A conveniently portable land engineering surveying instrument

Abstract

The present invention discloses a conveniently portable land engineering surveying instrument, which relates to the technical field of land engineering surveying. It includes flexible stretching parts symmetrically arranged on both sides of a bearing box, and a resetting part arranged inside the bearing box. By pulling any one of the flexible stretching parts, the other flexible stretching part can be driven to move relative to the bearing box, and the bearing box is always positioned exactly in the middle of the line connecting the two flexible stretching parts. And under the action of the resetting part, the bearing box is kept in a suspended state. A depth ranging component at the landslide opening is arranged on the bearing box, and by manipulating any one of the flexible stretching parts, the depth ranging component at the landslide opening can be driven to operate. It has the advantages that by carrying a small-sized integral component, the diameters and depths of landslide openings of different sizes can be surveyed, without the need for preliminary tower building preparation work, and the measurement can be directly carried out. Moreover, the surveying process is simpler and more convenient, the surveying accuracy is higher, and it is more convenient to carry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of land engineering surveying and mapping, and specifically relates to a land engineering surveying instrument that is convenient to carry. Background Art

[0002] When a landslide occurs in a land project, it is necessary to calculate the volume of the landslide area to obtain the maximum amount of materials required for filling at the landslide area.

[0003] For example, a land landslide volume measuring device for municipal engineering disclosed in Chinese Patent CN202111320668.0. In this patent document, by fixing the positions of three groups of telescopic rods, the central position of the triangular block at the landslide is determined. Then, by measuring the length of each telescopic rod and taking the sum of the two longest telescopic rods to establish the maximum diameter value. After the position of the triangular block is determined, when the I-shaped clamping rod provided at the end of one group of telescopic rods contacts the sliding rod, the clamping rod no longer limits the gear. Thus, under the influence of the self-gravity of the conical block, the rope is pulled downward until the pressure sensor provided at the bottom of the conical block contacts the bottom of the landslide, and then the rotation of the rotating rod stops. At this time, by measuring the length of the rope, the depth of the landslide can be determined. The setting of this structure can effectively measure the depth of the landslide, and by combining the measured maximum diameter value of the landslide, the volume of the landslide can be calculated, and then the maximum amount of materials required for filling can be determined.

[0004] However, in the above-mentioned prior art, it is necessary to first build and fix three groups of fixing mechanisms at the edges of the landslide opening respectively. And this device uses three independent telescopic rods as the connecting parts between each group of fixing mechanisms and the triangular block. Thus, through the telescopic property of each telescopic rod itself, the central position of the triangular block at the landslide is determined. Subsequently, the depth measurement can be carried out. Furthermore, the preliminary building preparation process and the subsequent storage process in this patent document are both relatively cumbersome. And in this patent document, the sum of the two longest telescopic rods is taken to establish the maximum diameter value. Then, when measuring a landslide opening with a larger diameter, the required telescopic length of the telescopic rods will be longer. Inevitably, the quality requirements for the three telescopic rods will be higher, and it is also easy to increase the weight of the telescopic rods. As a result, the building and storage processes of this device become more cumbersome and are not suitable for larger landslide openings.

[0005] And when using a traditional tape measure for measurement, since it is impossible to make the tape measure hang in the center position directly above the landslide, it is impossible to accurately measure the maximum depth at the landslide opening, and only the diameter of the landslide opening can be measured, so the applicability is general. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a land engineering surveying instrument that is convenient to carry. By carrying a single small-sized integral component, it can measure the diameter and depth of collapse openings of different sizes without the need for prior erection preparation work. It can directly perform measurements, and the surveying process is simpler, more convenient, with higher surveying accuracy and easier to carry, thus solving the technical problems raised in the above background art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a land engineering surveying instrument that is convenient to carry, including a carrying case, and further including:

[0008] A two-way stretching distance measuring component for the diameter at the collapse opening, which includes flexible stretching parts symmetrically arranged on both sides of the carrying case and a reset part arranged in the carrying case. By pulling any one of the flexible stretching parts, it can drive the other flexible stretching part to move relative to the carrying case, and always keep the carrying case located exactly in the middle of the line connecting the two flexible stretching parts. And under the action of the reset part, the carrying case is kept in a suspended state;

[0009] A depth distance measuring component for the collapse opening, which is arranged on the carrying case, and by manipulating any one of the flexible stretching parts, it can drive the depth distance measuring component for the collapse opening to operate to measure the depth at the collapse opening.

[0010] Optionally, the reset part includes:

[0011] A first torsion spring assembly, the number of the first torsion spring assemblies is four, and they are fixedly installed at the four end points of a rectangle on the inner wall of the carrying case. The first torsion spring assembly includes a first reset shaft body connected to a first torsion spring;

[0012] A gear is fixedly connected to the surface of the first reset shaft body. The four gears are divided into two pairs, and each pair of gears meshes with each other;

[0013] A first rope winding disc is also fixedly connected to the surface of the first reset shaft body. A first rope body is wound around the surface of the first rope winding disc, and a first scale value is set on the surface of the first rope body.

[0014] Optionally, the flexible stretching part includes:

[0015] Pulling blocks, the number of the pulling blocks is two, and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the carrying case. An opening for the first rope body to pass through and be slidably connected therewith is provided on the side surface of the pulling block;

[0016] The free end of the first rope body is fixedly connected with an operating plate.

[0017] Optionally, the depth distance measuring component for the collapse opening includes:

[0018] The second coil spring assembly is fixedly installed in the carrying box. The second coil spring assembly includes a second reset shaft body connected to the second coil spring.

[0019] The surface of the second reset shaft body is fixedly connected with a second rope winding disc. A second rope body is wound around the surface of the second rope winding disc. The free end of the second rope body penetrates through the bottom of the carrying box and is fixedly connected with a weight block. A second scale value is arranged on the surface of the second rope body.

[0020] The second reset shaft body is in transmission connection with the gear through a transmission component. When any one of the pairs of gears rotates alone, the second reset shaft body can be driven to rotate, so as to automatically lower the weight block.

[0021] Optionally, the transmission component includes:

[0022] A support column is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the carrying box. Two sliding frames are slidably sleeved on the surface of the support column. The surface of the gear is fixedly connected with a sliding column that is in fitting sliding connection with the inner surface of the sliding frame.

[0023] The opposite sides of the two sliding frames are both fixedly connected with connecting plates. The opposite ends of the two connecting plates are both hinged with a first hinged plate. The opposite ends of the two first hinged plates are jointly hinged with a support frame. Two pairs of second hinged plates are hinged inside the support frame and are arranged in parallel. The ends of each pair of second hinged plates are both hinged with a rack plate. The surface of the second reset shaft body is fixedly connected with a spur cylinder that meshes with both of the two rack plates.

[0024] The surface of the sliding frame is in through-sliding connection with a limiting column. The end face of the limiting column facing the rack plate is fixedly connected with a resisting block. A spring is jointly fixedly connected between the surface of the resisting block and the inner surface of the sliding frame.

[0025] Optionally, a plug cone is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pulling block to fix the position of the pulling block.

[0026] Optionally, a pull rod is fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the two rack plates. The top of the carrying box is fixedly connected with a cover plate. An opening for the pull rod to penetrate through is formed on the surface of the cover plate.

[0027] Optionally, a pull ring is formed on the surface of the pulling block. By covering the pull ring, the pulling block can be pulled to move away from the carrying box.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. The present invention can drive the rope bodies on both sides to pay out wire synchronously by pulling the pull block on any side and through the setting that each pair of gears mesh with each other, ensuring that the bearing box is always located exactly in the middle of the connection line of the two pull blocks. And by using the first coil spring assembly, a pulling force towards the bearing box is always provided to the pull blocks on both sides, so that after the two pull blocks are respectively located at both ends of the maximum diameter of the landslide opening, the bearing box can be suspended directly above the landslide opening. On the one hand, through the elastic force of the contraction of the first coil spring, it can ensure that the first rope body is as straight as possible, so that the length of the first rope body extending out of the bearing box is closer to the radius value of the landslide opening, making the surveying result more accurate;

[0030] On the other hand, it can make the weight block located directly below the bearing box also be directly above the landslide opening. Since the maximum depth of the landslide opening is usually near the middle position, in this application, through the downward movement distance of the weight block directly above the center of the circle where the maximum diameter of the landslide opening is located, the depth of the landslide opening can be measured more accurately. And by combining the measured maximum diameter value of the landslide area and performing calculations, the volume of the landslide area can be obtained, so as to more accurately and quickly determine the maximum amount of filling materials required.

[0031] 2. When measuring the depth of the landslide opening, the present invention can reciprocally pull the control board on any side, and then through the first rope body, drive a pair of gears to rotate reciprocally alone. Through the reciprocal rotation of a pair of gears, and only through the transmission of one side of the first hinge plate, the support frame can be driven to reciprocally move horizontally up and down relative to the upper and lower sides of the straight tooth cylinder edge, so that the straight tooth cylinder and the second reset shaft body continuously rotate clockwise unidirectionally. Thus, the second rope winding disc is driven to pay out the second rope body, and the weight block can be continuously lowered. Then, by observing the scale values of the first rope body and the second rope body extending out of the bearing box, the maximum diameter value of the landslide opening and the maximum depth of the landslide area can be obtained, and through calculation, the volume of the landslide area can be obtained, so as to more accurately and quickly determine the maximum amount of filling materials required, ensuring the integrity of subsequent ground construction.

[0032] When mapping the diameter of the landslide opening, since the two pairs of gears rotate synchronously during this process, it will synchronously drive the two sliding frames to reciprocally move relatively or away from each other. Thus, through the transmission of the two sides of the first hinge plate, the support frame can only reciprocally move up and down relative to the straight tooth cylinder, and thus will not drive the straight tooth cylinder to rotate. During this process, the operator can freely map the diameter of the landslide opening without mutual interference.

[0033] In summary, the present application does not need to rely on any other remote control components. By carrying a single integral component, it can map the diameter and depth of landslide openings of different sizes, without the need for preliminary tower construction preparation work, and can directly perform measurements. Moreover, the mapping process is simpler and more convenient, with higher mapping accuracy and more convenient to carry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a first - perspective schematic diagram of the structure inside the carrying box of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a second - perspective schematic diagram of the structure inside the carrying box of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 An enlarged view of the structure at position A in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 An enlarged view of the structure at position B in the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 1 - carrying box, 2 - first torsion spring assembly, 3 - first reset shaft body, 4 - gear, 5 - first rope winding disc, 6 - first rope body, 7 - pulling block, 8 - operating plate, 9 - second torsion spring assembly, 10 - second reset shaft body, 11 - second rope winding disc, 12 - second rope body, 13 - load block, 14 - support column, 15 - sliding frame, 16 - sliding column, 17 - connecting plate, 18 - first hinge plate, 19 - support frame, 20 - second hinge plate, 21 - rack plate, 22 - spur cylinder, 23 - limit post, 24 - abutting block, 25 - spring, 26 - plug cone, 27 - pull rod, 28 - cover plate, 29 - pull ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , this embodiment provides a land engineering surveying instrument that is convenient to carry, including a carrying box 1, and further including:

[0042] A two - way diameter stretching distance - measuring component at the landslide opening. The two - way diameter stretching distance - measuring component at the landslide opening includes flexible stretching parts symmetrically arranged on both sides of the carrying box 1 and a reset part arranged inside the carrying box 1. By pulling any one of the flexible stretching parts, the other flexible stretching part can be driven to move relative to the carrying box 1, and the carrying box 1 is always positioned at the mid - point of the connection line of the two flexible stretching parts. And under the action of the reset part, the carrying box 1 is kept in a suspended state.

[0043] Depth ranging component at the landslide opening. The above-mentioned depth ranging component at the landslide opening is arranged on the above-mentioned bearing box 1, and by operating any one of the above-mentioned flexible stretching parts, the depth ranging component at the landslide opening can be driven to operate to measure the depth of the landslide opening.

[0044] More specifically, in this embodiment, two people respectively pull the flexible stretching part, and the two are respectively located at both ends of the maximum diameter value of the landslide opening, and then the maximum diameter value of the landslide opening can be obtained.

[0045] Since pulling any one of the flexible stretching parts can drive the other flexible stretching part to move relative to the bearing box 1, and always make the bearing box 1 located exactly in the middle of the connection line of the two flexible stretching parts, and under the action of the reset part, the above-mentioned bearing box 1 is kept in a suspended state, so that the depth ranging component at the landslide opening located on the bearing box 1 can also be located directly above the landslide opening. Since the maximum depth of the landslide opening is usually near the middle, in this application, through the operation of the depth ranging component at the landslide opening directly above the center of the circle where the maximum diameter of the landslide opening is located, the depth of the landslide opening can be measured more accurately, and combined with the measured maximum diameter value of the landslide area, the volume of the landslide area can be calculated, so as to more accurately and quickly determine the maximum amount of filling materials required to ensure the integrity of subsequent ground construction.

[0046] Further, in this embodiment: the above-mentioned reset part includes:

[0047] The first coil spring assembly 2. The number of the first coil spring assemblies 2 is four, and they are fixedly installed at the four end points of a rectangle on the inner wall of the above-mentioned bearing box 1. The first coil spring assembly 2 includes a reset shaft body 13 connected to the first coil spring.

[0048] A gear 4 is fixedly connected to the surface of the above-mentioned reset shaft body 13. The four above-mentioned gears 4 are evenly divided into two pairs, and each pair of the above-mentioned gears 4 meshes with each other.

[0049] A first rope winding disc 5 is also fixedly connected to the surface of the above-mentioned reset shaft body 13. A rope body 6 is wound around the surface of the first rope winding disc 5, and a first scale value is set on the surface of the rope body 6.

[0050] More specifically, in this embodiment, when any one of the rope bodies 6 is subjected to a pulling force away from the bearing box 1, the winding disc 1 can be driven to rotate. Since both the winding disc 1 and the gear 4 are fixedly connected to the surface of the reset shaft body 1, the rotation of the winding disc 1 will synchronously drive the gear 4 to rotate. Due to the meshing relationship of each pair of gears 4, when any one side gear 4 rotates, it will synchronously drive the other side gear 4 meshing with it to rotate. Thus, the reset shaft body 1 and the winding disc 1 connected to the other side gear 4 rotate synchronously to also pay out the rope body 6 on the other side. Finally, by observing the scale value of the rope body 6 pulled out of the bearing box 1 and multiplying it by two, the maximum diameter value at the landslide opening can be obtained.

[0051] Further, in this embodiment: The above-mentioned flexible stretching part includes:

[0052] Pulling blocks 7. The number of the above-mentioned pulling blocks 7 is two, and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the above-mentioned bearing box 1. An opening 1 for the above-mentioned rope body 6 to pass through and be slidably connected therewith is formed on the side surface of the above-mentioned pulling block 7.

[0053] The free end of the above-mentioned rope body 6 is fixedly connected with a control board 8.

[0054] More specifically, in this embodiment, by pulling the pulling block 7, the two rope bodies 6 on one side can be synchronously driven to move away from the bearing box 1.

[0055] Further, in this embodiment: The above-mentioned depth ranging component at the landslide opening includes:

[0056] A second coil spring assembly 9. The above-mentioned second coil spring assembly 9 is fixedly installed in the above-mentioned bearing box 1. The above-mentioned second coil spring assembly 9 includes a reset shaft body 2 connected to the coil spring 2.

[0057] The principles and structures of the above-mentioned first coil spring assembly 2 and the second coil spring assembly 9 can be referred to the coil spring group and the vertical shaft in a building engineering measuring device based on optoelectronic technology disclosed in Chinese Patent CN202210038661.8.

[0058] A winding disc 2 is fixedly connected to the surface of the above-mentioned reset shaft body 2. A rope body 3 is wound around the surface of the above-mentioned winding disc 2. The free end of the above-mentioned rope body 3 passes through the bottom of the above-mentioned bearing box 1 and is fixedly connected with a weight block 4. Scale values 2 are arranged on the surface of the above-mentioned rope body 3.

[0059] The above-mentioned reset shaft body 2 is in transmission connection with the above-mentioned gear 4 through a transmission component, so that when any one pair of the above-mentioned gears 4 rotates alone, the above-mentioned reset shaft body 2 can be driven to rotate to automatically lower the above-mentioned weight block 4.

[0060] More specifically, in this embodiment, the operator can reciprocally pull the control board 8 on either side, and through the first rope 6, can drive one pair of gears 4 to rotate reciprocally alone. Through the reciprocal rotation of one pair of gears 4 and under the action of the transmission component, the second reset shaft body 10 can be continuously rotated clockwise unidirectionally, thereby driving the second rope winding disc 11 to pay out the second rope 12, and the weight 13 can be continuously lowered until it is observed that the second rope 12 is no longer taut, indicating that the weight 13 has reached the bottom of the landslide area.

[0061] Further, in this embodiment: The above-mentioned transmission component includes:

[0062] Support columns 14, the above-mentioned support columns 14 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the above-mentioned bearing box 1. The surfaces of the above-mentioned support columns 14 are slidably sleeved with two sliding frames 15. The surfaces of the above-mentioned gears 4 are fixedly connected with sliding columns 16 that are in fitting and sliding connection with the inner surfaces of the above-mentioned sliding frames 15.

[0063] Both opposite sides of the two above-mentioned sliding frames 15 are fixedly connected with connecting plates 17. The opposite ends of the two above-mentioned connecting plates 17 are both hinged with a first hinge plate 18. The opposite ends of the two above-mentioned first hinge plates 18 are jointly hinged with a support frame 19. The inner wall of the above-mentioned support frame 19 is hinged with two pairs of second hinge plates 20 arranged in parallel. The ends of each pair of the above-mentioned second hinge plates 20 are both hinged with a rack plate 21. The surface of the above-mentioned second reset shaft body 10 is fixedly connected with a spur cylinder 22 that meshes with both of the above-mentioned rack plates 21.

[0064] The surfaces of the above-mentioned sliding frames 15 are penetrated and slidably connected with limit columns 23. The end faces of the above-mentioned limit columns 23 facing the above-mentioned rack plates 21 are fixedly connected with abutting blocks 24. A spring 25 is jointly fixedly connected between the surfaces of the above-mentioned abutting blocks 24 and the inner surfaces of the above-mentioned sliding frames 15.

[0065] More specifically, in this embodiment, through the reciprocal rotation of one pair of gears 4 and the sliding fit between the sliding columns 16 and the sliding frames 15, the connecting plates 17 can be driven to reciprocally move in the direction of the second reset shaft body 10. Thus, through the transmission of only one side of the first hinge plate 18, the support frame 19 can be driven to reciprocally move horizontally up and down relative to the spur cylinder 22. Since Figure 5The articulated plate two 20 arranged in parallel in the middle is such that when the straight-tooth cylinder 22 wants to rotate counterclockwise, it will inevitably drive the two rack plates 21 to move towards the straight-tooth cylinder 22, thus getting stuck. On the contrary, when the straight-tooth cylinder 22 wants to rotate clockwise, it can push the two rack plates 21 to move away from the straight-tooth cylinder 22, thus rotating smoothly. Therefore, by using the elastic force provided by the spring 25 for the abutting block 24, the rack plate 21 can receive an elastic thrust to keep meshing with the straight-tooth cylinder 22, and in the process of the support frame 19 driving the rack plate 21 to reciprocate horizontally relative to the straight-tooth cylinder 2, the straight-tooth cylinder 22 and the reset shaft body two 10 can continuously rotate clockwise unidirectionally.

[0066] Furthermore, in this embodiment, if the above two pairs of gears 4 rotate continuously synchronously, they will synchronously drive the two sliding frames 15 to reciprocate relatively or away from each other continuously. Thus, through the transmission of the two articulated plates one 18 on both sides, the support frame 19 can only reciprocate up and down relative to the straight-tooth cylinder 2, and thus will not drive the straight-tooth cylinder 2 to rotate. During this process, the operator can freely measure the diameter of the landslide opening without mutual interference.

[0067] Further, in this embodiment: The lower surface of the above pull block 7 is fixedly connected with an insertion cone 26 to fix the position of the above pull block 7.

[0068] More specifically, in this embodiment, by inserting the insertion cone 26 into the soil around the landslide opening, the pull block 7 can be fixed, so that the operator can free his hands to pull the control board 8.

[0069] Further, in this embodiment: The upper surfaces of the two above rack plates 21 are both fixedly connected with pull rods 27. The top of the above bearing box 1 is fixedly connected with a cover plate 28, and an opening two for the above pull rod 27 to penetrate is provided on the surface of the above cover plate 28.

[0070] More specifically, in this embodiment, by pulling the two pull rods 27, the two rack plates 21 are both separated from the straight-tooth cylinder 22, thus no longer restricting the axial movement of the straight-tooth cylinder 22. Therefore, by using the coil spring two in the coil spring assembly two 9, the reset shaft body two 10 can automatically turn and reset.

[0071] Further, in this embodiment: A pull ring 29 is provided on the surface of the above pull block 7, so that by covering the above pull ring 29, the above pull block 7 can be pulled to move away from the above bearing box 1.

[0072] Working principle: When this land engineering surveying instrument is in use, first, two people respectively cover Figure 1 the pull rings 29 on both sides in the middle.

[0073] Then observe the location of the maximum diameter at the landslide opening, and have one person stand at one end of the maximum diameter of the landslide opening, while the other person pulls the other pull ring 29 and gradually walks along the edge of the landslide opening to the other end of the maximum diameter of the landslide opening. At this time, the distance between the two pulling blocks 7 is the maximum diameter value at the landslide opening.

[0074] During the process of pulling the pull ring 29 as described above, combined with Figure 2 As shown, when pulling the pull ring 29 on either side, it will synchronously drive the pulling block 7 and the two control plates 8 on one side to move away from the bearing box 1. Thus, through the transmission of the first rope body 6, it can drive the first rope winding disc 5 to rotate. Since both the first rope winding disc 5 and the gear 4 are fixedly connected to the surface of the first reset shaft body 3, the rotation of the first rope winding disc 5 will synchronously drive the gear 4 to rotate. Due to the meshing relationship of each pair of gears 4, Figure 2 when any gear 4 on the same side as the pulling block 7 rotates, it will synchronously drive the gear 4 on the other side that meshes with it to rotate. Thus, the first reset shaft body 3 and the first rope winding disc 5 connected to the gear 4 on the other side rotate synchronously to also pay out the first rope body 6 on the other side. Finally, by observing the scale value of the first rope body 6 that moves out of the bearing box 1 and multiplying it by two, the maximum diameter value at the landslide opening can be obtained. Moreover, in this application, by using the method of the rope body for measurement, it has a smaller volume and lighter weight, making it convenient to carry and quickly measure while adapting to larger landslide openings.

[0075] At the same time, through the process of synchronously paying out the first rope bodies 6 on both sides, the bearing box 1 can always be located exactly in the middle of the connection line between the two pulling blocks 7. And by using the process of the first coil spring assembly 2 contracting the first coil spring due to the rotation of the first reset shaft body 3, it always provides a pulling force towards the bearing box 1 for the two pulling blocks 7. Thus, after the two pulling blocks 7 are respectively located at both ends of the maximum diameter of the landslide opening, the bearing box 1 can be suspended directly above the landslide opening. On the one hand, through the elastic force of the contraction of the first coil spring, it can ensure that the first rope body 6 is as straight as possible, so that the length of the first rope body 6 extending out of the bearing box 1 is closer to the radius value of the landslide opening, making the surveying and mapping results more accurate; on the other hand, it can make the weight block 13 directly below the bearing box 1 also be directly above the landslide opening. Since the maximum depth of the landslide opening is usually near its middle position, in this application, through the downward movement distance of the weight block 13 directly above the center of the circle where the maximum diameter of the landslide opening is located, the depth of the landslide opening can be measured more accurately. Combining the measured maximum diameter value of the landslide area and performing calculations, the volume of the landslide area can be obtained, thus more accurately and quickly determining the maximum amount of filling materials required to ensure the integrity of subsequent ground construction.

[0076] When measuring the depth of the landslide opening, the specific process is as follows:

[0077] Combined with Figures 2 to 4The operator can reciprocate by pulling the operating plate 8 on either side, and can drive one of the meshing gears 4 to reciprocate through the rope body 16. Through the reciprocating rotation of one of the gears 4 and the sliding cooperation between the sliding column 16 and the sliding frame 15, one of the connecting plates 17 can be driven to reciprocate in the direction of the reset shaft body 2 10. Thus, the support frame 19 can be driven to reciprocate up and down and sideways relative to the spur cylinder 22 through the transmission of the hinged plate 18 on one side. Figure 5 The hinged plates 20 are arranged in parallel in the middle, so that when the spur cylinder 22 wants to rotate counterclockwise, it is necessary to drive the two rack plates 21 to move toward the spur cylinder 22, thereby getting stuck. On the contrary, when the spur cylinder 22 wants to rotate clockwise, it can push the two rack plates 21 to move away from the spur cylinder 22, thereby rotating smoothly. The elastic force provided by the spring 25 to the stop block 24 is used to make the rack plate 21 receive an elastic thrust to keep it meshing with the spur cylinder 22, and in the process of the support frame 19 driving the rack plate 21 to move back and forth relative to the spur cylinder 2, the spur cylinder 22 is locked. The cylinder 22 and the reset shaft body 2 10 continue to rotate unidirectionally clockwise, thereby driving the rope winding drum 2 11 to pay out the rope body 2 12, and the weight block 13 can be continuously lowered until it is observed that the rope body 2 12 is no longer stretched straight, indicating that the weight block 13 has touched the bottom of the landslide. The control panel 8 is then released, and two people begin to move, and keep the rope body 1 6 from shrinking into the carrying box 1 until the carrying box 1 is out of the top of the landslide mouth. Then a third person can observe the scale values ​​on the rope body 1 6 and the rope body 2 12 extending out of the carrying box 1 to obtain the maximum diameter value at the landslide mouth and the maximum depth of the landslide.

[0078] Furthermore, when the diameter of the landslide mouth is measured in the above-mentioned process, since the two pairs of gears 4 rotate synchronously in this process, the synchronous belts are driven to the two sliding frames 15 to continuously move back and forth relative to or away from each other. Therefore, through the transmission of the hinged plates 18 on both sides, the support frame 19 can only move up and down reciprocatingly relative to the spur cylinder 2, thereby not driving the spur cylinder 2 to rotate. In this process, the operator can freely measure the diameter of the landslide mouth without affecting each other.

[0079] After the data is obtained, the coil spring 1 in the coil spring assembly 2 can be used to automatically turn the reset shaft 3 to reset until the two pull blocks 7 return to the Figure 1 Then, by pulling the two pull rods 27, the two rack plates 21 are separated from the spur cylinder 22, thereby using the coil spring 2 in the coil spring assembly 29 to automatically turn the reset shaft 2 10 to reset until the load block 13 also returns to the Figure 1 The state shown achieves the effect of automatic reset, which is more convenient.

[0080] In summary, without relying on any other remote control components, the present application can measure the diameter and depth of collapse openings of different sizes by carrying a small-sized integral component. There is no need for preliminary tower construction preparation work, and the measurement can be directly carried out. Moreover, the surveying and mapping process is simpler and more convenient, with higher surveying and mapping accuracy and more convenient portability.

[0081] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A portable land engineering surveying instrument, comprising a bearing box (1), characterized in that, it further comprises: A diameter bidirectional tensile ranging component at the landslide opening, the diameter bidirectional tensile ranging component at the landslide opening includes flexible tensile parts symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bearing box (1), and a reset part arranged in the bearing box (1). By pulling any one of the flexible tensile parts, the other flexible tensile part can be driven to move relative to the bearing box (1), and the bearing box (1) is always positioned in the middle of the line connecting the two flexible tensile parts. And under the action of the reset part, the bearing box (1) is kept in a suspended state; A depth ranging component at the landslide opening, the depth ranging component at the landslide opening is arranged on the bearing box (1), and by manipulating any one of the flexible tensile parts, the depth ranging component at the landslide opening can be driven to operate to measure the depth at the landslide opening; The reset part includes: A first set of coil spring assemblies (2), the number of the first set of coil spring assemblies (2) is four, and they are fixedly installed at the four end points of a rectangle on the inner wall of the bearing box (1). The first set of coil spring assemblies (2) includes a reset shaft body one (3) connected to a first coil spring; A gear (4) is fixedly connected to the surface of the reset shaft body one (3). The four gears (4) are evenly divided into two pairs, and each pair of gears (4) meshes with each other; The depth ranging component at the landslide opening includes: A second set of coil spring assemblies (9), the second set of coil spring assemblies (9) is fixedly installed in the bearing box (1). The second set of coil spring assemblies (9) includes a reset shaft body two (10) connected to a second coil spring; A winding disc two (11) is fixedly connected to the surface of the reset shaft body two (10). A rope body two (12) is wound on the surface of the winding disc two (11). The free end of the rope body two (12) passes through the bottom of the bearing box (1) and is fixedly connected to a weight block (13). Scale values two are arranged on the surface of the rope body two (12); The reset shaft body two (10) is in transmission connection with the gear (4) through a transmission component, so that when any pair of gears (4) rotates alone, the reset shaft body two (10) can be driven to rotate to automatically lower the weight block (13); The transmission component includes: A support column (14), the support column (14) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bearing box (1). Two sliding frames (15) are slidably sleeved on the surface of the support column (14). A sliding column (16) which is in fitting sliding connection with the inner surface of the sliding frame (15) is fixedly connected to the surface of the gear (4); On the opposite sides of the two sliding frames (15), connecting plates (17) are fixedly connected. At the opposite ends of the two connecting plates (17), first hinge plates (18) are hinged. At the opposite ends of the two first hinge plates (18), a support frame (19) is jointly hinged. Inside the inner wall of the support frame (19), two pairs of second hinge plates (20) are hinged in parallel. At the ends of each pair of second hinge plates (20), rack plates (21) are hinged. On the surface of the second reset shaft body (10), a straight tooth cylinder (22) that meshes with both of the two rack plates (21) is fixedly connected.

2. The portable land engineering surveying instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the surface of the first reset shaft body (3), a first rope winding disc (5) is also fixedly connected. A first rope body (6) is wound around the surface of the first rope winding disc (5). Scale values are provided on the surface of the first rope body (6).

3. The portable land engineering surveying instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flexible stretching part includes: Pulling blocks (7), the number of the pulling blocks (7) is two, and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the carrying box (1). An opening for the first rope body (6) to pass through and be slidably connected therewith is formed on the side surface of the pulling block (7); The free end of the first rope body (6) is fixedly connected with a control board (8).

4. The portable land engineering surveying instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting column (23) is slidably connected through the surface of the sliding frame (15). An abutting block (24) is fixedly connected to the end surface of the limiting column (23) facing the rack plate (21). A spring (25) is jointly fixedly connected between the surface of the abutting block (24) and the inner surface of the sliding frame (15).

5. The portable land engineering surveying instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plug cone (26) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pulling block (7) to fix the position of the pulling block (7).

6. The portable land engineering surveying instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: Pulling rods (27) are fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the two rack plates (21). A cover plate (28) is fixedly connected to the top of the carrying box (1). An opening for the pulling rod (27) to pass through is formed on the surface of the cover plate (28).

7. The portable land engineering surveying instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pull ring (29) is formed on the surface of the pulling block (7), so that by covering the pull ring (29), the pulling block (7) can be pulled to move away from the carrying box (1).

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