Curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection and evaluation method and detection device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of curtain wall glass detection, and in particular to a method and device for detecting and evaluating stress uniformity and self-explosion risk of curtain wall glass. The technical solution adopted by the present invention comprises the following steps: using a spontaneous uniform light source to illuminate the glass surface through a polarizer, arranging the polarizer and analyzer vertically to ensure the clearest stress image, observing and analyzing stress spot fringes, carefully observing the stress image through an image receiving device to observe whether there is stress concentration in the image, gradiently capturing stress morphologies at different thicknesses starting from the glass surface, measuring the surface stress of the glass using a surface stress measuring device, obtaining a stress distribution map of the tested glass, identifying locations where light spots are clearly concentrated in the stress image as defects, and determining the depth within the glass; matching the captured images with the stress distribution map one by one, determining the stress condition at the depth of the defect, and judging the stress state at the defect; and comprehensively considering the defect type, defect size, stress state around the defect, stress region where the defect is located, stress magnitude of the glass in the defect region, and ambient temperature factors, performing weighted calculation of a self-explosion risk index, deriving a probability of self-explosion of the curtain wall glass, and evaluating the self-explosion risk of the glass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of curtain wall glass detection, and in particular to a curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection and evaluation method and a detection device. Background Art

[0002] my country has currently become the world's largest producer and user of curtain wall glass, with a total volume exceeding 1 billion square meters. Existing glass curtain walls, under the influence of long-term natural forces and thermal stress, are bound to have problems such as material aging, damage, and loose supporting structures, causing the glass to break, explode, or even fall off entirely, becoming a "time bomb" above the city.

[0003] At present, most of the curtain wall glass used in buildings is tempered glass that has been tempered by heat treatment. The quenching and cooling causes the glass surface to shrink and produce compressive stress, while the tensile stress generated inside is balanced with the surface compressive stress. Figure 1 As shown. Bubbles, cracks or particles inside the glass will destroy the internal stress structure of the glass, causing the glass to explode and shatter. Therefore, it is very important to detect the uniformity of the curtain wall glass. For an example of a reflective glass stress detection device in existing curtain wall detection technology, please refer to Chinese patent document CN204831656U. The detection system consists of a polarizing part and an analyzing part. The polarizing part and the analyzing part of the device are perpendicular to each other, and there is a test space. The reflected polarized light and darkness are used to detect the stress uniformity and internal heterogeneity of the curtain wall glass. Therefore, the direction and angle of the polarized light during detection are the key factors affecting the measurement accuracy. Existing detection devices still sometimes have incorrect polarization angles during detection, resulting in inaccurate detection. At the same time, existing detection methods rely heavily on subjective experience, making it difficult to achieve quantitative judgment of the risk of self-explosion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection and evaluation method and detection device, which has the effects of adjustable polarization light angle and image recording and preservation, thereby improving the detection accuracy of curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk; and proposes the concept and calculation method of the self-explosion risk index.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The method for detecting and evaluating the stress uniformity and self-explosion risk of curtain wall glass of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0007] 1) Initially, the polarization directions of the polarizer and the analyzer are adjusted, and a spontaneous uniform light source is used to illuminate the glass surface through the polarizer. The glass surface reflects the polarized light and transmits it to the image receiving device through the analyzer;

[0008] 2) Arrange the polarizer and analyzer vertically to ensure the clearest stress image. Observe and analyze the stress spot fringes. If the light and dark fringes are spaced and evenly distributed, the stress uniformity of the curtain wall glass is good.

[0009] 3) Using an image receiving device, carefully observe the stress image to see if there is any stress concentration in the image. If the image receiving device finds stress concentration inside the glass, further analysis is performed using an optical camera microscope to collect images;

[0010] 4) Adjust the focal length of the optical camera microscope and capture the stress morphology at different thicknesses starting from the glass surface in a gradient manner. When capturing images in gradients, the gradient is determined by the thickness of the single piece of glass itself. The recommended gradient for glass with a thickness of 6-8mm is 0.2mm. The polarization direction of the analyzer should be adjusted simultaneously when capturing each gradient image to make the captured image as clear as possible;

[0011] 5) Using a surface stress measuring device, measure the surface stress of the glass to obtain a stress distribution diagram of the measured glass. The location where the light spot is obviously concentrated in the stress image is the defect, and its depth inside the glass is determined;

[0012] 6) Compare the collected images with the stress distribution Figure 1 One-to-one correspondence, determine the stress situation at the depth of the defect, and judge the stress state of the defect;

[0013] 7) The closer the defect is to the near-neutral axis and the greater the tensile stress, the greater the risk of the glass self-explosion caused by the defect;

[0014] 8) Use a temperature measuring device to measure and record the surface temperature of the defective glass;

[0015] 9) Finally, taking into account the defect type, defect size, stress state around the defect, stress area where the defect is located, stress size of the glass in the defect area, and ambient temperature factors, a weighted calculation is performed on the self-explosion risk index, and the probability of self-explosion of the curtain wall glass is obtained, and the risk level of the self-explosion risk of the glass is evaluated.

[0016] According to the curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection and evaluation method, it is characterized in that in steps 3-4,

[0017] When the polarized light diffuses significantly in 8 directions, it means that the defect is under compressive stress. When the polarized light diffuses slightly in 4 directions, it means that the defect is under tensile stress. When the polarized light diffuses in 6 directions, it means that the defect is under shear stress.

[0018] According to the curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection and evaluation method, the calculation method of the curtain wall glass self-explosion probability (self-explosion risk index) is as follows:

[0019] (1) Local strength inside curtain wall glass Calculation formula:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula , x is the distance between the impurity and the neutral axis; h is the thickness of the tempered glass,

[0022] , It is the average surface stress of curtain wall glass, which is determined by the performance of the glass itself;

[0023] (2) Average circumferential stress around curtain wall glass defects Calculation formula:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula , is the impurity size influence coefficient, R is the glass stress defect radius; , is the influence coefficient of impurity type on phase change, which is 1 when the impurity is nickel sulfide and 0 when the impurity is other;

[0026] , is the impurity type influence coefficient, ; , Temperature when serving the curtain wall glass;

[0027] (3) Probability of curtain wall glass self-explosion (self-explosion risk index)

[0028]

[0029] The present invention provides a curtain wall glass stress uniformity detection device using a curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection and evaluation method, comprising a polarizer assembly and an analyzer assembly, characterized in that the device further comprises a connecting assembly, a light shielding assembly, and a microscopic analysis assembly. The polarizer assembly comprises a stacked plate-shaped light source, a light homogenizing plate, and an angle-adjustable polarizer, and the analyzer assembly comprises a stacked angle-adjustable analyzer and an observation window.

[0030] The polarizer assembly and the analyzer assembly are connected together by a connecting assembly. The polarizer assembly and the analyzer assembly are rectangular structures as a whole. After the two assemblies are connected, one side of the two assemblies touches and forms a certain angle. A light shielding assembly is provided on the side of the two assemblies. The light shielding assembly is made of opaque flexible material. The flared structure formed by the polarizer assembly and the analyzer assembly is buckled on the curtain wall glass to be tested. The space enclosed by the light shielding assembly, the polarizer assembly and the analyzer assembly is the test space.

[0031] The connecting assembly is provided with a sliding bracket perpendicular to the plane where the polarizer assembly is located. The sliding bracket is provided with a microscopic analysis assembly. The microscopic analysis assembly includes an optical camera microscope and a display facing the polarizer assembly. The image on the polarizer assembly collected by the optical camera microscope is displayed on the display.

[0032] According to the curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection device, the connecting component includes a polarizing frame that encapsulates the polarizer assembly, a polarizing frame that encapsulates the analyzer assembly, and a hinged component between the polarizing frame and the analyzer frame. The hinged component connects the polarizing frame and the analyzer frame and fixes the two at a certain angle.

[0033] According to the curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection device, support rod components are further provided on both sides of the contact between the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame. The support rod components on both sides of the contact between the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame are symmetrically arranged. The support rod components include two support rods and fixing bolts. One ends of the two support rods are respectively hinged to the sides of the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame, and the other ends of the two support rods are connected by fixing bolts. The fixing bolts hinge the two support rods and can fix the angle between the two support rods. After the two support rods are spread apart, the angle between the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame is fixed.

[0034] According to the curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection device, the angle-adjustable polarizer is circular, a polarizing annular groove is provided in the polarizing frame, the polarizing annular groove opens inward, a polarizing adjustment long hole is provided on the side surface to connect to the polarizing annular groove, the annular groove is embedded in the angle-adjustable polarizer, and the edge of the angle-adjustable polarizer is provided with a polarizing rotation anti-slip groove, the polarizing rotation anti-slip groove leaks out at the polarizing adjustment long hole, and the angle-adjustable polarizer can be rotated at the polarizing adjustment long hole.

[0035] According to the curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection device, the angle-adjustable polarizer is circular, a polarizer annular groove is provided in the polarizer frame, the polarizer annular groove opens inward, a polarizer adjustment long hole is provided on the side surface to connect to the polarizer annular groove, the annular groove is embedded in the angle-adjustable polarizer, and the edge of the angle-adjustable polarizer is provided with a polarizer rotation anti-slip groove, the polarizer rotation anti-slip groove leaks out at the polarizer adjustment long hole, and the angle-adjustable polarizer can be rotated at the polarizer adjustment long hole.

[0036] According to the curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection device, a slide groove is provided on the deflection analysis frame, and the sliding bracket is movable in the slide groove.

[0037] According to the curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection device, the light source is provided with a switch on the connecting component.

[0038] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0039] The polarizer and detector plates are designed with adjustable angles, enabling observation of stress uniformity at various angles, improving testing effectiveness. An optical camera microscope is installed to continuously collect polarized light data and store it for later analysis, resulting in a more accurate detection of stress uniformity in curtain wall glass. The optical microscope is capable of mobile observation, allowing the polarizer assembly and microanalysis assembly to be connected without affecting their relative movement. This ensures that the reflected polarized light signals collected by the optical microscope originate from the same detection layer, thus ensuring the accuracy of curtain wall glass stress uniformity testing.

[0040] By adjusting the focal length of the optical microscope, the reflected polarized light signal inside the curtain wall glass can be collected, which can detect the overall stress uniformity of the curtain wall glass and help improve the accuracy of the overall structural performance evaluation of the curtain wall glass.

[0041] A display is provided to observe the polarized light status of the curtain wall glass in real time; a shading component is designed on the side to improve the shading effect.

[0042] The definition of the self-explosion probability of curtain wall glass (self-explosion risk index) is proposed and a calculation method is given to quantitatively evaluate the self-explosion risk of curtain wall glass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal stress distribution of curtain wall glass.

[0044] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention,

[0045] Figure 3 is a top view of a polarizer assembly of the present invention,

[0046] Figure 4 is a side cutaway view of the polarizer assembly of the present invention,

[0047] Figure 5 is a top view cutaway view of the analyzer assembly of the present invention,

[0048] Figure 6 is a side cutaway view of the analyzer assembly of the present invention,

[0049] Figure 7 This is the nickel sulfide stress spot detection image of curtain wall glass defects.

[0050] Figure 8 This is the nickel sulfide optical detection image of curtain wall glass defects.

[0051] Figure 9 This is the image of the single element silicon stress spot detection of curtain wall glass defects.

[0052] Figure 10It is an optical inspection image of curtain wall glass defects using single-element silicon.

[0053] Figure numerals: 1. Polarizer assembly; 101. Light source; 102. Switch; 103. Light-homogenizing plate; 104. Angle-adjustable polarizer, 105. Polarizer rotation anti-slip groove; 2. Analyzer assembly; 201. Angle-adjustable analyzer; 202. Observation window, 203. Analyzer rotation anti-slip groove; 3. Microanalysis assembly; 301. Optical microscope; 302. Display; 4. Connecting assembly; 401. Polarizer frame; 402. Analyzer frame; 403. Polarizer adjustment long hole; 404. Support rod; 405. Bolt; 406. Sliding bracket, 407. Analyzer adjustment long hole, 408. Polarizer annular groove, 409. Analyzer annular groove; 5. Shading assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The specific content of the present invention will be further described below:

[0055] The method for detecting and evaluating the stress uniformity and self-explosion risk of curtain wall glass of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:

[0056] 1) Initially, the polarization directions of the polarizer and the analyzer are adjusted, and a spontaneous uniform light source is used to illuminate the glass surface through the polarizer. The glass surface reflects the polarized light and transmits it to the image receiving device through the analyzer;

[0057] 2) Arrange the polarizer and analyzer vertically to ensure the clearest stress image. Observe and analyze the stress spot fringes. If the light and dark fringes are spaced and evenly distributed, the stress uniformity of the curtain wall glass is good.

[0058] 3) Using an image receiving device, carefully observe the stress image to see if there is any stress concentration in the image. If the image receiving device finds stress concentration inside the glass, further analysis is performed using an optical camera microscope to collect images;

[0059] 4) Adjust the focal length of the optical camera microscope and capture the stress morphology at different thicknesses starting from the glass surface in a gradient manner. When capturing images in gradients, the gradient is determined by the thickness of the single piece of glass itself. The recommended gradient for glass with a thickness of 6-8mm is 0.2mm. The polarization direction of the analyzer should be adjusted simultaneously when capturing each gradient image to make the captured image as clear as possible;

[0060] 5) Using a surface stress measuring device, measure the surface stress of the glass to obtain a stress distribution diagram of the measured glass. The location where the light spot is obviously concentrated in the stress image is the defect, and its location is determined to be deep inside the glass;

[0061] 6) Compare the collected images with the stress distribution Figure 1One-to-one correspondence, determine the stress situation at the depth of the defect, and judge the stress state of the defect;

[0062] 7) The closer the defect is to the near-neutral axis and the greater the tensile stress, the greater the risk of the glass self-explosion caused by the defect;

[0063] 8) Use a temperature measuring device to measure and record the surface temperature of the defective glass;

[0064] 9) Finally, taking into account factors such as defect type, defect size, stress state around the defect, stress area where the defect is located, stress level of the glass in the defect area, and ambient temperature, a weighted calculation is performed on the self-explosion risk index, and the probability of self-explosion of the curtain wall glass is obtained, and the risk level of the self-explosion risk of the glass is evaluated.

[0065] When the polarized light diffuses significantly in 8 directions, it means that the defect is under compressive stress. When the polarized light diffuses slightly in 4 directions, it means that the defect is under tensile stress. When the polarized light diffuses in 6 directions, it means that the defect is under shear stress.

[0066] Curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection and evaluation method, curtain wall glass self-explosion probability calculation method is:

[0067] (1) Local strength inside curtain wall glass Calculation formula:

[0068]

[0069] In the formula , x is the distance between the impurity and the neutral axis; h is the thickness of the tempered glass,

[0070] , It is the average surface stress of curtain wall glass, which is determined by the performance of the glass itself;

[0071] (2) Average circumferential stress around curtain wall glass defects Calculation formula:

[0072]

[0073] In the formula , is the impurity size influence coefficient, R is the glass stress defect radius; , is the influence coefficient of impurity type on phase change, which is 1 when the impurity is nickel sulfide and 0 when the impurity is other;

[0074] , is the impurity type influence coefficient, ; , Temperature when serving the curtain wall glass;

[0075] (3) Probability of curtain wall glass self-explosion (self-explosion risk index)

[0076]

[0077] The present invention is a curtain wall glass stress uniformity detection device which is implemented by the curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection and evaluation method. Figure 2 As shown, the curtain wall glass uniformity detection device includes a polarizer component 1 and an analyzer component 2, and also includes a connecting component 4, a shading component 5 and a microscopic analysis component 3.

[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, the polarizer assembly 1 comprises a stacked, plate-shaped light source 101, a diffuser 103, and an adjustable polarizer 104. The light source, switch, diffuser, and adjustable polarizer are tightly fitted and sealed. The diffuser converts the divergent light from the light source into parallel light, which then passes through the adjustable polarizer and is polarized, incident on the curtain wall glass. A switch is provided on the connecting assembly of the light source 101, which is connected to an external power source via wires.

[0079] like Figure 5 As shown, the analyzer assembly 2 includes a stacked angle-adjustable analyzer plate 201 and an observation window 202. The polarizer assembly 1 and the analyzer assembly 2 are connected together via a connecting assembly 4, which includes a polarizing frame encapsulating the polarizer assembly 1 and an analyzing frame encapsulating the analyzer assembly 2. A hinged member between the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame connects the two frames and secures them at a specific angle. The hinged member is located at the edge where the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame meet.

[0080] The polarizer assembly 1 and the analyzer assembly 2 are rectangular structures as a whole. After the two components are connected, one side of the two components touches and forms a certain angle. A light shielding assembly 5 is provided on the side of the two components. The light shielding assembly 5 is made of opaque flexible material. The flared structure formed by the polarizer assembly 1 and the analyzer assembly 2 is buckled on the curtain wall glass to be tested. The space enclosed by the light shielding assembly 5, the polarizer assembly 1 and the analyzer assembly 2 is the test space;

[0081] The connecting assembly is provided with a sliding bracket 406, which is perpendicular to the plane of the analyzer assembly 2 and is movable within a slide slot. A microscopic analysis assembly 3 is mounted on the sliding bracket 406. The microscopic analysis assembly 3 includes an optical camera microscope 301 facing the analyzer assembly 2 and a display 302. The optical camera microscope 301 captures an image of the analyzer assembly 2 and displays it on the display 302.

[0082] The polarizer assembly 1 and the analyzer assembly 2 are connected together by a connecting assembly 4, so that the movement of the polarizer assembly will not affect the incident polarized light. The reflected polarized light is converted into an optical signal for analyzing stress defects in the curtain wall glass through the angle-adjustable analyzer and the observation window. The optical signal is collected and photographed by an optical microscope. The angle-adjustable analyzer, the observation window, the optical microscope and the display are fixed, so that the optical microscope can better collect the optical signal showing the stress defects in the curtain wall glass.

[0083] There are also support rod components on both sides of the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame. The support rod components on both sides of the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame are symmetrically arranged. The support rod components include two support rods and fixing bolts. One end of the two support rods is hinged to the side of the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame respectively, and the other ends of the two support rods are connected by fixing bolts. The fixing bolts hinge the two support rods and can fix the angle between the two support rods. After the two support rods are spread apart, the angle between the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame is fixed.

[0084] In order to realize the adjustable angle of polarizer and polarizer, such as Figure 2 、 3 As shown in Figures 4 and 5 , the angle-adjustable polarizer 104 is circular, with a polarizing annular groove provided in the polarizing frame, the opening of the polarizing annular groove facing inward, a polarizing adjustment slot provided on the side thereof connected to the polarizing annular groove, the annular groove being embedded in the angle-adjustable polarizer 104, and a polarizing rotation anti-slip groove provided on the edge of the angle-adjustable polarizer 104, the polarizing rotation anti-slip groove being exposed at the polarizing adjustment slot, and the angle-adjustable polarizer 104 being rotatable at the polarizing adjustment slot. The angle-adjustable polarizer 201 is circular, with a polarizing annular groove provided in the polarizing frame, the opening of the polarizing annular groove facing inward, a polarizing adjustment slot provided on the side thereof connected to the polarizing annular groove, the annular groove being embedded in the angle-adjustable polarizer 201, and a polarizing rotation anti-slip groove provided on the edge of the angle-adjustable polarizer 201, the polarizing rotation anti-slip groove being exposed at the polarizing adjustment slot, and the angle-adjustable polarizer 201 being rotatable at the polarizing adjustment slot.

[0085] The curtain wall glass uniformity detection process is further described in conjunction with the curtain wall glass uniformity detection device, including the following steps:

[0086] 1) Clean the surface of the curtain wall glass to be inspected, turn on the light source, optical camera microscope, and display screen, and preheat for 20 minutes;

[0087] 2) Adjust the connecting assembly between the polarizer and analyzer assemblies to the appropriate angle. Then, position the outer edges of the polarizer and analyzer assemblies against the curtain wall glass and secure them. The test space enclosed by the shading assembly, polarizer assembly, and analyzer assembly is adjustable, increasing the detectable angle range. The shading assembly is then opened to block both sides of the device, effectively preventing sunlight from interfering with the test light and affecting the test results.

[0088] 3) Adjust the position of the sliding bracket and the optical camera microscope to ensure that the optical camera microscope can observe all positions within the observation window area;

[0089] 4) Adjust the angle of the adjustable polarizer and analyzer to adjust the light polarization and analysis angles, and observe polarized light signals at different angles in the same inspection area. In the past, the angles of the polarizer and analyzer were not adjustable, and some curtain wall defects were not obvious when observed under a single angle of polarized light, which could cause the curtain wall stress uniformity inspection to be missed. By adding an angle-adjustable device, the light polarization and analysis angles can be adjusted. Observing polarized light signals at different angles in the same inspection area can effectively eliminate missed inspections;

[0090] 5) Adjust the focus of the microscope. After the microscope is preheated, you can start adjusting the focus of the microscope so that the microscope can clearly receive the polarized light signals at the top and bottom of the curtain wall glass. Since bubbles and defects in the curtain wall glass may appear at different levels, it is very necessary to detect polarized light signals at different levels. The focus interval of the microscope can be set to 0.2mm.

[0091] 6) Capture polarized light signals. Adjust the position of the optical camera microscope using a sliding bracket. Use a monitor to capture and collect polarized light signals at different locations within the same layer. Ensure that the polarized light signals are clear and the detection area is fully covered. Then adjust the microscope focus. For every 180-degree rotation, lower the microscope focus by 0.2 mm and capture a layer signal until the polarized light signals of the entire curtain wall glass are fully collected. Save the complete polarized light signal data for storage and analysis.

[0092] 7) Analyze the test data, arrange the collected polarized light signal data at different levels and positions, analyze the location and size of the internal defects of the curtain wall glass through the polarized light signal, and perform data image analysis;

[0093] 8) When stress image analysis shows that the curtain wall glass stress defect spot is as follows Figure 7 As shown, the optical image is as Figure 8 Determine the location, size, and type of the defect, substitute the surface stress value of the curtain wall glass and the relevant parameters of the stress defect into the calculation formula, and the probability of self-explosion of the curtain wall glass can be obtained.

[0094] Example of calculating the probability of self-explosion of curtain wall glass

[0095] (1) Define P as the probability of self-explosion of curtain wall glass (self-explosion risk index):

[0096]

[0097] In the formula is the average circumferential stress around the curtain wall glass defect, It is the local strength inside the curtain wall glass;

[0098] (2) Local strength of curtain wall glass The calculation formula is:

[0099]

[0100] In the formula , using an optical microscope to collect stress images and optical images such as Figure 7 、 8 As shown in the figure, by adjusting the focal length, the distance between the impurity and the neutral axis is measured to be x = 1mm; the surface stress of the curtain wall glass is measured by the surface stress meter. =95 MPa, the glass thickness gauge measures the thickness of the tempered glass to be 6 mm, and the formula is substituted to calculate:

[0101]

[0102] =130.53 MPa

[0103] (3) Average circumferential stress around curtain wall glass defects Calculation formula:

[0104]

[0105] In the formula , is the impurity size influence coefficient. Through further observation and measurement, it is determined that the impurity particles are nickel sulfide with a radius of R = 0.2mm. Therefore ;

[0106] , is the influence coefficient of impurity type on thermal expansion, 0.27;

[0107] , use the temperature measuring instrument to determine that the service temperature T of the curtain wall glass is 30 degrees Celsius, and substitute the value into the formula to calculate;

[0108]

[0109] =156.11 MPa

[0110] (4) Calculate the probability of self-explosion of curtain wall glass (self-explosion risk index) P as follows:

[0111]

[0112] =79.59%

[0113] When stress image analysis shows that the curtain wall glass stress defect spot is as follows Figure 9 As shown, the optical image is as Figure 10 Determine the location, size, and type of the defect, substitute the surface stress value of the curtain wall glass and the relevant parameters of the stress defect into the calculation formula, and the probability of self-explosion of the curtain wall glass can be obtained.

[0114] Example of calculating the probability of self-explosion of curtain wall glass

[0115] (1) Define P as the probability of self-explosion of curtain wall glass (self-explosion risk index):

[0116]

[0117] In the formula is the average circumferential stress around the curtain wall glass defect, It is the local strength inside the curtain wall glass;

[0118] (2) Local strength of curtain wall glass The calculation formula is:

[0119]

[0120] In the formula , using an optical microscope to collect stress images and optical images such as Figure 9 、 10 As shown in the figure, by adjusting the focal length, the distance between the impurity and the neutral axis is measured to be x = 0.5 mm; the surface stress of the curtain wall glass is measured by the surface stress meter. =95 MPa, the glass thickness gauge measures the thickness of the tempered glass to be 6 mm, and the formula is substituted to calculate:

[0121]

[0122] =123.51 MPa

[0123] (3) Average circumferential stress around curtain wall glass defects Calculation formula:

[0124]

[0125] In the formula , is the impurity size influence coefficient. Through further observation and measurement, it is determined that the impurity particles are simple silicon with a radius of R = 0.3 mm. Therefore ;

[0126] , is the influence coefficient of impurity type on thermal expansion, 0.28;

[0127] , use the temperature measuring instrument to determine that the service temperature T of the curtain wall glass is 30 degrees Celsius, and substitute the value into the formula to calculate;

[0128]

[0129] =106.08 MPa

[0130] (4) Calculate the probability of self-explosion of curtain wall glass (self-explosion risk index) P as follows:

[0131]

[0132] =45.89%

[0133] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and evaluating the stress uniformity and self-explosion risk of curtain wall glass, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Initially, the polarization directions of the polarizer and the analyzer are adjusted, and a uniform light source is used to illuminate the glass surface through the polarizer. The glass surface reflects the polarized light and transmits it to the image receiving device through the analyzer; 2) Arrange the polarizer and analyzer vertically to ensure the clearest stress image. Observe and analyze the stress spot fringes. If the light and dark fringes are spaced and evenly distributed, the stress uniformity of the curtain wall glass is good. 3) Using an image receiving device, carefully observe the stress image to see if there is any stress concentration in the image. If the image receiving device finds stress concentration inside the glass, further analysis is performed using an optical camera microscope to collect images; 4) Adjust the focal length of the optical camera microscope and capture the stress morphology at different thicknesses starting from the glass surface in a gradient manner. When capturing images in gradients, the gradient is determined by the thickness of the single piece of glass itself. The recommended gradient for glass with a thickness of 6-8mm is 0.2mm. The polarization direction of the analyzer should be adjusted simultaneously when capturing each gradient image to make the captured image as clear as possible; 5) Using a surface stress measuring device, measure the surface stress of the glass to obtain a stress distribution diagram of the measured glass. The location where the light spot is obviously concentrated in the stress image is the defect, and its location is determined to be deep inside the glass; 6) Match the collected images with the stress distribution map one by one to determine the stress conditions at the depth of the defect. Determine the stress state of the defect; 7) The closer the defect is to the near-neutral axis and the greater the tensile stress, the greater the risk of the defect causing the glass to explode. 8) Use a temperature measuring device to measure and record the surface temperature of the defective glass; 9) Finally, the defect type, defect size, stress state around the defect, stress area where the defect is located, glass stress factor in the defect area, and ambient temperature factor are comprehensively considered to derive the probability of self-explosion of the curtain wall glass and evaluate the risk level of the self-explosion risk of the glass.

2. The curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection and evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 3, when the polarized light diffuses significantly in 8 directions, it indicates that the defect is subjected to compressive stress. When the polarized light diffuses slightly in 4 directions, it indicates that the defect is subjected to tensile stress. When the polarized light diffuses in 6 directions, it indicates that the defect is subjected to shear stress.

3. The curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection and evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation method of the probability of self-explosion of curtain wall glass is: (1) Calculation formula for the local strength σ0 inside the curtain wall glass: σ0=160+F(x)C p In the formula x is the distance between the impurity and the neutral axis, h is the thickness of the tempered glass, C p =σ c , σ c It is the average surface stress of curtain wall glass, which is determined by the performance of the glass itself; (2) Average circumferential stress σ around the curtain wall glass defect m Calculation formula: In the formula is the impurity size influence coefficient, R is the glass stress defect radius; or 1, is the influence coefficient of impurity type on phase change, which is 1 when the impurity is nickel sulfide and 0 when the impurity is other; is the impurity type influence coefficient, E2 and μ2 are basic parameters of impurities; F (T) =ΔT=550-T, T is the temperature of the curtain wall glass when in service; (3) Probability of curtain wall glass self-explosion 4. A device for detecting curtain wall glass stress uniformity using the curtain wall glass stress uniformity and self-explosion risk detection and evaluation method according to claim 1, comprising a polarizer assembly (1) and an analyzer assembly (2), characterized in that: It also includes a connecting component (4), a light shielding component (5) and a microscopic analysis component (3); the polarizer component (1) includes a plate-shaped light source (101), a light emitting plate (103) and an angle-adjustable polarizer (104) that are stacked together; and the analyzer component (2) includes an angle-adjustable analyzer (201) and an observation window (202) that are stacked together. The polarizer assembly (1) and the analyzer assembly (2) are connected together through a connecting assembly (4). The polarizer assembly (1) and the analyzer assembly (2) are rectangular structures as a whole. After the two assemblies are connected, one side of the two assemblies contacts and forms a certain angle. A light shielding assembly (5) is provided on the side of the two assemblies. The light shielding assembly (5) is made of a light-proof flexible material. The flared structure formed by the polarizer assembly (1) and the analyzer assembly (2) is buckled on the curtain wall glass to be tested. The space enclosed by the light shielding assembly (5), the polarizer assembly (1) and the analyzer assembly (2) is a test space. The connecting assembly is provided with a sliding bracket (406) perpendicular to the plane where the polarizer assembly (2) is located. The sliding bracket (406) is provided with a microscopic analysis assembly (3). The microscopic analysis assembly (3) includes an optical camera microscope (301) facing the polarizer assembly (2) and a display (302). The image on the polarizer assembly (2) collected by the optical camera microscope (301) is displayed on the display (302).

5. The curtain wall glass stress uniformity detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting assembly comprises a polarizing frame that encapsulates the polarizer assembly (1), an analyzing frame that encapsulates the analyzer assembly (2), and a hinged component between the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame. The hinged component connects the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame and fixes the two at a certain angle.

6. The curtain wall glass stress uniformity detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two sides where the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame contact are further provided with support rod components. The support rod components on both sides where the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame contact are symmetrically arranged. The support rod components include two support rods and fixing bolts. One end of the two support rods is hinged to the side of the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame respectively, and the other ends of the two support rods are connected by fixing bolts. The fixing bolts hinge the two support rods and can fix the angle between the two support rods. When the two support rods are stretched apart, the angle between the polarizing frame and the analyzing frame is fixed.

7. The curtain wall glass stress uniformity detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle-adjustable polarizer (104) is circular, a polarizing annular groove is provided in a polarizing frame, the polarizing annular groove opening is inwardly facing, a polarizing adjustment long hole is provided on the side surface to communicate with the polarizing annular groove, the annular groove is embedded in the angle-adjustable polarizer (104), and a polarizing rotation anti-slip pattern is provided on the edge of the angle-adjustable polarizer (104), the polarizing rotation anti-slip pattern leaks out at the polarizing adjustment long hole, and the angle-adjustable polarizer (104) can be rotated at the polarizing adjustment long hole.

8. The curtain wall glass stress uniformity detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle-adjustable polarizer (201) is circular, and a polarizer annular groove is provided in the polarizer frame, the polarizer annular groove opening is inwardly facing, a polarizer adjustment slot is provided on the side thereof and connected to the polarizer annular groove, the annular groove is embedded in the angle-adjustable polarizer (201), and the edge of the angle-adjustable polarizer (201) is provided with a polarizer rotation anti-slip groove, the polarizer rotation anti-slip groove leaks out at the polarizer adjustment slot, and the angle-adjustable polarizer (201) can be rotated at the polarizer adjustment slot.

9. The curtain wall glass stress uniformity detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A slide groove is provided on the deflection analysis frame, and the sliding bracket (406) is movable in the slide groove.

10. The curtain wall glass stress uniformity detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The light source (101) is provided with a switch on the connecting component.

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