Carotenoid-encapsulated peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanosphere encapsulating carotenoids and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving 1 part by weight of hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide, 0.5-5 parts by weight of cinnamic acid, 0.1-1 part by weight of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 0.5-2 parts by weight of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide under a nitrogen atmosphere, reacting at room temperature for 24-48 hours, adding ice ethanol for precipitation, washing three times, and drying to constant weight in an oven at 60 °C to obtain an amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer. Then, 1 part by weight of the obtained amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer and 0.05-0.3 part by weight of carotenoids are dissolved in an organic solvent. After complete dissolution, water equivalent to 4-9 times the volume of the organic solvent is slowly added dropwise, and then dialysis is carried out for 8-24 hours. The present invention also discloses the application of the peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanosphere encapsulating carotenoids in the fields of food, cosmetics, and medicine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of nano-delivery technology, and particularly relates to a peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanosphere encapsulating carotenoids, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the past few decades, various carotenoids such as lycopene, β-carotene, astaxanthin, etc. have been isolated from plants, microorganisms, and marine organisms to meet the urgent need of people for natural multifunctional foods as healthy ingredients. More and more scientific evidence shows that carotenoids have effects such as anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-thrombotic, and anti-microbial agents, and play a crucial role in preventing cardiovascular diseases, various types of cancers, and chronic diseases. According to statistics, the global market for astaxanthin is expected to reach $2.57 billion in 2025, and the global market for lutein is expected to reach $357.7 million by 2022. Therefore, carotenoids are of great development value. However, unfortunately, the structure of carotenoids containing multiple conjugated double bonds makes them highly physicochemically sensitive and may decompose under environmental stress (such as ultraviolet light) during food processing and storage before consumption, losing their active efficacy. On the other hand, the conjugated polyene structure of carotenoids makes them highly hydrophobic, almost insoluble in water at physiological pH, resulting in defects such as poor bioavailability and limited absorption in the body. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve their hydrophilicity and chemical stability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to develop a peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanosphere encapsulating carotenoids, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof.

[0004] A preparation method of a peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanosphere encapsulating carotenoids includes the following steps: First, prepare an amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid molecule, dissolve the amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid and carotenoids in an organic solvent, and then drop in excess water and dialyze to obtain a peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanosphere encapsulating carotenoids.

[0005] A preparation method of a peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanosphere encapsulating carotenoids includes the following steps:

[0006] (1) Dissolve 1 part by weight of hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide, 0.5 - 5 parts by weight of cinnamic acid, 0.1 - 1 part by weight of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 0.5 - 2 parts by weight of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide under a nitrogen atmosphere, react at room temperature for 24 - 48 hours, then add ice ethanol for precipitation and wash 3 times, and dry to constant weight in an oven at 60 degrees to obtain an amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer.

[0007] (2) Dissolve 1 part by weight of the amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer obtained in step (1) and 0.05 - 0.3 part by weight of carotenoid in an organic solvent. After complete dissolution, slowly drop in water with a volume 4 - 9 times that of the organic solvent, and then dialyze for 8 - 24 hours to obtain peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoid.

[0008] In one embodiment, the molecular weight of the hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide is 3500 - 50000 Daltons.

[0009] The carotenoid is selected from at least any one of lycopene, β-carotene, astaxanthin, and lutein.

[0010] In one embodiment, the organic solvent is selected from at least any one of dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, and tetrahydrofuran, all with a purity of chemically pure or above.

[0011] In one embodiment, the size of the peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoid is 80 - 300 nanometers.

[0012] A kind of peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoid is prepared by using any one of the above-mentioned preparation methods.

[0013] An application of the peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoid, specifically: the application of the peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoid in the fields of food, cosmetics, and medicine.

[0014] The peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoid involved in the method of the present invention are assembled precursors with amphiphilic hyperbranched peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid grafts of hyperbranched natural peach gum polysaccharide and anti-ultraviolet monomer cinnamic acid, obtaining an assembly with an atypical core-shell structure for encapsulating and stabilizing carotenoid, in order to improve the water solubility and ultraviolet stability of carotenoid. The peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoid have a high encapsulation amount and excellent ultraviolet stability, with an adjustable size of 80 - 300 nanometers, and have broad application prospects in the fields of food, cosmetics, medicine, etc.; the preparation method of the present invention has the advantages of rich raw material sources, low cost and easy availability, good biocompatibility, simple preparation process, easy purification, and little environmental pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a reaction schematic diagram for preparing the peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoid of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a photo of an aqueous solution of the peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating β-carotene prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is the DLS graph of the peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating β-carotene prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is the SEM graph of the peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating β-carotene prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is the ultraviolet transmission curve of the peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating β-carotene prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] The present invention provides a peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanosphere encapsulating carotenoid and a preparation method thereof. Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the preparation method includes the following steps: First, prepare an amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid molecule, dissolve the amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid and carotenoid in an organic solvent, and then drop in excessive water and perform dialysis to obtain the peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanosphere encapsulating carotenoid.

[0021] In one embodiment, the preparation method of the peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanosphere encapsulating carotenoid includes the following steps:

[0022] (1) Dissolve 1 part by weight of hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide, 0.5 - 5 parts by weight of cinnamic acid, 0.1 - 1 part by weight of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 0.5 - 2 parts by weight of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide under a nitrogen atmosphere, react at room temperature for 24 - 48 hours, add ice ethanol for precipitation, wash 3 times, and dry in an oven at 60 °C to constant weight to obtain an amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer.

[0023] (2) Dissolve 1 part by weight of the amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer obtained in step (1) and 0.05 - 0.3 part by weight of carotenoid in an organic solvent. When completely dissolved, slowly drop in water equivalent to 4 - 9 times the volume of the organic solvent, and then perform dialysis for 8 - 24 hours to obtain the peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanosphere encapsulating carotenoid.

[0024] In one embodiment, the molecular weight of the hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide is 3500 - 50000 Daltons.

[0025] The carotenoid is selected from at least any one of lycopene, β-carotene, astaxanthin, lutein, etc.

[0026] In one embodiment, the organic solvent is selected from at least any one of dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, etc., and all are of chemical pure or higher purity.

[0027] In one embodiment, the size of the peach gum polysaccharide anti-UV nanospheres encapsulating carotenoids is 80 - 300 nanometers.

[0028] A kind of peach gum polysaccharide anti-UV nanospheres encapsulating carotenoids is prepared by using any one of the above-mentioned preparation methods.

[0029] An application of the peach gum polysaccharide anti-UV nanospheres encapsulating carotenoids is specifically as follows: the application of the peach gum polysaccharide anti-UV nanospheres encapsulating carotenoids in the fields of food, cosmetics, and medicine.

[0030] In this application, trans-cinnamic acid with anti-UV function is introduced onto the surface of water-soluble hyperbranched PGP to prepare an amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide - trans-cinnamic acid copolymer, thereby constructing a peach gum polysaccharide micelle-type nanosphere with anti-UV function and using it to encapsulate light-sensitive hydrophobic carotenoids to improve the water solubility and UV stability of carotenoids. Through characterization, it is found that the peach gum polysaccharide nanospheres with anti-UV function have a high encapsulation efficiency for various carotenoids and effectively improve the water solubility of carotenoids. On the other hand, the introduction of the anti-UV monomer trans-cinnamic acid makes the nanospheres have a low UV transmittance, greatly delaying the photodegradation rate of carotenoids, thereby improving the UV stability of carotenoids.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] See Figures 2-5 , a preparation method of a kind of peach gum polysaccharide anti-UV nanospheres encapsulating carotenoids, includes the following steps:

[0033] (1) Add 1 gram of hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide, 0.5 gram of cinnamic acid, 0.1 gram of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 1.5 grams of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to 20 milliliters of N,N-dimethylformamide. The mixture reacts at room temperature for 48 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain an amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide - cinnamic acid copolymer.

[0034] (2) After completely dissolving 1 gram of the amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide - cinnamic acid copolymer obtained in (1) and 0.1 gram of β-carotene in 100 milliliters of N,N-dimethylformamide, slowly drop it into 900 milliliters of water, and then dialyze for 24 hours to obtain the peach gum polysaccharide anti-UV nanospheres encapsulating β-carotene.

[0035] The molecular weight of the hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide is 35,000 Daltons.

[0036] All the chemical reagents are of chemical pure or higher purity.

[0037] Example 2:

[0038] A preparation method of peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoids, comprising the following steps:

[0039] (1) Add 1 g of hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide, 1 g of cinnamic acid, 0.2 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 2 g of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to 20 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide. React the mixture at room temperature for 24 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain an amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer.

[0040] (2) After completely dissolving 1 g of the amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer obtained in (1) and 0.3 g of lycopene in 100 mL of tetrahydrofuran, slowly drop the solution into 600 mL of water, and then dialyze for 18 hours to obtain peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating lycopene.

[0041] The molecular weight of the hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide is 5000 Daltons.

[0042] All the chemical reagents are of chemical pure or higher purity.

[0043] Example 3:

[0044] A preparation method of peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoids, comprising the following steps:

[0045] (1) Add 1 g of hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide, 1.5 g of cinnamic acid, 0.25 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 2.5 g of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to 20 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide. React the mixture at room temperature for 22 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain an amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer.

[0046] (2) After completely dissolving 1 g of the amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer obtained in (1) and 0.1 g of β-carotene in 100 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, slowly drop the solution into 400 mL of water, and then dialyze for 20 hours to obtain peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating β-carotene.

[0047] The molecular weight of the hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide is 10000 Daltons.

[0048] All the chemical reagents are of chemical pure or higher purity.

[0049] Example 4:

[0050] A preparation method of peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoids, comprising the following steps:

[0051] (1) Add 1 g of hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide, 3 g of cinnamic acid, 0.3 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 3.5 g of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to 20 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide. The mixture is reacted at room temperature for 24 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain an amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer.

[0052] (2) After completely dissolving 1 g of the amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer obtained in (1) and 0.1 g of astaxanthin in 50 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, slowly add it dropwise to 450 mL of water, and then dialyze for 12 hours to obtain peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating astaxanthin.

[0053] The molecular weight of the hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide is 10,000 Daltons.

[0054] All the chemical reagents are of chemical pure or higher purity.

[0055] Example 5:

[0056] A preparation method of peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoids, comprising the following steps:

[0057] (1) Add 1 g of hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide, 0.5 g of cinnamic acid, 0.1 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 1.5 g of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to 20 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide. The mixture is reacted at room temperature for 48 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain an amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer.

[0058] (2) After completely dissolving 1 g of the amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer obtained in (1) and 0.1 g of lutein in 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran, slowly add it dropwise to 800 mL of water, and then dialyze for 24 hours to obtain peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating lutein.

[0059] The molecular weight of the hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide is 20,000 Daltons.

[0060] All the chemical reagents are of chemical pure or higher purity.

[0061] Example 6:

[0062] A preparation method of peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoids, comprising the following steps:

[0063] (1) Add 1 g of hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide, 1 g of cinnamic acid, 0.2 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 1.5 g by weight of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to 20 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide. The mixture is reacted at room temperature for 30 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain an amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer.

[0064] (2) After completely dissolving 1 g of the amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer obtained in (1) and 0.2 g of lycopene in 25 mL of tetrahydrofuran, slowly drop it into 225 mL of water, and then dialyze for 8 hours to obtain hyperbranched peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating lycopene.

[0065] The molecular weight of the hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide is 8000 Daltons.

[0066] All the chemical reagents are of chemical pure or higher purity.

[0067] The peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoids involved in the method of the present invention are assembled from the amphiphilic hyperbranched peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid graft copolymer of natural peach gum polysaccharide with hyperbranched structure and anti-ultraviolet monomer cinnamic acid to obtain an assembly with an atypical core-shell structure, which is used to encapsulate and stabilize carotenoids in order to improve the water solubility and ultraviolet stability of carotenoids. The peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoids have a high encapsulation amount and excellent ultraviolet stability, and the size can be adjusted between 80 - 300 nm, and they have broad application prospects in the fields of food, cosmetics, medicine, etc.; the preparation method of the present invention has the advantages of rich raw material sources, low cost, good biocompatibility, simple preparation process, easy purification, and little environmental pollution.

[0068] For those skilled in the art, various corresponding changes and deformations can be made according to the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all these changes and deformations should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of encapsulated carotenoid peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres, comprising the following steps: First, prepare amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid molecules, dissolve the amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid and carotenoids in an organic solvent, and then drop into excess water and dialyze to obtain encapsulated carotenoid peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres. The method specifically includes the following steps: (1) Dissolve 1 part by weight of hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide, 0.5 - 5 parts by weight of cinnamic acid, 0.1 - 1 part by weight of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 0.5 - 2 parts by weight of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide under a nitrogen atmosphere. After reacting at room temperature for 24 - 48 hours, add ice ethanol for precipitation and wash 3 times, and dry in an oven at 60 °C to constant weight to obtain an amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer; (2) Dissolve 1 part by weight of the amphiphilic peach gum polysaccharide-cinnamic acid copolymer obtained in step (1) and 0.05 - 0.3 parts by weight of carotenoids in an organic solvent. After complete dissolution, slowly drop in water equivalent to 4 - 9 times the volume of the organic solvent, and then dialyze for 8 - 24 hours to obtain encapsulated carotenoid peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres. Among them, The molecular weight of the hydrolyzed peach gum polysaccharide is 3500 - 50000 Daltons. The organic solvent is selected from at least one of dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, and tetrahydrofuran. The size of the encapsulated carotenoid peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres is 80 - 300 nanometers.

2. The preparation method of the encapsulated carotenoid peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres according to claim 1, wherein: The carotenoids are selected from at least one of lycopene, β-carotene, astaxanthin, and lutein.

3. A peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanosphere encapsulating carotenoids, characterized in that: The encapsulated carotenoid peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres are prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 - 2.

4. Application of peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres encapsulating carotenoids, characterized in that, The application of the encapsulated carotenoid peach gum polysaccharide anti-ultraviolet nanospheres as described in claim 3 in the fields of food, cosmetics, and medicine.

Images