A planetary assembly device and assembly method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a planetary assembly device and method, the device comprising a guide sun gear, a planetary gear fixing part and a centering assembly; the guide sun gear is provided with a guide tooth, the guide tooth is meshed with the planetary gear; the planetary gear fixing part comprises a body and a connecting part, the connecting part is used to fix the body to the planetary carrier; the body is provided with an internal gear area, the internal gear is meshed with the planetary gear; the centering assembly is used to center the planetary carrier and the sun gear. The present invention utilizes the guide sun gear to achieve synchronous meshing of multiple planetary gears in the planetary carrier sleeve, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid loading; the planetary gear fixing part synchronously fixes the relative positions of multiple planetary gear teeth and the planetary carrier, which is beneficial to the subsequent installation of the planetary carrier sleeve and the sun gear; the use of the centering assembly can quickly realize the rapid assembly and centering of the planetary carrier sleeve and the sun gear, and at the same time can improve the centering accuracy and prevent tooth surface scratches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a planetary assembly device and an assembly method, belonging to the technical field of gear assembly. Background Art

[0002] Wind power speed increaser gearboxes have the characteristics of high reliability, high torque density, high mechanical efficiency, long service life, and high maintenance and repair costs. Therefore, high requirements are also placed on the processing and assembly process of gearbox components. The NGW planetary sleeve is a key sleeve for torque transmission of the wind power speed increaser gearbox and is easy to be damaged. As the power of the gearbox gradually increases, the size and weight of the planetary sleeve are also increasing, from hundreds of kilograms to dozens of tons today, and from the earliest three-way flow to the current eight-way flow and other multi-way flow structures, the difficulty of assembly has been greatly increased. Therefore, the quality of the assembly process also determines the service life of the gearbox.

[0003] The current assembly method of the planetary housing is to place the rear housing on a platform to find the level, install the sun gear, and use a sling to find the level and lift the planetary carrier housing above the housing housing sun gear. The sun gear and the planetary gear are adjusted by the naked eye, and then the planetary carrier housing is rotated and dropped. When the planetary gear assembly just contacts the sun gear and during the falling process, due to the misalignment of the upper and lower parts, there will always be scratches of varying degrees on some tooth surfaces of the sun gear and the planetary gear. The maximum scratch depth can reach 0.5mm. During the gear meshing process, the tooth surface will be damaged, and the damaged tooth surface will mesh with other tooth surfaces, causing damage to other tooth surfaces, which may cause tooth surface peeling in a short time. In the current disassembly process, effective alignment cannot be achieved. When lifting the planetary gear housing, scratches appear on some tooth surfaces. Sometimes the scratches are very serious, making the parts unable to be used directly, and serious ones are even scrapped. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a planetary assembly device, which solves the problem of tooth surface damage caused by directly aligning the sun gear with the planetary gear in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a planetary assembly device, including a guide sun gear, a planetary gear fixing part and a centering assembly; the guide sun gear is provided with a guide tooth, and the guide tooth is meshed with the planetary gear; the planetary gear fixing part includes a main body and a connecting part, and the connecting part is used to fix the main body to the planetary carrier; the main body is provided with an internal gear area, and the internal gear is meshed with the planetary gear; the centering assembly is used to center the planetary carrier and the sun gear.

[0006] Preferably, the tooth width of the guide tooth is 100-150mm, and the upper end of the guide tooth is chamfered at a large angle; the tooth thickness of the guide tooth end is reduced to half the thickness of the sun gear tooth; the common normal of the guide sun gear is reduced by 6‰Mn compared with the common normal of the sun gear. The input end of the guide sun gear is thinned, the common normal is reduced, and the side clearance is increased, which is convenient for the planetary gear to be quickly installed and adjusted to the correct position.

[0007] Preferably, the inner gear area of ​​the planetary gear fixing part is provided with a tooth block, and the inner gear is provided on the tooth block; the common normal of the tooth block is increased by 5‰Mn compared with the common normal of the inner gear ring; the number of the tooth blocks is consistent with the number of planetary gears. The planetary gear fixing part is provided with a tooth block with gear parameters equivalent to those of the inner gear ring, which can synchronously fix the planetary gear in the correct position; the increase in the common normal of the tooth block is conducive to improving the accuracy of the tooth block, facilitating precise assembly, and can greatly improve the assembly efficiency and ensure the assembly quality.

[0008] Preferably, the toothed block has at least three complete internal gears.

[0009] Preferably, the tooth block is detachably connected to the body; a positioning hole is provided on the body, and a positioning pin is provided on the tooth block, and the positioning pin matches the positioning hole.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting member is an inverted L-shaped support rod, which is detachably connected to the body; the support rod is in contact with the upper end surface of the planet carrier.

[0011] Preferably, the centering assembly comprises a sun gear locating plate and a planet carrier locating member; the sun gear locating plate is provided with a locating mark, the central axis of which is coaxial with the sun gear; the planet carrier locating member is provided with a locating portion, which is located on the central axis of the inner hole of the planet carrier.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end surface of the sun gear positioning plate is provided with a stopper, and the lower end surfaces of the sun gear positioning plate on both sides of the stopper are positioning end surfaces; the positioning end surfaces match the upper end surface of the sun gear opening, and the stopper matches the aperture of the sun gear opening; a positioning mark is provided on the upper end surface of the sun gear positioning plate; the positioning mark is a positioning hole with an aperture of Φ3-Φ8mm. The aperture of the positioning mark is smaller than the sun gear opening to improve the positioning accuracy.

[0013] Preferably, the planet carrier positioning member includes a first positioning arm and a second positioning arm, the projections of the first positioning arm and the second positioning arm on the same plane intersect at a certain angle, the intersection of the axes of the first positioning arm and the second positioning arm is located on the central axis of the planet carrier, and the positioning portion is located at the intersection; the lengths of the first positioning arm and the second positioning arm match the aperture of the inner hole of the planet carrier.

[0014] The present invention also provides a planetary assembly method, which is implemented using the above-mentioned planetary assembly device, and specifically includes the following steps: S1. using a guide sun gear to pre-adjust the relative position between each planetary wheel tooth and the planet carrier; S2. fixing the planetary wheel with pre-adjusted tooth position by a planetary wheel fixing member; S3. after the planetary wheel is fixed, the planet carrier and the sun wheel are centered by a centering component, and then the planet carrier and the sun wheel are assembled.

[0015] The present invention utilizes the guide sun gear to achieve synchronous meshing of multiple planetary gears in the planetary carrier sleeve, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid installation; the planetary gear fixing member synchronously fixes the relative positions of multiple planetary gear teeth and the planetary carrier, which is beneficial to the subsequent installation of the planetary carrier sleeve and the sun gear; the use of the centering component can quickly achieve rapid assembly and centering of the planetary carrier sleeve and the sun gear, and at the same time can improve the centering accuracy and prevent tooth surface scratches. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a planetary assembly device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the planetary housing assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide sun gear in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the planetary gear fixing member in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the planetary gear fixing member and the planetary sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the centering component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Among them: 1-sun gear, 2-planet gear, 3-planet carrier, 4-inner gear ring, 5-guide sun gear, 501-guide tooth, 6-planet gear fixing part, 601-body, 6011-positioning hole, 602-tooth block, 603-positioning pin, 604-screw, 605-support rod, 7-sun gear positioning plate, 701-positioning end face, 702-stop, 703-positioning mark, 704-upper end face, 8-planet carrier positioning part, 801-first positioning arm, 802-second positioning arm, 803-intersection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to better understand the essence of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings.

[0024] The present invention is particularly suitable for the assembly of a large NGW planetary sleeve, and specifically relates to a planetary sleeve assembly device and an assembly method.

[0025] The method and device of the present invention are used for Figure 2 The planetary sleeve assembly shown in the figure is assembled. Among them, a planetary sleeve assembly device provided by the present invention includes a guide sun gear 5, a planetary gear fixing member 6 and a centering assembly; the guide sun gear 5 is provided with a guide tooth 501, the guide tooth 501 is meshed with the planetary gear 2, and the guide tooth 501 is an external gear; the planetary gear fixing member 6 includes a circular ring-shaped body 601 and a connecting member, and the connecting member is used to connect the body 601 to the planetary carrier 3; the inner ring of the body 601 is provided with an internal gear area, and the inner ring of the body 601 is only provided with an internal gear in the internal gear area, and the internal gear is meshed with the planetary gear 2; the centering assembly includes a sun gear positioning plate 7 and a planetary carrier positioning member 8, and the sun gear positioning plate 7 cooperates with the planetary carrier positioning member 8 to be used for centering the planetary carrier 3 and the sun gear 1.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the tooth width of the guide tooth 501 is 100-150mm. Compared with the common normal of the sun gear 1, the common normal of the guide sun gear 5 is reduced by 6‰Mn, and the rest is processed according to the sun gear tooth parameters. The upper end teeth of the guide tooth 501 are chamfered and the tooth thickness is thinned. The tooth thickness of the tooth end of the guide sun gear 5 is thinned to half the tooth thickness of the sun gear 1, and the tooth length is 30-50mm. The tooth thickness of the tooth end of the guide sun gear 5 is adjusted according to different modules, and the module is negatively correlated with the degree of tooth thickness thinning. The input end of the guide sun gear 5 is thinned and the common normal is reduced, which facilitates the rapid installation and adjustment of the planetary gear 3 to the correct position. The material of the guide sun gear 5 can be polytetrafluoroethylene or general metal material.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the inner gear area of ​​the planetary gear fixing member 6 is provided with a tooth block 602, and the tooth block 602 is provided with an inner gear; the connecting member of the planetary gear fixing member 6 can be a support rod 605. The tooth block 602 and the support rod 605 are both detachably connected to the body 601; the number of the tooth blocks 602 is consistent with the number of the planetary gears 2. The body 601 is provided with a positioning hole 6011 for quick positioning and pre-installation of the tooth block 602 and the support rod 605. The tooth block 602 is installed to the body 601 by a screw 604. The tooth block 602 is provided with a positioning pin 603, and the positioning pin 603 cooperates with the positioning hole 6011 to determine the installation position of the tooth block 602 on the body 601. Each tooth block is fixed by two pins 603 and one screw 604. The support rod 605 is in an inverted L shape, which is used to cooperate with the tooth block 602 to fix the planetary gear fixing member 6 to the upper end surface of the planetary carrier 3.

[0028] The parameters of the internal gear on the gear block 602 are processed according to the parameters of the inner gear ring 4 that matches the planet carrier 3. Compared with the common normal line of the inner gear ring 4, the common normal line of the gear block 602 is enlarged by 5‰Mn, which is convenient for fixing the planetary gear 2 in the correct position and is conducive to the correct assembly of subsequent components. The gear block 602 has at least three complete gear teeth to achieve the best fixing effect. The body 601 is an integrated ring. The inner gear rings of similar sizes can share a body 601, and different gear blocks 602 can be used according to the size of the pitch circle of the inner gear ring to be suitable for the assembly of planetary sleeves of various sizes.

[0029] like Figure 6 As shown, the centering assembly includes a sun gear positioning plate 7 ( Figure 6 a) and planet carrier positioning member 8 ( Figure 6 b).

[0030] The lower end surface of the sun gear positioning plate 7 is provided with a stopper 702, and the lower end surfaces of the sun gear positioning plate on both sides of the stopper 702 are positioning end surfaces 701; the positioning end surface 701 matches the upper end surface of the sun gear 1 hole, and the stopper 702 matches the aperture of the sun gear 1 hole; the positioning end surface 701 cooperates with the upper end surface of the sun gear 1 hole, and the stopper 702 cooperates with the aperture of the sun gear 1 to achieve the positioning of the sun gear positioning plate 7 and the sun gear 1. A positioning mark 703 is provided on the upper end surface 704 of the sun gear positioning plate 7; the positioning mark 703 can be a positioning hole with an aperture of Φ3-8mm. The central axis of the positioning mark 703 is coaxial with the sun gear 1. Since the sun gear hole is generally used as a processing positioning reference, the center of the hole also ensures the coaxiality with the sun gear. However, due to the large central hole of the sun gear, more accurate positioning cannot be achieved, so a sun gear positioning plate 7 is placed at the upper hole end of the sun gear, and a positioning mark 703 is set on the sun gear positioning plate 7 to improve the positioning accuracy.

[0031] The planet carrier positioning member 8 is provided with a positioning portion, and the positioning portion is located on the central axis of the planet carrier 3. The planet carrier positioning member 8 can be fixed on the mating surface of the input end of the planet carrier inner hole or inside the planet carrier inner hole.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the planet carrier positioning member 8 includes a first positioning arm 801 and a second positioning arm 802, the projections of the first positioning arm 801 and the second positioning arm 802 on the same plane intersect at a certain angle, and the intersection 803 of the axes of the first positioning arm 801 and the second positioning arm 802 is located on the central axis of the planet carrier 3; the lengths of the first positioning arm 801 and the second positioning arm 802 match the aperture of the inner hole of the planet carrier 3. The positioning part provided on the planet carrier positioning member 8 can be a laser emitter. The laser emission port of the laser emitter is located at the intersection 803, and the first positioning arm 801 and the second positioning arm 802 intersect vertically to form a cross shape.

[0033] The planetary sleeve in the present invention refers to the component after the planetary gear 2 and the planetary carrier 3 are assembled.

[0034] For example Figure 2 When assembling the planetary sleeve shown, the following steps are often used in the prior art: assemble the sun gear 1 on the box with the tooth end facing upward, hoist the planet carrier 3 above the sun gear 1, let the planetary gear 2 just touch the sun gear 1, then move the planetary gear 2 one by one, let the planetary gear teeth mesh with the sun gear teeth, and then install the planetary carrier 3. After the planetary carrier 3 is assembled in place, the inner ring gear 4 is installed, and the inner ring gear meshes with multiple planetary gears 2, thereby completing the assembly of the planetary sleeve. However, as the power of the product increases, the weight of the planetary gear is also increasing, and the height of the sleeve is also increasing, making it difficult to move the planetary gear. In addition, during the process of moving, there are a high probability of multiple collisions between the planetary gear 2 and the sun gear 1, and between the planetary gear 2 and the inner ring gear 4, so the tooth end part of each meshing component will inevitably cause certain damage, and the damaged tooth surface will mesh with other tooth surfaces, resulting in damage to other tooth surfaces. In the entire assembly process, if the adjustment of each component is not in place, it will affect the efficiency and quality of assembly.

[0035] The present invention provides a planetary assembly method, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: pre-adjust the position of the gear teeth on the planetary gear.

[0037] The end of the guide sun gear 5 away from the guide teeth 501 is fixed, and then the planet carrier 3 is hoisted above the guide sun gear 5, and the gear teeth of the planetary gear 2 are meshed with the guide teeth 501, so that the relative position of the gear teeth of the planetary gear 2 and the planet carrier 3 can be adjusted. Since the tooth side clearance is larger after the input end of the guide sun gear 5 is thinned, it is only necessary to install the guide sun gear 5 to the middle part of each planetary gear 2 to pre-adjust each planetary gear 2 in the planet carrier 3. The guide sun gear 5 can realize the synchronous adjustment of multiple planetary gears 2 in the planet carrier sleeve.

[0038] Step 2: Fix the planetary gear whose position has been pre-adjusted in step 1.

[0039] The position of each planetary gear 2 is fixed by meshing. Specifically, the position of each planetary gear 2 can be fixed by meshing the internal gear on the planetary gear fixing member 6 with the gear teeth of the planetary gear 2. The planetary gear fixing member 6 is connected to the planetary carrier 3 and forms a whole with the planetary carrier 3, so as to fix the position of the planetary gear 2.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the planetary gear fixing member 6 is placed on the end surface of the planetary carrier 3, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the planetary gear fixing member 6 and the planetary carrier sleeve, thereby improving the assembly efficiency.

[0041] The planetary gear fixing member 6 can realize the synchronous fixing of multiple planetary gears 2 in the planetary carrier sleeve to improve the assembly efficiency.

[0042] Step three: assemble the planet carrier sleeve and sun gear after alignment.

[0043] The planet carrier sleeve that has completed step 2 is hoisted above the sun gear 1, and the planet carrier sleeve and the sun gear are aligned with the centering assembly and then assembled. After the planet carrier sleeve and the sun gear are assembled, the inner gear ring is installed.

[0044] The use of the centering assembly to align the planet carrier sleeve and the sun gear and then assemble is specifically as follows: after the planet carrier sleeve in step 2 is hoisted above the sun gear 1, the upper and lower parts are aligned when the laser emitted by the laser emitter on the planet carrier positioning member 8 falls into the positioning mark 703. The alignment method of the present invention has much higher accuracy than that of the naked eye.

[0045] During the process of aligning the planet carrier sleeve and the sun gear, the gearbox housing, the planet carrier sleeve, the inner gear ring, etc. are all adjusted to a horizontal state using a level. When the planet carrier sleeve is hoisted, the planet carrier sleeve is hoisted horizontally using a three-hook or four-hook hoisting rope with adjustable length.

[0046] Since the coaxiality between the processing hole at the input end of the planet carrier and the planet carrier sleeve is very high, the center of the planet carrier input end hole can be used for positioning. After positioning through the input end center hole, the revolution center positioning of multiple planetary gears is realized. The planet carrier positioning piece 8 is placed on the mating surface of the input end of the inner hole of the planet carrier. The laser emitted by the laser emitter 9 on the planet carrier positioning piece 8 and the center of the planet carrier are within the coaxiality requirement, that is, the alignment of the planet carrier sleeve and the sun gear is realized. The coaxiality is determined according to different accuracy requirements.

[0047] The uniform speed installation is adopted during the entire planetary carrier sleeve installation process, which can avoid large-scale deflection of each component and prevent the impact force during the deflection process from scratching the tooth surface; at the same time, in combination with the assembly method of the present invention, large planetary carrier sleeves can be assembled quickly and efficiently, and after the sleeve assembly is completed, the tooth surface is less scratched and the product qualification rate is high.

[0048] It should be noted that although the present invention is described by the above embodiments, the present invention may also have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it is obvious that those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and deformations to the present invention, but these changes and deformations should all fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A planetary assembly device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a guide sun gear (5), a planet gear fixing member (6) and a centering assembly; the guide sun gear (5) is provided with a guide tooth (501), the guide tooth (501) meshing with the planet gear (2); the planet gear fixing member (6) comprises a body (601) and a connecting member, the connecting member being used to fix the body (601) to the planet carrier (3); the body (601) is provided with an internal gear area, the internal gear meshing with the planet gear (2); the centering assembly is used to center the planet carrier (3) and the sun gear (1); the centering assembly comprises a sun gear positioning plate (7) and a planet carrier positioning member (8); the sun gear positioning plate (7) is provided with a positioning mark (703), the central axis of the positioning mark (703) is coaxial with the sun gear (1); the planet carrier positioning member (8) is provided with a positioning portion, the positioning portion is located on the central axis of the inner hole of the planet carrier (3).

2. The planetary assembly assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth width of the guide tooth (501) is 100-150 mm, and the upper end of the guide tooth (501) is chamfered at a large angle; the tooth thickness of the tooth end of the guide tooth (501) is reduced to half the tooth thickness of the sun gear (1); and the common normal of the guide sun gear (5) is reduced by 6‰Mn compared to the common normal of the sun gear (1).

3. The planetary assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner gear area of ​​the planetary gear fixing member (6) is provided with a tooth block (602), and an inner gear is provided on the tooth block (602); the common normal line of the tooth block (602) is 5‰Mn larger than the common normal line of the inner gear ring (4); and the number of the tooth blocks (602) is the same as the number of the planetary gears (2).

4. The planetary assembly device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gear block (602) has at least three complete internal gears.

5. The planetary assembly device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tooth block (602) is detachably connected to the body (601); a positioning hole (6011) is provided on the body (601), and a positioning pin (603) is provided on the tooth block (602); the positioning pin (603) matches the positioning hole (6011).

6. The planetary assembly assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting member is an inverted L-shaped support rod (605) which is detachably connected to the body (601); the support rod (605) is in contact with the upper end surface of the planet carrier (3).

7. The planetary assembly assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the sun gear positioning plate (7) is provided with a stopper (702), and the lower end surfaces of the sun gear positioning plate on both sides of the stopper (702) are positioning end surfaces (701); the positioning end surfaces (701) match the upper end surface of the sun gear (1) hole, and the stopper (702) matches the aperture of the sun gear (1); a positioning mark (703) is provided on the upper end surface (704) of the sun gear positioning plate (7); the positioning mark (703) is a positioning hole, and the aperture is Φ3-Φ8 mm.

8. The planetary assembly assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planet carrier positioning member (8) comprises a first positioning arm (801) and a second positioning arm (802); the projections of the first positioning arm (801) and the second positioning arm (802) on the same plane intersect at a certain angle; the intersection (803) of the axes of the first positioning arm (801) and the second positioning arm (802) is located on the central axis of the planet carrier (3); and the positioning portion is located at the intersection (803); the lengths of the first positioning arm (801) and the second positioning arm (802) match the aperture of the inner hole of the planet carrier (3).

9. A planetary assembly method, characterized in that: The planetary assembly device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to implement the method, and specifically comprises the following steps: S1. Use the guide sun gear to pre-adjust the relative position between each planetary gear tooth and the planet carrier; S2. Fix the planetary gear whose gear position is pre-adjusted by the planetary gear fixing member; S3. After the planetary gear is fixed, the planetary carrier and the sun gear are aligned by a centering assembly, and then the planetary carrier and the sun gear are assembled.

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