Method for monitoring the inclination of a high-rise building

Abstract

The high-rise building inclination monitoring method disclosed by the application is suitable for high-precision inclination monitoring of irregular building structures, and the relative position change of the monitoring point is measured to obtain the inclination change value of the building body. The high-rise building inclination monitoring method of the application is based on high-precision edge and corner measurement results of a total station, and uses non-contact measurement. Compared with the point projection method, the measurement cooperation personnel are dispensed with, the labor cost is saved, the reading error is reduced, the precision and reliability of the monitoring results are improved, compared with displacement measurement inclination monitoring, the observation pier is not needed to be built, the control measurement link is dispensed with, the labor and material resources are greatly saved, and the on-site work is more flexible and the high-precision inclination change of the target position of the building body is more easily obtained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of building structure geometric deformation monitoring, and particularly relates to a high-rise building inclination monitoring method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The high-rise building inclination measurement methods usually include the inclinometer method (inclination sensor), high-precision displacement measurement method and point projection method. The above-mentioned various operation methods can qualitatively determine the building inclination value when the building appears significant inclination. When the high-rise building has high safety risk or inclination correction construction is carried out, the inclination monitoring work should be carried out, and the inclination measurement accuracy should be controlled in the range of 0.0001-0.0004. The monitoring accuracy requirement is high. The above-mentioned measurement methods have certain difficulties in implementation, and the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring results often cannot meet the requirements. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a high-rise building inclination monitoring method, which solves the problems of the existing monitoring method accuracy and reliability not meeting the requirements and implementation difficulties.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: a high-rise building inclination monitoring method, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: arranging a measurement station point Z around the building, and installing a monitoring point pair, i.e. a high point G and a low point D, on the building body, taking the direction of the line connecting the measurement station point Z and the low point D as the X axis (0 direction) to measure the coordinates of the monitoring point pair in the plane rectangular coordinate system XOY;

[0006] Step 2: based on the monitoring point pair coordinates measured in step 1, using the measuring return method to measure the horizontal distance S between the measurement station point Z and the monitoring point pair and the plane angle a between the monitoring point pair and the measurement station point Z; ZG , S ZD

[0007] Step 3: based on the horizontal distance S ZG , S ZD and the angle a obtained in step 2, calculating the plane vector value of the monitoring point pair, and then decomposing the monitoring point pair vector value into X and Y directions;

[0008] Step 4: periodically repeating steps 2 and 3 to obtain the offset deformation values x and y of the monitoring point pair vector value, and calculating the inclination deformation value of the building in the monitoring period according to the offset deformation values x and y;

[0009] Step 5: obtaining the inclination azimuth of the building in the geodetic coordinate system according to the deformation plane vector of the building in the coordinate system XOY.

[0010] The present application is also characterized in that,

[0011] ​The total station is erected on the station Z in step 1, and a monitoring prism is arranged on the top and bottom of the same plumb line near the side wall of the building, and the two monitoring prisms are located at the high point G and the low point D respectively, and the two monitoring prisms are in sight with the station Z.

[0012] The rear view point is also arranged around the building in step 1, and the rear view point and the station Z are located within 1-2 times the height of the building.

[0013] Step 3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 3.1, sequentially connecting the station Z, the low point D and the high point G to obtain a triangle ZDG, and then obtaining the length of the side DG in the triangle ZDG and the included angle with the other two sides according to the horizontal distance S ZG , S ZD and the included angle α obtained in step 2, and then obtaining the plane vector DG in the coordinate system XOY;

[0015] Step 3.2, in the triangle ZDG, a vertical line of the reference line ZD is drawn through the point G, and the vertical axis is M, then the offset amount calculation triangle in RT△MDG, the horizontal distance S DG and the included angle β of the horizontal distance S DG and S ZD are obtained through the triangle ZDG, and then the X component and the Y component of the plane vector DG obtained in step 3.1 are obtained.

[0016] In step 4, steps 2 and 3 are repeated to obtain two groups of offset components X1, Y1 and X2, Y2 measured at different time points, and then the offset deformation value of the monitoring point vector value is x=X2-X1, y=Y2-Y1.

[0017] In step 4, the inclination deformation value H is the height difference between the low point D and the high point G.

[0018] Step 5 specifically includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 5.1, obtaining the deformation plane vector GG' of the high point G in the coordinate system XOY at different time points, translating the deformation plane vector GG' to the point D to make the point G coincide with the point D, and obtaining the branch guide line Z-D-G';

[0020] Step 5.2, using RTK measurement to measure the station Z and the rear view point H, and using total station measurement to measure the CGCS2000 coordinates of the low point D, and using coordinate conversion method to obtain the conversion relationship between the coordinate system XOY and the geodetic coordinate system;

[0021] Step 5.3, using the conversion relationship obtained in step 5.2 to perform coordinate conversion on the branch guide line Z-D-G' obtained in step 5.1 to obtain the inclination azimuth of the building in the geodetic coordinate system.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the high-rise building inclination monitoring method of the present application is based on high-precision corner measurement results of a total station, adopts non-contact measurement, saves measurement personnel compared with point projection measurement, saves labor costs, reduces reading errors, and improves the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring results; compared with displacement measurement inclination monitoring, no observation pier needs to be built, the control measurement link is eliminated, the labor and material resources are greatly saved, and the on-site work is more flexible and easier to obtain high-precision inclination changes of the target position of the building body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a monitoring site layout schematic diagram of the high-rise building inclination monitoring method of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a monitoring prism installation schematic diagram of the high-rise building inclination monitoring method of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 is a field measurement principle schematic diagram of the high-rise building inclination monitoring method of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 is a deflection value calculation schematic diagram of the high-rise building inclination monitoring method of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 is a tilt deformation value calculation schematic diagram of the high-rise building inclination monitoring method of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 is a tilt deformation value direction calculation schematic diagram of the high-rise building inclination monitoring method of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 is a coordinate conversion relationship schematic diagram of the high-rise building inclination monitoring method of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] The present application provides a high-rise building inclination monitoring method, which measures the relative position change of the monitoring point, and then calculates the inclination change value of the building body, and is suitable for high-precision inclination monitoring of irregular building structures. Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0032] 1) erecting monitoring equipment

[0033] First, one monitoring prism is arranged at the top and the bottom near the same plumb line of the building body structure to be monitored, one measuring station and one rear viewing point are arranged within 1-2 times the building height, the measuring station needs to be in sight with the monitoring prism and the rear viewing point, and a total station and a tripod are also needed. The inclination monitoring site schematic diagram is shown inFigure 1 The prism installation requirements are monitored: the point should be visible with the survey point and in the same vertical line, when the building is an irregular building, the point can be appropriately offset up and down, and the prism is forced to be centered and installed on the building structure, see Figure 2 , if necessary, take protective measures to prevent damage or human collision. The total station is erected at the survey point Z, centered and leveled, aimed at the rear view point H, and the rear view orientation is obtained. The survey station does not need to build a forced observation pier, and the survey station is damaged only by repositioning the survey station near the original point, which does not affect the tilt measurement results, and has little effect on the tilt direction value.

[0034] 2) Field measurement

[0035] As shown in Figure 3 , after the installation and erection of the monitoring equipment, the measurement is measured by the measuring method, and the horizontal distance S ZD from the survey station to the low point of the building is obtained. ZG , the horizontal angle α between the high and low points and the survey station, and ΔZDG becomes a known triangle. Other side and angle values of the triangle can be obtained according to the three measured values, that is, the planar vector DG in the coordinate system XOY can be obtained.

[0036] 3) Offset value calculation

[0037] As shown in Figure 4 , in order to facilitate the comparison of monitoring values, in the known ΔZDG, a vertical line of the reference line ZD is drawn through the point G, the vertical axis is M, and RT△MDG is the offset calculation triangle. In RT△MDG, the horizontal distance S DG from the low point to the high point and the angle β can be obtained from the known ΔZDG, and then the offset components X component and Y component of the high point relative to the low point are obtained.

[0038] 4) Inclination monitoring

[0039] As shown in Figure 5 , the field measurement process is repeated, that is, a plurality of planar vectors DG are obtained, that is, two sets of offset components X1, Y1 and X2, Y2 are measured at different time points, and the difference x and y between the two measurements is obtained, which is the offset deformation value of the upper point relative to the lower point in the monitoring period. The offset deformation value divided by the height difference H between the upper and lower points is the inclination change value of the building in the monitoring period, and the inclination deformation value

[0040] 5) Offset direction calculation

[0041] First, as shown in Figure 6As shown, the deformation plane vector GG' of the high point G in the coordinate system XOY is obtained, the vector is translated to the D point, and then the CGCS2000 coordinates of the survey station Z and the rear view point H and the low point D measured by the total station are measured. The conversion relationship between the monitoring coordinate system XOY and the geodetic coordinate system is obtained by using the coordinate conversion method, the plane coordinate conversion is carried out by using the four-parameter method, and finally the building inclination direction is obtained, such as Figure 7 As shown.

[0042] In the foregoing manner, the high-rise building inclination monitoring method of the present application is based on the high-precision edge-angle measurement result of the total station, adopts non-contact measurement, avoids measurement cooperation personnel compared with the point-throwing method, saves labor costs, reduces reading errors, improves the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring result, and compared with displacement measurement inclination monitoring, does not need to build observation piers, avoids the control measurement link, greatly saves labor and material inputs, and is more flexible in field work and easier to obtain high-precision inclination change of the target position of the building body.

Claims

1. A method of monitoring the inclination of a tall building, characterized in that, Comprise the following steps: Step 1, the measuring station Z is arranged around the building, a total station is erected on the measuring station Z through a tripod, a monitoring prism is arranged on the top and the bottom near the same plumb line of the side wall of the building body, the positions of the two monitoring prisms are high point G and low point D respectively, the two monitoring prisms are in sight with the measuring station Z; monitoring point pairs, namely high point G and low point D, are installed on the building body, the coordinates of the monitoring point pairs in the plane rectangular coordinate system XOY are measured in the direction of the connecting line of the measuring station Z and low point D, a rear view point is also arranged around the building, the rear view point and the measuring station Z are located within 1-2 times the building height range; Step 2, based on the coordinates of the monitoring point pair measured in step 1, the horizontal distance S from the measuring point Z to the monitoring point pair is measured by the resection method ZG , S ZD and the plane angle a of the monitoring point pair to the measuring point Z; Step 3, calculating the plane vector value of the monitoring point pair according to the flat distance S obtained in step 2, and decomposing the monitoring point pair vector value into X and Y directions; specifically comprising the following steps: ZG , S ZD and the included angle α, the plane vector value of the monitoring point pair is calculated, and the monitoring point pair vector value is decomposed into X and Y directions; specifically comprising the following steps: Step 3.1, sequentially connect the station point Z, the low point D and the high point G to obtain a triangle △ZDG, and then obtain the length of the side DG of the triangle △ZDG and the included angle with the other two sides according to the plane distance S and the included angle α obtained in step 2, and further obtain the plane vector DG in the coordinate system XOY. ZG , ZD ​ Step 3.2, in triangle ZDG, draw a perpendicular line of reference line ZD through point G, the perpendicular axis is M, then RT△MDG is the offset calculation triangle, the horizontal distance S from low point D to high point G in RT△MDG DG and horizontal distance S DG and angle β of S ZD The angle β of S is obtained through triangle ZDG, and then the X component and Y component of the plane vector DG obtained in step 3.1 are obtained. Step 4, periodically repeat steps 2 and 3 to obtain two sets of offset components X1, Y1 and X2, Y2 measured at different time points, then monitor the offset deformation values of the point pair vector values x = X2-X1, y = Y2-Y1, and calculate the tilt deformation value of the building during the monitoring period according to the offset deformation values x and y H is the height difference between the low point D and the high point G; Step 5, the tilt direction of the building in the geodetic coordinate system is obtained according to the deformation plane vector of the building in the coordinate system XOY; specifically comprising the following steps: Step 5.1, the deformation plane vector GG' of high point G in the coordinate system XOY at different time points is obtained, the deformation plane vector GG' is translated to D point to make G point coincide with D point, and a branch guide line Z-D-G' is obtained; Step 5.2, the CGCS2000 coordinates of the measuring station Z and the rear view point H and the total station measuring low point D are measured, the conversion relationship between the coordinate system XOY and the geodetic coordinate system is obtained by using the coordinate conversion method; Step 5.3, the branch guide line Z-D-G' obtained in step 5.1 is converted in coordinates by using the conversion relationship obtained in step 5.2, and the tilt direction of the building in the geodetic coordinate system is obtained.

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