Current sense resistor

Abstract

The invention relates to a current sense resistor (1) for measuring an electrical current (I), the current sense resistor (1) comprising two connection parts (2, 3), a resistor element (4), a pair of voltage sense contacts (8-19) for measuring a voltage drop across the resistor element (4) and at least one cutout (20) in at least one of the connection parts (2, 3), the cutout (20) enclosing one of the voltage sense contacts (8-19) and preventing a current flow through the cutout (20). The invention provides for a plurality of pairs of voltage sense contacts (8-19) arranged in series along the direction of the current flow.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a current-sense resistor for measuring a current according to a four-wire technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] Such a current-sense resistor is principally known from WO 2012 / 019784 Al. This known current-sense resistor mainly comprises a plate-shaped resistor element made of a resistor alloy, for example ) and two likewise plate-shaped connection parts made of a conductor material, for example copper, which are welded to the resistor element on opposite sides of the resistor element. The current to be measured is introduced into the current-sense resistor and output from the current-sense resistor via the two connection parts, so that the current to be measured flows through the resistor element of the current-sense resistor. In the two connection parts at the border to the resistor element, two voltage-sense contacts are installed in order to measure the voltage drop across the resistor element. Then, according to Ohm's law, the measured voltage drop corresponds to the current flowing through the current-sense resistor. Furthermore, the known current-sense resistor has two arc-shaped cutouts in the connection parts, which arc-shaped cutouts surround the voltage-sense contacts in an arc shape, also called current shadows. These current shadows improve the temperature dependency of the measurement. However, the above-mentioned known current-sense resistor is not optimal with regard to the measurement accuracy. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present invention is based on the task of creating a correspondingly improved current-sense resistor.

[0004] The task is solved by a current-sense resistor according to the main claim.

[0005] The present invention comprises the general technical teaching of not only providing one pair of voltage-sense contacts, but also providing multiple pairs of voltage-sense contacts, which are arranged one after the other in the direction of the current flow and which can form multiple measurement channels. This can significantly improve the measurement accuracy of the current-sense resistor. Thus, the multiple pairs of voltage-sense contacts have already been able to physically realize multiple redundancies in the voltage measurement and the current measurement verification.

[0006] First of all, according to the known current-sense resistor described at the beginning, the current-sense resistor according to the present invention has a first connection part composed of a conductor material, for example copper, a copper alloy, and for introducing the current to be measured into the current-sense resistor.

[0007] Furthermore, according to the known current-sense resistor described at the beginning, the current-sense resistor according to the present invention comprises a second connection part also composed of a conductor material, for example copper, a copper alloy, and for again leading the current to be measured out of the current-sense resistor.

[0008] Furthermore, according to the known current sense resistor starting to be described, the current sense resistor according to the application also has a resistor element consisting of a resistor material, for example ) arranged between two connection parts in the direction of current flow, such that the current to be measured flows through the resistor element.

[0009] Furthermore, according to the known current sense resistor starting to be described, the current sense resistor according to the application also has at least one cutout in at least one of the connection parts, which cutout surrounds one of the voltage sense contacts and prevents current from flowing through the cutout. Such a cutout is also referred to as a current shadow, and deforms the equipotential lines and the current flow field within the current sense resistor, which contributes to an improved measurement accuracy.

[0010] However, compared to the known current sense resistor starting to be described, the current sense resistor according to the application has a plurality of pairs of voltage sense contacts arranged in series in the direction of current flow and capable of voltage measurement at different measurement points of the current sense resistor. Thus, by using different pairs of voltage sense contacts for voltage measurement, a plurality of different measurement channels can be formed.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the cutout and the voltage sense contact surrounded by the cutout are arranged centrally in the connection part with respect to a position transverse to the direction of current flow. In this way, the current sense resistor according to the application also differs from the known current sense resistor starting to be described, in which the cutout starts from the side edge of the connection part, thus being arranged close to the edge, i.e. not centrally.

[0012] It should be mentioned here that the current sense resistor has a defined central axis parallel to the direction of current flow, while the connection part having the cutout has a defined width transverse to the direction of current flow. The voltage sense contact surrounded by the cutout preferably has an eccentricity with respect to the central axis of the current sense resistor of less than 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10% or even 5% of the width of the current sense resistor. The eccentricity in this sense is the lateral distance between the center of the voltage sense contact surrounded by the cutout and the central axis of the current sense resistor.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the cutout in the connection part has a defined width transverse to the direction of current flow, which width is preferably at most 60%, 50% or even at most 40% of the width of the connection part.

[0014] In the case of the known current-sense resistor described at the outset, the cutouts in the connecting parts (current shadow) are all arc-shaped, which can also be the case with the current-sense resistor according to the application. Preferably, however, the cutouts are U-shaped, with a base transverse to the current flow direction and legs parallel to the current flow direction and facing the resistor element. Thus, the base of the U-shaped cutout is located in the connecting part, while the legs face the resistor element. Alternatively, however, the cutouts can also be V-shaped.

[0015] Furthermore, it should be mentioned that the legs of the U- or V-shaped cutout, which are perpendicular to the current flow direction, preferably have a defined width, which is at least as large as the thickness of the resistor element and / or the thickness of the connecting part and / or the thickness of the entire current-sense resistor.

[0016] Furthermore, it should be mentioned that the base of the U-shaped cutout, which is parallel to the current flow direction, has a defined width, which is preferably also at least as large as the thickness of the resistor element and / or the thickness of the connecting part and / or the thickness of the entire current-sense resistor.

[0017] Thus, in the base and the legs of the U-shape, the cutout is at least as wide as the thickness of the resistor element and / or the thickness of the connecting part and / or the thickness of the entire current-sense resistor.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the legs of the U- or V-shaped cutout extend into the resistor element in the direction of the current flow and end in the resistor element. Thus, a portion of the leg of the cutout is located in the resistor element, while another portion of the leg of the cutout is located in the connecting part. The leg length of the cutout within the resistor element can be, for example, 6 mm, with a maximum deviation of ±3 mm, ±2 mm, ±1 mm, ±0.5 mm or even ±0.2 mm. Furthermore, it should be mentioned that the leg length of the cutout within the resistor element is preferably in the range of 10-90%, 20-80% or 30-70% of the length of the resistor element in the direction of the current flow.

[0019] Alternatively, however, it is within the scope of the application for the leg of the cutout to also end in the connecting part before the resistor element with respect to the direction of the current flow. In this case, the cutout is thus located entirely within the respective connecting part and does not extend into the resistor element. Here, the leg length of the cutout can be, for example, 4 mm, with a maximum deviation of ±2 mm, ±1 mm, ±0.5 mm or even ±0.2 mm. Furthermore, it should be mentioned here that the leg length can be in the range of 10-90%, 20-80% or 30-70% of the width of the current-sense resistor.

[0020] In another alternative, on the other hand, the leg of the cutout ends in the current flow direction just at the border between the resistor element and the connecting part.

[0021] As already briefly mentioned above, the cutout in the connecting part encloses the voltage sensing contact and acts as a current shadow. Thus, the cutout delimits a contact island in the remaining connecting part, whereby the contact island between the cutout and the resistor element preferably has an area of at least 4 mm 2 , 5 mm 2 , 6 mm 2 , 8 mm 2 or 10 mm 2 . Thus, the contact island is delimited by the cutout and by the resistor element.

[0022] Furthermore, it should be mentioned that preferably at least one cutout is arranged in each of the two connecting parts, which encloses a contact island for a voltage sensing contact. In this case, the cutouts are preferably located on opposite sides of the resistor element in pairs and preferably in the same lateral position with respect to the central axis of the current sensing resistor. However, alternatively, the cutouts can also be arranged offset in lateral direction on both opposite sides of the resistor element.

[0023] Furthermore, it is also possible within the scope of the present application to arrange a plurality of cutouts in at least one of the two connecting parts next to each other with respect to the current flow direction, each of which encloses a contact island for a voltage sensing contact. For example, two cutouts can be arranged in each of the two connecting parts, which are arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the current sensing resistor and with respect to the resistor element.

[0024] In a variant of the present application, the resistor element is divided in lateral direction into a first part and a second part, so that the current to be measured is divided into a first current path through the first part of the resistor element and a second current path through the second part of the resistor element. This division is achieved by means of a flow breaker, which prevents the current from flowing through the flow breaker, so that the two current paths extend on both sides of the flow breaker. For example, the flow breaker can consist of a die-cut section. It should be mentioned here that the flow breaker preferably extends in the current flow direction over the entire length of the resistor element and can also extend into the connecting parts.

[0025] In a variant of the present application, a plurality of voltage sensing contacts can be arranged one after the other in each of the two current paths and preferably one after the other in the current flow direction.

[0026] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that at least one pair of voltage sensing contacts engages two portions of the resistor element. For example, these voltage sensing contacts can be arranged directly on the resistor element. In one preferred embodiment, however, these voltage sensing contacts are arranged on the respective connection parts exactly at the border of the resistor element in order to measure the voltage drop between the two parts of the resistor element transverse to the current flow direction.

[0027] In a variant of the application with multiple parallel current paths, multiple voltage sensing contacts can also be arranged next to each other in two current paths with respect to the current flow direction. For example, the voltage sensing contacts in both current paths can each be arranged in a matrix of rows transverse to the current flow direction and tracks along the current flow direction.

[0028] It has already been briefly mentioned above that the conductor material can be, for example, copper or a copper alloy. Alternatively, however, the conductor material of the connection parts can also be aluminum or an aluminum alloy. With regard to the conductor material used, the application is not limited to these materials, however, but can also be implemented with other electrically conductive materials. It should be mentioned, however, that the conductor material of the connection parts should have a smaller specific resistance compared to the resistance material of the resistor element.

[0029] With regard to the resistance material of the resistor element, there are many possibilities within the scope of the application. For example, the resistance material can be a copper alloy, in particular a copper manganese tin alloy or a copper manganese nickel alloy or a copper chromium alloy. Another example of a basically suitable resistance material is a nickel alloy such as nickel chromium or copper nickel.

[0030] It has already been briefly mentioned above that the resistor element is arranged between and connected to two connection parts. For example, the connection can be a solder joint, for example a electron beam weld, as is known, for example, from EP 0 605 800 A1.

[0031] Preferably, the resistance material has a specific resistance of less than 2 · 10 -4 Ω · m, 2 · 10 -5 Ω · m or 2 · 10 -6 Ω · m.

[0032] Preferably, the resistance material has a specific resistance of more than 2 · 10 -6 Ω · m, 2 · 10 -7 Ω · m, while the specific resistance of the conductor material is preferably less than 10 -6 Ω · m or 10 -7 Ω · m.

[0033] In general, it should be mentioned that the current sensing resistor is preferably a low resistance with a resistance value of at most 1 μΩ, 10 μΩ, 50 μΩ, 100 μΩ, 500 μΩ, 10 mΩ, 5 mΩ, 2 mΩ or 1 mΩ.

[0034] Furthermore, it should be mentioned that the current-sense resistor can have a current-carrying capacity of at least 1 A, 10 A, 100 A, 1 kA or 5 kA, based on a continuous current load or a pulsed load.

[0035] With regard to the design of the current-sense resistor, it should be mentioned that the resistor element and / or the connecting parts can be plate-shaped, in particular as a flat plate.

[0036] With regard to the dimensions, it should be mentioned that the current-sense resistor can have a length in the direction of current flow of less than 30 cm, 20 cm or 10 cm, while the width is preferably less than 20 cm, 10 cm or 5 cm. On the other hand, the thickness of the current-sense resistor is preferably less than 10 mm, 5 mm or 4 mm.

[0037] Furthermore, it should be mentioned that both connecting parts can each have at least one current connection for introducing or outputting current, each current connection preferably having at least one hole in the respective connecting part, in particular two holes arranged next to each other with respect to the direction of current flow. Alternatively, the current connection can also consist of a connecting screw protruding at a right angle from the plate-shaped connecting part, as is known from EP 0 605 800 A1.

[0038] Preferably, the above-mentioned voltage-sense contacts each comprise a contact island consisting of a conductive coating on the respective connecting part. For example, each contact island can be essentially rectangular and comprise a coating of a different conductor material than the connecting part.

[0039] The contact islands can be arranged on the current-sense resistor in a matrix form with a plurality of rows, in particular four rows, perpendicular to the direction of current flow and a plurality of tracks, in particular three tracks, parallel to the direction of current flow.

[0040] Furthermore, it should be mentioned that the present application does not merely require the above-mentioned current-sense resistor according to the application to be protected as a single component. Rather, the present application also requires protection of a complete current measurement device comprising such a current-sense resistor and a voltage measurement device for voltage measurement at the voltage-sense contacts of the current-sense resistor and providing corresponding voltage measurement values, wherein the voltage measurement device can form a plurality of measurement channels. Furthermore, the current measurement device according to the application preferably also comprises an evaluation unit for calculating the current flowing through the current-sense resistor from the voltage measurement values. Here, the evaluation unit can weight the various voltage measurement values with weighting factors. Furthermore, within the scope of the present application, the evaluation unit can perform an automatic calibration, which is possible due to the multiple redundancies. In general, it should still be mentioned that the various voltage-sense contacts can form a Wheatstone measurement bridge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Further advantageous embodiments of the application are indicated in the dependent claims or explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings together with the description of preferred embodiments of the application.

[0042] Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a current sense resistor according to the application.

[0043] Figure 1 B A top view of a current sense resistor according to Figure 1 A is shown.

[0044] Figure 1 C A part of the enlarged Figure 1 B and a voltage diagram are shown.

[0045] Figure 2 A variant of Figure 1 B is shown, wherein there are two cutouts in the two connecting parts.

[0046] Figure 3 A variant of the embodiment according to Figures 1 A-1 C is shown, wherein there is a current breaker in the current sense resistor to divide the current flow into two parallel current paths.

[0047] Figure 4 A modification of Figure 3 is shown.

[0048] Figure 5 A variant of Figure 3 is shown.

[0049] Figure 6 Another variant of Figure 3 is shown.

[0050] Finally, Figure 7 a current measuring device with a current sense resistor according to the application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In the following, a first embodiment of a current sense resistor 1 according to the application will be described, as shown in Figures 1 A-1 C . The current sense resistor 1 mainly comprises two connecting parts 2, 3 made of a conductor material, for example copper, and a resistor material, for example ) made of a resistor element 4, which is arranged between the two connection parts 2, 3 in the direction of current flow, such that the current I to be measured is introduced into the current-sense resistor 1 via the connection part 2, then flows through the resistor element 4 and then is output again from the current-sense resistor 1 through the connection part 3. Thus, according to Ohm's law, the voltage drop across the resistor element 4 is a measure of the current I flowing through the current-sense resistor 1, which enables a current measurement according to the four-wire technique known per se.

[0052] For the introduction and output of the current, both connection parts 2, 3 have two current connections 5 and 6 in the form of holes, which are arranged on both sides of a central axis 7 of the current-sense resistor 1. The holes of the current connections 5 and 6 can be screwed onto the respective contact, as is known per se from the prior art.

[0053] The voltage measurement at the current-sense resistor 1 is performed by a plurality of voltage-sense contacts 8-19, which are arranged in a matrix of rows transverse to the direction of current flow and tracks in the direction of current flow on both connection parts 2, 3. The voltage-sense contacts 8-19 are each formed as a rectangular contact island consisting of a separate conductive coating applied to the respective connection part 2 and 3. The voltage-sense contacts 8-19 can be connected together in any pairing within the range of the voltage measurement, thus forming a plurality of voltage-measurement channels.

[0054] The voltage-sense contact 14 is surrounded by a U-shaped cutout 20. First, the U-shaped cutout 20 has a base within the connection part 2. In addition, the U-shaped cutout 20 has two legs extending in the direction of current flow and reaching into the resistor element 4, as can be seen in particular in Figure 1 C The legs of the U-shaped cutout 20 have a width b S perpendicular to the direction of current flow, while the base of the U-shaped cutout 20 has a width l S in the direction of current flow. In addition, it can be seen from Figure 1 C that the resistor element 4 has a width l RM in the direction of current flow. Finally, it can also be seen from Figure 1 C that the legs of the U-shaped cutout 20 within the resistor element 4 have a leg length d1.

[0055] For the above-mentioned quantities, the following dimension rules shall apply:

[0056] dl = 0,1 - 0,9 - l RM

[0057] l S ≥ h

[0058] b S ≥ h

[0059] The current sense resistor 1 has a length L = 80 mm along the current flow direction and a width B = 40 mm across the current flow direction, while the thickness h = 3 mm.

[0060] Figure 1 C The potential diagram in Fig. 2 qualitatively shows the relationship between the voltage measurement values of the different pairs of voltage sense contacts 8-19. The indices of the voltage values in the potential diagram correspond to the reference numerals of the respective voltage sense contacts. Thus, the voltage value U 1，2 denotes the voltage between the voltage sense contacts 1 and 2.

[0061] Figure 2 A modification of the embodiment example according to Figures 1 A-1 C is shown, so that, in order to avoid repetitions, reference is first made to the above description, in which identical reference numerals are used for corresponding details.

[0062] One particular feature of this embodiment example is that the current sense resistor 1 has two cutouts 20.1, 20.2 in the two connection parts 2 and 3, which are arranged on opposite sides of the resistor element 4, respectively.

[0063] Figure 3 A modification of the above-described embodiment is shown, so that, in order to avoid repetitions, reference is again made to the above description, in which identical reference numerals are used for corresponding details.

[0064] First of all, one particular feature of this embodiment example is that the two cutouts 20.1, 20.2 are not arranged on opposite sides of the resistor element 4, but on the same side of the resistor element 4, i.e. in the connection part 2.

[0065] A further particular feature of this embodiment example is that the current sense resistor 1 has a cutout 21 extending along the central axis 7 of the current sense resistor 1 over the entire length of the resistor element 4 and into the adjacent connection parts 2 and 3, respectively. The cutout 21 can for example consist of a protrusion and prevents the current from flowing through the cutout 21. Thus, the cutout 21 divides the current I into two current paths on both sides of the cutout 21.

[0066] Furthermore, it should be mentioned that in this embodiment example four additional voltage sense contacts 22-25 are provided. Thus, the voltage sense contacts 8-25 are arranged in a matrix of four rows and four tracks.

[0067] Figure 4 A modification of the embodiment example according to Figure 3 is shown, so that, in order to avoid repetitions, reference is made to the above description, in which identical reference numerals are used for corresponding details.

[0068] It should be mentioned here that the cutout 20.1 is arranged eccentrically with respect to the central axis 7 of the current-sense resistor and has a defined eccentricity e with respect to the central axis 7.

[0069] Figure 5 A further modification of the embodiment example according to the application is shown again, so that, in order to avoid repetition, reference is made again to the above description, identical reference signs being used for corresponding details. Figure 3

[0070] A particular feature of this embodiment example is that a total of four cutouts 20.1 - 20.4 are arranged in the current-sense resistor 1.

[0071] Figure 6 A modification of the embodiment example according to the application is shown again, so that, in order to avoid repetition, reference is made to the above description, identical reference signs being used for corresponding details. Figure 3

[0072] A particular feature of this embodiment example is that only one cutout 20 is present.

[0073] Figure 7 A complete current measurement device with a current measurement station 1 according to the application and a voltage measurement device 26 which measures the voltage at the pairs of voltage-sense contacts 8 - 19, thus providing a plurality of measurement channels, is shown.

[0074] The measured voltage values are then forwarded to an evaluation unit 27 which calculates the current I from the measured voltage values, whereby the evaluation unit 27 can also weight the individual measured voltage values individually, whereby also an automatic calibration is possible.

[0075] The application is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Rather, the application also allows a large number of variants and modifications which also utilize the concept of the application and thus fall within the scope of protection. In particular, the application also claims the subject matter and features of the dependent claims independently of the cited claims in each case, in particular also without the technical teaching of the main claim. The application thus comprises different aspects of the application which are protected independently of one another. For example, one independent aspect of the application is the division of the current into two parallel current paths by means of a current breaker which extends in the direction of current flow.

[0076] List of reference signs:

[0077] 1 current-sense resistor

[0078] 2, 3 connection part

[0079] 4 resistor element

[0080] ​​5, 6 Current connection (hole in connection part)

[0081] 7 Center axis of the current sense resistor

[0082] 8-19 Voltage sense contact

[0083] 20, 20.1-20.4 Cutout

[0084] 21 Interrupter in the current sense resistor

[0085] 22-25 Voltage sense contact

[0086] 26 Voltage measuring device

[0087] 27 Evaluation unit

[0088] B Width of the current sense resistor perpendicular to the current flow direction

[0089] b S Width of the leg of the cutout perpendicular to the current flow direction

[0090] d l Leg length of the leg of the cutout within the resistor element

[0091] e Eccentricity of the cutout

[0092] h Thickness of the current sense resistor

[0093] I Current

[0094] l RM Width of the resistor element along the current flow direction

[0095] l S Width of the base of the cutout along the current flow direction

[0096] L Length of the current sense resistor along the current flow direction

Claims

1. A current sensing resistor (1) for measuring current (I), comprising: a) a connecting component, the connecting component comprising: a first connecting member (2) made of a conductive material, for introducing a current (I) to be measured into the current sensing resistor (1); and a second connecting member (3) made of a conductive material for outputting the current (I) to be measured from the current sensing resistor (1), b) a resistor element (4) made of a resistor material, said resistor element (4) being arranged between said first connection part (2) and said second connection part (3) in the direction of current flow, so that the current (I) to be measured flows through said resistor element (4), c) at least one pair of voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) for measuring the voltage drop across the resistor element (4), said voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) each engaging one of said connection members (2, 3), and d) at least one cutout (20; 20.1-20.4) in at least one of the connection parts (2, 3), the cutout (20; 20.1-20.4) surrounding one of the voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) and preventing current from flowing through the cutout (20; 20.1-20.4), It is characterized in that e) a plurality of pairs of voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) are arranged one behind the other in the direction of current flow, and f) The cutout (20; 20.1-20.4) and the voltage sensing contact (14) surrounded by the cutout (20; 20.1-20.4) are centrally arranged in the connection component (2) with respect to a position transverse to the current flow direction.

2. The current sensing resistor (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a) the current sensing resistor (1) has a defined central axis (7) parallel to the direction of current flow, b) the connecting part (2) with the cutout (20.1) has a defined width (B) transverse to the direction of current flow, and c) The voltage sensing contact (10) surrounded by the cutout (20.1) has an eccentricity (e) with respect to the central axis (7) of the current sensing resistor (1) that is less than 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10% or 5% of the width (B) of the current sensing resistor (1).

3. The current sensing resistor (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a) the connection part with the cutout (20; 20.1-20.4) has a determined width (B) transverse to the direction of current flow, and b) The cutout (20; 20.1-20.4) in the connecting element extends transversely to the direction of current flow by at most 60%, 50% or 40% of the width (B) of the connecting element (2, 3).

4. The current sensing resistor (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a) the cutout (20; 20.1-20.4) is arcuate with a base transverse to the direction of current flow and legs parallel to the direction of current flow facing the resistor element (4), and / or b) The legs of the cutouts (20; 20.1-20.4) have a width (b) perpendicular to the direction of current flow. s ), the width (b s ) is at least as large as the thickness (h) of the resistor element (4), and / or c) The base of the cutout (20; 20.1-20.4) has a width (l) parallel to the direction of current flow. s ), the width (l s ) is at least as large as the thickness (h) of the resistor element (4).

5. The current sensing resistor (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that The cutout (20; 20.1-20.4) is U-shaped or V-shaped.

6. The current sensing resistor (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that a) the legs of the cutouts (20; 20.1-20.4) extend into the resistor element (4) in the direction of current flow and terminate in the resistor element (4), and / or b) the legs of the cutouts (20; 20.1-20.4) end in a connection part (2, 3) located before the resistor element (4) with respect to the direction of current flow, or c) The legs of the cutouts (20; 20.1-20.4) terminate in the direction of current flow at the boundary between the resistor element (4) and the connection parts (2, 3).

7. The current sensing resistor (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that The leg length (dl) of the leg of the cutout (20; 20.1-20.4) inside the resistor element (4) is a1) 6 mm with a maximum deviation of ±3 mm, ±2 mm, ±1 mm, ±0.5 mm or ±0.2 mm, and / or a2) The length (l) of the resistor element (4) along the direction of current flow RM ) 10%-90%, 20%-80% or 30%-70%; and / or The legs of the cutouts (20; 20.1-20.4) have a leg length of: b1) 4mm, with a maximum deviation of ±2mm, ±1mm, ±0.5mm or ±0.2mm, and / or b2) 10%-90%, 20%-80%, or 30％-70％。 8. The current sensing resistor (1) according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5-7, characterized in that: The cutouts (20; 20.1-20.4) in the connecting parts (2, 3) define contact islands, the contact islands between the cutouts (20; 20.1-20.4) and the resistor element (4) having a distance of at least 4 mm. 2 , 5mm 2 , 6mm 2 , 8mm 2 or 10mm 2 area.

9. The current sensing resistor (1) according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5-7, characterized in that: a) arranging at least one cutout (20.1-20.4) in each of the two connecting parts (2, 3), said cutout (20.1-20.4) surrounding a contact island for a voltage sensing contact (9, 10, 23, 24), and b) The cutouts (20.1-20.4) are arranged in pairs in the connection parts (2, 3) on opposite sides of the resistor element (4), i.e. at the same lateral position relative to the center axis (7) of the current sensing resistor (1).

10. The current sensing resistor (1) according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5-7, characterized in that: In at least one of the two connection parts (2, 3), a plurality of cutouts (20.1-20.4) are arranged adjacent to one another with respect to the current flow direction, each of which surrounds a contact island for a voltage sensing contact (9, 10, 23, 24).

11. The current sensing resistor (1) according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5-7, characterized in that: a) the resistor element (4) is divided into a first part and a second part, so that the current (I) to be measured is divided into a first current path through the first part of the resistor element (4) and a second current path through the second part of the resistor element (4), b) A current interrupter (21) is provided in the resistor element (4), the current interrupter (21) preventing current from flowing through the current interrupter (21) such that two current paths extend on both sides of the current interrupter (21).

12. The current sensing resistor (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that a) the current interrupter (21) extends over the entire length of the resistor element (4) in the direction of current flow, and / or b) The current interrupter (21) extends into the connecting parts (2, 3) along the current flow direction.

13. The current sensing resistor (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that a) in a first current path, a plurality of voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) are arranged one after the other in the current flow direction, b) in the second current path, a plurality of voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) are arranged one after another in the current flow direction, and c) A pair of voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) is engaged on two parts of the resistor element (4) to measure a voltage drop between the two parts of the resistor element (4) transverse to the direction of current flow.

14. The current sensing resistor (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that Pairs of voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) are incorporated into the connection part right at the boundaries of the resistor element (4).

15. The current sensing resistor (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that a) in a first current path, a plurality of voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) are arranged side by side transversely to the current flow direction, b) in the second current path, a plurality of voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) are arranged side by side transversely relative to the current flow direction, and c) A plurality of voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) are respectively arranged on two parts of the resistor element (4), ie arranged adjacent to each other transversely to the current flow direction.

16. The current sensing resistor (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that a) in a first current path, a plurality of voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) are arranged side by side transversely to the current flow direction, b) in the second current path, a plurality of voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) are arranged side by side transversely relative to the current flow direction, and c) A plurality of voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) are respectively arranged on two parts of the resistor element (4), ie arranged adjacent to each other transversely to the current flow direction.

17. The current sensing resistor (1) according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that A plurality of voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) are arranged in the connection part (2, 3) right at the boundary of the resistor element (4).

18. The current sensing resistor (1) according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5-7, 12-16, characterized in that a) The conductor material is copper, copper alloy, aluminum or aluminum alloy, and / or b) the conductor material of the connecting parts (2, 3) has a lower specific resistance than the resistive material of the resistor element (4), and / or c) the resistance material of the resistor element (4) is a copper alloy or a nickel alloy, and / or d) the resistor element (4) is electrically and mechanically connected to the two connection parts, and / or e) The resistance material has a value less than 2.10 -4 Ω·m、2·10 -5 Ω·m or 2·10 -6 Specific resistance of Ω·m, and / or f) The resistance material has a value greater than 2.10 -6 Ω·m、2·10 -7 Resistivity in Ω·m, and / or g) The conductor material has a thickness of less than 10 -6 Ω·m or 10 -7 Specific resistance of Ω·m, and / or h) The current sensing resistor (1) has a resistance of at most 1 μΩ, 10 μΩ, 50 μΩ, 100 μΩ, Low resistance with a resistance value of 500μΩ, 10mΩ, 5mΩ, 2mΩ or 1mΩ, and / or i) the current sensing resistor (1) has a current carrying capacity of at least 1A, 10A, 100A, 1kA or 5kA, and / or j) the resistor element (4) is plate-shaped, and / or k) The connecting parts (2, 3) are both plate-shaped, and / or l) the current sensing resistor (1) has a length (L) along the current flow direction of less than 30 cm, 20 cm or 10 cm, and / or m) the current sensing resistor (1) has a width (B) at right angles to the direction of current flow, The width (B) is less than 20 cm, 10 cm or 5 cm, and / or n) the current sensing resistor (1) has a thickness (h) of less than 10 mm, 5 mm or 4 mm, and / or o) the two connecting parts (2, 3) each have at least one current connection (5, 6) for introducing and discharging current, and / or p) each voltage sensing contact (8-19; 22-25) is a contact island consisting of a conductive coating on the corresponding connecting part (2, 3), and / or q) Each contact island is rectangular, and / or r) the coating of the contact island consists of a different conductor material than the connecting element (2, 3), and / or s) The contact islands on the current sensing resistor (1) are arranged in a matrix form with multiple rows at right angles to the current flow direction and multiple tracks parallel to the current flow direction.

19. The current sensing resistor (1) according to claim 18, characterized in that a) the resistance material of the resistor element (4) is a copper-manganese-tin alloy, a copper-manganese-nickel alloy or a copper-chromium alloy; and / or b) the resistor material of the resistor element (4) is CuMn12Ni2, CuMn7Sn2,3, Cu84Ni4Mn12, Cu65Mn25Ni10, NiCr or CuNi; and / or c) the resistor element (4) is connected to the two connection parts by a solder joint; and / or d) the resistor element (4) is connected to the two connection parts by electron beam welding; and / or e) the resistor element (4) is implemented as a flat plate; and / or f) the connecting parts (2, 3) are both flat plates; and / or g) each current connection (5, 6) of the two connection parts (2, 3) has at least one hole in the corresponding connection part (2, 3); and / or h) each current connection portion (5, 6) of the two connection components (2, 3) has two holes arranged adjacent to each other in the corresponding connection component (2, 3) with respect to the current flow direction; and / or i) The contact islands on the current sensing resistor (1) are arranged in a matrix form with four rows at right angles to the current flow direction and three rails parallel to the current flow direction.

20. A current measuring device comprising: a) A current sensing resistor (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, and b) a voltage measuring device (26) for performing voltage measurements at the voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) of the current sensing resistor (1) and determining corresponding voltage measurement values, and c) An evaluation unit (27) for determining the current (I) flowing through the current sensing resistor (1) based on the voltage measurement.

21. The current measuring device according to claim 20, characterized in that a) the voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) form a Wheatstone measuring bridge, and / or b) Voltage sensing contacts (8-19; 22-25) form multiple redundant current measurement channels.

Images