An intramedullary nail internal fixation removal device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of removing broken intramedullary nails, and discloses an intramedullary nail internal fixation removal device, comprising a main rod, a handle arranged at one end of the main rod, a plurality of evenly arranged elastic chucks arranged at one end of the main rod, and a clamping device for driving the elastic chucks to press against the intramedullary nail. The present application has the effect of strengthening the connection between the removal device and the intramedullary nail, and conveniently and quickly removing the broken intramedullary nail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of removing broken intramedullary nails, and in particular to an intramedullary nail internal fixation removal device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of intramedullary nail fixation technology, this technology has been widely used in the medical field. The so-called intramedullary fixation refers to the method of inserting an implant with good compatibility with the human body and a certain strength into the medullary cavity at the distal or proximal end of the bone to achieve the fixation of the fracture end. After the intramedullary nail fixation surgery, it is necessary to arrange the surgery to remove the intramedullary nail according to the patient's recovery.

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors of the present application discovered that there are at least the following technical problems in the process of realizing the technical solutions of the invention in the embodiments of the present application: Broken intramedullary nails are a very common situation. Once the intramedullary nail breaks, it often means that the broken bone cannot heal. The traditional removal method requires opening a hole in the bone at the distal end of the intramedullary nail, causing secondary injury to the patient and the possibility of recurrence of fractures. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides an intramedullary nail internal fixation removal device, which solves the problem that the traditional removal method in the prior art requires opening a hole in the bone distal to the intramedullary nail, causing secondary injury to the patient. It achieves the purpose of removing broken nails without opening a hole in the bone distal to the patient's intramedullary nail, thereby reducing secondary injury to the patient.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides an intramedullary nail internal fixation removal device, including a main rod and a handle arranged at one end of the main rod, one end of the main rod is provided with a plurality of evenly arranged elastic chucks, and the main rod is provided with a clamping device for driving the elastic chucks to press against the intramedullary nail.

[0006] Furthermore, the elastic chuck includes an elastic sheet arranged on the side wall of the main rod, and sharp teeth arranged on the end of the elastic sheet and pressed against the side wall of the intramedullary nail.

[0007] Furthermore, the side wall where the pointed teeth abut against the intramedullary nail is serrated.

[0008] Furthermore, the plurality of tines are distributed along a spiral line, and the hand direction of the tines is opposite to the hand direction of the intramedullary nail.

[0009] Furthermore, the clamping device includes a fixed sleeve mounted on the end of the main rod and a driving ring slidably connected to the fixed sleeve. The driving ring is mounted on the outside of multiple elastic clamps. One end of the driving ring is formed with a first inclined surface, and one side of the pointed teeth is formed with a second inclined surface that matches the first inclined surface. A driving device is provided on the main rod to drive the driving ring to slide.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving device includes a threaded sleeve arranged at one end of the driving ring, an intermediate gear ring arranged at one end of the driving ring, and a driving gear rotatably arranged on the main rod, the threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the main rod near the elastic clamp, and the intermediate gear ring is meshed with the driving gear.

[0011] Furthermore, a braking device is provided on the main rod, and the braking device includes a braking rod provided at one end of the driving gear and rotatably matched with the main rod, and an end of the braking rod passes through the main rod and extends to the inside of the handle.

[0012] Furthermore, the cross section of the handle is trapezoidal, and a gripping cavity with a similar cross section is formed inside the handle.

[0013] Furthermore, a lifting device is provided on the handle, and the lifting device includes a fixed plate arranged on the inner side of the handle, a first bevel gear arranged on the end of the brake rod, a second bevel gear rotatably arranged on one side of the fixed plate and meshing with the first bevel gear, and a roller arranged on one side of the second bevel gear. A grip is hinged on the inner side of the handle away from the main rod, a pull rope is fixed to one side of the grip, one end of the pull rope is wound around the roller, and a torsion spring connecting the first bevel gear and the inner side of the handle is sleeved on the brake rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the end of the main rod is provided with a socket that cooperates with the intramedullary nail, and the outer wall of the main rod is provided with a plurality of evenly arranged positioning holes, the tines correspond to the positioning holes one by one, and the tines pass through the positioning holes and abut against the outer wall of the intramedullary nail.

[0015] The technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0016] A plurality of umbrella-shaped elastic chucks are pressed against the outer wall of the intramedullary nail, and a mechanical tightening device is used to make the elastic chuck and the outer wall of the intramedullary nail press more firmly. Different forms of sharp teeth can be provided to increase the friction between the outer wall of the intramedullary nail, strengthen the connection between the removal device and the intramedullary nail, and conveniently and quickly remove broken intramedullary nails. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure in Example 1 of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixing sleeve in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixing sleeve in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixing sleeve in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0023] In the figure: 1. main rod; 11. socket; 12. positioning hole; 13. mounting groove; 14. lighting lamp; 15. receiving groove; 2. handle; 3. elastic chuck; 31. elastic sheet; 32. sharp teeth; 4. clamping device; 41. mounting sleeve; 42. fixing sleeve; 43. driving ring; 5. driving device; 51. threaded sleeve; 52. intermediate gear ring; 53. driving gear; 6. braking device; 61. braking rod; 7. pulling device; 71. fixing plate; 72. first bevel gear; 73. second bevel gear; 74. roller; 75. pull rope; 76. torsion spring; 77. grip; 8. intramedullary nail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0025] Embodiment 1

[0026] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2The embodiment of the present application discloses an intramedullary nail internal fixation removal device, comprising a main rod 1 and a handle 2. The main rod 1 is composed of two symmetrical half rods on the left and right sides, and the two half rods are fixedly connected by bolts. The handle 2 is fixedly installed at one end of the main rod 1. The cross section of the handle 2 is trapezoidal. For easy gripping, the narrower side of the handle 2 is fixedly connected to the main rod 1, and a gripping cavity with a similar cross section is formed inside the handle 2. A rubber sleeve that fits the human hand is fixedly installed on the inner side of the handle 2 away from the main rod 1. A plurality of uniformly arranged elastic chucks 3 are fixedly installed at the other end of the main rod 1. The elastic chuck 3 is made of titanium-nickel alloy and can clamp the distal hole of the intramedullary nail 8 by using the shape memory effect of the titanium-nickel alloy. The elastic chuck 3 includes an elastic sheet 31 and a sharp tooth 32. One end of the elastic sheet 31 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the main rod 1, and the other end of the elastic sheet 31 is a movable end. The sharp tooth 32 is integrally formed at one end of the elastic sheet 31, and the thickness of the sharp tooth 32 is greater than the thickness of the elastic sheet 31. Specifically, the elastic sheet 31 is a sleeve fixed to the outside of the main rod 1, and a plurality of uniform separation holes are formed at one end of the sleeve, which can strengthen the constraints between the plurality of elastic sheets 31, strengthen the clamping effect on the intramedullary nail 8, and facilitate the removal of the broken nail of the intramedullary nail 8. A plug hole 11 is provided at the end of the main rod 1 away from the handle 2, and a plurality of uniformly arranged positioning holes 12 are provided on the outer wall of the main rod 1. The sharp teeth 32 correspond to the positioning holes 12 one by one, and the sharp teeth 32 pass through the positioning holes 12 and abut against the outer wall of the intramedullary nail 8. In order to facilitate the insertion of the main rod 1 into the end of the broken nail, a mounting groove 13 is opened on the hole wall of the insertion hole 11, and a lighting lamp 14 is installed in the mounting groove 13, so that when the main rod 1 is fixed to the broken nail, the light beam of the lighting lamp 14 can be used to facilitate the removal of the nail.

[0027] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3In order to improve the clamping effect of the broken nail and efficiently remove the intramedullary nail 8, a clamping device 4 is installed on the main rod 1. The clamping device 4 includes a mounting sleeve 41, a fixing sleeve 42, and a driving ring 43. The mounting sleeve 41 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the main rod 1. The mounting sleeve 41 is located on the side of the elastic chuck 3 close to the main rod 1. The inner wall of the fixing sleeve 42 is threadedly connected to the mounting sleeve 41, and the end of the fixing sleeve 42 away from the mounting sleeve 41 is provided with an edge that fits with the outer wall of the main rod 1, which can limit the displacement of the driving ring 43. The side of the edge away from the mounting sleeve 41 is formed with an arc transition surface, so that the end opening of the fixing sleeve 42 is larger than the outer diameter of the intramedullary nail 8, thereby facilitating the introduction of the intramedullary nail 8 into the fixing sleeve 42. The driving ring 43 is sleeved on the main rod 1 and slidably cooperates with the inner side wall of the fixing sleeve 42. The driving ring 43 is sleeved on the outer side of the plurality of elastic clamps 3. A first inclined surface is formed on one end of the driving ring 43 close to the sharp teeth 32, and a second inclined surface that cooperates with the first inclined surface is formed on one side of the sharp teeth 32. By driving the driving ring 43 to move along the length direction of the main rod 1 toward the direction close to the sharp teeth 32, the sharp teeth 32 can be pressed against the outer side wall of the intramedullary nail 8 under the cooperation of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , a driving device 5 is installed on the main rod 1, which is convenient for driving the driving ring 43 to slide along the length direction of the main rod 1. The driving device 5 includes a threaded sleeve 51, an intermediate toothed ring 52, and a driving gear 53. The threaded sleeve 51 is fixedly installed at one end of the driving ring 43 and is located on the inner side of the driving ring 43. The threaded sleeve 51 is threadedly connected to the main rod 1 at a position close to the elastic chuck 3. The intermediate toothed ring 52 is fixedly installed on the side of the driving ring 43 close to the mounting sleeve 41. The outer wall of the intermediate toothed ring 52 is slidably matched with the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 42. A receiving groove 15 is opened on the peripheral side wall of the main rod 1. The driving gear 53 is rotatably connected in the receiving groove 15, and the outer wall of the driving gear 53 is meshed with the inner wall of the intermediate toothed ring 52. The tooth width of the intermediate toothed ring 52 is greater than the tooth width of the driving gear 53, so that the intermediate toothed ring 52 and the driving gear 53 are always meshed. By rotating the driving gear 53, the middle gear ring 52 can be driven to rotate, and then the threaded sleeve 51 and the main rod 1 can be relatively displaced. The middle gear ring 52 rotates along the driving gear 53 and can slide along the axial direction of the driving gear 53, so that the driving ring 43 moves along the length direction of the main rod 1 away from the mounting sleeve 41. The driving ring 43 squeezes the sharp teeth 32, so that the sharp teeth 32 are pressed against the outer wall of the intramedullary nail 8.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3In order to facilitate the rotation of the driving gear 53, a braking device 6 is installed on the support rod. The braking device 6 includes a braking rod 61. The braking rod 61 is close to the upper part of the main rod 1. One end of the braking rod 61 is fixedly connected to one end of the driving gear 53. The other end of the braking rod 61 passes through the main rod 1 and extends to the inside of the handle 2, and the braking rod 61 rotates with the main rod 1.

[0030] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A lifting device 7 is installed on the handle 2, which can conveniently drive the brake rod 61 to rotate. The lifting device 7 includes a fixed plate 71, a first bevel gear 72, a second bevel gear 73, a roller 74, and a pull rope 75. The fixed plate 71 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the handle 2 close to the brake rod 61, the first bevel gear 72 is fixedly installed on the end of the brake rod 61, and a torsion spring 76 is sleeved on the brake rod 61. The two ends of the torsion spring 76 are respectively fixedly connected to the first bevel gear 72 and the inner wall of the handle 2, the roller 74 is rotatably connected to the other side of the fixed plate 71, and the roller 74 is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 73. A grip 77 is hinged on the inner side of the handle 2 away from the main rod 1, and a pull rope 75 is fixed on one side of the grip 77. One end of the pull rope 75 is wound around the roller 74, and the first bevel gear 72 and the second bevel gear 73 are meshed. By pressing the handle 77, the pull rope 75 can pull the roller 74 to rotate, thereby driving the second bevel gear 73 to rotate, so that the first bevel gear 72 meshing with the second bevel gear 73 rotates, driving the brake lever 61 to rotate, and the driving gear 53 connected to the end of the brake lever 61 rotates.

[0031] Embodiment 2

[0032] The difference from the first embodiment is that, referring to Figure 5 The side wall of the serrated teeth 32 abutting against the intramedullary nail 8 is serrated. The serrated serrated teeth 32 can strengthen the friction between the serrated teeth 32 and the side wall of the intramedullary nail 8, thereby increasing the clamping force on the intramedullary nail 8 and facilitating the removal of the intramedullary nail 8.

[0033] Embodiment 3

[0034] The difference from the first embodiment is that, referring to Figure 6 A plurality of sharp teeth 32 are distributed in a spiral line with the axis of the main rod 1 as the center, and the rotation direction of the sharp teeth 32 is opposite to the rotation direction of the intramedullary nail 8. When the sharp teeth 32 are pressed against the outer wall of the intramedullary nail 8, the connection strength of the removal device to the intramedullary nail 8 is greatly enhanced when the intramedullary nail 8 is removed.

[0035] The working principle of the embodiment of the present application is: align the socket 11 of the main rod 1 with the intramedullary nail 8 so that the end of the intramedullary nail 8 is inserted into the socket 11, and then pull the handle 77 so that the handle 77 drives the pull rope 75 to pull the roller 74 to rotate, driving the second bevel gear 73 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 72 meshing with the second bevel gear 73 rotates, so that the brake rod 61 rotates and drives the driving gear 53 to rotate. Since the driving gear 53 is meshed with the middle gear ring 52, the driving ring 43 can slide along the length direction of the main rod 1 toward the direction close to the sharp teeth 32, and then squeeze the sharp teeth 32, so that the sharp teeth 32 are pressed against the outer wall of the intramedullary nail 8, thereby achieving the purpose of grabbing the intramedullary nail 8.

[0036] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

[0037] What has been described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent substitutions or changes according to the technical scheme and concept of the present application within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail internal fixation removal device, comprising a main rod (1) and a handle (2) arranged at one end of the main rod (1), characterized in that: A plurality of evenly arranged elastic chucks (3) are provided at one end of the main rod (1), and a clamping device (4) for driving the elastic chuck (3) to press against the intramedullary nail (8) is provided on the main rod (1); the elastic chuck (3) comprises an elastic sheet (31) provided on the side wall of the main rod (1), and sharp teeth (32) provided at the end of the elastic sheet (31) and pressed against the side wall of the intramedullary nail (8); The clamping device (4) comprises a fixing sleeve (42) sleeved on the end of the main rod (1), and a driving ring (43) slidably connected to the fixing sleeve (42); the driving ring (43) is sleeved on the outside of a plurality of elastic clamps (3); one end of the driving ring (43) is formed with a first inclined surface; one side of the pointed teeth (32) is formed with a second inclined surface matching the first inclined surface; and a driving device (5) is provided on the main rod (1) for driving the driving ring (43) to slide; The driving device (5) comprises a threaded sleeve (51) arranged at one end of the driving ring (43), an intermediate toothed ring (52) arranged at one end of the driving ring (43), and a driving gear (53) rotatably arranged on the main rod (1), wherein the threaded sleeve (51) is threadedly connected to a position on the main rod (1) close to the elastic chuck (3), and the intermediate toothed ring (52) is meshed with the driving gear (53); The main rod (1) is provided with a brake device (6), the brake device (6) comprising a brake rod (61) provided at one end of the driving gear (53) and rotatably engaged with the main rod (1), the end of the brake rod (61) passing through the main rod (1) and extending into the interior of the handle (2); The handle (2) is provided with a lifting device (7), the lifting device (7) comprising a fixing plate (71) provided on the inner side of the handle (2), a first bevel gear (72) provided on the end of the brake rod (61), a second bevel gear (73) rotatably provided on one side of the fixing plate (71) and meshing with the first bevel gear (72), and a roller (74) provided on one side of the second bevel gear (73); a grip (77) is hingedly connected to the inner side of the handle (2) away from the main rod (1); a pull rope (75) is fixed to one side of the grip (77); one end of the pull rope (75) is wound around the roller (74); and a torsion spring (76) is sleeved on the brake rod (61) and connects the first bevel gear (72) and the inner side of the handle (2); The end of the main rod (1) is provided with a socket (11) which cooperates with the intramedullary nail (8).

2. The intramedullary nail internal fixation removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall where the pointed teeth (32) abut against the intramedullary nail (8) is serrated.

3. The intramedullary nail internal fixation removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of pointed teeth (32) are distributed along a spiral line, and the distribution direction of the pointed teeth (32) is opposite to the distribution direction of the intramedullary nail (8).

4. The intramedullary nail internal fixation removal equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the handle (2) is trapezoidal in shape, and a gripping cavity with a similar cross section is formed inside the handle (2).

5. The intramedullary nail internal fixation removal equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the main rod (1) is provided with a plurality of evenly arranged positioning holes (12), the pointed teeth (32) correspond to the positioning holes (12) one by one, and the pointed teeth (32) pass through the positioning holes (12) and abut against the outer side wall of the intramedullary nail (8).

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