A system and method for measuring cell voltages and temperatures within a battery pack

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a system and method for measuring cell voltage and temperature in a battery pack, including a battery pack, a cell, a cell control board on each cell, a pack controller, a voltage and temperature information acquisition device on the cell control board, and an optical-electric converter and an electric-optical converter, and the cell control board transmits the voltage and temperature information of the cell to the pack controller through optical fiber communication; during communication, each cell node receives and forwards the signal from the input optical fiber, realizing communication without metal wires and avoiding internal short circuit of the battery pack caused by wires.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of battery energy storage system, in particular to a system and method for measuring the voltage and temperature of the battery cell in the battery pack. BACKGROUND

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and do not necessarily constitute the prior art.

[0003] During the charging and discharging process of the battery cell in the battery pack, the voltage and temperature need to be monitored in real time to avoid short circuit and fire caused by the voltage being too high or too low or the temperature being too high.

[0004] The existing method for monitoring the voltage of the battery cell is to lead the metal wire at both ends of the battery cell to the battery pack control board outside the battery pack, and the voltage of the battery cell is obtained by the AD converter on the control board; the temperature sensor is attached to the surface or electrode of the battery cell, and the metal wire is connected to the battery pack outside the battery pack control board, and the temperature of the battery cell is obtained by the control board circuit. However, the above method results in too many metal wires in the battery pack, which causes the risk of short circuit and fire caused by too many metal wires.

[0005] In addition, there is also a method of installing a circuit board on each battery cell, providing a battery cell voltage and battery cell electrode temperature detection device on the circuit board, and the battery cell voltage and temperature information is communicated and exchanged through the metal wire connected to the battery pack controller on the circuit board as a bus, but this method still needs metal wires to connect the battery pack, and there is still the risk of wire short circuit. There is also a method of realizing information interaction between the battery cell control board and the battery pack controller through wireless communication, but the disadvantage of this method is that the circuit is complex, and the noise interference caused by the motor or inverter during the operation of the battery pack will cause the risk problem of wireless communication failure. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a system and method for measuring the voltage and temperature of the battery cell in the battery pack, which sets a battery cell control board on each battery cell, provides a voltage and temperature information acquisition device of the battery cell on the battery cell control board, and sets an optical-electric converter and an electric-optical converter, so that the battery cell control board transmits the voltage and temperature information of the battery cell to the battery pack controller outside the battery pack through optical fiber communication, thereby eliminating the setting of redundant wires and preventing short circuit.

[0007] According to some embodiments, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A system for measuring the voltage and temperature of the battery cell in the battery pack, comprising:

[0009] A pack controller is arranged outside the battery pack and is used to receive the cell voltage and cell temperature information collected in the battery pack; the pack controller is provided with an optical-electric converter and an electric-optical converter for connecting optical fibers;

[0010] A cell control board is arranged on each cell in the battery pack; the cell control board comprises an MCU processor, a cell voltage information collection device, a cell temperature information collection device, and an optical-electric converter and an electric-optical converter for connecting optical fibers;

[0011] The pack controller and the cell control board are connected by optical fibers to form a ring optical fiber communication network; the cell control board transmits the cell voltage and temperature information to the pack controller through the ring optical fiber communication network.

[0012] According to some embodiments, the present disclosure also employs the following technical solutions:

[0013] A method for measuring the voltage and temperature of cells in a battery pack, comprising:

[0014] The cell control board MCU acquires the cell voltage and temperature information collected by the voltage collection device and the temperature information collection device, and transmits them as part of the frame data to the pack controller;

[0015] The battery pack controller, as the ring network master node, transmits a frame of data containing the slave node address and data to the cell control board through the optical fiber ring; if the optical fiber ring communication is not normal, the master node will not receive the frame data after a period of time of ring network transmission, or the received frame data is inconsistent with the transmitted data; at this time, the master node, i.e. the battery pack controller, reports the communication failure information in the battery pack to the upper level; if the optical fiber ring communication is normal, the frame data will return to the master node; at this time, the master node only needs to wait for a frame of information from the slave node with the same node address, which includes the master node address and data, and then judges whether the frame data is an emergency information frame; if it is an emergency information frame, it sends a response frame to the node.

[0016] If it is judged that it is not an emergency signal frame, the frame content is processed; at this time, the communication of the master node to query the slave node information ends.

[0017] In normal communication, the information processing process of the slave node is as follows:

[0018] The master node transmits a frame of data, which is forwarded by the slave node; each slave node will receive the frame data, check whether the slave node address in the frame is consistent with the slave node address, and if not, directly discard the frame data; if it is consistent, analyze the master node instruction and send a reply frame to the master node.

[0019] When the slave node has emergency information, the information processing is as follows:

[0020] When the slave node has emergency information, the slave node waits until the current frame of data on the network is sent, and then controls the communication switch to position 1, and then sends an emergency data frame to the master node, and after the sending is completed, controls the communication switch to position 0, and waits for a delay, if a response frame from the master node is received, the communication is ended; if no response frame from the master node is received, the slave node sends an emergency data frame to the master node again.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure has the beneficial effects that:

[0022] The present disclosure realizes communication without metal wires, avoids internal short circuit of the battery pack caused by the wires, and realizes logical control of the communication mechanism, guarantees effectiveness and orderliness of internal data processing, and effectively and quickly detects voltage and temperature data of any cell in the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present disclosure, are used to provide further understanding of the present disclosure, and the illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure and their description serve the purpose of explaining the present disclosure, and do not constitute improper limitations on the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 1 The figure is an information processing flowchart of the master node of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 2 The figure is an information processing flowchart of the slave node of the present disclosure during normal communication.

[0026] Figure 3 The figure is an information processing flowchart of the slave node of the present disclosure during emergency communication.

[0027] Figure 4 The figure is a frame format sent by the master node of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 5 The figure is a frame format sent by the slave node of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of data transmission format of serial communication of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present disclosure is further described below in combination with the drawings and embodiments.

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs.

[0032] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] The present disclosure provides a system for measuring cell voltage and temperature in a battery pack in one embodiment, the system architecture is shown as Figure 1 The pack controller is arranged outside the battery pack for receiving the collected voltage and temperature information in the battery pack.

[0035] The cell control board is arranged on each cell in the battery pack, and the MCU processor is arranged on the cell control board.

[0036] The cell voltage information collection device and the cell temperature information collection device are arranged on the cell control board, and the MCU on the cell control board is connected with the cell voltage information collection device and the cell temperature information collection device. When receiving the collection instruction, the cell voltage information collection device and the cell temperature information collection device receive the collection instruction of the MCU, collect the temperature and voltage data of the corresponding cell, and return the collected information data to the MCU processor. The MCU is embedded with an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) for converting the collected analog cell temperature signal and analog cell voltage signal into digital signals and storing them in the random memory in the MCU.

[0037] Each cell control board has its own address different from other boards, and the MCU transmits the cell voltage and temperature information to the battery pack controller through fiber communication. The pack controller has its own address, which is different from the address of any cell control board.

[0038] The loop fiber communication network is composed of the fiber connection between the pack controller and the cell control board, and the cell control board transmits the cell voltage and temperature information to the pack controller through the loop fiber communication network. The information is transmitted as a data frame, and the data frame flows unidirectionally in the loop fiber communication network.

[0039] The electro-optical converter can convert the transmitted electrical signal into an optical signal and send it to the optical fiber; the photoelectric converter can convert the optical signal received from the optical fiber into an electrical signal and input it to our receiving end.

[0040] The photoelectric converter and the electro-optical converter of the present disclosure are arranged on the cell control board, and an OR gate and an AND gate are arranged between the photoelectric converter and the electro-optical converter.

[0041] The photoelectric converter converts the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber communication into an electrical signal, and then the MCU receiving end receives the electrical signal to obtain the corresponding communication instruction.

[0042] The electro-optical converter converts the electrical cell data frame sent by the MCU sending end into an optical signal data frame, which is sent to the optical fiber, and the optical fiber communication is transmitted from the outside of the battery pack to the inside of the battery pack, and the signal is sequentially transmitted to each cell control board.

[0043] Each cell control board sequentially receives and forwards the signal from the input optical fiber, and sets the circuit communication logic mechanism.

[0044] The optical communication circuit of the cell control board is as shown in Figure 2 The optical communication circuit of the cell control board is as shown in

[0045] The communication mechanism is divided into two cases, one is normal communication, which adopts a master-slave mode, the pack controller is the master node and the cell control board is the slave node, the slave node answers when the master node sends a query, and at this time the communication switch control of the slave node is logic 0.

[0046] The other case is emergency communication, which is requested by the cell control board, sends an emergency signal to the pack controller, and the communication switch control logic is 1 at this time, the signal transmitted from the previous node is blocked, and the node sends the alarm information of the cell control board to the pack controller, and after the emergency signal is sent, the communication switch control logic is reset to 0.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] The present disclosure provides a method for measuring the voltage and temperature of the cells in the battery pack in one embodiment, which comprises Figure 1 As shown in the figure, based on a system for measuring the voltage and temperature of the cells in the battery pack, the system comprises a battery pack, cells, a cell control board on each cell, a pack controller; a cell control board is arranged on each cell, and a voltage and temperature information acquisition device of the cell is arranged on the cell control board, as well as a photoelectric converter and an electro-optical converter, and the cell control board transmits the voltage and temperature information of the cell to the pack controller through optical fiber communication.

[0049] The package controller and the cell control board form a loop fiber communication network.

[0050] Specifically, the method for measuring the voltage and temperature of the cells in the battery package comprises, as shown in Figures 3-6

[0051] The cell control board MCU acquires the temperature information and voltage information collected by the voltage collection device and the temperature information collection device, and sends them as part of the frame data to the package controller.

[0052] The battery package controller sends a frame of data containing the slave node address and data to the cell control board through the fiber loop. If the fiber loop communication is not normal, the master node will not receive the frame data after a period of time of transmission through the loop, or the received frame data is inconsistent with the sent data. At this time, the master node, i.e. the battery package controller, will report the communication failure information in the battery package to the upper level. If the fiber loop communication is normal, the frame data will return to the master node. At this time, the master node only needs to wait for a frame of information from the slave node with the same node address. The frame data includes the master node address and data, and then it is judged whether the frame data is an emergency information frame. If it is an emergency information frame, a response frame is sent back to the node. If it is not an emergency information frame, the information content in the frame is extracted and processed. Thus, the communication of the master node to query the information of the slave node is ended.

[0053] In normal communication, the processing process of the MCU receiving end, i.e. the slave node, is as shown in Figure 5

[0054] The master node sends a frame of data, which is forwarded by the slave node. The MCU receiving end on the cell control board receives a frame of data containing the slave node address and data, and then checks whether the node address in the frame is consistent with the address of the node. If yes, the instruction sent by the master node to the node is analyzed and a response frame is sent to the master node. If not, the frame data is directly discarded. The judgment of the node is ended.

[0055] In emergency communication, the processing process of the MCU receiving end is as shown in Figure 4

[0056] The emergency situation includes high temperature or abnormal voltage. The slave node has emergency information, which needs to wait for the end of the current frame of data on the network, and then the communication switch control logic is set to 1 and an emergency data frame is sent to the master node. After the transmission is completed, the communication switch control is restored to 0, and a delay is waited for to judge whether a response frame from the master node is received. If yes, the communication is ended.

[0057] ​​​When no response frame of the master node is received, the first step is returned, that is, the communication switch control logic is controlled to 1, and the emergency data frame is sent to the master node. After the sending is completed, the communication switch control is restored to 0, the delay is waited, and it is judged whether the response frame of the master node is received.

[0058] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the disclosure can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the disclosure can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the disclosure can take the form of a computer program product on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROMs, optical storage devices, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied in the medium.

[0059] The disclosure is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams according to the embodiments of the disclosure. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing devices to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate a device that implements the flow Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 an apparatus that performs the functions specified in the flow(s) and / or block(s) and / or combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams.

[0060] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct the computer or other programmable data processing devices to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured product including instruction devices that implement the flow Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 an apparatus that performs the functions specified in the flow(s) and / or block(s) and / or combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams.

[0061] These computer program instructions can also be loaded into a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of operation steps are performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide a process for implementing the flow Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks ​ an apparatus that performs the functions specified in the flow(s) and / or block(s) and / or combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams.

[0062] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. The present disclosure can have various modifications and changes for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0063] Although the specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or changes made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present disclosure without creative labor are still within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A system for measuring the voltage and temperature of cells within a battery pack, characterized in that, include: The battery pack controller is located outside the battery pack and is used to receive information on cell voltage and cell temperature collected inside the battery pack. The packet controller is equipped with a photoelectric converter and an electro-optic converter for connecting optical fibers; A cell control board is disposed on each cell in the battery pack; the cell control board includes: an MCU processor, a cell voltage information acquisition device and a cell temperature information acquisition device, as well as a photoelectric converter and an electro-optic converter for connecting optical fibers; A logic circuit is provided between the MCU, the photoelectric converter, and the electro-optical converter to control the forwarding of signals from the upstream; the photoelectric converter and the electro-optical converter are located on the battery cell control board; The package controller and the cell control board are connected by optical fiber to form a loop optical fiber communication network; the cell control board transmits cell voltage and temperature information to the package controller through the loop optical fiber communication network. The battery cell control board includes a photoelectric converter, an OR gate circuit, an AND gate circuit, and an electro-optic converter, and is connected to the MCU processor; during normal communication, the communication switch is controlled to logic 0. The input of the OR gate is connected to the photoelectric converter and the communication switch for control, and the output is connected to the input of the AND gate; the input of the AND gate is connected to the output of the OR gate and the communication transmitter, and the output of the AND gate is connected to the electro-optic converter. During emergency communication, the cell control board sends a request and an emergency signal to the package controller. The communication switch control logic is set to 1. After the emergency signal is sent, the communication switch control logic is reset to 0.

2. The system for measuring the voltage and temperature of cells within a battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An OR gate circuit and an AND gate circuit are provided between the photoelectric converter and the electro-optic converter.

3. The system for measuring the voltage and temperature of cells within a battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photoelectric converter converts the optical fiber signal transmitted by optical fiber communication into an electrical signal. The MCU receives the electrical signal and obtains the corresponding communication command to acquire the battery cell data.

4. The system for measuring the voltage and temperature of cells within a battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electro-optic converter converts the cell data sent by the MCU into optical fiber signals, which are then transmitted sequentially to the photoelectric converter on the next cell control board via optical fiber.

5. A system for measuring the voltage and temperature of cells within a battery pack as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Each cell control board sequentially receives and forwards signals transmitted from the input optical fiber, and sets up a circuit communication logic mechanism.

6. A system for measuring cell voltage and temperature within a battery pack as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The communication mechanism is divided into two cases. During normal communication, a master-slave mode is used, with the packet controller as the master node and the cell control board as the slave node. The slave node only responds when the master node sends an inquiry, and the slave node's communication switch is controlled by logic 0.

7. A method for measuring the voltage and temperature of cells within a battery pack, employing the system for measuring the voltage and temperature of cells within a battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: The MCU on the cell control board acquires temperature and voltage information from the voltage and temperature acquisition devices and sends it as part of the frame data to the packet controller. During normal communication, the packet controller is the master node, and the cell control board is the slave node. The processing procedure at the MCU receiving end is as follows: The master node sends a data frame, which is forwarded by the slave node. The MCU receiver on the cell control board receives a data frame containing the slave node address and data. Then it checks whether the node address in the frame is consistent with the address of this node. If so, it analyzes the instruction issued by the master node to this node and sends a reply frame to the master node. If not, it discards the data frame directly, and the judgment of this node ends.

8. A method for measuring the voltage and temperature of cells within a battery pack as described in claim 7, characterized in that, During emergency communication, the MCU receiver's processing procedure is as follows: When a slave node receives an urgent message, it needs to wait for the current data frame on the network to finish sending. Then, it sets the communication switch control logic to 1 and sends an urgent data frame to the master node. After sending, it resets the communication switch control to 0, waits for a delay, and determines whether it has received a response frame from the master node. If it has, it ends the communication. If no response frame is received from the master node, return to step one, that is, set the communication switch control logic to 1, and send an emergency data frame to the master node. After sending, reset the communication switch control to 0, delay and wait to determine whether a response frame has been received from the master node.

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