Adjustable steel support structure for shaft support and suspension assembly method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an adjustable steel support structure and a suspension assembly method for shaft support, which includes a plurality of adjustable steel support units adapted to the inner contour of the shaft, the adjustable steel support units being arranged in multiple layers from top to bottom relative to the shaft, and adjacent layers being connected to each other by a suspension mechanism; the adjustable steel support units include a plurality of sections of arc-shaped I-beams, and adjacent sections of arc-shaped I-beams are connected by an adjustable distance joint structure to form a circular steel support capable of expanding and deforming in diameter. The present invention has a simple and reliable structure, and is convenient and quick to operate. By using the circular steel supports arranged in multiple layers and capable of expanding and deforming in diameter, the initial support can be ensured to be in close contact with the excavation surface of the shaft wall, effectively improving the structural stability of the shaft; in addition, the suspension assembly construction of the circular steel supports by the suspension mechanism can simplify the construction process, improve construction efficiency and construction safety, and effectively strengthen the vertical connection stiffness of the upper and lower layers of the circular arc-shaped steel supports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an adjustable steel support structure for shaft support and a suspension assembly method, belonging to the technical field of tunnel shaft construction. Background Art

[0002] In areas with relatively broken surrounding rock, I-beams are required as reinforcement measures for the initial support of the shaft to ensure the stability of the shaft wall during construction. Due to the limited working space inside the shaft, the actual construction process often uses 3 to 4 sections of arc-shaped I-beams to assemble inside the shaft to form a closed circular steel support structure. However, the circular steel support structure of the conventional assembly process inevitably has a certain structural gap with the shaft wall, which leaves an unfavorable space for the loosening and deformation of the surrounding rock of the shaft wall. At the same time, because the initial support of the shaft is a circular support structure constructed layer by layer from top to bottom, the circular steel supports that are not closely attached to the shaft wall may slide downward under their own weight and the disturbance caused by the excavation of the surrounding rock below, posing a certain risk of structural instability and damage. In addition, due to the top-down layer-by-layer construction process, the circular steel supports are suspended at the bottom during the assembly process inside the shaft, requiring the use of relevant auxiliary measures to provide an effective footing for the circular steel support structure. Currently, on-site construction typically involves driving multiple cantilever anchor bars deep into the surrounding rock at the location where the circular steel supports are to be installed. These bars then form a temporary, simple support platform for the circular steel support structure. However, the construction of these cantilever anchor bars is time-consuming, and the effectiveness of the cantilever anchoring is closely linked to the quality of the construction and the stability of the surrounding rock. Poor cantilever anchoring can lead to localized instability of the temporary, simple support platform, potentially creating the risk of the circular steel support structure collapsing from a height.

[0003] It can be seen that the circular steel support structure under the existing construction technology has relatively obvious defects in structural stress and installation process, and the entire support system has considerable room for improvement. In view of the above considerations, it is of great practical significance to study an adjustable steel support structure and suspension assembly method for shaft support. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable steel support structure for shaft support and a suspension assembly method, which can overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An adjustable steel support structure for shaft support includes several adjustable steel support units adapted to the inner contour of the shaft. The adjustable steel support units are arranged in multiple layers from top to bottom in the shaft, and adjacent layers are connected to each other via a suspension mechanism. The adjustable steel support units include several sections of arc-shaped I-beams, and adjacent sections of arc-shaped I-beams are connected via an adjustable distance joint structure to form a circular steel support that can expand and deform in diameter.

[0007] The aforementioned suspension mechanism includes a connecting screw, one end of which is provided with an enlarged steel pad, the other end is a screw segment and a limiting nut is threaded on the screw segment, and a plurality of web lifting holes are evenly distributed in a circle on the circular steel support. The connecting screw passes through the web lifting hole, and the two ends are respectively limited by the enlarged steel pad and the limiting nut, so that the upper and lower circular steel supports are connected to each other.

[0008] The aforementioned adjustable distance joint structure includes a limit steel support and a nut steel support respectively arranged at the connecting ends of adjacent arc-shaped I-beams. Both are provided with through holes corresponding to the positions of the nut screw holes. An adjusting screw assembly is installed in the through holes to connect the two adjacent arc-shaped I-beams to each other and adjust the closed or expanded state.

[0009] The above-mentioned adjusting screw assembly includes a high-strength screw with an enlarged end, and a ferrule is mounted on the high-strength screw. A first radial hole matching the thickness of the limiting steel support is opened on one end of the high-strength screw near the enlarged end, and a second radial hole corresponding to the position of the first radial hole is opened on the ferrule. Screw connecting steel bars are inserted in the two radial holes, and the high-strength screw passes through the through holes of the limiting steel support and the steel support with nut in turn, and is fixed to the limiting steel support by the ferrule.

[0010] A wedge-shaped slot formed by butting two half-cut grooves is provided on the opposite surfaces of the aforementioned limit steel support and the nut steel support, and a wedge-shaped steel pad is provided in the wedge-shaped slot.

[0011] The aforementioned circular steel support is composed of four sections of arc-shaped I-beams; the arc-shaped I-beam is an asymmetric arc-shaped I-beam, including a web with web lifting holes, a front wing plate on the front side and a rear wing plate on the rear side; the rear wing plate is wider than the front wing plate, and an anchor positioning hole for the construction system anchor rod is provided on the edge side of the rear wing plate that is wider than the front wing plate.

[0012] A suspension assembly method for shaft support, comprising the following steps:

[0013] s1. Excavation of the vertical shaft: First, complete the construction of the support structure of the vertical shaft mouth section, and then carry out the excavation of the vertical shaft body in a step-by-step manner according to the excavation construction of multiple sections. After the excavation construction of a section of the vertical shaft body is completed, the initial spraying of concrete on the surrounding rock surface is immediately carried out;

[0014] s2. Suspension platform construction: First, the initial layers of circular steel supports are erected using a temporary simple bracket platform. They are then deformed to ensure close contact with the shaft wall by expanding their diameters. The circular steel supports are then anchored to the shaft wall using system anchor rods. Subsequently, a suspension mechanism is set up to vertically connect and fix the circular steel supports at each layer, and shotcrete re-spraying is carried out.

[0015] S3: Use the suspended assembly method to construct circular steel supports layer by layer from top to bottom: Based on the suspension platform, the adjacent lower circular steel supports are suspended and assembled. The diameter expansion and deformation method is used to ensure the close contact between the circular steel supports and the shaft wall. The system anchor rods are then used to further anchor the circular steel supports. The circular steel supports of this layer are then used as the suspension platform to construct the adjacent lower layer. This process is repeated until all the support units of each layer in the excavation section are completed.

[0016] s4. Carry out shotcrete re-spraying construction to complete all construction of the initial support of this section, and then carry out excavation construction of the next section of the shaft.

[0017] The aforementioned suspension assembly method specifically includes:

[0018] First, a temporary simple bracket platform is used to erect and expand the diameter of the top two to three layers of circular steel supports, ensuring that they are in close contact with the shaft wall and anchored with system anchor rods. A suspension mechanism is then set up to connect the circular steel supports of each layer into one, and sprayed concrete is then sprayed again.

[0019] Secondly, the upper circular steel support that has been firmly connected to the shaft wall is used as a construction suspension platform for the lower unit to be installed, and the lower curved I-beam is suspended and staggered assembled.

[0020] The suspension and staggered assembly effects of the upper and lower circular steel supports are achieved through a suspension mechanism staggered in a plum blossom shape.

[0021] The aforementioned diameter expansion and deformation construction methods specifically include:

[0022] First, multiple segments of curved I-beams from the same ring are hoisted into the shaft and connected to the already firmly installed upper circular steel supports via a suspension mechanism. Adjacent I-beams are then connected to each other via adjustable joints to form a circular steel support that matches the shaft's inner contour. The circular steel support is closed, leaving space between it and the shaft wall for easy installation.

[0023] Afterwards, the adjustable distance joint structure is adjusted to the expanded state, so that the circular steel support and the shaft wall are in close contact and in a mutually squeezed force effect;

[0024] Finally, wedge-shaped steel pads are used to expand and reinforce the adjustable distance joint structure.

[0025] The specific method of constructing the above-mentioned adjustable distance joint includes:

[0026] First, the closing state: After the clamping sleeve is fixedly connected to the steel bar and the high-strength screw through the screw rod, the high-strength screw rod is rotated forward to continuously shorten the distance between the limit steel support and the steel support with nut until the limit steel support, the clamping sleeve and the steel support with nut are tightly attached to each other;

[0027] Afterwards, in the expansion state, the distance between the limited steel support and the steel support with nut is continuously increased by rotating the high-strength screw in the opposite direction, until the circular steel support is in close contact with the shaft wall or even squeezes the shaft wall outward to form an extrusion force;

[0028] Finally, expand and reinforce: insert the wedge-shaped steel pad into the wedge-shaped slot opposite to the limit steel support and the steel support with nut, and knock the wedge-shaped steel pad until it is stuck inside the wedge-shaped slot.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses an adjustable steel support structure and suspension assembly method for shaft support, which includes a plurality of adjustable steel support units adapted to the inner contour of the shaft. The adjustable steel support units are arranged in multiple layers from top to bottom in the shaft, and adjacent layers are connected to each other through a suspension mechanism. The adjustable steel support units include a plurality of sections of arc-shaped I-beams, and adjacent sections of arc-shaped I-beams are connected by an adjustable distance joint structure to form a circular steel support capable of diameter expansion and deformation. First, the adjustable distance joint structure can realize a small range of diameter expansion and deformation of the circular steel support, thereby effectively eliminating the gap between the assembled circular steel support and the shaft wall, ensuring that the circular steel support is in close contact with the shaft wall and providing a certain reaction force, which can greatly improve the stability of the shaft wall and the vertical anti-slip ability of the circular steel support itself. At the same time, the upper and lower circular steel supports are suspended and connected through the suspension mechanism, and then the upper circular steel support that has been firmly connected to the shaft wall is used as a construction suspension platform for the lower circular steel support to be installed. The suspended assembly and staggered assembly effects of the shaft circular steel support can be achieved, thereby greatly improving the installation process of the shaft circular steel support and being suitable for the shaft structure support system.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] (1) The present invention provides multiple layers of assembled circular steel supports that can expand and deform in a small range. Through the small range of expansion and deformation of the assembled circular steel supports, the gap between the circular steel supports and the shaft wall can be effectively eliminated, thereby ensuring that the circular steel supports are in close contact with the shaft wall and providing a certain reaction force, which can greatly improve the stability of the shaft wall;

[0032] (2) The circular steel support is assembled and expanded through an adjustable joint structure. The adjustable joint structure is simple and reliable, easy and quick to operate, and does not require the use of large equipment. The expansion and deformation can be adjusted by rotating the adjustable high-strength bolts with a wrench. It is suitable for shaft construction environments with narrow spaces and relatively harsh conditions, and has good economy and strong operability.

[0033] (3) The circular steel support fully considers the stress characteristics of compression after diameter expansion deformation. The anti-extrusion ability of the steel frame joint after diameter expansion is ensured by inserting wedge-shaped steel pads in the gap of the steel frame joint. The anti-bending ability of the steel frame joint is ensured by the adjustable high-strength bolts arranged at the four corners of the steel frame joint pads. The structural stress reliability is high.

[0034] (4) The circular steel support adopts an asymmetric arc-shaped I-steel structure. The enlarged rear wing plate provides the necessary positioning anchor holes for the anchor connection between the system anchor rod and the circular steel support, thereby achieving the construction effect of anchoring the circular steel support to the shaft wall through the system anchor rod. On the other hand, the enlarged rear wing plate also increases the contact area between the circular steel support and the shaft wall, which is conducive to alleviating the stress concentration phenomenon between the circular steel support and the shaft wall surrounding rock;

[0035] (5) The circular steel supports arranged in multiple layers are constructed by the method of suspension assembly, which can achieve the effect of suspension assembly and staggered assembly of the circular steel supports of the shaft. Specifically, the circular steel supports that have been firmly connected to the shaft wall are used as the construction suspension platform for the circular steel supports to be installed in the lower layer. The upper and lower circular steel supports are suspended and connected by a suspension mechanism arranged in a plum blossom shape, thereby achieving the effect of suspension assembly and staggered assembly of the circular steel supports of the shaft. Compared with the existing lifting assembly process using cantilever anchor steel bars and manual cooperation, the suspension assembly process can greatly simplify the construction process, effectively shorten the construction time, and greatly improve the construction safety. At the same time, the suspension mechanism can be used as a vertical connecting bar to strengthen the vertical connection stiffness of the upper and lower circular arc steel supports.

[0036] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a top view of the circular steel support in the closed state of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a top view of the circular steel support in the expanded state of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the suspension mechanism.

[0042] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the suspension structure.

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustable distance joint in the closed state.

[0044] Figure 7 It is a top view of the adjustable distance joint in the closed state.

[0045] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustable distance joint in the expanded state.

[0046] Figure 9 It is a top view of the adjustable distance joint in the extended state.

[0047] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the wedge-shaped steel pad in the installed state.

[0048] Figure 11 This is a top view of the wedge-shaped steel pad installed.

[0049] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of adjustable distance high-strength bolts.

[0050] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of a horizontally operated forward and reverse electric wrench. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] like Figures 1-13 As shown,

[0053] An adjustable steel support structure for shaft support includes several adjustable steel support units adapted to the inner contour of the shaft 1. The adjustable steel support units are arranged in multiple layers from top to bottom in the shaft 1, and adjacent layers are connected to each other via a suspension mechanism 4. The adjustable steel support units include several sections of arc-shaped I-beams 2, and adjacent sections of arc-shaped I-beams 2 are connected via an adjustable distance joint structure 3 to form a circular steel support capable of expanding and deforming.

[0054] The suspension mechanism 4 includes a connecting screw 4.2, one end of which is provided with an enlarged steel pad 4.1, and the other end is a screw segment with a limit nut 4.3 screwed on the screw segment. A plurality of web hoisting holes 2.4 are evenly distributed in an annular pattern on the circular steel support. The connecting screw passes through the web hoisting hole, and the two ends are respectively limited by the enlarged steel pad 4.1 and the limit nut 4.3. The lower layer of the arc-shaped I-beam can be lifted and hung under the upper layer of the circular steel support that has been expanded and deformed, and the upper layer of the circular steel support can be used as a support to realize the suspension assembly of the lower layer of the circular steel support.

[0055] The circular steel support is constructed by splicing together four segments of curved I-beams 2. These asymmetric curved I-beams comprise a front wing 2.1, a web 2.2, a rear wing 2.3, and web mounting holes 2.4. The rear wing 2.3 is wider than the front wing 2.1, and its edge, wider than the front wing 2.1, is provided with rear wing anchor positioning holes 2.5, serving as positioning and connection holes for subsequent system anchor 5 construction. The web mounting holes 2.4 are located on the web 2.2. Each segment of the asymmetric curved I-beam has an arc of 90 degrees and is provided with four web mounting holes, distributed at angles of 11.25, 22.5, 22.5, 22.5, and 11.25 degrees, ensuring a uniform annular distribution of the web mounting holes on the spliced ​​circular steel support. When connecting the upper and lower circular steel supports, the two middle web lifting holes are connected to the lower steel support, and the two web lifting holes at the ends are connected to the upper steel support.

[0056] The adjustable distance joint structure 3 includes a limit steel support 3.1 and a nut steel support 3.2 respectively arranged at the connecting ends of adjacent arc-shaped I-beams 2. Both are provided with through holes corresponding to the screw holes of the nuts. An adjusting screw assembly is installed in the through holes to connect the two adjacent arc-shaped I-beams 2 to each other and adjust the closed or expanded state.

[0057] The adjusting screw assembly includes a high-strength screw 3.3 with an enlarged end, and a clamping sleeve 3.4 is mounted on the high-strength screw 3.3. A first radial hole matching the thickness of the limiting steel support 3.1 is opened on one end of the high-strength screw 3.3 near the enlarged end, and a second radial hole corresponding to the position of the first radial hole is opened on the clamping sleeve 3.4. Screw connecting steel bars 3.5 are inserted into the two radial holes. The high-strength screw 3.3 passes through the through holes of the limiting steel support 3.1 and the nut-shaped steel support 3.2 in turn, and is fixed to the limiting steel support 3.1 by the clamping sleeve 3.4.

[0058] On the opposite surfaces of the limiting steel support 3.1 and the nut steel support 3.2, there is a wedge-shaped groove formed by two half-cut grooves butted together, and a wedge-shaped steel pad 3.6 adapted thereto is provided in the wedge-shaped groove.

[0059] Specifically, the limiting steel support 3.1 is welded to one end of the arc-shaped I-beam 2, and the nut-shaped steel support 3.2 is welded to the other end of the arc-shaped I-beam 2. The high-strength screw 3.3 is a threaded front section and a smooth rear section. Its tensile strength should meet the structural tensile performance requirements. A first radial hole is opened in the middle of the rear section of the high-strength screw 3.3, and its opening position should match the thickness of the limiting steel support 3.1. A sleeve 3.4 is fixed at the first radial hole through a screw-connected steel bar 3.5 to ensure that the high-strength screw 3.3 clamps the limiting steel support 3.1 through the enlarged end and the sleeve 3.4; the screw-connected steel bar 3.5 is similar to a pin structure and can be inserted or pulled out. When inserted, the high-strength screw 3.3, the sleeve 3.4 and the screw-connected steel bar 3.5 can be fixed as a whole, and the limiting steel support 3.1 is stuck between the enlarged end of the high-strength screw 3.3 and the clamping sleeve 3.4; by rotating the high-strength screw 3.3 forward, the distance between the limited steel support 3.1 and the steel support with nut 3.2 can be continuously shortened until the limited steel support 3.1, the clamping sleeve 3.4 and the steel support with nut 3.2 are tightly attached to each other, and this is the closed state of the adjustable distance joint structure 3; and since the clamping sleeve 3.4 is fixedly connected to the high-strength screw 3.3 through the screw connecting steel bar 3.5, the high-strength screw 3.3 and the limited steel support 3.1 are constrained. At this time, by rotating the high-strength screw 3.3 in the opposite direction with a wrench, the distance between the limited steel support 3.1 and the steel support with nut 3.2 can be continuously increased until the circular steel support is tightly attached to the wall of the shaft 1 or even squeezes the wall of the shaft 1 outward, and this is the expanded state of the adjustable distance joint structure 3. When the adjustable distance joint structure 3 is in the expanded state, the wedge-shaped steel pad 3.6 is inserted into the wedge-shaped slot opposite to the limit steel support 3.1 and the nut steel support 3.2, and then the wedge-shaped steel pad 3.6 is hit with a small hammer to make it stuck inside the wedge-shaped slot, thereby realizing support reinforcement in the expanded state.

[0060] It also includes a horizontally operated forward and reverse electric wrench 6, which includes a hand-held handle 6.3, on which a motor forward and reverse switch button 6.4 is provided; a forward and reverse motor compartment 6.1 is provided at one end of the hand-held handle 6.3, and a battery compartment 6.5 circuit-connected to the forward and reverse motor compartment 6.1 is provided at the other end; a forward and reverse wrench drill bit 6.2 adapted to the high-strength screw 3.3 on the adjustable-pitch joint structure 3 is provided on the forward and reverse motor compartment 6.1, and the forward and reverse wrench drill bit 6.2 is arranged at a 90-degree angle to the motor forward and reverse switch button 6.4, so that workers can tighten or loosen horizontally arranged bolts by holding the horizontally operated forward and reverse electric wrench 6; the forward and reverse wrench drill bit 6.5 is controlled to rotate forward or reverse by the motor forward and reverse switch button 6.4, so that the adjustable-pitch joint structure 3 can be conveniently operated in a closed state or an extended state.

[0061] A suspension assembly method for shaft support, comprising the following steps:

[0062] s1. Shaft excavation: First, complete the support structure construction of the wellhead section of Shaft 1, and then excavate the shaft of Shaft 1 step by step in multiple excavation sections. After completing the excavation of a section of Shaft 1, immediately carry out the initial shotcrete spraying of the surrounding rock surface;

[0063] s2. Suspension platform construction: First, the initial layers of circular steel supports are erected using a temporary, simple bracket platform. These are deformed by expanding their diameters to ensure close contact with the shaft wall. System anchor bolts 5 are then installed in the wing plate anchor bolt positioning holes 2.5 to anchor the circular steel supports to the shaft wall. Suspension mechanisms 4 are then installed to vertically connect and secure the various layers of circular steel supports, and shotcrete re-spraying is then carried out.

[0064] S3: Use the suspended assembly method to construct circular steel supports layer by layer from top to bottom: With the suspension platform as the support, the adjacent lower circular steel supports are suspended and assembled, and the diameter expansion deformation method is used to ensure the close contact between the circular steel supports and the shaft wall, and the system anchor rod 5 is constructed to further anchor the circular steel supports; then, the adjacent lower layer is constructed using the circular steel supports of this layer as the suspension platform, and so on, until all the support units of each layer in the excavation section are completed;

[0065] s4. Carry out the construction of initial support structures such as shotcrete re-spraying, and then carry out the excavation construction of the next section of shaft 1.

[0066] The suspension assembly method is preferably:

[0067] First, the top two to three layers of circular steel supports are erected using a temporary, simple bracket platform and a diameter expansion and deformation construction method to ensure they are in close contact with the shaft wall. System anchor rods 5 are then used to anchor them completely to the shaft wall. A suspension mechanism 4 is then installed to connect the circular steel supports of each layer into one, and shotcrete re-spraying is then carried out.

[0068] Specifically, multiple sections of curved I-beams 2 of the same ring are hoisted into the interior of the vertical shaft 1 by conventional hoisting methods, and two adjacent sections of curved I-beams 2 are connected by an adjustable-distance joint structure 3 to be assembled into a circular steel support adapted to the inner contour of the well body. Through the small-scale diameter expansion deformation of the adjustable-distance joint structure 3, the gap between the assembled circular steel support and the inner wall of the well body can be effectively eliminated, ensuring that the circular steel support and the inner wall of the well body are closely attached and firmly connected; thereafter, the system anchor rod 5 is constructed through the anchor rod positioning hole 2.5 of the rear wing plate of the curved I-beam, so that the system anchor rod 5 is screwed onto the circular steel support, thereby anchoring the curved I-beam 2 to the well wall;

[0069] Secondly, the upper circular steel support that has been firmly connected to the wall of the shaft 1 is used as a construction suspension platform for the lower unit to be installed, and the lower curved I-beam 2 is suspended and staggered assembled.

[0070] During the construction process, the web hoisting hole 2.4 on the circular steel support is appropriately enlarged, and when the lower circular steel support is suspended, the limit nut 4.3 of the suspension mechanism 4 is in a loose state, which is convenient for the diameter expansion and deformation construction of the lower circular steel support. The limit nut 4.3 can be tightened only after the lower circular steel support is in close contact with the inner wall of the wellbore.

[0071] Preferably, the suspension mechanisms 4 arranged in a staggered plum blossom shape can achieve the effects of suspension assembly and staggered assembly of the upper and lower circular steel supports in the shaft 1, thereby greatly improving the installation process of the circular steel supports.

[0072] More preferably, the lower arc-shaped I-beam 2 is suspended under the upper section of the arc-shaped steel support that has been firmly fixed by using the suspension mechanism 4, and the relative positions of the upper and lower arc-shaped I-beams 2 are staggered by 45 degrees to achieve the staggered assembly effect of the steel frame joint.

[0073] The diameter expansion and deformation construction method specifically includes:

[0074] (1) Multiple segments of arc-shaped I-beams 2 of the same ring are hoisted into the interior of the shaft 1 and are suspended and connected to the upper circular steel support that has been firmly installed through the suspension mechanism (4); thereafter, adjacent segments of I-beams are connected to each other through the adjustable distance joint structure 3 to assemble into a circular steel support that is adapted to the inner contour of the shaft, and the circular steel support is in a closed state, leaving an installation space between it and the shaft wall that is convenient for operation;

[0075] (2) Adjust the adjustable distance joint structure 3 to the expanded state to achieve close contact between the circular steel support and the wall of the shaft 1 and form a mutual squeezing force effect;

[0076] (3) The wedge-shaped steel pad 3.6 is used to extend and reinforce the adjustable distance joint structure 3.

[0077] The specific method of the adjustable distance joint structure 3 includes:

[0078] (1) Closing state: After the clamping sleeve 3.4 is fixedly connected to the steel bar 3.5 and the high-strength screw 3.3 through the screw, the high-strength screw 3.3 is rotated forward by the horizontally operated forward and reverse electric wrench 6 to continuously shorten the distance between the limit steel support 3.1 and the nut steel support 3.2 until the limit steel support 3.1, the clamping sleeve 3.4 and the nut steel support 3.2 are in close contact with each other;

[0079] (2) Expansion state: By rotating the high-strength screw 3.3 in the opposite direction by the horizontally operated forward and reverse electric wrench 6, the distance between the limit steel support 3.1 and the nut steel support 3.2 can be continuously increased until the circular steel support is in close contact with the wall of the shaft 1 or even squeezes the wall of the shaft 1 outward to form an extrusion force;

[0080] (3) Expansion reinforcement: Insert the wedge-shaped steel pad 3.6 into the wedge-shaped slot opposite to the limit steel support 3.1 and the nut steel support 3.2, and strike the wedge-shaped steel pad 3.6 until it is stuck inside the wedge-shaped slot.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of confidentiality restriction on the present invention. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiment that does not deviate from the content of the technical solution of the present invention and is based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable steel support structure for shaft support, characterized by: The invention comprises a plurality of adjustable steel support units adapted to the inner contour of a shaft (1), wherein the adjustable steel support units are arranged in multiple layers from top to bottom in the shaft (1), and adjacent layers are connected to each other via a suspension mechanism (4); the adjustable steel support units comprise a plurality of arc-shaped I-beams (2), and adjacent two arc-shaped I-beams (2) are connected via an adjustable distance joint structure (3), thereby forming a circular steel support capable of expanding and deforming in diameter; The adjustable distance joint structure (3) comprises a limit steel support (3.1) and a nut steel support (3.2) respectively arranged at the connecting ends of adjacent arc-shaped I-beams (2), both of which are provided with a through hole corresponding to the position of the nut screw hole, and an adjusting screw assembly is installed in the through hole to connect the two adjacent arc-shaped I-beams (2) and adjust the closing or expansion state; The adjusting screw assembly comprises a high-strength screw (3.3) with an enlarged end, a ferrule (3.4) is mounted on the high-strength screw (3.3), a first radial hole matching the thickness of the position-limiting steel support (3.1) is provided on one end of the high-strength screw (3.3) near the enlarged end, a second radial hole corresponding to the position of the first radial hole is provided on the ferrule (3.4), screw connecting steel bars (3.5) are inserted into the two radial holes, and the high-strength screw (3.3) passes through the position-limiting steel support (3.1) in sequence. 3.1) and the through hole of the nut steel support (3.2), and fixed on the limit steel support (3.1) by the clamping sleeve (3.4); A wedge-shaped slot formed by butting and assembling two half-cut grooves is provided on the opposing surfaces of the limit steel support (3.1) and the nut-shaped steel support (3.2), and a wedge-shaped steel pad (3.6) adapted thereto is provided in the wedge-shaped slot.

2. The adjustable steel support structure for shaft support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension mechanism (4) includes a connecting screw (4.2), one end of which is provided with an enlarged steel pad (4.1), and the other end is a screw segment with a limit nut (4.3) screwed on the screw segment. A plurality of web hoisting holes (2.4) are evenly distributed in an annular pattern on the circular steel support. The suspension mechanism (4) passes through the web hoisting holes (2.4), and the two ends are respectively limited by the enlarged steel pad (4.1) and the limit nut (4.3), so that the upper and lower circular steel supports are connected to each other.

3. The adjustable steel support structure for shaft support according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The circular steel support is formed by splicing four sections of arc-shaped I-beams (2); the arc-shaped I-beam (2) is an asymmetric arc-shaped I-beam, comprising a web (2.2) provided with web hoisting holes (2.4), a front wing plate (2.1) provided on the front side thereof, and a rear wing plate (2.3) provided on the rear side thereof; the rear wing plate (2.3) is larger in width than the front wing plate (2.1), and an anchor rod positioning hole (2.5) for a construction system anchor rod (5) is provided on the edge side of the rear wing plate that is wider than the front wing plate (2.1).

4. A method for suspending and assembling the adjustable steel support structure for shaft support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: s1. Excavation of the vertical shaft: First, the support structure construction of the wellhead section of the vertical shaft (1) is completed, and then the excavation construction of the shaft (1) is carried out in a step-by-step manner according to the excavation construction of multiple sections. After the excavation construction of a section of the shaft (1) is completed, the initial spraying construction of the surrounding rock surface shotcrete is immediately carried out; s2. Construction of the suspension platform: First, the initial layers of circular steel supports are erected with the help of a temporary simple bracket platform, and they are ensured to be in close contact with the shaft wall by means of diameter expansion deformation, and then the circular steel supports are anchored to the shaft wall by means of system anchor rods (5); then, a suspension mechanism (4) is set up to vertically connect and fix the circular steel supports of each layer, and the sprayed concrete re-spraying construction is carried out; S3: Use the suspension assembly method to construct circular steel supports layer by layer from top to bottom: Based on the suspension platform, the adjacent lower circular steel supports are suspended and assembled, and the diameter expansion deformation method is used to ensure the close contact between the circular steel supports and the shaft wall, and the system anchor rods (5) are constructed to further anchor the circular steel supports; then, the adjacent lower layer is constructed using the circular steel supports of this layer as the suspension platform, and so on, until all the support units of each layer in the excavation section are completed; s4. Carry out the sprayed concrete re-spraying construction work to complete all the construction of the initial support of the section, and then carry out the excavation construction of the next section of the shaft (1).

5. The suspension assembly method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The suspension assembly method further comprises: Using a temporary simple bracket platform, the top two to three layers of circular steel supports are erected and expanded, ensuring that they are in close contact with the shaft wall and anchored with system anchor rods (5). A suspension mechanism (4) is then set up to connect the circular steel supports of each layer into one, and sprayed concrete is sprayed again. The upper circular steel support that is firmly connected to the wall of the vertical shaft (1) is used as a construction suspension platform for the lower unit to be installed, and the lower arc-shaped I-beam (2) is suspended and staggered. The suspension mechanism (4) arranged in a staggered manner in a plum blossom shape is used to achieve the suspension and staggered assembly effect of the upper and lower circular steel supports.

6. The suspension assembly method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter expansion and deformation construction method specifically includes: First, multiple segments of arc-shaped I-beams (2) of the same ring are hoisted into the interior of the vertical shaft (1) and are suspended and connected to the upper circular steel support that has been firmly installed through a suspension mechanism (4); thereafter, adjacent segments of I-beams are connected to each other through an adjustable distance joint structure (3) to form a circular steel support that is adapted to the inner contour of the shaft, and the circular steel support is in a closed state, leaving a space between it and the shaft wall for easy operation; Thereafter, the adjustable distance joint structure (3) is adjusted to an expanded state, so that the circular steel support and the shaft (1) wall are in close contact and in a mutually squeezed force effect; Finally, wedge-shaped steel spacers (3.6) are used to extend and reinforce the adjustable distance joint structure (3).

7. The suspension assembly method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific method of using the adjustable distance joint structure (3) includes: First, in the closed state: after the clamping sleeve (3.4) is fixedly connected to the high-strength screw (3.3) through the screw connecting steel bar (3.5), the high-strength screw (3.3) is rotated in the forward direction to continuously shorten the distance between the limit steel support (3.1) and the nut steel support (3.2) until the limit steel support (3.1), the clamping sleeve (3.4) and the nut steel support (3.2) are in close contact with each other; Then, in the expansion state: by rotating the high-strength screw (3.3) in the opposite direction, the distance between the limit steel support (3.1) and the nut steel support (3.2) is continuously increased until the circular steel support is in close contact with the wall of the shaft (1) or even squeezes the wall outward to form an extrusion force; Finally, expand and reinforce: insert the wedge-shaped steel pad (3.6) into the wedge-shaped slot opposite to the limit steel support (3.1) and the nut steel support (3.2), and knock the wedge-shaped steel pad (3.6) until it is stuck inside the wedge-shaped slot.

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