A high-temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag test device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of dross testing of high-temperature alloy master alloy ingots, and provides a dross testing device for high-temperature alloy master alloy ingots, comprising a vacuum induction furnace, the vacuum induction furnace comprising a furnace body, a furnace cover disposed at the top of the furnace body, a crucible disposed within the furnace body, an observation hole formed in the furnace cover, an imaging window device disposed above the observation hole, and a camera device disposed above the imaging window device; the camera device has a downward-facing lens, the lens, the observation hole, and the crucible being coaxial; the output end of the camera device is connected to an industrial control computer; the camera device is configured to capture the melt surface in the crucible and transmit the obtained liquid surface image to the industrial control computer, which is configured to calculate the dross area ratio of the melt surface based on the received liquid surface image. The present invention can improve the efficiency and stability of dross testing of high-temperature alloy master alloy ingots, and can obtain a complete circular image of the static melt surface in the crucible, while being unaffected by the high temperature within the furnace, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of calculating the dross area ratio.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slag testing of high-temperature alloy master alloy ingots, in particular to a slag testing device for high-temperature alloy master alloy ingots. Background Art

[0002] Superalloys refer to nickel-, nickel-iron-, and cobalt-based alloys with a face-centered cubic structure suitable for temperatures above 540°C. They are categorized into deformed superalloys, cast superalloys (equiaxed cast superalloys, directionally solidified columnar superalloys, and single crystal superalloys), welding superalloy wire, powder metallurgy superalloys, and dispersion-strengthened superalloys. Superalloys can operate for extended periods under high-temperature stresses and in extreme environments. They are structural materials with higher temperature tolerances than iron-based alloys like steel, making them essential for national defense and economic development.

[0003] Superalloys are primarily used in aerospace, nuclear reactors, energy, transportation, and petrochemicals. Aerospace accounts for over 50% of superalloy consumption. High-temperature alloys make up over 50% of the total weight of aircraft engines, representing the source of aircraft engine advancements and the foundation for my country's independent aircraft engine development. Cast superalloys are primarily used in the production of turbine blades and guide vanes for aircraft engines and industrial gas turbines.

[0004] High-temperature alloys are subject to stringent requirements for surface quality, mechanical properties, and dimensional accuracy during their application. A key indicator of the purity of a cast superalloy master alloy is the inclusion content. "HB 5406-1988 Test Method for Dross in Cast Superalloy Ingots" uses a vacuum melting dross test method to measure inclusion content in the master alloy and characterize the alloy's purity. "HB 5406-2016 Test Method for Dross in Cast Superalloy Ingots" replaced "HB 5406-1988 Test Method for Dross in Cast Superalloy Ingots" and continues to be used today. The slag test detection method is to melt the master alloy in a vacuum induction furnace. When the melt temperature reaches 180°C above the liquidus temperature (TL) of the alloy [i.e. (TL+180)°C±10°C], the power is turned off and the temperature is lowered to 130°C above the liquidus temperature [i.e. (TL+130)°C±10°C]. The slag on the liquid surface in the field of view is visually observed and electronically recorded using a digital camera when necessary. The resolution of the digital camera should be no less than 3 million.

[0005] In the existing scum test technology, the scum area percentage is calculated by using the picture evaluation method or the quantitative calculation method: (1) Picture evaluation method: For alloys with limited scum area percentage levels, the scum area percentage evaluation picture is used to evaluate the scum area percentage. The scum area is divided into six levels according to the percentage of the field of view area: 0.5% (level 0), 1% (level 1), 2% (level 2), 3% (level 3), 4% (level 4), and 5% (level 5). Each level includes three pictures of scum with different distribution forms. The scum distribution form of the liquid surface in the field of view is compared with the evaluation picture, and the evaluation picture that is closest to the scum distribution form is selected and recorded. The scum evaluation result is expressed in the scum area percentage level. (2) Quantitative calculation method: For alloys that require the scum area percentage value, the scum area percentage calculation and analysis software is used to quantitatively calculate the electronic record picture and give the calculation result.

[0006] The traditional slag test technology has the following problems: (1) The observation window of the traditional vacuum furnace is set on the side of the crucible. When photographing the melt surface, it is impossible to photograph directly above the melt. The photographed melt surface image is elliptical or semicircular, and a complete circular melt surface image cannot be obtained. (2) When using software to calculate the slag area, since the photographed image is not a complete circle, the image defects formed by the photographing have a great impact on the data analysis, making the melt surface area, slag area and proportion calculation results inaccurate. (3) The slag area and proportion are estimated by human visual observation and recognition methods, and the estimation results are inaccurate, resulting in inaccurate slag test judgment results. (4) The melting crucible used in the traditional slag test requires a furnace sintering process, that is, the formed crucible is first wrapped with refractory sand and then sintered at high temperature before it can be used. However, melting different types of alloys requires the crucible to be dismantled and re-furnace sintered, which makes the crucible preparation time long (at least 24 hours). After the crucible is used, the residual material adhering to the crucible wall cannot be completely removed, which seriously affects the accuracy of the next furnace slag test. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a slag testing device for high-temperature alloy master alloy ingots, which can improve the efficiency and stability of the slag test of high-temperature alloy master alloy ingots, and can obtain a complete circular image of the static melt liquid surface in the crucible. At the same time, it is not affected by the high temperature in the furnace, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the slag area ratio calculation.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0009] A slag testing device for a high-temperature alloy master alloy ingot comprises a vacuum induction furnace 5, the vacuum induction furnace 5 comprising a furnace body and a furnace cover disposed at the top of the furnace body, a crucible 4 disposed in the furnace body, an observation hole formed in the furnace cover, an imaging window device 1 disposed above the observation hole, and a camera device 2 disposed above the imaging window device 1;

[0010] The lens of the camera device 2 faces downward, and the lens, observation hole and crucible 4 are coaxial; the output end of the camera device 2 is connected to the industrial computer 3; the camera device 2 is used to shoot the liquid surface of the melt in the crucible 4 and transmit the obtained liquid surface image to the industrial computer 3, and the industrial computer 3 is used to calculate the slag area ratio of the melt surface based on the received liquid surface image.

[0011] Furthermore, the imaging window device 1 includes a window body 1-1, a glass mounting block fixed to the top of the window body 1-1, a multi-station insulating glass layer mounted on the glass mounting block, an outer layer of glass 1-7 and a multi-hole driving device 1-8; a first window hole 1-9 is opened in the window body 1-1, and the bottom end of the window body 1-1 is fixed in the observation hole; the outer layer of glass 1-7 is circular and is arranged above the multi-station insulating glass layer, and the multi-station insulating glass layer includes a circular glass mounting plate 1-10, and the glass mounting plate 1-10 is evenly opened with a plurality of first mounting holes along the circumference, and an inner layer of glass 1-6 is fixed in each of the first mounting holes; the multi-hole driving device 1-8 is used to drive the glass mounting plate 1-10 to rotate, and when one of the inner layer of glass 1-6 rotates to the bottom of the outer layer of glass 1-7, the inner layer of glass 1-6, the outer layer of glass 1-7, the first window hole 1-9 and the observation hole are coaxial.

[0012] Furthermore, the glass mounting block includes, from bottom to top, a first lower mounting block 1-3, a second lower mounting block 1-5, a second upper mounting block 1-4, and a first upper mounting block 1-2. Each mounting block is provided with a second window hole. The first lower mounting block 1-3 is fixed to the top of the window body 1-1. The second window hole is coaxial with the first window hole 1-9.

[0013] The bottom end of the first upper mounting block 1-2 and the top end of the second upper mounting block 1-4 are respectively provided with a first circular groove and a second circular groove, and the outer glass 1-7 is clamped in the first circular groove and the second circular groove;

[0014] The top of the second lower mounting block 1-5 and the bottom of the second upper mounting block 1-4 are respectively provided with a coaxial third circular groove and a fourth circular groove, a fifth circular groove is provided in the middle of the third circular groove, the multi-station heat-insulating glass layer is arranged in the third circular groove, a first rotating shaft extends downward from the middle bottom end of the glass mounting plate 1-10, and the first rotating shaft extends into the fifth circular groove; a rotating shaft is provided above the multi-station heat-insulating glass layer, which is coaxial with and fixedly connected to the glass mounting plate 1-10 The inner gear 1-11 has a sixth circular groove at the bottom end of the inner gear 1-11; the second upper mounting block 1-4 has a second mounting hole; the porous driving device 1-8 includes a rotating handwheel 1-8-1, and the bottom end of the rotating handwheel 1-8-1 is fixed with a second rotating shaft 1-8-2, and the bottom end of the second rotating shaft 1-8-2 passes downward through the second mounting hole and extends into the third circular groove and is fixedly connected with an outer gear 1-8-3, and the outer gear 1-8-3 is meshed with the inner gear 1-11, and a nut sleeve 1-8-4 is fixed on the top end of the second upper mounting block 1-4, and the inner side wall of the nut sleeve 1-8-4 is provided with an internal thread in the upper section, and an adjusting nut 1-8-5 is fixed on the second rotating shaft 1-8-2, and the outer side wall of the adjusting nut 1-8-5 is provided with an external thread in the lower section, and the adjusting nut 1-8-5 is threadedly connected to the nut sleeve 1-8-4.

[0015] Furthermore, the first lower mounting block 1-3 is fixedly connected to the second lower mounting block 1-5, the second upper mounting block 1-4 is fixedly connected to the first upper mounting block 1-2, and the second lower mounting block 1-5 is connected to the second upper mounting block 1-4 on one side by a hinge 1-12 and on the other side by a locking mechanism 1-13.

[0016] Furthermore, the porous driving device 1-8 is equipped with a sealing assembly, which includes a first gasket 1-8-6, an elastic sealing ring 1-8-7, and a second gasket 1-8-8, all of which are mounted on the second rotating shaft 1-8-2; the first gasket 1-8-6 is arranged in the second mounting hole, the elastic sealing ring 1-8-7 is arranged on the part of the second rotating shaft 1-8-2 between the first gasket 1-8-6 and the adjusting nut 1-8-5, and the second gasket 1-8-8 is arranged between the first gasket 1-8-6 and the external gear 1-8-3.

[0017] Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the elastic sealing ring 1-8-7 is X-shaped.

[0018] Furthermore, the first viewing hole 1-9 is truncated cone-shaped, and the bottom end of the first lower mounting block 1-3 is provided with a truncated cone-shaped groove coaxial with the second viewing hole, and the bottom diameter of the truncated cone-shaped groove is equal to the top diameter of the first viewing hole 1-9.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer wall of the window body 1-1 is connected to the inner wall of the observation hole through a flip-up buckle, and the inner layer of glass 1-6 is connected to the inner wall of the first mounting hole through a clip structure.

[0020] Furthermore, a shielding device 6 is provided in the furnace body between the observation hole and the crucible 4. The shielding device 6 is a pneumatic shielding plate or an electric shielding plate. The shielding device 6 is electrically connected to the industrial computer 3. The industrial computer 3 is used to control the shielding device 6 to move the shielding plate to the bottom of the observation hole when shooting is not required, and to control the shielding device 6 to move the shielding plate away from the bottom of the observation hole when shooting is required.

[0021] Furthermore, the crucible 4 includes an outer crucible 4-1, an inner crucible 4-2 is arranged inside the outer crucible 4-1, a first insulation layer 4-3 is arranged between the inner crucible 4-2 and the outer crucible 4-1, and a second insulation layer 4-4 is arranged on the outer wall of the outer crucible 4-1, and a coil 4-5 is arranged on the outer wall of the second insulation layer 4-4.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) The present invention arranges an imaging window device and a camera device directly above the crucible, and arranges an industrial control computer, so as to monitor the melting process in the crucible in real time, and timely capture a complete circular image of the static melt surface in the crucible, thereby avoiding the quantitative calculation error caused by image distortion caused by traditional window angle shooting, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of the calculation of the slag area ratio.

[0024] (2) The present invention forms a double-layer glass structure by arranging a multi-position heat-insulating glass layer with multiple inner layers of glass uniformly inlaid along the circumference in the glass mounting block at the top of the window body, and fixing an outer layer of glass above the multi-position heat-insulating glass layer. The outer layer of glass is used to realize vacuuming inside the vacuum induction furnace, and the inner layer of glass is used to prevent dust and splashing. At the same time, a multi-hole driving device is provided to drive the multi-position heat-insulating glass layer to rotate, so that when one inner layer of glass is contaminated or damaged, it can be quickly switched to another inner layer of glass, thereby reducing the influence of high temperature on the shooting work, ensuring smooth shooting of the camera device, and making the slag test stable and continuous.

[0025] (3) The present invention forms a glass mounting block by arranging four mounting blocks, and the two lower mounting blocks are fixedly connected, and the two upper mounting blocks are fixedly connected. The middle lower mounting block and the upper mounting block are connected by a hinge on one side and by a locking mechanism on the other side. The inner layer of glass can be inspected and replaced by opening the locking mechanism and rotating the two upper mounting blocks upward, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency and further ensuring that the slag test is stable and continuous.

[0026] (4) The present invention provides an internal gear at the top of the glass mounting plate, fixes the external gear at the bottom end of the second rotating shaft connected to the bottom end of the rotating hand wheel to engage with the internal gear, and at the same time sleeves an adjusting nut on the second rotating shaft and threads the adjusting nut into the nut sleeve at the top end of the second upper mounting block. The glass mounting plate can be driven to rotate by rotating the rotating hand wheel, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of the inner glass switching.

[0027] (5) The present invention configures a sealing assembly for the porous driving device and combines the gaskets and sealing rings at different positions of the second rotating shaft in an ingenious manner. This ensures the sealing of the test device while externally driving the stable switching of the inner glass, so that the scum test is not affected by the switching of the inner glass, further ensuring that the scum test is stable and continuous.

[0028] (6) The window body of the present invention is connected to the observation hole by a flip-up buckle, which can facilitate the cleaning of the inside of the glass; the inner layer of glass is connected to the first installation hole by a clamping wire structure, which is convenient for replacing the glass.

[0029] (7) The present invention configures the imaging window device with a water-cooling circulation cooling system, thereby further preventing the influence of high temperature on image acquisition and improving the accuracy of the calculation of the scum area ratio.

[0030] (8) The present invention provides a shielding device between the observation hole and the crucible, which can control whether to block according to the shooting requirements, reduce the impact of high temperature on the high-definition window during the slag test, and prevent the melt in the crucible from splashing and contaminating the window glass.

[0031] (9) The camera device of the present invention adopts a high-pixel optical anti-shake industrial visual shooting device and is equipped with a camera with a video imaging capture function. It can automatically capture images to avoid human interference and errors caused by manual operation, thereby maximizing the quality and clarity of image acquisition and further improving the accuracy of scum area ratio calculation.

[0032] (10) The present invention forms a quick-change structure without the need for a furnace by arranging an inner crucible inside an outer crucible, arranging an insulation layer between the inner crucible and the outer crucible and on the outer wall of the outer crucible, and arranging a coil on the outer wall of the second insulation layer. The crucible can be replaced at any time as needed, so that the time interval for slag detection is shortened to the shortest, thereby improving the efficiency of the slag test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the high-temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device of the present invention in Example 1.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the camera device, the industrial computer and the printer in the high-temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device of the present invention in Example 1.

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the imaging window device in the high-temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device of the present invention in Example 1.

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA section view.

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Top view of .

[0038] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the crucible in the high-temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device of the present invention in Example 1.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the smelting process curve for the GH2132 ingot slag test in Example 1.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the slag liquid surface image of the GH2132 ingot slag test in Example 1.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the slag liquid surface image of the GH2132 ingot slag test in Example 1 after being denoised by an industrial computer.

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the slag area ratio calculated by an industrial computer based on the slag liquid surface image of the GH2132 ingot slag test in Example 1.

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the smelting process curve for the K418 ingot slag test in Example 2.

[0044] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the slag liquid surface image of the K418 ingot slag test in Example 2.

[0045] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the slag liquid surface image of the K418 ingot slag test in Example 2 after being denoised by an industrial control computer.

[0046] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the slag area ratio calculated by an industrial computer based on the slag liquid surface image of the K418 ingot slag test in Example 2.

[0047] In the figure, 1—imaging window device, 1-1—window body, 1-2—first upper mounting block, 1-3—first lower mounting block, 1-4—second upper mounting block, 1-5—second lower mounting block, 1-6—inner glass, 1-7—outer glass, 1-8—multi-hole driving device, 1-8-1—rotating handwheel, 1-8-2—second rotating shaft, 1-8-3—external gear, 1-8-4—nut sleeve, 1-8-5—adjusting nut, 1-8-6—first gasket, 1-8-7—elastic sealing ring, 1-8-8—second gasket, 1-9—first window hole, 1-10—glass mounting plate, 1-11—internal gear, 1-12—hinge, 1-13—locking mechanism, 2—camera, 3—industrial computer, 4—crucible, 4-1—outer crucible, 4-2—inner crucible, 4-3—first insulation layer, 4-4—second insulation layer, 4-5—coil, 5—vacuum induction furnace, 6—shielding device, 7—printer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the high-temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device of the present invention includes a vacuum induction furnace 5, the vacuum induction furnace 5 includes a furnace body, a furnace cover arranged at the top of the furnace body, a crucible 4 is arranged in the furnace body, an observation hole is opened on the furnace cover, an imaging window device 1 is arranged above the observation hole, and a camera device 2 is arranged above the imaging window device 1;

[0051] The camera lens of the camera device 2 faces downward, and the lens, observation hole and crucible 4 are coaxial. The output end of the camera device 2 is connected to the industrial computer 3. The camera device 2 is used to capture the liquid surface of the melt in the crucible 4 and transmit the obtained liquid surface image to the industrial computer 3. The industrial computer 3 is used to calculate the scum area ratio of the melt surface based on the received liquid surface image. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment 1, the industrial computer 3 is also connected to the printer 7 to print out the acquired scum liquid level image and calculation results as a test report. Figure 1 The industrial computer 3 is not shown.

[0052] The present invention arranges an imaging window device 1 and a camera device 2 directly above the crucible 4, and arranges an industrial computer 3, so as to monitor the melting process in the crucible 4 in real time, and timely capture a complete circular image of the static melt surface in the crucible 4, thereby avoiding quantitative calculation errors caused by image distortion caused by traditional window angle shooting, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of the slag area ratio calculation.

[0053] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, the imaging window device 1 includes a window body 1-1, a glass mounting block fixed to the top of the window body 1-1, a multi-station insulating glass layer mounted on the glass mounting block, an outer layer of glass 1-7 and a multi-hole driving device 1-8; a first window hole 1-9 is opened in the window body 1-1, and the bottom end of the window body 1-1 is fixed in the observation hole; the outer layer of glass 1-7 is circular and is arranged above the multi-station insulating glass layer, and the multi-station insulating glass layer includes a circular glass mounting plate 1-10, and the glass mounting plate 1-10 is uniformly opened with a plurality of first mounting holes along the circumference, and an inner layer of glass 1-6 is fixed in each of the first mounting holes; the multi-hole driving device 1-8 is used to drive the glass mounting plate 1-10 to rotate, and when one of the inner layer of glass 1-6 rotates to the bottom of the outer layer of glass 1-7, the inner layer of glass 1-6, the outer layer of glass 1-7, the first window hole 1-9 and the observation hole are coaxial.

[0054] The present invention forms a double-layer glass structure by arranging a multi-station insulating glass layer with multiple inner layers of glass 1-6 uniformly embedded along the circumference in the glass mounting block at the top of the window body 1-1, and fixing an outer layer of glass 1-7 above the multi-station insulating glass layer. The outer layer of glass 1-7 is used to achieve vacuuming inside the vacuum induction furnace 5, and the inner layer of glass 1-6 is used to prevent dust and splashing. At the same time, a multi-hole driving device 1-8 is provided to drive the multi-station insulating glass layer to rotate, so that when one inner layer of glass 1-6 is contaminated or damaged, it can be quickly switched to another inner layer of glass 1-6, thereby reducing the impact of high temperature on the shooting work, ensuring smooth shooting of the camera device 2, and making the slag test stable and continuous.

[0055] In this embodiment 1, Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the glass mounting blocks include, from bottom to top, a first lower mounting block 1-3, a second lower mounting block 1-5, a second upper mounting block 1-4, and a first upper mounting block 1-2. Each mounting block is provided with a second window hole. The first lower mounting block 1-3 is fixed to the top of the window body 1-1, and the second window hole is coaxial with the first window hole 1-9.

[0056] The bottom end of the first upper mounting block 1-2 and the top end of the second upper mounting block 1-4 are respectively provided with a first circular groove and a second circular groove, and the outer glass 1-7 is clamped in the first circular groove and the second circular groove;

[0057] The top of the second lower mounting block 1-5 and the bottom of the second upper mounting block 1-4 are respectively provided with a coaxial third circular groove and a fourth circular groove, a fifth circular groove is provided in the middle of the third circular groove, the multi-station heat-insulating glass layer is arranged in the third circular groove, a first rotating shaft extends downward from the middle bottom end of the glass mounting plate 1-10, and the first rotating shaft extends into the fifth circular groove; a rotating shaft is provided above the multi-station heat-insulating glass layer, which is coaxial with and fixedly connected to the glass mounting plate 1-10 The inner gear 1-11 has a sixth circular groove at the bottom end of the inner gear 1-11; the second upper mounting block 1-4 has a second mounting hole; the porous driving device 1-8 includes a rotating handwheel 1-8-1, and the bottom end of the rotating handwheel 1-8-1 is fixed with a second rotating shaft 1-8-2, and the bottom end of the second rotating shaft 1-8-2 passes downward through the second mounting hole and extends into the third circular groove and is fixedly connected with an outer gear 1-8-3, and the outer gear 1-8-3 is meshed with the inner gear 1-11, and a nut sleeve 1-8-4 is fixed on the top end of the second upper mounting block 1-4, and the inner side wall of the nut sleeve 1-8-4 is provided with an internal thread in the upper section, and an adjusting nut 1-8-5 is fixed on the second rotating shaft 1-8-2, and the outer side wall of the adjusting nut 1-8-5 is provided with an external thread in the lower section, and the adjusting nut 1-8-5 is threadedly connected to the nut sleeve 1-8-4. In this embodiment 1, the first lower mounting block 1-3, the second lower mounting block 1-5, the second upper mounting block 1-4, and the first upper mounting block 1-2 are all circular, the diameters of the second lower mounting block 1-5 and the second upper mounting block 1-4 are equal, the diameters of the first lower mounting block 1-3 and the first upper mounting block 1-2 are equal and smaller than the diameter of the second lower mounting block 1-5, the multi-hole driving device 1-8 is arranged in the portion of the second lower mounting block 1-5 and the second upper mounting block 1-4 that extends out of the space between the first lower mounting block 1-3 and the first upper mounting block 1-2; the first circular groove and the second circular groove are both coaxial with the second window hole; the top circle diameter of the internal gear 1-11 is greater than or equal to the farthest distance from the inner layer of glass 1-6 to the center of the glass mounting plate 1-10.

[0058] The present invention arranges an internal gear 1-11 at the top of the glass mounting plate 1-10, fixes an external gear 1-8-3 at the bottom end of the second rotating shaft 1-8-2 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating handwheel 1-8-1 to engage with the internal gear 1-11, and at the same time sleeves an adjusting nut 1-8-5 on the second rotating shaft 1-8-2, and threading the adjusting nut 1-8-5 into the nut sleeve 1-8-4 at the top end of the second upper mounting block 1-4. By rotating the rotating handwheel 1-8-1, the glass mounting plate 1-10 can be driven to rotate, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of switching the inner layer of glass 1-6.

[0059] In this embodiment 1, the first lower mounting block 1-3 is fixedly connected to the second lower mounting block 1-5, the second upper mounting block 1-4 is fixedly connected to the first upper mounting block 1-2, and the second lower mounting block 1-5 is connected to the second upper mounting block 1-4 on one side by a hinge 1-12 and on the other side by a locking mechanism 1-13. The locking mechanism 1-13 can be in various forms as long as it can achieve locking and unlocking between the second lower mounting block 1-5 and the second upper mounting block 1-4. In this embodiment 1, the locking mechanism 1-13 includes a first horizontal locking plate and a second horizontal locking plate respectively provided on the other side of the second lower mounting block 1-5 and the second upper mounting block 1-4. The two horizontal locking plates are connected by a locking screw, and the locking screw can be unscrewed when unlocking is required.

[0060] The present invention forms a glass mounting block by providing four mounting blocks, wherein two lower mounting blocks are fixedly connected and two upper mounting blocks are fixedly connected. The middle lower mounting block is connected to the upper mounting block by a hinge 1-12 on one side and by a locking mechanism 1-13 on the other side. The inner layer of glass 1-6 can be inspected and replaced by opening the locking mechanism 1-13 and rotating the two upper mounting blocks upward, thereby improving maintenance efficiency and further ensuring that the scum test is stable and continuous.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, the porous drive device 1-8 is equipped with a sealing assembly, which includes a first gasket 1-8-6, an elastic sealing ring 1-8-7, and a second gasket 1-8-8, all of which are sleeved on the second rotating shaft 1-8-2; the first gasket 1-8-6 is set in the second mounting hole, the elastic sealing ring 1-8-7 is set in the part of the second rotating shaft 1-8-2 between the first gasket 1-8-6 and the adjusting nut 1-8-5, and the second gasket 1-8-8 is set between the first gasket 1-8-6 and the external gear 1-8-3. In this embodiment 1, the longitudinal section of the elastic sealing ring 1-8-7 is X-shaped, and the bottom and top ends of the elastic sealing ring 1-8-7 respectively abut against the top surface of the first gasket 1-8-6 and the bottom surface of the adjusting nut 1-8-5. The elastic sealing ring 1-8-7 expands and contracts under the action of the adjusting nut 1-8-5 to seal the second rotating shaft 1-8-2.

[0062] The present invention configures a sealing assembly for the porous driving device 1-8 and cleverly combines the gaskets and sealing rings at different positions of the second rotating shaft 1-8-2. This ensures the sealing of the test device while externally driving the inner glass 1-6 to switch stably, so that the scum test is not affected by the switching of the inner glass 1-6, further ensuring that the scum test is stable and continuous.

[0063] In this embodiment 1, the first viewing window hole 1-9 is truncated cone-shaped, and a truncated cone-shaped groove coaxial with the second viewing window hole is provided at the bottom end of the first lower mounting block 1-3. The bottom diameter of the truncated cone-shaped groove is equal to the top diameter of the first viewing window hole 1-9, which can ensure that the captured image does not contain other interference objects.

[0064] In this embodiment 1, the outer wall of the window body 1-1 is connected to the inner wall of the observation hole by a flip-up buckle, which facilitates cleaning of the inside of the glass; the inner layer of glass 1-6 is connected to the inner wall of the first mounting hole by a clip structure, which facilitates replacement of the glass.

[0065] In order to further prevent the influence of high temperature on image acquisition, the imaging window device 1 of the present invention is equipped with a water-cooling circulation cooling system.

[0066] In this embodiment 1, a shielding device 6 is provided within the furnace body between the observation hole and the crucible 4. The shielding device 6 is a pneumatic or electric shielding plate, and is electrically connected to the industrial computer 3. The industrial computer 3 is configured to control the shielding device 6 to move the shielding plate directly below the observation hole when filming is not required, and to control the shielding device 6 to move the shielding plate away from the observation hole when filming is required. By providing the shielding device 6 between the observation hole and the crucible 4, the present invention can control whether to shield the observation hole according to filming requirements, thereby reducing the impact of high temperatures on the high-definition window during scum testing and preventing splashing of the melt in the crucible 4 from contaminating the window glass.

[0067] The camera device 2 of the present invention utilizes a high-pixel optical image stabilization industrial visual camera equipped with a camera with video capture capabilities. This allows for automatic capture, avoiding manual interference and errors, and maximizing image quality and clarity. Furthermore, through lens adjustment and the design of the structure, dimensions, and distance between the observation hole and imaging window device and the crucible 4, the captured image can be aligned with the liquid level within the crucible 4, preventing interference from being captured and further improving the accuracy of the scum area percentage calculation.

[0068] The camera device 2 of the present invention captures the liquid surface of the melt in the crucible 4 and transmits the obtained liquid surface image to the industrial computer 3. The industrial computer 3 has built-in dedicated image analysis software, which automatically filters out noise points other than scum and other reasons in the received liquid surface image, and calculates the scum area ratio of the melt surface.

[0069] In this embodiment 1, Figure 6As shown, the crucible 4 comprises an outer crucible 4-1, within which an inner crucible 4-2 is disposed. A first insulation layer 4-3 is disposed between the inner crucible 4-2 and the outer crucible 4-1. A second insulation layer 4-4 is disposed on the outer wall of the outer crucible 4-1, and a coil 4-5 is disposed on the outer wall of the second insulation layer 4-4. This structure of the crucible 4 creates a quick-change mechanism that eliminates the need for a furnace, allowing the crucible to be replaced at any time, minimizing the slag detection interval. Furthermore, upon request, the slag test image results can be retained in the crucible for later comparative analysis.

[0070] In Example 1, the test sample is a slice of a high-temperature alloy GH2132 ingot, weighing 6.79 kg. The experimental steps are as follows:

[0071] 1) Adding materials: Add the sample to the vacuum induction furnace 5 and evacuate the furnace for 50 minutes at a vacuum degree of 2.8×10-3 Pa (meeting the standard vacuum degree requirement of ≤1.33 Pa).

[0072] 2) Chemical processing: Start chemical processing with a power of 20-40kw and a chemical processing time of 10 minutes. Figure 7 This is the melting process curve for the GH2132 ingot dross test. When the temperature reaches 1530°C, it equilibrates for a period of time, and then begins to photograph the dross surface.

[0073] 3) Image acquisition: Use the camera 2 to take a picture of the melt surface in the crucible 4 to obtain the scum surface image as shown in FIG. Figure 8 The collected scum surface image is processed by denoising with dedicated image analysis software to obtain the following image: Figure 9 The denoised image is shown in Figure 2. After analysis and calculation by dedicated image analysis software, the scum area ratio is 16.406%, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 10 At the same time, the scum liquid surface image was compared with the standard atlas of "HB 5406-2016", and the scum test result was obtained as level 5.

[0074] 4) Steel tapping: After the slag is photographed and the molten steel is cooled, the crucible is removed and the experimental sample is taken out.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] In this embodiment 2, the structure of the high-temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device is the same as that in embodiment 1.

[0077] In Example 2, the test sample is a slice of a high-temperature alloy K418 master alloy ingot, weighing 4.3 kg. The experimental steps are as follows:

[0078] 1) Adding materials: Add the sample to the vacuum induction furnace 5 and evacuate for 50 minutes at a vacuum degree of 2.5×10-2 Pa (meet the requirement of standard vacuum degree ≤1.33Pa).

[0079] 2) Chemical process: Start chemical process with power of 10-20kw and chemical process time of 30 minutes. Figure 11 This is the melting process curve for the K418 ingot slag test. When the temperature reaches 1480°C, it equilibrates for a period of time, and then begins to photograph the slag liquid surface.

[0080] 3) Image acquisition: The camera device 2 is used to take a picture of the melt surface in the crucible 4, and the scum surface image is obtained as shown in FIG12. The collected scum surface image is subjected to denoising and post-processing using a dedicated image analysis software, and the image is obtained as shown in FIG12. Figure 13 The denoised image is shown in Figure 2. After analysis and calculation by dedicated image analysis software, the scum area ratio is 2.675%, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 14 At the same time, the scum liquid surface image was compared with the standard atlas of "HB 5406-2016", and the scum test result was obtained as level 3.

[0081] 4) Steel tapping: After the slag is photographed and the molten steel is cooled, the crucible is removed and the experimental sample is taken out.

[0082] Obviously, the above embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. The above embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Based on the above embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work, that is, all modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application, fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device, characterized in that: The vacuum induction furnace comprises a furnace body, a furnace cover arranged at the top of the furnace body, a crucible arranged in the furnace body, an observation hole opened on the furnace cover, an imaging window device arranged above the observation hole, and a camera device arranged above the imaging window device; The camera lens faces downward, and the lens, observation hole, and crucible are coaxial. The output end of the camera lens is connected to an industrial computer. The camera lens is used to capture the liquid surface of the melt in the crucible and transmit the obtained liquid surface image to the industrial computer. The industrial computer is used to calculate the scum area ratio of the melt surface based on the received liquid surface image. The imaging window device includes a window body, a glass mounting block fixed to the top of the window body, a multi-position heat-insulating glass layer mounted on the glass mounting block, an outer glass layer, and a multi-hole driving device; a first window hole is opened in the window body, and the bottom end of the window body is fixed in the observation hole; The glass mounting blocks include, from bottom to top, a first lower mounting block, a second lower mounting block, a second upper mounting block, and a first upper mounting block. The second lower mounting block and the second upper mounting block are connected on one side by a hinge and on the other side by a locking mechanism. A second window hole is formed on each mounting block. The first lower mounting block is fixed to the top of the window body. The second window hole is coaxial with the first window hole. The multi-station heat-insulating glass layer is arranged in a third circular groove formed at the top end of the second lower mounting block. The multi-station heat-insulating glass layer includes a circular glass mounting plate. The glass mounting plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of first mounting holes along the circumference. An inner layer of glass is fixed in each first mounting hole. An internal gear is provided above the multi-station heat-insulating glass layer, which is coaxial with and fixedly connected to the glass mounting plate. The outer glass is circular and is arranged above the multi-station heat-insulating glass layer. The outer glass is clamped between a first circular groove at the bottom end of the first upper mounting block and a second circular groove at the top end of the second upper mounting block. The porous driving device is used to drive the glass mounting plate to rotate. When one of the inner layers of glass rotates to the bottom of the outer layer of glass, the inner layer of glass, the outer layer of glass, the first window hole and the observation hole are coaxial. The porous driving device includes a rotating handwheel, a second rotating shaft is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating handwheel, the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to an external gear, the external gear is meshed with the internal gear, a nut sleeve is fixed to the top end of the second upper mounting block, the inner side wall of the nut sleeve is provided with an internal thread at the upper section, an adjusting nut is provided on the fixed sleeve of the second rotating shaft, the outer side wall of the adjusting nut is provided with an external thread at the lower section, and the adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the nut sleeve.

2. The high-temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the second upper mounting block is provided with a fourth circular groove coaxial with the third circular groove, the middle part of the third circular groove is provided with a fifth circular groove, the middle bottom end of the glass mounting plate is provided with a first rotating shaft extending downward, and the first rotating shaft extends into the fifth circular groove; the bottom end of the internal gear is provided with a sixth circular groove; the second upper mounting block is provided with a second mounting hole, and the bottom end of the second rotating shaft passes downward through the second mounting hole and extends into the third circular groove.

3. The high-temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first lower mounting block is fixedly connected to the second lower mounting block, and the second upper mounting block is fixedly connected to the first upper mounting block.

4. The high-temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The porous drive device is equipped with a sealing assembly, which includes a first gasket, an elastic sealing ring, and a second gasket, all of which are sleeved on the second rotating shaft; the first gasket is arranged in the second mounting hole, the elastic sealing ring is arranged on the part of the second rotating shaft between the first gasket and the adjusting nut, and the second gasket is arranged between the first gasket and the external gear.

5. The high temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the elastic sealing ring is X-shaped.

6. The high-temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first viewing window is in a truncated cone shape. The bottom end of the first lower mounting block is provided with a truncated cone groove coaxial with the second viewing window. The bottom diameter of the truncated cone groove is equal to the top diameter of the first viewing window.

7. The high temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the window body is connected to the inner wall of the observation hole through a flip buckle, and the inner layer of glass is connected to the inner wall of the first mounting hole through a clip structure.

8. The high temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shielding device is provided in the furnace body between the observation hole and the crucible. The shielding device is a pneumatic shielding plate or an electric shielding plate. The shielding device is electrically connected to the industrial control computer. The industrial control computer is used to control the action of the shielding device so that the shielding plate moves to the bottom of the observation hole when shooting is not required, and to control the action of the shielding device so that the shielding plate moves away from the bottom of the observation hole when shooting is required.

9. The high temperature alloy master alloy ingot slag testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crucible comprises an outer crucible, an inner crucible is arranged inside the outer crucible, a first insulation layer is arranged between the inner and outer crucibles, a second insulation layer is arranged on the outer wall of the outer crucible, and a coil is arranged on the outer wall of the second insulation layer.

Images