A motor with adjustable magnetic field

Abstract

The present invention provides a magnetic field adjustable motor, which relates to the field of motors. The magnetic field adjustable motor comprises an outer shell, wherein the inner wall of the outer shell is evenly and fixedly provided with a plurality of magnetic poles along the circumferential direction of the cross section, a rotor is rotatably provided at the center of the outer shell, an outer through hole cover and an inner through hole cover are rotatably provided between the rotor and the outer shell, the outer through hole cover and the inner through hole cover are both cylindrical tubular structures, the outer through hole cover is rotatably provided outside the inner through hole cover, the outer through hole cover, the inner through hole cover and the rotor have the same rotation axis and coincide with the center line of the outer shell, the side wall of the outer through hole cover is evenly provided with a plurality of outer through holes, and the side wall of the inner through hole cover is evenly provided with a plurality of inner through holes. The magnetic field strength at the rotor coil is adjusted by changing the number of magnetic lines of force emitted by the magnetic poles and passing through the inner and outer through hole covers to reach the outer wall coil of the rotor, and a technical solution for adjusting the power and torque output characteristics of the motor is added in addition to adjusting the voltage and current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a motor with adjustable magnetic field. Background Art

[0002] The motor in the prior art generally adjusts the power and torque output of the motor by adjusting the current or voltage on the stator or rotor, but the adjustment process is highly dependent on the power semiconductor chip. The power semiconductor chip (IGBT) can adjust the voltage or current supplied to the motor to adjust the power and torque output performance of the motor. In the case of a shortage of semiconductor chips, this adjustment scheme has great limitations and is costly. Therefore, the present invention provides a motor that adjusts the output power or torque of the motor by changing the magnetic field distribution in the motor. Summary of the invention

[0003] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a motor with adjustable magnetic field, which solves the problem that the prior motor adjusts the output power by adjusting the voltage and current, thereby being highly dependent on power semiconductor chips.

[0005] (II) Technical solution

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a magnetic field adjustable motor, comprising an outer shell, the inner wall of the outer shell is evenly and fixedly provided with a plurality of magnetic poles along the circumferential direction of the cross section, a rotor is rotatably provided at the center of the inner shell, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the center of one side end of the rotor, an outer through hole cover and an inner through hole cover are rotatably provided between the rotor and the outer shell, the outer through hole cover and the inner through hole cover are both cylindrical tubular structures, the outer through hole cover is rotatably provided on the outside of the inner through hole cover, the rotation axes of the outer through hole cover, the inner through hole cover and the rotor are the same and coincide with the center line of the outer shell, the side wall of the outer through hole cover is evenly provided with a plurality of outer through holes, and the side wall of the inner through hole cover is evenly provided with a plurality of inner through holes.

[0007] Preferably, a driven tooth 1 is fixedly provided on the outer side of one end of the outer through hole cover, a driven tooth 2 is fixedly provided on the outer side of the end of the inner through hole cover away from the driven tooth 1, a driving gear 1 is rotatably provided on the outer side of the outer shell body opposite to the driven tooth 1, a driving gear 2 is rotatably provided on the outer side of the outer shell body opposite to the driven tooth 2, the driven tooth 1 is meshed with the driving gear 1, and the driven tooth 2 is meshed with the driving gear 2.

[0008] Preferably, an inner bearing 1 is sleeved on the outer side of one end of the outer through hole cover close to the driven tooth 1, and the inner bearing 1 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell; an inner bearing 2 is sleeved on the outer side of one end of the inner through hole cover close to the driven tooth 2, and the inner bearing 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell.

[0009] Preferably, both side ends of the outer shell are fixedly connected with connecting plates, and the connecting plates are annular structures with notches. The ends of the two connecting plates away from the outer shell are fixedly connected with end covers, and the notches of the two connecting plates are combined with the end covers and the side walls of the outer shell to form transmission holes. The driving gear 1 and the driving gear 2 respectively pass through the transmission holes on the opposite sides and mesh with the driven gear 1 and the driven gear 2.

[0010] Preferably, outer bearings are fixedly provided on the inner sides of the two end covers, and the two outer bearings are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the two ends of the rotor.

[0011] Preferably, a driving device is fixedly connected to the outer side of the outer shell at positions opposite to the driving gear 1 and the driving gear 2, and the driving gear 1 and the driving gear 2 are respectively fixedly connected to the output shafts of the driving devices on the opposite sides.

[0012] Working principle: The number of magnetic poles of the motor is equal to the number of outer through holes on the outer through hole cover and the number of inner through holes on the inner through hole cover, and the inner and outer through holes match the size of each magnetic pole. During the operation of the motor, when each outer through hole is aligned with each inner through hole and aligned with each magnetic pole, the magnetic lines of force generated by each adjacent magnetic pole pass through the inner and outer through holes unimpeded and reach the coil on the outer wall of the rotor, thereby maximizing the effect of each magnetic pole. When each outer through hole is staggered with the corresponding inner through hole, the magnetic lines of force generated by each adjacent magnetic pole are prevented from passing through the inner and outer through hole covers and reaching the coil on the outer wall of the rotor. Therefore, by driving the driving gear 1 and the driving gear 2, the relative position between the inner and outer through hole covers, as well as the relative position between the inner and outer through hole covers and the magnetic poles can be adjusted, thereby changing the number of magnetic lines of force passing through the inner and outer through hole covers, so that the magnetic field strength at the coil on the outer wall of the rotor can be adjusted within a range. When necessary, the magnetic circuit between adjacent magnetic poles and the rotor can be partially blocked, so that part of the magnetic lines of force between adjacent magnetic poles pass through the inner and outer through-hole covers to reach the coils on the outer wall of the rotor, so that the magnetic field strength at the coils on the outer wall of the rotor is between the maximum value and the minimum value, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the output power of the motor without adjusting the voltage and current.

[0013] (III) Beneficial effects

[0014] The present invention provides a motor with adjustable magnetic field, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. Compared with the existing motors, this motor adjusts the magnetic field strength at the rotor coil by changing the number of magnetic lines of force emitted by the magnetic poles and passing through the inner and outer through-hole covers to reach the coil on the outer wall of the rotor. Therefore, without changing the voltage and current supplied to the motor, the power and torque output by the motor can still be adjusted. That is, in addition to adjusting the voltage and current, a technical solution for adjusting the power and torque output characteristics of the motor is added.

[0016] 2. The inner and outer through holes on the inner and outer through hole covers are respectively set to the same width and length, and are kept equal to the width of the adjacent ribs between the through holes. In addition, the number of the inner and outer through holes is equal to the number of magnetic poles, so that the inner and outer through hole covers can be rotated until each inner and outer through hole is completely aligned accordingly, and can be aligned with the corresponding magnetic poles, so that the magnetic force lines of each magnetic pole can pass through the corresponding inner and outer through holes without hindrance to reach the outer wall of the rotor, further improving the peak value of the magnetic field at the outer wall of the rotor. At the same time, when the inner and outer through holes are completely staggered, the through holes on the inner and outer through hole covers are completely blocked from each other, preventing the magnetic force lines from passing through the inner and outer through holes to reach the outer wall of the rotor, further reducing the valley value of the magnetic field at the outer wall of the rotor.

[0017] 3. Since the rotation angle and rotation direction of the inner and outer through-hole covers can be adjusted separately and continuously through two independent driving devices, the relative positions between the inner and outer through-hole covers and between the inner and outer through-hole covers and each magnetic pole can be continuously adjusted within a set range, thereby enabling the magnetic field strength at the coil on the outer wall of the rotor to be steplessly adjusted between the maximum value and the minimum value, thereby improving the flexibility of motor power and torque regulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external shaft side structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the frontal structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the external rear axle side structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal rear axle side structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal shaft side structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the inner through hole cover and the outer through hole cover of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the rear axle side structure of the inner through hole cover and the outer through hole cover of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of magnetic field distribution when the magnetic field is at its maximum value according to the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention when the magnetic field is at the minimum value;

[0028] Fig.11A schematic diagram of magnetic field distribution of the present invention in which the magnetic field is between the maximum value and the minimum value;

[0029] Fig.12 for Fig. 9 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0030] Fig.13 for Fig.10 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0031] Fig.14 for Fig.11 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0032] Among them, 1. driving gear 1; 2. connecting plate; 3. end cover; 4. outer bearing; 5. rotor; 6. rotating shaft; 7. outer shell; 8. outer through hole cover; 9. inner through hole cover; 10. driving gear 2; 11. transmission hole; 12. driving device; 13. inner bearing 1; 14. inner bearing 2; 15. driven gear 1; 16. driven gear 2; 17. magnetic pole; 18. inner through hole; 19. outer through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example:

[0035] like Figure 1-8As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a magnetic field adjustable motor, including an outer shell 7, wherein the inner wall of the outer shell 7 is evenly and fixedly provided with a plurality of magnetic poles 17 along the circumference of the cross section. If the magnetic poles of the motor adopt permanent magnetic poles, the polarities between adjacent magnetic poles are opposite; if the magnetic poles of the motor do not adopt permanent magnetic poles, the magnetic poles are composed of silicon steel sheets, and coils are wound around the outer side thereof, and a magnetic field is generated in the magnetic poles by supplying power to the coils. A rotor 5 is rotatably provided at the center of the inner shell 7, and a rotating shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the center of one side end of the rotor 5 for outputting power. An outer through-hole cover 8 and an inner through-hole cover 9 are rotatably provided between the rotor 5 and the outer shell 7, and both the outer through-hole cover 8 and the inner through-hole cover 9 are cylindrical tubular structures. The outer through-hole cover 8 is rotatably provided at the outer side of the inner through-hole cover 9, and the rotation axes of the outer through-hole cover 8, the inner through-hole cover 9, and the rotor 5 are the same and coincide with the center line of the outer shell 7. The side wall of the outer through hole cover 8 is uniformly provided with a plurality of outer through holes 19 along the circumferential direction, and the side wall of the inner through hole cover 9 is uniformly provided with a plurality of inner through holes 18 along the circumferential direction. The length direction of each through hole is along the axial direction of the through hole cover, and the length and width of each through hole are equal. The rib width between each adjacent through hole is equal to the through hole width, so that the inner and outer through holes on the two through hole covers are rotated to be staggered with each other at the same time, and the magnetic lines of force of the magnetic pole 17 can be completely blocked at this time; the inner and outer through holes are rotated to be aligned with each other at the same time, and the magnetic lines of force of the magnetic pole 17 can pass through each inner and outer through hole without obstruction. In addition, the number of the inner through holes 18 and the outer through holes 19 are respectively equal to the number of the magnetic poles 17.

[0036] A plurality of driven teeth 15 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction are fixedly arranged on the outer side of one end of the outer through hole cover 8, and a plurality of driven teeth 2 16 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the end of the inner through hole cover 9 away from the driven teeth 15. A driving gear 1 is rotatably arranged on the end of the outer shell 7 adjacent to the driven teeth 15, and a driving gear 2 10 is rotatably arranged on the end of the outer shell 7 adjacent to the driven teeth 2 16. The plurality of driven teeth 15 mesh with the driving gear 1, and the plurality of driven teeth 2 16 mesh with the driving gear 2 10. The rotation direction and angle of the two through hole covers are controlled by gear transmission. A driving device 12 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the outer shell 7 adjacent to the driving gear 1 and the driving gear 2 10. The driving gear 1 and the driving gear 2 10 are respectively fixedly connected to the output shafts of the adjacent side driving devices 12, providing a power source that is easy to control for easy adjustment.

[0037] An inner bearing 13 is sleeved on the outer side of the end of the outer through-hole cover 8 near the driven tooth 15, and the outer side wall of the inner bearing 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell 7. An inner bearing 2 14 is sleeved on the outer side of the end of the inner through-hole cover 9 near the driven tooth 2 16, and the outer side wall of the inner bearing 2 14 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell 7, so that the two through-hole covers can rotate freely without generating friction and interference.

[0038] Both side ends of the outer shell 7 are fixedly connected with connecting plates 2 of the same diameter and coaxial line, the connecting plates 2 are annular structures with notches, and the ends of the two connecting plates 2 away from the outer shell 7 are fixedly connected with end covers 3, and the notches of the two connecting plates 2 are combined with the end covers 3 and the end walls of the outer shell 7 to form transmission holes 11, and the driving gear 1 1 and the driving gear 2 10 respectively penetrate the adjacent side transmission holes 11 and mesh with the driven gear 1 15 and the driven gear 2 16.

[0039] External bearings 4 are fixedly arranged on the inner sides of both end covers 3 , and the two external bearings 4 are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the two ends of the rotor 5 to reduce the rotation friction of the rotor 5 .

[0040] As a preference, the inner and outer through-hole covers are made of a material that can completely prevent magnetic lines of force from passing through.

[0041] like Fig. 9 and 12 As shown, the outer through hole cover 8 and the inner through hole cover 9 rotate until each outer through hole 19 is completely aligned with the inner through hole 18, and the outer through hole 19 and the inner through hole 18 are just aligned with each magnetic pole, and the magnetic force lines of the magnetic pole 17 pass through the adjacent outer through holes 19 and the inner through holes 18 to reach the outer wall coil of the rotor 5, thereby rotating the rotor. At this time, the magnetic field intensity at the outer wall of the magnetic pole 17 reaches a peak value.

[0042] like Fig.10 and 13 As shown, the outer through hole cover 8 and the inner through hole cover 9 rotate until the outer through holes 19 and the inner through holes 18 are just staggered with each other. At this time, the outer through holes 19 and the inner through holes 18 have no overlapping areas. The magnetic lines of force of the magnetic pole 17 are blocked by the outer through hole cover 8 and the inner through hole cover 9 and cannot pass through the inner and outer through holes to reach the outer wall coil of the rotor 5, thereby reducing the rotor speed or even preventing it from rotating. At this time, the magnetic field strength at the outer wall of the magnetic pole 17 reaches a valley value.

[0043] like Fig.11 and 14As shown, the outer through hole cover 8 and the inner through hole cover 9 rotate until each outer through hole 19 overlaps with a part of the inner through hole 18 and / or a part of the outer through hole 19 is aligned with the magnetic pole 17. At this time, part of the magnetic lines of force of the magnetic pole 17 can pass through the outer through hole 19 and the inner through hole 18 to reach the outer wall coil of the rotor 5, thereby rotating the rotor. At this time, the magnetic field strength at the outer wall of the rotor 5 is between the above-mentioned peak value and valley value, and because the outer through hole cover 8 and the inner through hole cover 9 are respectively driven by independent driving devices 12, the rotation angle and direction of the inner and outer through hole covers can be arbitrarily adjusted. During this adjustment process, the overlapping area of ​​the inner and outer through holes and the overlapping area of ​​the outer through holes and the magnetic poles can be continuously adjusted within a certain range, so that the number of magnetic lines of force passing through the inner and outer through hole covers is continuously adjusted within a certain range, that is, the magnetic field strength at the outer wall of the rotor 5 can be continuously adjusted within a certain range. Compared with the prior art, the adjustable range of the magnetic field strength of the outer wall of the rotor is improved, and stepless adjustment within this range is realized, thereby enhancing the adaptability of the power and torque output of the motor.

[0044] Preferably, the driving device 12 is a motor capable of forward and reverse rotation, in particular, a servo motor capable of accurately controlling its rotation angle and direction, which can be controlled by a corresponding controller.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A magnetic field adjustable motor, comprising an outer shell (7), characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer shell (7) is evenly and fixedly provided with a plurality of magnetic poles (17) along the circumferential direction of the cross section; a rotor (5) is rotatably provided at the center of the inner shell (7); an outer through hole cover (8) and an inner through hole cover (9) are rotatably provided between the rotor (5) and the outer shell (7); the outer through hole cover (8) is rotatably provided on the outside of the inner through hole cover (9); the rotation axes of the outer through hole cover (8), the inner through hole cover (9) and the rotor (5) are the same and coincide with the center line of the outer shell (7); a plurality of outer through holes (19) are evenly provided on the side wall of the outer through hole cover (8); a plurality of inner through holes (18) are evenly provided on the side wall of the inner through hole cover (9); the length direction of each through hole is along the axial direction of the through hole cover; the length and width of each through hole are equal; the rib width between each adjacent through hole is equal to the through hole width; the number of the inner through holes (18) and the outer through holes (19) is respectively the same as the number of the magnetic poles (17); The number of the driven gears (17) is equal; a driven gear 1 (15) is fixedly provided on the outer side of one end of the outer through hole cover (8); a driven gear 2 (16) is fixedly provided on the outer side of one end of the inner through hole cover (9) away from the driven gear 1 (15); a driving gear 1 (1) is provided on the outer shell (7) adjacent to the driven gear 1 (15); a driving gear 2 (10) is provided on the outer shell (7) adjacent to the driven gear 2 (16); the driven gear 1 (15) meshes with the driving gear 1 (1); the driven gear 2 (16) meshes with the driving gear 2 (10); a driving device (12) for respectively controlling the rotation of the driving gear 1 (1) and the driving gear 2 (10) is provided on the outer shell (7); when the outer through holes are aligned with the inner through holes and aligned with the magnetic poles, the magnetic lines of force generated by the adjacent magnetic poles all pass through the inner and outer through holes without hindrance and reach the coils on the outer wall of the rotor.

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