Elevator speed limiter

Abstract

The elevator speed limiting device comprises a speed regulator rope, a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear, a centrifugal speed regulator, and a car stop switch. The speed regulator rope is arranged in a loop shape in a lifting passage through a speed regulator pulley and is connected with the elevator car to lift. The driving bevel gear is assembled on a horizontal shaft of the speed regulator pulley. The driven bevel gear is engaged with the driving bevel gear. The centrifugal speed regulator is connected with the driven bevel gear through a plumb shaft. The car stop switch stops driving the car when the ascending speed or descending speed of the car detected by the centrifugal speed regulator exceeds a specified value. The centrifugal speed regulator has a variable speed regulating part to control the ascending speed of the elevator car and control the descending speed of the elevator car, and the descending limit speed of the elevator car is set lower than the ascending limit speed. The device saves space and achieves stable and noise reduction effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of elevators, and more specifically to an elevator speed limiting device. Background Technology

[0002] Normally, the elevator's upward and downward speeds are the same. The speed limiter is used to detect overspeeding and trigger the brake and safety clamps.

[0003] However, as elevators increase in speed and travel greater distances, the air pressure inside the elevator car changes drastically during ascent and descent, causing discomfort to passengers. Research has found that the human ear is more adaptable to pressure changes during ascent. To alleviate passenger discomfort, ultra-high-speed elevators must have their rated descent speed set lower than their rated descent speed.

[0004] A prior art patent, CN201280073318.1, discloses a speed limiting device with two independent centrifugal speed regulators having different trigger speeds during the car's up and down movement. This disclosed technology has the following problems:

[0005] 1) The two sets of detection mechanisms are isolated or transmit rotation through pawls, resulting in high noise and poor stability during high-speed operation. 2) The use of two sets of detection mechanisms and action triggering mechanisms results in a large axial dimension, which is not conducive to the layout of the elevator machine room.

[0006] Meanwhile, another existing patent, CN20130027081.X, introduces a belt drive mechanism to address the aforementioned technical problems. This mechanism converts the car's upward and downward speeds to the rotational speed of a centrifugal speed controller via different belt drive ratios, achieving the design goal using a single centrifugal speed controller. However, its disclosed technology has the following problems:

[0007] 1) Both the ascending and descending transmission pulleys need to be equipped with clutches, resulting in high noise and poor stability at high speeds. 2) The simultaneous axial arrangement of a centrifugal speed controller and a belt drive mechanism leads to a large axial dimension, which is not conducive to the layout of the elevator machine room. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an elevator speed limiting device that achieves stability and noise reduction while saving space.

[0009] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses an elevator speed limiting device, comprising:

[0010] The speed controller rope is looped within the lifting channel via a speed controller pulley and connected to the elevator car for lifting and lowering.

[0011] A drive bevel gear is mounted on the horizontal shaft of the speed regulator pulley;

[0012] A driven bevel gear meshes with the driving bevel gear;

[0013] A centrifugal speed controller is connected to the driven bevel gear via a vertical shaft;

[0014] The car stop switch stops driving the car when the ascending or descending speed of the car, detected by the centrifugal speed controller, exceeds a specified value. The centrifugal speed controller has a variable speed control section that controls the ascending speed and descending speed of the elevator car, and sets the descending speed limit of the elevator car to be lower than its ascending speed limit.

[0015] Preferably, the centrifugal speed regulator includes an upper crossbar, a lower crossbar, a pair of first swing arms, and a pair of weights; the upper crossbar is fixed on a vertical shaft, and the lower crossbar is connected to the vertical shaft via a sliding bearing, allowing relative sliding along the axial direction of the vertical shaft; the weights are fixed on the first swing arms, which are hinged to the upper and lower crossbars; a spring is disposed between the lower crossbar and the spring travel adjustment mechanism; the variable speed control part is a variable connection device disposed on the first swing arms and the weights, which can change and set different initial radii of rotation of the center of gravity of the weights around the vertical shaft in the ascending and descending sections of the car, respectively.

[0016] Preferably, the variable connection device includes a second swing arm and a one-way bearing; the second swing arm and the first swing arm are connected by the one-way bearing; when the elevator is going up, the second swing arm and the first swing arm are movably hinged; once the elevator enters the downward section, the second swing arm is locked relative to the first swing arm at a certain angle by the one-way bearing.

[0017] Preferably, the variable connection device includes a second swing arm and a motor; the second swing arm and the first swing arm are connected by the motor.

[0018] Preferably, the car stop switch is as follows: the lower crossbar and the bushing of the actuation mechanism are connected by a bearing to maintain consistent axial displacement and allow relative rotation; the bushing is hinged to the first rocker arm, and the two ends of the first rocker arm are respectively hinged to a second rocker arm and an actuation rod, the second rocker arm is hinged to a bracket, and the bracket is fixedly mounted on the gearbox of the speed limiting device; when the lower crossbar drives the bushing to move upward, it will cause the actuation rod to have an upward displacement. When the displacement of the actuation rod reaches the first displacement S1, it will trigger the corresponding electrical switch shaft, thereby causing the brake to engage and restrict the movement of the car; when the displacement of the actuation rod reaches the second displacement S2, it will trigger the rope clamping device to clamp the speed regulator rope, thereby pulling the car safety clamp to stop the elevator car.

[0019] Preferably, the one-way bearing consists of an outer ring, an inner ring, a set of rollers, and a spring. The outer ring has a cylindrical inner diameter, and the inner ring has a ramp that is evenly distributed on the inner ring.

[0020] Preferably, when the elevator is going up, the motor adopts a follow-up mode, the second swing arm is relatively free from the first swing arm, and rotates around the first swing arm in the direction of rotation of the vertical axis; when the elevator is going down, the motor drive shaft is locked, the second swing arm is relatively locked from the first swing arm, and the distance between the weight and the vertical axis does not change. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figures 1-6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figures 7-8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. Example 1

[0024] This invention relates to a speed limiting device for an elevator, comprising a speed regulator rope, which is arranged in a loop within the elevator shaft via a speed regulator pulley and connected to the elevator car for lifting; a driving bevel gear mounted on the horizontal shaft of the speed regulator pulley; a driven bevel gear meshing with the driving bevel gear; and a centrifugal speed regulator connected to the driven bevel gear via a vertical shaft (2).

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, when the car is going up or down, the car drives the speed governor pulley to rotate via the speed governor rope (not shown in the figure). The speed governor pulley drives the vertical shaft (2) to rotate via the bevel gear pair. The speed of the vertical shaft (2) is consistent with that of the speed governor pulley.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the centrifugal speed regulator (3) maintains the same speed as the vertical shaft. The centrifugal speed regulator (3) includes an upper crossbar (31), a lower crossbar (32), a first swing arm (33), and a weight (34). The upper crossbar (31) is fixed on the vertical shaft (2), and the lower crossbar (32) is connected to the vertical shaft (2) through a sliding bearing, allowing it to slide relative to the vertical shaft (2) along its axial direction. The weight (34) is fixed on the first swing arm (33), which is hinged to the upper crossbar (31) and the lower crossbar (32). A spring (6) is positioned between the lower crossbar (32) and the spring travel adjustment mechanism.

[0027] like Figure 1-2As shown, the lower crossbar (32) and the bushing (51) of the actuating mechanism (5) are connected by a bearing (56) to maintain consistent axial displacement and allow relative rotation. The bushing (51) is hinged to the first rocker arm (52), and the two ends of the first rocker arm (52) are respectively hinged to the second rocker arm (55) and the actuating rod (53). The second rocker arm (55) is hinged to the bracket (54), and the bracket (54) is fixedly mounted on the gearbox of the speed limiting device. When the lower crossbar (32) drives the bushing (51) to move upward, it will cause the actuating rod (53) to have an upward displacement. When the displacement of the actuating rod (53) reaches the first displacement S1, it will trigger the corresponding electrical switch shaft (57), thereby causing the brake to engage and restrict the movement of the car. When the displacement of the actuating rod (53) reaches the second displacement S2, it will trigger the action of the rope clamping device, clamping the speed regulator rope, thereby pulling the car safety clamp to stop the elevator car.

[0028] The centrifugal governor also includes a second swing arm (41) and a one-way bearing (42), see Figure 3 .

[0029] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the one-way bearing (42) can rotate freely in one direction and is locked in the other. The one-way bearing (42) consists of an outer ring (58), an inner ring (59), a set of rollers (60), and a spring. The outer ring has a cylindrical inner diameter, and the inner ring has a ramp (62) that is evenly distributed on the inner ring. When the inner ring rotates counterclockwise relative to the outer ring, the rollers bear the pressure of the spring and maintain close contact with the inner and outer rings. Due to the ramp, the gap gradually decreases, the rollers lock, and the inner and outer rings mesh, thus transmitting torque. When the inner ring rotates clockwise relative to the outer ring, the rollers bear the tension of the spring. Due to the increased gap of the ramp, they no longer maintain close contact with the inner and outer rings, and the inner and outer rings disengage, allowing the outer ring to idle.

[0030] The second swing arm (41) and the first swing arm (33) are connected by a one-way bearing (42). The second swing arm (41) is only free relative to the first swing arm (33) when the elevator is going up (the main shaft rotates counterclockwise). It rotates around the first swing arm (33) in the circumferential direction of the vertical shaft (2). When the elevator is going down, the second swing arm (41) and the first swing arm (33) are locked relative to each other. The distance between the weight (34) and the vertical shaft does not change. By automatically and forcibly controlling the connection between the second swing arm (41) and the first swing arm (33), different initial radii of rotation between the end weight (34) of the second swing arm (41) and the vertical shaft 2 are achieved when going up and down. The centrifugal force is different at the same rotation speed, which makes the magnitude of the force that drives the crossbar 32 upward different, resulting in different displacement effects. This allows one device to replace two existing patents.

[0031] The following explanation addresses the different operating speeds of the elevator when going up or down.

[0032] When the elevator is ascending at the rated speed V0, a ​​first overspeed speed V1 is set (which triggers the brake when overspeeding occurs). When the elevator is descending at the rated speed V0', a first overspeed speed V1' (which triggers the brake when overspeeding occurs) and a second overspeed speed V2' (which triggers the safety clamp when overspeeding occurs) are set.

[0033] Typically, V0' < V1' < V2' < V0 < V 1。

[0034] like Figures 5-6 As shown, when the elevator descends, the speed controller pulley drives the vertical shaft (2) to rotate, which in turn drives the centrifugal speed controller (3) to rotate. The weight (34) moves outward under the action of centrifugal force, and the lower crossbar (32) needs to overcome the pressure of the spring (6) to move upward. Under the action of the one-way bearing (42), the second swing arm (41) is locked relative to the first swing arm (33) and does not rotate around the first swing arm (33). The distance between the weight (34) and the vertical shaft (2) remains unchanged. As the elevator speed increases, when the elevator speed reaches the first overspeed speed V1', the centrifugal force drives the lower crossbar (32) to move upward, which is denoted as F1'. This drives the action rod (53) to reach the first displacement S1, triggering the corresponding electrical switch shaft (57) to move. At this time, the distance between the weight (34) and the vertical shaft (2) is r1', the displacement of the lower crossbar (32) is X1', and the spring force of the spring 6 is F6' = K6X1'. When the elevator speed continues to increase to the second overspeed speed V2', the centrifugal force drives the lower crossbar (32) to move upward, which is recorded as F2'. This causes the action rod (53) to reach the second displacement S2, triggering the car safety clamp to operate. At this time, the distance between the weight (34) and the vertical axis (2) is r1”, the displacement of the lower crossbar (32) is X1”, and the spring force of the spring 6 is F6” = K6X1”.

[0035] When the elevator goes up, the speed controller pulley drives the vertical shaft (2) to rotate, which in turn drives the centrifugal speed controller (3) to rotate. The weight (34) moves outward under the action of centrifugal force, and the lower crossbar (32) needs to overcome the pressure of the spring (6) to move upward. Under the action of the one-way bearing (42), the second swing arm (41) rotates around the first swing arm (33) in a circumferential direction. The weight (34) moves towards the fulcrum of the vertical shaft swing arm under the action of inertial force, and the distance between the weight (34) and the vertical shaft (2) becomes smaller. When the elevator's upward speed reaches the first and second overspeed speeds of the downward movement, V1' and V2', the distances of the weight (34) relative to the vertical axis (2) are r2' and r2', respectively, and the displacement of the lower crossbar (32) is X2'. Since r2' < r2' < r1', the spring force F6 of the spring (6) that needs to trigger the electrical switch is K6X2' > F6' > F6'. At this time, the centrifugal forces F1' and F2' of the weight (34) are insufficient to overcome the effect of the spring force F6, and cannot reach the preset travel, so the electrical switch and the car safety brake will not be triggered. As the elevator speed increases, when the elevator speed reaches the first overspeed speed of the upward movement, V1, the centrifugal force F1 of the weight (34) increases. By reasonably designing the length of the second swing arm (41), F1 can be made to equal F6 at this time. Thus, when the elevator speed reaches the first overspeed speed of the upward movement, the electrical switch will be triggered, and the car will be stopped by the brake. Example 2

[0036] This invention relates to a speed limiting device for an elevator, comprising a speed regulator rope, which is arranged in a loop within the elevator shaft via a speed regulator pulley and connected to the elevator car for lifting; a driving bevel gear mounted on the horizontal shaft of the speed regulator pulley; a driven bevel gear meshing with the driving bevel gear; and a centrifugal speed regulator connected to the driven bevel gear via a vertical shaft (2).

[0037] like Figure 7 As shown, when the car is going up or down, the car drives the speed governor pulley (1) to rotate via the speed governor rope (not shown in the figure). The speed governor pulley (1) drives the vertical shaft (2) to rotate via the bevel gear pair. The speed of the vertical shaft (2) is consistent with that of the speed governor pulley (1).

[0038] The centrifugal speed regulator (3) maintains the same speed as the vertical shaft. The centrifugal speed regulator (3) includes an upper crossbar (31), a lower crossbar (32), a first swing arm (33), and a weight (34). The upper crossbar (31) is fixed on the vertical shaft (2), and the lower crossbar (32) is connected to the vertical shaft (2) through a sliding bearing, allowing it to slide relative to the vertical shaft (2) along its axial direction. The weight (34) is fixed on the first swing arm (33), which is hinged to the upper crossbar (31) and the lower crossbar (32). A spring (6) is positioned between the lower crossbar (32) and the spring travel adjustment mechanism.

[0039] The lower crossbar (32) and the bushing (51) of the actuating mechanism (5) are connected by bearings to maintain consistent axial displacement and allow relative rotation. The bushing (51) is hinged to the first rocker arm (52), and the two ends of the first rocker arm (52) are respectively hinged to the second rocker arm (55) and the actuating rod (53). The second rocker arm (55) is hinged to the bracket (54), and the bracket (54) is fixedly mounted on the gearbox of the speed limiting device. When the lower crossbar (32) drives the bushing (51) to move upward, it will cause the actuating rod (53) to have an upward displacement. When the displacement of the actuating rod (53) reaches the first displacement S1, it will trigger the corresponding electrical switch, thereby causing the brake to engage and restrict the movement of the car. When the displacement of the actuating rod (53) reaches the second displacement S2, it will trigger the action of the rope clamping device, clamping the speed regulator rope, thereby pulling the car safety clamp to stop the elevator car.

[0040] like Figures 7-8 As shown, the centrifugal speed controller also includes a second swing arm (41) and a motor (43). The second swing arm (41) and the first swing arm (33) are connected by the motor (43).

[0041] The outer shaft hole of the first swing arm (33) is fitted with a coupling (63), and the inner shaft hole is fitted with a bearing (64). The second swing arm (41) is connected to the coupling and the bearing respectively by a pin (65). The motor drive shaft is connected by the coupling and the pin.

[0042] When the elevator is moving upwards, the motor adopts a follow-up mode, and the second swing arm (41) is relatively free from the first swing arm (33). It rotates around the first swing arm (33) in the circumferential direction of the vertical axis (2). When the elevator is moving downwards, the motor drive shaft is locked, and the second swing arm (41) is relatively locked from the first swing arm (33). The distance between the weight (34) and the vertical axis does not change. By automatically and forcibly controlling the connection relationship between the second swing arm (41) and the first swing arm (33) by the motor (43), different initial radii of rotation between the end weight (34) of the second swing arm (41) and the vertical axis 2 are achieved for moving upwards and downwards. The centrifugal force is different at the same rotation speed, so that the force that drives the crossbar 32 upwards is different and the displacement is different. One set of devices replaces the two sets of existing patents.

[0043] The following explanation addresses the different operating speeds of the elevator when going up or down.

[0044] When the elevator is ascending at the rated speed V0, a ​​first overspeed speed V1 is set (which triggers the brake when overspeeding occurs). When the elevator is descending at the rated speed V0', a first overspeed speed V1' (which triggers the brake when overspeeding occurs) and a second overspeed speed V2' (which triggers the safety clamp when overspeeding occurs) are set.

[0045] Typically, V0' < V1' < V2' < V0 < V 1。

[0046] When the elevator descends, the speed controller pulley drives the vertical shaft (2) to rotate, which in turn drives the centrifugal speed controller (3) to rotate. The weight (34) moves outward under the action of centrifugal force, and the lower crossbar (32) needs to overcome the pressure of the spring (6) to move upward. The motor (43) is locked, and the second swing arm (41) does not rotate around the first swing arm (33). The distance between the weight (34) and the vertical shaft (2) remains unchanged. As the elevator speed increases, when the elevator speed reaches the first overspeed V1', the centrifugal force drives the lower crossbar (32) to move upward, which is denoted as F1'. This causes the action rod (53) to reach the first displacement S1, triggering the corresponding electrical switch action. At this time, the distance between the weight (34) and the vertical shaft (2) is r1', the displacement of the lower crossbar (32) is X1', and the spring force of the spring 6 is F6' = K6X1'. When the elevator speed continues to increase to the second overspeed speed V2', the centrifugal force drives the lower crossbar (32) to move upward, which is recorded as F2'. This causes the action rod (53) to reach the second displacement S2, triggering the car safety clamp to operate. At this time, the distance between the weight (34) and the vertical axis (2) is r1”, the displacement of the lower crossbar (32) is X1”, and the spring force of the spring 6 is F6” = K6X1”.

[0047] When the elevator goes up, the speed controller pulley drives the vertical shaft (2) to rotate, which in turn drives the centrifugal speed controller (3) to rotate. The weight (34) moves outward under the action of centrifugal force, and the lower crossbar (32) needs to overcome the pressure of the spring (6) to move upward. Driven by the motor (43), the second swing arm (41) rotates around the first swing arm (33) in a circumferential direction, and the weight (34) moves towards the fulcrum of the vertical shaft swing arm, and the distance of the weight (34) relative to the vertical shaft (2) becomes smaller. When the elevator's upward speed reaches the first and second overspeed speeds of the downward movement, V1' and V2', the distances of the weight (34) relative to the vertical axis (2) are r2' and r2', respectively, and the displacement of the lower crossbar (32) is X2'. Since r2' < r2' < r1', the spring force F6 of the spring (6) that needs to trigger the electrical switch is K6X2' > F6' > F6'. At this time, the centrifugal forces F1' and F2' of the weight (34) are insufficient to overcome the effect of the spring force F6, and cannot reach the preset travel, so the electrical switch and the car safety brake will not be triggered. As the elevator speed increases, when the elevator speed reaches the first overspeed speed of the upward movement, V1, the centrifugal force F1 of the weight (34) increases. By reasonably designing the length of the second swing arm (41) and the shaft drive of the motor (43), F1 can be made to equal F6 at this time. Thus, when the elevator speed reaches the first overspeed speed of the upward movement, the electrical switch will be triggered, and the car will be stopped by the brake.

Claims

1. An elevator speed limiting device, characterized in that, include: The speed controller rope is arranged in a loop within the lifting channel via a speed controller pulley and connected to the elevator car for lifting and lowering. A drive bevel gear is mounted on the horizontal shaft of the speed regulator pulley; A driven bevel gear meshes with the driving bevel gear; A centrifugal speed controller is connected to the driven bevel gear via a vertical shaft (2); The car stop switch stops driving the car when the ascending or descending speed of the car detected by the centrifugal speed controller exceeds a specified value. The centrifugal speed controller has a variable speed control section that controls the ascending speed of the elevator car and the descending speed of the elevator car, and sets the descending limit speed of the elevator car to be lower than its ascending limit speed. The centrifugal speed regulator includes an upper crossbar (31), a lower crossbar (32), a pair of first swing arms (33), and a pair of weights (34); the upper crossbar (31) is fixed on the vertical shaft (2), and the lower crossbar (32) is connected to the vertical shaft (2) through a sliding bearing and slides relative to each other along the axial direction of the vertical shaft (2); the weights (34) are fixed on the first swing arms (33), and the first swing arms (33) are hinged to the upper crossbar (31) and the lower crossbar (32); the spring (6) is set between the lower crossbar (32) and the spring stroke adjustment mechanism; the variable speed regulating part is a variable connection device set on the first swing arms (33) and the weights (34), and the variable connection device can change and set different initial rotation radii of the center of gravity of the weights (34) around the vertical shaft (2) in the upward and downward sections of the car respectively; The variable connection device includes a second swing arm (41) and a one-way bearing (42); the second swing arm (41) and the first swing arm (33) are connected by the one-way bearing (42); when the elevator is going up, the second swing arm (41) and the first swing arm (33) are hinged; once the elevator enters the downward section, the second swing arm (41) and the first swing arm (33) are locked at a certain angle by the one-way bearing (42).

2. The elevator speed limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable connection device includes a second swing arm (41) and a motor (43); the second swing arm (41) and the first swing arm (33) are connected by the motor (43).

3. The elevator speed limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The car stop switch is as follows: the lower crossbar (32) and the bushing (51) of the action mechanism (5) are connected by bearings to maintain consistent axial displacement and relative rotation; the bushing (51) is hinged to the first rocker arm (52), and the two ends of the first rocker arm (52) are respectively hinged to the second rocker arm (55) and the action rod (53). The second rocker arm (55) is hinged to the bracket (54), and the bracket (54) is fixedly installed on the gearbox of the speed limiting device; when the lower crossbar (32) drives the bushing (51) to move upward, it will cause the action rod (53) to have an upward displacement. When the displacement of the action rod (53) reaches the first displacement S1, it will trigger the corresponding electrical switch shaft (57), thereby causing the brake to engage and restrict the car movement; when the displacement of the action rod (53) reaches the second displacement S2, it will trigger the rope clamping device to clamp the speed regulator rope, thereby pulling the car safety clamp to stop the elevator car.

4. The elevator speed limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way bearing (42) consists of an outer ring (58), an inner ring (59), a set of rollers (60) and a spring. The outer ring has a cylindrical inner diameter, and the inner ring has a ramp (62) that is evenly distributed on the inner ring.

5. The elevator speed limiting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the elevator is going up, the motor (43) adopts a follow-up mode, the second swing arm (41) is relatively free from the first swing arm (33), and rotates around the first swing arm (33) in the direction of rotation of the vertical axis (2); when the elevator is going down, the motor drive shaft is locked, the second swing arm (41) is relatively locked from the first swing arm (33), and the distance between the weight (34) and the vertical axis does not change.

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