A tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charge cartridge cover and interval charging device of energy gathering structure

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charging cartridge cover, which comprises a cartridge cover body, the cartridge cover body comprises a cylinder and an energy-gathering structure, wherein the cylinder is open at both ends and is used for coaxially arranging an explosive cartridge; the energy-gathering structure is a shell structure with a cavity, the axial length of the energy-gathering structure is smaller than the length of the cylinder, the energy-gathering structure is coaxially sleeved in the cylinder and is located at the front end of the cylinder, the end of the energy-gathering structure is integrally connected with the end of the front end of the cylinder, and a variable-diameter annular space is formed in the cylinder along the axial direction; the energy-gathering structure is used for gathering the energy generated by the explosion of the explosive cartridge along the axial direction of the cavity of the conical body to form an axial and forward jet. The device can make the peripheral blast hole transmit the explosion between the air interval explosive cartridges through the energy-gathering jet without using a detonating cord, so that the tunnel can be smoothly blasted without using the detonating cord.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically relating to a shaped charge hood and a spaced charge device for peripheral holes in tunnel smooth blasting. Background Technology

[0002] Smooth blasting technology is commonly used in tunnel blasting to ensure blasting quality and effectiveness. Traditional smooth blasting perimeter hole charging structures involve spaced explosive coils that are detonated via detonating cords to achieve a smooth blasting effect. However, in actual construction applications, this charging structure and blasting method require a large number of detonating cords, resulting in high blasting costs. Furthermore, without detonating cords, smooth blasting cannot be achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a shaped charge hood and a spaced charge device for the peripheral holes of a tunnel with a shaped charge structure for smooth blasting. Using this device, the air-spaced explosive cartridges can be detonated through shaped charge jets in the peripheral holes without detonating cord, thus enabling smooth blasting of the tunnel without the need for detonating cord.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A shroud for explosive cartridges in the peripheral holes of a tunnel smooth blasting site, comprising a cylinder with open ends at both the front and rear, which is used to coaxially load explosive cartridges.

[0005] The energy-concentrating structure is a shell structure with a concave cavity. Its axial length is less than the length of the cylinder. It is coaxially sleeved inside the cylinder and located at the front end of the cylinder. Its end is integrally connected to the end of the front end of the cylinder, and the opening of the concave cavity faces the front end, forming a variable diameter annular space along the axial direction inside the cylinder.

[0006] The shaped charge structure is used to concentrate the energy generated by the explosion of the explosive cartridge along the side wall of the shell into the cavity in an axial direction, forming an axial and forward-facing jet.

[0007] Furthermore, the shell structure with a concave cavity has the following shape: a conical shell or a hemispherical shell.

[0008] Furthermore, in the section of the cylinder where the energy-concentrating structure is located, multiple air exhaust holes are provided on its side wall, and these multiple air exhaust holes are arranged at intervals around the cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the rear end shell of the cylinder is provided with multiple V-shaped grooves with open ends facing the rear end. The front end of each V-shaped groove is flat-bottomed, and the rear end penetrates the shell. The V-shaped grooves are used to expose the side wall of the explosive roll.

[0010] The present invention also discloses an interval charging device, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charging cartridge covers, and further comprises a PVC pipe, wherein:

[0011] Multiple tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charging cartridge covers are coaxially sleeved on PVC pipes and arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the PVC pipes. There is an air-filled cavity between two adjacent tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charging cartridge covers. The energy-conforming structure of the tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charging cartridge covers has the same orientation and is directed towards the front end of the blast hole.

[0012] The energy-concentrating structure at the rear end is used to concentrate the energy generated by the explosion of the explosive cartridge along the side wall of the shell into the conical cavity in an axial direction, forming an axial jet that faces forward and ignites the explosive cartridge in the front cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, annular protrusions are provided on the inner wall of the PVC pipe in a circumferential manner. There are multiple annular protrusions, which are spaced apart along the length of the PVC pipe.

[0014] Among them: multiple annular protrusions are divided into multiple groups, with at least four in each group. Two of them are set at the front and back, located on the part of the explosive roll that is not filled into the cylinder, and serve as movable support points to hold and fix the explosive roll. The other two are set at the front and back, and serve as movable buckles, one located at the front end of the cylinder and the other at the rear end of the cylinder, to fix the cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, the length of the cylinder is 1 / 10 to 1 / 4 of the length of the explosive roll.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes multiple explosive rolls, and the number of explosive rolls is one more than the number of explosive roll covers. One explosive roll is installed in one explosive roll cover, and the extra explosive roll is set in the front end of the PVC pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, the PVC pipe is formed by two semi-cylindrical shells on the left and right sides.

[0018] The present invention also discloses a method for loading the above-mentioned spaced-charge device, the method being as follows:

[0019] Multiple explosive rolls are loaded into the cylinder one by one; a fixing strap is wrapped around the front of the cylinder and around the cylinder to fix the explosive rolls and the cylinder as one unit.

[0020] Multiple explosive cartridge bodies are coaxially placed inside a semi-cylindrical shell. The multiple explosive cartridge bodies are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the semi-cylindrical shell, and the end of their shaped charge structure faces the same direction, all facing the front end. Each cylinder is located between two movable buckles and is in contact with the adjacent surface of the movable buckles. The end face of the movable support point is in contact with and held against the side wall of the explosive cartridge.

[0021] An explosive cartridge is coaxially arranged at the front end inside the semi-cylindrical shell; a detonator is installed at the rear end inside the explosive cartridge at the rear end.

[0022] Another semi-cylindrical shell is fastened to the semi-cylindrical shell containing the medicine roll cover body to form a PVC tube, and then wrapped and fixed.

[0023] The PVC pipe is coaxially inserted into the borehole, with one end of the energy-concentrating structure facing the front borehole opening.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The shaped charge structure concentrates the energy generated by the explosion of the explosive cartridge towards the center of the conical shell, forming a jet that ignites the explosive cartridge in the adjacent cylinder in front, eliminating the need for a detonating detonator and thus saving costs. 2. The cartridge cover body, containing the explosive cartridge, is fitted inside a PVC pipe, preventing the explosive cartridge from contacting the borehole wall and achieving a decoupled charging effect. This effectively reduces the escape velocity of the explosive gas and significantly reduces the initial and maximum pressures on the borehole wall, slowing down the pressure decay rate and improving the blasting quality. 3. The use of PVC pipes facilitates on-site control of the charging interval and fixation of the explosive cartridge. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a medicine roll cover body;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the drug roll cover body;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a spaced-out charging device;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a PVC pipe.

[0029] The components include: 1. cylinder, 2. shaped charge structure, 3. air vent, 4. V-groove, 5. PVC pipe, 6. movable support point, 7. movable buckle, 8. fixing strap, 9. air, 10. detonator, 11. detonator lead wire, 12. gun clay, and 13. explosive roll. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] The present invention provides a tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charging shroud, such as... Figure 1 and 2 As shown, it includes a propellant cartridge cover body, which comprises a cylinder 1 and a shaped charge structure 2, wherein:

[0032] The cylinder 1 has open ends and is used to coaxially mount explosive rolls 13 inside; the cylinder 1 is made of rigid plastic.

[0033] The energy-concentrating structure 2 is a shell structure with a concave cavity. Its axial length is less than the length of the cylinder 1. It is coaxially sleeved inside the cylinder 1 and located at the front end of the cylinder 1. Its end is integrally connected to the end of the front end of the cylinder 1, and the opening of the concave cavity faces the front end. A variable diameter annular space is formed in the cylinder 1 along the axial direction. The energy-concentrating structure 2 is made of 3mm thick hard plastic.

[0034] The shell structure with a cavity has the following shape: a conical shell or a hemispherical shell.

[0035] The energy-concentrating structure 2 is used to concentrate the energy generated by the explosion of the explosive roll 13 along the side wall of the shell into the conical cavity in the axial direction, forming a jet that is axial and forward-facing.

[0036] The energy-concentrating structure 2 is made of aluminum sheet with a thickness of 1.5mm. Its connection with the cylinder 1 is as follows: a ring is coaxially sleeved at the rear end inside the cylinder 1. The ring is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and forms a stepped shape inside the cylinder 1. If the thickness of the ring can be set to 1.5mm, the circumferential edge of the energy-concentrating structure 2 is tightly connected with the front wall of the ring.

[0037] In the section of the cylinder 1 where the energy-concentrating structure 2 is located, multiple air exhaust holes 3 are provided on its side wall, and the multiple air exhaust holes 3 are arranged at intervals around the cylinder 1. For example, four holes with a radius of 1.5 mm can be provided to serve as channels for air exhaust when the explosive roll 13 is loaded into the cylinder 1 and squeezed forcefully.

[0038] Multiple V-shaped grooves 4 with open ends facing the rear end are provided on the rear end shell of the cylinder 1. The front bottom of each V-shaped groove 4 is flat, and the rear end penetrates through the shell. The V-shaped grooves 4 are used to expose part of the side wall of the explosive roll 13. When the fixing strap 8 is wrapped around the cylinder 1, a section of the fixing strap 8 is made to fit against the side wall of the explosive roll 13, so as to better fix the explosive roll 13. Three V-shaped grooves 4 can be provided, with a front opening of 33mm, a bottom opening of 6mm, and a height of 15mm. The fixing strap 8 is made of adhesive tape and is wrapped around the cylinder 1 in a circumferential manner to wrap the explosive roll 13 and the cylinder 1 into a whole, ensuring the accuracy of the explosive loading position.

[0039] The present invention also discloses an intermittent charging device, comprising the aforementioned tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charging cartridge cover, and further comprising a PVC pipe 5, such as... Figure 3 and 4 As shown, where:

[0040] Multiple tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charging cartridge covers are coaxially sleeved on PVC pipe 5 and arranged at intervals along the axial direction of PVC pipe 5. The space between two adjacent tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charging cartridge covers is a cavity filled with air 9. The energy-conforming structure 2 of the tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charging cartridge covers has the same orientation and is directed towards the front end of the blast hole.

[0041] The energy-concentrating structure 2 at the rear end is used to concentrate the energy generated by the explosion of the explosive roll 13 along the side wall of the shell into the conical cavity in the axial direction, forming an axial jet that is directed forward, igniting the explosive roll 13 in the front cylinder 1.

[0042] On the inner wall of PVC pipe 5, there are multiple annular protrusions arranged around the circumference, and they are spaced apart along the length of PVC pipe 5.

[0043] The device comprises multiple annular protrusions divided into several groups, each group containing at least four protrusions. Two of these protrusions are positioned front to back, located on the portion of the explosive roll 13 not yet filled into the cylinder 1, serving as movable support points 6 to hold and secure the explosive roll 13. The other two protrusions are positioned front to back, serving as movable latches 7, one at the front end of the cylinder 1 and the other at the rear end, to secure the cylinder 1. The length of the cylinder 1 is 1 / 10 to 1 / 4 of the length of the explosive roll 13.

[0044] It also includes multiple explosive rolls 13, and the number of explosive rolls 13 is one more than the number of explosive roll cover bodies. One explosive roll 13 is installed in one explosive roll cover body, and the extra explosive roll 13 is set in the front end of the PVC pipe 5.

[0045] The PVC pipe 5 is formed by two semi-cylindrical shells on the left and right sides, which are then wrapped tightly with tape. The PVC pipe 5 separates the explosive roll 13 from the borehole wall, preventing the explosive roll 13 from contacting the borehole wall and achieving a decoupled charging effect. This effectively reduces the escape velocity of the explosive gas, significantly reduces the initial and maximum pressures on the borehole wall, slows down the pressure decay rate, and flattens the pressure curve. This improves blasting quality, reduces rock block diameter, and facilitates loading and unloading.

[0046] The present invention also discloses a method for loading the above-mentioned spaced-charge device, the method being as follows:

[0047] Multiple explosive rolls 13 are inserted into the cylinder 1 one by one. A fixing strap 8 is wrapped around the front of the cylinder 1 and around the cylinder 1 to fix the explosive rolls 13 and the cylinder 1 into one piece.

[0048] Multiple explosive cartridge bodies filled with explosive cartridges 13 are coaxially placed inside a semi-cylindrical shell. The multiple explosive cartridge bodies are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the semi-cylindrical shell, and one end of their shaped charge structure 2 faces the same direction, all facing the front end. Each cylinder 1 is located between two movable buckles 7 and is in contact with the adjacent surface of the movable buckles 7. The end face of the movable support point 6 is in contact with and held against the side wall of the explosive cartridge 13.

[0049] An explosive roll 13 is coaxially arranged at the front end inside the semi-cylindrical shell; a detonator 10 is installed at the rear end inside the explosive roll 13 at the rear end; the detonator 10 is detonated through the detonator lead wire 11.

[0050] Another semi-cylindrical shell is fastened to the semi-cylindrical shell containing the propellant cartridge body to form a PVC tube 5, which is then wrapped and fixed. The PVC tube 5 is coaxially inserted into the borehole, with one end of the shaped charge structure 2 facing the front borehole opening.

Claims

1. A spaced charge device comprising a plurality of tunnel smooth blasting perimeter hole charge cartridge covers, characterized in that, The cartridge cover comprises a cartridge cover body, the cartridge cover body comprises a cylinder (1) and an energy-gathering structure (2), wherein: The cylinder (1) is open at both ends, and the inside of the cylinder is used to coaxially install an explosive cartridge (13); The energy-gathering structure (2) is a shell structure with a cavity, the axial length of the energy-gathering structure is less than the length of the cylinder (1), the energy-gathering structure is coaxially sleeved in the cylinder (1) and located at the front end of the cylinder (1), the end of the energy-gathering structure is integrally connected with the end of the front end of the cylinder (1), and the cavity opening faces the front end, and the inside of the cylinder (1) forms a variable-diameter annular space in the axial direction; The energy-gathering structure (2) is used to gather the energy generated by the explosion of the explosive cartridge (13) along the side wall of the shell to the axial direction of the cavity, forming a jet along the axial direction and towards the front; The shell structure with a cavity is in the shape of a conical shell or a hemispherical shell; A plurality of air exhaust holes (3) are arranged on the side wall of the cylinder (1) at the section where the energy-gathering structure (2) is located, and the plurality of air exhaust holes (3) are arranged at intervals around the cylinder (1); A plurality of V-shaped grooves (4) with open ends facing the rear end are arranged on the rear end shell of the cylinder (1), the front end of each V-shaped groove (4) is flat, and the rear end penetrates the shell; the V-shaped groove (4) is used to expose the side wall of the explosive cartridge (13) partially; Further comprising a PVC pipe (5), wherein: A plurality of tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charging cartridge covers are coaxially sleeved in the PVC pipe (5) and arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the PVC pipe (5), and the space between any two adjacent tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charging cartridge covers is an air-filled cavity; and one end of the energy-gathering structure (2) of the tunnel smooth blasting peripheral hole charging cartridge cover faces the same direction and is directed towards the front end of the blast hole; The rear end of the energy-gathering structure (2) is used to gather the energy generated by the explosion of the explosive cartridge (13) along the side wall of the shell to the axial direction of the conical cavity, forming a jet along the axial direction and towards the front, igniting the explosive cartridge (13) in the front cylinder (1); A plurality of annular protrusions are arranged on the inner wall of the PVC pipe (5) and around the circumference, the annular protrusions are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the PVC pipe (5); Wherein: a plurality of annular protrusions are divided into a plurality of groups, at least four in each group, two of which are arranged in front and back, located in the part of the explosive cartridge (13) not filled into the cylinder (1), as a movable support point (6), used to hold and fix the explosive cartridge (13); the other two are arranged in front and back, as a movable buckle (7), one is located at the front end of the cylinder (1), and the other is located at the rear end of the cylinder (1), used to fix the cylinder (1).

2. A spaced charge device as claimed in claim 1, wherein The length of the cylinder (1) is 1 / 10-1 / 4 of the length of the explosive cartridge (13).

3. A spaced charge device as claimed in claim 2, wherein Further comprising a plurality of explosive cartridges (13), and the number of explosive cartridges (13) is one more than the number of cartridge cover bodies, one explosive cartridge (13) is installed in one cartridge cover body, and the extra explosive cartridge (13) is arranged at the front end of the PVC pipe (5).

4. A spaced charge device as claimed in claim 3, wherein The PVC pipe (5) is enclosed by two left and right semicylindrical shells.

5. A method of charging a space charge device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The charging method is as follows: A plurality of the explosive rolls (13) are correspondingly loaded into the cylinder (1); in the front section of the cylinder (1), a fixed band (8) is annularly wound around the cylinder (1) to fix the explosive rolls (13) and the cylinder (1) into one body; A plurality of the cartridge case bodies loaded with the explosive rolls (13) are coaxially arranged in the semicylindrical shell, the plurality of cartridge case bodies are arranged in the axial direction of the semicylindrical shell and the energy-gathering structures (2) of the cartridge case bodies are directed to the same direction, i.e., the front end; and each cylinder (1) is located between two movable buckles (7) and is attached to the adjacent surface of the movable buckles (7); the end surface of the movable support point (6) is attached to the side wall of the explosive roll (13); An explosive roll (13) is coaxially arranged at the front end of the semicylindrical shell; and a detonator (10) is arranged at the rear end of the explosive roll (13) at the last end; Another semicylindrical shell is buckled with the semicylindrical shell loaded with the cartridge case bodies to form a PVC pipe (5) and is wound and fixed; The PVC pipe (5) is coaxially arranged in the blast hole, and the energy-gathering structure (2) is directed to the front blast hole.

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