Construction site personnel positioning management system and method based on ultra-wideband technology

Abstract

The present invention discloses a construction site personnel positioning management system and method based on ultra-wideband technology. The base station server mechanism transmits data with the positioning device group and the application subsystem respectively. The intelligent access control subsystem controls the personnel entering and exiting the construction site according to the real-name system information in the background database, and the electronic fence subsystem controls the personnel entering and exiting each area in the construction site according to the real-name system information in the background database. The video monitoring subsystem assists the intelligent access control subsystem and the electronic fence subsystem to perform comprehensive control on the entry and exit of personnel. The personnel positioning subsystem obtains the position, behavior and vital signs information of the personnel in the construction site, and sends the information to the base station server mechanism for processing. The processed data is stored in the background database and displayed in the visualization subsystem according to the user operation mode. It can improve the accuracy and stability of real-time positioning of construction personnel in complex and changeable construction environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of smart construction sites, and in particular relates to a construction site personnel positioning management system and method that integrates UWB indoor positioning technology, 5G technology, Beidou navigation system, image recognition technology, electronic fence technology and digital twin technology. Background Art

[0002] With the advent of the Internet era, along with the rapid development of positioning technology, the application and development of related technologies based on personnel location information, location-based services (LBS) have become a basic service demand necessary for people's daily work and life. Especially in large-scale construction sites in the industry, such as tunnels, mines, seabeds, multi-story buildings and other areas where construction can be carried out, the life safety of construction workers is an increasingly important factor in the construction process, and conventional construction site management methods are difficult to effectively and in real time monitor and discover life safety hazards of construction workers. Construction management personnel have an urgent need to locate construction personnel and equipment to ensure the personal safety of construction personnel, equipment safety and construction progress.

[0003] In the field of smart construction sites, wireless sensors, artificial intelligence, digital twins and other technologies are highly integrated with traditional structures, wearable devices for personnel, and construction site access control to form the Internet of Things. The Internet technology is used to integrate construction sites and construction personnel in a more intelligent way, effectively improving the efficiency, flexibility and clarity of construction personnel's work. The actual effect of smart construction sites depends largely on the accuracy of personnel positioning. Through the combination of various software and hardware and the selection of appropriate indoor technologies for real-time human-machine positioning, the safety of construction personnel and equipment and the progress of construction are ensured. Personnel positioning in construction sites is different from that in ordinary civilian places. It has more stringent requirements on the penetration, anti-interference and positioning accuracy of indoor positioning technology. In a construction environment with dense steel bars and dense equipment, it is necessary to ensure that the signal strength of indoor positioning technology meets the communication requirements and can penetrate obstacles of a certain thickness. At the same time, it is also necessary to ensure that good accuracy can be maintained under the interference of complex environments with dense signals in various frequency bands. In this way, as the construction period progresses, the safety of construction personnel and construction efficiency can be effectively guaranteed in the ever-changing construction environment.

[0004] The existing smart construction site systems have low accuracy in positioning personnel, weak personnel management, weak control over construction progress, and fail to meet the requirements of intelligent conversion of multiple positioning technologies to adapt to different application scenarios. They also fail to keep up with the trend of increasing attention to the life safety of construction workers. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems in the existing smart construction site systems of low accuracy in personnel positioning, weak personnel management, weak control over construction progress, and failure to meet the requirements of intelligent conversion of multiple positioning technologies to adapt to different application scenarios, the present invention provides a construction site personnel positioning management system and method based on ultra-wideband technology, which can improve the accuracy and stability of real-time positioning of construction personnel in complex and changeable construction environments, solve the obstruction and interference of signal transmission in construction environments with dense steel bars and equipment, and ensure accuracy under interference of signals in various frequency bands.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a construction site personnel positioning management system based on ultra-wideband technology, including a base station server mechanism, a positioning device group, and an application subsystem, the base station server mechanism transmits data with the positioning device group and the application subsystem respectively; the application subsystem includes a visualization subsystem, an intelligent access control subsystem, a personnel positioning subsystem, an electronic fence subsystem, a video monitoring subsystem and a background database; the intelligent access control subsystem controls the personnel entering and exiting the construction site according to the real-name information in the background database, and the electronic fence subsystem controls the personnel entering and exiting each area in the construction site according to the real-name information in the background database, the video monitoring subsystem assists the intelligent access control subsystem and the electronic fence subsystem to perform comprehensive control on the entry and exit of personnel, the personnel positioning subsystem obtains the position, behavior and vital signs information of the personnel in the construction site, and sends the information to the base station server mechanism for processing, the processed data is stored in the background database, and is displayed in the visualization subsystem according to the user operation mode.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention,

[0008] The base station server mechanism includes at least one local server and a local base station; the positioning device group includes a tag group to be tested and an external device group,

[0009] The tag group to be tested includes a tag body to be tested, a monitoring module group a and a processor module a, wherein the monitoring module group a and the processor module a are placed in the tag body to be tested and are electrically connected to the tag body to be tested; the monitoring module group a includes a UWB module group, a Beidou module group, a 5G module group and an additional module group;

[0010] The external device group includes a positioning node group, a 5G base station and a Beidou terminal; the positioning node group and the base station server mechanism perform wireless data transmission through UWB technology, and set up a wired backup transmission channel; the positioning node group includes a plurality of UWB positioning node devices, the 5G module group sends a signal to the 5G base station to realize 5G positioning and communication, and the Beidou terminal realizes Beidou positioning and communication with the local base station through Beidou satellites;

[0011] The personnel positioning subsystem includes the positioning device group and a software platform, and the software platform acquires and analyzes all position information and transmits the information to the user;

[0012] The visualization subsystem includes a construction site BIM model and a digital twin platform. The BIM model is displayed in the digital twin platform. The digital twin platform accesses the base station server mechanism, personnel positioning subsystem, visualization subsystem, intelligent access control subsystem, and electronic fence subsystem data to realize data visualization;

[0013] The intelligent access control subsystem includes the positioning node group and access control equipment;

[0014] The electronic fence subsystem includes a plurality of the UWB aggregation nodes;

[0015] The video surveillance subsystem includes a camera, a broadcasting device and a high-definition display screen, and can be installed at the access control and the edge of the electronic fence.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention,

[0017] The positioning nodes of the UWB positioning node device are divided into UWB aggregation nodes and UWB anchor nodes.

[0018] The UWB positioning node device comprises a processor module b, a monitoring module group b and a UWB positioning node device body. The processor module b and the monitoring module group b are placed in the UWB positioning node device body and are electrically connected to the UWB positioning node device body. The UWB positioning node device is connected to an external power supply.

[0019] A construction site personnel positioning management method based on ultra-wideband technology, based on the use of the above system, includes the following steps:

[0020] (1) Deployment locations of local base stations, UWB aggregation nodes, and UWB anchor nodes;

[0021] (2) Establish a backend database based on the requirements of the construction project and the real-name information of the construction unit employees;

[0022] (3) Establish a three-dimensional BIM model based on the data of the target structure in the construction project, as well as the actual construction site size and area distribution;

[0023] (4) Establish a visualization subsystem and interface to centrally manage and visualize monitoring data within the construction site;

[0024] (5) Select a location as the access control for the construction site and establish an intelligent access control subsystem and video surveillance subsystem for the construction site;

[0025] When positioning personnel, the construction personnel are about to enter a certain area of ​​the construction site. When the UWB aggregation node detects that the construction personnel are carrying the tag information to be tested, it wakes up all its own modules and sends the connection test data to the monitoring module group b through the serial port. The monitoring module group b sends the connection test data to the local server through the local base station; after the local server receives the connection test data, it sends a command frame to the UWB aggregation node through the local base station, requiring the UWB aggregation node to send a control signal to all UWB anchor nodes in the area to wake up the UWB anchor nodes and return connection confirmation information; when the UWB aggregation node receives all the connection confirmation information in the area, it feeds back the number of normal working devices and the coordinates of failed devices in the local server through the local base station, and the personnel positioning work in the area starts at the same time;

[0026] After the personnel positioning work in a certain area of ​​the construction site begins, all UWB anchor nodes in the area identify the tags to be tested and receive the tag information to be tested; the UWB aggregation node receives and aggregates the tag information to be tested monitored by all UWB anchor nodes contained in the area, and sends the aggregated information to the local base station; the local server receives and parses the tag information to be tested processed by the local base station, calculates the three-dimensional space coordinates corresponding to the tag information to be tested according to the analysis results, and optimizes the three-dimensional space coordinates of the tag to be tested, confirms the location information of the tag to be tested according to the coordinates, parses the construction personnel behavior information and the construction personnel vital signs information of the tag to be tested, determines the personnel safety level according to the analysis results, and determines whether the construction personnel can continue to work according to the current safety level of the construction personnel; after the local server data is parsed, it is visualized according to the system user settings;

[0027] After the local server parses the information of the tag to be tested and calculates that there is no information of the tag to be tested in a certain area of ​​the construction site, it sends the regional standby control information to all UWB aggregation nodes in the area through the local server. After receiving the regional standby control information, the UWB aggregation node sends a control signal to all UWB anchor nodes in the area through the monitoring module group b, requiring all UWB anchor nodes to return standby confirmation information and turn on the standby state; after receiving all standby confirmation information in the area, the UWB aggregation node feeds back the number of standby devices and the coordinates of failed devices to the local server through the local base station. After the information is sent, all UWB aggregation nodes only maintain a passive positioning state.

[0028] As a further embodiment of the present invention,

[0029] The locations of the deployment of the local base station, UWB aggregation node, and UWB anchor node are specifically:

[0030] Deploy at least one local base station outside each area of ​​the construction site based on the actual construction site size and area divisions and at locations where effective wireless communication with electronic equipment within each area can be carried out;

[0031] Deploy several UWB aggregation nodes at locations in each area where effective wireless communication can be carried out according to the actual construction site size and regional distribution;

[0032] Deploy several UWB anchor nodes at locations in each area where the UWB anchor nodes and the UWB aggregation nodes can conduct effective wireless communication, and the locations are also locations where the information of the tags to be tested can be effectively obtained; the UWB aggregation nodes and the UWB anchor nodes in each area are self-organized into a network topology structure according to the routing protocol;

[0033] After the location of the UWB aggregation node is determined, the UWB anchor node is deployed, the host computer is turned on and connected to the network.

[0034] As a further embodiment of the present invention,

[0035] The local server optimizes the three-dimensional space coordinates of the tag to be tested by using a sight state recognition method and a target position estimation method under a particle filter framework.

[0036] As a further embodiment of the present invention,

[0037] The sight line state recognition method is:

[0038]

[0039] Among them, Mc is the introduced metric, which represents FP ampl With PK amp Ratio of FP ampl Indicates the maximum value of the first path amplitude at the feature point; PK amp is the peak value reported by CIR;

[0040] When Mc≥0.9, the related measurement in the closed interval is directly determined to be in LOS state, that is, line-of-sight state; otherwise, it is calculated according to the following formula:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, prNLOS is the probability that the relevant measurement is in the NLOS state, that is, the non-line-of-sight state; IDiff is the introduced parameter, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0043] IDiff=|P fp -P pp |

[0044] Among them, P fpIndicates the position of the first path in the accumulator; P pp Indicates the position of the peak path in the accumulator, and both are directly obtained by accessing the corresponding registers;

[0045] When 3.3 < IDiff < 6, directly determine the line-of-sight state of the relevant measurement within the closed interval through the following formula:

[0046]

[0047] As a further implementation of the present invention,

[0048] The target position estimation method under the particle filter framework is as follows:

[0049]

[0050] where x t is the position estimation value of the tag to be measured at time t; is the state of the i-th particle of the tag to be measured at time t; is the corresponding weight; is the likelihood estimation of the measurement obtained by the i-th particle of the tag to be measured for the j-th UWB anchor node ; R Aj is the reliability of the measurement provided by the j-th anchor node, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] where S is the number of all effective intersection points between the straight line where the grid center point of the j-th anchor node and is located and all approximate models of all occlusions within ; is the rectangular feasible region of the UWB anchor node.

[0053] As a further implementation of the present invention,

[0054] The intelligent access control subsystem and the video surveillance subsystem cooperate to determine the operation permission level and real-name system information of the personnel about to enter the construction site; the positioning node group identifies the tag to be measured carried by the personnel, and the local server obtains and analyzes the background database information mapped by the tag to be measured; the camera of the video surveillance subsystem records the video image information of the personnel, the local server analyzes the video image data, matches the background database information according to the analysis result, and comprehensively compares it with the data analyzed by the positioning node group to determine the equipment matching situation, operation permission level and real-name system information of the personnel, and stores the comparison result and the video image.

[0055] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: the present invention highly integrates artificial intelligence technology, sensing technology and digital twin technology with traditional construction sites, construction personnel safety protection equipment and construction site access control and other objects to form the Internet of Things, and integrates the structures, equipment and construction personnel at the construction site through UWB wireless communication technology for unified management, improves the efficiency, flexibility and clarity of the operation in a more intelligent way, and integrates various types of software and hardware and Beidou positioning technology, 5G positioning technology and UWB positioning technology for real-time positioning of construction personnel to ensure the personal safety of construction personnel and construction progress. The UWB technology used in the present invention improves the accuracy and stability of real-time positioning of construction personnel under complex and changeable construction environments, solves the blocking and interference of signal transmission in construction environments with dense steel bars and dense equipment, and ensures the accuracy under various frequency band signal interference, thereby meeting the market demand for high-precision visual management of construction personnel on construction sites, accurate early warning of construction safety, and work efficiency and cost control during construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the construction site personnel positioning management system of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 It is a detailed schematic diagram of the positioning equipment group;

[0058] Figure 3 Workflow diagram of the construction site personnel positioning management system when construction personnel enter the work area;

[0059] Figure 4 To visualize the process of positioning data;

[0060] Figure 5 This is the example site distribution map;

[0061] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-storey building construction site;

[0062] Figure 7 Display schematic diagram for BIM visualization page;

[0063] Figures 7a-7d for Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of

[0064] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the full life cycle management of structures;

[0065] Fig. 9 This is a diagram of the full cycle management of personnel;

[0066] Fig.10 Schematic diagram for the joint management of people, machines, materials and structures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] The present invention provides a construction site personnel positioning management system and method based on ultra-wideband technology. The ultra-wideband UWB technology improves the accuracy and stability of personnel three-dimensional real-time positioning in a complex and changeable construction environment, solves the blocking and interference of signal transmission in a construction environment with dense steel bars and equipment, and in addition, the present invention combines Beidou and 5G technology to improve the versatility of the system, and solves the problem that a single technology is difficult to meet the requirements of accurate real-time positioning indoors and outdoors at the same time. Thereby meeting the market demand for high-precision visual management of construction site construction personnel, accurate early warning of construction safety, and control of work efficiency and cost during the construction process.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] A construction site personnel positioning management system based on ultra-wideband technology, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a base station server mechanism, a positioning device group, and an application subsystem. Wireless data transmission is carried out between the base station server mechanism and the positioning device group, and a wired backup transmission channel is set up. Through the cooperation of various application subsystems, visual three-dimensional positioning, intelligent management and control of construction risks, multi-environment adaptive positioning, and digital twin character co-management functions are realized.

[0071] The application subsystem includes a visualization subsystem, an intelligent access control subsystem, a personnel positioning subsystem, an electronic fence subsystem, a video monitoring subsystem and a background database; the intelligent access control subsystem controls the personnel entering and exiting the construction site according to the real-name information in the background database, and the electronic fence subsystem controls the personnel entering and exiting each area in the construction site according to the real-name information in the background database. The video monitoring subsystem assists the intelligent access control subsystem and the electronic fence subsystem in comprehensively controlling the entry and exit of personnel, and serves as one of the evidences for future dispute resolution. The personnel positioning subsystem obtains information such as the location, behavior, and vital signs of personnel in the construction site, and sends the information to the base station server mechanism for processing, and the processing methods include but are not limited to screening, noise reduction and analysis. The processed data is stored in the background database and displayed in the visualization subsystem according to the user operation mode.

[0072] The base station server mechanism includes at least one local server 100 and a local base station 200;

[0073] The positioning device group includes the tag group to be tested and the external device group, such as Figure 2 As shown;

[0074] The tag group to be tested includes a tag body to be tested, a monitoring module group a and a processor module a, wherein the monitoring module group a and the processor module a are placed in the tag body to be tested and are electrically connected to the tag body to be tested; the monitoring module group a includes but is not limited to a UWB module group, a Beidou module group, a 5G module group and an additional module group, as well as any combination of the module groups; optionally, the tag body to be tested includes but is not limited to a vehicle-powered tag, a battery-powered tag and a power supply tag. The UWB module group includes but is not limited to a UWB positioning module, a vital signs monitoring module, a three-axis accelerometer and a gyroscope.

[0075] The external device group includes a positioning node group, a 5G base station 400 and a Beidou terminal 500; the positioning node group and the base station server mechanism perform wireless data transmission through UWB technology, and set a wired backup transmission channel;

[0076] The positioning node group includes multiple UWB positioning node devices LO. According to different transmission protocols and internal logics, the positioning nodes of the UWB positioning node devices LO are divided into UWB aggregation nodes 600 and UWB anchor nodes 700. The UWB positioning node device includes a processor module b, a monitoring module group b and a UWB positioning node device body. The processor module b and the monitoring module group b are placed in the UWB positioning node device body and are electrically connected to the UWB positioning node device body; the UWB positioning node device is connected to an external power supply.

[0077] The 5G module group sends a signal to the 5G base station 400 to achieve 5G positioning and communication, and the Beidou terminal achieves Beidou positioning and communication with the local base station 200 through Beidou satellites;

[0078] The personnel positioning subsystem includes the positioning device group and a software platform, and the software platform obtains and analyzes all location information and transmits the information to the user; the present invention does not specifically require a specific category of the software platform.

[0079] The visualization subsystem includes a construction site BIM model and a digital twin platform. The BIM model is displayed in the digital twin platform. The digital twin platform accesses the base station server mechanism, personnel positioning subsystem, visualization subsystem, intelligent access control subsystem, and electronic fence subsystem data to realize data visualization. The present invention does not specifically require a digital twin platform enterprise.

[0080] The intelligent access control subsystem includes the positioning node group and access control equipment;

[0081] The electronic fence subsystem includes a plurality of the UWB aggregation nodes;

[0082] The video surveillance subsystem includes high-precision cameras, broadcasting equipment and high-definition display screens. The installation location is determined according to the actual situation of the construction site and can be installed at but not limited to access control and the edge of the electronic fence.

[0083] Furthermore, based on the construction site personnel positioning management system implemented by the present invention, when receiving the information of the tag to be tested of the UWB aggregation node 600 through the local base station 200 and sending it to the local server 100 to realize the positioning of the tag to be tested, it is necessary to implement the relevant functions required by each subsystem under the construction site personnel positioning management system in the local server 100 according to the relevant functional requirements of each subsystem under the construction site personnel positioning management system. The functions include but are not limited to the analysis of the three-dimensional space real-time positioning data of the construction personnel, the verification of the identity of the construction personnel and the real-name system information, the verification of the operation authority of the construction personnel and the level of the operation area, the statistics of the operation time of the construction personnel, the calculation of the actual work efficiency of the construction personnel, the life safety monitoring of the construction personnel and the real-time scheduling of the construction personnel. The terminal of the construction site personnel positioning management system can be a PC terminal, or it can be a terminal device with system installation and wireless communication functions such as a smart phone and a tablet computer.

[0084] In practical applications, the minimum number of base stations required and the optimal position of signal transmission efficiency in the current construction site model are analyzed by the optimal signal transmission efficiency algorithm, and the local server 100, the corresponding number of local base stations 200 and the 5G base station 400 are respectively installed at the optimal signal transmission efficiency. Figure 5 , Figure 6 :

[0085] (1) In a multi-layer closed construction scenario, the UWB aggregation node 600 is arranged at the corner point of each floor, and the UWB aggregation node 600 is located on the same vertical axis. The UWB aggregation nodes 600 of each floor share information. The UWB anchor node 700 is based on the actual model of the current construction site, and according to the positioning requirements of the construction site and the optimal positioning efficiency algorithm, the UWB anchor nodes 700 are installed at the corresponding positions of the construction site.

[0086] (2) In an open construction scenario, the UWB aggregation node 600 is installed at the corners of each area to construct an electronic fence based on the actual model of the current construction site and the regional division of the construction site. The UWB anchor node 700 is installed at the corresponding positions of the construction site based on the actual model of the current construction site and the positioning requirements of the construction site and the optimal positioning efficiency within the electronic fence.

[0087] Based on the above implementation plan, Beidou positioning technology, 5G positioning technology and UWB positioning technology are used to accurately locate construction workers in various construction environments and communication environments in the construction site in real time in three-dimensional space. In addition to obtaining the immediate and accurate location of the construction workers, the height information of the construction workers can be monitored to prevent and immediately discover the danger of falling from heights. At the same time, real-time data collection is realized, which provides a lot of convenience for structural monitoring and background scheduling during the construction period and operation and maintenance of the structure during its service life, effectively saving manpower and material resources; the intelligent access control subsystem, electronic fence subsystem and video monitoring subsystem ensure the real-name information of construction workers entering the construction site, ensure that the construction workers' work authority level meets the requirements of the area within the construction site, and prevent construction workers from entering dangerous areas, and prevent dangers caused by improper operation or inability to respond to emergencies; in addition, with the help of additional module groups, the vital signs of construction workers are monitored throughout the entire operation cycle, potential dangers are prevented, and existing dangers are discovered and rescued in time to ensure the personal safety of construction workers working on the construction site.

[0088] Specifically, the system function has the following specific features:

[0089] 1. Visual 3D positioning

[0090] Beidou, 5G and UWB technologies are selected as the positioning technology of the present invention to achieve full coverage of the construction area. While ensuring anti-interference ability, positioning range, data transmission speed accuracy and other factors, the construction personnel are positioned in three dimensions with centimeter-level accuracy, and the positioning data is dynamically visualized in real time through the BIM model. At the same time, linked with the video, the personnel are tracked by video, and the on-site conditions of each area are observed anytime and anywhere, which facilitates real-time management and effectively ensures the safety of personnel and materials.

[0091] The visualization includes but is not limited to BIM data visualization, personnel trajectory visualization and personnel information visualization, and has the following characteristics:

[0092] (1) BIM data visualization:

[0093] A three-dimensional model is generated based on the data in the BIM model for visual display. The model visualizes the actual status of the structure based on the data feedback from the sensors in the structure, and supports arbitrary queries and calls.

[0094] (2) Visualization of personnel trajectories:

[0095] The personnel trajectory includes the personnel's three-dimensional spatial motion trajectory and the personnel's action trajectory. The three-dimensional spatial motion trajectory of each construction worker is displayed in real time and visualized according to the location information of the tag to be tested in the local server, and users are supported to trace back the historical trajectory of the construction workers. The different colors in the trajectory represent the length of time spent at a certain location, and this is used to calculate working time, analyze work efficiency, and settle labor costs. The behavioral habits of each construction worker are recorded according to the personnel's action trajectory to provide managers with more detailed management information. Based on the three-dimensional spatial motion trajectory information, the time spent in place, and the personnel's action trajectory information, it is determined whether the construction workers are in danger of falling, being hit by heavy objects, etc., and the background management personnel are notified in time for rescue.

[0096] (3) Visualization of personnel information:

[0097] Any construction personnel information can be called up at any time on the BIM visualization page, including but not limited to basic personnel information, personnel employment information, personnel training status information, personnel construction site authority information, vital signs information and effective working hours. The above information does not involve personal privacy and is managed and displayed with the knowledge and consent of the person concerned.

[0098] 2. Intelligent management and control of construction risks

[0099] Intelligent construction risk management and control includes real-name information verification of construction personnel, danger warning and danger rescue. It verifies and dispatches the identity, technical type and work authority level of construction personnel through the intelligent access control subsystem, electronic fence subsystem and video monitoring subsystem to ensure that the work authority level of construction personnel meets the requirements of the area within the construction site, so that construction personnel and tasks are accurately matched to prevent dangers caused by improper operation or inability to respond to emergencies; in addition, with the help of additional module groups, the vital signs of construction personnel are monitored throughout the entire operation cycle, potential dangers are prevented, and existing dangers are discovered and rescued in a timely manner to ensure the personal safety of construction personnel working on the construction site. The intelligent construction risk management and control has the following characteristics:

[0100] (1) Real-name information verification of construction personnel:

[0101] According to the mapping relationship between the real-name information of personnel in the background database and the real-name information of the tags to be tested and the background database, the corresponding relationship between one signature and one person is ensured. An intelligent access control subsystem is deployed at the gate of the construction site, and an electronic fence subsystem is deployed on the periphery of each area. The identity of construction personnel is checked when they pass through the intelligent access control or electronic fence, and a daily report is formed for record filing, and video surveillance and face recognition are combined to achieve refined management of the real-name system.

[0102] When there is no information on file, entry is prohibited or relevant documents need to be presented for manual confirmation to enter the area. After manual confirmation, temporary passes are issued to outsiders, and the entry and exit time of outside visitors, the time they stay in a certain area, activity tracks and other information can be viewed in real time to prevent customers from entering dangerous areas without permission and causing accidents, realize refined, digital and intelligent management of visitors, and improve the visitors' inspection experience.

[0103] (2) Danger warning:

[0104] The additional module group monitors the vital signs of construction workers throughout the entire operation cycle, comprehensively evaluates their current health status, and promptly stops construction workers who are approaching dangerous conditions based on set thresholds, ensuring that construction workers always operate in normal physical conditions.

[0105] Through the monitoring of construction personnel behavior, the behavior of construction personnel can be monitored in real time, and the activities of construction personnel can be predicted, with all-round intelligent management, improving management quality, and preventing the occurrence of safety accidents to the greatest extent. It can also record the behavior habits of each construction personnel, provide more detailed management information to management personnel, and further enhance the danger warning effect for construction personnel. It can also promptly correct the operator's erroneous operation, thereby effectively avoiding or reducing the safety hazards caused by improper operation of the operator. Alarm the construction personnel who appear at the edge of the dangerous area or unauthorized area, send an alarm signal to the background management personnel, and display the corresponding alarm information in the BIM model to further ensure the life safety of the construction personnel. When the construction personnel leave the area, the alarm stops; otherwise, the alarm signal is enhanced and the background management personnel are notified to control. The relevant management personnel go to the site to check the situation and make corresponding violations. When the number of violations reaches the upper limit, the construction personnel must stop working and return to their posts after receiving safety training.

[0106] (3) Dangerous rescue:

[0107] Based on the accurate three-dimensional real-time location and residence time of the construction workers, supplemented by the monitoring of their vital signs and behavior, it is determined whether the construction workers are currently in a dangerous state. Based on the judgment results or the received distress information from the construction workers, the back-end management personnel will immediately dispatch nearby construction workers for rescue and connect with relevant rescue agencies for assistance. At the same time, through video monitoring and voice communication, the construction workers involved in the rescue can take the correct first aid methods for first aid before seeing a doctor.

[0108] 3. Multi-environment adaptive positioning

[0109] Beidou, 5G and UWB technologies are selected as the positioning technology of the present invention to adapt to various environmental conditions such as open, closed, and no signal for three-dimensional real-time accurate positioning of personnel. The 5G positioning technology uses a 5G base station to send the tag information to be tested to the local base station. The Beidou positioning technology uses a Beidou terminal to send the tag information to be tested to the local base station via a Beidou satellite. The UWB technology uses a local area network to perform centimeter-level precision positioning of construction personnel.

[0110] UWB technology builds a local area network to locate personnel and transmit data. It has the advantages of high precision, strong anti-interference, low power consumption and wireless transmission. It has a wide range of application scenarios, such as mines, tunnels, seabeds and other scenarios with a high probability of safety accidents.

[0111] 5G signals have the advantages of high speed, ubiquitous network, low power consumption, low latency, and the interconnection of all things. UWB combined with 5G signals makes up for the shortcomings of 5G in complex and closed environments, where the signal is weak or there is no signal. The local area network formed by UWB realizes accurate positioning and fast data transmission in the area, and finally connects to the 5G signal through the aggregation node and uploads it to the cloud server. It realizes high-speed data transmission from data collection to uploading to the cloud, which can effectively meet the requirements of some types of work for large data transmission and low latency. At the same time, 5G can also locate personnel, and can realize data interconnection of multiple construction areas and multiple types of information, further strengthening the upper-level management effect.

[0112] The Beidou system can obtain high-precision positioning information underground in open areas. The combination of UWB and the Beidou system can effectively make up for the shortcomings of UWB's insufficient control capabilities in open areas due to its small coverage range. At the same time, it also solves the problem of a significant decrease in the positioning accuracy of the Beidou system in confined spaces. The advantages complement each other and achieve high-precision, low-latency real-time positioning of personnel in the entire area.

[0113] 4. Digital twin character co-management

[0114] Through the positioning technology and other monitoring modules combining Beidou, 5G and UWB technologies, full-cycle and all-round management of construction personnel can be achieved; by accessing the monitoring data of the structure of the external health monitoring system, the present invention can add real-time visualization of the structure and related engineering data in the visualization subsystem, and realize the comprehensive digital twin management and control of construction personnel and structures. The external health monitoring system monitors the engineering data related to the structure through sensors deployed on the structure, and evaluates the current health status of the structure based on the monitoring data, generates reinforcement and maintenance methods for the structure, and predicts the future service life of the structure. The engineering data includes but is not limited to strain, stress, bending moment, vibration mode, vibration frequency, and damping ratio. The digital twin character co-management includes construction personnel management, construction process control and structure management, and has the following characteristics:

[0115] (1) Construction personnel management

[0116] Through the positioning technology that combines Beidou, 5G and UWB technologies, construction personnel are accurately positioned in three dimensions in real time during the construction phase and daily inspection and maintenance, supplemented by construction personnel vital signs monitoring, construction personnel behavior monitoring, construction personnel stay time, personnel real-name information in the background database, and the mapping relationship between the tested tags and the real-name information in the background database. The construction personnel are managed intelligently throughout the entire operation cycle, from personnel identity verification to work efficiency to life safety, and the activities of construction personnel can be predicted to improve the quality of management.

[0117] (2) Construction process control

[0118] Based on the behavior monitoring of personnel, including but not limited to overtime monitoring, crowd monitoring, and stationary monitoring, the passive sabotage behavior of construction personnel is identified and warned to improve the overall construction efficiency. In addition, the entry and exit time of construction personnel at a certain node and the length of stay in a certain place are supplemented by the construction personnel's corresponding time in the area, and the stay time is classified and counted, so as to further effectively supervise whether the construction personnel are passive and lazy. The classification includes but is not limited to life and entertainment time and work time. After the stage construction is completed, the management personnel will judge the efficiency of the construction personnel based on the degree of match between the working time and the final results, and determine the degree of reward and punishment based on this.

[0119] The present invention supports real-time communication between back-end management personnel and construction personnel, and combines the positioning information and personnel information displayed on the BIM visualization page to determine the personnel allocation situation in each area of ​​the current construction site, and conducts real-time personnel scheduling, making full use of manpower, improving construction efficiency, greatly saving time and cost, and shortening construction period.

[0120] (3)Structure management

[0121] The present invention can be connected to an external health monitoring system, and the structure from the beginning of construction to project delivery and then to daily operation and maintenance is included in the system for full life cycle management and control. Through the structure monitoring data and digital twin technology, the real-time health status of the structure and related engineering data are displayed synchronously with the personnel trajectory information in the BIM visualization page, and support the call and viewing of related data at any time; at the same time, the structure engineering calculation can be performed on the page to judge the effect of the completed construction, and the next construction method can be planned and simulated, and the future construction period and cost can be predicted to achieve co-management of people and improve management effects. The structure monitoring data can be transmitted to a local server or a cloud server via a local area network formed by UWB or devices carried by construction personnel, such as mobile phones, iPads, etc., while ensuring data transmission efficiency and accuracy, reducing the cost of hardware equipment deployment.

[0122] Example 2

[0123] A method for positioning and managing construction site personnel based on ultra-wideband technology, based on the use of the system described in the embodiment, includes:

[0124] (1) Location of local base stations, UWB aggregation nodes, and UWB anchor nodes:

[0125] Deploy at least one local base station outside each area of ​​the construction site based on the actual construction site size and area divisions and at locations where effective wireless communication with electronic equipment within each area can be carried out;

[0126] A certain number of UWB aggregation nodes are deployed at locations in each area where effective wireless communication can be carried out according to the actual construction site size and regional distribution;

[0127] A certain number of UWB anchor nodes are deployed at locations in each area where the UWB anchor nodes and the UWB aggregation nodes can conduct effective wireless communication, and the locations are also locations where the information of the tags to be tested can be effectively obtained; the UWB aggregation nodes and the UWB anchor nodes in each area are self-organized into a network topology structure according to the routing protocol;

[0128] After the location of the UWB aggregation node is determined, the UWB anchor node is deployed, the host computer is turned on and connected to the network.

[0129] (2) Establish a backend database based on the requirements of the construction project and the real-name information of the construction unit employees; write relevant algorithm programs and integrate them into the corresponding module group in the system;

[0130] (3) Establish a three-dimensional BIM model based on the data of the target structure in the construction project, as well as the actual construction site size and area distribution;

[0131] (4) Establish a visualization subsystem and related interfaces for centralized management and visualization of monitoring data within the construction site;

[0132] (5) According to the actual construction site environment and traffic requirements, select a location as the construction site access control, and establish an intelligent access control subsystem and video surveillance subsystem for the construction site;

[0133] When positioning personnel, the construction personnel are about to enter a certain area of ​​the construction site. When the UWB aggregation node 600 detects that the construction personnel are carrying the tag information to be tested, it wakes up all its own modules and sends the connection test data to the corresponding module in the monitoring module group b through the serial port. The monitoring module group b sends the connection test data to the local server through the local base station; after the local server receives the connection test data, it sends a command frame to the UWB aggregation node 600 through the local base station, requiring the UWB aggregation node 600 to send a control signal to all UWB anchor nodes 700 in the area to which it belongs, wake up the UWB anchor node 700 and return connection confirmation information; when the UWB aggregation node 600 receives all the connection confirmation information in the area to which it belongs, it feeds back the number of normal working devices and the coordinates of failed devices in the local server through the local base station, and the personnel positioning work in the area starts at the same time;

[0134] After the work of positioning personnel in a certain area of ​​the construction site begins, all UWB anchor nodes in the area identify the tags to be tested and receive the tag information to be tested; the UWB aggregation node receives and aggregates the tag information to be tested monitored by all UWB anchor nodes contained in the area, and sends the aggregated information to the local base station; the UWB aggregation nodes 600 on each floor of the multi-story building share information. The local server receives and parses the tag information to be tested processed by the local base station, calculates the three-dimensional spatial coordinates corresponding to the tag information to be tested based on the analysis results, and optimizes the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the tag to be tested, confirms the location information of the tag to be tested based on the coordinates, parses the construction personnel behavior information and the construction personnel vital signs information of the tag to be tested, determines the personnel safety level based on the analysis results, and determines whether the construction personnel can continue to work based on the current safety level of the construction personnel; after the local server data is parsed, it is visualized according to the system user settings;

[0135] After the local server parses the information of the tag to be tested and calculates that there is no information of the tag to be tested in a certain area of ​​the construction site, it sends the regional standby control information to all UWB aggregation nodes in the area through the local server. After receiving the regional standby control information, the UWB aggregation node sends a control signal to all UWB anchor nodes in the area through the monitoring module group b, requiring all UWB anchor nodes to return standby confirmation information and turn on the standby state; after receiving all standby confirmation information in the area, the UWB aggregation node feeds back the number of standby devices and the coordinates of failed devices to the local server through the local base station. After the information is sent, all UWB aggregation nodes only maintain a passive positioning state.

[0136] The information of the tag to be tested includes but is not limited to the location information of the tag to be tested, the behavior information of the construction personnel, the vital signs information of the construction personnel and the ID of the tag to be tested. The location information includes the three-dimensional real-time precise location, real-time trajectory, historical trajectory and residence time, and the residence time includes the residence time in each area of ​​the electronic fence and the residence time in the original place in the trajectory.

[0137] Considering the use cost, in actual application, different types of tag bodies to be tested can be selected to meet the positioning requirements according to the characteristics of the positioning object group. The tag bodies to be tested include but are not limited to vehicle-mounted power supply tags, battery-powered tags and power supply tags.

[0138] In actual use, due to cost constraints and different operation contents, when realizing the positioning requirements of different types of operations or positioning under different personnel densities and different environments, different positioning requirements can be realized by selecting different combinations of monitoring module groups. In the present invention, the monitoring module group in the tag group to be tested includes but is not limited to a UWB module group, a Beidou module group, a 5G module group and an additional module group, as well as any combination of the module groups.

[0139] The processor module in the UWB positioning node device LO can call the relevant algorithm program and perform the following operations:

[0140] Call the Beidou positioning, 5G positioning and UWB positioning intelligent conversion algorithms and programs, and intelligently select the currently used positioning technology according to the environmental complexity of the location of the tag to be tested and the actual signal strength.

[0141] The electronic fence algorithm and program are called to adaptively match the actual situation of the construction site and the status of nearby equipment, and the corresponding UWB positioning node device LO automatically forms an electronic fence.

[0142] The local server 100 may call the relevant algorithm program to perform the following operations:

[0143] The optimal positioning efficiency algorithm and program and the optimal signal transmission efficiency algorithm and program are called, and based on the calculation results, the minimum number of UWB anchor nodes 700 in the electronic fence under the known position of the UWB aggregation node 600 and the optimal position of positioning efficiency, as well as the minimum number of base stations required in the current construction site model and the optimal signal transmission efficiency are obtained.

[0144] The information of the tag to be tested reported by the base station is received, wherein the information of the tag to be tested includes but is not limited to the location information of the tag to be tested, the behavior information of the construction personnel, the vital signs information of the construction personnel and the ID of the tag to be tested.

[0145] Further, the position information of the tag to be tested is analyzed, and the three-dimensional space coordinates corresponding to the tag information to be tested are calculated according to the analysis results. The position information of the tag to be tested is confirmed according to the coordinates, and the position information includes: three-dimensional real-time precise position, real-time trajectory, historical trajectory and residence time, and the residence time includes the residence time of each area of ​​the electronic fence and the residence time in the original place in the trajectory.

[0146] At the same time, the construction worker behavior model algorithm is called to analyze the construction worker behavior within the electronic fence of the construction site according to the construction worker behavior model, and alarms are issued for wrong operations and dangerous behaviors. The construction worker behavior model includes but is not limited to the construction worker operation model and the construction worker movement model.

[0147] At the same time, the behavior information and vital signs information of the construction workers of the tags to be tested are analyzed to monitor the vital signs of the construction workers throughout the entire operation cycle, prevent potential dangers, and immediately discover and rescue existing dangers, so as to ensure the personal safety of the construction workers working on the construction site.

[0148] Furthermore, the local server 100 completes the verification of the identity of the construction personnel and the real-name information, the verification of the construction personnel's work authority and the level of the work area, the statistics of the construction personnel's work time, the calculation of the actual work efficiency of the construction personnel, the life safety monitoring of the construction personnel, and the real-time scheduling of the construction personnel based on the data sent by the local base station 200 and the background database. The background database includes the real-name information of the personnel, the level of work authority, the accumulated time of the work, the actual work efficiency of the work, and the mapping relationship between the tags to be tested and the real-name information in the background database.

[0149] To verify the identity of the construction personnel with the real-name information, the following operations need to be performed: parsing the video image information in the video surveillance subsystem, and matching the information in the background database according to the parsing results. Calling the program in the intelligent access control system, identifying the tag to be tested, parsing the real-name information of the personnel mapped by the tag to be tested, and comparing it with the real-name information of the personnel in the video image information, and issuing relevant alarms based on the comparison results. The relevant alarms include: (1) When it is determined that the real-name information of the tag to be tested and the positioning object does not match the data in the background database, outputting an alarm message of incorrect identity. (2) When it is determined that the real-name information of the tag to be tested and the positioning object matches the data in the background database, outputting an alarm message of allowing passage. (3) When the UWB positioning node device LO fails to search for the relevant tag to be tested, outputting an alarm message of not wearing the tag.

[0150] The construction personnel's work authority and the work area level are checked, and the following operations need to be performed: call the electronic fence algorithm program that is adaptive according to the actual situation of the construction site, determine different levels of areas and dangerous areas according to the actual situation of the construction site, analyze the degree of match between the authority required for the current area and the authority of the positioning object of the tag to be tested, and issue corresponding alarms based on the results. Relevant alarms include: (1) When it is confirmed that the positioning object's work authority level is lower than the authority of the area within the fence or the personnel are approaching the dangerous area, an alarm message prohibiting entry is output. (2) When it is confirmed that the positioning object's work authority meets the requirements of the authority of the area within the fence, an alarm message allowing passage is output. (3) When it is determined that the real-name information of the tag to be tested and the positioning object does not match the data in the background database, an alarm message of identity error is output. (4) When the UWB positioning node device LO fails to search for the relevant tag to be tested, an alarm message of not wearing the tag is output.

[0151] Furthermore, the original stay time information of the positioning object is counted, and the original stay time information includes the stay position of the positioning object and the stay time corresponding to the position.

[0152] Furthermore, the residence time of the positioned object in each area is counted, and the classified time of the positioned object is counted according to the personnel behavior analysis results and the type of area where the personnel stay. The classified time statistics of the positioned object include but are not limited to entertainment time, work time and life essential time.

[0153] Furthermore, the local server 100 may call a related algorithm program to perform the following operations:

[0154] Data visualization is performed based on the parsed data of the local server 100 and the relevant functional requirements of the construction site personnel positioning management system, and the visualization includes but is not limited to BIM data visualization, personnel trajectory visualization and personnel information visualization.

[0155] The local server optimizes the three-dimensional space coordinates of the tag to be tested by using the sight state recognition method and the target position estimation method under the particle filter framework. The specific method is as follows:

[0156] The local server 100 calls the relevant algorithm program and performs the following operations:

[0157] (1) Access the relevant registers and calculate the given introduced metric Mc;

[0158]

[0159] Among them, Mc is the introduced metric, which represents FP ampl With PK amp Ratio of FP ampl Indicates the maximum value of the first path amplitude at the feature point; PKamp is the peak value of the CIR report;

[0160] (2) Judge the value of Mc. When Mc ≥ 0.9, directly determine that the relevant measurement within the closed interval is in the LOS state, that is, the line-of-sight state;

[0161] (3) When Mc ≥ 0.9 does not hold, by accessing the relevant registers, calculate and obtain the introduced parameter IDiff, and judge the probability that the relevant measurement is in the NLOS state (non-line-of-sight state) according to the following formula:

[0162]

[0163] where prNLOS is the probability that the relevant measurement is in the NLOS state, that is, the non-line-of-sight state; IDiff is the introduced parameter, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0164] IDiff = |P fp - P pp |

[0165] where P fp represents the position of the first path in the accumulator; P pp represents the position of the peak path in the accumulator, and both can be directly obtained by accessing the corresponding registers;

[0166] When 3.3 < IDiff < 6, directly judge the line-of-sight state of the relevant measurement within the closed interval according to the following formula:

[0167]

[0168] (4) Construct a network through m anchor nodes with known coordinates, and respectively locate the tags to be measured in the LOS and NLOS states according to the following formula, and obtain the distance measurement between the target and each anchor node at time t:

[0169]

[0170] where e1 is zero-mean Gaussian random noise with variance σ 2 , and e2 is the NLOS ranging error, which is closely related to the environment, and n ≤ m; Calculate according to the following formula:

[0171]

[0172] where (X Aj , Y Aj ) represents the coordinates of the j-th anchor node; (X t , Y t ) are the coordinates of the tag to be measured at time t;

[0173] (5) Calculate The rectangular feasible region between the corresponding anchor nodes And the center point coordinates (X c , Y c );

[0174] (6) c , Y c ) as the center and with λ as the step size, grid

[0175] (7) Calculate the jth anchor node and The straight line where the grid center point is located and The number of all valid intersection points of the approximate model of all occluders in the image, that is, S;

[0176] (8) Calculate the reliability of the measurement provided by anchor node j, i.e., R Aj ;

[0177]

[0178] (9) Calculate the measurement obtained by the i-th particle of the tag to be tested for the j-th anchor node The likelihood estimate of

[0179] (10) In the particle filter framework, the position of the tag to be tested is estimated by the following formula:

[0180]

[0181] Among them, x t is the estimated value of the position of the tag to be tested at time t; is the state of the i-th particle of the tag to be tested at time t; for The corresponding weight.

[0182] The intelligent access control subsystem cooperates with the video surveillance subsystem to determine the work authority level and real-name information of the personnel who are about to enter the construction site; the positioning node group identifies the tag to be tested carried by the personnel, and the local server obtains and parses the background database information mapped by the tag to be tested; the camera of the video surveillance subsystem enters the video image information of the personnel, and the local server parses the video image data, matches the background database information according to the analysis result, and comprehensively compares it with the data after analysis by the positioning node group to determine the equipment matching status, work authority level and real-name information of the personnel, and stores the comparison results and video images as one of the evidences for future dispute resolution.

[0183] Preferably,

[0184] In the above specific method, the background database includes personnel real-name information, operation authority level, operation cumulative time, actual operation efficiency, and a mapping relationship between the tag to be tested and the real-name information in the background database.

[0185] The relevant algorithms and programs include but are not limited to: Beidou positioning, 5G positioning and UWB positioning intelligent conversion algorithms and programs; optimal positioning efficiency algorithms and programs; optimal signal transmission efficiency algorithms and programs; construction personnel behavior model algorithms and programs; electronic fence algorithms and programs.

[0186] The Beidou positioning, 5G positioning and UWB positioning intelligent conversion algorithm and program support the tag to be tested to automatically adjust the selected positioning technology according to the environmental complexity and signal strength of the location of the tag to be tested.

[0187] The optimal positioning efficiency algorithm and program support the system to analyze the minimum number of anchor nodes and the optimal positioning efficiency position within the electronic fence area.

[0188] The signal transmission efficiency optimization algorithm and program support the system to analyze the minimum number of base stations required and the optimal position of signal transmission efficiency in the current construction site model.

[0189] The construction worker behavior model algorithm and program include but are not limited to a construction worker operation model algorithm and program and a construction worker motion model algorithm and program.

[0190] The electronic fence algorithm and program support system divides different levels of areas and dangerous areas according to the actual situation of the construction site, determines the operating authority level of the tag to be tested passing through the electronic fence, and completes the verification of the operating authority of the tag to be tested and the regional level, determines whether the tag to be tested can enter the area within the electronic fence, and outputs corresponding alarm information in the area of ​​the construction site and the local server. The electronic fence algorithm and program can be adaptively matched according to the actual situation of the construction site and the status of nearby equipment to form an electronic fence.

[0191] The visualization includes but is not limited to BIM data visualization, personnel trajectory visualization and personnel information visualization. The personnel information includes but is not limited to basic personnel information, personnel employment information, personnel training status information, personnel construction site authority information, vital signs information and effective working time. The information does not involve personal privacy and is managed and displayed with the knowledge and consent of the person concerned.

[0192] The information of the tag to be tested includes but is not limited to the location information of the tag to be tested, the behavior information of the construction personnel, the vital signs information of the construction personnel and the ID of the tag to be tested. The location information includes the three-dimensional real-time precise location, real-time trajectory, historical trajectory and residence time, and the residence time includes the residence time in each area of ​​the electronic fence and the residence time in the original place in the trajectory.

[0193] Example 3

[0194] Reference Figure 3 , the construction personnel enter the work area stage construction site personnel positioning management system workflow:

[0195] 1. Construction workers enter the construction site from the living area;

[0196] 2. Call the Beidou positioning, 5G positioning and UWB positioning intelligent conversion algorithm program, intelligently select the currently used positioning technology according to the actual signal strength of the actual location of the tag to be tested, identify the tag to be tested, and determine the type of the tag to be tested;

[0197] 3. Receive the information of the tag to be tested reported by the base station, and the information of the tag to be tested includes but is not limited to the location information of the tag to be tested, the behavior information of the construction personnel, the vital signs information of the construction personnel and the ID of the tag to be tested. Further, parse the location information of the tag to be tested, and calculate the three-dimensional spatial coordinates corresponding to the information of the tag to be tested according to the parsing result. Confirm the location information of the tag to be tested according to the coordinates, and the location information includes: three-dimensional real-time precise location, real-time trajectory, historical trajectory and residence time, and the residence time includes the residence time of each area of ​​the electronic fence and the residence time in the original place in the trajectory. At the same time, parse the behavior information and vital signs information of the construction personnel of the tag to be tested, monitor the vital signs of the construction personnel throughout the entire operation cycle, prevent potential dangers, and immediately discover and rescue existing dangers, so as to ensure the personal safety of construction personnel working in the construction site;

[0198] 4. Construction workers pass through the smart access control, refer to Figure 5 ;

[0199] 5. Call the program in the intelligent access control system, identify the tag to be tested, parse the real-name information of the person mapped to the tag to be tested, and compare it with the real-name information of the person in the video image information, and issue relevant alarms based on the comparison results. Relevant alarms include: (1) When it is determined that the real-name information of the tag to be tested and the positioning object does not match the data in the background database, an alarm message of incorrect identity is output. (2) When it is determined that the real-name information of the tag to be tested and the positioning object matches the data in the background database, an alarm message of allowing passage is output. (3) When the UWB positioning node device LO fails to search for the relevant tag to be tested, an alarm message of not wearing the tag is output;

[0200] 6. Construction workers pass through the electronic fence boundary when entering the corresponding work area after passing through the smart access control;

[0201] 7. The personnel positioning management system of the construction site calls the electronic fence algorithm program that is adaptive according to the actual situation of the construction site, identifies the tag to be tested, parses the real-name information of the personnel mapped by the tag to be tested, determines different levels of areas and dangerous areas according to the actual situation of the construction site, parses the degree of match between the permissions required for the current area and the permissions of the positioning object of the tag to be tested, and issues corresponding alarms based on the results. Relevant alarms include: (1) When it is confirmed that the operating authority level of the positioning object is lower than the authority of the area within the fence or the personnel are approaching the dangerous area, an alarm message prohibiting entry is output. (2) When it is confirmed that the operating authority of the positioning object meets the authority requirements of the area within the fence, an alarm message allowing passage is output. (3) When it is determined that the real-name information of the tag to be tested and the positioning object does not match the data in the background database, an alarm message of identity error is output. (4) When the UWB positioning node device LO fails to search for the relevant tag to be tested, an alarm message that the tag is not worn is output;

[0202] 8. Construction workers enter the work area through the electronic fence boundary;

[0203] 9. The construction site personnel positioning management system determines the construction personnel behavior within the electronic fence of the construction site according to the construction personnel behavior model. The construction personnel behavior model includes the construction personnel operation model and the construction personnel movement model. Furthermore, the residence time of the positioning object in each area is counted, and the classification time of the positioning object is counted according to the personnel behavior analysis results and the type of area where the personnel stay. The classification time statistics of the positioning object include but are not limited to working time and idle time;

[0204] 10. Backstage managers can obtain information about all employees entering the construction site through the data visualization terminal, and can perform real-time scheduling and management based on statistical information.

[0205] Reference Figure 4 , positioning data visualization process:

[0206] 1. Obtain the actual construction site dimensions;

[0207] 2. Build a BIM model based on construction site data;

[0208] 3. Call the optimal positioning efficiency algorithm program and the optimal signal transmission efficiency algorithm program, and obtain the minimum number of UWB anchor nodes 700 in the electronic fence under the position of the UWB summary node 600 and the optimal position of positioning efficiency, as well as the minimum number of base stations required in the current construction site model and the optimal signal transmission efficiency according to the calculation results, and deploy the equipment according to the calculation results;

[0209] 4. Intelligently select positioning technology according to the type and signal strength of the location of the tag to be tested, identify the tag to be tested, and obtain the type of the tag to be tested;

[0210] 5. The local base station 200 receives the tag information to be tested. If 5G positioning technology is selected based on the signal strength, the 5G base station 400 sends the tag information to be tested to the local base station 200. If Beidou positioning technology is selected based on the signal strength, the Beidou terminal sends the tag information to be tested to the local base station 200 via Beidou satellite. If UWB positioning technology is selected based on the signal strength, the UWB aggregation node 600 sends the tag information to be tested to the local base station 200;

[0211] 6. The UWB aggregation node 600 receives the tag information to be tested transmitted by the UWB anchor node 700;

[0212] 7. The local base station receives the tag information to be tested sent by the UWB aggregation node 600, performs condition screening, and transmits the screened data to the local server;

[0213] 8. The local server calculates the location information of the tags to be tested based on the data and visualizes the data based on the BIM model.

[0214] Reference Figure 7 , BIM visualization page display:

[0215] 1. The homepage of the page is the BIM model of the construction site and structure;

[0216] 2. Click a certain position of the structure with the mouse, the position will be enlarged, the transparency of the corresponding part will be increased, and the internal three-dimensional structure of the position and the real-time distribution and trajectory of people in the three-dimensional space will be displayed;

[0217] 3. Click on a certain floor, and the rest of the floors will be completely transparent, the floor in question will be magnified, and the floor details will change with the degree of magnification;

[0218] 4. Click on a component of the structure to enlarge the component and display all the details of the component;

[0219] 5. Click on a person to display the person's information;

[0220] The floor details include but are not limited to the floor area division, overall structure, component classification and distribution, real-time location of personnel in three-dimensional space and personnel trajectory;

[0221] The construction personnel information includes but is not limited to basic personnel information, personnel employment information, personnel training status information, personnel construction site authority information, vital signs information and effective working time. The above information does not involve personal privacy and is managed and displayed with the knowledge and consent of the person concerned.

[0222] The component details include component structure composition, material, size data, current stress condition and deformation condition.

[0223] Example 4

[0224] A project-level multi-dimensional modular full-life cycle management method for people, machines, materials and structures that integrates multiple wireless technologies, including the following:

[0225] Construction phase:

[0226] (1) Deploy semi-permanent UWB aggregation nodes and UWB anchor nodes in relevant areas of the construction site to achieve real-time accurate positioning and data transmission of personnel throughout the life cycle of the structure;

[0227] (2) Through the UWB aggregation node and the UWB anchor node, the construction personnel carrying the tags to be tested in the construction site are accurately positioned in three dimensions in real time, and their behavior and vital signs are monitored;

[0228] (3) Collect statistics and analyze the working habits of the construction personnel and improve the management methods of construction personnel in the construction site;

[0229] (4) judging the current status of the construction personnel according to the personnel management judgment logic;

[0230] (5) Combine the location information and personnel information in the tag information to be tested displayed on the BIM visualization page to determine the current allocation of construction personnel in each area;

[0231] (6) The backstage management personnel communicate with the construction personnel in real time according to the current status of the construction personnel and the allocation of the construction personnel in each area through the present invention, and perform real-time personnel scheduling to achieve the functional requirements of people-oriented, management scheduling and safety monitoring.

[0232] (7) Large-scale construction machinery and building materials are equipped with dedicated test tags;

[0233] (8) Combined with the positioning information displayed on the BIM visualization page, real-time monitoring and scheduling of material stacking are carried out according to the actual situation on the construction site, and the movement routes, work areas and sequences of large equipment are coordinated;

[0234] (9) Before construction begins, simulate the construction plan on the BIM visualization page and adjust the construction plan based on the simulation results and project requirements;

[0235] (10) When the construction of the structure begins, semi-permanent sensors are deployed at key locations of the structure under construction to achieve structural health monitoring throughout the life cycle of the structure;

[0236] (11) Transmitting monitoring data through the UWB anchor node and the UWB aggregation node to monitor the engineering data of structures under construction and completed in real time;

[0237] (12) Analyze the data and analyze the impact of actual construction conditions on the current construction plan and theoretical engineering data;

[0238] (13) Adjust or re-formulate the next phase of construction plan based on the analysis results;

[0239] (14) Simulate the next stage of construction plan on the BIM visualization page and estimate the construction cost and construction period of the construction plan;

[0240] (15) Further adjust the construction plan according to the simulation results and project requirements;

[0241] (16) While the construction process is progressing, sensors are deployed at key locations of the structure to monitor real-time engineering data of the structure at each stage. The data is parsed, the current construction plan is analyzed, and the next stage construction plan is adjusted or re-formulated based on the parsing results. The above steps are repeated until the construction is completed, achieving real-time structural health monitoring throughout the entire construction process from project start to project delivery;

[0242] Operational stage:

[0243] (1) Check the semi-permanent UWB aggregation node and UWB anchor node at a certain period, and replace or repair the faulty equipment in time;

[0244] (2) Check the working condition of semi-permanent sensors at regular intervals and replace or repair faulty sensors in a timely manner;

[0245] (3) Conduct three-dimensional real-time accurate positioning and personnel behavior monitoring of personnel in the work area;

[0246] (4) determining the current status of the personnel according to the personnel management judgment logic;

[0247] (5) Combine the location information and personnel information displayed on the BIM visualization page, count the staff's stay time and working time in each area, and calculate the staff's estimated work progress and total work efficiency;

[0248] (6) The backstage management personnel communicate with the personnel in real time through the present invention according to the current status and current working conditions of the personnel;

[0249] (7) Semi-permanent sensors deployed in the structure during the construction phase monitor the overall engineering data of the structure in real time and transmit data through nearby UWB anchor nodes and UWB aggregation nodes;

[0250] (8) analyzing the engineering data, evaluating the current health status of the structure based on the monitoring data, and displaying the health monitoring of the structure in the BIM visualization page;

[0251] (9) Formulate a routine inspection and maintenance plan for the structure based on the analysis results, and predict the future service life of the structure;

[0252] In the above method, the joint management of people, machines, materials and structures includes: real-time accurate positioning management of personnel, large machinery and materials through positioning technology; monitoring and management of personnel behavior and vital signs through the UWB module group; structural health monitoring of structures throughout their life cycle through sensors; building a local area network through UWB technology to realize the positioning function while transmitting the above management data to link the management of people, machines, materials and structures;

[0253] The positioning technologies include UWB positioning technology, 5G positioning technology and Beidou positioning technology. When the site is wide and unobstructed, large equipment is positioned through the Beidou positioning system; for personnel, personnel are positioned through 5G equipment. When the environment is complex and there are many obstructions, positioning is achieved through the UWB local area network, and then data is sent to the local server via 5G or pipelines;

[0254] The 5G positioning technology is to realize the positioning of objects through 5G devices. Furthermore, 5G technology is also a means of data link transmission in each local area network, which is transmitted back to the local server and uploaded to the Internet through the operator's 5G network;

[0255] In the above method, the whole life cycle includes the building life cycle, including the structure construction stage and the structure operation stage. During the structure construction stage, due to the complex and changeable construction environment and many safety hazards, the present invention focuses on the life safety management of construction personnel and the progress of the project; during the structure operation stage, the environment is stable and the work intensity is low, and the present invention focuses on the work efficiency management of the staff.

[0256] In the above method, the personnel management judgment logic includes but is not limited to: life and health data judgment, personnel danger status judgment, positioning information judgment, work efficiency judgment, violation event judgment and manpower judgment.

[0257] When the life and health data is abnormal, it is judged as a high-risk operation. The back-end management personnel communicate with the personnel through communication equipment to confirm whether the personnel are wearing the monitoring equipment correctly and their current physical condition. If the equipment is worn correctly or the person is feeling unwell, the personnel will be stopped from working in time and forced to rest or seek medical treatment. The life and health data abnormalities include but are not limited to abnormal heart rate and abnormal temperature;

[0258] The personnel danger judgment is that when a person stays in place for too long and does not take any action, he / she is judged to be in a dangerous state. The back-end management personnel will confirm with the person through the communication equipment. If no one responds or confirms that there is a danger, the nearby personnel will be dispatched immediately for rescue. The default stay time is 10 minutes, which can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0259] If the positioning information determines that a person is in a dangerous area, or if the height information changes suddenly, it is determined that an accident may occur. The back-end management personnel confirms with the person through the communication equipment. If no one responds or confirms that an accident has occurred, the nearby personnel will be dispatched immediately for rescue. The dangerous area is determined in advance based on the actual situation of the project. The height information change threshold defaults to 3m and above, which can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0260] When the work efficiency is judged as a person not being in the specified work area or the work efficiency is low, it is determined to be passive work, and the backstage management personnel will communicate with the person in time to guide him to return to his job to work normally or remind him to work actively. When the situation is serious, the on-site management personnel will be notified for coordination. Not being in the work area specifically includes: the person is in the living or entertainment area; the person did not enter the work area on the day; the person left the work area ahead of time. The low work efficiency includes but is not limited to: the person has no action for a long time, the person has too many ineffective actions, and the person moves slowly;

[0261] When the violation is judged as a gathering of people or work stoppage in a certain area, it is judged as a dangerous emergency. The back-end management personnel will communicate with the personnel in a timely manner to understand the current situation of the area, warn the relevant personnel, and notify the on-site management personnel for coordination when necessary. When the manpower is judged as too few people in a certain area, it is judged as insufficient manpower. The back-end management personnel will judge the personnel allocation in each area through the information displayed on the BIM visualization display page, and conduct real-time personnel scheduling. The work area specified by the dispatched personnel is automatically updated.

[0262] In the above method, the actual situation in the construction site includes but is not limited to the scope of the construction site, the distribution of the working area, the distribution of the dangerous area, and the travel route of large equipment.

[0263] In the above method, the engineering data includes but is not limited to strain, stress, bending moment, vibration mode, vibration frequency, and damping ratio.

[0264] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a BIM-based character combined with three-dimensional intelligent personnel positioning visualization method, comprising the following contents:

[0265] (1) Different colors are used to represent different areas in the BIM model;

[0266] (2) As the construction process progresses, the BIM model changes color according to the actual construction progress to display the current actual construction status;

[0267] (3) Simultaneous display of personnel positioning and structural deformation;

[0268] (4) The switching of display contents such as the overall display of the structure, the display of local details, and the display of personnel trajectories is completed on the same interface, and the query information is displayed on the right side of the interface, which is intuitive and easy to access without the need to select or switch interfaces;

[0269] In the above method, different colors are used to distinguish different areas in the constructed part of the BIM model. When the mouse clicks on an area, the overall color of the area remains unchanged, and the interior is colored to distinguish details; the unfinished part is represented by gray.

[0270] Example 5

[0271] Based on the method of Example 4,

[0272] Reference Figure 8 , full life cycle management of structures:

[0273] 1. At the beginning of the project, simulate the construction plan on the BIM visualization page and adjust the construction plan according to the simulation results and project requirements;

[0274] 2. Deploy semi-permanent UWB aggregation nodes and UWB anchor nodes near structures;

[0275] 3. During the first phase of the construction period, the structure is constructed and semi-permanent sensors are deployed at key locations;

[0276] 4. Transmit monitoring data through the UWB anchor node and the UWB aggregation node to monitor the engineering data of structures under construction and completed in real time;

[0277] 5. Analyze the data, analyze the impact of actual construction conditions on the current construction plan and theoretical engineering data, and adjust or re-formulate the next stage of construction plan based on the analysis results;

[0278] 6. Simulate the next stage of construction plan on the BIM visualization page and estimate the construction cost and construction period of the construction plan;

[0279] 7. Further adjust the construction plan according to the simulation results and project requirements;

[0280] 8. During the second stage of construction, repeat steps 3 to 7;

[0281] 9. At the end of the construction period, analyze the structural health monitoring data, analyze the differences with the original plan, and estimate the cost error, structural strength and service life.

[0282] Reference Fig. 9 , Full-cycle management of personnel:

[0283] 1. Deploy semi-permanent UWB aggregation nodes and UWB anchor nodes in the relevant areas of the construction site;

[0284] 2. Check the semi-permanent UWB aggregation node and UWB anchor node at a certain period, and replace or repair the faulty equipment in time;

[0285] 3. Through the UWB aggregation node and UWB anchor node, the construction personnel carrying the tags to be tested in the construction site are accurately positioned in three dimensions in real time, and their behavior and vital signs are monitored;

[0286] 4. Collect statistics and analyze the working habits of the construction workers to improve the management of construction workers in the construction site;

[0287] 5. Determine the current status of the construction personnel according to the personnel management judgment logic;

[0288] 6. During the construction period, the location information and personnel information in the tag information to be tested displayed on the BIM visualization page are combined to determine the current allocation of construction personnel in each area; during the operation period, the location information and personnel information displayed on the BIM visualization page are combined to count the staff's stay time and working time in each area, and calculate the staff's expected work progress and total work efficiency;

[0289] 7. The backstage management personnel communicate with the construction personnel in real time and perform real-time personnel scheduling through the present invention according to the current status of the construction personnel, the allocation of construction personnel in each area and the current working status of the personnel.

[0290] Reference Fig.10 , people, machines, materials and structures are managed together:

[0291] 1. Real-time three-dimensional accurate positioning of personnel, personnel behavior monitoring and vital signs monitoring;

[0292] 2. The backstage management personnel communicate with the construction personnel in real time and conduct real-time personnel dispatch according to the current status of the construction personnel and the allocation of construction personnel in each area;

[0293] 3. Count the staff’s stay time and working time in each area, and calculate the staff’s estimated work progress and total work efficiency;

[0294] 4. Real-time monitoring and scheduling of material stacking, and overall arrangement of the movement routes, working areas and working sequences of large equipment;

[0295] 5. Real-time structural health monitoring of the entire life cycle of the structure;

[0296] 6. Based on the analysis results, formulate a routine inspection and maintenance plan for the structure and predict the future service life of the structure.

[0297] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A construction site personnel positioning management system based on ultra-wideband technology, characterized in that: It includes a base station server mechanism, a positioning device group, and an application subsystem. The base station server mechanism transmits data with the positioning device group and the application subsystem respectively; the application subsystem includes a visualization subsystem, an intelligent access control subsystem, a personnel positioning subsystem, an electronic fence subsystem, a video monitoring subsystem, and a background database; the intelligent access control subsystem controls the personnel entering and exiting the construction site according to the real-name information in the background database, and the electronic fence subsystem controls the personnel entering and exiting each area in the construction site according to the real-name information in the background database. The video monitoring subsystem assists the intelligent access control subsystem and the electronic fence subsystem in comprehensive control of the entry and exit of personnel. The personnel positioning subsystem obtains the location, behavior, and vital signs information of the personnel in the construction site, and sends the information to the base station server mechanism for processing. The processed data is stored in the background database and displayed in the visualization subsystem according to the user operation mode; The construction site personnel positioning management system based on ultra-wideband technology performs the following steps: (1) Deployment locations of local base stations, UWB aggregation nodes, and UWB anchor nodes; (2) Establish a backend database based on the requirements of the construction project and the real-name information of the construction unit employees; (3) Establish a three-dimensional BIM model based on the data of the target structure in the construction project, as well as the actual construction site size and area distribution; (4) Establish a visualization subsystem and interface to centrally manage and visualize monitoring data within the construction site; (5) Select a location as the access control for the construction site and establish an intelligent access control subsystem and video surveillance subsystem for the construction site; When positioning personnel, the construction personnel are about to enter a certain area of ​​the construction site. When the UWB aggregation node detects that the construction personnel are carrying the tag information to be tested, it wakes up all its own modules and sends the connection test data to the monitoring module group b through the serial port. The monitoring module group b sends the connection test data to the local server through the local base station; after the local server receives the connection test data, it sends a command frame to the UWB aggregation node through the local base station, requiring the UWB aggregation node to send a control signal to all UWB anchor nodes in the area to wake up the UWB anchor nodes and return connection confirmation information; when the UWB aggregation node receives all the connection confirmation information in the area, it feeds back the number of normal working devices and the coordinates of failed devices in the local server through the local base station, and the personnel positioning work in the area starts at the same time; After the personnel positioning work in a certain area of the construction site starts, all UWB anchor nodes in this area identify the tags to be measured and receive the information of the tags to be measured; the UWB aggregation node receives and aggregates the information of the tags to be measured monitored by all UWB anchor nodes included in this area, and sends the aggregated information to the local base station; the local server receives and analyzes the information of the tags to be measured processed by the local base station, calculates the three-dimensional space coordinates corresponding to the information of the tags to be measured according to the analysis result, and optimizes the three-dimensional space coordinates of the tags to be measured, confirms the position information of the tags to be measured according to the coordinates, analyzes the behavior information of the construction personnel and the vital sign information of the construction personnel of the tags to be measured, determines the personnel safety level according to the analysis result, and determines whether the construction personnel can continue to work according to the current construction personnel safety level; after the data analysis of the local server is completed, it is visually displayed according to the system user settings; After the local server calculates that there is no information of the tags to be measured in a certain area of the construction site by analyzing the information of the tags to be measured, it sends area standby control information to all UWB aggregation nodes in this area through the local server. After receiving the area standby control information, the UWB aggregation node sends a control signal to all UWB anchor nodes in this area through the monitoring module group b, requiring all UWB anchor nodes to return standby confirmation information and turn on the standby state; after the UWB aggregation node receives all the standby confirmation information in the area it belongs to, it feeds back the number of standby devices and the coordinates of the failed devices to the local server through the local base station. After the information is sent, all UWB aggregation nodes only maintain the passive positioning state; The local server optimizes the three-dimensional space coordinates of the tags to be measured through the line-of-sight state recognition method and the target position estimation method under the particle filter framework; The line-of-sight state recognition method is as follows: Among them, Mc is the introduced metric, which represents FP ampl With PK amp Ratio of FP ampl Indicates the maximum value of the first path amplitude at the feature point; PK amp is the peak value reported by CIR; When Mc≥0.9, it is directly determined that the relevant measurement within the closed interval is in the LOS state, that is, the line-of-sight state; otherwise, calculate according to the following formula: where prNLOS is the probability that the relevant measurement is in the NLOS state, that is, the non-line-of-sight state; IDiff is the introduced parameter, and the specific formula is as follows: IDiff=|P fp -P pp | Among them, P fp Indicates the position of the first path in the accumulator; P pp Indicates the position of the peak path in the accumulator, both of which are directly obtained by accessing the corresponding register; When 3.3 < IDiff < 6, directly determine the line-of-sight state of the relevant measurement within the closed interval through the following formula: A network is formed by m anchor nodes with known coordinates, and the tags to be measured in the LOS and NLOS states are respectively located through the following formula. At time t, the distance measurements between the target and each anchor node are obtained: Among them, e1 is the variance of σ 2 zero-mean Gaussian random noise, e2 is the NLOS ranging error, which is closely related to the environment, and n≤m; Calculate as follows: Among them, (X Aj , Y Aj ) represents the coordinates of the jth anchor node; (X t , Y t ) is the coordinate of the tag to be tested at time t; calculate The rectangular feasible region between the corresponding anchor nodes And the center point coordinates (X c , Y c ); (X c , Y c ) as the center and with λ as the step size, grid Calculate the j-th anchor node and The straight line where the grid center point is located and The number of all valid intersection points of the approximate model of all occluders in the image, that is, S; The target position estimation method under the particle filter framework is as follows: Among them, x t is the estimated position of the tag to be tested at time t; is the state of the i-th particle of the tag to be tested at time t; for The corresponding weights; is the measurement obtained by the i-th particle of the tag to be tested for the j-th UWB anchor node Likelihood estimate of Aj is the reliability of the measurement provided by anchor node j, and the specific formula is as follows: Among them, S is the jth anchor node and The straight line where the grid center point is located and The number of all valid intersection points of all occluders in the approximate model; is the rectangular feasible region of the UWB anchor node.

2. The personnel positioning management system for construction sites based on ultra-wideband technology according to claim 1, characterized in that The base station server mechanism includes at least one local server and a local base station; the positioning device group includes a group of tags to be measured and an external device group, The group of tags to be measured includes a tag body to be measured, a monitoring module group a and a processor module a. The monitoring module group a and the processor module a are placed in the tag body to be measured and are electrically connected to the tag body to be measured; the monitoring module group a includes a UWB module group, a Beidou module group, a 5G module group and an additional module group; The external device group includes a positioning node group, a 5G base station and a Beidou terminal; the positioning node group and the base station server mechanism perform wireless data transmission through UWB technology, and set up a wired backup transmission channel; the positioning node group includes a plurality of UWB positioning node devices, the 5G module group sends a signal to the 5G base station to realize 5G positioning and communication, and the Beidou terminal realizes Beidou positioning and communication with the local base station through Beidou satellites; The personnel positioning subsystem includes the positioning device group and a software platform, and the software platform acquires and analyzes all position information and transmits the information to the user; The visualization subsystem includes a construction site BIM model and a digital twin platform. The BIM model is displayed in the digital twin platform. The digital twin platform accesses the base station server mechanism, personnel positioning subsystem, visualization subsystem, intelligent access control subsystem, and electronic fence subsystem data to realize data visualization; The intelligent access control subsystem includes the positioning node group and access control equipment; The electronic fence subsystem includes a plurality of UWB aggregation nodes; The video surveillance subsystem includes cameras, broadcasting equipment and high-definition display screens, which are installed at the access control and the edge of the electronic fence.

3. The construction site personnel positioning management system based on ultra-wideband technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The positioning nodes of the UWB positioning node device are divided into UWB aggregation nodes and UWB anchor nodes. The UWB positioning node device comprises a processor module b, a monitoring module group b and a UWB positioning node device body. The processor module b and the monitoring module group b are placed in the UWB positioning node device body and are electrically connected to the UWB positioning node device body. The UWB positioning node device is connected to an external power supply.

4. The construction site personnel positioning management system based on ultra-wideband technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locations of the deployment of the local base station, UWB aggregation node, and UWB anchor node are specifically: Deploy at least one local base station outside each area of ​​the construction site based on the actual construction site size and area divisions and at locations where effective wireless communication with electronic equipment within each area can be carried out; Several UWB aggregation nodes are deployed in locations where effective wireless communication can be carried out in each area according to the actual construction site size and regional distribution; Deploy several UWB anchor nodes at locations in each area where the UWB anchor nodes and the UWB aggregation nodes can conduct effective wireless communication, and the locations are also locations where the information of the tags to be tested can be effectively obtained; the UWB aggregation nodes and the UWB anchor nodes in each area are self-organized into a network topology structure according to the routing protocol; After the location of the UWB aggregation node is determined, the UWB anchor node is deployed, the host computer is turned on and connected to the network.

5. The construction site personnel positioning management system based on ultra-wideband technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent access control subsystem cooperates with the video surveillance subsystem to determine the work authority level and real-name information of the personnel who are about to enter the construction site; the positioning node group identifies the tag to be tested carried by the personnel, and the local server obtains and parses the background database information mapped by the tag to be tested; the camera of the video surveillance subsystem enters the video image information of the personnel, and the local server parses the video image data, matches the background database information according to the analysis result, and comprehensively compares it with the data after analysis by the positioning node group to determine the equipment matching status, work authority level and real-name information of the personnel, and stores the comparison result and the video image.

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