the surface ice will not accumulate on the surface after melting.

[0079] The specific method includes the following steps:

[0080] 1. Temperature detection

[0081] The real-time temperature of the temperature probe 5 is read by the solver controller and fed back to the host computer.

[0082] 2. Time temperature curve recording

[0083] At set time intervals, the real-time temperature of the temperature probe 5 is read using the solver controller, the time-temperature curve is recorded, and the result is fed back to the host computer.

[0084] 3. Recording of thermal response curves of heating or cooling

[0085] The solver controller 9 is used to control the DC programmable power source, and the step power change excitation is implemented on the heating element 4. The heating power changes rapidly from 0 power or low power to high power, which is a temperature increase excitation, or the heating power changes rapidly from high power to low power or 0 power, which is a temperature decrease excitation. While implementing the step power rapid change, the solver controller is used to read the real-time temperature of the temperature probe 5 at the set time interval, and the thermal response curve of the temperature increase or decrease is recorded until the temperature change tends to be balanced, and the feedback is fed back to the host computer.

[0086] When recording the heating curve, the temperature before applying the step power is recorded as the ambient temperature T amb When recording the cooling curve, the temperature when the step power change is 0 and tends to equilibrium is the ambient temperature T amb .

[0087] 4. Thermal impedance analysis

[0088] The temperature rise or fall thermal response curve obtained in step 3 is calculated by referring to the structure function method in the Solid State Technology Association standard JESD51-14 "Test and evaluation method for junction-to-case thermal resistance of semiconductor devices with a single heat dissipation path based on the transient double interface method". The thermal impedance parameters of each layer on the heat transfer path are analyzed from the structure function, including the thermal resistance R t and heat capacity C t .

[0089] 5. Preparation for ice layer parameter analysis

[0090] For a specific surface ice detection and ice melting structure and its working conditions (such as temperature, air pressure, air velocity, etc.), draw a relationship diagram between thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity. The specific steps include:

[0091] (1) Draw a graph showing the relationship between ice density and thermal conductivity

[0092] Through experiments or literature search, draw a graph of ice density-thermal conductivity under a specific temperature range and pressure range, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0093] (2) Draw a graph of the relationship between thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity

[0094] By means of theoretical calculation or computer simulation, the data from step 5-(1) is applied to calculate the relationship between thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity for a specific surface ice detection and ice melting structure, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0095] For a specific surface ice detection and ice melting structure and its working conditions (such as temperature, air pressure, air flow rate, etc.), the preparation work in step 5 only needs to be done once.

[0096] 6. Calculate ice layer parameters

[0097] (1) Determine whether it is a pure icing state

[0098] If the ambient temperature T amb >The freezing point under this air pressure condition does not meet the freezing conditions and is not in an icing state;

[0099] Such as T amb ≈ the freezing point under the pressure conditions, and the thermal resistance R calculated in step (5) t Very small, heat capacity C t When it is very large, use the formula Calculate the thermal resistance R of the ice layer under unit heat capacity tc , compared with the relationship between thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity prepared in advance, when R tc When it is obviously outside the range of the X-axis value corresponding to the curve, there is liquid melt between the ice layer and the surface, and it is in a melting state;

[0100] When in the above two states, it is not a pure icing state, and the subsequent calculation of ice layer parameters cannot be performed. At this time, the state information is fed back to the host computer.

[0101] When it is not in the above state, it is in an icing state. At this time, subsequent calculation of ice layer parameters can be performed and the ice layer parameters can be fed back to the host computer.

[0102] (2) Calculation of ice mass

[0103] Using the formula Calculate the mass of the ice layer, where m is the mass of the ice layer, C t is the heat capacity calculated in step 4, and c is the specific heat capacity of ice (reference value 2100 J / Kg at a pressure close to 0°C and below the freezing point).

[0104] (2) Calculate the thermal resistance under unit heat capacity

[0105] Using the formula Calculate the thermal resistance of the ice layer per unit heat capacity, where R tc is the thermal resistance under unit heat capacity, thermal resistance R t and heat capacity C t is the calculation result of step 4.

[0106] (3) Calculation of thermal conductivity of ice layer

[0107] Use an approximate curve or other method to calculate the thermal resistance R per unit heat capacity obtained in step 6-(2) above. tc Compared with the relationship diagram of thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity prepared in step 5-(2), the thermal conductivity of the ice layer λ is calculated i .

[0108] (4) Calculate ice density

[0109] Using an approximate curve or the like, the thermal conductivity λ of the ice layer obtained in step (3) above is i , compared with the pre-prepared ice layer density-thermal conductivity relationship diagram, the ice layer density ρ is calculated i .

[0110] (5) Calculate ice thickness

[0111] Using the formula Calculate the ice thickness, where d i is the thickness of the ice layer, m is the mass of the ice layer, ρ i is the ice layer density obtained in step (4), and S is the structural heat transfer area, that is, the contact area between the temperature-isolating body and the detected surface.

[0112] 7. De-icing by ice melting method

[0113] A solver controller is used to control a DC programmable power source to output a certain electric heating power to the heating element so that the surface temperature is raised above the freezing point to melt the attached ice layer and remove the attached ice layer.

[0114] As an alternative, other methods such as vibration deicing may be used for deicing.

[0115] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and melting ice on a surface ice detection and ice melting composite structure, characterized in that: (1) Temperature detection Use the solver controller to read the real-time temperature of the temperature probe and feed it back to the host computer; (2) Time-temperature curve recording At set time intervals, use the solver controller to read the real-time temperature of the temperature probe, record the time-temperature curve, and feed back to the host computer; (3) Recording of thermal response curves of heating or cooling A solver controller is used to control a DC process-controlled power source, and a step power change excitation is implemented on the heating element; when the step power changes from zero power to a set power, the heating element is heated up; when the step power changes from a set power to zero power, the heating element is cooled down; While implementing the rapid change of step power, the solver controller reads the real-time temperature of the temperature probe at the set time interval, records the thermal response curve of heating or cooling, until the temperature change tends to balance, and feeds back to the host computer; When recording the heating curve, the temperature before applying the step power is recorded as the ambient temperature. T amb When recording the cooling curve, the temperature when the step power change is 0 and tends to equilibrium is the ambient temperature T amb ; (4) Thermal impedance analysis The temperature rise or fall thermal response curve obtained in step (3) is calculated by referring to the structure function method in the Solid State Technology Association standard JESD51-14 "Test and evaluation method for junction-to-shell thermal resistance of semiconductor devices with a single heat dissipation path based on the transient double interface method". The thermal impedance parameters of each layer on the heat transfer path are analyzed from the structure function, including the thermal resistance R t and heat capacity C t ; (5) Preparation for ice layer parameter analysis For a specific surface ice detection and ice melting composite structure and working conditions, the relationship between thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity is plotted. The specific steps include: ① Draw a graph of the relationship between ice density and thermal conductivity Through experiments or by consulting literature, draw a graph of ice density-thermal conductivity under a specific range of temperature, air pressure and wind speed; ② Draw a graph of the relationship between thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity By means of theoretical calculation or computer simulation, the data from step ① is applied to calculate the relationship between thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity for a specific surface ice detection and ice melting structure; For a specific surface ice detection and ice melting structure and its working conditions, the preparation work of step (5) only needs to be done once; (6) Calculation of ice layer parameters ① Determine whether it is pure icing state Such as ambient temperature T amb >The freezing point under this air pressure condition does not meet the freezing conditions and is not in an icing state; like T amb ≈ the freezing point under the atmospheric pressure, and the thermal resistance calculated in step (5) R t Very small, heat capacity C t When it is very large, use the formula Calculate the thermal resistance of the ice layer per unit heat capacity R tc , compared with the relationship between thermal resistance and thermal conductivity under unit heat capacity prepared in advance, when R tc When it is obviously outside the range of the X-axis value corresponding to the curve, there is liquid melt between the ice layer and the surface, and it is in a melting state; When in the above two situations, it is not a pure icing state, and the subsequent calculation of ice layer parameters cannot be performed; at this time, the state information is fed back to the host computer; When it is not in the above two situations, it is in an icing state. At this time, the subsequent calculation of ice layer parameters can be performed, and the subsequent calculation results can be fed back to the host computer; ② Calculate the mass of the ice layer Using the formula Calculate the mass of the ice layer, where m is the mass of the ice layer, C t is the heat capacity calculated in step (4), c is the specific heat capacity of ice; ③Calculate the thermal resistance under unit heat capacity Using the formula Calculate the thermal resistance per unit heat capacity of the ice layer, where R tc is the thermal resistance under unit heat capacity, thermal resistance R t and heat capacity C t is the calculation result of step (4); ④ Calculate the thermal conductivity of the ice layer By comparing the thermal resistance per unit heat capacity obtained in step ③ above with the relationship diagram between thermal resistance per unit heat capacity and thermal conductivity prepared in advance, the thermal conductivity of the ice layer is calculated using the approximate curve method. ; ⑤Calculate ice density By taking the thermal conductivity of the ice layer obtained in step ④ above as , compared with the pre-prepared ice layer density-thermal conductivity relationship diagram, the ice layer density is calculated using the approximate curve method ; ⑥Calculate ice thickness Using the formula Calculate the ice thickness, where d i is the ice thickness, m is the mass of the ice layer, is the ice layer density obtained in step ⑤, S is the structural heat transfer area; (7) Heating and deicing A solver controller is used to control a DC programmable power source, output a certain amount of electric heating power to the heating element, and raise the surface temperature above the freezing point to melt the attached ice layer. The heating power and time can be controlled by the program.

2. The method for detecting and melting ice of a surface ice detection and ice melting composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface ice detection and ice melting composite structure comprises a temperature equalizer, a heating element, a temperature probe, a heat insulation ring and a heat insulation cover, and a solver controller. The heating element and the temperature probe are connected to the solver controller via leads.

3. The method for detecting and melting ice of a composite structure for detecting and melting ice on a surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature equalizer is made of corrosion-resistant material with good thermal conductivity and is installed on the inner side of the detected surface. The contact part between the two is provided with thermal conductive silicone grease.

4. The method for detecting and melting ice of a composite structure for detecting and melting ice on a surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: The contact surface contour between the temperature-averaging body and the detected surface is of any shape.

5. The method for detecting and melting ice of a composite structure for detecting and melting ice on a surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heating element is an electric heating component installed on the surface or inside of the temperature-isolating body, and the contact portion between the two is provided with thermal conductive silicone grease.

6. The method for detecting and melting ice of a composite structure for detecting and melting ice on a surface according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heating element is an electric heating element.

7. The method for detecting and melting ice of a composite structure for detecting and melting ice on a surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature probe is placed in the temperature equalizer, and the contact portion between the two is provided with thermal conductive silicone grease.

8. The method for detecting and melting ice of a composite structure for detecting and melting ice on a surface according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat insulation ring is installed on the periphery of the temperature-averaging body and covers the heat insulation cover, together forming a heat insulation cover, isolating the temperature-averaging body, the heating element, and the temperature probe in the cavity.

9. The method for detecting and melting ice of a composite structure for detecting and melting ice on a surface according to claim 8, characterized in that: The leads of the heating element and the temperature probe are connected to the solver controller through the insulation cover.

10. The method for detecting and melting ice of a composite structure for detecting and melting ice on a surface according to claim 9, characterized in that: The solver controller is equipped with a microcontroller unit, a temperature probe interface and a DC programmable power source, and has built-in embedded software, which communicates with the host computer through the interface; the temperature probe interface is connected to the temperature probe; the DC programmable power source is connected to the heating element; the built-in embedded software of the solver controller includes temperature reading and output of specified DC heating power functions, and can complete thermal impedance analysis functions alone or by the host computer.

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