An evaluation device for the flow and fire extinguishing efficiency of a fire extinguishing agent containing a blocked flame

Abstract

The present invention discloses an evaluation device for the flow and fire extinguishing efficiency of a fire extinguishing agent containing blocked flames, which includes a blower, a air supply section, a fire extinguishing agent filling and spraying module, a spraying section, a mixing chamber, a rectifying section, a particle size and velocity measurement module, an observation section, a combustion test section, a wind speed measurement module, an ignition module, a temperature measurement module, a data acquisition module, and a smoke exhaust section. The present invention can conduct experiments on the flow characteristics and fire extinguishing performance evaluation of different fire extinguishing agents under the influence of blockages, such as gaseous fire extinguishing agents, high-boiling-point fire extinguishing agents, powder fire extinguishing agents, etc. At the same time, the experimental results can provide data support for optimizing the design of fire extinguishing systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fire extinguishing agent flow and fire extinguishing efficiency evaluation, and particularly relates to an evaluation device for fire extinguishing agent flow and fire extinguishing efficiency with an obstructed flame. Background Art

[0002] An obstructed flame is more difficult to extinguish compared to flames in other situations. The obstructed structure provides a natural barrier for the stable combustion of the flame, such as the rib plates and pipeline structures in an aircraft engine compartment. Conducting research on extinguishing obstructed flames is beneficial for in-depth analysis of the flow of fire extinguishing agents under the influence of obstructions and changes in fire extinguishing concentrations. The experimental results are beneficial for optimizing the pipeline design of fire extinguishing systems, enabling efficient fire extinguishing when facing obstructed flames.

[0003] Currently, most experiments on fire extinguishing agent flow and fire extinguishing efficiency evaluation are carried out with a cup burner as the main experimental device. For example, the Chinese patent "Cup Burner for Foam Fire Extinguishing Agent Experiment" (CN103454387B) provides an experimental device for studying the fire extinguishing performance of foam fire extinguishing agents, which is beneficial for carrying out fire extinguishing efficiency evaluation experiments on foam fire extinguishing agents; the Chinese patent "A Cup Burner Suitable for Testing the Fire Extinguishing Performance of Vaporous Fire Extinguishing Agents" (CN103901156B) improves the design structure of the cup burner, enabling it to conduct fire extinguishing performance test experiments on vaporous fire extinguishing agents; the Chinese patent "Device and Testing Method for Measuring the Fire Extinguishing Concentration of Perfluoroethyl Isopropyl Ketone Fire Extinguishing Agent" (CN110221016A) optimizes the structure of the cup burner according to the physical and chemical properties of perfluoroethyl isopropyl ketone to facilitate the measurement of the fire extinguishing concentration of perfluoroethyl isopropyl ketone fire extinguishing agents; the Chinese patent "An Evaluation Device and Method for the Fire Extinguishing Efficiency of Ultrafine Dry Powder Fire Extinguishing Agent" (CN112345688A) improves the structure of the cup burner according to the flow characteristics of ultrafine dry powder to facilitate the evaluation of the fire extinguishing performance of ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agents. However, in terms of the evaluation of the fire extinguishing efficiency of fire extinguishing agents against obstructed flames, there is no perfect experimental device in the existing publicly disclosed patents that can conduct relevant experiments.

[0004] The present invention can conduct experiments on the flow and fire extinguishing efficiency evaluation of fire extinguishing agents containing obstructions. By using optical instruments to measure the particle size and velocity of fire extinguishing agent particles, the flow state of the fire extinguishing agent can be obtained. At the same time, by changing the type of obstruction, fire extinguishing agent efficiency evaluation experiments under different working conditions can be carried out, which is beneficial for analyzing the influence of obstructions on the fire extinguishing efficiency of gaseous, high-boiling-point, powder, and other fire extinguishing agents. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To study the influence of obstructions on the flow and fire extinguishing efficiency of fire extinguishing agents, the present invention proposes an evaluation device for fire extinguishing agent flow and fire extinguishing efficiency with an obstructed flame.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An evaluation device for the flow and fire extinguishing efficiency of a fire extinguishing agent containing blocked flames, comprising a fan, an air supply section, a fire extinguishing agent filling and spraying module, a spraying section, a mixing chamber, a rectifying section, a particle size and velocity measurement module, an observation section, a combustion test section, a wind speed measurement module, an ignition module, a temperature measurement module, a data acquisition module, and a smoke exhaust section. The fan is connected to the air supply section to introduce air flow into the device. The air supply section, the spraying section, the mixing chamber, the rectifying section, the observation section, the combustion test section, and the smoke exhaust section are sequentially connected into a whole through flanges. The nozzle part of the fire extinguishing agent filling and spraying module is installed inside the spraying section. The observation section provides a measurement environment for the particle size and velocity measurement module. Inside the combustion test section, the probe part of the wind speed measurement module, the ignition module, and the probe part of the temperature measurement module are installed, where:

[0008] The fan, as a gas source, is used to provide air volume.

[0009] The air supply section is used to convey the air volume into the device.

[0010] The fire extinguishing agent filling and spraying module is used to pressurize and fill gaseous fire extinguishing agents, high-boiling-point fire extinguishing agents, and powder fire extinguishing agents, and spray the fire extinguishing agent into the device.

[0011] The spraying section is used to convey the sprayed fire extinguishing agent.

[0012] The mixing chamber is used to mix the fire extinguishing agent and air evenly.

[0013] The rectifying section is used to reduce the turbulence intensity of the air flow and make the air flow smoother.

[0014] The particle size and velocity measurement module is used to measure the particle size and velocity of the fire extinguishing agent particles.

[0015] The observation section is used to provide a measurement environment for the measurement of the particle size and velocity of the fire extinguishing agent particles.

[0016] The combustion test section is used to conduct fire extinguishing experiments, wind speed measurement, and temperature measurement.

[0017] The wind speed measurement module is used to measure the wind speed inside the combustion test section.

[0018] The ignition module is used to ignite the oil pool.

[0019] The temperature measurement module is used to measure the flame temperature.

[0020] The data acquisition module is used to record and save data such as wind speed, temperature, particle size, and particle velocity.

[0021] The smoke exhaust section is used to exhaust the smoke.

[0022] Wherein, on both sides of the injection section are quartz glasses, and on the top and bottom are aluminum plates. The quartz glasses and the aluminum frames are bonded into a whole and fixed on both sides of the aluminum plates by screws.

[0023] Wherein, the size ratio of the diffusion section of the mixing chamber is 1:9, and the size ratio of the contraction section is 9:1. The mixing chamber is formed by connecting transparent acrylics with screws into a whole.

[0024] Wherein, the rectifying section adopts a honeycomb structure, and the internal pore diameter size is 1 cm.

[0025] Wherein, on both sides of the observation section are quartz glasses with aluminum frames, and on the top and bottom are aluminum plates. The aluminum plates and the quartz glasses with aluminum frames are connected into a whole by screws.

[0026] Wherein, the combustion test section is a quartz glass with an aluminum frame, the top is an aluminum plate, and the bottom is a steel plate. The aluminum plate and the quartz glass with an aluminum frame are connected into a whole by screws; the top plate has a switchable hole structure and is assembled by an inlaid structure; the bottom plate contains a blocker and an oil sump. The blocker is fixed to the bottom plate by screws and can be replaced at any time. The two sides of the oil sump have fuel channels for adding fuel, and there is an oil drain valve at the bottom for discharging the remaining fuel in the experiment.

[0027] The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. The present invention can carry out experiments on the flow and fire extinguishing efficiency evaluation of different fire extinguishing agents containing blockers, such as fire extinguishing agents like pentafluoroethane, perfluoromethylcyclohexanone, and ultrafine dry powder.

[0029] 2. Through the particle size and velocity measurement module in the present invention, the particle size and velocity of the fire extinguishing agent particles can be obtained, and then the flow state of the fire extinguishing agent can be analyzed; by changing the type of blocker, the influence of different blockers on the flow and fire extinguishing efficiency of the fire extinguishing agent can be studied; combined with the temperature measurement module, the real-time temperature of the flame can be obtained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: blower 1, air supply section 2, fire extinguishing agent filling and injection module 3, injection section 4, mixing chamber 5, rectifying section 6, particle size and velocity measurement module 7, observation section 8, combustion test section 9, wind speed measurement module 10, ignition module 11, temperature measurement module 12, data acquisition module 13, smoke exhaust section 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention is an evaluation device for the flow and fire extinguishing efficiency of a fire extinguishing agent containing a blocked flame, including a fan 1, an air supply section 2, a fire extinguishing agent filling and injection module 3, an injection section 4, a mixing chamber 5, a rectifying section 6, a particle size and velocity measurement module 7, an observation section 8, a combustion test section 9, a wind speed measurement module 10, an ignition module 11, a temperature measurement module 12, a data acquisition module 13, and an exhaust section 14. The above-mentioned parts are mechanically connected, electrically connected, and pneumatically connected to form a complete experimental device.

[0034] Among them, the fan 1 is connected to the air supply section 2 to introduce air flow into the interior of the evaluation device; the air supply section 2, the injection section 4, the mixing chamber 5, the rectifying section 6, the observation section 8, the combustion test section 9, and the exhaust section 14 are sequentially connected into a whole by flanges; the nozzle part of the fire extinguishing agent filling and injection module 3 is installed inside the injection section 4; the observation section 8 provides a measurement environment for the particle size and velocity measurement module 7; the probe parts of the wind speed measurement module 10 and the temperature measurement module 12 are installed inside the combustion test section 9. The wind speed measurement module 10 and the temperature measurement module 12 are respectively connected to the data acquisition module 13.

[0035] Preferably, the fan 1 is a vortex fan of model 2RB840-7HH27. The air outlet of the fan 1 is connected to the air supply section 2. Both the air supply section 2 and the exhaust section 14 are connected by a flame-retardant duct soft connection with a length of 1 m.

[0036] Preferably, the pressurized gas in the fire extinguishing agent filling and injection module 3 is nitrogen. The fire extinguishing agent filling bottle is a sampling steel bottle with a capacity of 500 mL and a maximum heat-resistant temperature of 300 °C. The nozzle part is connected by a 1 / 4-inch steel pipe.

[0037] Preferably, both sides of the injection section 4 are made of quartz glass with a length of 580 mm, a width of 110 mm, and a thickness of 5 mm. The quartz glass is bonded to an aluminum frame with a length of 600 mm, a width of 130 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm to form a whole, and is connected to the upper and lower aluminum plates by M4 screws. Among them, the upper and lower aluminum plates have a length of 600 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 15 mm. The cross-section of the injection section channel is 100×100 mm.

[0038] Preferably, the main material of the mixing chamber 5 is acrylic board, and the boards are connected by M4 screws with a total length of 752 mm.

[0039] Preferably, both sides of the rectifying section 6 are made of quartz glass with a length of 180 mm, a width of 110 mm, and a thickness of 5 mm. The quartz glass is bonded to an aluminum frame with a length of 200 mm, a width of 130 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm to form an integral body, and is connected to the upper and lower aluminum plates by M4 screws. Among them, the upper and lower aluminum plates have a length of 200 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 15 mm. The rectifying section internally contains a honeycomb structure with a pore diameter of 10 mm.

[0040] Preferably, the particle size and velocity measurement module 7 uses a PDPA device of TSI for measurement. The device includes a transformer, a laser, a laser emission probe, a laser reception probe, a signal processor, a water cooling device, and a coordinate frame.

[0041] Preferably, both sides of the observation section 8 are made of quartz glass with a length of 180 mm, a width of 110 mm, and a thickness of 5 mm. The quartz glass is bonded to an aluminum frame with a length of 200 mm, a width of 130 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm to form an integral body, and is connected to the upper and lower aluminum plates by M4 screws. Among them, the upper and lower aluminum plates have a length of 200 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 15 mm.

[0042] Preferably, both sides of the combustion test section 9 are made of quartz glass with a length of 580 mm, a width of 110 mm, and a thickness of 5 mm. The quartz glass is bonded to an aluminum frame with a length of 600 mm, a width of 130 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm to form an integral body, and is respectively connected to the top aluminum plate and the bottom steel plate by M4 screws. Among them, the top aluminum plate is formed by inlaying and combining an aluminum frame with a length of 600 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 15 mm and an aluminum plate with a length of 580 mm, a width of 80 mm, and a thickness of 13 mm by screws, and a switchable through-hole with a diameter of 12 mm is reserved for facilitating wind speed measurement and ignition; the bottom steel plate has a length of 600 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 15 mm, and has a replaceable blocker and an oil pool with a size of 90 mm×90 mm×40 mm.

[0043] Preferably, the wind speed measurement module 10 uses a hot wire anemometer of the OMEGA model HHF-SD1; the temperature measurement module 12 uses a K-type thermocouple of the model WRNK-191; the data acquisition module 13 is a mobile workstation of Windows 10.

[0044] The data acquisition module 13 is used to record and save the data of wind speed, temperature, particle size, and particle velocity;

[0045] The smoke exhaust section 14 is used to discharge the flue gas.

[0046] When conducting the experiment, first inject fuel into the oil pool in the combustion test section 9 to keep the fuel liquid level flush with the bottom surface; then fill the fire extinguishing agent filling and spraying module 3 with the fire extinguishing agent and pressurize it with nitrogen; ignite the oil pool through the ignition module 11, start the particle size and velocity measurement module 7, the wind speed measurement module 10, the temperature measurement module 12, and the data acquisition module 13 to start collecting data, and start the ignition module 11 to ignite the oil pool; then start the fan 1 to blow air into the combustion section. After the flame burns stably for 60 s, open the fire extinguishing agent filling and spraying module 3 to spray the fire extinguishing agent into the device for the fire extinguishing experiment; after the flame goes out, save the experimental data through the data acquisition module 13, and sequentially turn off the fan 1, the particle size and velocity measurement module 7, the wind speed measurement module 10, and the temperature measurement module 12. Then drain the remaining fuel through the valve at the bottom of the oil pool; finally, evaluate the flow characteristics and fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing agent based on the data such as particle size, particle velocity, wind speed, and temperature obtained from the experiment.

[0047] The parts not elaborated in detail in the present invention belong to the well-known technologies of those skilled in the art. The above-described embodiments only describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An evaluation device for the flow and fire extinguishing efficiency of a fire extinguishing agent containing a blocked flame, Characterized in that: It includes a fan (1), a air supply section (2), a fire extinguishing agent filling and spraying module (3), a spraying section (4), a mixing chamber (5), a rectifying section (6), a particle size and velocity measurement module (7), an observation section (8), a combustion test section (9), a wind speed measurement module (10), an ignition module (11), a temperature measurement module (12), a data acquisition module (13), and a smoke exhaust section (14). The fan (1) is connected to the air supply section (2) to introduce air flow into the interior of the evaluation device; the air supply section (2), the spraying section (4), the mixing chamber (5), the rectifying section (6), the observation section (8), the combustion test section (9), and the smoke exhaust section (14) are sequentially connected into a whole by flanges; the nozzle part of the fire extinguishing agent filling and spraying module (3) is installed inside the spraying section (4); the observation section (8) provides a measurement environment for the particle size and velocity measurement module (7); the probe parts of the wind speed measurement module (10), the ignition module (11), and the temperature measurement module (12) are installed inside the combustion test section; the wind speed measurement module (10) and the temperature measurement module (12) are respectively connected to the data acquisition module (13); where: The fan (1), as the air source, is used to provide air volume; The air supply section (2) is used to convey the air volume to the interior of the device; The fire extinguishing agent filling and spraying module (3) is used to pressurize and fill the fire extinguishing agent and spray the fire extinguishing agent into the interior of the device; The spraying section (4) is used to convey the sprayed fire extinguishing agent; The mixing chamber (5) is used to mix the fire extinguishing agent and air evenly; The rectifying section (6) is used to reduce the air flow turbulence intensity; The particle size and velocity measurement module (7) is used to measure the particle size and velocity of the fire extinguishing agent particles; The observation section (8) is used to provide a measurement environment for the particle size and velocity measurement of the fire extinguishing agent particles; The combustion test section (9) is used to carry out fire extinguishing experiments, wind speed measurement, or temperature measurement work; The wind speed measurement module (10) is used to measure the wind speed inside the combustion test section (9); The ignition module (11) is used to ignite the oil pool; The temperature measurement module (12) is used to measure the flame temperature; The data acquisition module (13) is used to record and save the wind speed, temperature, particle size, and particle velocity data; The smoke exhaust section (14) is used to exhaust the smoke.

2. An evaluation device for the flow and fire extinguishing efficiency of a fire extinguishing agent containing a blocked flame according to claim 1, Characterized in that: Both sides of the spraying section (4) are made of quartz glass, and the upper and lower parts are made of aluminum plates. The quartz glass and the aluminum frame are glued into a whole and fixed on both sides of the aluminum plate by screws.

3. An evaluation device for the flow and fire extinguishing efficiency of a fire extinguishing agent containing a blocked flame according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The size ratio of the diffusion section of the mixing chamber (5) is 1:9, and the size ratio of the contraction section is 9:

1. The mixing chamber is connected into a whole by transparent acrylic through screws.

4. An evaluation device for the flow and fire extinguishing efficiency of a fire extinguishing agent containing a blocked flame according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The rectifying section (6) adopts a honeycomb structure with an internal pore size of 1 cm.

5. An evaluation device for the flow and extinguishing efficiency of a fire extinguishing agent containing an obstructed flame as described in claim 1, characterized in that: On both sides of the observation section (8) are quartz glasses with aluminum frames, and on the top and bottom are aluminum plates. The aluminum plates and the quartz glasses with aluminum frames are connected into a whole by screws.

6. An evaluation device for the flow and extinguishing efficiency of a fire extinguishing agent containing an obstructed flame as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion test section (9) is a quartz glass with an aluminum frame, with an aluminum plate at the top and a steel plate at the bottom. The aluminum plate and the quartz glass with an aluminum frame are connected into a whole by screws; the top plate has a switchable hole structure and is assembled through an inlaid structure; the bottom plate contains an obstruction and an oil pool. The obstruction is fixed to the bottom plate by screws and can be replaced at any time. The two sides of the oil pool have fuel channels for adding fuel, and there is an oil drain valve at the bottom for discharging the remaining fuel in the experiment.

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